WO2023103244A1 - 一种双层引向器及多频基站天线阵列 - Google Patents

一种双层引向器及多频基站天线阵列 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103244A1
WO2023103244A1 PCT/CN2022/086852 CN2022086852W WO2023103244A1 WO 2023103244 A1 WO2023103244 A1 WO 2023103244A1 CN 2022086852 W CN2022086852 W CN 2022086852W WO 2023103244 A1 WO2023103244 A1 WO 2023103244A1
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Prior art keywords
frequency
double
director
metal copper
layer
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PCT/CN2022/086852
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张劭
吴壁群
吴泽海
张鹏
罗本波
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广东博纬通信科技有限公司
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Priority to EP22893991.4A priority Critical patent/EP4266489A4/en
Publication of WO2023103244A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103244A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/42—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre

Definitions

  • the patent of the present invention relates to the technical field of base station antennas, in particular to a double-layer director and a multi-frequency base station antenna array using the same.
  • Multi-port wide-band base station antennas can design more antenna arrays without increasing the antenna width, which will reduce the distance between the arrays and increase the mutual influence between the arrays. It has a consistent and stable radiation pattern inside. It is a good choice to add a director above the radiation unit. The parasitic effect between the director and the oscillator can make the antenna radiation wave radiate in the normal radiation direction. The increase in array height is traded for a decrease in planar size. However, when the number of directors increases or the size is large, resonance will occur when the antenna is working, which will affect the performance of the antenna itself.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to at least solve one of the defects in the prior art proposed in the background technology.
  • the following technical solutions are adopted:
  • the present invention proposes a double-layer guider, which includes a first guider and a second guider installed above the first guider, the second guider
  • the director includes a dielectric substrate and a split metal copper foil installed on the dielectric substrate.
  • the split metal copper foil includes a plurality of small metal copper foils, and the plurality of small metal copper foils are periodically arranged around the center of the second director.
  • a further improvement is that the number of the small metal copper foils is at least four.
  • a further improvement is that the number of the small metal copper foils is twelve.
  • a further improvement is that the side length of the small metal copper foil is less than 0.25 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna.
  • a further improvement is that the shape of the small metal copper foil is fan-shaped or fan-shaped.
  • a further improvement is that the first guide is made of a whole piece of metal sheet.
  • a further improvement is that the shape of the metal sheet is circular or polygonal.
  • the second aspect of the present invention proposes a multi-frequency base station antenna array, including a reflector and a high-frequency array and a low-frequency array arranged on the reflector, the high-frequency array includes several high-frequency radiation units, and the low-frequency array includes A plurality of low-frequency radiation units, the high-frequency radiation unit is distributed below the low-frequency radiation unit, and a double-layer director as described in any one of the first aspect is also arranged directly above the high-frequency radiation unit .
  • a further improvement is that the number of the high-frequency array and the low-frequency array is two columns.
  • the invention reduces the influence of the resonant current of the director on the high-frequency radiation unit itself by arranging split-type metal copper foil on the dielectric substrate, avoids resonance when the antenna is working, improves the performance of the antenna, and simplifies the radiation at the same time
  • the boundary of the unit and reduce the coupling and mutual interference between the high and low frequency radiation units, avoid the superposition of scattered waves and cause the distortion of the pattern, so that the multi-frequency base station antenna has a consistent and stable horizontal half-power lobe width and gain in the working frequency band .
  • Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a kind of double-deck director of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a top view schematic diagram of four small metal copper foils in a double-layer director of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the plan view schematic diagram that the shape of the small metal copper foil in a kind of double-layer director of the present invention is fan ring;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-frequency base station antenna array according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of half-power lobe width variation of the horizontal plane pattern of the antenna array after loading different types of double-layer directors.
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention proposes a double-layer director, which is mainly used in multi-frequency base station antenna arrays, as shown in Figure 1, the double-layer director includes the first A guide 1 and a second guide 2, the second guide 2 is installed directly above the first guide 1. Specifically, the first guide 1 and the second guide 2 can be connected and fixed through insulating support columns.
  • the first director 1 is composed of a whole piece of metal sheet, its shape is circular, and its diameter is between 0.15 ⁇ -0.5 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna,
  • the metal sheet may also be a square or polygonal metal sheet and is not limited to a circle, which can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.
  • the second guider 2 is a split-type guider, which is made of a PCB board, and the second guider 2 includes a dielectric substrate 22 and is installed on the dielectric substrate The split metal copper foil 21 on 22, wherein the dielectric substrate 22 plays the role of supporting the split metal copper foil 21.
  • the split metal copper foil 21 includes a plurality of small metal copper foils 211, each of which is a petal, and the plurality of small metal copper foils 211 are periodically arranged around the center of the second director 2 at intervals.
  • the number of the small metal copper foils 211 is at least four pieces, for example, four pieces, five pieces, six pieces, etc., as shown in FIG. A schematic top view of four copper foils.
  • the shape of the small metal copper foil 211 may be fan-shaped or fan-shaped.
  • the split metal copper foil 21 is formed by twelve fan-shaped small metal copper foils 211 periodically arranged around the center of the second director 2 at intervals.
  • the small metal copper foil 211 can also be other polygons, such as fan-shaped, as shown in Figure 3, the split metal copper foil 21 is composed of twelve small fan-shaped The metal copper foils 211 are periodically arranged around the center of the second director 2 .
  • the split metal copper foil 21 may also be formed by periodically arranging four fan-shaped small metal copper foils 211 around the center of the second director 2 at intervals.
  • each fan-shaped small piece of metal copper foil 211 is smaller than 0.25 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna.
  • the second aspect of this embodiment proposes a multi-frequency base station antenna array
  • the multi-frequency base station antenna array includes a reflector and a high-frequency array and a low-frequency array arranged on the reflector
  • the The high-frequency array includes several high-frequency radiation units 3
  • the low-frequency array includes several low-frequency radiation units 4, wherein the high-frequency array and the low-frequency array are all provided with two columns, and the high-frequency radiation units 3 are distributed in the low-frequency radiation unit 4
  • the multi-frequency base station antenna array also includes a double-layer director described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the double-layer director is distributed and arranged on the front of each high-frequency radiation unit 3 above.
  • Fig. 5 shows the horizontal half of the array antenna adding two layers of common metal directors of the same size and adding the double-layer director of the present invention.
  • the power lobe width change curve is compared, and it can be seen from Fig.
  • the half-power lobe width in the working frequency band of the antenna is more convergent, and the more the number of lobes, the more the half-power in the working frequency band The more convergent the lobe width is, this is due to the introduction of the split-lobe director, which not only avoids the influence of the director's resonance on the antenna high-frequency array itself, but also reduces the coupling and mutual interference between the high and low frequency radiating units. Avoid superposition of scattered waves to distort the pattern.
  • the beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is: the present invention produces multiple effects simultaneously by arranging the split-type metal copper foil 211 on the dielectric substrate 22, which not only weakens the resonant current of the director to the high-frequency radiation unit 3 itself At the same time, it also simplifies the boundary of the radiation unit and reduces the coupling and mutual interference between the high and low frequency radiation units, avoiding the superposition of scattered waves and distorting the pattern, so that the multi-frequency base station antenna has a consistent and stable in the working frequency band Horizontal half power lobe width and gain.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明专利涉及基站天线技术领域，特别是涉及一种双层引向器及应用其的多频基站天线阵列。所述双层引向器包括第一引向器和安装在所述第一引向器上方的第二引向器，所述第二引向器包括介质基片和安装在所述介质基片上的分瓣型金属铜箔。本发明通过在介质基片上设置分瓣型金属铜箔，减弱了引向器的谐振电流对高频辐射单元本身的影响，同时也简化了辐射单元的边界和减轻高低频辐射单元之间发生耦合和相互干扰，避免散射波的叠加使方向图发生畸变，使多频基站天线在工作频带内具有一致且稳定的水平半功率波瓣宽度和增益。

Description

一种双层引向器及多频基站天线阵列 技术领域
本发明专利涉及基站天线技术领域，特别是涉及一种双层引向器及应用其的多频基站天线阵列。
背景技术
随着移动通信行业的迅速发展，人们对移动网络的要求逐步提高，且在当前2G、3G、4G和5G网络共存和铁塔资源紧张的大环境下，要求基站天线向多频化、小型化的演进，因此多端口宽频段基站天线越来越受到市场青睐。
多端口宽频段基站天线在不增加天线宽度的情况下，设计出更多的天线阵列，这会使各阵列之间间距变小，阵列之间相互影响增大，这种情况下要求在工作频带内具有一致且稳定的辐射方向图，在辐射单元上方添加引向器是一种不错的选择，利用引向器与振子之间的寄生效应可以使天线辐射波按正常的辐射方向辐射，实现用阵列高度的增加换取平面尺寸的减小。但当引向器增多或尺寸较大，天线工作时会发生共振，影响天线本身的性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于至少解决背景技术中所提出的现有技术中存在的缺陷之一，为实现本发明的目的，采用以下技术方案：
第一方面，本发明提出一种双层引向器，所述双层引向器包括第一引向器和安装在所述第一引向器上方的第二引向器，所述第二引向器包括介质基片和安装在所述介质基片上的分瓣型金属铜箔。
进一步的改进在于，所述分瓣型金属铜箔包括多块小金属铜箔，多块所述小金属铜箔围绕所述第二引向器的中心间隔地周期排列。
进一步的改进在于，所述小金属铜箔的数量至少为四块。
进一步的改进在于，所述小金属铜箔的数量为十二块。
进一步的改进在于，所述小金属铜箔的边长小于0.25λ，其中λ为天线工作的中心频率的波长。
进一步的改进在于，所述小金属铜箔的形状为扇形或者扇环形。
进一步的改进在于，所述第一引向器由整块的金属片构成。
进一步的改进在于，所述金属片的形状为圆形或者多边形。
本发明第二方面提出一种多频基站天线阵列，包括反射板以及设置在所述反射板上的高频阵列和低频阵列，所述高频阵列包括若干高频辐射单元，所述低频阵列包括若干低频辐射单元，所述高频辐射单元分布在所述低频辐射单元的下方，所述高频辐射单元的正上方还设置有如第一方面中任意一项所述的一种双层引向器。
进一步的改进在于，所述高频阵列和低频阵列的数量均为两列。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明通过在介质基片上设置分瓣型金属铜箔，减弱了引向器的谐振电流对高频辐射单元本身的影响，避免了天线工作时发生共振，提高天线的性能，同时也简化了辐射单元的边界和减轻高低频辐射单元之间发生耦合和相互干扰，避免散射波的叠加使方向图发生畸变，使多频基站天线在工作频带内具有一致且稳定的水平半功率波瓣宽度和增益。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种双层引向器的整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种双层引向器中小金属铜箔的数量为四块的俯视示意图；
图3为本发明一种双层引向器中小金属铜箔的形状为扇环形的俯视示意图；
图4为本发明一种多频基站天线阵列的整体结构示意图；
图5为加载不同类型的双层引向器后天线阵列水平面方向图的半功率波瓣宽度变化示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、第一引向器；2、第二引向器；3、高频辐射单元；4、低频辐射单元；21、分瓣型金属铜箔；22、介质基片；211、小金属铜箔。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此附图仅显示与本发明有关的构成。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“安装在”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是 “连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“与”、“和”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请参考附图1-附图5，本发明实施例第一方面提出一种双层引向器，主要应用于多频基站天线阵列，如图1所示，所述双层引向器包括第一引向器1和第二引向器2，所述第二引向器2安装在第一引向器1的正上方。具体地，所述第一引向器1和第二引向器2之间可以通过绝缘支撑柱进行连接固定。
优选地，所述第一引向器1是由一整块的金属片所构成，其形状为圆形，其直径在0.15λ-0.5λ之间，其中λ为天线工作的中心频率的波长，另外，所述金属片也可以是方形的或者多边形的金属片而不仅仅限于圆形，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要而设定即可。
在本实施例中，所述第二引向器2为分瓣型引向器，其由PCB板制成，所述第二引向器2包括介质基片22和安装在所述介质基片22上的分瓣型金属铜箔21，其中，所述介质基片22起到支撑分瓣型金属铜箔21的作用。
所述分瓣型金属铜箔21包括多块小金属铜箔211，每一块即为一瓣，多块所述小金属铜箔211围绕所述第二引向器2的中心间隔地 周期排列。
在本实施例中，所述小金属铜箔211的数量至少为四块，例如可以是四块、五块、六块等，如图2所示为本发明一种双层引向器中小金属铜箔的数量为四块的俯视示意图。
在本实施例中，所述小金属铜箔211的形状可以为扇形或者扇环形。
如图1所示，在其中一个实施例中，所述分瓣型金属铜箔21是由十二块扇形的小金属铜箔211围绕第二引向器2的中心间隔地周期排列而成。在另外的一些实施例中，所述小金属铜箔211也可以是其它多边形，例如是扇环形，如图3所示，所述分瓣型金属铜箔21是由十二块扇环形的小金属铜箔211围绕第二引向器2的中心间隔地周期排列而成。当然，所述分瓣型金属铜箔21也可以是由四块扇环形的小金属铜箔211围绕第二引向器2的中心间隔地周期排列而成。
其中，每块扇形的小块金属铜箔211的半径都小于0.25λ，其中λ为天线工作的中心频率的波长。
如图4所示，本实施例第二方面提出了一种多频基站天线阵列，所述多频基站天线阵列包括反射板以及设置在所述反射板上的高频阵列和低频阵列，所述高频阵列包括若干高频辐射单元3，所述低频阵列包括若干低频辐射单元4，其中，高频阵列和低频阵列均设置有两列，所述高频辐射单元3分布在所述低频辐射单元4的下方，所述多频基站天线阵列还包括上述实施例中任意一项所述的一种双层引向器，所述双层引向器分布设置在每个高频辐射单元3的正上方。
为充分展示本发明所述之分瓣型引向器的效用，图5所示为加入同样大小的两层普通金属引向器和加入本发明中的双层引向器的阵列天线的水平面半功率波瓣宽度变化曲线对比，由图5可以看出加入本发明的分瓣型引向器后，天线工作频段内的半功率波瓣宽度更加收敛，且瓣数越多工作频段内的半功率波瓣宽度越收敛，这是由于分瓣型引向器的引入，不仅避免了引向器的共振对天线高频阵列本身的影响，同时也减轻高低频辐射单元之间发生耦合和相互干扰，避免散射波的叠加使方向图发生畸变。
本发明实施例的有益效果是：本发明通过在介质基片22上设置分瓣型金属铜箔211，同时产生了多个效果，既减弱了引向器的谐振电流对高频辐射单元3本身的影响，同时也简化了辐射单元的边界和减轻高低频辐射单元之间发生耦合和相互干扰，避免散射波的叠加使方向图发生畸变，使多频基站天线在工作频带内具有一致且稳定的水平半功率波瓣宽度和增益。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的具体实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述双层引向器包括第一引向器和安装在所述第一引向器上方的第二引向器，所述第二引向器包括介质基片和安装在所述介质基片上的分瓣型金属铜箔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述分瓣型金属铜箔包括多块小金属铜箔，多块所述小金属铜箔围绕所述第二引向器的中心间隔地周期排列。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述小金属铜箔的数量至少为四块。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述小金属铜箔的数量为十二块。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述小金属铜箔的边长小于0.25λ，其中λ为天线工作的中心频率的波长。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5中任意一项所述的一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述小金属铜箔的形状为扇形或者扇环形。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述第一引向器由整块的金属片构成。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种双层引向器，其特征在于，所述金属片的形状为圆形或者多边形。
  9. 一种多频基站天线阵列，其特征在于，包括反射板以及设置在所述反射板上的高频阵列和低频阵列，所述高频阵列包括若干高频辐射单元，所述低频阵列包括若干低频辐射单元，所述高频辐射单元分布在所述低频辐射单元的下方，所述高频辐射单元的正上方还设置有 如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的一种双层引向器。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种多频基站天线阵列，其特征在于，所述高频阵列和低频阵列的数量均为两列。
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