WO2023087680A1 - 滑动结构、安装方法和致动器 - Google Patents

滑动结构、安装方法和致动器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087680A1
WO2023087680A1 PCT/CN2022/098156 CN2022098156W WO2023087680A1 WO 2023087680 A1 WO2023087680 A1 WO 2023087680A1 CN 2022098156 W CN2022098156 W CN 2022098156W WO 2023087680 A1 WO2023087680 A1 WO 2023087680A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe body
sliding
slider
wall
structure according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/098156
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚欣然
朱更兴
龚振斌
Original Assignee
常州市凯迪电器股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 常州市凯迪电器股份有限公司 filed Critical 常州市凯迪电器股份有限公司
Priority to CA3238196A priority Critical patent/CA3238196A1/en
Publication of WO2023087680A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023087680A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/10—Telescoping systems
    • F16B7/105—Telescoping systems locking in discrete positions, e.g. in extreme extended position
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B9/00—Tables with tops of variable height
    • A47B9/04—Tables with tops of variable height with vertical spindle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B9/00—Tables with tops of variable height
    • A47B9/20—Telescopic guides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C19/00—Bedsteads
    • A47C19/02—Parts or details of bedsteads not fully covered in a single one of the following subgroups, e.g. bed rails, post rails
    • A47C19/021—Bedstead frames
    • A47C19/024—Legs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C19/00—Bedsteads
    • A47C19/04—Extensible bedsteads, e.g. with adjustment of length, width, height
    • A47C19/045—Extensible bedsteads, e.g. with adjustment of length, width, height with entire frame height or inclination adjustments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00—Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/20—Chairs or stools with vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/24—Chairs or stools with vertically-adjustable seats with vertical spindle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00—Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/20—Chairs or stools with vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/40—Telescopic guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/24—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
    • F16M11/26—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other by telescoping, with or without folding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H2025/2062—Arrangements for driving the actuator
    • F16H2025/2075—Coaxial drive motors
    • F16H2025/2078—Coaxial drive motors the rotor being integrated with the nut or screw body

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of sliding structures, and in particular relates to a sliding structure, an installation method and an actuator.
  • Actuators are widely used in furniture or appliances with adjustable positions such as beds, chairs, and tables.
  • the main function is to drive the target object to adjust the position.
  • Sliding structures such as sliders, sliders, and sliding sleeves are usually arranged between relatively moving pipe fittings to support components, reduce friction, and eliminate backlash.
  • holes are usually processed on the side wall of the pipe, and a part of the sliding piece is embedded in the hole.
  • the Chinese patent with the publication number CN104863937B discloses a casing assembly structure and a lifting column, which includes two external casings that can be relatively stretched There is a groove that does not penetrate the outer wall to avoid holes on the exposed pipe wall that affect the appearance.
  • the inner tube is provided with a hole structure for avoiding the slide block.
  • the preferred processing method is laser cutting, which is relatively efficient but expensive.
  • the preferred processing method is laser cutting, which is relatively efficient but expensive.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • the sliding structure has technical slots for removing the auxiliary installation on the inner and outer pipe walls. It will easily come out or be pulled out, and at the same time improve the advantages of installation speed and quickness of installation.
  • the sliding structure includes: a first pipe body; a second pipe body, the second pipe body is slidably arranged in the first pipe body; a second sliding part, a part of the second sliding part The side is clamped on the outer wall of the second pipe body, and the other side of the second sliding part is slidably connected with the inner wall of the first pipe body; the first sliding part, when the first sliding part is not installed When entering, a part of the first sliding piece exceeds the end of the second pipe body, and the first sliding piece is directly clamped on the second pipe body, or indirectly clamped through the second sliding piece Installed on the second tube body; when the first slider is installed, the first slider is disengaged from the end of the second tube body, and one side of the first slider is clamped On the inner wall of the first tubular body, the other side of the first sliding member is slidingly connected with the outer wall of the second tubular body.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention reduces the number of avoidance holes required for installing the first sliding part, reduces the production cost, improves the service strength of the pipe wall, and avoids deformation of the pipe wall; directly or indirectly, the first sliding part
  • the ground is clamped on the second pipe body, and a part of the first sliding part exceeds the end of the second pipe body.
  • the first sliding member includes: a connection part, the connection part is arranged between the second pipe body and the first pipe body; a flange edge, the flange edge is arranged At one end of the connecting portion, the flange edge is in contact with the end surface of the first pipe body; a plurality of first sliders are arranged between the second pipe body and the first pipe body. Between the first pipe bodies, a plurality of the first sliders are all connected to the other end of the connecting portion.
  • one end of the outer wall of the second tube is provided with a plurality of second slots
  • the second sliding member includes: a second boss, and the second boss is clamped on the first In the second slot: a second slider, the second slider is connected with the second boss, and the second slider is slidably connected with the first tube body.
  • the first sliding piece when the first sliding piece is not installed, the first sliding piece is directly clamped on the second pipe body, and the first sliding block faces the second pipe body
  • the inner side of the inner side is inclined, and the first sliding block exceeds the end of the second pipe body, so that the first sliding piece is clamped on the end of the second pipe body.
  • a clamping part is provided between the first slider and the connecting part, and the clamping part faces the second tube body.
  • the fastening portion is locked against the end of the second pipe body.
  • the engaging portion is a transition surface, one end of the transition surface is connected to the first slider, and the other end of the transition surface is connected to the connecting portion.
  • the first sliding piece when the first sliding piece is not installed, the first sliding piece is indirectly clamped on the second tube body, and the first sliding piece and the second sliding piece engaged, and the first slider exceeds the end of the second tube body.
  • the second sliding member is provided with locking teeth
  • the first sliding member is provided with bayonets that match the locking teeth.
  • the locking teeth engage with the bayonet socket.
  • the bayonet includes a blocking wall and an exit wall, the blocking wall is connected to the exit wall, the blocking wall is located on the side of the bayonet near the edge of the flange, the The included angle between the preventing wall and the ejection wall is an acute angle, and the locking teeth are rod-shaped protrusions inclined toward the bayonet.
  • the rod-shaped protrusions The bottom surface of the rod-shaped protrusion abuts against the blocking wall, and the side surface of the rod-shaped protrusion abuts against the escape wall.
  • the thickness of the connecting part is smaller than the sliding gap
  • the thickness of the first sliding block is greater than or equal to the sliding clearance
  • the first slider is provided with a first boss on the side facing the first tube, and one end of the inner wall of the first tube is provided with a plurality of The first slot of the boss.
  • the first slot does not penetrate through the inner wall of the first pipe body.
  • a side surface of the first slot away from the edge of the flange forms a chamfered surface, and a side surface of the first slot close to the edge of the flange abuts against the first boss.
  • the side of the first boss away from the edge of the flange has a guide inclined surface, and when the first slider is not installed, the guide inclined surface is used to align the first tube body to guide.
  • a plurality of the first sliders are arranged along the circumferential direction of the second pipe body.
  • a plurality of the second sliders are arranged along the circumferential direction of the second pipe body.
  • the first sliding member is a ring structure, or a non-closed C-shaped ring structure, or spliced by two opposite half rings.
  • an installation method includes the following steps, step 1: vertically place the second pipe body on the operating table, and make the end of the second pipe body with the second slot hole upward ; Step 2: Put the first slider on the second tube body from top to bottom, make the clamping part abut against the upper end of the second tube body, and at the same time, the first slider is inclined to the inside of the second tube body, so that The first sliding part is clamped on the end of the second pipe body; Step 3: Place the second sliding part in the second slot; Step 4: Put the first pipe body on the first sliding part from top to bottom On the outer surface, during the downward movement of the first pipe body, the lower end of the first pipe body abuts against the edge of the flange, and drives the first slider to move downward, so that the first slider enters the first pipe body and the second pipe body At the same time, the first boss snaps into the first slot.
  • an installation method includes the following steps, Step 1: Put the first sliding piece on the second pipe body, and fix the second sliding piece on the second pipe body ; Step 2: Move the first slider until the first slider engages with the second slider, so that the first slider is fixed on the second tube; Step 3: Put the first tube on the first slider The outer surface of the first tube body presses the first sliding part to bend and deform to the inside of the second tube body, so that the first tube body fits on the first sliding part; Step 4: push the first tube body to cover the second tube body body, when the end of the first pipe body abuts against the flange edge, one side of the first sliding part is clamped on the inner wall of the first pipe body, and then the first pipe body drives the first sliding part away from the second sliding part to disengage the first sliding member from the second sliding member.
  • An actuator comprising: the above-mentioned sliding structure; a box body, a drive member is arranged in the box body, and the box body is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding structure; a screw assembly, the screw assembly Located in the sliding structure, the screw assembly includes: a hollow transmission rod, a screw rod and a nut, one end of the hollow transmission rod is connected with the rotating end of the driving part, and the other end of the hollow transmission rod is A nut is fixedly connected, the screw rod is arranged inside the hollow transmission rod, the outer peripheral surface of the screw rod is threadedly engaged with the nut, and the end of the screw rod far away from the box body is in contact with the sliding structure The other end is connected, and the driving member drives the sliding structure to perform telescopic movement through the screw assembly.
  • the end of the screw rod away from the box is directly connected to a bottom plate, the outer peripheral surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second pipe body, and the box body is connected to the first pipe body.
  • the pipe body is fixed.
  • the end of the screw rod away from the box is directly connected to a bottom plate, the outer peripheral surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first pipe body, and the box body is connected to the second pipe body.
  • the pipe body is fixed.
  • the sliding structure further includes: a third pipe body, the third pipe body is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first pipe body, and the third pipe body and the first pipe body
  • the structure between the bodies is the same as the structure between the first pipe body and the second pipe body.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an actuator according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the actuator according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sliding structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sliding structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the enlarged schematic diagram of place E in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sliding structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged schematic view at F in Figure 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the first sliding member in the sliding structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the second sliding member in the sliding structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second sliding member according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the first sliding member according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sliding structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is an enlarged schematic diagram of place B in Fig. 12;
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sliding structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is an enlarged schematic diagram of place C in Fig. 14;
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sliding structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is an enlarged schematic view at D in Figure 16;
  • Fig. 18 is a second structural schematic diagram of the first sliding member in the sliding structure according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the first sliding member in the sliding structure according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a second actuator according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a third actuator according to the present invention.
  • Driver 1 box body 2, screw assembly 3, second tube body 4, first tube body 5, first slider 6, second slider 7, second slot 8, bottom plate 9, first slot 10.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
  • the present invention discloses a sliding structure, including: a first pipe body 5, a second pipe body 4, a second sliding part 7 and a first sliding part 6,
  • the second tube body 4 is slidably arranged in the first tube body 5; one side of the second slider 7 is clamped on the outer wall of the second tube body 4, and the other side of the second slider 7 is connected to the first tube body 5.
  • the inner wall of the sliding part is slidably connected; when the first sliding part 6 is not installed, a part of the first sliding part 6 exceeds the end of the second tube body 4, and the first sliding part 6 is directly clamped on the second tube body 4; When the first slider 6 is loaded, the first slider 6 is disengaged from the end of the second tube body 4, and one side of the first slider 6 is clamped on the inner wall of the first tube body 5, and the first slider 6 The other side of the other side is slidingly connected with the outer wall of the second pipe body 4 .
  • the first pipe body 5 is slidably sleeved on the second pipe body 4, and the first sliding member 6 and the second sliding member 7 are arranged between the first pipe body 5 and the second pipe body 4, realizing the first pipe body 5 and the second tube body 4 without contact sliding, the first slider 6 and the first tube body 5 remain relatively fixed, the second slider 7 and the second tube body 4 remain relatively fixed, between the first tube body 5 and the
  • the distance between the first slider 6 and the second slider 7 becomes smaller, and when the first tube body 5 and the second tube body 4 shrink, the first slider 6 and the second slider
  • the distance between the parts 7 becomes larger, and the cross sections of the first tube body 5 and the second tube body 4 are both rectangular tubes, and other shapes, such as circular, square, oval, etc., can also be used.
  • the present invention reduces the avoidance holes required for installing the first sliding part 6, reduces the production cost, improves the service strength of the pipe wall, and avoids deformation of the pipe wall; when the first sliding part 6 is installed, the first sliding part 6 is directly clamped on the second pipe body 4, a part of the first sliding member 6 protrudes from the end of the second pipe body 4, and there is no need to use additional positioning tooling to fix the first sliding member 6.
  • the first sliding member 6 includes: a connecting portion 65 , a flange 61 and a plurality of first sliders 62 , and the connecting portion 65 is arranged between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 Between; the flange side 61 is provided at one end of the connection part 65, and the flange side 61 abuts against the end surface of the first pipe body 5; a plurality of first sliders 62 are connected with the other end of the connection part 65.
  • the flange side 61 and the first slider 62 are connected through the connecting portion 65, the first slider 62 is located between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 for sliding guidance, and the flange side 61 is located At the end of the first pipe body 5 , the plane where the flange edge 61 is located is perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe body 5 , so that the first pipe body 5 pushes the flange edge 61 to drive the first sliding member 6 to move.
  • the first slider 62 is inclined to the inner side of the second tube body 4 , and the first slider 62 exceeds the end of the second tube body 4 , so that the first sliding member 6 is clamped on the end of the second pipe body 4 .
  • the connecting portion 65 is sleeved on the second tube 4
  • the size of the inner peripheral edge formed by the first slider 62 after inclination is smaller than the outer peripheral edge of the second tube body 4, so that the first slider 62 exceeds the end of the second tube body 4, and then the first slider 6 is stuck. Installed on the end of the second pipe body 4.
  • a clamping part 64a is provided between the first slider 62 and the connecting part 65, and the clamping part 64a faces the second tube body 4.
  • the engaging portion 64 a is a transition surface, one end of the transition surface is connected to the first slider 62 , and the other end of the transition surface is connected to the connecting portion 65 .
  • the clamping portion 64a can be any structure that can be clamped on the end of the second tube body 4 , preferably a transition surface, which can be a curved surface or an inclined surface, so that the first slider 62 can enter the sliding gap easily.
  • one end of the outer wall of the second pipe body 4 is provided with a plurality of second slots 8, and the second sliding member 7 includes: a second boss 72 and a second slider 71 , the second boss 72 is clamped in the second slot 8 ; the second slider 71 is connected to the second boss 72 , and the second slider 71 is slidably connected to the first tube body 5 .
  • the second sliding member 7 can be conveniently installed on the second pipe body 4 .
  • a plurality of first sliders 62 are arranged along the circumference of the second pipe body 4
  • a plurality of second sliders 71 are arranged along the circumference of the second pipe body 4 . That is to say, the first sliding block 62 and the second sliding block 71 are arranged around the second pipe body 4 at the same time, which ensures that the circumferential gap between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 is even when sliding. , making the sliding process smoother.
  • the thickness of the connecting portion 65 is smaller than the sliding gap, and the thickness of the first slider 62 is greater than or equal to the sliding gap. Furthermore, the interference fit between the first slider 62 and the sliding gap, and the clearance fit between the connecting portion 65 and the second pipe body 4 .
  • the sliding connection between the second tube body 4 and the first tube body 5 is realized through the first slider 62 and the second slider 71, and the thickness of the first slider 62 and the second slider 71 is greater than or equal to that of the second tube body 4 and the sliding gap between the first pipe body 5, preferably, the thickness of the first sliding block 62 and the second sliding block 71 is slightly larger than the sliding gap, then when sliding, the first sliding block 62 and the second sliding block 71 and The interference fit can be realized in the sliding gap to ensure that there will be no shaking between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 when sliding; the thickness of the connecting part 65 is smaller than the sliding gap, and at the same time, If there is a gap between them, the thickness of the connecting portion 65 is relatively thin, and there is a movable space between the connecting portion 65 and the second pipe body 4, which facilitates the first sliding member 6 to be easily placed on the second pipe body 4 on the one hand, and on the other hand , when the first slider 6 is installed, the connecting part 65 can be de
  • the first sliding block 62 is provided with a first boss 63 on the side facing the first tube body 5 , and one end of the inner wall of the first tube body 5 is provided with a plurality of first slots for accommodating the first boss 63 10. Furthermore, the side of the first slot 10 away from the flange 61 forms a chamfered surface 11 , and the side of the first slot 10 close to the flange 61 abuts against the first boss 63 . In other words, the flange edge 61 abuts against the first pipe body 5 to form a first limit point, and the first boss 63 is clamped in the first slot 10 to form a second limit point.
  • the member 6 passes through the upper first limiting point and the lower second limiting point in the sliding gap, so that the first sliding member 6 is always fixed at the end of the first tube body 5 when sliding, avoiding the first sliding
  • the piece 6 falls off naturally or is pulled out from between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 after working for a long time.
  • the first sliding member 6 when the first sliding member 6 is not installed, there is a gap between the inner wall of the first boss 63 and the first tube 5 opposite to each other. That is to say, when the first slide block 62 is inclined to the inside of the second pipe body 4, the first boss 63 is inclined to the inside of the second pipe body 4 accordingly, so that the inner wall of the first pipe body 5 is in contact with the first pipe body 4 during installation. There is a certain distance between the bosses 63 , which is more convenient for the first pipe body 5 to be sleeved on the first sliding member 6 .
  • the first slot 10 does not penetrate the inner wall of the first pipe body 5 , and after the installation is completed, the exposed surface of the first pipe body 5 is still intact, which improves the aesthetics of use.
  • the first sliding member 6 is a ring structure, or a non-closed C-shaped ring structure, or spliced by two opposite half rings.
  • the first sliding member 6 can be designed according to actual needs to improve adaptability. It is more suitable to use wear-resistant plastics to make the first sliding member 6 and the second sliding member 7, which can be directly injection molded.
  • the side of the first slot 10 away from the flange 61 forms a chamfered surface 11 , and the side of the first slot 10 close to the flange 61 abuts against the first boss 63 . In this way, even if the first slot 10 extends laterally to the area of the second sliding member 7 , the chamfered surface 11 will not scratch the surface of the second sliding block 71 during assembly.
  • the present invention also provides a kind of installation method according to the above-mentioned sliding structure, including the following steps, step 1: put the second pipe body 4 vertically on the operating table, make the second pipe body 4 One end with the second slot 8 is upward; Step 2: Put the first sliding member 6 on the second tube body 4 from top to bottom, make the clamping part 64a abut against the upper end of the second tube body 4, and at the same time The first slider 62 is inclined to the inside of the second tube body 4, so that the first slider 6 is clamped on the end of the second tube body 4; Step 3: Place the second slider 7 in the second slot 8 ; Step 4: Put the first pipe body 5 on the outer surface of the first slider 6 from top to bottom, and when the first pipe body 5 moves down, the lower end of the first pipe body 5 abuts against the flange edge 61, And drive the first sliding member 6 to move downward, so that the first sliding block 62 enters the gap between the first tube body 5 and the second tube body
  • the second sliding member 7 utilizes the second slot hole 8 for installation and positioning
  • the first sliding member 6 utilizes its own elastically deformable performance
  • the clamping portion 64a abuts against the upper end of the second pipe body 4
  • the first sliding member 6 utilizes its own elastically deformable performance.
  • a slide block 62 is inclined inward, and when the first pipe body 5 is installed, there will be no interference.
  • the first slide member 6 realizes self-positioning, and the lower end of the first pipe body 5 is in contact with the After the flange edge 61 abuts, it moves directly downwards, so that the first slider 62 automatically returns to the center and enters the gap between the first pipe body 5 and the second pipe body 4, and the installation process is convenient and quick.
  • the present invention discloses a sliding structure, including: a first pipe body 5, a second pipe body 4, a second sliding part 7 and a first sliding part 6, and the second pipe body 4 slides Set in the first tube body 5; one side of the second slider 7 is clamped on the outer wall of the second tube body 4, and the other side of the second slider 7 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the first tube body 5;
  • a part of the first slider 6 exceeds the end of the second tube body 4, and the first slider 6 is indirectly clamped on the second tube body 4 through the second slider 7;
  • the first slider 6 is loaded, the first slider 6 is disengaged from the end of the second tube body 4, and one side of the first slider 6 is clamped on the inner wall of the first tube body 5, and the first slider 6
  • the other side of the other side is slidingly connected with the outer wall of the second pipe body 4 .
  • the first pipe body 5 is slidably sleeved on the second pipe body 4, and the first sliding member 6 and the second sliding member 7 are arranged between the first pipe body 5 and the second pipe body 4, realizing the first pipe body 5 and the second tube body 4 without contact sliding, the first slider 6 and the first tube body 5 remain relatively fixed, the second slider 7 and the second tube body 4 remain relatively fixed, between the first tube body 5 and the
  • the distance between the first slider 6 and the second slider 7 becomes smaller, and when the first tube body 5 and the second tube body 4 shrink, the first slider 6 and the second slider
  • the distance between the parts 7 becomes larger, and the cross sections of the first tube body 5 and the second tube body 4 are both rectangular tubes, and other shapes, such as circular, square, oval, etc., can also be used.
  • the present invention reduces the escape holes required for installing the first sliding part 6, reduces the production cost, improves the service strength of the pipe wall, and avoids deformation of the pipe wall; when the first sliding part 6 is installed, the first sliding part 6 Through the second sliding piece 7 being indirectly clamped on the second pipe body 4, a part of the first sliding piece 6 protrudes beyond the end of the second pipe body 4, and there is no need to use additional positioning tools to fix the first sliding piece 6.
  • a part of the first sliding member 6 is inclined inwardly (it can be formed directly or use external force to make this part inwardly inclined), so that it is smaller than the opposite first tube body. 5, so that it can be smoothly loaded into the first pipe body 5, which reduces processing and assembly costs and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the first sliding member 6 includes: a connecting portion 65, a flange 61 and a plurality of first sliders 62, and the connecting portion 65 is arranged between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 Between; the flange side 61 is provided at one end of the connection part 65, and the flange side 61 abuts against the end surface of the first pipe body 5; a plurality of first sliders 62 are connected with the other end of the connection part 65.
  • the flange side 61 and the first slider 62 are connected through the connecting portion 65, the first slider 62 is located between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 for sliding guidance, and the flange side 61 is located At the end of the first pipe body 5 , the plane where the flange edge 61 is located is perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe body 5 , so that the first pipe body 5 pushes the flange edge 61 to drive the first sliding member 6 to move.
  • one end of the outer wall of the second pipe body 4 is provided with a plurality of second slots 8, and the second sliding member 7 includes: a second boss 72 and a second sliding block 71, the second The second boss 72 is clamped in the second slot 8 ; the second slider 71 is connected to the second boss 72 , and the second slider 71 is slidably connected to the first tube body 5 .
  • the second sliding member 7 can be conveniently installed on the second pipe body 4 .
  • the connecting portion 65 is engaged with the second slider 7 , and the first slider 62 exceeds the end of the second tube body 4 .
  • the connecting portion 65 of the first slider 6 is engaged with the second slider 7, and at the same time the first slider 62 is arranged outside the end of the second pipe body 4, so that when the first pipe body 5 is installed, the first sliding block 62 avoids inwardly.
  • the second sliding member 7 is provided with a bayonet 73
  • the connecting portion 65 is provided with a bayonet 64 matched with the bayonet 73.
  • the bayonet socket 64 can be arranged on one side of the second slider 71, and at the same time, the bayonet 73 is arranged on the connecting portion 65, and after the positions of the bayonet socket 64 and the bayonet 73 are interchanged, it is still possible to realize the assembling process. Snap.
  • the cross section of the bayonet socket 64 is a "7"-shaped structure.
  • the bayonet socket 64 includes a blocking wall and an escape wall. The blocking wall and the exit wall are connected to form a "7"-shaped structure.
  • the angle between the blocking wall and the escape wall is an acute angle
  • the locking tooth 73 is a rod-shaped protrusion inclined to the bayonet socket 64.
  • a plurality of first sliders 62 are arranged along the circumference of the second pipe body 4
  • a plurality of second sliders 71 are arranged along the circumference of the second pipe body 4 . That is to say, the first sliding block 62 and the second sliding block 71 are arranged around the second pipe body 4 at the same time, which ensures that the circumferential gap between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 is even when sliding. , making the sliding process smoother.
  • the thickness of the connecting portion 65 is smaller than the sliding gap, and the thickness of the first slider 62 is greater than or equal to the sliding gap. Further, the first sliding block 62 is in interference fit with the sliding gap, and the connecting portion 65 is in clearance fit with the second tube body 4 .
  • the sliding connection between the second tube body 4 and the first tube body 5 is realized through the first slider 62 and the second slider 71, and the thickness of the first slider 62 and the second slider 71 is greater than or equal to that of the second tube body 4 and the sliding gap between the first pipe body 5, preferably, the thickness of the first sliding block 62 and the second sliding block 71 is slightly larger than the sliding gap, then when sliding, the first sliding block 62 and the second sliding block 71 and The interference fit can be realized in the sliding gap to ensure that there will be no shaking between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 when sliding; the thickness of the connecting part 65 is smaller than the sliding gap, and at the same time, If there is a gap between them, the thickness of the connecting portion 65 is relatively thin, and there is a movable space between the connecting portion 65 and the second pipe body 4, which facilitates the first sliding member 6 to be easily placed on the second pipe body 4 on the one hand, and on the other hand , when the first slider 6 is installed, the connecting part 65 can be de
  • the first sliding block 62 is provided with a first boss 63 on the side facing the first tube body 5 , and one end of the inner wall of the first tube body 5 is provided with a plurality of first slots for accommodating the first boss 63 10. Furthermore, the side of the first slot 10 away from the flange 61 forms a chamfered surface 11 , and the side of the first slot 10 close to the flange 61 abuts against the first boss 63 . In other words, the flange edge 61 abuts against the first pipe body 5 to form a first limit point, and the first boss 63 is clamped in the first slot 10 to form a second limit point.
  • the member 6 passes through the upper first limiting point and the lower second limiting point in the sliding gap, so that the first sliding member 6 is always fixed at the end of the first tube body 5 when sliding, avoiding the first sliding
  • the piece 6 falls off naturally or is pulled out from between the second pipe body 4 and the first pipe body 5 after working for a long time.
  • the side of the first boss 63 away from the flange side 61 has a guiding slope, and the guiding slope is used to guide the first pipe body 5 when the first slider 6 is not installed. That is to say, when the first tube body 5 is put on, since the first boss 63 partially overlaps with the first tube body 5 in the sliding direction, setting the guide slope can facilitate the end of the first tube body 5 to slide along the guide slope. Covered on the first sliding member 6, the convenience of installation is improved.
  • the first sliding block 62 can be directly formed or external force can be used to tilt the first sliding block 62 to the inner space other than the end of the second pipe body 4, so that the first boss 63 There is a gap between the inner walls opposite to the first pipe body 5 . That is to say, when the first slide block 62 is inclined to the inside of the second pipe body 4, the first boss 63 is inclined to the inside of the second pipe body 4 accordingly, so that the inner wall of the first pipe body 5 is in contact with the first pipe body 4 during installation. There is a certain distance between the bosses 63 , which is more convenient for the first pipe body 5 to be sleeved on the first sliding member 6 .
  • first sliding block 62 For the solution of directly shaping the first sliding block 62 to be inclined inwardly, reference may be made to the first embodiment. It is worth noting that the method of tilting the first slide block 62 sideways with an external force can be directly manually pressed, or a small tool can be used to press inward, so that the first slide block 62 can be tilted in a short period of time (for example: Tens of seconds to minutes) remain in introversion/slow recovery state. This can be achieved by selecting slow-recovery plastic materials or structural design, which will not be described here.
  • the first slot 10 does not penetrate the inner wall of the first pipe body 5 , and after the installation is completed, the exposed surface of the first pipe body 5 is still intact, which improves the aesthetics of use.
  • the first sliding member 6 is a ring structure, or a non-closed C-shaped ring structure, or spliced by two opposite half rings.
  • the first sliding member 6 can be designed according to actual needs to improve adaptability. It is more suitable to use wear-resistant plastics to make the first sliding member 6 and the second sliding member 7, which can be directly injection molded.
  • the side of the first slot 10 away from the flange 61 forms a chamfered surface 11 , and the side of the first slot 10 close to the flange 61 abuts against the first boss 63 . In this way, even if the first slot 10 extends laterally to the area of the second sliding member 7 , the chamfered surface 11 will not scratch the surface of the second sliding block 71 during assembly.
  • the present invention also provides an assembly method according to the above-mentioned sliding structure, which includes the following steps, step 1: put the first sliding part 6 on the second pipe body 4, put the second The second boss 72 on the slider 7 is fixed in the second slot 8; Step 2: Move the first slider 6 until the locking tooth 73 engages with the bayonet 64, so that the first slider 6 is fixed on the second On the tube body 4; Step 3: Put the first tube body 5 on the outer surface of the first slider 6, the first tube body 5 is guided by the guide inclined surface on the first boss 63, and presses the first boss 63 and the first boss 63 A slider 62 bends and deforms toward the inside of the second tube body 4, so that the first tube body 5 can be fitted onto the first slider 6; Step 4: push the first tube body 5 to fit onto the second tube body 4, the first When the end of the pipe body 5 abuts against the flange edge 61, the first boss 63 snaps into the first slot 10, and then the first pipe body 5 drives the following steps, step 1: put
  • the present invention also provides an actuator, including: the above-mentioned sliding structure; a box body 2, a drive member 1 is arranged inside the box body 2, and one end of the box body 2 is fixed to the sliding structure.
  • screw assembly 3 screw assembly 3 is located in the sliding structure, screw assembly 3 includes: hollow transmission rod 31, screw rod 32 and nut 33, one end of hollow transmission rod 31 is coaxial with the rotating end of drive member 1 The other end of the hollow transmission rod 31 is fixedly connected with a nut 33, the screw rod 32 is located inside the hollow transmission rod 31, the outer peripheral surface of the screw rod 32 is threadedly engaged with the nut 33, and the screw rod 32 is far away from the box body 2.
  • One end is connected with the other end of the sliding structure, and the driving member 1 drives the sliding structure to perform telescopic movement through the screw assembly 3 .
  • the end of the screw rod 32 away from the box body 2 is directly connected to the bottom plate 9 , the outer peripheral surface of the bottom plate 9 is affixed to the inner wall of the second pipe body 4 , and the box body 2 is fixed to the first pipe body 5 . connected, preferably welded.
  • one end of the screw mandrel 32 away from the box body 2 is directly connected with a bottom plate 9, and the outer peripheral surface of the bottom plate 9 is affixed to the inner wall of the first pipe body 5, preferably by welding, and the box body 2 and the second The pipe body 4 is fixedly connected.
  • One end of the transmission rod 31 is fixed to the bottom plate 9 , and the nut 33 fixed on the hollow transmission rod 31 is threadedly engaged with the threaded rod 32 .
  • the screw mandrel 32 is driven to rotate, and the hollow transmission rod 31 and the nut 33 do not rotate, and only do linear expansion and contraction along the axis of the screw mandrel 32 .
  • the sliding structure further includes: a third pipe body 12 , which is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first pipe body 5 , and between the third pipe body 12 and the first pipe body 5
  • the structure between the first pipe body 5 and the second pipe body 4 is the same.
  • the sliding structure of the present application can be that the first pipe body 5 is connected with the box body 2, or it can be the second pipe body 5
  • the body 4 is connected to the box body 2, and the first pipe body 5 and the second pipe body 4 are driven by the screw assembly 3 to generate relative sliding.
  • the sliding structure is not limited to sliding between the two pipe bodies, and may also include a third pipe body 12 or more pipe bodies to form a multi-stage sliding structure and increase the range of use.
  • the brake can be widely used in lifting furniture, providing a stable and reliable lifting function for furniture.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “exemplary embodiments,” “example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” are intended to mean that the implementation A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.
  • schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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Abstract

一种滑动结构，包括：第一管体（5）；第二管体（4），第二管体（4）滑动设在第一管体（5）内；第二滑动件（7），第二滑动件（7）的一侧卡设于第二管体（4）的外壁上，第二滑动件（7）的另一侧与第一管体（5）的内壁滑动相连；第一滑动件（6），在第一滑动件（6）未装入时，第一滑动件（6）的一部分超出第二管体（4）的端部，第一滑动件（6）直接卡装在第二管体（4）上，或通过第二滑动件（7）间接卡装在第二管体（4）上；在第一滑动件（6）装入时，第一滑动件（6）从第二管体（4）上脱离，第一滑动件（6）的一侧卡设于第一管体（5）的内壁上，第一滑动件（6）的另一侧与第二管体（4）的外壁滑动相连；滑动结构的安装方法以及包含滑动结构的致动器。该滑动结构减少了安装第一滑动件所需要开设的避让孔，降低了生产成本，提高了管壁的使用强度，避免管壁变形，同时提高了安装速度。

Description

滑动结构、安装方法和致动器 技术领域
本发明属于滑动结构技术领域，具体涉及一种滑动结构、安装方法和致动器。
背景技术
致动器广泛应用于床、椅子、桌子等位置可调节的家具或电器上，主要的功能是驱动目标物体调节所处的位置，其直观的运动表现为可伸缩的管件作直线往复运动。相对运动的管件之间通常会设置滑块、滑片、滑动套等滑动结构，起支撑部件、减小摩擦、消除游隙等作用。为了将滑动件安装到管件的内壁或外壁上，通常在管件的侧壁上加工有孔洞，滑动件的局部嵌入到孔洞中。
例如：公开号CN104863937B的中国专利公开了一种套管组装结构及升降柱，其中包含可相对伸缩的外部的两个套管，在两套管之间设有滑块，在外管的内侧壁上设有不穿透外壁的凹槽，避免在外露的管壁上出现孔眼影响美观。但为了将对应的滑块装入到外管内壁的凹槽中，在内管上开设了避让滑块的孔槽结构。这些仅仅为了安装方便的工艺孔槽实际上增加了加工成本，并在一定程度上引起局部应力变化导致管件变形，影响伸缩管件运动的精度和流畅感，造成成品率降低。另一方面，为了便于批量生产以及减小加工引起的应力变形，优选的加工方法是采用激光切割，这种加工方法相对高效但昂贵。目前，在避免管体上开设过多孔洞的前提下，将滑动件安装在两个管件之间的缝隙中变得十分困难。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明提出一种滑动结构、安装方法和致动器，该滑动结构具有去除内外管壁上辅助安装的工艺性槽孔，滑动件紧固地卡接在相对伸缩的管件上，不会轻易自脱出或被拉出，同时提高安装速度和安装快捷程度的优点。
根据本发明实施例的滑动结构，包括：第一管体；第二管体，所述第二管体滑动设在所述第一管体内；第二滑动件，所述第二滑动件的一侧卡设于所述第二管体的外壁上，所述第二滑动件的另一侧与所述第一管体的内壁滑动相连；第一滑动件，在所述第一滑 动件未装入时，所述第一滑动件的一部分超出所述第二管体的端部，所述第一滑动件直接卡装在所述第二管体上，或通过所述第二滑动件间接卡装在所述第二管体上；在所述第一滑动件装入时，所述第一滑动件从所述第二管体端部上脱离，所述第一滑动件的一侧卡设于所述第一管体的内壁上，所述第一滑动件的另一侧与所述第二管体的外壁滑动相连。
本发明的有益效果是，本发明减少了安装第一滑动件所需要开设的避让孔，降低了生产成本，提高了管壁的使用强度，避免管壁变形；通过将第一滑动件直接或间接地卡装在第二管体上，第一滑动件的一部分超出第二管体的端部，在安装第一滑动件时，无需采用额外的定位工装对第一滑动件进行固定，降低了成本，同时提高了装配效率。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第一滑动件包括：连接部，所述连接部设于所述第二管体与所述第一管体之间；法兰边，所述法兰边设于所述连接部的一端，所述法兰边与所述第一管体的端面相抵靠；多个第一滑块，多个所述第一滑块设于所述第二管体与所述第一管体之间，多个所述第一滑块均与所述连接部的另一端相连。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第二管体外壁的一端开设有多个第二槽孔，所述第二滑动件包括：第二凸台，所述第二凸台卡设于所述第二槽孔内；第二滑块，所述第二滑块与所述第二凸台相连，所述第二滑块与所述第一管体滑动相连。
根据本发明一个实施例，在所述第一滑动件未装入时，所述第一滑动件直接卡装在所述第二管体上，所述第一滑块向所述第二管体的内侧倾斜，且所述第一滑块超出所述第二管体的端部，以使所述第一滑动件卡装在所述第二管体的端部。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第一滑块与所述连接部之间设置有卡装部，所述卡装部朝向所述第二管体，在所述第一滑动件未装入时，所述卡装部与所述第二管体的端部相抵靠卡装。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述卡装部为过渡面，所述过渡面的一端与所述第一滑块相连，所述过渡面的另一端与所述连接部相连。
根据本发明一个实施例，在所述第一滑动件未装入时，所述第一滑动件间接卡装在所述第二管体上，所述第一滑动件与所述第二滑动件卡合，且所述第一滑块超出所述第二管体的端部。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第二滑动件上设有卡齿，所述第一滑动件上设有与所述卡齿相配合的卡口，在所述第一滑动件未装入时，所述卡齿与所述卡口相卡合。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述卡口内包括阻止壁和脱出壁，所述阻止壁和所述脱出壁相连，所述阻止壁位于所述卡口靠近所述法兰边的一侧，所述阻止壁与所述脱出壁之 间的夹角为锐角，所述卡齿为向所述卡口倾斜的杆状凸起，在所述第一滑动件未装入时，所述杆状凸起的底面与所述阻止壁相抵，所述杆状凸起的侧面与所述脱出壁相抵。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第二管体与所述第一管体之间具有滑动间隙，所述连接部的厚度小于所述滑动间隙，所述第一滑块的厚度大于等于所述滑动间隙。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第二管体与所述第一管体之间具有滑动间隙，所述第一滑块与所述滑动间隙之间过盈配合，所述连接部与所述第二管体之间间隙配合。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第一滑块朝向所述第一管体的一侧设有第一凸台，所述第一管体内壁的一端开设有多个用于容纳所述第一凸台的第一槽孔。
根据本发明一个实施例，在所述第一滑动件未装入时，所述第一凸台与所述第一管体相对的内壁之间存在间隙。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第一槽孔不贯穿所述第一管体的内壁。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第一槽孔远离所述法兰边的侧面形成倒角面，所述第一槽孔靠近所述法兰边的侧面与所述第一凸台相抵。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第一凸台远离所述法兰边的一侧具有导向斜面，在所述第一滑动件未装入时，所述导向斜面用于对所述第一管体进行导向。
根据本发明一个实施例，多个所述第一滑块沿所述第二管体的周向设置。
根据本发明一个实施例，多个所述第二滑块沿所述第二管体的周向设置。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述第一滑动件为环状结构，或者为非闭合的C形环状结构，或者由两个相对的半环拼接而成。
根据本发明一个实施例，一种根据上述的滑动结构的安装方法，包括以下步骤，步骤一：将第二管体竖放于操作台，使第二管体上具有第二槽孔的一端向上；步骤二：将第一滑动件自上而下套在第二管体上，使卡装部与第二管体的上端相抵靠，同时第一滑块向第二管体内部倾斜，从而使第一滑动件卡装在第二管体的端部；步骤三：将第二滑动件放置在第二槽孔内；步骤四：将第一管体自上而下套在第一滑动件的外表面，在第一管体下移过程中，第一管体下端与法兰边抵靠，并带动第一滑动件向下移动，使第一滑块进入第一管体与第二管体之间的间隙，同时第一凸台卡入第一槽孔中。
根据本发明一个实施例，一种根据上述的滑动结构的安装方法，包括以下步骤，步骤一：将第一滑动件套在第二管体上，将第二滑动件固定在第二管体上；步骤二：移动第一滑动件直至第一滑动件与第二滑动件相卡合，使得第一滑动件固定在第二管体上；步骤三：将第一管体套在第一滑动件的外表面，第一管体压迫第一滑动件向第二管体的内部弯曲变形，以便于第一管体套到第一滑动件上；步骤四：推动第一管体套至第二管 体，第一管体的端部与法兰边抵靠时，第一滑动件的一侧卡设在第一管体的内壁上，然后第一管体带动第一滑动件远离第二滑动件，使第一滑动件与第二滑动件脱开卡合。
一种致动器，包括：如上述的滑动结构；箱体，所述箱体内设有驱动件，所述箱体与所述滑动结构的一端固接；丝杆组件，所述丝杆组件设于所述滑动结构内，所述丝杆组件包括：中空传动杆、丝杆和螺母，所述中空传动杆的一端与所述驱动件的旋转端相连，所述中空传动杆的另一端上固接有螺母，所述丝杆设于所述中空传动杆的内部，所述丝杆的外周面与所述螺母通过螺纹啮合，所述丝杆远离所述箱体的一端与所述滑动结构的另一端相连，所述驱动件通过所述丝杆组件驱动所述滑动结构做伸缩运动。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述丝杆远离所述箱体的一端直联有底板，所述底板的外周面与所述第二管体的内壁固接，所述箱体与所述第一管体固接。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述丝杆远离所述箱体的一端直联有底板，所述底板的外周面与所述第一管体的内壁固接，所述箱体与所述第二管体固接。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述滑动结构还包括：第三管体，所述第三管体滑动套设于所述第一管体的外部，所述第三管体和所述第一管体之间的结构与所述第一管体和所述第二管体之间的结构相同。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举较佳实施例，并配合所附附图，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本发明致动器的剖视结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明致动器的爆炸结构示意图；
图3是根据本发明实施例一中滑动结构的安装示意图；
图4是根据本发明实施例一中滑动结构的安装示意图；
图5是图4中E处的放大示意图；
图6是根据本发明实施例一中滑动结构的安装示意图；
图7是图6中F处的放大示意图；
图8是根据本发明实施例一中滑动结构中第一滑动件的结构示意图；
图9是根据本发明实施例一中滑动结构中第二滑动件的结构示意图；
图10是根据本发明实施例二中第二滑动件的结构示意图；
图11是根据本发明实施例二中第一滑动件的结构示意图；
图12是本发明实施例二中滑动结构安装时的示意图；
图13是图12中B处的放大示意图；
图14是本发明滑动结构安装时的示意图；
图15是图14中C处的放大示意图；
图16是本发明实施例二中滑动结构安装时的示意图；
图17是图16中D处的放大示意图；
图18是根据本发明滑动结构中第一滑动件的第二种结构示意图；
图19是根据本发明滑动结构中第一滑动件的第三种结构示意图；
图20是根据本发明第二种致动器的剖视结构示意图；
图21是根据本发明第三种致动器的剖视结构示意图；
附图标记：
驱动件1、箱体2、丝杆组件3、第二管体4、第一管体5、第一滑动件6、第二滑动件7、第二槽孔8、底板9、第一槽孔10、倒角面11、第三管体12、中空传动杆31、丝杆32、螺母33、法兰边61、第一滑块62、第一凸台63、卡口64、卡装部64a、连接部65、第二滑块71、第二凸台72、卡齿73。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描 述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面参考附图具体描述本发明实施例的滑动结构、安装方法和致动器。
实施例一
如图1至图9和图18至图19所示，本发明公开了一种滑动结构，包括：第一管体5，第二管体4，第二滑动件7和第一滑动件6，第二管体4滑动设在第一管体5内；第二滑动件7的一侧卡设于第二管体4的外壁上，第二滑动件7的另一侧与第一管体5的内壁滑动相连；在第一滑动件6未装入时，第一滑动件6的一部分超出第二管体4的端部，第一滑动件6直接卡装在第二管体4上；在第一滑动件6装入时，第一滑动件6从第二管体4端部上脱离，第一滑动件6的一侧卡设于第一管体5的内壁上，第一滑动件6的另一侧与第二管体4的外壁滑动相连。
换言之，第一管体5滑动套设在第二管体4上，第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7设置在第一管体5和第二管体4之间，实现第一管体5和第二管体4之间无接触滑动，第一滑动件6与第一管体5保持相对固定，第二滑动件7和第二管体4保持相对固定，在第一管体5和第二管体4伸展时，第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7之间的距离变小，在第一管体5和第二管体4收缩时，第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7之间的距离变大，第一管体5和第二管体4的横截面均为矩形管，也可以采用其它形状，例如圆形，正方形、椭圆形等。
本发明减少了安装第一滑动件6所需要开设的避让孔，降低了生产成本，提高了管壁的使用强度，避免管壁变形；在安装第一滑动件6时，通过将第一滑动件6直接卡装在第二管体4上，第一滑动件6的一部分超出第二管体4的端部，无需采用额外的定位工装对第一滑动件6进行固定。同时利用第二管体4的端部以外内侧的空间，使第一滑动件6的一部分向内倾斜(可直接成形或使用外力使该部分向内倾斜)，使其小于相对的第一管体5的内壁，从而顺利装入第一管体5内，降低了加工和组装成本，同时提高了装配效率。
如图3至图8所示，第一滑动件6包括：连接部65，法兰边61和多个第一滑块62，连接部65设于第二管体4与第一管体5之间；法兰边61设于连接部65的一端，法兰 边61与第一管体5的端面相抵靠；多个第一滑块62均与连接部65的另一端相连。也就是说，法兰边61和第一滑块62之间通过连接部65相连，第一滑块62位于第二管体4和第一管体5之间进行滑动导向，法兰边61位于第一管体5的端部处，法兰边61所在平面垂直于第一管体5的轴线，便于第一管体5推动法兰边61，从而带动第一滑动件6运动。
优选地，第一滑动件6直接卡装在第二管体4上时，第一滑块62向第二管体4的内侧倾斜，且第一滑块62超出第二管体4的端部，以使第一滑动件6卡装在第二管体4的端部。换言之，由于第一滑动件6在自然状态下时，第一滑块62向内倾斜，在将第一滑动件6安装在第二管体4上时，连接部65套在第二管体4上，而第一滑块62在倾斜后形成的内周缘尺寸小于第二管体4的外周缘，使得第一滑块62超出第二管体4的端部，进而使第一滑动件6卡装在第二管体4的端部。
进一步地，第一滑块62与连接部65之间设置有卡装部64a，卡装部64a朝向第二管体4，在第一滑动件6未装入时，卡装部64a与第二管体4的端部相抵靠。更进一步地，卡装部64a为过渡面，过渡面的一端与第一滑块62相连，过渡面的另一端与连接部65相连。也就是说，卡装部64a可以是能够卡在第二管体4端部的任何结构，优选为过渡面，过渡面可以是曲面或斜面，这样便于第一滑块62进入滑动间隙内。
如图2、3、4、6及图9所示，第二管体4外壁的一端开设有多个第二槽孔8，第二滑动件7包括：第二凸台72和第二滑块71，第二凸台72卡设于第二槽孔8内；第二滑块71与第二凸台72相连，第二滑块71与第一管体5滑动相连。通过第二凸台72和第二槽孔8之间的卡接配合，使得第二滑动件7能够方便安装在第二管体4上。
优选地，多个第一滑块62沿第二管体4的周向设置，多个第二滑块71沿第二管体4的周向设置。也就是说，在第二管体4的四周同时布置有第一滑块62和第二滑块71，确保了滑动时第二管体4和第一管体5之间在周向的间隙均匀，使得滑动过程更加顺滑。
根据本发明一个实施例，第二管体4与第一管体5之间具有滑动间隙，连接部65的厚度小于滑动间隙，第一滑块62的厚度大于等于滑动间隙。进一步地，第一滑块62与滑动间隙之间过盈配合，连接部65与第二管体4之间间隙配合。换言之，第二管体4与第一管体5之间通过第一滑块62和第二滑块71实现滑动相连，第一滑块62和第二滑块71的厚度大于等于第二管体4与第一管体5之间的滑动间隙，优选地，第一滑块62和第二滑块71的厚度略大于滑动间隙，那么在滑动时第一滑块62和第二滑块71与滑动间隙内可以实现过盈配合，确保滑动时第二管体4与第一管体5之间不会产生晃动；连接部65的厚度小于滑动间隙，同时连接部65与第二管体4之间有间隙，那么连接部 65的厚度较薄，且连接部65与第二管体4之间存在活动空间，一方面便于第一滑动件6轻松套在第二管体4上，另一方面，当第一滑动件6安装时，连接部65可以进行形变，由于厚度薄、与第二管体4之间存在活动空间，那么在第一管体5安装时，连接部65容易向内形变来进行避让，从而便于第一管体5套在第二管体4上。
进一步地，第一滑块62朝向第一管体5的一侧设有第一凸台63，第一管体5内壁的一端开设有多个用于容纳第一凸台63的第一槽孔10。更进一步地，第一槽孔10远离法兰边61的侧面形成倒角面11，第一槽孔10靠近法兰边61的侧面与第一凸台63相抵。换言之，法兰边61与第一管体5相抵靠，从而形成第一限位点，第一凸台63卡设在第一槽孔10内，从而形成第二限位点，由于第一滑动件6在滑动间隙内，通过上方的第一限位点和下方的第二限位点，使得第一滑动件6在滑动时始终固定在第一管体5的端部，避免了第一滑动件6在长时间工作后发生自然脱落或被从第二管体4与第一管体5之间拉出。
优选地，在第一滑动件6未装入时，第一凸台63与第一管体5相对的内壁之间存在间隙。也就是说，在第一滑块62向第二管体4内侧倾斜时，第一凸台63随之向第二管体4内部倾斜，进而使得安装时第一管体5的内壁与第一凸台63之间有一定距离，这样更加便于第一管体5套在第一滑动件6上。
根据本发明一个实施例，第一槽孔10不贯穿第一管体5的内壁，在安装完成后，第一管体5露出的表面仍然是完整的，提升了使用美感。
根据本发明一个实施例，第一滑动件6为环状结构，或者为非闭合的C形环状结构，或者由两个相对的半环拼接而成。第一滑动件6可根据实际需要进行设计，提高适应性。采用耐磨塑料制成第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7是比较适宜的，可以直接注塑成型。
根据本发明一个实施例，第一槽孔10远离法兰边61的侧面形成倒角面11，第一槽孔10靠近法兰边61的侧面与第一凸台63相抵。这样即使第一槽孔10在横向延伸到第二滑动件7的区域，组装时倒角面11也不会刮伤第二滑块71的表面。
如图3-图7所示，本发明还提供了一种根据上述的滑动结构的安装方法，包括以下步骤，步骤一：将第二管体4竖放于操作台，使第二管体4上具有第二槽孔8的一端向上；步骤二：将第一滑动件6自上而下套在第二管体4上，使卡装部64a与第二管体4的上端相抵靠，同时第一滑块62向第二管体4内部倾斜，从而使第一滑动件6卡装在第二管体4的端部；步骤三：将第二滑动件7放置在第二槽孔8内；步骤四：将第一管体5自上而下套在第一滑动件6的外表面，在第一管体5下移过程中，第一管体5下端与法兰边61抵靠，并带动第一滑动件6向下移动，使第一滑块62进入第一管体5与第 二管体4之间的间隙，同时第一凸台63卡入第一槽孔10中。也就是说，第二滑动件7利用第二槽孔8进行安装定位，第一滑动件6利用自身的可弹性变形的性能，卡装部64a抵靠在第二管体4的上端，同时第一滑块62向内倾斜，安装第一管体5时，不会发生干涉，在第一管体5向下安装过程中，第一滑动件6实现了自定位，第一管体5下端与法兰边61抵靠后，直接向下移动，使第一滑块62自动回正并进入第一管体5与第二管体4之间的间隙，安装过程方便快捷。
实施例二
如图10至图19所示，本发明公开了一种滑动结构，包括：第一管体5，第二管体4，第二滑动件7和第一滑动件6，第二管体4滑动设在第一管体5内；第二滑动件7的一侧卡设于第二管体4的外壁上，第二滑动件7的另一侧与第一管体5的内壁滑动相连；在第一滑动件6未装入时，第一滑动件6的一部分超出第二管体4的端部，第一滑动件6通过第二滑动件7间接卡装在第二管体4上；在第一滑动件6装入时，第一滑动件6从第二管体4端部上脱离，第一滑动件6的一侧卡设于第一管体5的内壁上，第一滑动件6的另一侧与第二管体4的外壁滑动相连。
换言之，第一管体5滑动套设在第二管体4上，第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7设置在第一管体5和第二管体4之间，实现第一管体5和第二管体4之间无接触滑动，第一滑动件6与第一管体5保持相对固定，第二滑动件7和第二管体4保持相对固定，在第一管体5和第二管体4伸展时，第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7之间的距离变小，在第一管体5和第二管体4收缩时，第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7之间的距离变大，第一管体5和第二管体4的横截面均为矩形管，也可以采用其它形状，例如圆形，正方形、椭圆形等。
本发明减少了安装第一滑动件6所需要开设的避让孔，降低了生产成本，提高了管壁的使用强度，避免管壁变形；在安装第一滑动件6时，将第一滑动件6通过第二滑动件7间接卡装在第二管体4上，第一滑动件6的一部分超出第二管体4的端部，无需采用额外的定位工装对第一滑动件6进行固定。同时利用第二管体4的端部以外的内侧空间，使第一滑动件6的一部分向内倾斜(可直接成形或使用外力使该部分向内倾斜)，使其小于相对的第一管体5的内壁，从而顺利装入第一管体5内，降低了加工和组装成本，同时提高了装配效率。
如图11至图17所示，第一滑动件6包括：连接部65，法兰边61和多个第一滑块62，连接部65设于第二管体4与第一管体5之间；法兰边61设于连接部65的一端，法兰边61与第一管体5的端面相抵靠；多个第一滑块62均与连接部65的另一端相连。 也就是说，法兰边61和第一滑块62之间通过连接部65相连，第一滑块62位于第二管体4和第一管体5之间进行滑动导向，法兰边61位于第一管体5的端部处，法兰边61所在平面垂直于第一管体5的轴线，便于第一管体5推动法兰边61，从而带动第一滑动件6运动。
如图10及图12至图16所示，第二管体4外壁的一端开设有多个第二槽孔8，第二滑动件7包括：第二凸台72和第二滑块71，第二凸台72卡设于第二槽孔8内；第二滑块71与第二凸台72相连，第二滑块71与第一管体5滑动相连。通过第二凸台72和第二槽孔8之间的卡接配合，使得第二滑动件7能够方便安装在第二管体4上。
优选地，第一滑动件6间接卡装在第二管体4上时，连接部65与第二滑动件7卡合，且第一滑块62超出第二管体4的端部。换言之，由于第二滑动件7通过第二凸台72与第二槽孔8相卡接，那么将第一滑动件6的连接部65与第二滑动件7卡合，同时将第一滑块62设在第二管体4的端部外，便于在安装第一管体5时，第一滑块62向内进行避让。
进一步地，第二滑动件7上设有卡齿73，连接部65上设有与卡齿73相配合的卡口64，在第一滑动件6未装入时，卡齿73与卡口64相卡合。另一方面，卡口64可设置在第二滑块71的一侧，同时，卡齿73设置在连接部65上，将卡口64和卡齿73的位置互换后仍然能够实现装配时的卡合。
更进一步地，卡口64的截面为“7”字形结构，卡口64内包括阻止壁和脱出壁，阻止壁和脱出壁相连，以组成“7”字形结构，阻止壁位于卡口64靠近法兰边61的一侧，阻止壁与脱出壁之间的夹角为锐角，卡齿73为向卡口64倾斜的杆状凸起，在第一滑动件6未装入时，杆状凸起的底面与阻止壁相抵，杆状凸起的侧面与脱出壁相抵。也就是说，卡口64具有阻止壁和脱出壁，卡齿73为倾斜的杆状凸起，杆状凸起的底面与阻止壁相抵靠后，可以阻碍第一滑动件6沿第二管体4的轴线方向运动，而脱出壁与杆状凸起的侧面相抵，由于抵靠的两个面均为斜面，且与第二管体4的轴线方向夹角为锐角，这样在第一滑动件6沿第二管体4的轴线方向远离第二滑动件7时，卡齿73能够沿着脱出壁或杆状凸起的侧面滑出卡口64，这使得第一滑动件6能够轻松脱离第二滑动件7。
优选地，多个第一滑块62沿第二管体4的周向设置，多个第二滑块71沿第二管体4的周向设置。也就是说，在第二管体4的四周同时布置有第一滑块62和第二滑块71，确保了滑动时第二管体4和第一管体5之间在周向的间隙均匀，使得滑动过程更加顺滑。
根据本发明一个实施例，第二管体4与第一管体5之间具有滑动间隙，连接部65的厚度小于滑动间隙，第一滑块62的厚度大于等于滑动间隙。进一步地，第一滑块62 与滑动间隙之间过盈配合，连接部65与第二管体4之间间隙配合。换言之，第二管体4与第一管体5之间通过第一滑块62和第二滑块71实现滑动相连，第一滑块62和第二滑块71的厚度大于等于第二管体4与第一管体5之间的滑动间隙，优选地，第一滑块62和第二滑块71的厚度略大于滑动间隙，那么在滑动时第一滑块62和第二滑块71与滑动间隙内可以实现过盈配合，确保滑动时第二管体4与第一管体5之间不会产生晃动；连接部65的厚度小于滑动间隙，同时连接部65与第二管体4之间有间隙，那么连接部65的厚度较薄，且连接部65与第二管体4之间存在活动空间，一方面便于第一滑动件6轻松套在第二管体4上，另一方面，当第一滑动件6安装时，连接部65可以进行形变，由于厚度薄、与第二管体4之间存在活动空间，那么在第一管体5安装时，连接部65容易向内形变来进行避让，从而便于第一管体5套在第二管体4上。
进一步地，第一滑块62朝向第一管体5的一侧设有第一凸台63，第一管体5内壁的一端开设有多个用于容纳第一凸台63的第一槽孔10。更进一步地，第一槽孔10远离法兰边61的侧面形成倒角面11，第一槽孔10靠近法兰边61的侧面与第一凸台63相抵。换言之，法兰边61与第一管体5相抵靠，从而形成第一限位点，第一凸台63卡设在第一槽孔10内，从而形成第二限位点，由于第一滑动件6在滑动间隙内，通过上方的第一限位点和下方的第二限位点，使得第一滑动件6在滑动时始终固定在第一管体5的端部，避免了第一滑动件6在长时间工作后发生自然脱落或被从第二管体4与第一管体5之间拉出。
优选地，第一凸台63远离法兰边61的一侧具有导向斜面，在第一滑动件6未装入时，导向斜面用于对第一管体5进行导向。也就是说，在套上第一管体5时，由于第一凸台63在滑动方向上与第一管体5有部分重合，设置导向斜面可以便于第一管体5的端部沿导向斜面套在第一滑动件6上，提升了安装时的便捷性。
更为优选地，在第一滑动件6未装入时，可直接成形或用外力使第一滑块62向第二管体4的端部以外的内侧空间倾斜，从而使第一凸台63与第一管体5相对的内壁之间存在间隙。也就是说，在第一滑块62向第二管体4内侧倾斜时，第一凸台63随之向第二管体4内部倾斜，进而使得安装时第一管体5的内壁与第一凸台63之间有一定距离，这样更加便于第一管体5套在第一滑动件6上。将第一滑块62直接成形为向内侧倾斜的方案可参考实施例一。值得说明的是，用外力使第一滑块62向侧倾斜的方法，可以直接手工压扳，也可借用小的工装向内收压，使第一滑块62在一小段时间内(例如：数十秒到数分钟)保持内倾/缓慢恢复状态。这可以通过选用恢复缓慢的塑料材料或结构设计来实现，这里不做赘述。
根据本发明一个实施例，第一槽孔10不贯穿第一管体5的内壁，在安装完成后，第一管体5露出的表面仍然是完整的，提升了使用美感。
根据本发明一个实施例，第一滑动件6为环状结构，或者为非闭合的C形环状结构，或者由两个相对的半环拼接而成。第一滑动件6可根据实际需要进行设计，提高适应性。采用耐磨塑料制成第一滑动件6和第二滑动件7是比较适宜的，可以直接注塑成型。
根据本发明一个实施例，第一槽孔10远离法兰边61的侧面形成倒角面11，第一槽孔10靠近法兰边61的侧面与第一凸台63相抵。这样即使第一槽孔10在横向延伸到第二滑动件7的区域，组装时倒角面11也不会刮伤第二滑块71的表面。
如图12-图17所示，本发明还提供了一种根据上述的滑动结构的装配方法，包括以下步骤，步骤一：将第一滑动件6套在第二管体4上，将第二滑动件7上的第二凸台72固定在第二槽孔8内；步骤二：移动第一滑动件6直至卡齿73与卡口64相卡合，使得第一滑动件6固定在第二管体4上；步骤三：将第一管体5套在第一滑动件6的外表面，第一管体5受到第一凸台63上导向斜面的引导，压迫第一凸台63和第一滑块62向第二管体4的内部弯曲变形，以便于第一管体5套到第一滑动件6上；步骤四：推动第一管体5套至第二管体4，第一管体5的端部与法兰边61抵靠时，第一凸台63卡入第一槽孔10中，然后第一管体5带动第一滑动件6远离第二滑动件7，使卡口64沿脱出壁滑动脱离卡齿73。
实施例三
如图1-图2所示，本发明还提供一种致动器，包括：如上述的滑动结构；箱体2，箱体2内设有驱动件1，箱体2与滑动结构的一端固接；丝杆组件3，丝杆组件3设于滑动结构内，丝杆组件3包括：中空传动杆31、丝杆32和螺母33，中空传动杆31的一端与驱动件1的旋转端同轴地相连，中空传动杆31的另一端上固接有螺母33，丝杆32设于中空传动杆31的内部，丝杆32的外周面与螺母33通过螺纹啮合，丝杆32远离箱体2的一端与滑动结构的另一端相连，驱动件1通过丝杆组件3驱动滑动结构做伸缩运动。
进一步地，如图20所示，丝杆32远离箱体2的一端直联有底板9，底板9的外周面与第二管体4的内壁固接，箱体2与第一管体5固接，优选为焊接固定。或者，如图1所示，丝杆32远离箱体2的一端直联有底板9，底板9的外周面与第一管体5的内壁固接，优选为焊接固定，箱体2与第二管体4固接。
作为实施例三的另一种变形，也可以将图1-图2所示致动器的丝杆组件3倒置安装，即丝杆32的一端与驱动件1的旋转端同轴地相连，中空传动杆31的一端与底板9固定， 固定于中空传动杆31的螺母33与丝杆32螺纹啮合。工作时丝杆32被驱动旋转，中空传动杆31和螺母33不转动，只沿丝杆32轴线作直线伸缩。
更进一步地，如图21所示，滑动结构还包括：第三管体12，第三管体12滑动套设于第一管体5的外部，第三管体12和第一管体5之间的结构与第一管体5和第二管体4之间的结构相同。
也就是说，驱动件1提供旋转动力，丝杆组件3将旋转动力转换为直线方向的伸缩动力，本申请的滑动结构可以是第一管体5与箱体2连接，也可以是第二管体4与箱体2连接，第一管体5与第二管体4由丝杆组件3带动产生相对滑动，同时滑动结构不限于两个管体之间滑动，还可以包括第三管体12或更多的管体，形成多级的滑动结构，增加使用范围，该制动器可广泛应用于升降家具上，为家具提供了稳定可靠的升降功能。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种滑动结构，其特征在于，包括：
    第一管体(5)；
    第二管体(4)，所述第二管体(4)滑动设在所述第一管体(5)内；
    第二滑动件(7)，所述第二滑动件(7)的一侧卡设于所述第二管体(4)的外壁上，所述第二滑动件(7)的另一侧与所述第一管体(5)的内壁滑动相连；
    第一滑动件(6)，在所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述第一滑动件(6)的一部分超出所述第二管体(4)的端部，所述第一滑动件(6)直接卡装在所述第二管体(4)上，或通过所述第二滑动件(7)间接卡装在所述第二管体(4)上；在所述第一滑动件(6)装入时，所述第一滑动件(6)从所述第二管体(4)端部上脱离，所述第一滑动件(6)的一侧卡设于所述第一管体(5)的内壁上，所述第一滑动件(6)的另一侧与所述第二管体(4)的外壁滑动相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第一滑动件(6)包括：
    连接部(65)，所述连接部(65)设于所述第二管体(4)与所述第一管体(5)之间；
    法兰边(61)，所述法兰边(61)设于所述连接部(65)的一端，所述法兰边(61)与所述第一管体(5)的端面相抵靠；
    多个第一滑块(62)，多个所述第一滑块(62)设于所述第二管体(4)与所述第一管体(5)之间，多个所述第一滑块(62)均与所述连接部(65)的另一端相连。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第二管体(4)外壁的一端开设有多个第二槽孔(8)，所述第二滑动件(7)包括：
    第二凸台(72)，所述第二凸台(72)卡设于所述第二槽孔(8)内；
    第二滑块(71)，所述第二滑块(71)与所述第二凸台(72)相连，所述第二滑块(71)与所述第一管体(5)滑动相连。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，在所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述第一滑动件(6)直接卡装在所述第二管体(4)上，所述第一滑块(62)向所述第二管体(4)的内侧倾斜，且所述第一滑块(62)超出所述第二管体(4)的端部，以使所述第一滑动件(6)卡装在所述第二管体(4)的端部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第一滑块(62)与所述连接部(65)之间设置有卡装部(64a)，所述卡装部(64a)朝向所述第二管体(4)，在 所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述卡装部(64a)与所述第二管体(4)的端部相抵靠卡装。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述卡装部(64a)为过渡面，所述过渡面的一端与所述第一滑块(62)相连，所述过渡面的另一端与所述连接部(65)相连。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，在所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述第一滑动件(6)间接卡装在所述第二管体(4)上，所述第一滑动件(6)与所述第二滑动件(7)卡合，且所述第一滑块(62)超出所述第二管体(4)的端部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第二滑动件(7)上设有卡齿(73)，所述第一滑动件(6)上设有与所述卡齿(73)相配合的卡口(64)，在所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述卡齿(73)与所述卡口(64)相卡合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述卡口(64)内包括阻止壁和脱出壁，所述阻止壁和所述脱出壁相连，所述阻止壁位于所述卡口(64)靠近所述法兰边(61)的一侧，所述阻止壁与所述脱出壁之间的夹角为锐角，所述卡齿(73)为向所述卡口(64)倾斜的杆状凸起，在所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述杆状凸起的底面与所述阻止壁相抵，所述杆状凸起的侧面与所述脱出壁相抵。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第二管体(4)与所述第一管体(5)之间具有滑动间隙，所述连接部(65)的厚度小于所述滑动间隙，所述第一滑块(62)的厚度大于等于所述滑动间隙。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第二管体(4)与所述第一管体(5)之间具有滑动间隙，所述第一滑块(62)与所述滑动间隙之间过盈配合，所述连接部(65)与所述第二管体(4)之间间隙配合。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第一滑块(62)朝向所述第一管体(5)的一侧设有第一凸台(63)，所述第一管体(5)内壁的一端开设有多个用于容纳所述第一凸台(63)的第一槽孔(10)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，在所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述第一凸台(63)与所述第一管体(5)相对的内壁之间存在间隙。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第一槽孔(10)不贯穿所述第一管体(5)的内壁。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第一槽孔(10)远离所述法兰边(61)的侧面形成倒角面(11)，所述第一槽孔(10)靠近所述法兰边(61)的 侧面与所述第一凸台(63)相抵。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第一凸台(63)远离所述法兰边(61)的一侧具有导向斜面，在所述第一滑动件(6)未装入时，所述导向斜面用于对所述第一管体(5)进行导向。
  17. 根据权利要求2所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，多个所述第一滑块(62)沿所述第二管体(4)的周向设置。
  18. 根据权利要求3所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，多个所述第二滑块(71)沿所述第二管体(4)的周向设置。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的滑动结构，其特征在于，所述第一滑动件(6)为环状结构，或者为非闭合的C形环状结构，或者由两个相对的半环拼接而成。
  20. 一种根据权利要求2或4或5或6中任一所述的滑动结构的安装方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤，
    步骤一：将第二管体(4)竖放于操作台；
    步骤二：将第一滑动件(6)自上而下套在第二管体(4)上，使第一滑动件(6)内侧的一部分与第二管体(4)的上端相抵靠，同时第一滑块(62)向第二管体(4)内部倾斜，从而使第一滑动件(6)卡装在第二管体(4)的端部；
    步骤三：将第二滑动件(7)安装在第二管体(4)上；
    步骤四：将第一管体(5)自上而下套在第一滑动件(6)的外表面，在第一管体(5)下移过程中，第一管体(5)下端与法兰边(61)抵靠，并带动第一滑动件(6)向下移动，使第一滑块(62)进入第一管体(5)与第二管体(4)之间。
  21. 一种根据权利要求7-17中任一所述的滑动结构的安装方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤，
    步骤一：将第一滑动件(6)套在第二管体(4)上，将第二滑动件(7)固定在第二管体(4)上；
    步骤二：移动第一滑动件(6)直至第一滑动件(6)与第二滑动件(7)相卡合，使得第一滑动件(6)固定在第二管体(4)上；
    步骤三：将第一管体(5)套在第一滑动件(6)的外表面，第一管体(5)压迫第一滑动件(6)向第二管体(4)的内部弯曲变形，以便于第一管体(5)套到第一滑动件(6)上；
    步骤四：推动第一管体(5)套至第二管体(4)，第一管体(5)的端部与法兰边(61)抵靠时，第一滑动件(6)的一侧卡设在第一管体(5)的内壁上，然后第一管体(5) 带动第一滑动件(6)远离第二滑动件(7)，使第一滑动件(6)与第二滑动件(7)脱开卡合。
  22. 一种致动器，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-19中任一所述的滑动结构；
    箱体(2)，所述箱体(2)内设有驱动件(1)，所述箱体(2)与所述滑动结构的一端固接；
    丝杆组件(3)，所述丝杆组件(3)设于所述滑动结构内，所述丝杆组件(3)包括：中空传动杆(31)、丝杆(32)和螺母(33)，所述中空传动杆(31)的一端与所述驱动件(1)的旋转端相连，所述中空传动杆(31)的另一端上固接有螺母(33)，所述丝杆(32)设于所述中空传动杆(31)的内部，所述丝杆(32)的外周面与所述螺母(33)通过螺纹啮合，所述丝杆(32)远离所述箱体(2)的一端与所述滑动结构的另一端相连，所述驱动件(1)通过所述丝杆组件(3)驱动所述滑动结构做伸缩运动。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的致动器，其特征在于，所述丝杆(32)远离所述箱体(2)的一端直联有底板(9)，所述底板(9)的外周面与所述第二管体(4)的内壁固接，所述箱体(2)与所述第一管体(5)固接。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的致动器，其特征在于，所述丝杆(32)远离所述箱体(2)的一端直联有底板(9)，所述底板(9)的外周面与所述第一管体(5)的内壁固接，所述箱体(2)与所述第二管体(4)固接。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的致动器，其特征在于，所述滑动结构还包括：
    第三管体(12)，所述第三管体(12)滑动套设于所述第一管体(5)的外部，所述第三管体(12)和所述第一管体(5)之间的结构与所述第一管体(5)和所述第二管体(4)之间的结构相同。
PCT/CN2022/098156 2021-11-16 2022-06-10 滑动结构、安装方法和致动器 WO2023087680A1 (zh)

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