WO2023109938A1 - 一种dsRNA、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents

一种dsRNA、其制备方法及应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023109938A1
WO2023109938A1 PCT/CN2022/139488 CN2022139488W WO2023109938A1 WO 2023109938 A1 WO2023109938 A1 WO 2023109938A1 CN 2022139488 W CN2022139488 W CN 2022139488W WO 2023109938 A1 WO2023109938 A1 WO 2023109938A1
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seq
nucleotide
dsrna
antisense strand
sense strand
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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李云飞
张瑱
侯哲
耿俊
张建羽
周雅琴
黄龙飞
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Tuojie Biotech Shanghai Co Ltd
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Tuojie Biotech Shanghai Co Ltd
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Priority to CA3240651A priority Critical patent/CA3240651A1/en
Priority to KR1020247022568A priority patent/KR20240116537A/ko
Priority to JP2024535520A priority patent/JP2025500860A/ja
Priority to CN202280076303.4A priority patent/CN118302526A/zh
Publication of WO2023109938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023109938A1/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
    • C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
    • A61K31/713—Double-stranded nucleic acids or oligonucleotides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
    • C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
    • C12N2310/14—Type of nucleic acid interfering nucleic acids [NA]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
    • C12N2310/30—Chemical structure
    • C12N2310/31—Chemical structure of the backbone
    • C12N2310/315—Phosphorothioates

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a dsRNA that can be targeted and delivered into cells to play the role of RNA interference.
  • the present disclosure also relates to preparation methods and applications of dsRNA.
  • RNA interference is an effective way to silence gene expression. According to statistics, more than 80% of the disease-related proteins in the human body cannot be targeted by current conventional small molecule drugs and biological macromolecular preparations, and are non-druggable proteins. Using RNA interference technology, we can design appropriate siRNA based on the mRNA encoding these proteins, specifically target the target mRNA and degrade the target mRNA, so as to inhibit the production of related proteins. Therefore, siRNA has a very important prospect of drug development. However, in order to achieve the RNA interference effect for therapeutic purposes in vivo, it is necessary to deliver siRNA molecules to specific cells in vivo.
  • asialoglycoprotein receptor is a receptor specifically expressed in hepatocytes, which has high abundance on the surface of hepatocytes and is characterized by rapid intracellular and extracellular transitions.
  • Monosaccharide and polysaccharide molecules such as galactose, galactosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine have high affinity for ASGPR.
  • siRNA can be effectively delivered to hepatocytes using galactosamine molecular clusters (GalNAc), and GalNAc molecules designed as trivalent or tetravalent molecular clusters can significantly increase the concentration of monovalent or divalent GalNAc.
  • GalNAc galactosamine molecular clusters
  • the present disclosure provides a dsRNA comprising an siRNA comprising a sense strand and an antisense strand at its 5' end and one or more ligands conjugated thereto. At least one nucleotide position from the 2nd to the 8th contains the chemical modification shown in formula (I), its tautomeric modification or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • Y is selected from O, NH and S;
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • J 2 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • Q 1 is Q 2 is R 2 ;
  • Q 1 is R 2
  • Q 2 is
  • J 1 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is a base
  • the ligand is a compound represented by formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • R 13 is independently CR 17 R 18 , NR 16 , O or S,
  • R 13 when When it is a double bond, R 13 is independently CR 19 or N;
  • R 14 is independently CR 19 or N;
  • Ring A is cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, present or absent, and when ring A exists, R 15 is independently CR 19 or N, and when ring A does not exist, R 15 independently CR 17 R 18 , NR 16 or O;
  • R' and R" are independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, the alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, Heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen, hydroxy, oxo, nitro and cyano;
  • n1, p1 and q1 are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
  • z1, z2, z3, z4, z5, z6, z7, z8 and z9 are independently an integer of 0-10;
  • r1 is an integer of 1-10.
  • R when X is NH-CO, R is not H.
  • the chemical modification shown in formula (I) is the chemical modification shown in formula (I-1):
  • Y is selected from O, NH and S;
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine , 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine Pyrimidine, uracil, pseudouracil, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymus Pyrimidine, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same as the base of the antisense strand when the nucleotide at this position is not modified.
  • the chemical modification shown in formula (I) is the chemical modification shown in formula (I-2):
  • Y is selected from O, NH and S;
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine , 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine Pyrimidine, uracil, pseudouracil, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymus Pyrimidine, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same as the base of the antisense strand when the nucleotide at this position is not modified.
  • each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are each independently H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl groups;
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 , and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', and R 5 are each independently H, methyl, ethyl radical, n-propyl or isopropyl;
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or methyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • R 1 is selected from H, methyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • J 1 and J 2 are independently H;
  • R 2 is selected from H, methyl and CH 2 OH;
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), NR 5 and NH-CO, R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • J 2 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 3 is selected from H, OH, NH 2 , C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy and (CH 2 ) p R 6 ;
  • R 1 is selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy and (CH 2 ) q R 7 ;
  • J 1 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 2 is selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy and (CH 2 ) r R 8 ;
  • B is a base
  • X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 ′).
  • R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and (CH 2 ) q R 7 .
  • R 1 is selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and (CH 2 ) r R 8 .
  • Y is O
  • J 2 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 3 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl and (CH 2 ) p R 6 ;
  • Q 1 is Q 2 is R 2 ; or Q 1 is R 2 and Q 2 is
  • R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl and (CH 2 ) q R 7 ;
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • Y is O
  • R 3 is selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • Q 1 is Q 2 is R 2 ; or Q 1 is R 2 and Q 2 is
  • J 1 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a 5-6 membered ring;
  • B is a base
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), NR 5 and NH-CO, R 4 , R 4 ', and R 5 are independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl.
  • X is independently selected from NH—CO, CH 2 and NH.
  • X is independently selected from NH—CO and CH 2 .
  • X is CH2 .
  • J 2 is H or methyl. In some embodiments, J is H.
  • R is selected from H and methyl.
  • R2 is selected from H, methyl, and CH2OH .
  • R1 and R2 are directly linked to form a 5-6 membered ring. In some embodiments, R and R are directly connected to form a 3-6 membered cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I) is selected from any of the following structures:
  • B is selected from purine base, pyrimidine base, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I) is selected from any of the following structures:
  • B is selected from purine base, pyrimidine base, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I) is selected from any of the following structures:
  • B is selected from purine base, pyrimidine base, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • B is selected from purine base, pyrimidine base, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • Y is selected from O, NH and S;
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • J 2 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • Q 1' for Q 2' is R 2 ; or Q 1' is R 2 and Q 2' is
  • J 1 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is a base
  • M is O or S
  • R when X is NH-CO, R is not H.
  • the chemical modification shown in formula (I') is the chemical modification shown in formula (I'-1):
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • M is O or S
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diamino Purine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudo Cytosine, uracil, pseudouracil, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidines, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is identical to the base when the nucleotide at this position of the antisense strand is not modified.
  • the chemical modification shown in formula (I') is the chemical modification shown in formula (I'-2):
  • Y is selected from O, NH and S;
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • M is O or S
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, Thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are each independently H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl groups;
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), S, NR 5 , and NH-CO, wherein R 4 , R 4 ', and R 5 are each independently H, methyl, ethyl radical, n-propyl or isopropyl;
  • Each J 1 and J 2 are independently H or methyl
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • J 1 and J 2 are independently H;
  • R 1 is selected from H, methyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 2 is selected from H, OH, NH 2 , methyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 3 is selected from H, OH, NH 2 , methyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a ring
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • J 1 and J 2 are independently H;
  • R 1 is selected from H, methyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 3 is selected from H, OH, NH 2 , methyl and CH 2 OH;
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • Y is O or NH
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), NR 5 and NH-CO, R 4 , R 4 ', R 5 are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • J 2 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 3 is selected from H, OH, NH 2 , C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy and (CH 2 ) p R 6 ;
  • Q 1' is Q 2' is R 2 ; or Q 1' is R 2 and Q 2' is
  • R 1 is selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy and (CH 2 ) q R 7 ;
  • R 2 is selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy and (CH 2 ) r R 8 ;
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a 3-6 membered ring;
  • M is O or S
  • B is a base
  • X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 ′) and NH—CO.
  • X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 ′).
  • R 3 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and (CH 2 ) p R 6 .
  • R 3 is selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and (CH 2 ) q R 7 .
  • R 1 is selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and (CH 2 ) r R 8 .
  • R 2 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and (CH 2 ) r R 8 .
  • Y is O
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 ') and NH-CO, R 4 and R 4 ' are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • J 2 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 3 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl and (CH 2 ) p R 6 ;
  • Q 1' is Q 2' is R 2 ; or Q 1' is R 2 and Q 2' is
  • R 1 is selected from H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl and (CH 2 ) q R 7 ;
  • J 1 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 2 is selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl and (CH 2 ) r R 8 ;
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a 5-6 membered ring;
  • M is O or S
  • B is a base
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • Y is O
  • Each X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), R 4 and R 4 ' are independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • Q 1' is Q 2' is R 2 ; or Q 1' is R 2 and Q 2' is
  • R 1 is selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • J 1 is H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form a 5-6 membered ring;
  • B is a base
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • Y is O.
  • X is independently selected from CR 4 (R 4 '), NR 5 and NH-CO, R 4 , R 4 ', and R 5 are independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl.
  • X is independently selected from NH—CO, CH 2 and NH.
  • X is independently selected from NH—CO and CH 2 .
  • X is CH2 .
  • J 2 is H or methyl. In some embodiments, J is H.
  • R is selected from H and methyl.
  • R 1 is selected from H and methyl.
  • R2 is selected from H, methyl, and CH2OH .
  • R1 and R2 are directly linked to form a 5-6 membered ring. In some embodiments, R and R are directly connected to form a 3-6 membered cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, R 1 and R 2 are directly connected to form cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I') is selected from any of the following structures:
  • M is O or S
  • B is selected from purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I') is selected from any of the following structures:
  • M is O or S
  • B is selected from purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I') is selected from any of the following structures:
  • M is O or S
  • B is selected from purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same base as if the nucleotide at that position on the antisense strand was unmodified.
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I') is selected from any of the following structures:
  • B is selected from the group consisting of purine bases, pyrimidine bases, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, isoguanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, C2 modified purine, N8 modified purine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylamino Purine, 2-aminopurine, N6-alkyladenine, O6-alkylguanine, 7-deazapurine, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, isocytosine, pseudocytosine, uracil, pseudourine Pyrimidine, 2-thiouridine, 4-thiouridine, C5-modified pyrimidine, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole, and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5- Nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same as the base of the antisense strand when the nucleotide at this position is unmodified.
  • the ligand is a compound represented by formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • R 13 is CR 17 R 18 , NR 16 , O or S;
  • R 14 is CR 19 ;
  • R 15 is independently CR 17 R 18 , NR 16 or O;
  • R 16 to R 19 are independently hydrogen, deuterium or alkyl
  • m1, p1 and q1 are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
  • z5, z6, z7, z8 and z9 are independently an integer of 0-10;
  • r1 is an integer of 1-10.
  • R 16 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl
  • R 13 is CR 17 R 18 or O
  • R 14 is CR 19 ;
  • R 15 is independently CR 17 R 18 or O;
  • R 16 to R 19 are independently hydrogen or alkyl
  • n 1;
  • z8 and z9 are independently an integer of 0-10;
  • L 2 is -(CH 2 ) j15 -(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-4 -(CH 2 ) j16 - or
  • j15 and j16 are independently an integer of 0-4;
  • r1 is 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • j11, j12, j13, and j14 are independently integers from 0-2 or 4-10. In some embodiments, j11, j12, j13, and j14 are independently 0, 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10.
  • L can be The definition of j12 is the same as that described in the previous scheme, wherein the terminal a1 is connected to B1 , and the terminal b1 is connected to R11 .
  • L can be Wherein, terminal a1 is connected to B1 , and terminal b1 is connected to R11 .
  • R 11 can be a chemical bond and R 12 can be NR 16 , and the definition of R 16 is the same as described in any of the previous schemes.
  • R 16 can be hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl.
  • R 16 can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or isopropyl.
  • R 16 can be hydrogen
  • R 17 and R 18 can be hydrogen.
  • R 19 can be hydrogen
  • ring A when present, can be a C 6-12 aryl.
  • ring A can be phenyl
  • m1 can be 0 or 1.
  • m1 can be 3.
  • n1 can be 0 or 1.
  • p1 and q1 are independently 0 or 1.
  • z1, z2, z3, z4, z5, z6, z7, z8, and z9 can independently be an integer from 0-4. In some embodiments, z1, z2, z3, z4, z5, z6, z7, z8, and z9 can be 0, 1, or 2 independently.
  • B 1 can be any organic compound
  • B 1 can be any organic compound
  • the definitions of z5, z6, z7, z8 and z9 are the same as those described in the previous scheme.
  • B 1 can be any organic compound
  • L 2 can be -(CH 2 ) j15 -(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 1-4 -(CH 2 ) j16 -, j15 and j16 are as defined in the previous scheme.
  • L2 can be In some embodiments, L2 can be Among them, one side is connected with O atom, and the other side is connected with B1 .
  • L 2 can be a C 1 -C 12 alkyl chain.
  • L2 can be any organic compound
  • L2 can be In some embodiments, L2 can be In some embodiments, L2 can be In some embodiments, L2 can be In some embodiments, L2 can be Among them, the a3 end is connected to the O atom, and the b3 end is connected to the B1 .
  • L2 can be Among them, the a3 end is connected to the O atom, and the b3 end is connected to the B1 .
  • r1 can be 3, 4, 5 or 6. In some embodiments, r1 can be 3.
  • Q3 can be In some embodiments, Q3 can be Wherein, the definitions of R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and n1 are the same as those described in the previous scheme.
  • R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , p1 and q1 are the same as those described in the previous scheme.
  • R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , p1 and q1 are the same as those described in the previous scheme.
  • R 13 , R 14 , n1, p1 and q1 are the same as those described in the previous scheme.
  • R 13 , R 14 , n1, p1 and q1 are the same as those described in the previous scheme.
  • Can be The definitions of n1, p1 and q1 are the same as those described in the previous scheme.
  • the ligand can be any of the following structures or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • the ligand can be any of the following structures or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • the ligand is selected from the following structures or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I) is B is selected from guanine, adenine, cytosine and uracil; and the ligand is any of the following structures or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I) is B is selected from guanine, adenine, cytosine and uracil, and the ligand is any of the following structures or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • the chemical modification represented by the formula (I) is B is selected from guanine, adenine, cytosine and uracil; and, the ligand is the following structure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • N in the above ligands can be replaced with N-trifluoroacetylgalactosamine, N-propionylgalactosamine, N-n-butyrylgalactosamine or N-isobutyrylgalactosamine - the acetyl-galactosamine moiety.
  • the siRNA and the ligand are covalently or non-covalently linked.
  • the 3' end and/or the 5' end of the sense strand may be conjugated to the ligand.
  • the 3' end of the sense strand can be conjugated to the ligand.
  • the ligand is attached to the end of the siRNA via a phosphate group or a phosphorothioate group.
  • the ligand is attached to the end of the siRNA via a phosphodiester group or a phosphorothioate group.
  • the ligand is attached to the end of the siRNA via a phosphodiester group.
  • the ligand is indirectly linked to the end of the siRNA via a phosphate group or a phosphorothioate group.
  • the ligand is directly attached to the end of the siRNA via a phosphate group or a phosphorothioate group.
  • the ligand is directly linked to the 3' end of the sense strand of the siRNA via a phosphate group or a phosphorothioate group.
  • the phosphate group is a phosphate monoester group or a phosphodiester group. In some embodiments, the phosphate group is a phosphodiester group.
  • the phosphorothioate group is a phosphorothioate monoester group or a phosphorothioate diester group. In some embodiments, the phosphorothioate group is a phosphorothioate diester group.
  • the dsRNA can be any of the following structures or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • Z is siRNA
  • the 3' end of the sense strand of the siRNA is directly linked to the ligand through a phosphorothioate group
  • the siRNA is as defined in this disclosure.
  • the dsRNA can be any of the following structures or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • Z is siRNA
  • the 3' end of the sense strand of the siRNA is directly connected to the ligand through a phosphodiester group, and the siRNA is as defined in the present disclosure.
  • the dsRNA may be of the following structure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
  • Z is siRNA
  • the 3' end of the sense strand of the siRNA is directly connected to the ligand through a phosphodiester group, and the siRNA is as defined in the present disclosure.
  • a lipophilic group such as cholesterol can be introduced at the end of the siRNA sense strand.
  • vitamin E vitamin E, etc.
  • siRNA can also be modified by non-covalent bonds, such as binding phospholipid molecules, polypeptides, and cationic polymers through hydrophobic bonds or ionic bonds to increase stability and biological activity.
  • the nucleotide comprising the chemical modification represented by formula (I), its tautomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt is located at the 5th and 6th positions from the 5' end of the antisense strand or number 7.
  • the nucleotide comprising the chemical modification represented by formula (I), its tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is located at position 7 at the 5' end of the antisense strand.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine , 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine , 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine , 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is selected from adenine, guanine , 2,6-diaminopurine, 6-dimethylaminopurine, 2-aminopurine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, indole, 5-nitroindole and 3-nitropyrrole.
  • B is the same as the base of the antisense strand when the 5th nucleotide from its 5' end is not modified.
  • B is the same as the base when the 6th nucleotide from the 5' end of the antisense strand is unmodified.
  • B is the same as the base when the 7th nucleotide from the 5' end of the antisense strand is unmodified.
  • B is the same as the base when the 8th nucleotide from the 5' end of the antisense strand is not modified.
  • At least one additional nucleotide in the sense strand and/or antisense strand is a modified nucleotide at the remaining positions other than those comprising the chemical modification shown in formula (I).
  • the modified nucleotides are selected from: 2'-methoxy-modified nucleotides, 2'-substituted alkoxy-modified nucleotides, 2'-alkyl-modified core Nucleotides, 2'-substituted alkyl modified nucleotides, 2'-amino modified nucleotides, 2'-substituted amino modified nucleotides, 2'-fluoro modified nucleotides , 2'-deoxynucleotides, 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-modified nucleotides, 3'-deoxy-thymidine nucleotides, isonucleotides, LNA, ENA, cET, UNA, GNA .
  • the modified nucleotides are independently selected from: 2'-methoxy-modified nucleotides or 2'-fluoro-modified nucleotides.
  • the sense strand contains three consecutive nucleotides with the same modification.
  • the three nucleotides with the same modification are 2'-fluoro-modified nucleotides.
  • the nucleotides at positions 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 of the antisense strand are each independently 2'- Fluoro-modified nucleotides.
  • the antisense strand is at least partially reverse complementary to the target sequence. In some embodiments, there are no more than 5, no more than 4, no more than 3, no more than 2, no more than 1 mismatches between the antisense strand and the target sequence. In some embodiments, the antisense strand is fully reverse complementary to the target sequence.
  • the sense strand is at least partially reverse complementary to the antisense strand to form a double-stranded region. In some embodiments, there are no more than 5, no more than 4, no more than 3, no more than 2, no more than 1 mismatch between the sense strand and the antisense strand. In some embodiments, the sense strand is fully reverse complementary to the antisense strand.
  • the sense and antisense strands each independently have 16 to 35, 16 to 34, 17 to 34, 17 to 33, 18 to 33, 18 to 32, 18 to 31, 18 to 30, 18 to 29, 18 to 28, 18 to 27, 18 to 26, 18 to 25, 18 to 24, 18 to 23, 19 to 25, 19 to 24, or 19 to 23 nucleotides (eg, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 nucleotides).
  • the sense strand and the antisense strand are the same or different in length, and the sense strand has a length of 19-23 nucleotides (e.g., 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 nucleotides ), the length of the antisense strand is 19-26 nucleotides.
  • the length ratio of the sense strand and the antisense strand in the dsRNA provided by the present disclosure can be 19/19, 19/20, 19/21, 19/22, 19/23, 19/24, 19/25, 19/26 , 20/19, 20/20, 20/21, 20/22, 20/23, 20/24, 20/25, 20/26, 21/20, 21/21, 21/22, 21/23, 21 /24, 21/25, 21/26, 22/20, 22/21, 22/22, 22/23, 22/24, 22/25, 22/26, 23/20, 23/21, 23/22 , 23/23, 23/24, 23/25 or 23/26.
  • the sense and antisense strands have a length ratio of 19/21, 21/23, or 23/25.
  • the sense strand and antisense strand have a length ratio of 19/21.
  • the siRNA comprises one or two blunt ends.
  • each strand of the siRNA independently comprises 1 to 2 unpaired nucleotides forming an overhang.
  • the siRNA comprises an overhang located 3' to the antisense strand.
  • three consecutive nucleotides at positions 7-9 at the 5' end of the siRNA sense strand are 2'-fluoro-modified nucleotides.
  • the sense strand contains nucleotides (5'-3') represented by the formula:
  • each X is independently Na or N b ; Na is a 2'-methoxy-modified nucleotide, and N b is a 2'-fluoro-modified nucleotide.
  • the sense strand contains nucleotides represented by the formula:
  • N a is a 2'-methoxy-modified nucleotide
  • N b is a 2'-fluoro-modified nucleotide
  • the antisense strand contains nucleotides represented by the formula:
  • N a ' is a 2'-methoxy modified nucleotide
  • N b ' is a 2'-fluoro modified nucleotide
  • W' represents a 2'-methoxy modified nucleotide or includes the formula (I) Chemically modified, tautomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof modified nucleotides shown in (I).
  • W' represents a nucleotide comprising a chemical modification represented by formula (I), a tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the chemical modification shown in formula (I) is selected from:
  • B is selected from guanine, adenine, cytosine and uracil. In some specific embodiments, B is the same as the base of the antisense strand when the 7th nucleotide from the 5' end is not modified.
  • the chemical modification shown in formula (I) is selected from:
  • M is O or S; wherein: B is selected from guanine, adenine, cytosine or uracil. In some specific embodiments, B is the same as the base of the antisense strand when the 7th nucleotide from the 5' end is not modified.
  • M is S. In some specific embodiments, M is O.
  • At least one phosphate group in the sense strand and/or antisense strand is a phosphate group with a modification group.
  • the modifying group confers increased stability to the siRNA in a biological sample or environment.
  • the phosphate group with a modifying group is a phosphorothioate group.
  • the phosphate group with a modifying group is a phosphorothioate group.
  • the phosphorothioate group is present in at least one of the following positions:
  • the sense strand and/or antisense strand include multiple phosphorothioate groups present in:
  • the sense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence represented by the following formula:
  • Nm represents any nucleotide modified by 2'-methoxy group, such as C, G, U, A modified by 2'-methoxy group
  • Nf represents any nucleotide modified by 2'-fluoro group, such as 2 '- Fluoro-modified C, G, U, A;
  • the lowercase letter s indicates that the two nucleotides adjacent to the letter s are connected by phosphorothioate groups; when the lowercase letter s is the first at the 3' end, it indicates that it is upstream of the letter s (5' direction)
  • the adjacent one nucleotide terminus is a phosphorothioate group.
  • the antisense strand comprises a nucleotide sequence represented by the following formula:
  • Nm' represents any nucleotide modified by 2'-methoxy, such as C, G, U, A modified by 2'-methoxy
  • Nf' represents any nucleotide modified by 2'-fluoro, For example, 2'-fluoro modified C, G, U, A;
  • the lowercase letter s indicates that the two nucleotides adjacent to the left and right of the letter s are connected by a phosphorothioate group, and the lowercase letter s is the first at the 3' end to indicate a nucleus adjacent to the upstream of the letter s
  • the end of the nucleotide is a phosphorothioate group
  • W' represents a 2'-methoxy modified nucleotide or a modified nucleotide comprising a chemical modification represented by formula (I), its tautomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the chemical modification represented by formula (I) is selected from:
  • B is selected from guanine, adenine, cytosine and uracil. In some embodiments, B is the same base as when the 7th nucleotide from the 5' end of the antisense strand is unmodified.
  • the chemical modification shown in formula (I) is selected from:
  • M is O or S; wherein: B is selected from guanine, adenine, cytosine or uracil. In some specific embodiments, B is the same as the base of the antisense strand when the 7th nucleotide from the 5' end is not modified.
  • M is S. In some specific embodiments, M is O.
  • the siRNA is an siRNA targeting a hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene.
  • HBV hepatitis B virus
  • the siRNA is an siRNA targeting HBV-S.
  • the sense strand and the antisense strand of the siRNA targeting HBV-S are selected from any of the following groups:
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 6.
  • the siRNA is an siRNA targeting HBV-X.
  • the sense strand and the antisense strand of the siRNA targeting HBV-X are selected from any of the following groups:
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 1, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 4, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 8.
  • the sense strand of the siRNA comprises no more than 3 nucleotides differing from the nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 4, which comprises at least 15 (some In an embodiment, selected from at least 19) consecutive nucleotides, and/or,
  • the antisense strand comprises no more than 3 nucleotides differing from the nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NO: 5 to SEQ ID NO: 8, comprising at least 19 (in some embodiments, at least 21) contiguous nucleosides acid.
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand of the siRNA comprises any one of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 4, and/or, the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand Contains any one of SEQ ID NO: 5 to SEQ ID NO: 8;
  • the sense and antisense strands of the siRNA are selected from any of the following groups:
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 1, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 2, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 6;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 3, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 7;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 4, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 8.
  • the sense and antisense strands of the siRNA are selected from any of the following groups:
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 1
  • nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 6;
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 3
  • nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 7;
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 4, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 8.
  • SEQ ID NO: 1 is GUGUGCACUUCGCUUCACC
  • SEQ ID NO:2 is CUUUUGUCUUUGGGUAUAU;
  • SEQ ID NO:3 is UUACCAAUUUUCUUUUGUU;
  • SEQ ID NO:4 is GUGUGCACUUCGCUUCACU
  • SEQ ID NO:5 is AGUGAAGCGAAGUGCACACGG
  • SEQ ID NO:6 is AUAUACCCAAAGACAAAAGAA;
  • SEQ ID NO:7 is AACAAAAAAAAAAUUGGUAACA;
  • SEQ ID NO:8 is IGUGAAGCGAAGUGCACACGG.
  • the siRNAs are TJR100381 and TJR100382.
  • the sense strand of the dsRNA disclosed herein comprises any of SEQ ID NO: 9 to SEQ ID NO: 15, and/or,
  • the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises any one of SEQ ID NO: 17 to SEQ ID NO: 20.
  • the dsRNA is selected from any of the following groups:
  • the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 9, and the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 17;
  • the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 11, and the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 18;
  • the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 13, and the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 19;
  • the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 10
  • the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 17;
  • the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 12, and the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 18;
  • the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 14, and the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 19;
  • the sense strand contains SEQ ID NO: 9, and the antisense strand contains SEQ ID NO: 20;
  • the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO:15 and the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO:17.
  • the dsRNA is any of the following:
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 9, and the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 17;
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 11
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 18;
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 13, and the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 19;
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 10
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 17;
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 12, and the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 18;
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 14, the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 19;
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 9, and the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 20;
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO:15 and the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO:17.
  • the dsRNA is selected from any of the following groups:
  • the dsRNA is any of the following:
  • the dsRNA is selected from any of the following groups:
  • the dsRNA targeting HBV-X is any of the following schemes:
  • the dsRNA targeting HBV-S is any of the following schemes:
  • SEQ ID NO:10 is N-(SEQ ID NO:10).
  • SEQ ID NO: 11 is N-(SEQ ID NO: 11
  • SEQ ID NO: 12 is
  • SEQ ID NO: 13 is
  • SEQ ID NO: 14 is
  • SEQ ID NO:15 is N-(SEQ ID NO:15).
  • SEQ ID NO: 17 is
  • SEQ ID NO: 18 is
  • SEQ ID NO: 19 is N-(SEQ ID NO: 19
  • SEQ ID NO:20 is N-(SEQ ID NO:20).
  • s means that the two nucleotides adjacent to the left and right of the letter s are connected by phosphorothioate groups
  • the dsRNA is selected from the following structures or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • Af adenine 2'-F ribonucleoside (adenine 2'-F ribonucleoside);
  • Cf cytosine 2'-F ribonucleoside (cytosine 2'-F ribonucleoside);
  • Gf guanine 2'-F ribonucleoside (guanine 2'-F ribonucleoside);
  • Uf uracil 2'-F ribonucleoside (uracil 2'-F ribonucleoside);
  • Am adenine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside (adenine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside);
  • Cm cytosine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside (cytosine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside);
  • Gm guanine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside (guanine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside);
  • Um uracil 2'-OMe ribonucleoside (uracil 2'-OMe ribonucleoside);
  • Im hypoxanthine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside (Inosine 2'-OMe ribonucleoside);
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be conventional salts in the art, including but not limited to: sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, amine salts and the like.
  • the dsRNA is selected from TRD007970, TRD007994, TRD007995, TRD007970-1, TRD007994-1, TRD007995-1, TJR100259 or TJR100260.
  • the dsRNA is TRD007970, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TRD007994, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TRD007995, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TRD007970-1, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TRD007994-1, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TRD007995-1, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TJR100259, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TJR100260, which has the following structure:
  • the dsRNA is TJR100410, which has the following structure:
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be conventional salts in the art, including but not limited to: sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, amine salts and the like.
  • the present disclosure provides a dsRNA comprising a sense strand and an antisense strand forming a double-stranded region, the sense strand and the antisense strand being selected from any of the following groups:
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 1, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 2, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 6;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 3, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 7;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 4, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand comprises SEQ ID NO: 8.
  • the sense and antisense strands of the dsRNA are selected from any of the following groups:
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 1
  • nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 6;
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 3
  • nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 7;
  • nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 4, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 5;
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 8.
  • siRNAs, dsRNAs described in the present disclosure are selected from synthetic sources or prepared in vitro.
  • the present disclosure provides a synthetically derived or in vitro prepared compound selected from the dsRNAs described in the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above-mentioned dsRNA.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more additional therapeutic agents.
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises a dsRNA described in the present disclosure and one or more other therapeutic agents as active ingredients.
  • the dsRNA in the pharmaceutical composition is used in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents.
  • the other therapeutic agents are selected from the group consisting of antiviral agents, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, immunostimulators, therapeutic vaccines, virus entry inhibitors, and oligosaccharides that inhibit the secretion or release of HbsAg.
  • Nucleotide, capsid inhibitor, covalently closed circular (ccc) HBV DNA inhibitor are selected from the group consisting of antiviral agents, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, immunostimulators, therapeutic vaccines, virus entry inhibitors, and oligosaccharides that inhibit the secretion or release of HbsAg.
  • Nucleotide, capsid inhibitor, covalently closed circular (ccc) HBV DNA inhibitor are selected from the group consisting of antiviral agents, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, immunostimulators, therapeutic vaccines, virus entry inhibitors, and oligosaccharides that inhibit the secretion or release of HbsAg.
  • dsRNA or pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure such as encapsulation in liposomes, microparticles, microcapsules, recombinant cells capable of expressing the compound, receptor-mediated intracellular Endocytosis, construction of nucleic acids as part of retroviral or other vectors.
  • the administration of the dsRNA or the pharmaceutical composition described in the present disclosure is conventional, and can be administered locally (for example, direct injection or implantation) or systemically, and can also be administered orally, rectally or Administration by parenteral routes, including but not limited to subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, transdermal administration, inhalation administration (such as aerosol), mucosal administration (such as sublingual , intranasal administration), intracranial administration, etc.
  • a dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition provided herein can be administered by injection, eg, intravenous, intramuscular, intradermal, subcutaneous, intraduodenal, or intraperitoneal injection.
  • the dsRNA or pharmaceutical compositions provided by the present disclosure can be packaged in kits.
  • the present disclosure provides an application of the dsRNA or the pharmaceutical composition described in the present disclosure in the preparation of medicaments.
  • the medicament is useful for preventing and/or treating hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a subject.
  • HBV hepatitis B virus
  • the medicament can be used to prevent and/or treat diseases related to hepatitis B virus.
  • the disease associated with hepatitis B virus is chronic hepatitis and the subject is HBeAg positive or HBeAg negative.
  • the hepatitis B virus-associated disease is acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis D virus infection, hepatitis D, liver fibrosis, advanced liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • the effective amount or effective dose of the dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is about 0.001 mg/kg body weight to about 200 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight, or about 0.5 mg /kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for preventing and/or treating a disease, which comprises administering to a subject an effective amount or dose of the dsRNA or the pharmaceutical composition described in the present disclosure.
  • the disease is selected from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In some embodiments, the disease is selected from diseases associated with hepatitis B virus. In some embodiments, the disease associated with hepatitis B virus is chronic hepatitis and the subject is HBeAg positive or HBeAg negative.
  • HBV hepatitis B virus
  • the hepatitis B virus-associated disease is acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis D virus infection, hepatitis D, liver fibrosis, advanced liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • the disclosed methods further comprise administering to the subject another therapeutic agent.
  • the other therapeutic agent is selected from antiviral agents, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, immunostimulants, therapeutic vaccines, viral entry inhibitors, oligonucleotides that inhibit HbsAg secretion or release , capsid inhibitors, cccDNA inhibitors, and combinations of any of the above.
  • the effective amount or effective dose of the dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is about 0.001 mg/kg body weight to about 200 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight, or about 0.5 mg /kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for silencing a target gene or its mRNA in a cell in vivo or in vitro, comprising the step of introducing the above-mentioned dsRNA or the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition into the cell.
  • the target genes include, but are not limited to, genes targeting HBV (eg, HBV-S, HBV-X).
  • the present disclosure provides a method for inhibiting the expression of a target gene or its mRNA, which comprises administering an effective amount or dose of the dsRNA described in the present disclosure or the pharmaceutical composition described in the present disclosure to a subject.
  • the target gene includes, but is not limited to, HBV (eg, HBV-S, HBV-X).
  • the subject has been previously identified as having pathological upregulation of the target gene or its mRNA in the targeted cell, cell population, tissue or subject.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for inhibiting the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in cells, the method comprising making the cells and the dsRNA and/or the pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure, thereby inhibiting the replication of HBV in the cells.
  • the cells are in a subject.
  • the cells are in vitro.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for reducing hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen levels in a subject infected with HBV, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the dsRNA and/or the pharmaceutical composition of the present disclosure, Thereby reducing the level of HBV antigen in the subject.
  • HBV antigen is HBsAg.
  • HBV antigen is HBeAg.
  • the subject is HBeAg positive.
  • the subject is HBeAg negative.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for delivering oligonucleotides to the liver, which comprises administering to a subject an effective amount or dose of the above-mentioned dsRNA or the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition.
  • the effective amount or effective dose of the dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is about 0.001 mg/kg body weight to about 200 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight, or about 0.5 mg /kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight.
  • RNAi RNA interference agent
  • dsRNA dsRNA or the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition.
  • the effective amount or effective dose of the dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is about 0.001 mg/kg body weight to about 200 mg/kg body weight, about 0.01 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight, or about 0.5 mg /kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight.
  • the present disclosure also provides a cell comprising the aforementioned dsRNA or the aforementioned pharmaceutical composition.
  • the present disclosure also provides a kit or kit, which comprises the above dsRNA or the above pharmaceutical composition.
  • the above-mentioned dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition when the above-mentioned dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is contacted with cells expressing the target gene, as determined (for example, by psiCHECK activity screening, luciferase reporter gene assay, PCR or branched DNA (bDNA)-based methods, or protein-based methods, such as immunofluorescence analysis, Western Blot, or flow cytometry), the above-mentioned dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition will inhibit the expression of the target gene by at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25% %, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, At least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least
  • the remaining expression percentage of target gene mRNA caused by the above-mentioned dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is not higher than 99%, not higher than 95%, not higher Not higher than 90%, not higher than 85%, not higher than 80%, not higher than 75%, not higher than 70%, not higher than 65%, not higher than 60%, not higher than 55%, not higher than 50% %, not more than 45%, not more than 40%, not more than 35%, not more than 30%, not more than 25%, not more than 20%, not more than 15%, or not more than 10% .
  • the dsRNA when the above-mentioned dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is contacted with cells expressing the target gene, as determined (for example, by psiCHECK activity screening, luciferase reporter gene assay, PCR or branched DNA (bDNA)-based methods, or protein-based methods, such as immunofluorescence assays, Western Blot, or flow cytometry), the dsRNA reduces off-target activity by at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, or at least 35%, while maintaining on-target activity , at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, or at least 75%.
  • dsRNA when the above-mentioned dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition is contacted with cells expressing the target gene, as determined (for example, by psiCHECK activity screening, luciferase reporter gene assay, PCR or branched DNA (bDNA)-based methods, or protein-based methods, such as immunofluorescence assays, Western Blot, or flow cytometry), dsRNA reduces on-target activity by up to 20%, up to 19%, up to 15%, up to 10%, up to 5%, or up to 1 % while reducing off-target activity by at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70% or at least 75%.
  • dsRNA reduces on-target activity by up to 20%, up to 19%, up to 15%, up to 10%, up to 5%, or up to 1 % while reducing off-target activity by at least 20%, at least 25%
  • dsRNA when contacted with cells expressing the target gene, as determined (for example, by psiCHECK activity screening and luciferase reporter gene assay, PCR or branched DNA (bDNA) based methods, or protein-based methods, such as immunofluorescence analysis, Western Blot, or flow cytometry), dsRNA increases on-target activity by at least 1%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 25% %, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, or at least 80% of the Activity is reduced by at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, or at least 75% .
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing dsRNA or a pharmaceutical composition, which includes: synthesizing the ligand, siRNA, dsRNA or pharmaceutical composition described in the present disclosure.
  • Compounds of the present disclosure may exist in particular geometric or stereoisomeric forms. This disclosure contemplates all such compounds, including cis and trans isomers, (-)- and (+)-enantiomers, (R)- and (S)-enantiomers, diastereomers isomers, (D)-isomers, (L)-isomers, and their racemic and other mixtures, such as enantiomerically or diastereomerically enriched mixtures, all of which are within the scope of this disclosure. Additional asymmetric carbon atoms may be present in substituents such as alkyl groups. All such isomers, as well as mixtures thereof, are included within the scope of this disclosure. Compounds of the present disclosure containing asymmetric carbon atoms can be isolated in optically pure or racemic forms. Optically pure forms can be resolved from racemic mixtures or synthesized by using chiral starting materials or reagents.
  • Optically active (R)- and (S)-isomers as well as D and L-isomers can be prepared by chiral synthesis or chiral reagents or other conventional techniques. If one enantiomer of a compound of the present disclosure is desired, it can be prepared by asymmetric synthesis or derivatization with chiral auxiliary agents, wherein the resulting diastereomeric mixture is separated and the auxiliary group is cleaved to provide pure desired enantiomer.
  • a diastereoisomeric salt is formed with an appropriate optically active acid or base, and then a diastereomeric salt is formed by a conventional method known in the art. Diastereomeric resolution is performed and the pure enantiomers are recovered. Furthermore, the separation of enantiomers and diastereomers is usually accomplished by the use of chromatography using chiral stationary phases, optionally in combination with chemical derivatization methods (e.g. amines to amino groups formate).
  • the bond Indicates unassigned configuration, i.e. if chiral isomers exist in the chemical structure, the bond can be or both Two configurations.
  • the bond configuration is not specified, i.e. the key The configuration of can be E type or Z type, or contain both E and Z configurations.
  • tautomer or "tautomeric form” refers to structural isomers of different energies that can interconvert via a low energy barrier.
  • proton tautomers also known as prototropic tautomers
  • lactam-lactim isomerization
  • An example of a lactam-lactim equilibrium is between A and B as shown below.
  • the present disclosure also includes certain isotopically labeled compounds of the disclosure that are identical to those described herein, but wherein one or more atoms are replaced by an atom of an atomic mass or mass number different from that normally found in nature.
  • isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the present disclosure include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine, iodine, and chlorine, such as 2 H, 3 H, 11 C, 13 C, 14 C, 13 N, 15 N, 15 O, 17 O, 18 O, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, 123 I, 125 I and 36 Cl, etc.
  • deuterium when a position is specifically designated as deuterium (D), the position is understood to have an abundance of deuterium (i.e., at least 10 % deuterium incorporation).
  • exemplary compounds having a natural abundance greater than deuterium can be at least 1000 times more abundant deuterium, at least 2000 times more abundant deuterium, at least 3000 times more abundant deuterium, at least 4000 times more abundant deuterium, at least 5000 times more abundant deuterium, at least 6000 times more abundant deuterium, or more abundant deuterium.
  • the present disclosure also includes compounds of Formula (I), Formula (I'), Formula (II) in various deuterated forms. Each available hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom can be independently replaced by a deuterium atom.
  • deuterated starting materials can be used when preparing deuterated forms of compounds of formula (I), formula (I'), and formula (II), or they can be synthesized using conventional techniques using deuterated reagents, including But not limited to deuterated borane, trideuterioborane tetrahydrofuran solution, deuterated lithium aluminum hydride, deuterated ethyl iodide and deuterated methyl iodide, etc.
  • the "compound”, “chemical modification”, “ligand”, “dsRNA”, “nucleic acid” and “RNAi” of the present disclosure can be independently salt, mixed salt or non-salt (such as free acid or in the form of the free base).
  • a salt or mixed salt it may be a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” may be selected from inorganic salts or organic salts, and may also include pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt” refers to a salt formed with an inorganic or organic acid that retains the biological effectiveness of the free base without other side effects.
  • Inorganic acid salts include but not limited to hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, etc.
  • organic acid salts include but not limited to formate, acetate, 2,2-dichloroacetate , Trifluoroacetate, Propionate, Caproate, Caprylate, Caprate, Undecylenate, Glycolate, Gluconate, Lactate, Sebacate, Hexanoate glutarate, malonate, oxalate, maleate, succinate, fumarate, tartrate, citrate, palmitate, stearate, oleate , cinnamate, laurate, malate, glutamate, pyroglutamate, aspartate, benzoate, mesylate, benzenesulfonate, p
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salt” refers to a salt formed with an inorganic base or an organic base that can maintain the biological effectiveness of the free acid without other side effects.
  • Salts derived from inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, aluminum, and the like.
  • Preferred inorganic salts are ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium salts, preferably sodium salts.
  • Salts derived from organic bases include, but are not limited to, those of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, substituted amines, including natural substituted amines, cyclic amines, and basic ion exchange resins , such as ammonia, isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, 2-diethylaminoethanol, bicyclic Hexylamine, Lysine, Arginine, Histidine, Caffeine, Procaine, Choline, Betaine, Ethylenediamine, Glucosamine, Methylglucamine, Theobromine, Purine, Piperazine, Piperazine Pyridine, N-ethylpiperidine, polyamine resin, etc.
  • Preferred organic bases include isopropylamine, diethylamine, ethanolamine, trimethylamine,
  • Alkyl refers to a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, such as straight chain and branched chain groups (C 1 -C 30 alkyl groups) including 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and for example, alkyl groups containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C 1 -C 6 alkyl), another example is an alkyl (C 1 -C 3 alkyl) having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl and various branched isomers, etc.
  • alkenyl refers to a hydrocarbon group containing at least one double bond.
  • alkenyl include, but are not limited to, ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, or 2-butenyl, and various branched isomers thereof.
  • alkynyl refers to a hydrocarbon group containing at least one triple bond.
  • alkynyl include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, or 2-butynyl, and various branched isomers thereof.
  • alkoxy refers to -O-(alkyl), wherein alkyl is as defined above.
  • alkoxy include: methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy.
  • Cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon substituent, the cycloalkyl ring contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably contains 3 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably contains 5-6 carbon atom.
  • monocyclic cycloalkyls include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, etc.; multicyclic cycloalkyls include spiro Cycloalkyls of rings, parallel rings and bridged rings.
  • Heterocycloalkyl means a saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic or polycyclic cyclic hydrocarbon substituent containing 3 to 20 ring atoms, one or more of which is selected from nitrogen, oxygen or S(O) m (where m is an integer from 0 to 2), but excluding ring portions of -OO-, -OS- or -SS-, the remaining ring atoms being carbon. Preferably it contains 3 to 12 ring atoms, of which 1 to 4 are heteroatoms; more preferably it contains 3 to 7 ring atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples of “heterocycloalkyl” include:
  • heterocycloalkyl ring may be fused to an aryl or heteroaryl ring, wherein the ring bonded to the parent structure is a heterocycloalkyl, non-limiting examples of which include:
  • Aryl means a 6 to 14 membered all-carbon monocyclic or fused polycyclic (that is, rings sharing adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) group, preferably 6 to 12 membered, having a conjugated pi-electron system, such as phenyl and naphthyl.
  • the aryl ring may be fused to a heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl or cycloalkyl ring, where the ring bonded to the parent structure is an aryl ring, non-limiting examples of which include:
  • Heteroaryl refers to a heteroaromatic system comprising 1 to 4 heteroatoms, 5 to 14 ring atoms, wherein the heteroatoms are selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.
  • the heteroaryl group is preferably 6 to 12 membered, more preferably 5 or 6 membered.
  • Non-limiting examples thereof include: imidazolyl, furyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrrolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl , Thiadiazole, pyrazinyl, triazolyl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, wait.
  • the heteroaryl ring may be fused to an aryl, heterocycloalkyl or cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring bonded to the parent structure is a heteroaryl ring, non-limiting examples of which include:
  • hydroxyl refers to a -OH group.
  • halogen refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
  • cyano refers to -CN.
  • amino refers to -NH2 .
  • nitro refers to -NO2 .
  • the "phosphate group” may be a phosphoric monoester group, a phosphoric diester group or a phosphoric triester group, preferably a phosphoric diester group.
  • phosphorothioate group refers to a phosphodiester group modified by replacing a non-bridging oxygen atom with a sulfur atom, which can be used (M is an S atom) are used interchangeably.
  • substitution means that one or more hydrogen atoms in a group, preferably up to 5, more preferably 1 to 3 hydrogen atoms, are independently replaced by a corresponding number of substituents.
  • two (2) hydrogens on the atom are replaced.
  • the group middle It can be replaced by any group that can achieve linkage with adjacent nucleotides.
  • linked when referring to a link between two molecules, means that two molecules are connected by a covalent bond or that two molecules are associated by a non-covalent bond (for example, a hydrogen bond or an ionic bond), including direct connection, indirect connect.
  • a non-covalent bond for example, a hydrogen bond or an ionic bond
  • directly linked means that a first compound or group is linked to a second compound or group without any intervening atoms or groups of atoms.
  • directly linked means that a first compound or group is linked to a second compound or group through an intervening group, compound or molecule (eg, a linking group).
  • “Pharmaceutical composition” means a mixture containing one or more compounds described herein, or a physiologically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, and other chemical components, as well as other components such as physiologically acceptable carriers and excipients. Forming agent.
  • the purpose of the pharmaceutical composition is to promote the administration to the organism, facilitate the absorption of the active ingredient and thus exert biological activity.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients” include, but are not limited to, any adjuvants, carriers, glidants, sweeteners, diluents, preservatives, dyes/colorants approved for use in humans or livestock animals , flavoring agent, surfactant, wetting agent, dispersing agent, suspending agent, stabilizing agent, isotonic agent, buffering agent, solvent or emulsifying agent.
  • the term “inhibit”, is used interchangeably with “reduce”, “silence”, “downregulate”, “suppress” and other similar terms, and includes any level of inhibition. Inhibition can be assessed by a reduction in the absolute or relative level of one or more of these variables compared to control levels.
  • the control level can be any type of control level used in the art, such as a pre-dose baseline level or from a similar untreated or control (eg buffer only or inert control) treated subject, cell , or sample-determined levels.
  • the residual expression of mRNA can be used to characterize the degree of inhibition of siRNA (or dsRNA) on target gene expression, such as the remaining expression of mRNA is not higher than 99%, not higher than 95%, not higher than 90%, not higher than 85%, not higher than 80%, not higher than 75%, not higher than 70%, not higher than 65%, not higher than 60%, not higher than 55%, not higher than 50%, not higher than 45% , not higher than 40%, not higher than 35%, not higher than 30%, not higher than 25%, not higher than 20%, not higher than 15%, or not higher than 10%.
  • an “effective amount” or “effective dose” includes an amount sufficient to ameliorate or prevent a symptom or condition of a medical condition. Effective amount also means an amount sufficient to allow or facilitate diagnosis. Effective amounts for a particular patient or veterinary subject may vary depending on factors such as the condition being treated, the general health of the patient, the method, route and dosage of administration, and the severity of side effects. An effective amount may be the maximum dose or dosing regimen that avoids significant side effects or toxic effects.
  • subject As used herein, “subject”, “patient”, “subject” or “individual” are used interchangeably and include humans or non-human animals such as mammals such as humans or monkeys.
  • sense strand also known as SS, SS strand or sense strand
  • antisense strand also known as AS or AS strand
  • AS or AS strand refers to The strand having a sequence complementary to the target mRNA sequence
  • the "5' region” of the sense strand or the antisense strand can be used interchangeably.
  • the 2nd to 8th nucleotides in the 5' region of the antisense strand can also be replaced with the 2nd to 8th nucleotides from the 5' end of the antisense strand.
  • the "3' region”, “3' end” and “3' end” of the sense strand or the antisense strand can also be used interchangeably.
  • the term "differs from the nucleotide sequence of any of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 4 by no more than 3 nucleotides and contains at least 15 "Contiguous nucleotides” is intended to mean that the siRNA sense strand described herein comprises at least 15 contiguous nucleotides of any one of the sense strands of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 4, or with SEQ ID NO: 1 At least 15 consecutive nucleotides in any sense strand of SEQ ID NO: 4 differ by no more than 3 nucleotide sequences (optionally, differ by no more than 2 nucleotide sequences, optionally, differ by 1 nucleotide sequence).
  • the siRNA sense strand described herein comprises at least 16 consecutive nucleotides of any sense strand of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 4, or with SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 4 At least 16 consecutive nucleotides of any sense strand differ by no more than 3 nucleotide sequences (optionally, differ by no more than 2 nucleotide sequences, optionally, differ by 1 nucleotide sequence) .
  • the term "differs from any of the antisense strands of SEQ ID NO: 5 to SEQ ID NO: 8 by no more than 3 nucleotide sequences and contains at least 15 contiguous nuclei Nucleotide” is intended to mean that the siRNA antisense strand described herein comprises at least 15 consecutive nucleotides of any antisense strand in SEQ ID NO: 5 to SEQ ID NO: 8, or the same sequence as SEQ ID NO: 5 to SEQ ID NO: ID NO: At least 15 consecutive nucleotides of any antisense strand in 8 differ by no more than 3 nucleotide sequences (optionally, differ by no more than 2 nucleotide sequences, optionally, differ by 1 core nucleotide sequence).
  • G", “C”, “A”, “T” and “U” respectively represent nucleotides, which respectively contain guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymidine base with uracil.
  • I is equivalent to a nucleotide comprising the nucleobase hypoxanthine.
  • the term inosine as used in this disclosure is equivalent to a nucleoside comprising hypoxanthine and a sugar or modified sugar.
  • a lowercase letter d indicates that a nucleotide adjacent to the downstream of the letter d is a deoxyribonucleotide
  • a lowercase letter m indicates that a nucleotide adjacent to the upstream of the letter m is 2 '-Methoxy-modified nucleotide
  • the lowercase letter f indicates that a nucleotide adjacent to the upstream of the letter f is a 2'-fluoro-modified nucleotide
  • the lowercase letter s indicates that the left and right adjacent to the letter s There is a phosphorothioate linkage between the two nucleotides.
  • 2'-fluoro (2'-F) modified nucleotide refers to a nucleotide in which the hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose group of the nucleotide is replaced by fluorine
  • non-fluorine Modified nucleotides refer to nucleotides or nucleotide analogues in which the hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose group of a nucleotide is replaced by a non-fluorine group.
  • 2'-methoxy (2'-OMe) modified nucleotide refers to a nucleotide in which the 2'-hydroxyl group of the ribose group is substituted with a methoxy group.
  • nucleotide difference exists between a nucleotide sequence and another nucleotide sequence, which means that the base type of the nucleotide at the same position has changed between the former and the latter, For example, when a nucleotide base in the latter is A, and the corresponding nucleotide base at the same position in the former is U, C, G or T, it is recognized as a difference between the two nucleotide sequences. There is a nucleotide difference at this position. In some embodiments, a nucleotide difference at a position is also considered to have occurred when an abasic nucleotide or its equivalent is substituted for the nucleotide at that position.
  • the terms "complementary” or “reverse complementary” are used interchangeably and have the meaning known to those skilled in the art, that is, in a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule, the bases of one strand interact with the other. The bases on the strand pair up in a complementary fashion.
  • the purine base adenine always pairs with the pyrimidine base thymine (or, in RNA, uracil); the purine base guanine always pairs with the pyrimidine base cytosine.
  • Each base pair consists of a purine and a pyrimidine.
  • mismatch in the art means that in a double-stranded nucleic acid, the bases at the corresponding positions are not paired in a complementary form.
  • chemical modification includes all alterations of nucleotides by chemical means, such as the addition or removal of chemical moieties, or the substitution of one chemical moiety for another.
  • dsRNA refers to a double-stranded RNA molecule capable of RNA interference, comprising a sense strand and an antisense strand.
  • base includes any known DNA and RNA base, base analogs such as purine or pyrimidine, which also includes the natural compounds adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, inosine and Natural analogs. Base analogs can also be universal bases.
  • blunt end or blunt end are used interchangeably and refer to the absence of unpaired nucleotides or nucleotide analogs at a given end of an siRNA, ie, no nucleotide overhangs. In most cases, siRNAs with both blunt-ended ends will be double-stranded throughout their entire length.
  • the siRNA provided in the present disclosure can be obtained by conventional preparation methods in the art (such as solid-phase synthesis and liquid-phase synthesis). Among them, solid-phase synthesis has commercialized customized services.
  • a modified nucleotide group can be introduced into the siRNA described in the present disclosure by using a correspondingly modified nucleoside monomer, a method for preparing a correspondingly modified nucleoside monomer and introducing a modified nucleotide group Methods of siRNA are also well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the “combined use” and “combined use” described in this disclosure are a kind of administration method, which refers to the administration of at least one dose of dsRNA and at least one dose of another therapeutic agent within a certain period of time, wherein the administered Drugs all show pharmacological effects.
  • the dsRNA and another therapeutic agent can be administered simultaneously or sequentially. This term includes treatments in which the dsRNA is administered with another therapeutic agent by the same route of administration or by a different route of administration.
  • the mode of administration of the combinations described in the present disclosure is selected from simultaneous administration, separate formulation and co-administration or separate formulation and sequential administration.
  • Figure 1 shows the remaining mRNA expression levels in TTR of TRD002218 and TRD007205 on the 7th day after administration.
  • Figure 2 shows the remaining mRNA expression levels in TTR of TRD002218 and TRD007205 on day 28 after administration.
  • Figure 3 is the results of exonuclease stability gel electrophoresis experiments.
  • Fig. 4 is the quantitative result of 5' exonuclease stability experiment.
  • Figure 5 is the quantitative result of the 3' exonuclease stability experiment.
  • Embodiment 1 Preparation of chemical modification
  • Racemate compound 6 was passed through a chiral column (Daicel IE 250*4.6mm, 5 ⁇ m, A: n-hexane, B: ethanol) resolved to obtain 410mg 6A(-) and 435mg 6B(+).
  • compound 5 (6.8 g, 18.581 mmol) was dissolved in pyridine (80 mL), and TMSCl (14.250 mL, 111.489 mmol) was slowly added at 0° C., and stirred for 2 h. Then isobutyryl chloride (2.044 mL, 19.511 mmol) was added at 0°C and stirred at 25°C for 1 h. LCMS showed the reaction was complete.
  • reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (200mL) and water (200mL), the organic phase was dried and spin-dried, and the mixed sample was purified by a forward column (PE:EtOAc was passed through the column, and the peak was at 84%) to obtain yellow oily compound 7 (12g).
  • Embodiment 2 the synthesis of siRNA
  • dsRNA dsRNA
  • phosphoramidite monomer synthesized above is used to replace the original nucleotide of the parent sequence.
  • the synthesis process is briefly described as follows: On Dr. Oligo48 synthesizer (Biolytic), start with Universal CPG carrier, and link nucleoside phosphoramidite monomers one by one according to the synthesis procedure.
  • nucleoside phosphoramidite monomer at the 5' 7th position of the AS chain described above, other nucleoside monomer raw materials such as 2'-F RNA, 2'-O-methyl RNA and other nucleoside phosphoramidite monomers can be purchased From Shanghai Zhaowei or Suzhou Jima.
  • ETT 5-ethylthio-1H-tetrazole
  • PADS 0.22M PADS dissolved in acetonitrile and collidine
  • the oligoribonucleotide is cleaved from the solid support, and soaked at 50° C. for 16 hours using a 3:1 28% ammonia water and ethanol solution. Then centrifuged, the supernatant was transferred to another centrifuge tube, concentrated and evaporated to dryness, purified by C18 reverse chromatography, the mobile phase was 0.1M TEAA and acetonitrile, and 3% trifluoroacetic acid solution was used to remove DMTr.
  • the target oligonucleotides were collected and freeze-dried, identified as the target product by LC-MS, and then quantified by UV (260nm).
  • the obtained single-stranded oligonucleotides were annealed according to the equimolar ratio and complementary pairing, and finally the obtained double-stranded dsRNA was dissolved in 1 ⁇ PBS and adjusted to the required concentration for the experiment.
  • Lipo 0.2 ⁇ L/well
  • plasmid 0.05 ⁇ L/well
  • Opti-MEM 10 ⁇ L/well.
  • hmpNA from nucleotides synthesized from 2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol as the starting material
  • (+)hmpNA(A) is obtained by solid-phase synthesis of the nucleoside phosphoramidite monomer 1-1b in Example 1.1, and the absolute configuration is (S)-hmpNA(A);
  • (-)hmpNA(A) is obtained by solid-phase synthesis of nucleoside phosphoramidite monomer 1-1a in Example 1.1, and its absolute configuration is (R)-hmpNA(A);
  • (+)hmpNA(G) the absolute configuration is (S)-hmpNA(G);
  • (+)hmpNA(C) the absolute configuration is (S)-hmpNA(C);
  • (+)hmpNA(U) the absolute configuration is (R)-hmpNA(U);
  • TJ-NA067 The detected crystal is a colorless block (0.30 ⁇ 0.10 ⁇ 0.04mm 3 ), which belongs to the space group P21 of the monoclinic crystal system.
  • the detected crystal is a colorless block (0.30 ⁇ 0.20 ⁇ 0.10mm 3 ), belonging to the monoclinic crystal system P21 space group.
  • TJ-NA048 The detected crystal is colorless needle-shaped (0.30 ⁇ 0.04 ⁇ 0.04mm3), belonging to the monoclinic P1 space group.
  • uppercase letters G, A, C, and U represent nucleotides containing guanine, adenine, cytosine, and uracil, respectively
  • lowercase letter m represents 2'-methoxy modification
  • lowercase letter f represents 2 '-Fluoro modification
  • the lowercase letter s indicates that the two nucleotides adjacent to the letter s are linked by phosphorothioate groups; the same below.
  • the starting material Compound 1 was purchased from Jiangsu Beida Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.
  • TMSCN (13.5mL, 101mmol) was added to a solution of compound 2 (13.0g, 33.6mmol) in DCM (300mL) at one time, followed by dropwise addition of TMSOTf (9.14mL, 50.5mmol) in DCM (30 mL) solution. The reaction solution was stirred at 20°C for 15 hours.

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