WO2023101115A1 - 고순도의 1-(1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-일)-2-메틸피페리딘 단일 이성질체의 제조방법 - Google Patents
고순도의 1-(1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-일)-2-메틸피페리딘 단일 이성질체의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023101115A1 WO2023101115A1 PCT/KR2022/007010 KR2022007010W WO2023101115A1 WO 2023101115 A1 WO2023101115 A1 WO 2023101115A1 KR 2022007010 W KR2022007010 W KR 2022007010W WO 2023101115 A1 WO2023101115 A1 WO 2023101115A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- propan
- benzylphenoxy
- methylpiperidine
- isomers
- hydrochloride
- Prior art date
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- WETOQNRQZCDGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl]-2-methylpiperidine Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(OCC(C)N2C(CCCC2)C)C=CC=C1 WETOQNRQZCDGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 (1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol) -methylpiperidine Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical class [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 17
- LHJUTIWDMKWNPR-ZDUSSCGKSA-N (2S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol Chemical compound [H][C@@](C)(O)COC1=C(CC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC=C1 LHJUTIWDMKWNPR-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CDMGNVWZXRKJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzylphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CDMGNVWZXRKJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-VKHMYHEASA-N (4s)-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C[C@H]1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 238000004296 chiral HPLC Methods 0.000 description 20
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 17
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- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- NNWUEBIEOFQMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+)-(S)-2-methylpiperidine Natural products CC1CCCCN1 NNWUEBIEOFQMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-GSVOUGTGSA-N R-propylene oxide Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-GSVOUGTGSA-N (4r)-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C[C@@H]1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000012292 cell migration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012069 chiral reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LHJUTIWDMKWNPR-CYBMUJFWSA-N (2R)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol Chemical class [H][C@](C)(O)COC1=C(CC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC=C1 LHJUTIWDMKWNPR-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NNWUEBIEOFQMSS-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (2r)-2-methylpiperidine Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CCCCN1 NNWUEBIEOFQMSS-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010027476 Metastases Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009401 metastasis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010965 in-process control Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-XVKPBYJWSA-N (R)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-XVKPBYJWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTUQXGZRVLWBCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1-[2-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy]propan-2-yl]piperidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C(C)COC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 JTUQXGZRVLWBCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010037362 Extracellular Matrix Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000010834 Extracellular Matrix Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960001871 benproperine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002744 extracellular matrix Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WETOQNRQZCDGOP-RBUKOAKNSA-N (2S)-1-[(2R)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl]-2-methylpiperidine Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(OC[C@@H](C)N2[C@H](CCCC2)C)C=CC=C1 WETOQNRQZCDGOP-RBUKOAKNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETOQNRQZCDGOP-OALUTQOASA-N (2S)-1-[(2S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl]-2-methylpiperidine Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(OC[C@H](C)N2[C@H](CCCC2)C)C=CC=C1 WETOQNRQZCDGOP-OALUTQOASA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNWUEBIEOFQMSS-LURJTMIESA-N (2s)-2-methylpiperidine Chemical compound C[C@H]1CCCCN1 NNWUEBIEOFQMSS-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003505 Myosin Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000954 anitussive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHPORCSPXIHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC[NH+](C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PCHPORCSPXIHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D211/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms by oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing single isomer of 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine with high purity.
- cancer metastasis like cancer development, is achieved through the complex action of various genes and factors involved in migration and invasion of cancer cells.
- Cancer cell migration plays an important role in cancer metastasis.
- vascular endothelial cells migrate from the new blood vessels when cancer cells migrate from the initial primary site through the extracellular matrix (ECM) into the blood vessels or out of the blood vessels in the second metastatic tissue. get involved when In migrating cells, polarity is induced by signal receptors activated by cell migration inducers.
- ECM extracellular matrix
- the cell membrane in front of the cell is extended forward by polymerization of actin, and the cell attaches to the interstitium through integrin. At this time, a strong contractile force is formed between the actin polymers by myosin bound to the actin polymer, thereby imparting a strong contractile force to the entire cell.
- cell migration inhibitors suppress cancer cell migration to prevent further spread of metastasis, and allow the administration of anticancer drugs that induce the death of cancer cells in a state where migration is inhibited, thereby prolonging the life of cancer patients. approach is considered.
- benproperine which is commercially available as an antitussive expectorant, can effectively inhibit cancer metastasis by blocking cancer cell migration and inhibiting angiogenesis (Korean Patent No. 10-1323728, US Patent Registration). 8716288, etc.). Furthermore, by synthesizing various derivatives of the benproperine and confirming their activity, double CG-609, especially (S,R)-form (R)-1-((S)-1-(2-benzylphenone) It has been confirmed that si)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine exhibits remarkably excellent activity.
- (R)-propylene oxide which is a reactant used to selectively synthesize the (S,R)-form CG-609
- (R) -2-methylpiperidine or (S) -2-methylpiperidine, which are other reactants used together are not only very expensive, but also difficult to obtain, so there is a limit to their use in mass production.
- purification using column chromatography is inevitable, making mass production difficult.
- the present inventors utilize an inexpensive and easy-to-handle alternative material, such as specific isomers, such as (S,R)-form CG-609, (R)-1-((S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)
- specific isomers such as (S,R)-form CG-609, (R)-1-((S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)
- (R)-propylene carbonate was used instead of (R)-propylene oxide to synthesize an intermediate.
- racemic 2-methylpiperidine instead of (R)-2-methylpiperidine to obtain a mixture mainly containing (S,R)-form and (S,S)-form.
- Example 2 is a diagram showing chiral HPLC results of a crude product obtained according to Method 1-1 of Example 1 of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a diagram showing the C18 HPLC result of the crude product obtained according to Method 1-1 of Example 1 of the present invention.
- Figure 5 shows the C18 HPLC results of a composition containing (R,R), (S,S), (R,S), and (S,R) isomers of CG-609 isolated with high purity alone or in combination. It is also
- 6 to 10 are views showing 1 H-NMR results of intermediates and separated products in the production method of the present invention.
- 11 to 15 are diagrams showing MS results of intermediates and separated products in the production method of the present invention.
- the present inventors reacted one (R)- or (S)-isomer and a racemic mixture as a reactant, or reacted both (R)- or (S)-isomers, (S,R) Obtaining a crude product containing a total of 80% or more of diomers of -form and (S,S)-form, or (R,S)-form and (R,R)-form, which is treated with hydrochloric acid, and/or optionally bromine It was found that the desired compound can be obtained as a single isomer with high purity of 99% or more, and furthermore, 99.9% or more by solidifying by treatment with acid (hydrobromic acid; HBr) and substituting the hydrochloride and/or bromate with phosphate.
- acid hydrochloric acid
- the first aspect of the present invention is 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine having two chiral centers (1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy) Propan-2-yl) -2-methylpiperidine) provides a method for preparing a single isomer of phosphate with a purity of 99% or more from a mixture of two or more isomers among the four isomers.
- a feature of the present invention is that by performing the second step and step 2-a in an acetone solution and the third step in an ethanol solution, it is possible to provide an optimized manufacturing method in which the yield and quality of the final product are significantly improved. has been identified
- the selectivity is remarkably lowered, making it impossible to purely separate a desired single isomer.
- the selectivity may be lowered, and the yield and quality of the desired product may be lowered.
- the filtrate from the second step may be a solution obtained by dissolving a crude product obtained by neutralizing the acidic solution from which hydrochloride was removed from the second step and extracting with an organic solvent in acetone.
- Neutralization of the solution may be performed using sodium hydroxide, but is not limited thereto.
- the extraction may be performed using water and methylene chloride, but is not limited thereto.
- (R)- or (S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol in which the hydroxy group is activated may be activated with methylsulfonyl or methylbenzenesulfonyl, but is not limited thereto.
- it may be a compound in which a halogen is substituted instead of a hydroxyl group, but is not limited thereto.
- (R)- or (S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol in which the hydroxy group is activated is triethylamine (TEA) as a base and dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst in an organic solvent.
- TAA triethylamine
- DMAP dimethylaminopyridine
- DMAP dimethylaminopyridine
- commercially available compounds may be purchased and used, or compounds synthesized by appropriately utilizing reactions known in the art may be used.
- the (R)- or (S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol is used as a catalyst to convert 2-benzylphenol to (R)- or (S)- in the presence of TBAF.3H 2 O. It may be prepared by reacting with propylene carbonate at a temperature of 170 ° C or higher, but is not limited thereto. Alternatively, commercially available compounds may be purchased and used, or compounds synthesized by appropriately utilizing reactions known in the art may be used. Korean Registration No. 10-2259291 discloses an example of synthesis using (R)-propylene oxide.
- the present invention is a method for preparing (R)-1-((S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine, wherein the hydroxy group is activated (R )-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol was reacted with 2-methylpiperidine racemic mixture to obtain 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2, including the desired isomers -A first step of preparing a mixture containing two or more isomers of -yl)-2-methylpiperidine; A solid form formed by treating a solution of a mixture containing two or more isomers of 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine in acetone with hydrochloric acid A second 'step of obtaining a hydrochloride of; and a 3′ step of replacing the hydrochloride or bromate with phosphate by adding phosphoric acid to a solution obtained by dissolving the hydroch
- the present invention is a method for preparing (S)-1-((S)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine, wherein the hydroxy group is activated (R )-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol was reacted with 2-methylpiperidine racemic mixture to obtain 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2, including the desired isomers -A first step of preparing a mixture containing two or more isomers of -yl)-2-methylpiperidine; A solid form formed by treating a solution of a mixture containing two or more isomers of 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine in acetone with hydrochloric acid A second 'step of obtaining a hydrochloride of; a step 2′-a of recovering the filtrate from step 2′ and recrystallizing the filtrate from hydrobromic acid one or more times to obtain a bromine
- the present invention is a method for producing (S)-1-((R)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine, wherein the hydroxy group is activated (S )-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol was reacted with 2-methylpiperidine racemic mixture to obtain 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2, including the desired isomers
- the present invention is a method for preparing (R)-1-((R)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine, wherein the hydroxyl group is activated (S )-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol was reacted with 2-methylpiperidine racemic mixture to obtain 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2, including the desired isomers
- a 2-1 step of recrystallizing the hydrochloride obtained from the second step, the 2′ step, or the 2′′ step with hydrochloric acid may be additionally included one or more times, but is not limited thereto.
- the 2-1 step may be performed on a solution dissolved in a polar organic solvent such as ketones or lower alcohols, specifically, on a solution dissolved in ethanol, but is not limited thereto.
- a polar organic solvent such as ketones or lower alcohols
- a mixture containing two or more isomers of 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine used as a reactant in the production method of the present invention is (S It may be a mixture in which the sum of the contents of ,R)-form and (S,S)-form is 80% or more, but is not limited thereto.
- a mixture containing two or more isomers of the 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine used as a reactant in the production method of the present invention is (R It may be a mixture in which the sum of the contents of ,S)-form and (R,R)-form is 80% or more, but is not limited thereto.
- the C18 HPLC and chiral HPLC driving conditions used in the first half of the present invention are as follows.
- solvent B 0.1% Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) & 0.1% Diethylamine (DEA) in Ethanol
- FIGS. 2 and 3 HPLC results using the chiral column and the C18 column are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively.
- Figure 2 when separated by a chiral column, both (S,R)-form and (S,S)-form as well as a small amount of (R,S)-form and (R,R)-form
- Each of the four isomers was present in a ratio of (R,R) 3.5%, (S,S) 50%, (R,S) 4.6%, and (S,R) 42%.
- the separation result with the C18 column shown in FIG. 3 showed only two peaks at a ratio of about 50:50, respectively, a mixture of (R,R) and (S,S) and (R,S) and Corresponds to a mixture of (S,R), indicating that HPLC using a C18 column can separate diastereomers but not enantiomers.
- (R)-propylene carbonate was used as a reactant instead of (R)-propylene oxide to synthesize (R)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol.
- (Adv. Synth. Catal., 2019, 361: 1-7) Specifically, synthesis was performed by reacting 1.0 to 1.3 equivalents of (R)-propylene carbonate with respect to 1 equivalent of 2-benzylphenol as a starting material. As a result, the reaction was completed when 1.2 equivalents were used.
- Method 3-1 (R)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl methanesulfonate ((R)-1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl methanesulfonate; (R)-Ben -OMs) manufacturing
- the object of the present invention is to produce a chiral compound with high purity
- the optical purity of the synthesized (R) -Ben-OMs was analyzed using a chiral HPLC column, and it was confirmed that they were synthesized with an optical purity of 99.9% or more.
- the chemical purity was also found to be 99.9% or more.
- the obtained product was confirmed by chiral HPLC, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 .
- Example 1 reactant Chiral HPLC purity (%) note (R,R)-form (S,S)-form (R,S)-form (S,R)-form Method 1-1 Racemic 2-MP 4.0 49.1 4.4 42.5 Excluding unreacted Method 1-2 (R)-2-MP 18.2 2.1 0.5 79.2 Excluding unreacted
- (D)- or (L)-mandelic acid which is a chiral reagent widely used for separating optically active substances; (D)- or (L)-tartaric acid; Alternatively, tests were performed to separate pure (S,R)-form from crude products using (R)- or (S)-camphorsulfonic acid.
- the separation by crystallization using the chiral reagent can be useful for separating one optical isomer from a mixture in which two optical isomers exist, but it is difficult to apply to a crude product containing all four isomers used in the present invention.
- the present inventors first removed the two isomers present in relatively small amounts through recrystallization from the crude product containing all four isomers, obtained a relatively pure mixture of the two isomers, and then used a chiral reagent. Separation through recrystallization was considered.
- (R,S)-form and (R,R)-form could be purified to a high purity of 99.9% or more, respectively, with a final yield of 20.5% (theoretical yield 50.6%). %) and 21.2% (theoretical yield 45.4%).
- the HCl salt of the crude CG-609 (S,R)-form was added to 100 mL of ethanol, heated to reflux for 30 minutes, cooled, and the resulting precipitate was filtered. The precipitate produced at this time was classified as HCl salt of purified CG-609 (S,R)-form.
- the HCl salt of the purified CG-609 (S,R)-form was put into 100 mL of MC and 100 mL of water, neutralized with NaOH solution, and the organic layer was separated. After concentrating the recovered organic layer under reduced pressure, 100 mL of ethanol was added to dissolve it, and 2.16 g of 85% phosphoric acid was added to form a precipitate, which was filtered and dried to obtain 6.7 g (26.5%) of purified CG-609 (S, R)-form phosphate. ) was obtained.
- the product was analyzed by 1 H NMR and MS, and the results are shown in FIGS. 10 and 15, respectively. In addition, the purity at each step was analyzed by chiral HPLC, and the results were the same as in Table 3.
- the filtrate obtained by filtering the (S,R)-form recovered and stored in step 2 of Example 5 was concentrated under reduced pressure. 100 mL of MC and 100 mL of water were added to the concentrate, neutralized with NaOH, and the organic layer was separated. The recovered organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, and 100 mL of acetone was added to the remaining residue to dissolve it, and 8.9 g of a 48% HBr solution was added to form a precipitate. After heating under reflux for 30 minutes, the precipitate was filtered. The precipitate produced at this time was classified as HBr salt of crude (S,S)-form.
- the crude (S,S)-form HBr salt was put into 100 mL of ethanol, heated under reflux for 30 minutes, cooled, and the resulting precipitate was filtered. The precipitate produced at this time was classified as HBr salt of purified (S,S)-form.
- the purified HBr salt of (S,S)-form was put into 100 mL of MC and 100 mL of water, neutralized with NaOH solution, and the organic layer was separated. After concentrating the recovered organic layer under reduced pressure, 100 mL of ethanol was added to dissolve it, and 2.16 g of 85% phosphoric acid was added to form a precipitate, which was filtered and dried to obtain 6.1 g (23.2%) of a purified (S,S)-form phosphate. did The product was analyzed by 1 H NMR and MS, and the results are shown in FIGS. 8 and 13, respectively. In addition, the purity at each step was analyzed by chiral HPLC, and the results were the same as in Table 4.
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Abstract
Description
실시예 1 | 반응물 | 카이랄 HPLC 순도 (%) | 비고 | |||
(R,R)-form | (S,S)-form | (R,S)-form | (S,R)-form | |||
방법 1-1 | 라세믹 2-MP | 4.0 | 49.1 | 4.4 | 42.5 | 미반응 제외 |
방법 1-2 | (R)-2-MP | 18.2 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 79.2 | 미반응 제외 |
시료 | 카이랄 HPLC 순도 (%) | 고찰 | |||
(R,R)-form | (S,S)-form | (R,S)-form | (S,R)-form | ||
조 생성물 | 5.3 | 48.6 | 4.6 | 41.5 | |
HCl 염 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 97.6 | |
HBr 염 | 0.2 | 52.8 | 0.4 | 46.6 | |
H3PO4 염 | 23.2 | 45.4 | 4.7 | 26.7 |
시료 | 카이랄 HPLC 순도 (%) | 수율(%) | 고찰 | |||
(R,R)-form | (S,S)-form | (R,S)-form | (S,R)-form | |||
조 생성물 (라세믹 2-MP) |
5.3 | 48.6 | 4.6 | 41.5 | ||
1차 HCl 염 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 97.6 | 31.6 | 아세톤 사용 |
2차 HCl 염 | 0.01 | 0.21 | 0.07 | 99.71 | 에탄올 사용 | |
H3PO4 염 | N/D | 0.028 | 0.055 | 99.92 | 26.5 | 에탄올 사용 |
시료 | 카이랄 HPLC 순도 (%) | 수율(%) | 고찰 | |||
(R,R)-form | (S,S)-form | (R,S)-form | (S,R)-form | |||
조 생성물 | 5.3 | 48.6 | 4.6 | 41.5 | ||
(S,R) HCl 염 분리한 여액 | 8.0 | 76.3 | 6.3 | 9.4 | 조 생성물 | |
1차 HBr 염 | 0.27 | 97.7 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 아세톤 사용 | |
2차 HBr 염 | 0.05 | 99.44 | 0.11 | 0.4 | 에탄올 사용 | |
H3PO4 염 | N/D | 99.96 | 0.04 | N/D | 23.2 | 에탄올 사용 |
시료 | 카이랄 HPLC 순도 (%) | 수율(%) | 고찰 | |||
(R,R)-form | (S,S)-form | (R,S)-form | (S,R)-form | |||
조 생성물 | 46.7 | 6.9 | 40.5 | 5.9 | ||
1차 HCl 염 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 97.8 | 0.5 | 아세톤 사용 | |
2차 HCl 염 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 99.9 | 0.07 | 에탄올 사용 | |
H3PO4 염 | N/D | N/D | 99.97 | 0.03 | 20.5 | 에탄올 사용 |
시료 | 카이랄 HPLC 순도 (%) | 수율(%) | 고찰 | |||
(R,R)-form | (S,S)-form | (R,S)-form | (S,R)-form | |||
조 생성물 | 46.7 | 6.9 | 40.5 | 5.9 | ||
(R,S) HCl 염 분리한 여액 | 68.5 | 9.3 | 12.5 | 9.7 | 조 생성물 | |
1차 HBr 염 | 97.5 | 1.12 | 0.5 | 0.88 | 아세톤 사용 | |
2차 HBr 염 | 99.5 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.27 | 에탄올 사용 | |
H3PO4 염 | 99.99 | 0.01 | N/D | N/D | 21.2 | 에탄올 사용 |
Claims (9)
- 2개 카이랄 중심을 갖는 1-(1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-일)-2-메틸피페리딘(1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine)의 4종 이성질체 중 2종 이상의 이성질체 혼합물로부터 단일 이성질체를 99% 이상의 순도의 인산염으로 제조하는 방법으로서,히드록시기가 활성화된 (R)- 또는 (S)-1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-올(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-ol)을 2-메틸피페리딘(2-methylpiperidine) 라세믹 혼합물과 반응시켜 목적하는 이성질체를 포함하여 1-(1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-일)-2-메틸피페리딘의 2종 이상의 이성질체를 포함하는 혼합물을 준비하는 제1단계;상기 1-(1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-일)-2-메틸피페리딘의 2종 이상의 이성질체를 포함하는 혼합물을 아세톤에 용해시킨 용액에 염산으로 처리하여 형성되는 고체 형태의 염산염을 수득하는 제2단계;선택적으로 상기 목적하는 이성질체가 (S,S)-form 또는 (R,R)-form인 경우 제2단계로부터 여액을 브롬산으로 1회 이상 재결정하여 브롬산염을 수득하는 제2-a단계; 및이전 단계로부터 수득한 염산염 또는 브롬산염을 에탄올에 용해시킨 용액에 인산을 첨가하여 염산염 또는 브롬산염을 인산염으로 치환하는 제3단계;를 포함하는 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2단계로부터 여액은 제2단계로부터 염산염을 제거한 산성 용액을 중화시키고 유기 용매로 추출하여 수득한 조 생성물을 아세톤에 용해시킨 용액인 것인, 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 히드록시기가 활성화된 (R)- 또는 (S)-1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-올은 메틸설포닐, 또는 메틸벤젠설포닐로 활성화된 (R)- 또는 (S)-1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-올인 것인, 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 히드록시기가 활성화된 (R)- 또는 (S)-1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-올은 유기 용매 상에서 염기로서 트리에틸아민(triethylamine; TEA) 및 촉매로서 디메틸아미노피리딘(dimethylaminopyridine; DMAP) 존재 하에 (R)- 또는 (S)-1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-올을 활성화기의 염화물과 반응시켜 준비한 것인, 제조방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 (R)- 또는 (S)-1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-올은 촉매로서 TBAF·3H2O 존재 하에 2-벤질페놀을 (R)- 또는 (S)-프로필렌 카보네이트(propylene carbonate)와 170℃ 이상의 온도에서 반응시켜 준비한 것인, 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2단계로부터 수득한 염산염을 염산으로 재결정하는 제2-1단계를 1회 이상 추가로 포함하는 것인, 제조방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제2-1단계는 케톤류 또는 저급 알코올류의 극성 유기 용매에 용해시킨 용액 상에서 수행하는 것인, 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1-(1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-일)-2-메틸피페리딘의 2종 이상의 이성질체를 포함하는 혼합물은 (S,R)-form 및 (S,S)-form의 함량의 합이 80% 이상인 것인, 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1-(1-(2-벤질페녹시)프로판-2-일)-2-메틸피페리딘의 2종 이상의 이성질체를 포함하는 혼합물은 (R,S)-form 및 (R,R)-form의 함량의 합이 80% 이상인 것인, 제조방법.
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CN202280001615.9A CN116528863A (zh) | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-17 | 制备高纯度的1-(1-(2-苄基苯氧基)丙-2-基)-2-甲基哌啶单一异构体的方法 |
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US17/782,171 US20240174609A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-17 | Method for preparing single isomer of 1-(1-(2-benzylphenoxy)propan-2-yl)-2-methylpiperidine in high-purity |
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JP3826208B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-23 | 2006-09-27 | セプラコー,インコーポレイテッド | 光学純正アルブテロールの異性体選択性製剤 |
WO2009094457A2 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-30 | Auspex Pharmaceuticals | Substituted benzhydrylethers |
KR101323728B1 (ko) | 2010-11-11 | 2013-10-31 | 한국생명공학연구원 | 벤프로페린 유도체를 유효성분으로 함유하는 혈관신생-관련 질환의 예방 및 치료용 조성물 |
KR20160041746A (ko) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-18 | 한국생명공학연구원 | (s)-(-)-벤프로페린을 포함하는 암 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 |
KR102259291B1 (ko) | 2018-05-04 | 2021-06-01 | 주식회사 브이에스팜텍 | 암 세포의 이동과 침윤 억제를 통한 암 전이 억제제 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-30 KR KR1020210169203A patent/KR20230081285A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2022
- 2022-05-17 EP EP22724621.2A patent/EP4212512A4/en active Pending
- 2022-05-17 WO PCT/KR2022/007010 patent/WO2023101115A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2022-05-17 JP JP2022534201A patent/JP7560152B2/ja active Active
- 2022-05-17 CN CN202280001615.9A patent/CN116528863A/zh active Pending
- 2022-05-17 CA CA3159467A patent/CA3159467A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-17 US US17/782,171 patent/US20240174609A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-17 AU AU2022203495A patent/AU2022203495B2/en active Active
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JP3826208B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-23 | 2006-09-27 | セプラコー,インコーポレイテッド | 光学純正アルブテロールの異性体選択性製剤 |
US20040225154A1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2004-11-11 | Wolfgang Hell | Method for isolating and purifying (1RS,2RS)-2-[ (dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol |
WO2009094457A2 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-30 | Auspex Pharmaceuticals | Substituted benzhydrylethers |
KR101323728B1 (ko) | 2010-11-11 | 2013-10-31 | 한국생명공학연구원 | 벤프로페린 유도체를 유효성분으로 함유하는 혈관신생-관련 질환의 예방 및 치료용 조성물 |
US8716288B2 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2014-05-06 | Korea Research Institute Of Bioscience And Biotechnology | Composition comprising benproperine derivatives as active ingredients for preventing and treating angiogenesis-related diseases |
KR20160041746A (ko) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-18 | 한국생명공학연구원 | (s)-(-)-벤프로페린을 포함하는 암 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 |
KR102259291B1 (ko) | 2018-05-04 | 2021-06-01 | 주식회사 브이에스팜텍 | 암 세포의 이동과 침윤 억제를 통한 암 전이 억제제 |
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Title |
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See also references of EP4212512A4 |
SHIH CHIEH KAO ET AL., ADV. SYNTH. CATAL., vol. 361, 2019, pages 1 - 7 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3159467A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
EP4212512A1 (en) | 2023-07-19 |
AU2022203495A1 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
EP4212512A4 (en) | 2024-04-17 |
US20240174609A1 (en) | 2024-05-30 |
JP2024508572A (ja) | 2024-02-28 |
AU2022203495B2 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
KR20230081285A (ko) | 2023-06-07 |
CN116528863A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
JP7560152B2 (ja) | 2024-10-02 |
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