WO2023098056A1 - 一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备 - Google Patents

一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098056A1
WO2023098056A1 PCT/CN2022/102062 CN2022102062W WO2023098056A1 WO 2023098056 A1 WO2023098056 A1 WO 2023098056A1 CN 2022102062 W CN2022102062 W CN 2022102062W WO 2023098056 A1 WO2023098056 A1 WO 2023098056A1
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Prior art keywords
light
optical module
lens
display unit
phase retarder
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PCT/CN2022/102062
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋文宝
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歌尔光学科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023098056A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098056A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical technology, and more specifically, the present application relates to an optical module and a head-mounted display device.
  • augmented reality Augmented Reality
  • virtual reality Virtual Reality, VR
  • the core components of augmented reality technology and virtual reality technology are display optical modules. Therefore, the display effect of the optical display module will directly determine the quality of the smart wearable device.
  • a VR device is taken as an example.
  • Some VR devices mostly use a combination of single-chip lens + display screen (display).
  • the distance between the lens and the display screen will be relatively long, which leads to a large size of the VR device, which is not conducive to the small size of the product. It may lead to poor user experience when wearing the device.
  • the folded optical path scheme came into being.
  • many smart wearable devices such as VR devices have adopted the solution of folding optical path.
  • the folding optical path scheme can effectively reduce the total length of the optical system, but in the entire optical path structure, the protective sheet in front of the display screen and the film attached to the surface are very close to the light-emitting surface of the display screen, and are almost bonded together. And this will lead to the appearance defects of the protective sheet and its surface-attached film (phase retarder, etc.) will be magnified after the imaging lens group on the side away from the display screen, which is easy to be noticed by the human eye, which will resulting in poor image quality.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a new technical solution for an optical module and a head-mounted display device.
  • an optical module includes:
  • a display unit the display unit has a light-emitting surface, the light-emitting surface is used to emit incident light, a protective sheet is provided on one side of the light-emitting surface, and a space is provided between the protective sheet and the light-emitting surface, the The interval is set to ⁇ 0.5mm;
  • the first lens is arranged along the propagation direction of the incident light, the first lens includes a first surface facing the display unit and a second surface facing away from the display unit;
  • a polarizing reflector, a first phase retarder and a beam splitter is arranged on one side of the first surface, the polarizing reflector is arranged on one side of the second surface, and the first phase retarder The reflector is arranged between the polarizing reflector and the beam splitter.
  • the distance between the surface of the protective sheet facing the light-emitting surface and the light-emitting surface is set to T1
  • the distance between the beam splitter and the polarizing reflector is set to T2
  • the distance between T1 and the polarizing reflector is set to T2.
  • the ratio of T2 is set to be 0.03-1.5.
  • the optical module further includes a second lens, the second lens is arranged on one side of the second surface of the first lens, and the second lens and the first lens are located on the same optical axis superior;
  • the second lens includes a third surface facing the first lens and a fourth surface facing away from the first lens;
  • the polarizing reflector is arranged on the third surface, and the first phase retarder is arranged on the surface of the polarizing reflector facing the first lens.
  • the third surface on which the polarizing reflector and the first phase retarder are disposed is any one of a plane, a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, a free-form surface, or a cylindrical surface.
  • the optical module further includes a second phase retarder and a polarizer, the polarizer is disposed on the side of the protective sheet away from the light-emitting surface, and the second phase retarder is disposed on the between the beam splitter and the polarizer.
  • the polarizer is a linear polarizer.
  • At least one of the first phase retarder and the second phase retarder is a quarter wave plate.
  • the polarizer has a transmission axis through which light passes, and an included angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer and the fast axis or slow axis of the second phase retarder is set to 45°.
  • the polarizing reflector has a transmission axis through which light passes, and the included angle between the transmission axis of the polarizing reflector and the fast axis or slow axis of the first phase retarder is set to 45° .
  • the light splitter is a semi-reflective and semi-permeable film, and the semi-reflective and semi-permeable film is provided on the first surface.
  • the display unit is a self-luminous screen or a reflective screen.
  • the protective sheet is a glass sheet or a transparent plastic sheet.
  • a head-mounted display device includes:
  • the optical module is arranged in the housing.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a design scheme for a folded optical path structure, which can be applied to electronic devices such as head-mounted display devices.
  • the distance between them can improve the appearance defects on the protective sheet and be magnified to a multiple that is easily observed by the human eye through the imaging lens group on the side away from the display unit, making it easy to find the appearance defects of the protective sheet and the film material on the surface, and then It affects the effect of the imaging picture, resulting in poor user experience.
  • Fig. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is the modulation transfer function MFT curve of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application at 450nm;
  • Fig. 3 is the modulation transfer function MFT curve of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application at 540nm;
  • Fig. 4 is the modulation transfer function MFT curve of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application at 610nm;
  • Fig. 5 is the second structural schematic diagram of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • optical module and the head-mounted display device provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 .
  • an optical module is provided.
  • the optical module is a folding optical path structure solution, which is suitable for application in electronic equipment, such as head mounted display (HMD), such as VR head mounted equipment (including VR glasses or VR helmets, etc.).
  • HMD head mounted display
  • VR head mounted equipment including VR glasses or VR helmets, etc.
  • the optical module includes a display unit 6, the display unit 6 has a light-emitting surface, and the light-emitting surface is used to emit For incident light, a protective sheet 5 is provided on one side of the light-emitting surface, and a gap is set between the protective sheet 5 and the light-emitting surface, and the gap is set to be ⁇ 0.5mm;
  • the optical module includes a first lens 4, the first lens 4 is arranged along the propagation direction of the incident light, and the first lens 4 includes a first surface facing the display unit 6 and a surface facing away from the display unit the second surface of 6;
  • the optical module also includes a polarizing reflector 8, a first phase retarder 9 and a beam splitter 10; the beam splitter 10 is arranged on one side of the first surface, and the polarizing reflector 8 is arranged on the first surface On one side of the two surfaces, the first phase retarder 9 is disposed between the polarizing reflector 8 and the beam splitter 10 .
  • the first surface on it is set as the rear surface of the first lens 4, and the second surface is set as the first lens 4.
  • the beam splitter 10 being set on one side of the first surface does not only refer to being set on the first surface, but also can be set between the first surface and the light-emitting surface. A suitable position or a suitable position close to the first surface.
  • the polarizing reflector 8 disposed on one side of the second surface does not only refer to being disposed on the second surface, but may also be disposed, for example, at a suitable position close to the second surface.
  • the optical module provided in the embodiment of the present application relates to a design of a folded optical path structure.
  • the protective sheet 5 is designed to have a certain distance from the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6, such as ⁇ 0.5mm, instead of closely attaching the protective sheet 5 to the The light emitting surface of the display unit 6 .
  • the protective sheet 5 (itself used for protect the light-emitting surface/light-emitting surface of the display unit), the distance between it and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 is set to ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the protective sheet 5 and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 are once If there are any defects in the appearance, the magnification of these defects will increase significantly after passing through the imaging lens group composed of optical elements such as the first lens 4 on the side away from the display unit 6, which will affect the protection sheet 5
  • the appearance requirements of such optical components are very high, that is, there should be no defects on the surface, otherwise they will be observed by human eyes, which will affect the effect of the imaging picture.
  • the distance between the protective sheet 5 and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 is ⁇ 0.5 mm, the above-mentioned situation does not exist, which helps to improve the imaging picture effect and quality.
  • the first phase retarder 9 can be used to change the polarization state of light in the optical path structure, for example, it can convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, or convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light.
  • the imaging lens group on the side away from the display unit 6 can be used to analyze the light emitted by the display unit 6 , that is, to amplify the light and transmit it.
  • the light emitted by the display unit 6 may be, for example, linearly polarized light or circularly polarized light, or of course natural light.
  • the protective sheet 5 (such as a glass sheet, etc.) is provided on the light-emitting surface (light-emitting surface) of the display unit 6 .
  • Embodiments of the present application propose a folded optical path design solution, which can be applied to electronic devices such as head mounted display (HMD).
  • HMD head mounted display
  • the optical module provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the appearance on the protective sheet 5 by increasing the distance between the protective sheet 5 in front of the display unit 6 in the optical path structure and the light emitting surface of the display unit 6 Defects are magnified to a multiple that is easily observed by the human eye through the imaging lens group on the side away from the display unit 6, resulting in the appearance of defects on the protective sheet 5 and the film material on the surface thereof being easily found by the human eye. This situation will affect the quality of the imaging picture and reduce the user experience.
  • the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application is designed as a folded optical path structure, which improves the defects in the prior art and improves the effect of imaging images, which can effectively improve the user experience.
  • the distance between the surface of the protective sheet 5 facing the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 is set to T1
  • the beam splitter 10 and the polarizer The distance between the reflectors 8 is set as T2, wherein the ratio of T1 to T2 is set to be 0.03 ⁇ 1.5.
  • the surface facing the light-emitting surface is set as the rear surface, and the other surface is set as the front surface. It can be understood that, the rear surface of the protection sheet 5 faces the light-emitting surface, and the front surface of the protection sheet 4 faces away from the light-emitting surface.
  • the ratio value the distance between the surface of the protective sheet 5 facing the light-emitting surface (ie, the rear surface) and the light-emitting surface is smaller.
  • the protective sheet 5 and its The appearance requirements of the membrane material on the surface are relatively high.
  • the above-mentioned ratio value range is set in comprehensive consideration of the total optical length TTL and the appearance requirements of the protective sheet 5, etc., which is a more preferable solution. While ensuring the miniaturization of the folded optical path, the effect of the imaging picture can be guaranteed, and at the same time, the requirements for appearance defects of the protective sheet 5 and other components can be reduced.
  • the optical module may also include a second lens 3 disposed on the first lens 4 On one side of the second surface, the second lens 3 and the first lens 4 are located on the same optical axis;
  • the second lens 3 includes a third surface facing the first lens 4 and a fourth surface facing away from the first lens 4;
  • the polarizing reflector 8 is disposed on the third surface, and the first phase retarder 9 is disposed on a surface of the polarizing reflector 8 facing the first lens 4 .
  • the third surface of the second lens 3 is the rear surface
  • the fourth surface of the third lens 4 is the front surface
  • optical module including but not limited to, only one optical lens, that is, the first lens 4 is provided, and more optical lenses may also be provided.
  • an aperture 2 (which can be equivalent to the human eye) is also arranged in the optical module, so that the first lens 4 to the aperture 2 can
  • the second lens 3 is introduced into the optical path between them, that is, two lenses are arranged in the optical path structure, and combined with a phase retarder and a polarizing reflector, etc., an imaging lens group located on the side away from the display unit 6 can be formed.
  • the polarizing reflector 8 and the first phase retarder 9 can be arranged on the third surface of the second lens 3 .
  • the third surface of the second lens 3 faces the second surface of the first lens 4, and the polarizing reflector 8 and the first phase retarder 9 can be connected by the first lens 4 Separated from the beam splitter 10.
  • the polarizing reflector 8 and the first phase retarder 9 can be arranged at a distance from the first lens 4
  • the side of the display unit 6, that is, the second surface, and the beam splitter 10 is disposed on the side of the first lens 4 facing the display unit 6, that is, the first surface.
  • the number of optical lenses can be one, two or three, or even more, and those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust according to specific needs. Specific limits.
  • the third surface on which the polarizing reflector 8 and the first phase retarder 9 are disposed is any one of a plane, a spherical surface, an aspheric surface, a free-form surface or a cylindrical surface.
  • the polarizing reflector 8 and the first phase retarder 9 can be arranged on the surface of various surface optical elements (such as lenses), so that the polarizing reflector 8 and the first phase retarder The phase retarder 9 can effectively adapt to the position of the mounting surface.
  • the polarizing reflector 8 is pasted on the third surface, and the first phase retarder 9 is pasted on the polarizing reflector 8 .
  • the optical module may further include a second phase retarder 11 and a polarizer 12, wherein the polarizer 12 is arranged on On the side of the protection sheet 5 away from the light-emitting surface, the second phase retarder 11 is disposed between the beam splitter 10 and the polarizer 12 .
  • the incident light emitted by the display unit 6 can be converted into linearly polarized light by the polarizer 12 , and then converted into circularly polarized light by the second phase retarder 11 .
  • the polarizer 12 is a linear polarizer.
  • the linear polarizer can be directly on the light emitting surface of the display unit 6 .
  • the light emitted from the light emitting surface of the display unit 6 can be converted into linearly polarized light when passing through the polarizer 12 .
  • the polarizer 12 is a linear polarizer, which has a transmission axis through which light passes, and the direction of the transmission axis can be along the horizontal direction, the vertical direction or any other direction.
  • the polarizer 12 and the second phase retarder 11 can be eliminated in the optical module.
  • At least one of the first phase retarder 9 and the second phase retarder 11 is a quarter-wave plate.
  • first phase retarder 9 and the second phase retarder 11 are the same, and both are quarter wave plates.
  • Quarter wave plates can be used to convert linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light, and circularly polarized light to linearly polarized light.
  • the second phase retarder 11 on the side close to the display unit 6 is located between the polarizer 12 and the beam splitter 10, and the second phase retarder 11 on the side away from the display unit 6
  • the first phase retarder 9 is located between the beam splitter 10 and the polarizing reflector 8 .
  • FIG. 1 , FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 when the light 7 in the optical module passes through a quarter-wave plate, the light 7 can be converted from a circular polarization state to a linear polarization state.
  • the first phase retarder 9 and the second phase retarder 11 can be configured as independent optical devices, for example, or they can also be film-layer structures.
  • first phase retarder 9 and the second phase retarder 11 are, for example, independent optical devices, they can be fixed in the optical path structure by other components, such as lens barrels and the like. Specifically, a slot is provided on the inner wall of the lens barrel, and the phase retarder can be snapped into the slot.
  • first phase retarder 9 and the second phase retarder 11 have a film structure, they can be directly attached to corresponding optical elements.
  • the polarizer 12 has a transmission axis through which light passes, and the gap between the transmission axis of the polarizer 12 and the fast axis or the slow axis of the second phase retarder 11 Angle is set to 45°.
  • the second phase retarder 11 and the polarizer 12 are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6, the polarizer 12 has a transmission axis, and the polarizer 12
  • the included angle between the transmission axis of the second phase retarder 11 and the fast axis of the second phase retarder 11 is 45°; the included angle can be positive 45° or negative 45°.
  • the second phase retarder 11 has a fast axis and a slow axis. Wherein, the direction of the transmission axis of the linear polarizer 12 can pass through the polarizer 12 , while the direction of the transmission axis of the polarizer 12 can not pass through the polarizer 12 .
  • the polarizing reflector 8 has a transmission axis through which light passes, and the transmission axis of the polarizing reflector 8 and the fast axis or slow axis of the first phase retarder 9 The included angle is set to 45°.
  • the polarizing reflector 8 is a kind of polarizing reflector that reflects horizontally linearly polarized light, transmits vertically linearly polarized light, or reflects linearly polarized light at any specific angle, and polarizes reflecting that transmits linearly polarized light perpendicular to the angle. device.
  • the beam splitter 10 is a semi-reflective and semi-permeable film, and the semi-reflective and semi-permeable film is disposed on the first surface (rear surface) of the first lens 4 . In this way, the beam splitter 10 is combined with the first surface of the first lens 4 .
  • the semi-reflective and semi-permeable film can ensure that part of the light passes through and part of the light is reflected.
  • the transflective film is, for example, attached on the first surface of the first lens 4 .
  • the beam splitter 10 can be set as an independent optical device set in the optical path structure, or it can be set as a film layer structure attached to the first surface of the first lens 4, those skilled in the art can according to the specific Flexible selection is required, and this application does not make specific limitations here.
  • the display unit 6 is a self-illuminating screen or a reflective screen.
  • the light emitted by the display unit 6 may be, for example, linearly polarized light, or circularly polarized light, or of course natural light.
  • the self-luminous screen includes but not limited to LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), LED (Light Emitting Diode), OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), Micro-OLED (Micro-Organic Light-Emitting Diode), ULED ( UltraLightEmitting Diode), etc.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • LED Light Emitting Diode
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • Micro-OLED Micro-Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • ULED UltraLightEmitting Diode
  • the reflective screen includes but not limited to DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) digital micromirror chip.
  • the protective sheet 5 is a glass sheet or a transparent plastic sheet.
  • the protective sheet 5 (for example, a glass sheet, etc.) is provided on the light-emitting surface (light-emitting surface) of the display unit 6.
  • the optical module includes a diaphragm 2, a second lens 3, A first lens 4 , a protective sheet 5 , a display unit 6 (with a light-emitting surface capable of emitting incident light), a polarizing reflector 8 , a first phase retarder 9 , a beam splitter 10 , a second phase retarder 11 and a polarizer 12 .
  • the incident light emitted by the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 becomes horizontal linearly polarized light after passing through the protective sheet 5 and the polarizer 12, and becomes left-handed or right-handed after passing through the second phase retarder 11.
  • Circularly polarized light after passing through the beam splitter 10 and the first lens 4, passes through the first phase retarder 9 to become horizontally linearly polarized light; after being reflected by the polarizing reflector 8, it becomes Horizontally linearly polarized light becomes left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light after passing through the first phase retarder 9 and the first lens 4, and then becomes right-handed or left-handed circularly polarized light after being reflected by the beam splitter 10 , after passing through the first lens 4 and the first phase retarder 9 again, it becomes vertically linearly polarized light, and after passing through the second lens 3, it can enter the diaphragm 2 (human eye ) imaging.
  • the protection sheet 5, the second phase retarder 11 and the polarizer 12 are closer to the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6, the protection sheet 5, the second phase retarder 11 and the The appearance defects of the polarizer 12 are easier to be perceived by human eyes after passing through the imaging lens group on the side away from the display unit 6 with a greater magnification. Therefore, the closer the protective sheet 5 , the second phase retarder 11 and the polarizer 12 are to the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 , the higher the requirement for its appearance.
  • the optical module provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the appearance on the protective sheet 5 by increasing the distance between the protective sheet 5 in front of the display unit 6 in the optical path structure and the light emitting surface of the display unit 6 Defects are magnified to a multiple that is easily observed by the human eye through the imaging lens group on the side away from the display unit 6, causing the human eye to easily find the protective sheet 5 and the film material on its surface (such as the second phase retarder) 11 and polarizer 12), which can reduce the appearance requirements of the protective sheet and its surface film material.
  • the optical module includes a display unit 6, the display unit 6 has a light-emitting surface, and the light-emitting surface can be used to emit incident light (that is, light or imaging beam);
  • a protection sheet 5 is provided on one side of the light-emitting surface, and a gap is set between the protection sheet 5 and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6, and the gap is set to 3.8 mm. In this way, the requirements for appearance defects of the protective sheet 5 and the like in the optical module are effectively reduced.
  • the surface of the protection sheet 5 facing the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 (that is, the rear surface of the protection sheet 5) and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6
  • Example 1 Specific parameters of Example 1 are shown in Table 1.
  • FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 respectively show the modulation transfer function MTF curves of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application at 450 nm, 540 nm, and 610 nm.
  • the system MTF value is higher than 0.75;
  • the system MTF value is higher than 0.7;
  • the system MTF is higher than 0.65.
  • the optical module includes a display unit 6, the display unit 6 has a light-emitting surface, the light-emitting surface is used to emit incident light (that is, light or imaging light beam), one side of the light-emitting surface A protective sheet 5 is provided, and a gap is set between the protective sheet 5 and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 , and the gap is set to 0.5 mm. In this way, the requirements for appearance defects of the protective sheet 5 and the like in the optical module are effectively reduced.
  • the surface of the protection sheet 5 facing the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6 (that is, the rear surface of the protection sheet 5) and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6
  • Table 2 shows the specific parameters of Example 2.
  • the optical module includes a display unit 6, the display unit 6 has a light-emitting surface, the light-emitting surface is used to emit incident light (that is, light or imaging light beam), on one of the light-emitting surface
  • a protective sheet 5 is provided on the side, and a gap is set between the protective sheet 5 and the light-emitting surface of the display unit 6, and the gap is set to 10.7mm. The requirements for appearance defects of the protective sheet 5 and the like in the optical module are effectively reduced.
  • This embodiment effectively reduces the requirements for appearance defects of the protective sheet 5 and the like in the optical module.
  • Table 3 shows the specific parameters of Example 3.
  • a head-mounted display device is provided.
  • the head-mounted display device includes a casing and the above optical module, and the optical module is arranged on the casing.
  • the housing can provide an installation space for supporting the optical module, and the optical module is arranged in the housing, so as to prevent water vapor or dust from the external environment from falling into the optical module.
  • the head-mounted display device is, for example, a VR device.

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Abstract

一种光学模组以及电子设备；其中，光学模组包括：显示单元（6）、第一透镜（4）、偏振反射器（8）、第一位相延迟器（9）以及分光器（10）；显示单元（6）具有发光面，发光面用于发射出入射光，发光面的一侧设置有保护片（5），保护片（5）与发光面之间设置有间隔，间隔设置为≥0.5mm；第一透镜（4）沿入射光的传播方向设置，第一透镜（4）包括朝向显示单元（6）的第一表面和背离显示单元（6）的第二表面；分光器（10）设置于第一表面的一侧，偏振反射器（8）设置在第二表面的一侧，第一位相延迟器（9）设置于偏振反射器（8）与分光器（10）之间。从而，提供了一种折叠光路结构，成像的画面效果好。

Description

一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备 技术领域
本申请涉及光学技术领域，更具体地，本申请涉及一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备。
背景技术
近年来，增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)技术及虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)技术等在智能穿戴设备中得到了应用并快速发展起来。增强现实技术和虚拟现实技术的核心部件均是显示光学模组。因此，显示光学模组显示效果的好坏将直接决定着智能穿戴设备的质量。
在现有的相关技术中，以VR设备为例。一些VR设备多采用单片式透镜+显示屏幕(display)组合的形式，然而，基于光路成像要求，透镜距离显示屏会比较远，这就导致VR设备的尺寸较大，这不利于产品的小型化，可能会导致用户佩戴时的使用体验不佳。为了改善这一问题，折叠光路方案应运而生。现如今，很多智能穿戴设备例如VR设备中都采用了折叠光路的方案。
折叠光路方案可有效减小光学系统总长，但是在整个光路结构中，显示屏幕前的保护片及其表面所贴附的膜材距离显示屏幕的发光面很接近，几乎是贴合在一起的，而这会导致保护片及其表面贴附膜材(位相延迟器等)的外观方面的缺陷会经远离显示屏幕一侧的成像镜组之后被放大，这就容易让人眼察觉到，这将导致成像画面不佳。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供的一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备的新技术方案。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种光学模组。所述光学模组包括：
显示单元，所述显示单元具有发光面，所述发光面用于发射出入射光， 所述发光面的一侧设置有保护片，所述保护片与所述发光面之间设置有间隔，所述间隔设置为≥0.5mm；
第一透镜，所述第一透镜沿所述入射光的传播方向设置，所述第一透镜包括朝向所述显示单元的第一表面和背离所述显示单元的第二表面；以及
偏振反射器，第一位相延迟器和分光器；所述分光器设置于所述第一表面的一侧，所述偏振反射器设置在所述第二表面的一侧，所述第一位相延迟器设置于所述偏振反射器与所述分光器之间。
可选地，所述保护片朝向所述发光面的表面与所述发光面之间的距离设置为T1，所述分光器与所述偏振反射器之间的距离设置为T2，所述T1与所述T2的比值设置为0.03～1.5。
可选地，所述光学模组还包括第二透镜，所述第二透镜设置在所述第一透镜的第二表面的一侧，所述第二透镜和所述第一透镜位于同一光轴上；
所述第二透镜包括朝向所述第一透镜的第三表面和背离所述第一透镜的第四表面；
所述偏振反射器设于所述第三表面上，所述第一位相延迟器设于所述偏振反射器朝向所述第一透镜的表面上。
可选地，所述偏振反射器和所述第一位相延迟器设于的所述第三表面为平面、球面、非球面、自由曲面或者柱面其中的任意一种。
可选地，所述光学模组还包括第二位相延迟器和偏振器，所述偏振器设置于所述保护片背离所述发光面的一侧，所述第二位相延迟器设置于所述分光器与所述偏振器之间。
可选地，所述偏振器为线偏振片。
可选地，所述第一位相延迟器和所述第二位相延迟器中的至少一个为四分之一波片。
可选地，所述偏振器具有光线透过的透过轴，所述偏振器的透过轴与所述第二位相延迟器的快轴或者慢轴之间的夹角设置为45°。
可选地，所述偏振反射器具有光线透过的透过轴，所述偏振反射器的透过轴与所述第一位相延迟器的快轴或者慢轴之间的夹角设置为45°。
可选地，所述分光器为半反半透膜，所述半反半透膜设于所述第一表面上。
可选地，所述显示单元为自发光式屏幕或者反射式屏幕。
可选地，所述保护片为玻璃片或者透光的塑料片。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供了一种头戴显示设备。所述头戴显示设备包括：
壳体；以及
如上任一种所述的光学模组，所述光学模组设置于所述壳体。
本申请的有益效果在于：
本申请实施例提出了一种折叠光路结构设计方案，其能够应用于电子设备例如头戴显示设备中，该光学模组通过增大光路结构中显示单元前的保护片与显示单元的发光面之间的距离，能够改善保护片上的外观缺陷经远离显示单元一侧的成像镜组而被放大到人眼容易观察到的倍数，导致容易发现保护片及其表面上的膜材的外观缺陷，进而影响到成像画面的效果，造成用户体验不佳。
通过以下参照附图对本申请的示例性实施例的详细描述，本申请的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本申请的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1是本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之一；
图2是本申请实施例提供的光学模组在450nm下调制传递函数MFT曲线；
图3是本申请实施例提供的光学模组在540nm下调制传递函数MFT曲线；
图4是本申请实施例提供的光学模组在610nm下调制传递函数MFT曲线；
图5是本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之二；
图6是本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之三。
附图标记说明：
1、光轴；2、光阑；3、第二透镜；4、第一透镜；5、保护片；6、显示单元；7、光线；8、偏振反射器；9、第一位相延迟器；10、分光器；11、第二位相延迟器；12、偏振器。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本申请的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
下面结合附图1至图6对本申请实施例提供的光学模组以及头戴显示设备进行详细地描述。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，提供了一种光学模组。
所述光学模组为一种折叠光路结构方案，其适合应用于电子设备中，例如头戴显示设备(head mounted display，HMD)，如VR头戴设备(包括VR眼镜或者VR头盔等)。
本申请实施例提供的一种光学模组，如图1、图5和图6所示，所述光学模组包括显示单元6，所述显示单元6具有发光面，所述发光面用于发射出入射光，在所述发光面的一侧设置有保护片5，所述保护片5与所 述发光面之间设置有间隔，所述间隔设置为≥0.5mm；
所述光学模组包括第一透镜4，所述第一透镜4沿所述入射光的传播方向设置，所述第一透镜4包括朝向所述显示单元6的第一表面和背离所述显示单元6的第二表面；
所述光学模组还包括偏振反射器8，第一位相延迟器9和分光器10；所述分光器10设置于所述第一表面的一侧，所述偏振反射器8设置在所述第二表面的一侧，所述第一位相延迟器9设置于所述偏振反射器8与所述分光器10之间。
在整个光路结构设计中，对于所述第一透镜4来说，其上的所述第一表面例如设置为所述第一透镜4的后表面，所述第二表面则被设置为所述第一透镜4的前表面。
此外，需要说明的是，所述分光器10设置于所述第一表面的一侧并不仅指设置在所述第一表面上，还可以是设置在第一表面与所述发光面之间的合适位置或者说靠近所述第一表面的合适位置处。同样地，所述偏振反射器8设置在所述第二表面的一侧，也并不仅指设置在所述第二表面上，还可以是设置在例如靠近所述第二表面的合适位置处。
也就是说，本申请实施例提供的光学模组，其涉及的是一种折叠光路结构设计。在其中，将所述保护片5设计成与所述显示单元6的发光面之间具有一定的距离如≥0.5mm，而并非如现有技术中将所述保护片5紧密贴合在所述显示单元6的发光面上。
在本申请实施例提供的光学模组中，如图1、图5和图6所示，沿光轴1的方向，设置在所述显示单元6前方的所述保护片5(其本身用于保护所述显示单元的发光面/出光面)，其与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离设置为≥0.5mm。这是因为：当所述保护片5与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离＜0.5mm时，所述保护片5以及设置于所述显示单元6发光面一侧的膜材等一旦外观上有任何的缺陷，这些外观缺陷会经远离所述显示单元6一侧的所述第一透镜4等光学元件所组成的成像镜组后放大倍数明显增加，这就对所述保护片5等光学元件的外观要求就非常高，也即其表面上不能有任何的缺陷，否则将会被人眼所观察到，进而会影响到成 像画面的效果。
而当采用本申请方案中的设计，即所述保护片5与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离是≥0.5mm时，则不存在上述的情况，这就有助于提高成像画面的效果、质量。
其中，所述第一位相延迟器9可用于改变光路结构中光线的偏振状态，例如能够将线偏振光转化为圆偏振光，或者将圆偏振光转化为线偏振光。
其中，远离所述显示单元6一侧的成像镜组可用于解析所述显示单元6发射的光线，即可将光线放大后进行传递。
其中，所述显示单元6所发出的光线例如可以是线偏振光，也可以是圆偏振光，当然还可以是自然光。为了保护所述显示单元6，在所述显示单元6的发光面(出光面)设置有所述保护片5(例如为玻璃片等)。
本申请实施例提出了一种折叠光路设计方案，其能够应用于电子设备例如头戴显示设备(head mounted display，HMD)中。
本申请实施例提供的光学模组，通过增大光路结构中所述显示单元6前的保护片5与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离，能够改善所述保护片5上的外观缺陷经远离所述显示单元6一侧的成像镜组而被放大到人眼容易观察到的倍数，导致人眼容易发现所述保护片5及其表面上的膜材的外观缺陷的情况，这种情况会影响到成像画面的质量，降低用户体验。
也就是说，本申请实施例提供的光学模组，其作为折叠光路结构设计，改善了现有技术中的缺陷，提高了成像画面的效果，这能够有效提升用户使用体验感。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述保护片5朝向所述显示单元6的发光面的表面与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离设置为T1，所述分光器10与所述偏振反射器8之间的距离设置为T2，其中，将所述T1与所述T2的比值设置为0.03～1.5。
需要说明的是，在整个光路结构设计中，对于所述保护片5来说，朝向所述发光面的表面被设置为其后表面，而另一表面则为其前表面。可以理解的是，所述保护片5的后表面朝向所述发光面，所述保护片4的前表面背离所述发光面。
上述的比例值越小，则表明：所述保护片5朝向所述发光面的表面(即后表面)与所述发光面之间的距离越小，这样的话，对所述保护片5及其表面上膜材的外观要求就比较高。
反之，上述的比例值越大，例如该比例值超过1.5，则所述光学模组的光学总长(TTL)越长，这就不利于整个光学模组的小型化设计要求。因此，应当合理控制上述比例值。
本申请中是综合考虑光学总长TTL，以及对所述保护片5等的外观要求等设置了上述比例值范围，这是较为优选的方案。能够在保证折叠光路小型化的同时，保证成像画面效果，同时降低了对所述保护片5等元件的外观缺陷要求。
在本申请的一些例子中，如图1、图5和图6所示，所述光学模组，其还可以包括有第二透镜3，所述第二透镜3设置在所述第一透镜4的第二表面的一侧，所述第二透镜3和所述第一透镜4位于同一光轴上；
所述第二透镜3包括朝向所述第一透镜4的第三表面和背离所述第一透镜4的第四表面；
所述偏振反射器8设于所述第三表面上，所述第一位相延迟器9设于所述偏振反射器8朝向所述第一透镜4的表面上。
例如，在所述光学模组的光路结构中，所述第二透镜3的第三表面为后表面，所述第三透镜4的第四表面为前表面。
在本申请实施例提供的光学模组中，包括但并不限于仅设置一个光学镜片，即所述第一透镜4，还可以设置更多个光学镜片。
如图1、图5和图6所示，在所述光学模组中还设置有光阑2(这可相当于人眼)，这样，可以在所述第一透镜4至所述光阑2之间的光路中引入所述第二透镜3，即在光路结构中设置两个透镜，再结合位相延迟器和偏振反射器等可形成位于远离所述显示单元6一侧的成像镜组。
当在所述光学模组中引入所述第二透镜3，则可以将所述偏振反射器8和所述第一位相延迟器9设于所述第二透镜3的第三表面上。
其中，所述第二透镜3的第三表面是朝向所述第一透镜4的第二表面的，通过所述第一透镜4可将所述偏振反射器8和所述第一位相延迟器9 与所述分光器10隔开设置。
需要说明的是，当所述光学模组中仅设置有所述第一透镜4时，可以将所述偏振反射器8和所述第一位相延迟器9设置于所述第一透镜4背离所述显示单元6的一侧，即所述第二表面上，而将所述分光器10设置在所述第一透镜4朝向所述显示单元6的一侧，即所述第一表面上。
在本申请实施例提供的光学模组中，光学镜片的设置数量可以为一片，两片或者三片，甚至更多片，而本领域技术人员可以根据具体需要灵活调整，本申请在此不做具体限定。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述偏振反射器8和所述第一位相延迟器9设于的所述第三表面为平面、球面、非球面、自由曲面或者柱面其中的任意一种。
也就是说，所述偏振反射器8和所述第一位相延迟器9可以设置在多种面型的光学元件(如透镜)的表面上，从而使得所述偏振反射器8和所述第一位相延迟器9能够有效适应安装面的位置。
例如，将所述偏振反射器8贴设于所述第三表面上，将所述第一位相延迟器9贴设于所述偏振反射器8上。
在本申请的一些例子中，如图1、图5和图6所示，所述光学模组还可以包括第二位相延迟器11和偏振器12，其中，所述偏振器12设置于所述保护片5背离所述发光面的一侧，所述第二位相延迟器11设置于所述分光器10与所述偏振器12之间。
在本申请的一些例子中可以设计，所述显示单元6发射出的入射光通过所述偏振器12可转换为线偏振光，再通过所述第二位相延迟器11可转化为圆偏振光。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述偏振器12为线偏振片。
所述线偏振片可直接于所述显示单元6的所述发光面上。
所述显示单元6的发光面所发射出的光线在经过所述偏振器12时，可以转化为线偏振光。
其中，所述偏振器12为一种线偏振器，其具有光线透过的透过轴，其透过轴的方向可以为沿着水平方向、竖直方向或者其他任一方向。
此外，还需要说明的是，当所述显示单元6直接发出圆偏振光时，可以在光学模组中取消所述偏振器12和所述第二位相延迟器11。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述第一位相延迟器9和所述第二位相延迟器11中的至少一个为四分之一波片。
例如，所述第一位相延迟器9和所述第二位相延迟器11相同，且均为四分之一波片。
四分之一波片能够用于实现线偏振光转化为圆偏振光，以及圆偏振光转化为线偏振光。
在本申请的实施例中，靠近所述显示单元6一侧的所述第二位相延迟器11位于所述偏振器12与所述分光器10之间，而远离所述显示单元6一侧的所述第一位相延迟器9位于所述分光器10与所述偏振反射器8之间。如图1、图5和图6所示，所述光学模组中的光线7在经过四分之一波片时，光线7可以由圆偏振态转化为线偏振态。
在本申请的实施例中，所述第一位相延迟器9和所述第二位相延迟器11例如可以设置为独立的光学器件，当然也可以为膜层结构。
所述第一位相延迟器9和所述第二位相延迟器11例如为独立的光学器件时，可通过其他部件固定在光路结构中，例如镜筒等。具体地，镜筒内壁设置有卡槽，将位相延迟器卡接于卡槽内即可。
所述第一位相延迟器9和所述第二位相延迟器11为膜层结构时，可以将其直接贴附在相应的光学元件上即可。
本领域技术人员可以根据需要灵活调整所述第一位相延迟器9和所述第二位相延迟器11在光路结构中的设置方式，本申请在此不再具体描述。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述偏振器12具有光线透过的透过轴，所述偏振器12的透过轴与所述第二位相延迟器11的快轴或者慢轴之间的夹角设置为45°。
其中，所述第二位相延迟器11和所述偏振器12沿所述显示单元6的发光面发射出的光线的传播方向依次设置，所述偏振器12具有透过轴，所述偏振器12的透过轴与所述第二位相延迟器11的快轴之间的夹角为45°；其夹角可以是正45°，也可以是负45°。所述第二位相延迟器11具有快轴 和慢轴。其中，与所述线偏器12的透过轴方向相同的可以透过所述偏振器12，而与所述偏振器12的透过轴方向正交的，无法透过所述偏振器12。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述偏振反射器8具有光线透过的透过轴，所述偏振反射器8的透过轴与所述第一位相延迟器9的快轴或者慢轴之间的夹角设置为45°。
所述偏振反射器8是一种水平线偏振光反射，竖直线偏振光透过的偏振反射器，或者其他任一特定角度线偏振光反射，与该角度垂直方向线偏振光透过的偏振反射器。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述分光器10为半反半透膜，所述半反半透膜设于所述第一透镜4的第一表面(后表面)上。这样，所述分光器10与所述第一透镜4的第一表面结合在一起。
如图1、图5和图6所示，所述半反半透膜能保证部分光线过，部分光线反射。
所述半反半透膜例如贴设在所述第一透镜4的第一表面上。
此外，所述分光器10可以设置为独立的光学器件设置于光路结构中，其也可以设置为膜层结构贴设在所述第一透镜4的第一表面上，本领域技术人员可以根据具体需要灵活选择，本申请在此不作具体限制。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述显示单元6为自发光式屏幕或者反射式屏幕。
所述显示单元6所发出的光线例如可以是线偏振光，也可以是圆偏振光，当然还可以是自然光。
其中，所述自发光式屏幕包括但不限于LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)、LED(Light Emitting Diode)、OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode)、Micro-OLED(Micro-Organic Light-Emitting Diode)、ULED(UltraLightEmitting Diode)等。
其中，所述反射式屏幕包括但不限于DMD(Digital MicromirrorDevice)数字微镜芯片。
在本申请的一些例子中，所述保护片5为玻璃片或者透光的塑料片。
为了保护所述显示单元6，在所述显示单元6的发光面(出光面)设 置有所述保护片5(例如为玻璃片等)。
本领域技术人员可以根据具体的要求调整所述保护片5的材质，本申请在此不作具体限制。
下面结合图1对本申请实施例提供的光学模组的工作原理进行说明。
在所述光学模组中设置有两个透镜，即所述第一透镜4和所述第二透镜3，在此基础之上，所述光学模组包括有光阑2、第二透镜3、第一透镜4、保护片5、显示单元6(具有发光面，能发射出入射光)、偏振反射器8、第一位相延迟器9、分光器10、第二位相延迟器11及偏振器12。
其中，所述显示单元6的发光面所发出的入射光透过所述保护片5和所述偏振器12之后成为水平线偏振光，透过所述第二位相延迟器11之后可成为左旋或右旋圆偏振光，透过所述分光器10和所述第一透镜4之后，再透过所述第一位相延迟器9成为水平线偏振光；再被所述偏振反射器8反射之后，就成为水平线偏振光，然后透过所述第一位相延迟器9和所述第一透镜4之后成为了左旋或右旋圆偏振光，再由所述分光器10反射之后形成右旋或左旋圆偏振光，再次透过所述第一透镜4和所述第一位相延迟器9之后，就成为了竖直线偏振光，然后透过所述第二透镜3之后，即可进入光阑2(人眼)成像。
其中，所述保护片5，所述第二位相延迟器11及所述偏振器12距离所述显示单元6的发光面越近时，所述保护片5，所述第二位相延迟器11及所述偏振器12的外观缺陷经过远离所述显示单元6一侧成像镜组后放大倍数越大，就越容易被人眼察觉。因此，所述保护片5，所述第二位相延迟器11及所述偏振器12距离所述显示单元6的发光表面越近，对其的外观要求越高。
本申请实施例提供的光学模组通过增大光路结构中所述显示单元6前方的保护片5与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离，就能够改善所述保护片5上的外观缺陷经远离所述显示单元6一侧的成像镜组而被放大到人眼容易观察到的倍数，导致人眼容易发现所述保护片5及其表面上的膜材(例如第二位相延迟器11及偏振器12)的外观缺陷，这样可降低对所述保护片及其表面膜材的外观要求。
实施例1
如图1所示，所述光学模组包括显示单元6，所述显示单元6具有发 光面，所述发光面能够用于发射入射光(也即光线或成像光束)；
所述发光面的一侧设置有保护片5，所述保护片5与所述显示单元6的发光面之间设置有间隔，所述间隔设置为3.8mm。这样，有效减低了光学模组中所述保护片5等的外观缺陷要求。
其中，沿所述光轴1方向上，所述保护片5朝向所述显示单元6的发光面的表面(即所述保护片5的后表面)与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离设置为T1＝3.8，所述分光器10与所述偏振反射器8之间的距离设置为T2＝0.08+0+0.08+0.2+9.8＝10.16，如图5所示，所述T1与所述T2的比值设置为0.37。
在表1中示出了实施例1的具体参数。
表1 结构参数表
Figure PCTCN2022102062-appb-000001
图2、图3及图4分别示出了在450nm、540nm、610nm下，本申请实施例提供的光学模组调制传递函数MTF曲线。
从图2-图4中可以看出：在70lp/mm空间频率下：
450nm波长下，系统MTF值高于0.75；
540nm波长下，系统MTF值高于0.7；
610nm波长下，系统MTF高于0.65。
实施例2
如图5所示，所述光学模组包括显示单元6，所述显示单元6具有发光面，所述发光面用于发射入射光(也即光线或成像光束)，所述发光面的一侧设置有保护片5，所述保护片5与所述显示单元6的发光面之间设置有间隔，所述间隔设置为0.5mm。这样，有效减低了光学模组中所述保护片5等的外观缺陷要求。
其中，沿所述光轴1方向上，所述保护片5朝向所述显示单元6的发光面的表面(即所述保护片5的后表面)与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离设置为T1＝0.5，所述分光器10与所述偏振反射器8之间的距离设置为T2＝0.08+0+0.08+0.2+14.3＝14.66，如图5所示，所述T1与所述T2的比值设置为0.03。
表2示出了实施例2的具体参数。
表2 结构参数表
Figure PCTCN2022102062-appb-000002
实施例3
如图6所示，所述光学模组包括显示单元6，所述显示单元6具有发 光面，所述发光面用于发射入射光(也即光线或成像光束)，在所述发光面的一侧设置有保护片5，所述保护片5与所述显示单元6的发光面之间设置有间隔，所述间隔设置为10.7mm。有效减低了光学模组中所述保护片5等的外观缺陷要求。
其中，沿所述光轴1方向，所述保护片5朝向所述显示单元6的发光面的表面(即所述保护片5的后表面)与所述显示单元6的发光面之间的距离设置为T1＝10.7，所述分光器10与所述偏振反射器8之间的距离设置为T2＝0.08+0+0.08+0.2+6.9＝7.26，如图6所示，所述T1与所述T2的比值为1.5。该实施例有效减低了光学模组中所述保护片5等的外观缺陷要求。
表3示出了实施例3的具体参数。
表3结构参数表
Figure PCTCN2022102062-appb-000003
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供了一种头戴显示设备。
所述头戴显示设备包括壳体和如上文的光学模组，光学模组设于壳体。
其中，壳体能够提供一个支撑光学模组的安装空间，光学模组设置在壳体内，如此能够避免外部环境的水汽或者灰尘落入到光学模组的内部。
所述头戴显示设备例如为VR设备。
上文实施例中重点描述的是各个实施例之间的不同，各个实施例之间不同的优化特征只要不矛盾，均可以组合形成更优的实施例，考虑到行文简洁，在此则不再赘述。
虽然已经通过例子对本申请的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本申请的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本申请的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本申请的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种光学模组，其特征在于，包括：
    显示单元(6)，所述显示单元(6)具有发光面，所述发光面用于发射出入射光，所述发光面的一侧设置有保护片(5)，所述保护片(5)与所述发光面之间设置有间隔，所述间隔设置为≥0.5mm；
    第一透镜(4)，所述第一透镜(4)沿所述入射光的传播方向设置，所述第一透镜(4)包括朝向所述显示单元(6)的第一表面和背离所述显示单元(6)的第二表面；以及
    偏振反射器(8)，第一位相延迟器(9)和分光器(10)；所述分光器(10)设置于所述第一表面的一侧，所述偏振反射器(8)设置在所述第二表面的一侧，所述第一位相延迟器(9)设置于所述偏振反射器(8)与所述分光器(10)之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述保护片(5)朝向所述发光面的表面与所述发光面之间的距离设置为T1，所述分光器(10)与所述偏振反射器(8)之间的距离设置为T2，所述T1与所述T2的比值设置为0.03～1.5。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述光学模组还包括第二透镜(3)，所述第二透镜(3)设置在所述第一透镜(4)的第二表面的一侧，所述第二透镜(3)和所述第一透镜(4)位于同一光轴(1)上；
    所述第二透镜(3)包括朝向所述第一透镜(4)的第三表面和背离所述第一透镜(4)的第四表面；
    所述偏振反射器(8)设于所述第三表面上，所述第一位相延迟器(9)设于所述偏振反射器(8)朝向所述第一透镜(4)的表面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述偏振反射器(8)和所述第一位相延迟器(9)设于的所述第三表面为平面、球面、非球面、 自由曲面或者柱面其中的任意一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述光学模组还包括第二位相延迟器(11)和偏振器(12)，所述偏振器(12)设置于所述保护片(5)背离所述发光面的一侧，所述第二位相延迟器(11)设置于所述分光器(10)与所述偏振器(12)之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述偏振器(12)为线偏振片。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述第一位相延迟器(9)和所述第二位相延迟器(11)中的至少一个为四分之一波片。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述偏振器(12)具有光线透过的透过轴，所述偏振器(12)的透过轴与所述第二位相延迟器(11)的快轴或者慢轴之间的夹角设置为45°。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述偏振反射器(8)具有光线透过的透过轴，所述偏振反射器(8)的透过轴与所述第一位相延迟器(9)的快轴或者慢轴之间的夹角设置为45°。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述分光器(10)为半反半透膜，所述半反半透膜设于所述第一表面上。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述显示单元(6)为自发光式屏幕或者反射式屏幕。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述保护片(5)为玻璃片或者透光的塑料片。
  13. 一种头戴显示设备，其特征在于：包括：
    壳体；以及
    如权利要求1-12中任意一项所述的光学模组，所述光学模组设置于所述壳体。
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