WO2023087643A1 - 一种高压盒、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

一种高压盒、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087643A1
WO2023087643A1 PCT/CN2022/093966 CN2022093966W WO2023087643A1 WO 2023087643 A1 WO2023087643 A1 WO 2023087643A1 CN 2022093966 W CN2022093966 W CN 2022093966W WO 2023087643 A1 WO2023087643 A1 WO 2023087643A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage box
battery
relay
heat
water
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PCT/CN2022/093966
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕娟霞
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020227029386A priority Critical patent/KR20230076119A/ko
Priority to EP22754755.1A priority patent/EP4207471A4/en
Priority to JP2022551052A priority patent/JP2023554204A/ja
Priority to US18/299,159 priority patent/US20230275282A1/en
Publication of WO2023087643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023087643A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B60R16/0239—Electronic boxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/667—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an electronic component, e.g. a CPU, an inverter or a capacitor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20845—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for automotive electronic casings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electrochemical devices, in particular to a high-voltage box, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the high-voltage box In electric devices such as vehicles driven by electricity or hybrid power, the high-voltage box is a control unit for distributing power battery energy, and is used for high-voltage distribution of power batteries.
  • the high-voltage box usually adopts a centralized design, and the structural design is relatively compact.
  • the high-voltage box In order to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle, the high-voltage box needs to work in environments such as vibration, high and low temperature, damp heat, and strong power output.
  • the heat dissipation effect of the current high-voltage box is poor, which leads to problems such as overheating of the high-voltage box, and then affects the safety performance of the battery and the electric device.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a high-voltage box, a battery and an electrical device, so as to improve the heat dissipation effect of the high-voltage box, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the specific technical scheme is as follows:
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a high-voltage box.
  • the high-voltage box includes a housing and a relay.
  • the housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing.
  • the upper housing and the lower housing are connected to form an accommodation space; the relay is placed In the accommodating space, the relay includes a conductive sheet, and the conductive sheet is in contact with the lower casing.
  • the high-voltage box can be placed in the battery box, and the lower shell of the high-voltage box is fixedly connected to the battery box.
  • the relay is arranged in the high-voltage box, and the conductive sheet of the relay is in direct contact with the inner side of the lower casing of the high-voltage box.
  • the heat generated by the relay is transferred to the conductive sheet of the relay. Since the conductive sheet is in direct contact with the inner side of the lower case, the heat in the conductive sheet can be directly transferred to the lower case, through the lower case Quickly transfer to the outside of the high-voltage box, reducing the probability of heat transfer and storage inside the high-voltage box.
  • the heat generated by the relay is quickly dissipated through the conductive sheet and the lower case, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the high-voltage box, thereby reducing the probability of overheating of the high-voltage box and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the high-voltage box further includes a water-cooling plate, the water-cooling plate is in contact with the side of the lower case away from the relay, the water-cooling plate includes at least one water-cooling channel, and the water-cooling plate also includes a water inlet and a water outlet communicating with the at least one water-cooling channel .
  • the water-cooled plate can absorb the heat transferred to the lower case by components such as relays, which can further improve the heat dissipation effect of the high-voltage box, thereby further improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the lower casing includes a metal part and a plastic part that are integrally injected.
  • the metal part in the lower casing can absorb heat generated by components such as relays faster and transfer it out, further improving the heat dissipation effect of the high-voltage box.
  • the side of the metal part away from the relay is exposed on the surface of the lower case and is in contact with the water cooling plate.
  • the high-voltage box further includes at least one heat-conducting metal block, the at least one heat-conducting metal block is placed in the accommodation space, and the at least one heat-conducting metal block is connected to the conductive sheet and in contact with the lower case.
  • At least one heat-conducting metal block is arranged in the high-voltage box to connect with the conductive sheet, which can store part of the heat energy emitted by the relay, and at least one heat-conducting metal block is also in contact with the lower case, and the heat energy stored by the at least one heat-conducting metal block can be combined with the relay
  • the transferred heat energy is better transferred to the lower shell, improving the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the high voltage box further includes a heat conduction pad and a heat conduction insulating film, the heat conduction pad is disposed between the lower case and the water cooling plate, and the heat conduction insulation film is disposed between the heat conduction pad and the water cooling plate.
  • the thermal pad can quickly absorb the heat in the high-voltage box and quickly transfer the heat to the water-cooled plate, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the high-voltage box; the heat-conducting insulating film can reduce the probability of the current in the high-voltage box being transferred to the water-cooled plate, and improve the high-voltage box. security.
  • the side of the metal portion close to the relay includes at least one electrical connection area, and at least one electrical connection area is exposed on the surface of the lower case.
  • the electrical connection area is exposed, which is convenient for connecting with the components in the high-voltage box, and can improve the assembly efficiency between the lower shell of the high-voltage box and the components.
  • the electrical connection area is a raised structure.
  • the protruding structure facilitates the connection between the electrical connection area on the lower case and the components in the high-voltage box, further improving the assembly efficiency between the lower case of the high-voltage box and the components.
  • At least one edge of the electrical connection area is provided with a chamfered structure, and an insulating layer is provided on the chamfered structure.
  • the chamfer structure can reduce the probability of residual glue attached to the surface of the electrical connection surface, thereby reducing the probability of affecting the connection of the lower housing and components due to the residual glue on the surface of the electrical connection.
  • the chamfered structure can reduce the requirements on the manufacturing mold of the lower shell and the manufacturing precision of the lower shell, and simplify the production process of the lower shell; the chamfered structure has an insulating layer, which can reduce the pressure on the manufacturing mold of the lower shell. The impact on the electrical connection surface during the bonding process also reduces the probability of mold damage during the bonding process.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a battery, and the battery includes any one of the high-voltage boxes described above.
  • An embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides an electric device, the electric device includes the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to provide electric energy to the electric device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery of some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial top view of the battery case of some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a high-voltage box according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial top view of the battery case of some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower casing of the high-voltage box in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of area A in FIG. 7 .
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • the high-voltage box includes components such as fuses, relays, current sensors, and pre-charging resistors, and each component is arranged in the accommodation space in the high-voltage box.
  • components such as fuses, relays, current sensors, and pre-charging resistors
  • each component is arranged in the accommodation space in the high-voltage box.
  • high-voltage boxes need to work in environments such as vibration, high and low temperature, damp heat, and strong power output.
  • the connection harness in order to minimize the space of the vehicle and reduce the connection harness, and reduce the probability of thermal failure of the high-voltage box or battery, not only the layout of the components in the high-voltage box is required, but also the high-voltage box needs to be well equipped. cooling system.
  • the heat dissipation performance of the high-voltage box can be improved by increasing the cross-sectional area of the copper bar in the high-voltage box.
  • increasing the cross-sectional area of the copper bar requires a large space inside the high-voltage box.
  • heat dissipation holes can also be provided on the housing of the high voltage box, so as to improve the heat dissipation performance of the high voltage box without affecting the space in the high voltage box.
  • the cooling holes have little effect on improving the heat dissipation performance of the high-voltage box, and will also affect the safety performance of the battery with the high-voltage box.
  • the inventor designed a high-voltage box after in-depth research. That is, the high-voltage box in this application, by inverting the relay in the high-voltage box, the conductive sheet on the relay is in contact with the lower case of the high-voltage box, so that the heat generated by the relay during operation can be directly transferred to the high-voltage box through the conductive sheet.
  • the case under the box can improve the heat dissipation capacity of the high-voltage box and improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using the battery including the above-mentioned high-voltage box as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and Electric tools, etc., for example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc., electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc. etc.
  • Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers.
  • the batteries described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to be applicable to the electric devices described above, but can also be applied to all devices using batteries. However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments take electric vehicles as examples for illustration.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to the embodiment of the present application
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or Extended range cars, etc.
  • a battery 2 , a controller 3 and a motor 4 can be arranged inside the vehicle 1 , and the controller 3 is used to control the power supply of the battery 2 to the motor 4 .
  • the battery 2 may be provided at the bottom or front or rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , used for the circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, used for starting, navigating and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1, but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 2 mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 6 to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery 2 may include a plurality of battery cells 6 .
  • the number of battery cells 6 and the connection between the battery cells 6 can be set according to requirements to meet different power requirements.
  • a plurality of battery cells 6 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel, and the mixed connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections, so that the battery 2 has a larger capacity or power.
  • a plurality of battery cells 6 can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery 2 . That is to say, a plurality of battery cells 6 can directly form the battery 2 , or can first form a battery module, and then the battery module can form the battery 2 .
  • the battery 2 also includes a battery case 5 (or called a cover), and the battery case 5 has an accommodating space inside, and a plurality of battery cells 6 are accommodated in the accommodating space.
  • the battery case 5 may include two parts, which are referred to here as the first part 51 and the second part 52, please refer to Figures 2 and 3, and Figure 3 is the first part of a battery case 5 51.
  • the first part 51 and the second part 52 can be connected by fastening, bonding, etc. to form a receiving space.
  • a plurality of battery cells 6 are connected in parallel or connected in series or mixed and placed in the box 5 formed by connecting the first part 51 and the second part 52 .
  • the shapes of the first part 51 and the second part 52 can be determined according to the shape of a plurality of battery cells 6 combined.
  • the battery case 5 is used to protect at least one battery cell 6 , so as to reduce the impact of liquid or other foreign objects outside the battery 2 on the charging or discharging of the at least one battery cell 6 .
  • the battery cell 6 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the packaging methods of the battery cells 6 include, but are not limited to, cylindrical battery cells, square prismatic battery cells, and pouch battery cells, etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 2 may also include other structures, which will not be repeated here.
  • the battery 2 may also include a current-flow component.
  • the confluence component is used to realize the electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 6 , for example to realize the parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection among the multiple battery cells 6 .
  • the current-combining component can realize the electrical connection between the battery cells 6 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 6 .
  • the current-combining component can be fixedly connected to the electrode terminals of the battery cells 6 by means of welding.
  • the current converging component may include a conductive mechanism, and the electric energy generated by the plurality of battery cells 6 may be further drawn out through the battery case 5 through the conductive mechanism.
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a high-voltage box 7 .
  • the high voltage box 7 includes a housing and a relay 72 , the housing includes an upper housing 711 and a lower housing 712 , and the upper housing 711 and the lower housing 712 are connected to form an accommodation space.
  • the relay 72 is placed in the accommodating space, and the relay 72 includes a conductive sheet 721 , and the conductive sheet 721 is in contact with the lower case 712 .
  • the upper casing 711 and the lower casing 712 are used to form an accommodating space for accommodating various components in the high voltage box 7 .
  • the upper casing 711 and the lower casing 712 are used to protect the components such as the relay 72, reduce the influence of external objects on the components such as the relay 72 in the high voltage box 7, and the high voltage components in the high voltage box 7 affect other components inside the battery 2. structural impact.
  • the lower housing 712 is also used for fixed connection with the battery box 5 to fix the high voltage box 7 in the battery box 5 .
  • the material of the upper shell 711 and the lower shell 712 can be plastic, metal, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the relay 72 is placed in the housing of the high voltage box 7 , and the conductive sheet 721 of the relay 72 is used to draw out the internal circuit of the relay 72 and connect it to the outside.
  • the high-voltage box 7 can be placed in the battery box 5 , and the lower case 712 of the high-voltage box 7 is fixedly connected to the battery box 5 .
  • the relay 72 is disposed in the high voltage box 7 , and the conductive sheet 721 of the relay 72 is in direct contact with the inner side of the lower casing 712 of the high voltage box 7 .
  • the heat generated by the relay 72 is transferred to the conductive sheet 721 of the relay 72. Since the conductive sheet 721 is in direct contact with the inner side of the lower casing 712, the heat in the conductive sheet 721 can be directly transferred to the lower casing.
  • the body 712 In the body 712, it is quickly transferred to the outside of the high-voltage box 7 through the lower casing 712, reducing the probability of heat transfer and storage inside the high-voltage box 7.
  • the heat generated by the relay 72 is dissipated quickly through the conductive sheet 721 and the lower casing 712, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the high voltage box 7, thereby reducing the probability of overheating of the high voltage box 7 and improving the safety performance of the battery 2.
  • the high-voltage box 7 also includes a water-cooled plate 73, and the water-cooled plate 73 is in contact with the side of the lower housing 712 away from the relay 72.
  • the water-cooled plate 73 includes at least one water-cooled channel, and the water-cooled plate 73 73 also includes a water inlet and a water outlet connected to at least one water cooling channel.
  • the water cooling plate 73 may be in contact with the lower casing 712 of the high voltage box 7 .
  • the water cooling plate 73 is a component capable of absorbing heat in the lower casing 712 to cool down the lower casing 712 and the high voltage box 7 .
  • the water-cooling plate 73 includes at least one water-cooling channel, the cooling water flows into at least one water-cooling channel through the water inlet on the water-cooling plate 73, and absorbs the heat transferred from the high-pressure box 7 to the water-cooling plate 73, and then the cooling water after absorbing the heat passes through the water outlet flow out to realize the cooling of the high-voltage box 7.
  • the battery 2 may also include a battery water-cooled plate for cooling the battery module or the battery cell 6, and the water-cooled plate 73 in the embodiment of the present application may also be integrated with the battery water-cooled plate to reduce the temperature of the high-voltage box 7 and The space occupied by the water cooling plate 73 contained therein reduces the structural complexity of the battery 2 .
  • the water-cooled plate 73 can absorb the heat transferred from the relay 72 and other components to the lower case 712, so as to realize the cooling of the high-voltage box 7, thereby further improving the heat dissipation effect of the high-voltage box 7, and further improving the battery capacity. 2 safety performance.
  • the lower housing 712 includes a metal part 7121 and a plastic part 7122 which are integrally injected.
  • both the metal part 7121 and the plastic part 7122 are main components of the lower casing 712 .
  • the material of the metal part 7121 can be copper, aluminum and other metals or alloys with large thermal conductivity and good thermal conductivity.
  • the plastic part 7122 can be insulating materials such as rubber and plastic.
  • the lower casing 712 has a metal part 7121. Since the metal part 7121 has a relatively large thermal conductivity and good thermal conductivity, the heat generated in the high-voltage box 7 can be quickly exported through the metal part 7121 and then connected with the metal part 7121.
  • the water-cooled plate 73 in contact with the part 7121 absorbs it, increases the speed of heat transfer, and further improves the heat dissipation effect of the high-voltage box 7 .
  • the integral injection molding structure can not only save space for the high-voltage box 7 to arrange, but also improve the assembly efficiency of the high-voltage box 7 .
  • the side of the metal part 7121 away from the relay 72 is exposed on the surface of the lower casing 712 and is in contact with the water cooling plate 73 .
  • the surface of the metal part 7121 is exposed and directly in contact with the water-cooled plate 73, that is, there is no plastic part 7122 between the metal part 7121 and the water-cooled plate 73, so that the heat generated in the high-voltage box 7 can pass through the metal part 7121 is quickly exported and absorbed by the water-cooled plate 73 in contact with the metal part 7121, which can better transfer the heat conducted on the lower casing 712 of the high-voltage box to the water-cooled plate 73, increase the speed of heat transfer, and further improve the heat dissipation of the high-voltage box 7 Effect.
  • the high-voltage box 7 also includes at least one heat-conducting metal block 74, at least one heat-conducting metal block 74 is placed in the accommodation space, at least one heat-conducting metal block 74 is connected to the conductive sheet 721 and connected to the The lower housing 712 is in contact.
  • At least one heat-conducting metal block 74 includes, but is not limited to, aluminum blocks, copper blocks, and other metal blocks with high thermal conductivity and strong thermal conductivity. At least one thermally conductive metal block 74 is used for conducting and storing thermal energy.
  • the shape of at least one heat-conducting metal block 74 includes but not limited to a rectangular body and the like. At least one heat-conducting metal block 74 can be lock-connected with the conductive sheet 721 of the relay 72 .
  • At least one heat-conducting metal block 74 is arranged in the high-voltage box 7, and at least one heat-conducting metal block 74 is connected to the conductive sheet 721, at least one heat-conducting metal block 74 can store part of the heat energy emitted by the relay 72, further Increase the heat dissipation speed of the relay 72.
  • the heat generated by the relay 72 can be transferred to the lower case 712 through the at least one heat-conducting metal block 74, so that the at least one heat-conducting metal
  • the contact area between the block 74 and the lower housing 712 of the high-voltage box is larger, which increases the heat dissipation area of the relay 72, and provides a new path for the heat transfer of the relay 72 to the lower housing 712 of the high-voltage box, and at least one heat-conducting metal block 74
  • the stored heat energy and the heat energy transferred by the relay 72 are better transferred to the lower housing 712, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the high voltage box 7.
  • the high-voltage box 7 further includes a thermally conductive pad 75 and a thermally conductive insulating film 76, the thermally conductive pad 75 is arranged between the lower housing 712 and the water cooling plate 73, and the thermally conductive insulating film 76 It is arranged between the heat conduction pad 75 and the water cooling plate 73 .
  • the heat conduction pad 75 is a high-performance gap filling heat conduction material, which can be used to form the heat transfer interface between the lower shell 712 and the water cooling plate 73, and fill the gap between the lower shell 712 and the water cooling plate 73 of the high-voltage box.
  • the gap completes the heat transfer between the lower casing 712 of the high-voltage box and the water-cooled plate 73 .
  • the thermally conductive insulating film 76 is an insulating component covering the surface of the water-cooling plate 73 to transfer heat to the water-cooling plate 73 faster.
  • the heat conduction pad 75 and the heat conduction insulating film 76 can be the same material with both good thermal conductivity and excellent insulation, such as silicone material, which has both good thermal conductivity and excellent insulation, which can satisfy most thermal insulation requirements.
  • the materials of the heat conduction pad 75 and the heat conduction insulation film 76 can be selected according to requirements, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the heat conduction pad 75 can fill the gap between the lower case 712 and the water-cooled plate 73, so that the air between the lower case 712 and the water-cooled plate 73 can be discharged, so that the gap between the water-cooled plate 73 and the lower case 712 The contact between them is more sufficient, thereby increasing the heat dissipation effect of the high-voltage box 7.
  • the heat conduction pad 75 is arranged between the lower housing 712 and the water cooling plate 73 , so that the heat conduction pad 75 can quickly absorb the heat in the high voltage box 7 and quickly transfer the heat to the water cooling plate 73 , further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the high voltage box 7 .
  • the thermally conductive insulating film 76 can reduce the probability that the current in the high voltage box 7 is transmitted to the water cooling plate 73 while ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency, and improve the safety of the high voltage box 7 .
  • the side of the metal part 7121 close to the relay 72 includes at least one electrical connection area 713 , and at least one electrical connection area 713 is exposed on the surface of the lower casing 712 .
  • the electrical connection area 713 is the electrical connection plane of the lower housing 712, and the electrical connection area 713 may include a plurality of locking points 714, and the locking points 714 are used to fix the high-voltage box 7 itself and other components.
  • the locking point 714 is also exposed on the surface of the lower casing 712 .
  • the electrical connection area 713 is exposed on the surface of the lower housing 712, that is, the electrical connection area 713 is not covered by plastic parts, which facilitates the connection between the lower housing 712 and the components in the high-voltage box 7, and can improve the high-voltage box. Assembly efficiency between the lower housing 712 and components.
  • the electrical connection area 713 is a raised structure.
  • the electrical connection area 713 may be an electrical connection plane protruding into the high-voltage box 7 by performing processes such as stamping on the metal part 7121 .
  • the electrical connection area 713 is set as a raised structure, which can not only reduce the flatness requirements of the surface of the electrical connection area 713, but also reduce the contact between the electrical connection area 713 and the components in the high-voltage box 7.
  • the gap between the contact surfaces of the components reduces the useless overlapping area in the high-voltage box 7 .
  • the protruding structure facilitates the connection between the electrical connection area 713 and the components in the high voltage box 7, further improving the assembly efficiency between the lower housing 712 of the high voltage box and the components.
  • At least one edge of the electrical connection area 713 is provided with a chamfered structure 715 , and an insulating layer is formed on the chamfered structure 715 .
  • the chamfer structure 715 there is a chamfer structure 715 at the edge of the electrical connection area 713 , and the chamfer structure 715 can lower the electrical connection area 713 during the pressing process of the integral injection molding of the metal part 7121 and the plastic part 7122 of the lower housing 712 .
  • the probability of residual glue attached to the surface reduces the probability of affecting the connection between the lower housing 712 and components due to the residual glue on the surface of the electrical connection area 713 .
  • the size of the chamfered structure 715 can be set according to actual requirements and process precision, which is not limited in this application.
  • the dimension of the chamfer structure 715 may be C0.6. The inventors of the present application have verified that the chamfered structure 715 of C0.6 can meet the requirements of the production process, and can also achieve the use effect required by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chamfer structure 715 can reduce the requirements on the manufacturing mold of the lower case 712 and the manufacturing precision of the lower case 712 , and simplify the production process of the lower case 712 .
  • the chamfer structure 715 can be arranged around the edge of the electrical connection area 713 .
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a battery 2, and the battery 2 includes any one of the high-voltage boxes 7 described above.
  • the high-voltage box 7 of the battery 2 proposed in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the high-voltage box 7 can be placed in the battery box 5 , and the lower case 712 of the high-voltage box 7 is fixedly connected to the battery box 5 .
  • the relay 72 is disposed in the high voltage box 7 , and the conductive sheet 721 of the relay 72 is in direct contact with the inner side of the lower casing 712 of the high voltage box 7 .
  • the heat generated by the relay 72 is transferred to the conductive sheet 721 of the relay 72. Since the conductive sheet 721 is in direct contact with the inner side of the lower casing 712, the heat in the conductive sheet 721 can be directly transferred to the lower casing.
  • the body 712 In the body 712, it is quickly transferred to the outside of the high-voltage box 7 through the lower casing 712, reducing the probability of heat transfer and storage inside the high-voltage box 7.
  • the heat generated by the relay 72 is dissipated quickly through the conductive sheet 721 and the lower casing 712, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the high voltage box 7, thereby reducing the probability of overheating of the high voltage box 7 and improving the safety performance of the battery 2.
  • the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides an electric device, the electric device includes the battery 2 mentioned above, and the battery 2 is used to provide electric energy to the electric device.
  • the electric device since the electric device includes the above-mentioned battery 2 , the electric device has all the advantages of the above-mentioned battery 2 .
  • the electric device may be any of the above-mentioned devices or systems using the battery 2 .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种高压盒、电池及用电装置，高压盒包括壳体和继电器，壳体包括上壳体和下壳体，上壳体和下壳体连接并形成容纳空间；继电器置于容纳空间内，继电器包括导电片，导电片与下壳体接触。在高压盒工作过程中，继电器因工作所产生的热量传递至继电器的导电片，由于导电片与下壳体内侧直接接触，导电片中的热量可直接传递至下壳体中，经由下壳体快速传递至高压盒外，降低了热量在高压盒内部传递及存储的概率。继电器所产生的热量经由导电片及下壳体快速散出，可以提高高压盒的散热效率，从而降低高压盒出现过热等现象的概率，提高电池的安全性能。

Description

一种高压盒、电池及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年11月22日提交的名称为“一种高压盒、电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请202122866340.0的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电化学装置技术领域，特别是涉及一种高压盒、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
在以电或混合动力驱动的车辆等用电装置中，高压盒是分配动力电池能量的控制单元，用于对动力电池进行高压分配。相关技术中，高压盒通常采用集中式设计，结构设计较为紧凑。为保证车辆的正常运行，高压盒需要在振动、高低温、湿热、强功率输出等环境下的工作。然而，目前高压盒的散热效果较差，从而导致高压盒存在过热等问题，进而对电池及电动装置的安全性能产生影响。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种高压盒、电池及用电装置，以提高高压盒散热效果，从而提高电池的安全性能。具体技术方案如下：
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种高压盒，高压盒包括壳体和继电器，壳体包括上壳体和下壳体，上壳体和下壳体连接并形成容纳空间；继电器置于容纳空间内，继电器包括导电片，导电片与下壳体接触。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，高压盒可以置于电池箱体内，且高压盒的下壳体与电池箱体固定连接。继电器设置于高压盒内，且继电器的导电片与高压盒的下壳体内侧直接接触。在高压盒工作过程中，继电器因工作所产生的热量传递至继电器的导电片，由于导电片与下壳体内侧直接接触，导电片中的热量可直接传递至下壳体中，经由下壳体快速传递至高压盒外，降低了热量在高压盒内部传递及存储的概率。继电器所产生的热量经由导电片及下壳体快速散出，可以提高高压盒的散热效率，从而降低高压盒出现过热等现象的概率，提高电池的安全性能。
一些实施例中，高压盒还包括水冷板，水冷板与下壳体的远离继电器的一侧接触，水冷板包括至少一条水冷通道，水冷板还包括与至少一条水冷通道连通的进水口及出水口。由此，水冷板可吸收由继电器等元器件传递至下壳体上的热量，可以进一步提升高压盒的散热效果，从而进一步提升电池的安全性能。
一些实施例中，下壳体包括一体注塑的金属部与塑胶部。由此，下壳体内的金属部可以更快的吸收继电器等元器件产生的热量并传递出去，进一步提高高压盒散热效果。
一些实施例中，金属部的远离继电器的一侧裸露于下壳体的表面且与水冷板接触。由此，高压盒内产生的热量可经由金属部快速导出并由与金属部接触的水冷板吸收，提高热传递的速度，进一步提升高压盒的散热效果。
一些实施例中，高压盒还包括至少一个导热金属块，至少一个导热金属块置于容纳空间内，至少一个导热金属块与导电片连接且与下壳体接触。在高压盒内设置至少一个导热金属块与导电片连接，可以储存部分由继电器散发出的热能，且至少一个导热金属块还与下壳体接触，可以将至少一个导热金属块储存的热能和继电器传递的热能更好的传递给下壳体，提高散热效率。
一些实施例中，高压盒还包括导热垫和导热绝缘膜，导热垫设置于下壳体和水冷板之间，导热绝缘膜设置于导热垫和水冷板之间。由此，导热垫可快速吸收高压盒内的热量并快速将热量传递至水冷板，进一步提高高压盒的散热效率；导热绝缘膜可以降低高压盒内的电流传递至水冷板的概率，提高高压盒的安全性。
一些实施例中，金属部靠近继电器的一侧包括至少一个电连接区，且至少一个电连接区裸 露于下壳体的表面。电连接区裸露，便于与高压盒内的元器件连接，可以提高高压盒下壳体和元器件之间的装配效率。
一些实施例中，电连接区为凸起结构。凸起结构便于下壳体上的电连接区与高压盒内的元器件连接，进一步提高高压盒下壳体和元器件之间的装配效率。
一些实施例中，电连接区的至少一侧的边缘处设置有倒角结构，倒角结构上具有绝缘层。倒角结构可以降低电连接面表面附带有残胶的概率，从而减小因为电连接表面具有残胶而影响下壳体和元器件连接的概率。此外，倒角结构能够减小对下壳体制造模具和下壳体制造精度的要求，简化下壳体的生产工艺流程；倒角结构上具有绝缘层，可以降低下壳体的制造模具在压合过程中对电连接表面的影响，也减小压合过程中模具损伤的概率。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种电池，电池包括上述中任一所述的高压盒。
本申请第三方面的实施例提供了一种用电装置，用电装置包括上述中的电池，电池用于向用电装置提供电能。
当然，实施本申请的任一产品或方法并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池的内部结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的电池箱体局部俯视图；
图5为本申请一些实施例的高压盒的一种剖视图；
图6为本申请一些实施例的电池箱体局部俯视图；
图7为本申请一些实施例的高压盒下壳体结构示意图；
图8为图7中区域A的放大图。
附图标记：1-车辆、2-电池、3-控制器、4-马达、5-电池箱体、6-电池单体、7-高压盒、51-第一部分、52-第二部分、72-继电器、73-水冷板、74-导热金属块、75-导热垫、76-导热绝缘膜、711-上壳体、712-下壳体、713-电连接区、714-锁付点、715-倒角结构、721-导电片、7121-金属部、7122-塑胶部。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
高压盒内包括熔断器、继电器、电流传感器、预充电电阻等元器件，各个元器件设置在高压盒内的容纳空间内。为保证电动车辆等电动装置的正常运行，高压盒需要在振动、高低温、湿热、强功率输出等环境下的工作。此外，若要最大限度的减小整车空间与减少连接线束，降低高压盒或电池出现热失效等现象的概率，不但对高压盒内元器件的布置方案有要求，并且需要为高压盒配备良好的散热系统。
相关技术中，可以通过增加高压盒内铜巴的横截面积来提高高压盒的散热性能。但增加铜巴的横截面积对高压盒内部的空间需求量较大。为解决上述问题，还可以在高压盒的壳体上开设散热孔，以在不影响高压盒内的空间的同时提升高压盒的散热性能。而散热孔对高压盒的散热性能的提升效果较小，还会对具有高压盒的电池的安全性能产生影响。
基于以上考虑，为了提高高压盒的散热效果，提高电池的安全性能，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种高压盒。即本申请中的高压盒，通过将高压盒内的继电器倒置，使继电器上的导电片与高压盒的下壳体接触，从而使继电器在工作过程中产生的热量可以经过导电片直接传递到高压盒下壳体，从而提高高压盒的散热能力，提高电池的安全性能。
本申请实施例提供一种使用包括上述高压盒的电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等，电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨。
本申请实施例描述的电池不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的用电装置，还可以适用于所有使用电池的装置，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动汽车为例进行说明。
例如，请参照图1，图1为本申请实施例的一种车辆1的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置电池2、控制器3以及马达4，控制器3用来控制电池2为马达4的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池2。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池2不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为 车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池2是指包括一个或多个电池单体6以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。请参照图2，电池2可以包括多个电池单体6。电池单体6的数量及电池单体6间的连接情况可以根据需求设置，以满足不同的电力需求。具体的，多个电池单体6之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合，以使电池2拥有较大的容量或功率。可选地，多个电池单体6可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池2。也就是说，多个电池单体6可以直接组成电池2，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池2。
电池2还包括电池箱体5(或称罩体)，电池箱体5内部具有容纳空间，多个电池单体6容纳于容纳空间内。如图2所示，电池箱体5可以包括两部分，这里分别称为第一部分51和第二部分52，请参照图2和图3，图3中即为一种电池箱体5的第一部分51。第一部分51和第二部分52可通过扣合、粘接等方式连接，以形成容纳空间。多个电池单体6相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一部分51和第二部分52连接后形成的箱体5内。其中，第一部分51和第二部分52的形状可以根据多个电池单体6组合而成的形状确定。
其中，电池箱体5用于对至少一个电池单体6进行保护，从而降低电池2外部的液体或其他异物对至少一个电池单体6的充电或放电的影响。其中，电池单体6可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。电池单体6的封装方式包括但不限于柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体等，本申请实施例对此也不作具体限定。
此外，电池2还可以包括其他结构，在此不再一一赘述。例如，该电池2还可以包括汇流部件。汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体6之间的电连接，例如实现多个电池单体6间的并联或串联或混联。具体地，汇流部件可通过连接电池单体6的电极端子实现电池单体6之间的电连接。进一步地，汇流部件可通过焊接的方式与电池单体6的电极端子固定连接。可选的，汇流部件可以包括导电机构，多个电池单体6所产生的电能可以进一步通过导电机构穿过电池箱体5而引出。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图3至图5，本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种高压盒7。高压盒7包括壳体和继电器72，壳体包括上壳体711和下壳体712，上壳体711和下壳体712连接并形成容纳空间。继电器72置于容纳空间内，继电器72包括导电片721，导电片721与下壳体712接触。
本申请实施例中，上壳体711和下壳体712用于形成容纳空间，以容纳高压盒7中的各个元器件。上壳体711及下壳体712用于对继电器72等元器件进行保护，降低外部物体对高压盒7内继电器72等元器件的影响，以及高压盒7内的高压元器件对电池2内部其他结构的影响。此外，如图3及图4所示，下壳体712还用于与电池箱体5固定连接，以将高压盒7固定于电池箱体5内。上壳体711及下壳体712材料可以为塑料、金属等，本申请对此不作限定。
继电器72置于高压盒7壳体中，继电器72的导电片721为用于将继电器72内部的电路引出并与外部连接的元件。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，如图4及图5所示，高压盒7可以置于电池箱体5内，且高压盒7的下壳体712与电池箱体5固定连接。继电器72设置于高压盒7内，且继电器72的导电片721与高压盒7的下壳体712内侧直接接触。在高压盒7工作过程中，继电器72因工作所产生的热量传递至继电器72的导电片721，由于导电片721与下壳体712内侧直接接触，导电片721中的热量可直接传递至下壳体712中，经由下壳体712快速传递至高压盒7外，降低了热量在高压盒7内部传递及存储的概率。继电器72所产生的热量经由导电片721及下壳体712快速散出，可以提高高压盒7的散热效率，从而降低高压盒7出现过热等现象的概率，提高电池2的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图5，高压盒7还包括水冷板73，水冷板73与下壳体712的远离继电器72的一侧接触，水冷板73包括至少一条水冷通道，水冷板73还包括与至少一条水冷通道连通的进水口及出水口。
本申请实施例中，如图5所示，水冷板73可以与高压盒7的下壳体712接触连接。水冷板73为可以吸收下壳体712内的热量以对下壳体712及高压盒7进行降温的组件。水冷板73内包 括至少一条水冷通道，冷却水通过水冷板73上的进水口流入至少一条水冷通道内，将高压盒7传递至水冷板73的热量吸收，然后吸收热量后的冷却水经由出水口流出，实现高压盒7的降温。进一步的，电池2还可以包括用于为电池模组或电池单体6降温的电池水冷板，本申请实施例中的水冷板73还可以与电池水冷板为一体结构，以降低高压盒7及其包含的水冷板73占用的空间，并降低电池2内的结构复杂度。
本申请实施例中，高压盒7内继电器72等元器件所产生的的热量传递至下壳体712后，经由下壳体712传递至与其接触连接的水冷板73，然后由水冷板73内流通的冷却水吸收，也就是，水冷板73可吸收由继电器72等元器件传递至下壳体712上的热量，实现对高压盒7的降温，从而进一步提升高压盒7的散热效果，进一步提升电池2的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图7，下壳体712包括一体注塑的金属部7121与塑胶部7122。
本申请实施例中，金属部7121与塑胶部7122均为下壳体712的主要组成部分。金属部7121的材料可以为铜、铝等具有较大的导热系数且导热性能较好的金属或合金。塑胶部7122可以为橡胶、塑料等绝缘材料。
本申请实施例中，下壳体712中具有金属部7121，由于金属部7121具有较大的导热系数及较好导热性能，高压盒7内产生的热量可经由金属部7121快速导出并由与金属部7121接触的水冷板73吸收，提高热传递的速度，进一步提升高压盒7的散热效果。一体注塑结构不但可以节省高压盒7空间布置，还可以提高高压盒7的装配效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图7，金属部7121的远离继电器72的一侧裸露于下壳体712的表面且与水冷板73接触。
本申请实施例中，金属部7121的表面裸露且直接与水冷板73接触，也就是金属部7121与水冷板73间不具有塑胶部7122，由此，高压盒7内产生的热量可经由金属部7121快速导出并由与金属部7121接触的水冷板73吸收，可以使高压盒下壳体712上传导的热量更好的传递给水冷板73，提高热传递的速度，进一步提升高压盒7的散热效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图5，高压盒7还包括至少一个导热金属块74，至少一个导热金属块74置于容纳空间内，至少一个导热金属块74与导电片721连接且与下壳体712接触。
本申请实施例中，至少一个导热金属块74包括但不限于铝块、铜块等导热系数较大且导热性较强的金属块。至少一个导热金属块74用于传导及存储热能。至少一个导热金属块74的形状包括但不限于矩形体等。至少一个导热金属块74可以与继电器72的导电片721锁付连接。
本申请实施例中，在高压盒7内设置至少一个导热金属块74，且至少一个导热金属块74与导电片721连接，至少一个导热金属块74可以储存部分由继电器72散发出的热能，进一步增加继电器72的散热速度。此外，由于至少一个导热金属块74与继电器72的导电片721及下壳体712均接触，继电器72产生的热量可经由至少一个导热金属块74传递至下壳体712内，使至少一个导热金属块74与高压盒下壳体712的接触面积更大，增加了继电器72的散热面积，为继电器72的热量传递到高压盒下壳体712提供了新的路径，可以将至少一个导热金属块74储存的热能和继电器72所传递的热能更好的传递给下壳体712，提高高压盒7散热效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图5和图6，高压盒7还包括导热垫75和导热绝缘膜76，导热垫75设置于下壳体712和水冷板73之间，导热绝缘膜76设置于导热垫75和水冷板73之间。
本申请实施例中，导热垫75是高性能间隙填充导热材料，可以用于形成下壳体712与水冷板73间的热传递界面，并填充高压盒下壳体712与水冷板73之间的间隙，完成高压盒下壳体712与水冷板73间的热传递。导热绝缘膜76为覆盖于水冷板73表面以使热量更快传递至水冷板73的绝缘部件。导热垫75和导热绝缘膜76可以为同一种既具有良好的导热性又具有优秀的绝缘性的材料，例如硅胶材料，硅胶材料既有良好的导热性又具有优秀的绝缘性，可以满足大多数的导 热绝缘需求。可以根据需求选择导热垫75和导热绝缘膜76的材质，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中，导热垫75可以填充下壳体712与水冷板73之间的间隙，使下壳体712和水冷板73之间的空气排出，以使水冷板73与下壳体712之间的接触更加充分，从而增加高压盒7的散热效果。导热垫75设置于下壳体712和水冷板73之间，由此，导热垫75可快速吸收高压盒7内的热量并快速将热量传递至水冷板73，进一步提高高压盒7的散热效率。导热绝缘膜76可以在保证散热效率的情况下，降低高压盒7内的电流传递至水冷板73的概率，提高高压盒7的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图7和图8，金属部7121靠近继电器72的一侧包括至少一个电连接区713，且至少一个电连接区713裸露于下壳体712的表面。
本申请实施例中，电连接区713为下壳体712的电连接平面，电连接区713上可以包括多个锁付点714，锁付点714用于固定高压盒7自身和其他元器件，锁付点714也裸露于下壳体712的表面。
本申请实施例中，电连接区713裸露于下壳体712的表面，即电连接区713上没有塑胶件的遮挡，便于下壳体712与高压盒7内的元器件连接，可以提高高压盒下壳体712和元器件之间的装配效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图7和图8，电连接区713为凸起结构。
本申请实施例中，如图6和图8所示，电连接区713可以为对金属部7121进行冲压等工艺以向高压盒7内部凸起的电连接平面。其中，电连接区713设置为凸起结构，不但可以减小电连接区713表面的平面度要求，而且可以在电连接区713与高压盒7内元器件接触后，减小电连接区713和元器件接触面之间的间隙，减小高压盒7内没用的搭接面积。凸起结构便于电连接区713与高压盒7内的元器件连接，进一步提高高压盒下壳体712和元器件之间的装配效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图8，电连接区713的至少一侧的边缘处设置有倒角结构715，倒角结构715上具有绝缘层。
本申请实施例中，由电连接区713的边缘处具有倒角结构715，在下壳体712的金属部7121与塑胶部7122一体注塑的压合过程中，倒角结构715可以降低电连接区713表面附带有残胶的概率，从而减小因为电连接区713表面具有残胶而影响下壳体712和元器件连接的概率。其中，倒角结构715的尺寸可根据实际需求及工艺精度设定，本申请对此不作限定。例如，倒角结构715的尺寸可以为C0.6。本申请的发明人经过实际验证，C0.6的倒角结构715可以满足生产工艺要求，也可以达到本申请实施例要求的的使用效果。
此外，倒角结构715能够减小对下壳体712制造模具和下壳体712制造精度的要求，简化下壳体712的生产工艺流程。倒角结构715上具有绝缘层，绝缘层可以为包胶，可以降低下壳体712的制造模具在压合过程中对电连接区713表面的影响，也减小压合过程中模具损伤的概率。进一步的，如图8所示，倒角结构715可绕电连接区713的边缘一周设置。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种电池2，电池2包括上述中任一所述的高压盒7。
本申请实施例的技术方案中提出的一种电池2的高压盒7中，高压盒7可以置于电池箱体5内，且高压盒7的下壳体712与电池箱体5固定连接。继电器72设置于高压盒7内，且继电器72的导电片721与高压盒7的下壳体712内侧直接接触。在高压盒7工作过程中，继电器72因工作所产生的热量传递至继电器72的导电片721，由于导电片721与下壳体712内侧直接接触，导电片721中的热量可直接传递至下壳体712中，经由下壳体712快速传递至高压盒7外，降低了热量在高压盒7内部传递及存储的概率。继电器72所产生的热量经由导电片721及下壳体712快速散出，可以提高高压盒7的散热效率，从而降低高压盒7出现过热等现象的概率，提高电池2的安全性能。
本申请第三方面的实施例提供了一种用电装置，用电装置包括上述中的电池2，电池2用于向用电装置提供电能。
本申请实施例的技术方案中提出的一种用电装置中，由于用电装置包括上述电池2，故用电装置具有上述电池2的所有优点。用电装置可以是上述任一应用该电池2的设备或系统。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种高压盒，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体包括上壳体和下壳体，所述上壳体和所述下壳体连接并形成容纳空间；
    继电器，所述继电器置于所述容纳空间内，所述继电器包括导电片，所述导电片与所述下壳体接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述高压盒还包括水冷板，所述水冷板与所述下壳体的远离所述继电器的一侧接触，所述水冷板包括至少一条水冷通道，所述水冷板还包括与所述至少一条水冷通道连通的进水口及出水口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述下壳体包括一体注塑的金属部与塑胶部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述金属部的远离所述继电器的一侧裸露于所述下壳体的表面且与所述水冷板接触。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述高压盒还包括至少一个导热金属块，所述至少一个导热金属块置于所述容纳空间内，所述至少一个导热金属块与所述导电片连接且与所述下壳体接触。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述高压盒还包括导热垫和导热绝缘膜，所述导热垫设置于所述下壳体和所述水冷板之间，所述导热绝缘膜设置于所述导热垫和所述水冷板之间。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述金属部靠近所述继电器的一侧包括至少一个电连接区，且所述至少一个电连接区裸露于所述下壳体的表面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述电连接区为凸起结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的高压盒，其特征在于，所述电连接区的至少一侧的边缘处设置有倒角结构，所述倒角结构上具有绝缘层。
  10. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括权利要求1至9中任一项所述的高压盒。
  11. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，所述用电装置包括权利要求10所述的电池，所述电池用于向所述用电装置提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/093966 2021-11-22 2022-05-19 一种高压盒、电池及用电装置 WO2023087643A1 (zh)

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