WO2023093751A1 - 功耗降低电路、开关电源系统 - Google Patents

功耗降低电路、开关电源系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023093751A1
WO2023093751A1 PCT/CN2022/133667 CN2022133667W WO2023093751A1 WO 2023093751 A1 WO2023093751 A1 WO 2023093751A1 CN 2022133667 W CN2022133667 W CN 2022133667W WO 2023093751 A1 WO2023093751 A1 WO 2023093751A1
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Prior art keywords
module
pfc
power supply
switching power
current
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PCT/CN2022/133667
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁杰
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to but not limited to the field of switching power supply technology.
  • a switching power supply is required.
  • the switching power supply itself still consumes a lot of power.
  • the power consumption of the switching power supply can be reduced by reducing the switching frequency, reducing the output voltage, and making the power conversion module work intermittently, but the circuits for implementing these methods are relatively complicated and costly; moreover, the above methods only It can be used when the switching power supply has no load or is in standby, but cannot be used when the load is light but there is still a load (light load), resulting in a waste of energy when the switching power supply is under light load.
  • the disclosure provides a power consumption reduction circuit and a switching power supply system.
  • the present disclosure provides a power consumption reduction circuit for a switching power supply
  • the switching power supply includes a power factor correction PFC module
  • the PFC module includes a PFC diode
  • the power consumption reduction circuit includes: a switching module, which The two ends are configured to be respectively connected to the switching power supply, and the two connection positions of the switching power supply and the switching power supply are respectively located on both sides of the PFC diode;
  • the current detection module is configured to detect the current in the switching power supply;
  • the switch control module It is configured to control the switch module to turn on when the current detected by the current detection module is lower than a first threshold, and control the switch module to turn off when the current detected by the current detection module exceeds a second threshold; the second The second threshold is not less than the first threshold.
  • the present disclosure provides a switching power supply system, which includes a switching power supply and any power consumption reduction circuit described herein; wherein, the switching power supply includes a PFC module, and the PFC module includes a PFC diode; the power Two ends of the switch module of the power consumption reduction circuit are respectively connected to the switching power supply, and the two connection positions of the switch module and the switching power supply are respectively located on both sides of the PFC diode.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power consumption reduction circuit provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of another switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a logic flow of another switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switching power supply system provided by the present disclosure.
  • the terms used in the present disclosure are for describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.
  • the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
  • the singular forms “a” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
  • the terms “comprising”, “made up of” designate the presence of said features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, Integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but includes modifications of configurations formed based on manufacturing processes. Accordingly, the regions illustrated in the figures have schematic properties, and the shapes of the regions shown in the figures illustrate the specific shapes of the regions of the elements, but are not intended to be limiting.
  • a switching power supply is used as a power supply for many devices, for example, as a power supply for a Remote Radio Unit (RRU, Radio Remote Unit).
  • RRU Remote Radio Unit
  • Switching power supply is also called switching power supply and switching converter, which can convert the input voltage into voltage or current of different forms and different parameter values required by the user, such as converting alternating current into direct current.
  • a power factor correction (PFC, Power Factor Correction) module can be installed in the switching power supply, and the PFC module usually includes PFC diodes, inductors, capacitors, MOS tubes and other devices.
  • the PFC module (such as a PFC diode) itself will consume more power consumption, resulting in energy waste.
  • the power consumption of the switching power supply is reduced by reducing the switching frequency, reducing the output voltage, and making the power conversion module work intermittently.
  • the circuits for realizing these methods are relatively complicated and costly; on the other hand , the above methods can only be applied when the switching power supply is no-load or in standby, and cannot be used for light load.
  • the present disclosure provides a power consumption reduction circuit for a switching power supply, the switching power supply includes a PFC module, and the PFC module includes a PFC diode.
  • the power consumption reducing circuit of the embodiment of the present disclosure is used to cooperate with the switching power supply, so as to reduce the power consumption of the switching power supply, especially the power consumption at light load.
  • the switching power supply suitable for the power consumption reduction circuit of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a PFC (power factor correction) module for adjusting the power factor, and the PFC module includes a diode, that is, a PFC diode.
  • the switching power supply may also include DC (direct current)-DC conversion module, EMI (electromagnetic interference) filter module, rectifier bridge and other structures, and its PFC module may also include inductors, capacitors, Other devices such as MOS transistors will not be described in detail here.
  • the power consumption reduction circuit may include: a switch module, the two ends of which are configured to be connected to the switching power supply respectively, and the two connection positions of the switching power supply and the switching power supply are respectively located at the two ends of the PFC diode. side; a current detection module, which is configured to detect the current in the switching power supply; a switch control module, which is configured to control the switch module to be turned on when the current detected by the current detection module is lower than the first threshold, and when the current detection module detects When the current exceeds the second threshold, the control switch module is turned off; the second threshold is not less than the first threshold.
  • the power consumption reduction circuit of the embodiment of the present disclosure has a switch module, and the switch module can function as a switch, that is, it can turn on or off both ends of itself.
  • the two ends of the switching module are configured to be connected to the corresponding switching power supply respectively, and the two connection points between the switching module and the switching power supply are respectively located on both sides of the PFC diode (both sides along the signal transmission direction) in the switching power supply, that is,
  • the switch module is "in parallel" with at least the PFC diode.
  • the current detection module of the power consumption reduction circuit is configured to detect the current at a certain position in the switching power supply, and the switch control module turns on the switching module when the current is low (below the first threshold), that is, the switching power supply
  • the part connected in parallel with the switch module in the switching power supply is "short circuited"; and if the above current is high (when exceeding the second threshold), the switch module is turned off, so the part connected in parallel with the switch module in the switching power supply is no longer "short circuited".
  • the switch control module only needs to be able to ensure that the switch module handles the corresponding state when the current is in different ranges.
  • the current can be detected, and the magnitude of the detected current can be judged. If it is lower than the first threshold, the switching module is controlled to be turned on, and if it exceeds the second threshold, the switching module is controlled to be turned off. And return to continue detection after adjustment (that is, real-time detection).
  • the second threshold cannot be smaller than the first threshold, so as to prevent the ranges of the two thresholds from overlapping.
  • the second threshold may be equal to the first threshold, that is, the state of the switch module may switch at a "point" of the first threshold (also the second threshold); or, the second threshold may also be slightly greater than the first threshold, That is, when the current gradually decreases to the first threshold, the switch module switches from the off state to the on state, and then the switch module can switch back to the off state again when the current gradually increases to exceed the second threshold.
  • the switch module of the power consumption reduction circuit is at least "parallel connected" on both sides of the PFC diode of the switching power supply.
  • the switch control module controls the switch module to conduct , which is equivalent to at least “shorting" the PFC diode, so that no current will flow through the PFC diode, and the PFC diode will no longer have power consumption, which can achieve the effect of saving energy when reducing light load or no load; and because of this
  • the load of the switching power supply is low (light load or no load), even if the PFC diode is shorted, it does not significantly affect its power factor.
  • the switch module includes at least one of a relay, a triode, and a thyristor.
  • the switch module can be a relay, for example, refer to the inductor and switch in FIG. 6 to FIG. 13 ; however, the switch module can also be a triode (such as a MOS transistor), a thyristor, and the like.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the specific form of the switch module, as long as it is a structure that can function as a "switch".
  • the present disclosure provides a switching power supply system, which includes a switching power supply and any power consumption reduction circuit in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the above power consumption reduction circuit can be connected to a switching power supply, thereby obtaining a "switching power supply system" according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the switching power supply includes a PFC module, and the PFC module includes a PFC diode;
  • the two connection positions are respectively located on both sides of the PFC diode.
  • the switching power supply in the switching power supply system includes a PFC module, and the PFC module includes a PFC diode, and the two ends of the switching module of the power consumption reduction circuit are connected to both sides of the PFC diode respectively (along the signal transmission both sides of the direction).
  • both ends of the switch module are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the PFC diode.
  • both ends of the switch module can be directly connected to the input and output terminals of the PFC diode, that is, the switch power supply can be "only connected in parallel" to the PFC diode, without paralleling other components of the PFC module .
  • both ends of the switch module are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the PFC module.
  • both ends of the switch module can also be directly connected to the input and output ends of the PFC module as a whole, that is, the switch module can also "completely parallel" the entire PFC module.
  • the switching power supply further includes: a PFC control module configured to control the PFC module; controlling the PFC module includes controlling the PFC module to turn off when the current detected by the current detection module is lower than the first threshold, and the current detection module When the detected current exceeds the second threshold, the PFC module is controlled to turn on.
  • a PFC control module configured to control the PFC module
  • controlling the PFC module includes controlling the PFC module to turn off when the current detected by the current detection module is lower than the first threshold, and the current detection module When the detected current exceeds the second threshold, the PFC module is controlled to turn on.
  • the switching power supply may also include a PFC control module; at this time, when the switch module needs to be turned on (the current is lower than the first threshold), the PFC control module can also be used to control The PFC module is completely closed (stop working) to further reduce its power consumption; and when the switch module needs to be turned off (the current exceeds the second threshold), the PFC control module is used to control the PFC module to be turned on (working), so that the PFC module It plays the role of adjusting the power factor when the load is large.
  • a PFC control module at this time, when the switch module needs to be turned on (the current is lower than the first threshold), the PFC control module can also be used to control The PFC module is completely closed (stop working) to further reduce its power consumption; and when the switch module needs to be turned off (the current exceeds the second threshold), the PFC control module is used to control the PFC module to be turned on (working), so that the PFC module It plays the role of adjusting the power factor when the load is large.
  • the PFC control module is multiplexed as a switch control module; the PFC control module is also configured to control the switch module to turn on when the current detected by the current detection module is lower than the first threshold, and when the current detected by the current detection module When the current exceeds the second threshold, the control switch module is turned off.
  • the PFC control module In order to realize the control of the PFC module, the PFC control module must have corresponding judgment and control functions. Therefore, referring to Figure 3, the PFC control module can be multiplexed as a switch control module, that is, the PFC control module can realize various functions of the switch control module. function, so that the PFC control module can not only control the PFC module according to the detected current, but also control the switch module at the same time, so as to simplify the product structure.
  • the PFC module is independent of the structure of the PFC control module, even if there is no PFC control module in the switching power supply, it is also feasible.
  • the current detection module is connected to the input terminal of the PFC module and is configured to detect the current input to the PFC module.
  • the current detection module is connected to the inside of the PFC module and is configured to detect the current inside the PFC module.
  • the current detection module can be connected to the input terminal of the PFC module to detect the current input to the PFC module, so the subsequent control of the switch module (and the PFC module) can be realized according to the current.
  • the current detection module can also be connected to the inside of the PFC module to detect the current inside the PFC module, so the switch module (and the PFC module) can be controlled subsequently according to the current.
  • the current detection module is connected to the output terminal of the switching power supply, and is used for detecting the current output from the switching power supply.
  • the current detection module can also be connected to the output terminal of the switching power supply, so as to detect the current output from the switching power supply as a whole, so the subsequent detection of the switching module (and PFC module) can be realized according to the current. control.
  • the switching power supply further includes: a PFC control module configured to control the PFC module; a DC-DC conversion module connected between the output terminal of the PFC module and the output terminal of the switching power supply; the DC-DC control module , which is configured to control the DC-DC conversion module; the PFC control module and the DC-DC control module are multiplexed as a switch control module; the DC-DC control module is also configured to: when the current detected by the current detection module is lower than the first threshold Send a first instruction to the PFC control module, so that the PFC control module controls the PFC module to close and the control switch module to turn on; and, when the current detected by the current detection module exceeds the second threshold, send a second instruction to the PFC control module, so that the PFC The control module controls the PFC module to turn on and controls the switch module to turn off.
  • a PFC control module configured to control the PFC module
  • a DC-DC conversion module connected between the output terminal of the PFC module and the output terminal of the switching power supply
  • a DC-DC conversion module can also be provided after the PFC module, and the DC-DC control module controls the output according to the current at the output end of the switching power supply.
  • the DC-DC converter module works.
  • the whole of the PFC control module and the DC-DC control module can be reused as a switch control module, that is, the PFC control module and the DC-DC control module can realize various functions of the switch control module.
  • the DC-DC control module can receive the detected current, and control the DC-DC conversion module according to it, and at the same time send a corresponding control command to the PFC control module, so that the PFC control module can further control the work of the PFC module and the switch module .
  • the switching power supply may also have other structures such as an EMI filter module and a rectifier bridge (not shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 ) before the PFC module, and the PFC module may also include an inductor , Capacitors, MOS tubes and other devices will not be described in detail here.
  • the switching power supply system may include an input terminal of the switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, a DC-DC control module, a current Output terminals of detection module, relay (switch module), and switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductors, MOS tubes, PFC diodes, and capacitors.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the source of the MOS transistor is connected to the cathode of the capacitor, and the gate is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the two contacts of the relay are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the PFC diode, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • One end of the DC-DC control module is connected to the current detection module, one end is connected to the DC-DC conversion module, the other end is connected to the PFC control module, and the current detection module is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the output current, and after the DC-DC control module obtains the current signal, it compares the obtained current with the preset value (the first threshold and the second threshold) Compare, when the current is lower than the preset value (such as the first threshold), send a signal (first instruction) to the PFC control module; the PFC control module closes the PFC module after receiving the signal, and then controls the relay to conduct, and the current no longer passes through Instead, the PFC diode flows directly to the capacitor through the relay, because the relay does not have a fixed voltage drop like the PFC diode, and the loss of the current generated on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced.
  • the preset value eg, the second threshold
  • a switching power supply system may include an input terminal of a switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, a DC-DC control module, a current Output terminals of detection module, relay (switch module), and switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductors, MOS tubes, PFC diodes, and capacitors.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the source of the MOS transistor is connected to the cathode of the capacitor, and the gate is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One contact of the relay is connected to the negative pole of the PFC diode, the other contact is connected to the positive pole of the rectifier bridge, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • One end of the DC-DC control module is connected to the current detection module, one end is connected to the DC-DC conversion module, the other end is connected to the PFC control module, and the current detection module is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • connection position of one contact of the relay is moved from the anode of the PFC diode to the anode of the rectifier bridge.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the output current.
  • the DC-DC control module obtains the current signal, it compares the obtained current with the preset value (the first threshold and the second threshold).
  • a signal (first instruction) is sent to the PFC control module; the PFC control module closes the PFC module after receiving the signal, and then controls the relay to be turned on, and the current no longer passes through the PFC diode and inductor , but directly flows to the capacitor through the relay, because the relay does not have a fixed voltage drop like the PFC diode, the loss of the current on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced.
  • the PFC module should be controlled to be turned on, and the relay should be turned off.
  • the switching power supply system may include an input terminal of the switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, and a DC-DC control module (not shown in FIG. Shown), current detection module, relay (switch module), output end of switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductors, MOS tubes, PFC diodes, and capacitors.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the source of the MOS transistor is connected to the cathode of the capacitor, and the gate is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the two contacts of the relay are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the PFC diode, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • a DC-DC control module (not shown) is connected to the DC-DC conversion module.
  • One end of the current detection module is connected to the positive pole of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the current detection module is connected to the positive pole of the rectifier bridge, and the DC-DC control module is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the current input to the PFC module.
  • the PFC control module After the PFC control module obtains the current signal, it compares the obtained current with the preset value (the first threshold and the second threshold). When the current is lower than the preset value (for example, the first threshold), the PFC control module turns off the PFC module, and then controls the relay to be turned on. The current no longer passes through the PFC diode, but flows directly to the capacitor through the relay, because the relay does not have the same power as the PFC diode.
  • the loss caused by the current on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced.
  • the PFC module should be controlled to be turned on, and the relay should be turned off.
  • the switching power supply system may include an input terminal of the switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, and a DC-DC control module (not shown in FIG. Shown), current detection module, relay (switch module), output end of switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductors, MOS tubes, PFC diodes, and capacitors.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the source of the MOS transistor is connected to the cathode of the capacitor, and the gate is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One contact of the relay is connected to the cathode of the PFC diode, the other contact is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • a DC-DC control module (not shown) is connected to the DC-DC conversion module.
  • One end of the current detection module is connected to the positive pole of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the connection position of one contact of the relay is moved from the anode of the PFC diode to the anode of the rectifier bridge.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the current input to the PFC module.
  • the PFC control module After the PFC control module obtains the current signal, it compares the obtained current with the preset value (the first threshold and the second threshold). When the current is lower than the preset value (such as the first threshold), the PFC control module turns off the PFC module, and then controls the relay to turn on.
  • the current no longer passes through the PFC diode and inductor, but flows directly to the capacitor through the relay, because the relay is not like a PFC
  • the diode has a fixed voltage drop, and the loss caused by the current on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced.
  • the PFC module should be controlled to be turned on, and the relay should be turned off.
  • the switching power supply system may include an input terminal of the switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, and a DC-DC control module (not shown Shown), current detection module, relay (switch module), output end of switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductor, MOS tube, PFC diode, capacitor, and current-sensing resistor.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the two contacts of the relay are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the PFC diode, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • a DC-DC control module (not shown) is connected to the DC-DC conversion module.
  • One end of the current detection module is connected to the source of the MOS tube, and the other end is connected to the PFC control module; one end of the current detection resistor is connected to the source of the MOS tube, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor.
  • the current detection module is internally connected to the PFC module (specifically, the source of the MOS transistor), and the PFC module increases the current detection resistor.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the current input to the PFC module through the current detection resistor.
  • the PFC control module After the PFC control module obtains the current signal, it compares the obtained current with the preset value (the first threshold and the second threshold ) for comparison, when the current is lower than the preset value (for example, the first threshold), the PFC control module turns off the PFC module, and then controls the relay to turn on, and the current no longer passes through the PFC diode, but flows directly to the capacitor through the relay, because the relay does not Like the PFC diode has a fixed voltage drop, the loss of the current generated on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced. Of course, if the subsequent current increases to exceed the preset value (eg, the second threshold), the PFC module should be controlled to be turned on, and the relay should be turned off.
  • the preset value eg. the second threshold
  • the switching power supply system may include an input terminal of the switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, and a DC-DC control module (not shown in FIG. Shown), current detection module, relay (switch module), output end of switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductor, MOS tube, PFC diode, capacitor, and current-sensing resistor.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One contact of the relay is connected to the cathode of the PFC diode, the other contact is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • a DC-DC control module (not shown) is connected to the DC-DC conversion module.
  • One end of the current detection module is connected to the source of the MOS tube, and the other end is connected to the PFC control module; one end of the current detection resistor is connected to the source of the MOS tube, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor.
  • connection position of one contact of the relay is moved from the anode of the PFC diode to the anode of the rectifier bridge.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the current input to the PFC module through the current detection resistor.
  • the PFC control module After the PFC control module obtains the current signal, it compares the obtained current with the preset value (the first threshold and the second threshold ) for comparison, when the current is lower than the preset value (such as the first threshold), the PFC control module turns off the PFC module, and then controls the relay to turn on, the current no longer passes through the PFC diode and inductor, but flows directly to the capacitor through the relay, because The relay does not have a fixed voltage drop like the PFC diode, the loss of the current generated on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced. Of course, if the subsequent current increases to exceed the preset value (eg, the second threshold), the PFC module should be controlled to be turned on, and the relay should be turned off.
  • the preset value eg. the second threshold
  • the switching power supply system may include an input terminal of the switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, and a DC-DC control module (not shown in FIG. Shown), current detection module, relay (switch module), output end of switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductors, MOS tubes, PFC diodes, and capacitors.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the source of the MOS transistor is connected to the cathode of the capacitor, and the gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the two contacts of the relay are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the PFC diode, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • a DC-DC control module (not shown) is connected to the DC-DC conversion module.
  • One end of the current detection module is connected to the inductance mutual inductance winding, and the other end is connected to the PFC control module.
  • the current detection module is changed from being connected to a current detection resistor to being connected to an inductance mutual inductance winding.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the current input to the PFC module through the mutual inductance winding of the inductor.
  • the PFC control module turns off the PFC module, and then controls the relay to be turned on, and the current no longer passes through the PFC diode, but directly flows to the capacitor through the relay, because The relay does not have a fixed voltage drop like the PFC diode, the loss of the current generated on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced.
  • the preset value e.g, the second threshold
  • the switching power supply system may include an input terminal of the switching power supply, an EMI filter module, a rectifier bridge, a PFC module, a PFC control module, a DC-DC conversion module, and a DC-DC control module (not shown in FIG. Shown), current detection module, relay (switch module), output end of switching power supply.
  • one end of the EMI filter module is connected to the input end of the switching power supply, and the other end is connected to the rectifier bridge.
  • the PFC module includes: inductors, MOS tubes, PFC diodes, and capacitors.
  • One end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the other end is connected to the anode of the PFC diode and the drain of the MOS transistor; the cathode of the PFC diode is connected to the anode of the capacitor shown; the source of the MOS transistor is connected to the cathode of the capacitor, and the gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One contact of the relay is connected to the cathode of the PFC diode, the other contact is connected to the anode of the rectifier bridge, and the control terminal is connected to the PFC control module.
  • One end of the DC-DC conversion module is connected to the PFC module, and the other end is connected to the output end of the switching power supply.
  • a DC-DC control module (not shown) is connected to the DC-DC conversion module.
  • One end of the current detection module is connected to the inductance mutual inductance winding, and the other end is connected to the PFC control module.
  • connection position of one contact of the relay is moved from the anode of the PFC diode to the anode of the rectifier bridge.
  • the switching power supply works normally; the current detection module continuously detects the current input to the PFC module through the mutual inductance winding with the inductor.
  • the PFC control module turns off the PFC module, and then controls the relay to turn on, the current no longer passes through the PFC diode and inductor, but directly flows to the capacitor through the relay , because the relay does not have a fixed voltage drop like the PFC diode, the loss of the current generated on the relay is much lower than that of the PFC diode, and the power consumption of the switching power supply under light load conditions is reduced.
  • the preset value eg, the second threshold
  • the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be composed of several physical components. Components cooperate to execute.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种功耗降低电路，其用于开关电源，所述开关电源包括功率因数校正PFC模块，所述PFC模块包括PFC二极管，所述功耗降低电路包括：开关模块，其两端配置为分别与开关电源连接，且其与开关电源的两个连接位置分别位于所述PFC二极管的两侧；电流检测模块，其配置为检测所述开关电源中的电流；开关控制模块，其配置为在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制开关模块导通，并在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制开关模块关断；所述第二阈值不小于第一阈值。本申请还提供了一种开关电源系统。

Description

功耗降低电路、开关电源系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2021年11月29日提交给中国专利局的第202111435008.7号专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及但不限于开关电源技术领域。
背景技术
很多情况下(如射频拉远单元)需要用到开关电源。但在连接的负载较轻时，开关电源本身仍有较大功耗。在一些相关技术中，可通过降低开关频率、降低输出电压、使功率转换模块间歇工作等方式降低开关电源的功耗，但实现这些方式的电路都比较复杂，成本高；而且，以上方式都只能在开关电源空载或者待机时应用，而无法用于负载较轻但仍有负载(轻载)的情况，从而造成开关电源在轻载时浪费能源。
发明内容
本公开提供一种功耗降低电路、开关电源系统。
第一方面，本公开提供一种功耗降低电路，用于开关电源，所述开关电源包括功率因数校正PFC模块，所述PFC模块包括PFC二极管，所述功耗降低电路包括：开关模块，其两端配置为分别与开关电源连接，且其与开关电源的两个连接位置分别位于所述PFC二极管的两侧；电流检测模块，其配置为检测所述开关电源中的电流；开关控制模块，其配置为在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制开关模块导通，并在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制开关模块关断；所述第二阈值不小于第一阈值。
第二方面，本公开提供一种开关电源系统，其包括开关电源和本 文所述任意一种功耗降低电路；其中，所述开关电源包括PFC模块，所述PFC模块包括PFC二极管；所述功耗降低电路的开关模块的两端分别与开关电源连接，且其与开关电源的两个连接位置分别位于所述PFC二极管的两侧。
附图说明
图1为本公开提供的一种功耗降低电路的组成框图；
图2为本公开提供的一种开关电源系统的组成框图；
图3为本公开提供的另一种开关电源系统的组成框图；
图4为本公开提供的另一种开关电源系统的组成框图；
图5为本公开提供的另一种开关电源系统工作时的逻辑流程示意图；
图6为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图；
图7为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图；
图8为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图；
图9为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图；
图10为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图；
图11为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图；
图12为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图；
图13为本公开提供的开关电源系统的电路结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图对本公开实施方式提供的功耗降低电路、开关电源系统进行详细描述。
在下文中将参考附图更充分地描述本公开，但是所示的实施方式可以以不同形式来体现，且本公开不应当被解释为限于以下阐述的实施方式。反之，提供这些实施方式的目的在于使本公开透彻和完整，并将使本领域技术人员充分理解本公开的范围。
本公开实施方式的附图用来提供对本公开实施方式的进一步理 解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与详细实施方式一起用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的限制。通过参考附图对详细实施方式进行描述，以上和其它特征和优点对本领域技术人员将变得更加显而易见。
在不冲突的情况下，本公开各实施方式及实施方式中的各特征可相互组合。
本公开所使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施方式，且不意欲限制本公开。如本公开所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列举条目的任何和所有组合。如本公开所使用的单数形式“一个”和“该”也意欲包括复数形式，除非上下文另外清楚指出。如本公开所使用的术语“包括”、“由……制成”，指定存在所述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但不排除存在或添加一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组。
除非另外限定，否则本公开所用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)的含义与本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。还将理解，诸如那些在常用字典中限定的那些术语应当被解释为具有与其在相关技术以及本公开的背景下的含义一致的含义，且将不解释为具有理想化或过度形式上的含义，除非本公开明确如此限定。
本公开不限于附图中所示的实施方式，而是包括基于制造工艺而形成的配置的修改。因此，附图中例示的区具有示意性属性，并且图中所示区的形状例示了元件的区的具体形状，但并不是旨在限制性的。
在一些相关技术中，开关电源被用作很多设备的电源，例如用作射频拉远单元(RRU，Radio Remote Unit)的电源。
开关电源也称交换式电源、开关转换器，其可将输入电压转换为用户端所需求的不同形式、不同参数值的电压或电流，如将交流电转变为直流电等。
为实现电源信号的转换，开关电源必定会消耗一定的功率，这部分功率对负载而言属于无功功率。为降低无功功率，提高功率因数，开关电源中可设置有功率因数校正(PFC，Power Factor Correction)模块，而PFC模块通常包括PFC二极管、电感、电容、MOS管等器 件。
而当开关电源连接的负载较轻但仍有负载(轻载)时，PFC模块(如PFC二极管)本身反而会消耗较多的功耗，造成能源浪费。
在一些相关技术中，通过降低开关频率、降低输出电压、使功率转换模块间歇工作等方式降低开关电源的功耗，但是，一方面实现这些方式的电路都比较复杂，成本高；而另一方面，以上方式都只能在开关电源空载或者待机时应用，而无法用于轻载。
第一方面，本公开提供一种功耗降低电路，用于开关电源，开关电源包括PFC模块，PFC模块包括PFC二极管。
本公开实施方式的功耗降低电路用于与开关电源配合，从而降低开关电源的功耗，尤其是在轻载时的功耗。其中，参照图2，适用于本公开实施方式的功耗降低电路的开关电源包括用于调整功率因数的PFC(功率因数校正)模块，而PFC模块中包括二极管，即PFC二极管。
当然，参照图3、图4，开关电源中还可包括DC(直流)-DC转换模块、EMI(电磁干扰)滤波模块、整流桥等其它结构，而其PFC模块中也可包括电感、电容、MOS管等其它器件，在此不再详细描述。
参照图1、图2，在一些实施方式中，功耗降低电路可以包括：开关模块，其两端配置为分别与开关电源连接，且其与开关电源的两个连接位置分别位于PFC二极管的两侧；电流检测模块，其配置为检测开关电源中的电流；开关控制模块，其配置为在电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制开关模块导通，并在电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制开关模块关断；第二阈值不小于第一阈值。
参照图1、图2，本公开实施方式的功耗降低电路中具有开关模块，开关模块能起到开关作用，即能使自己的两端导通或关断。而开关模块两端配置为分别与对应的开关电源连接，且开关模块与开关电源的两个连接点，在开关电源中分别位于其PFC二极管两侧(沿信号传递方向的两侧)，即，开关模块至少与PFC二极管“并联”。
而功耗降低电路的电流检测模块配置为检测开关电源中某个位置的电流，开关控制模块则在该电流较低(低于第一阈值时)时将开关模块导通，也就是将开关电源中与开关模块并联的部分“短路”；而若以上电流较高(超过第二阈值时)则将开关模块关断，故开关电源中与开关模块并联的部分不再被“短路”。
其中，开关控制模块只要能在电流处于不同范围时保证开关模块处理相应状态即可。参照图5，在开关电源开始工作后，可检测电流，并断判断检测到的电流的大小，若其低于第一阈值则控制开关模块导通，超过第二阈值则控制开关模块关断，并在调整后返回继续检测(即实时检测)。
其中，第二阈值显然不能小于第一阈值，以免两个阈值的范围产生重叠。示例性地，第二阈值可以等于第一阈值，即开关模块的状态可在第一阈值(也是第二阈值)的一个“点”发生切换；或者，第二阈值也可略大于第一阈值，即当电流逐渐降低至第一阈值时开关模块从关断状态切换为导通状态，而此后电流需要逐渐增大至超过第二阈值时开关模块才能再次切换回关断状态。
本公开实施方式中，功耗降低电路的开关模块至少“并联”在开关电源的PFC二极管两侧，当开关电源中的电流较低(即负载较低)时，开关控制模块控制开关模块导通，相当于至少将PFC二极管“短路”，从而不会再有电流流过PFC二极管，PFC二极管也不会再有功耗，可达到在降低轻载或空载时节约能源的效果；而由于此时开关电源的负载较低(轻载或空载)，故即使PFC二极管被短接，也并不明显影响其功率因数。
在一些实施方式中，开关模块包括继电器、三极管、晶闸管中的至少一种。
作为本公开的一种示例性实施方式，开关模块可以是继电器，例如是参照图6至图13中的电感和开关；但是，开关模块也可为三极管(如MOS管)、晶闸管等。
总之，本公开实施方式对开关模块的具体形式不作限定，其只要是能起到“开关”作用的结构即可。
第二方面，本公开提供一种开关电源系统，其包括开关电源和本公开实施方式的任意一种功耗降低电路。
可将以上的功耗降低电路连接至开关电源，从而得到本公开实施方式的“开关电源系统”。
参照图2，在一些实施方式中，开关电源系统中，开关电源包括PFC模块，PFC模块包括PFC二极管；功耗降低电路的开关模块的两端分别与开关电源连接，且其与开关电源的两个连接位置分别位于PFC二极管的两侧。
参照图2，在一些实施方式中，开关电源系统中的开关电源包括PFC模块，而PFC模块包括PFC二极管，功耗降低电路的开关模块的两端分别连接至PFC二极管的两侧(沿信号传递方向的两侧)。
在一些实施方式中，开关模块的两端分别与PFC二极管的输入端和输出端连接。
参照图3，在一个示例性实施方式中，开关模块的两端可直接与PFC二极管的输入端和输出端连接，即，开关电源可“仅并联”PFC二极管，而不并联PFC模块的其它器件。
在一些实施方式中，开关模块的两端分别与PFC模块的输入端和输出端连接。
参照图4，在一个示例性实施方式中，开关模块的两端也可直接与PFC模块整体的输入端和输出端连接，即，开关模块也可将整个PFC模块“完全并联”。
在一些实施方式中，开关电源还包括：PFC控制模块，其配置为控制PFC模块；控制PFC模块包括在电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制PFC模块关闭，并在电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制PFC模块开启。
参照图3至图5，为实现对PFC模块的控制，开关电源中还可包括PFC控制模块；此时，当需要导通开关模块(电流低于第一阈值)时，还可用PFC控制模块控制PFC模块完全关闭(停止工作)，以进一步降低其功耗；而当需要关断开关模块(电流超过第二阈值)时，则用PFC控制模块控制PFC模块开启(进行工作)，以使PFC 模块在负载较大时起到调整功率因数的作用。
其中，应当理解，如果是开关模块将整个PFC模块“完全并联”，则开关模块导通时不论PFC模块状态如何其都会被“完全短路”，故此时不关闭PFC模块也是可行的。
在一些实施方式中，PFC控制模块复用为开关控制模块；PFC控制模块还配置为在电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制开关模块导通，并在电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制开关模块关断。
PFC控制模块为实现对PFC模块的控制，必然具有相应的判断、控制功能，故参照图3，可以是PFC控制模块复用为开关控制模块，即，PFC控制模块可实现开关控制模块的各项功能，从而PFC控制模块既可根据检测到的电流控制PFC模块，也可同时控制开关模块，以简化产品结构。
当然，若PFC模块是独立于PFC控制模块的结构，甚至开关电源中并无PFC控制模块，也都是可行的。
在一些实施方式中，电流检测模块连接PFC模块的输入端，配置为检测输入至PFC模块的电流。
在一些实施方式中，电流检测模块连接PFC模块内部，配置为检测PFC模块内部的电流。
参照图3，在一个示例性实施方式中，电流检测模块可连接PFC模块的输入端，以检测输入至PFC模块的电流，故后续可根据该电流实现对开关模块(以及PFC模块)的控制。
或者，在另一个示例性实施方式中，电流检测模块也可连接PFC模块内部，以检测PFC模块内部的电流，故后续可根据该电流实现对开关模块(以及PFC模块)的控制。
在一些实施方式中，电流检测模块连接开关电源的输出端，用于检测从开关电源输出的电流。
参照图4，在一个示例性实施方式中，电流检测模块也可连接开关电源的输出端，从而检测从开关电源整体输出的电流，故后续可根据该电流实现对开关模块(以及PFC模块)的控制。
在一些实施方式中，开关电源还包括：PFC控制模块，其配置为控制PFC模块；DC-DC转换模块，其连接在PFC模块的输出端与开关电源的输出端之间；DC-DC控制模块，其配置为控制DC-DC转换模块；PFC控制模块和DC-DC控制模块复用为开关控制模块；DC-DC控制模块还配置为：在电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时向PFC控制模块发出第一指令，使PFC控制模块控制PFC模块关闭和控制开关模块导通；以及，在电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时向PFC控制模块发出第二指令，使PFC控制模块控制PFC模块开启和控制开关模块关断。
参照图4，为了将从PFC模块输出的信号变为开关电源最终需要的输出，在PFC模块后还可设有DC-DC转换模块，而DC-DC控制模块则根据开关电源的输出端的电流控制该DC-DC转换模块工作。
由此，为简化结构，PFC控制模块和DC-DC控制模块的整体可复用为开关控制模块，即PFC控制模块和DC-DC控制模块可实现开关控制模块的各项功能。由此，DC-DC控制模块可接收以上检测到的电流，并根据其控制DC-DC转换模块，同时向PFC控制模块发出响应的控制指令，使PFC控制模块进一步控制PFC模块和开关模块的工作。
当然，参照图3、图4，开关电源中，还可具有设于PFC模块之前的EMI滤波模块、整流桥(图3图4未示出)等其它结构，而其PFC模块中也可包括电感、电容、MOS管等其它器件，在此不再详细描述。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图6，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极； PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管源极与电容负极连接，栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器两个触点分别与PFC二极管正负极连接，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的输出端。
DC-DC控制模块一端连接电流检测模块，一端连接到DC-DC转换模块，另一端与PFC控制模块连接，电流检测模块连接开关电源的输出端。
参照图6，初始状态下，开关电源正常工作；电流检测模块持续检测输出电流，DC-DC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值，也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，向PFC控制模块发送信号(第一指令)；PFC控制模块接收到信号后关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电流不再通过PFC二极管，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图7，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极；PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管源极与电容负极连接，栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器一个触点与PFC二极管负极连接，另一个触点与整流桥 正极相连，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的输出端。
DC-DC控制模块一端连接电流检测模块，一端连接到DC-DC转换模块，另一端与PFC控制模块连接，电流检测模块连接开关电源的输出端。
参照图7，与图6所示的结构相比，继电器的一个触点的连接位置由PFC二极管正极移动到整流桥正极。初始状态下，开关电源正常工作；电流检测模块持续检测输出电流，DC-DC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值，也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，向PFC控制模块发送信号(第一指令)；PFC控制模块接收到信号后关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电流不再通过PFC二极管和电感，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图8，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块(未示出)、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极；PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管源极与电容负极连接，栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器两个触点分别与PFC二极管正负极连接，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的 输出端。
DC-DC控制模块(未示出)连接到DC-DC转换模块。
电流检测模块一端与整流桥正极相连，另一端连接到PFC控制模块。
参照图8，与图6所示的结构相比，电流检测模块变为与整流桥正极相连，且由连接DC-DC控制模块变为连接PFC控制模块。初始状态下，开关电源正常工作；电流检测模块持续检测输入到PFC模块的电流，PFC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值，也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，PFC控制模块关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电流不再通过PFC二极管，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图9，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块(未示出)、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极；PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管源极与电容负极连接，栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器一个触点与PFC二极管负极连接，另一个触点与整流桥正极相连，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的输出端。
DC-DC控制模块(未示出)连接到DC-DC转换模块。
电流检测模块一端与整流桥正极相连，另一端连接到PFC控制模块。
参照图9，与图8所示的结构相比，继电器的一个触点的连接位置由PFC二极管正极移动到整流桥正极。初始状态下，开关电源正常工作；电流检测模块持续检测输入到PFC模块的电流，PFC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值，也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，PFC控制模块关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电流不再通过PFC二极管和电感，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图10，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块(未示出)、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容、检流电阻。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极；PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器两个触点分别与PFC二极管正负极连接，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的输出端。
DC-DC控制模块(未示出)连接到DC-DC转换模块。
电流检测模块一端与MOS管源极相连，另一端连接到PFC控制模块；检流电阻一端与MOS管源极相连，另一端与电容负极连接。
参照图10，与图8所示的结构相比，电流检测模块变为与PFC模块内部相连(具体是MOS管源极)，并且PFC模块增加检流电阻。初始状态下，开关电源正常工作；电流检测模块通过检流电阻持续检测输入到PFC模块的电流，PFC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值，也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，PFC控制模块关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电流不再通过PFC二极管，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图11，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块(未示出)、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容、检流电阻。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极；PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器一个触点与PFC二极管负极连接，另一个触点与整流桥正极相连，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的输出端。
DC-DC控制模块(未示出)连接到DC-DC转换模块。
电流检测模块一端与MOS管源极相连，另一端连接到PFC控制模块；检流电阻一端与MOS管源极相连，另一端与电容负极连接。
参照图11，与图10所示的结构相比，继电器的一个触点的连接位置由PFC二极管正极移动到整流桥正极。初始状态下，开关电源 正常工作；电流检测模块通过检流电阻持续检测输入到PFC模块的电流，PFC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值，也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，PFC控制模块关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电流不再通过PFC二极管和电感，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图12，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块(未示出)、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极；PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管源极与电容负极连接，MOS管栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器两个触点分别与PFC二极管正负极连接，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的输出端。
DC-DC控制模块(未示出)连接到DC-DC转换模块。
电流检测模块一端与电感互感绕组连接，另一端连接到PFC控制模块。
参照图12，与图10所示的结构相比，电流检测模块从连接检流电阻变为与电感互感绕组连接。初始状态下，开关电源正常工作；电流检测模块通过与电感的互感绕组持续检测输入到PFC模块的电流，PFC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值， 也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，PFC控制模块关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电流不再通过PFC二极管，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
在一个示例性实施方式中，参照图13，开关电源系统可包括开关电源的输入端、EMI滤波模块、整流桥、PFC模块、PFC控制模块、DC-DC转换模块、DC-DC控制模块(未示出)、电流检测模块、继电器(开关模块)、开关电源的输出端。
其中，EMI滤波模块一端连接开关电源的输入端，另一端连接整流桥。
PFC模块包括：电感、MOS管、PFC二极管、电容。电感一端与整流桥正极连接，另一端连接到PFC二极管正极和MOS管漏极；PFC二极管负极与所示电容正极连接；MOS管源极与电容负极连接，MOS管栅极与PFC控制模块连接。
继电器一个触点与PFC二极管负极连接，另一个触点与整流桥正极相连，控制端与PFC控制模块连接。
DC-DC转换模块一端与PFC模块连接，一端连接到开关电源的输出端。
DC-DC控制模块(未示出)连接到DC-DC转换模块。
电流检测模块一端与电感互感绕组连接，另一端连接到PFC控制模块。
参照图13，与图12所示的结构相比，继电器的一个触点的连接位置由PFC二极管正极移动到整流桥正极。初始状态下，开关电源正常工作；电流检测模块通过与电感的互感绕组持续检测输入到PFC模块的电流，PFC控制模块得到电流信号后，将得到的电流与预设值(第一阈值，也是第二阈值)做比较，当电流低于预设值(例如第一阈值)时，PFC控制模块关闭PFC模块，然后控制继电器导通，电 流不再通过PFC二极管和电感，而是通过继电器直接流向电容，因为继电器不像PFC二极管有固定的压降，电流在继电器上产生的损耗远低于PFC二极管，开关电源在轻载条件下的功耗得到降低。当然，若后续电流增大至超过预设值(例如第二阈值)，还应控制PFC模块开启，而继电器关断。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。
在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。
本公开已经公开了示例实施方式，并且虽然采用了具体术语，但它们仅用于并仅应当被解释为一般说明性含义，并且不用于限制的目的。在一些实例中，对本领域技术人员显而易见的是，除非另外明确指出，否则可单独使用与特定实施方式相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元素，或可与其它实施方式相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元件组合使用。因此，本领域技术人员将理解，在不脱离由所附的权利要求阐明的本公开的范围的情况下，可进行各种形式和细节上的改变。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种功耗降低电路，用于开关电源，所述开关电源包括功率因数校正PFC模块，所述PFC模块包括PFC二极管，所述功耗降低电路包括：
    开关模块，其两端配置为分别与开关电源连接，且其与开关电源的两个连接位置分别位于所述PFC二极管的两侧；
    电流检测模块，其配置为检测所述开关电源中的电流；
    开关控制模块，其配置为在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制开关模块导通，并在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制开关模块关断；所述第二阈值不小于第一阈值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的功耗降低电路，其中，
    所述开关模块包括继电器、三极管、晶闸管中的至少一种。
  3. 一种开关电源系统，其包括开关电源和权利要求1或2所述的功耗降低电路；其中，
    所述开关电源包括PFC模块，所述PFC模块包括PFC二极管；
    所述功耗降低电路的开关模块的两端分别与开关电源连接，且其与开关电源的两个连接位置分别位于所述PFC二极管的两侧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的开关电源系统，其中，
    所述开关模块的两端分别与PFC二极管的输入端和输出端连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的开关电源系统，其中，
    所述开关模块的两端分别与PFC模块的输入端和输出端连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的开关电源系统，其中，所述开关电源还包括：
    PFC控制模块，其配置为控制所述PFC模块；所述控制PFC模 块包括在电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制PFC模块关闭，并在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制PFC模块开启。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的开关电源系统，其中，
    所述PFC控制模块复用为开关控制模块；
    所述PFC控制模块还配置为在电流检测模块检测到的电流低于第一阈值时控制开关模块导通，并在所述电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时控制开关模块关断。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的开关电源系统，其中，
    所述电流检测模块连接PFC模块的输入端，配置为检测输入至所述PFC模块的电流。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的开关电源系统，其中，
    所述电流检测模块连接PFC模块内部，配置为检测PFC模块内部的电流。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的开关电源系统，其中，
    所述电流检测模块连接开关电源的输出端，配置为检测从所述开关电源输出的电流。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的开关电源系统，其中，所述开关电源还包括：
    PFC控制模块，其配置为控制所述PFC模块；
    直流DC-DC转换模块，其连接在所述PFC模块的输出端与开关电源的输出端之间；
    DC-DC控制模块，其配置为控制所述DC-DC转换模块；
    所述PFC控制模块和DC-DC控制模块复用为开关控制模块；
    所述DC-DC控制模块还配置为：在电流检测模块检测到的电流 低于第一阈值时向PFC控制模块发出第一指令，使PFC控制模块控制PFC模块关闭和控制开关模块导通；以及，在电流检测模块检测到的电流超过第二阈值时向PFC控制模块发出第二指令，使PFC控制模块控制PFC模块开启和控制开关模块关断。
PCT/CN2022/133667 2021-11-29 2022-11-23 功耗降低电路、开关电源系统 Ceased WO2023093751A1 (zh)

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