WO2023078065A1 - 一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备 - Google Patents

一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023078065A1
WO2023078065A1 PCT/CN2022/125509 CN2022125509W WO2023078065A1 WO 2023078065 A1 WO2023078065 A1 WO 2023078065A1 CN 2022125509 W CN2022125509 W CN 2022125509W WO 2023078065 A1 WO2023078065 A1 WO 2023078065A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
management component
heat
main body
units
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/125509
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王康玉
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023078065A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023078065A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular, to a battery bottom guard plate, battery components and electrical equipment.
  • Batteries are widely used in the field of new energy, such as electric vehicles, new energy vehicles, etc.
  • New energy vehicles and electric vehicles have become a new trend in the development of the automotive industry.
  • Temperature is an important factor affecting battery performance. Too high or too low temperature will reduce the performance of the battery, but the current thermal management effect on the battery is not good.
  • the purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a battery bottom shield, a battery assembly and an electrical device, which aims to improve the problem of poor thermal management of the battery in the related art.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery bottom shield
  • the battery bottom shield includes a shield main body and a heat management component
  • the shield main body is used to be installed on the bottom of the battery.
  • the thermal management component is arranged on the side of the shield body facing the battery, and the thermal management component is used to adjust the temperature of the battery.
  • the bottom guard plate of the battery has a main body of the guard plate, which can protect the bottom of the battery and reduce the risk of collision damage between the bottom of the battery and other structures.
  • the battery bottom guard has thermal management components, which can regulate the temperature of the battery through heat conduction, with high consistency of temperature regulation, and will not cause safety risks to the battery due to local dry burning or other reasons.
  • the heat management component is arranged on the main body of the guard plate, it is convenient for maintenance. When the heat management component fails, it can be directly removed and replaced without dismantling the battery itself.
  • the bottom shield of the battery further includes a resisting piece, which is arranged between the heat management component and the main body of the shielding plate, and the resisting piece is configured to be installed on the main body of the shielding plate.
  • the battery is held so that the thermal management component is placed against the battery.
  • the supporting member by setting the supporting member, when the main body of the protective plate is installed on the battery, the supporting member can press the thermal management component against the battery, so that the thermal management component is fully in contact with the battery, and the relationship between the thermal management component and the battery is improved. Heat exchange effect.
  • the resisting member is an elastic pad arranged between the heat management component and the shield main body.
  • the elastic pad is selected as the supporting member.
  • the elastic pad has elasticity.
  • the elastic force of the elastic pad can further act on the heat management component to push the heat management component against the battery.
  • the heat management component is fully in contact with the battery to improve the heat exchange effect between the heat management component and the battery.
  • the elastic pad has a flexible structure, so that the thermal management component is not easily damaged when acting on the elastic pad, and the service life of the thermal management component is prolonged.
  • the projection of the shield body completely covers the heat management component.
  • the projection of the thermal management component on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the main body of the fender is located within the projection of the main body of the fender on a plane perpendicular to the direction of thickness of the main body of the fender, and the main body of the fender can
  • the management component has a better protection effect and reduces the risk of collision between the thermal management component and other structures.
  • the thermal management component includes an electric heating element, which is used for electrical connection with the battery, and the electric heating element is configured to heat the battery when the battery provides electric energy for the electric heating element.
  • the electric heating element when the battery supplies electric energy to the electric heating element, the electric heating element generates heat to heat the battery, so that the temperature of the battery increases. And when the battery no longer provides electric energy for the heating element, the heating element no longer generates heat, the battery cools down naturally, and the temperature of the battery decreases.
  • the electric heating element includes a plurality of electric heating units arranged at intervals in a predetermined direction, and the electric heating unit is configured to heat the battery when the battery provides electric energy for the electric heating unit.
  • the resisting piece includes a plurality of resisting units, and the resisting units correspond to the electric heating units one by one.
  • the resisting unit is disposed between the electric heating unit and the guard plate main body, and the resisting unit is configured to make the electric heating unit lean against the battery when the guard plate main body is installed on the battery.
  • the plurality of resisting units correspond to the plurality of electric heating units one by one.
  • the unit is in full contact with the battery to enhance the heat exchange effect.
  • the heat management component includes a heat conduction element, and the heat conduction element is used for accommodating a heat exchange medium to adjust the temperature of the battery.
  • the heat exchange medium is passed into the heat conduction member, and there is a temperature difference between the heat exchange medium and the battery, so heat will be transferred from the heat exchange medium and the battery with a higher temperature to the lower temperature one. , and then make the battery heat up or cool down, so as to realize the temperature regulation of the battery.
  • the heat conduction member includes a plurality of heat conduction units arranged at intervals in a preset direction, and the heat conduction units are used to accommodate the heat exchange medium to adjust the temperature of the battery.
  • the resisting member includes a plurality of resisting units, the resisting units correspond to the heat conduction units one by one, the resisting units are arranged between the heat conducting unit and the guard plate main body, and the resisting units are configured to conduct heat conduction when the guard plate main body is installed on the battery The unit rests against the battery.
  • the plurality of resisting units correspond to the plurality of heat conduction units one by one.
  • the resisting units will press the heat conduction unit against the battery, so that the heat conduction The unit is in full contact with the battery to enhance the heat exchange effect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery assembly, which includes a battery and any one of the battery bottom guard plates described above.
  • the battery is connected to the main body of the shield, and the heat management component is located between the battery and the main body of the shield.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, which includes the above-mentioned battery assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of electrical equipment provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery bottom guard plate provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the battery bottom guard plate provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery bottom guard plate provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a battery bottom shield provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-end cover; 21a-electrode terminal; 21b-pressure relief mechanism; 22-housing; 23-electrode assembly; 100-battery assembly; 110-battery; 120-battery bottom guard plate; 121-main body of guard plate; 1211-surrounding body; 1212-bottom plate; Plug; 1224-wire; 1225-heat conduction unit; 1225a-communication plate; 1225b-first connecting pipe; 1226-quick connector; 1227-second connecting pipe; 1231-resistance unit; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields . With the continuous expansion of power battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the thermal management system is a system that regulates the temperature of the battery.
  • Current thermal management systems are built into the battery to heat or cool the battery. When this thermal management system heats the battery (mainly the electrode assembly in the battery), the built-in heating film has the problem of poor adhesion to the electrode assembly, causing the heating film to dry out, thereby creating a safety risk. It can be seen that the current thermal management system is not effective in thermal management of the battery.
  • a thermal management component can be arranged on the bottom guard plate of the battery to adjust the temperature of the battery.
  • the thermal management component is arranged on the bottom guard plate of the battery, that is, it is arranged outside the battery, and the electrode assembly of the battery is separated from the thermal management component by the battery box, so that even if the thermal management component is separated from the battery box Poor contact will not affect the electrode assembly.
  • the inventor has designed a battery bottom shield after in-depth research.
  • the battery bottom shield includes a shield main body and a heat management component, and the shield main body is used to be installed on the bottom of the battery.
  • the thermal management component is arranged on the side of the shield body facing the battery, and the thermal management component is used to adjust the temperature of the battery.
  • the battery bottom guard plate has a guard plate main body, which can protect the bottom of the battery and reduce the risk of collision damage between the bottom of the battery and other structures.
  • the battery bottom guard has thermal management components, which can regulate the temperature of the battery through heat conduction, with high consistency of temperature regulation, and will not cause safety risks to the battery due to local dry burning or other reasons.
  • the heat management component is arranged on the main body of the guard plate, it is convenient for maintenance. When the heat management component fails, it can be directly removed and replaced without dismantling the battery itself.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 1000 as an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery assembly 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the battery assembly 100 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the vehicle 1000 includes a battery assembly 100, the battery assembly 100 includes a battery 110 and a battery bottom shield 120, the battery bottom shield 120 includes a shield body 121 and a heat management component 122, the battery 110 is connected to the shield body 121, and the heat management component 122 is located at Between the battery 110 and the shield main body 121 .
  • the battery assembly 100 may be disposed at the bottom or the head or the rear of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 110 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 110 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 110 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating, and working power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during driving.
  • the battery 110 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a battery 110 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 110 includes a case 10 and a battery cell 20 accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box body 10 is used to provide accommodating space for the battery cells 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 11 can be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the opening side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define an accommodation space ;
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can also be hollow structures with one side opening, and the opening side of the first part 11 is covered by the opening side of the second part 12 .
  • the box body 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid and the like.
  • the battery 110 there may be multiple battery cells 20 , and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole of the plurality of battery cells 20 is housed in the box 10; of course, the battery 110 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20
  • the battery modules are firstly connected in series or parallel or in combination, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a whole, which is accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the battery 110 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 110 may also include a current flow component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery 110 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cover 21 , a casing 22 , an electrode assembly 23 and other functional components.
  • the end cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22 .
  • the end cap 21 can be made of a material (such as aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap 21 is not easy to deform when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 21 a may be provided on the end cap 21 .
  • the electrode terminal 21 a can be used to be electrically connected with the electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cover 21 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism 21b for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold, such as a pressure relief valve.
  • the material of the end cap 21 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulator can be provided inside the end cover 21 , and the insulator can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cover 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber or the like.
  • the casing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the housing 22 and the end cover 21 can be independent components, and an opening can be provided on the housing 22 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 20 can be formed by making the end cover 21 cover the opening at the opening.
  • the end cover 21 and the housing 22 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the inside of the housing 22 needs to be encapsulated , then make the end cover 21 cover the housing 22.
  • the housing 22 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on. Specifically, the shape of the casing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the housing 22 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a part where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 20 .
  • One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained within the case 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23 , and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute tabs.
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery bottom guard plate 120 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the battery bottom guard plate 120 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery bottom shield 120 includes a shield body 121 and a heat management component 122 , and the shield body 121 is used to be installed on the bottom of the battery 110 .
  • the thermal management component 122 is disposed on a side of the shield body 121 facing the battery 110 , and the thermal management component 122 is used for adjusting the temperature of the battery 110 .
  • the shield body 121 is installed on the bottom of the battery 110 to protect the bottom of the battery 110 and prevent other structures from scratching, bumping and bumping the bottom of the battery 110 directly.
  • the shield body 121 includes a surrounding body 1211 and a bottom plate 1212, the surrounding body 1211 is surrounded by the edge of the bottom plate 1212, the surrounding body 1211 extends along the thickness direction of the bottom plate 1212, the surrounding body 1211 and the bottom plate 1212 form a protective space, and the heat
  • the management component 122 can be located in the protection space, so that the shield body 121 can protect the thermal management component 122 .
  • the surrounding body 1211 is composed of a plurality of sidewalls whose extension direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the bottom plate 1212 connected end to end.
  • the bottom plate 1212 is provided with mounting holes for passing bolts to connect the bottom plate 1212 to the case body 10 of the battery 110 .
  • the battery bottom guard 120 has a guard body 121 , which can protect the bottom of the battery 110 and reduce the risk of collision damage between the bottom of the battery 110 and other structures.
  • the battery bottom shield 120 has a thermal management component 122, which can regulate the temperature of the battery 110 through heat conduction, with high consistency of temperature regulation, and will not cause safety risks to the battery 110 due to local dry burning or other reasons.
  • the thermal management component 122 is arranged on the guard plate main body 121 , it is convenient for maintenance. When the thermal management component 122 fails, it can be directly removed and replaced without dismantling the battery 110 itself.
  • the projection of the shield body 121 completely covers the heat management component 122 .
  • the projection of the bottom plate 1212 completely covers the heat management component 122 .
  • the size of the bottom plate 1212 is larger than that of the thermal management component 122 , so that the bottom plate 1212 completely covers the thermal management component 122 in the thickness direction of the bottom plate 1212 .
  • the projection of the thermal management component 122 in the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the guard plate main body 121 is located within the projection of the guard plate main body 121 in the plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the guard plate main body 121, and the guard plate main body 121 can manage heat
  • the component 122 has a better protection effect, reducing the risk of the thermal management component 122 colliding with other structures.
  • the battery bottom shield 120 further includes a resisting piece 123, which is arranged between the thermal management component 122 and the shield main body 121, and the resisting member 123 is configured to be on the shield main body When 121 is installed on the battery 110 , the thermal management component 122 is against the battery 110 .
  • the bottom plate 1212 is pressed against the supporting member 123 to apply a pressing force to the supporting member 123, and the pressing force is transmitted to the heat management component through the supporting member 123 122 , so that the abutting member 123 abuts the heat management component 122 against the battery 110 .
  • the abutting piece 123 By providing the abutting piece 123, when the guard plate main body 121 is installed on the battery 110, the abutting piece 123 can press the thermal management component 122 against the battery 110, so that the thermal management component 122 is fully in contact with the battery 110, and the thermal management component 122 can be lifted. Heat exchange effect with the battery 110 .
  • the resisting member 123 is an elastic pad disposed between the thermal management component 122 and the shield body 121 .
  • the elastic pad is selected as the supporting member 123.
  • the elastic pad has elasticity.
  • the elastic force of the elastic pad can further act on the thermal management component 122, so that the thermal management component 122 is pressed against the On the battery 110 , the thermal management component 122 is fully in contact with the battery 110 to improve the heat exchange effect between the thermal management component 122 and the battery 110 .
  • the elastic pad has a flexible structure, so that the heat management component 122 is not easily damaged when acting on the elastic pad, and the service life of the heat management component 122 is prolonged.
  • the thermal management component 122 includes an electric heating element, the electric heating element is used for electrical connection with the battery 110, and the electric heating element is configured to heat when the battery 110 provides electric energy for the electric heating element. battery 110.
  • a heating element is a component that converts electrical energy into heat energy. When the heating element is not energized, the heating element does not generate heat. And when the heating element is energized, the heating element can quickly generate heat.
  • the electric heating element By setting the electric heating element, when the battery 110 supplies electric energy to the electric heating element, the electric heating element generates heat to heat the battery 110, so that the temperature of the battery 110 rises. And when the battery 110 no longer provides electric energy for the electric heating element, the electric heating element no longer generates heat, the battery 110 cools down naturally, and the temperature of the battery 110 decreases.
  • the electric heating element includes a plurality of electric heating units 1221 arranged at intervals in a preset direction, and the electric heating units 1221 are configured to heat the battery when the battery 110 provides electric energy for the electric heating unit 1221 110.
  • the resisting member 123 includes a plurality of resisting units 1231 , and the resisting units 1231 correspond to the electric heating units 1221 one by one.
  • the resisting unit 1231 is disposed between the electric heating unit 1221 and the shield main body 121 , and the resisting unit 1231 is configured to make the electric heating unit 1221 lean against the battery 110 when the shield main body 121 is installed on the battery 110 .
  • the electric heating unit 1221 is also a component that converts electrical energy into thermal energy.
  • the electric heating unit 1221 includes an electric heating plate, and electric heating wires are integrated in the electric heating plate, and the electric heating wires can be arranged in a serpentine shape in the electric heating plate, so that the generated heat is evenly distributed on the outside of the electric heating plate.
  • the electric heating element includes a plurality of electric heating plates, and a plurality of electric heating units 1221 are arranged at intervals in a preset direction and are connected in series by wires 1224 .
  • the electric heating unit 1221 is provided with a plurality of cooling holes 1222 at intervals, and the plurality of cooling holes 1222 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the electric heating unit 1221 . Because when the battery 110 does not provide electric energy for the electric heating element, the electric heating element does not generate heat, and the battery 110 needs to be cooled naturally. Therefore, a plurality of cooling holes 1222 are provided on the electric heating unit 1221 to speed up the cooling of the battery 110 .
  • the electric heating element further includes an electric plug 1223 , and the electric plug 1223 is connected to a plurality of electric heating units 1221 through wires 1224 .
  • the electrical plug 1223 is used to plug into the battery 110 to quickly electrically connect the heating element and the battery 110 .
  • the resisting member 123 includes a plurality of resisting units 1231 arranged at intervals along a predetermined direction.
  • the resisting unit 1231 corresponds to the electric heating unit 1221 one by one, and is located between the electric heating unit 1221 and the shield body 121 .
  • the abutting unit 1231 is used for making the electric heating unit 1221 abut against the battery 110 when the shield body 121 is installed on the battery 110 .
  • the plurality of resisting units 1231 correspond to the plurality of electric heating units 1221 one by one. It leans against the battery 110 so that the electric heating unit 1221 is fully in contact with the battery 110 to enhance the heat exchange effect.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery bottom shield 120 provided in other embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a battery bottom shield 120 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • the heat management component 122 includes a heat conduction element, and the heat conduction element is used for accommodating a heat exchange medium to regulate the temperature of the battery 110 .
  • the heat exchange medium By passing the heat exchange medium into the heat guide, there is a temperature difference between the heat exchange medium and the battery 110, so heat will be transferred from the heat exchange medium and the battery 110 with a higher temperature to the lower temperature one, thereby making the battery 110 is heated or cooled to achieve temperature regulation of the battery 110 .
  • a high-temperature medium is passed through, and the temperature of the high-temperature medium is higher than the current temperature of the battery 110 . In this way, the high-temperature medium exchanges heat with the battery 110 to heat the battery 110 .
  • the low-temperature medium When the battery 110 needs to be cooled, the low-temperature medium is passed through, and the temperature of the low-temperature medium is lower than the current temperature of the battery 110 , so that the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the battery 110 to cool the battery 110 .
  • the heat conduction element includes a plurality of heat conduction units 1225 arranged at intervals in a predetermined direction, and the heat conduction units 1225 are used to accommodate a heat exchange medium to adjust the temperature of the battery 110 .
  • the resisting member 123 includes a plurality of resisting units 1231, the resisting units 1231 correspond to the heat conduction units 1225 one by one, the resisting units 1231 are arranged between the heat conducting unit 1225 and the shield main body 121, and the resisting units 1231 are configured as When the board main body 121 is installed on the battery 110 , the heat conduction unit 1225 leans against the battery 110 .
  • the heat conduction unit 1225 includes a connecting plate 1225a and two first connecting pipes 1225b, the two first connecting pipes 1225b are arranged oppositely, and the connecting plate 1225a communicates with the two first connecting pipes 1225b.
  • the communicating plate 1225a has a first medium containing cavity
  • the first connecting tube 1225b has a second medium containing cavity
  • the first medium containing cavity communicates with the respective second medium containing cavity of the two first connecting tubes 1225b.
  • Both the first medium accommodating chamber and the second medium accommodating chamber are used for accommodating heat exchange medium.
  • Heat exchange for the battery 110 is realized by introducing a heat exchange medium into the first medium accommodation chamber and/or the second medium accommodation chamber.
  • the heat conduction unit 1225 includes a plurality of communication plates 1225a arranged along a preset direction, and each communication plate 1225a communicates with two first connection pipes 1225b. Please refer to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the heat conduction unit 1225 includes two communication plates 1225a, the two communication plates 1225a are arranged at intervals in a preset direction, and both communicate with the first connecting pipe 1225b.
  • the heat conduction element also includes multiple second connecting pipes 1227.
  • multiple heat conducting units 1225 communicate through the second connecting pipes 1227.
  • the multiple second connecting pipes 1227 and a plurality of heat conduction units 1225 form a serpentine shape.
  • the heat conduction part also includes two push-in connectors 1226, a medium inlet pipe 1228 and a medium outlet pipe 1229, one push-in connector 1226 communicates with a heat conduction unit 1225 through an inlet medium pipe 1228, and the other push-in connector 1226 communicates with a heat conduction unit 1225 through an outlet medium pipe 1229 Another heat conduction unit 1225 communicates with it.
  • the quick-plug connector 1226 is used for inserting into the medium supply system, so as to quickly connect the heat-conducting element with the medium supply system.
  • the resisting member 123 includes a plurality of resisting units 1231 arranged at intervals along a predetermined direction.
  • the resisting unit 1231 corresponds to the heat conduction unit 1225 one by one, and is located between the heat conduction unit 1225 and the shield main body 121 .
  • the abutting unit 1231 is used for making the heat conduction unit 1225 abut against the battery 110 when the protective plate main body 121 is installed on the battery 110 .
  • the plurality of resisting units 1231 correspond to the plurality of heat conduction units 1225 one by one. It leans against the battery 110 so that the heat conduction unit 1225 is fully in contact with the battery 110 to enhance the heat exchange effect.
  • the thermal management component 122 is made of a material with higher thermal conductivity. For example, copper, aluminum and silicon etc. In this way, the heat of the battery 110 will be transferred to the air through the heat management component 122 for further heat dissipation.
  • the battery bottom guard plate 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application can heat or cool the battery 110 as a whole, and then heat or cool the electrode assembly 23 through the conduction of the case 10. Partial dry burning or other reasons pose a safety risk to the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the battery bottom guard plate 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application is convenient for maintenance, and can be directly removed and replaced in case of failure without disassembling the battery 110 itself. And according to different usage areas and usage scenarios, different battery bottom guard plates 120 can be selected for different usage requirements to meet different requirements.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备，涉及电池领域。电池底护板包括护板主体和热管理部件，护板主体用于安装于电池的底部。热管理部件设于护板主体面向电池的一侧，热管理部件用于调节电池的温度。电池组件包括电池及上述的电池底护板，电池与护板主体连接，热管理部件位于电池与护板主体之间。用电设备包括上述的电池。该电池底护板具有热管理部件，热管理部件可对电池的温度进行调节，温度调节的一致性高，不会因为局部干烧或者其他原因对电池造成安全风险。并且，由于热管理部件设置于护板主体，便于维护，热管理部件发生故障时可直接拆除更换，不用对电池本身进行拆解。

Description

一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有2021年11月08日提交的名称为“一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备”的中国专利申请(申请号：202122720652.0)的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备。
背景技术
电池在新能源领域应用甚广，例如电动汽车、新能源汽车等，新能源汽车、电动汽车已经成为汽车产业的发展新趋势。温度是影响电池性能的重要因素，温度过高和过低均会降低电池的性能，但是目前对于电池的热管理效果不佳。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备，其旨在改善相关技术中电池热管理效果不佳的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池底护板，该电池底护板包括护板主体和热管理部件，护板主体用于安装于电池的底部。热管理部件设于护板主体面向电池的一侧，热管理部件用于调节电池的温度。
在上述技术方案中，该电池底护板具有护板主体，可以对电池的底部进行保护，降低电池底部与其他结构发生碰撞损坏的风险。该电池底护板具有热管理部件，热管理部件可通过热传导对电池的温度进行调节，温度调节的一致性高，不会因为局部干烧或者其他原因对电池造成安全风险。并且，由于热管理部件设置于护板主体，便于维护，热管理部件发生故障时可直接拆除更换，不用对电池本身进行拆解。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，电池底护板还包括抵持件，抵持件设置于热管理部件和护板主体之间，抵持件被配置为在护板主体安装于电池时使得热管理部件抵靠于电池。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置抵持件，在护板主体安装于电池时，抵持件能够将热管理部件抵靠于电池，使得热管理部件与电池充分接触，提升热管理部件与电池的换热效果。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，抵持件为设置于热管理部件和护板主体之间的弹性垫。
在上述技术方案中，选择弹性垫作为抵持件，一方面弹性垫具有弹性，在护板主体安装于电池时，弹性垫的弹性力可进一步作用于热管理部件，以将热管理部件抵靠在电池上，使得热管理部件与电池充分接触，提升热管理部件与电池的换热效果。另一方面，弹性垫为柔性结构，使得热管理部件作用于弹性垫时不易损坏，延长了热管理部件的使用寿命。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，在护板主体的厚度方向上，护板主体的投影完全覆盖热管理部件。
在上述技术方案中，热管理部件在垂直于护板主体的厚度方向的平面内的投影位于护板主体在垂直于护板主体的厚度方向的平面内的投影之内，护板主体可以对热管理部件起到较好的保护效果，降低热管理部件与其他结构发生碰撞的风险。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，热管理部件包括电热件，电热件用于与电池电连接，电热件被配置为在电池为电热件提供电能时加热电池。
在上述技术方案中，当电池为电热件提供电能时，电热件产生热量，加热电池，使得电池的温度升高。而当电池不再为电热件提供电能时，电热件不再产生热量，电池自然冷却，电池的温度降低。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，电热件包括多个电热单元，多个电热单元在预设方向上间隔排布，电热单元被配置为在电池为电热单元提供电能时加热电池。抵持件包括多个抵持单元，抵持单元与电热单元一一对应。抵持单元设置于电热单元和护板主体之间，抵持单元被配置为在护板主体安装于电池时使得电热单元抵靠于电池。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置多个电热单元，便于在多个位置对电池进行加热。与之相对应地，通过设置多个抵持单元，多个抵持单元与多个电热单元一一对应，在护板主体安装于电池时，抵持单元将电热单元抵靠于电池，使得电热单元与电池充分接触，增强换热效果。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，热管理部件包括导热件，导热件用于容纳换热介质以给电池调节温度。
在上述技术方案中，通过向导热件内通入换热介质，换热介质与电池存在温差，因此，热量会从换热介质和电池中温度较高的一者传递至温度较低的一者，进而使得电池升温或冷却，以实现对电池的温度调节。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，导热件包括多个导热单元，多个导热单元在预设方向上间隔排布，导热单元用于容纳换热介质以给电池调节温度。抵持件包括多个抵持单元，抵持单元与导热单元一一对应，抵持单元设置于导热单元和护板主体之间，抵持单元被配置为在护板主体安装于电池时使得导热单元抵靠于电池。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置多个导热单元，便于在多个位置对电池进行换热。与之相对应地，通过设置多个抵持单元，多个抵持单元与多个导热单元一一对应，在护板主体安装于电池时，抵持单元将导热单元抵靠于电池，使得导热单元与电池充分接触，增强换热效果。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池组件，该电池组件包括电池和上述任一项中的电池底护板。电池与护板主体连接，热管理部件位于电池与护板主体之间。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电设备，用电设备包括上述的电池组件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的用电设备的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池组件的爆炸图；
图3为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池组件的爆炸图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的电池底护板的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池底护板的爆炸图；
图8为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池底护板的结构示意图；
图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池底护板的爆炸图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-端盖；21a-电极端子；21b-泄压机构；22-壳体；23-电极组件；100-电池组件；110-电池；120-电池底护板；121-护板主 体；1211-围体；1212-底板；122-热管理部件；1221-电热单元；1222-散热孔；1223-电插头；1224-导线；1225-导热单元；1225a-连通板；1225b-第一连接管；1226-快插接头；1227-第二连接管；1228-进介质管；1229-出介质管；123-抵持件；1231-抵持单元；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
温度是影响电池性能的重要因素，温度过高或过低均会导致电池的性能较差。热管理系统是一种对电池的温度进行调节的系统。目前的热管理系统内置于电池的内部，以对电池进行加热或者冷却。这种热管理系统在对电池(主要是对电池内的电极组件)进行加热时，内置式加热膜存在和电极组件贴合不良的问题，造成加热膜干烧，进而产生安全风险。由此可见，目前的热管理系统对于电池的热管理效果不佳。
为了缓解目前内置式热管理系统对于电池的热管理效果不佳的问题，申请人研究发现，可以在电池的底护板上设置热管理部件，以调节电池的温度。将热管理部件设置于电池的底护 板上，也即设置在电池的外部，电池的电极组件与热管理部件之间通过电池的箱体隔开，这样，即使热管理部件与电池的箱体接触不良，也不会对电极组件造成影响。
基于以上考虑，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池底护板，该电池底护板包括护板主体和热管理部件，护板主体用于安装于电池的底部。热管理部件设于护板主体面向电池的一侧，热管理部件用于调节电池的温度。该电池底护板具有护板主体，可以对电池的底部进行保护，降低电池底部与其他结构发生碰撞损坏的风险。该电池底护板具有热管理部件，热管理部件可通过热传导对电池的温度进行调节，温度调节的一致性高，不会因为局部干烧或者其他原因对电池造成安全风险。并且，由于热管理部件设置于护板主体，便于维护，热管理部件发生故障时可直接拆除更换，不用对电池本身进行拆解。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电设备，用电设备可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，配合参照图2和图3，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池组件100的爆炸图；图3为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池组件100的爆炸图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000包括电池组件100，电池组件100包括电池110和电池底护板120，电池底护板120包括护板主体121和热管理部件122，电池110与护板主体121连接，热管理部件122位于电池110与护板主体121之间。电池组件100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池110可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池110可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池110为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池110不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图4，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池110的爆炸图。电池110包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池110中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池110也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池110还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池110还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图5，图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池110的最小单元。如图5，电池单体20包括有端盖21、壳体22、电极组件23以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖21是指盖合于壳体22的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖21的形状可以与壳体22的形状相适应以配合壳体22。可选地，端盖21可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖21在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖21上可以设置有如电极端子21a等的功能性部件。电极端子21a可以用于与电极组件23电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖21上还可以设置有用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构21b，例如泄压阀。端盖21的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖21的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体22内的电连接部件与端盖21，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体22是用于配合端盖21以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件23、电解液以及其他部件。壳体22和端盖21可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体22上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖21盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖21和壳体22一体化，具体地，端盖21和壳体22可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体22的内部时，再使端盖21盖合壳体22。壳体22可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体22的形状可以根据电极组件23的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体22的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体22内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件23。电极组件23主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件23的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池110的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子21a以形成电流回路。
请参照图6和图7，图6为本申请一些实施例提供的电池底护板120的结构示意图；图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池底护板120的爆炸图。在本申请的一些实施例中，电池底护板120包括护板主体121和热管理部件122，护板主体121用于安装于电池110的底部。热管理部件122设于护板主体121面向电池110的一侧，热管理部件122用于调节电池110的温度。
护板主体121是安装于电池110的底部，对电池110的底部起到防护作用，避免其他结构直接对电池110的底部进行剐蹭、撞击和磕碰的部件。可选地，护板主体121包括围体1211和底板1212，围体1211围设于底板1212的边缘，围体1211沿着底板1212的厚度方向延伸，围体1211与底板1212形成防护空间，热管理部件122可位于防护空间内，以便于护板主体121对热管理部件122进行防护。可以理解地，围体1211为多个延伸方向平行于底板1212的厚度方向的侧壁首尾相连而成。底板1212上开设有安装孔，安装孔用于供螺栓穿设，以将底板1212连接于电池110的箱体10。
该电池底护板120具有护板主体121，可以对电池110的底部进行保护，降低电池110底部与其他结构发生碰撞损坏的风险。该电池底护板120具有热管理部件122，热管理部件122可通过热传导对电池110的温度进行调节，温度调节的一致性高，不会因为局部干烧或者其他原因对电池110造成安全风险。并且，由于热管理部件122设置于护板主体121，便于维护，热管理部件122发生故障时可直接拆除更换，不用对电池110本身进行拆解。
在本申请的一些实施例中，在护板主体121的厚度方向上，护板主体121的投影完全覆盖热管理部件122。
也可以理解为，在底板1212的厚度方向上，底板1212的投影完全覆盖热管理部件122。或者说，底板1212的尺寸大于热管理部件122的尺寸，以使底板1212在底板1212的厚度方向上完全遮挡热管理部件122。
热管理部件122在垂直于护板主体121的厚度方向的平面内的投影位于护板主体121在垂直于护板主体121的厚度方向的平面内的投影之内，护板主体121可以对热管理部件122起到 较好的保护效果，降低热管理部件122与其他结构发生碰撞的风险。
在本申请的一些实施例中，电池底护板120还包括抵持件123，抵持件123设置于热管理部件122和护板主体121之间，抵持件123被配置为在护板主体121安装于电池110时使得热管理部件122抵靠于电池110。
可选地，在将电池底护板120连接于电池110时，底板1212挤压于抵持件123，向抵持件123施加挤压力，挤压力经过抵持件123传递给热管理部件122，以使抵持件123将热管理部件122抵靠于电池110。
通过设置抵持件123，在护板主体121安装于电池110时，抵持件123能够将热管理部件122抵靠于电池110，使得热管理部件122与电池110充分接触，提升热管理部件122与电池110的换热效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中，抵持件123为设置于热管理部件122和护板主体121之间的弹性垫。
选择弹性垫作为抵持件123，一方面弹性垫具有弹性，在护板主体121安装于电池110时，弹性垫的弹性力可进一步作用于热管理部件122，以将热管理部件122抵靠在电池110上，使得热管理部件122与电池110充分接触，提升热管理部件122与电池110的换热效果。另一方面，弹性垫为柔性结构，使得热管理部件122作用于弹性垫时不易损坏，延长了热管理部件122的使用寿命。
请参照图6和图7，在本申请的一些实施例中，热管理部件122包括电热件，电热件用于与电池110电连接，电热件被配置为在电池110为电热件提供电能时加热电池110。
电热件是将电能转化为热能的部件。当电热件不通电时，电热件不产生热量。而当电热件通电时，电热件可以快速产生热量。
通过设置电热件，当电池110为电热件提供电能时，电热件产生热量，加热电池110，使得电池110的温度升高。而当电池110不再为电热件提供电能时，电热件不再产生热量，电池110自然冷却，电池110的温度降低。
在本申请的一些实施例中，电热件包括多个电热单元1221，多个电热单元1221在预设方向上间隔排布，电热单元1221被配置为在电池110为电热单元1221提供电能时加热电池110。抵持件123包括多个抵持单元1231，抵持单元1231与电热单元1221一一对应。抵持单元1231设置于电热单元1221和护板主体121之间，抵持单元1231被配置为在护板主体121安装于电池110时使得电热单元1221抵靠于电池110。
电热单元1221同样是将电能转化为热能的部件。在本申请的一些实施例中，电热单元1221包括电热板，电热板内集成有电热丝，电热丝可以在电热板内蛇形排布，以使产生的热量均匀分布于电热板的外侧。电热件包括多个电热板，多个电热单元1221在预设方向上间隔排布且通过导线1224串连。
可选地，电热单元1221上间隔开设有多个散热孔1222，多个散热孔1222沿着电热单元1221的长度方向间隔分布。因为电池110不为电热件提供电能时，电热件不产生热量，电池110需要自然冷却，所以通过在电热单元1221上开设多个散热孔1222，以加快电池110冷却的速度。
另外，电热件还包括电插头1223，电插头1223通过导线1224与多个电热单元1221连接。电插头1223用于插接于电池110，以快速电连接电热件与电池110。
抵持件123包括多个抵持单元1231，多个抵持单元1231沿着预设方向间隔排布。抵持单元1231与电热单元1221一一对应，且位于电热单元1221和护板主体121之间。抵持单元1231用于在护板主体121安装于电池110时使得电热单元1221抵靠于电池110。
通过设置多个电热单元1221，便于在多个位置对电池110进行加热。与之相对应地，通过设置多个抵持单元1231，多个抵持单元1231与多个电热单元1221一一对应，在护板主体121 安装于电池110时，抵持单元1231将电热单元1221抵靠于电池110，使得电热单元1221与电池110充分接触，增强换热效果。
请参照图8和图9，图8为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池底护板120的结构示意图；图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池底护板120的爆炸图。在本申请的另一些实施例中，热管理部件122包括导热件，导热件用于容纳换热介质以给电池110调节温度。
通过向导热件内通入换热介质，换热介质与电池110存在温差，因此，热量会从换热介质和电池110中温度较高的一者传递至温度较低的一者，进而使得电池110升温或冷却，以实现对电池110的温度调节。例如，当需要加热电池110时，则通入高温介质，高温介质的温度高于电池110当前的温度，这样，高温介质会与电池110进行换热，进而加热电池110。当需要冷却电池110时，则通入低温介质，低温介质的温度低于电池110当前的温度，这样，低温介质会与电池110进行换热，进而冷却电池110。
导热件包括多个导热单元1225，多个导热单元1225在预设方向上间隔排布，导热单元1225用于容纳换热介质以给电池110调节温度。抵持件123包括多个抵持单元1231，抵持单元1231与导热单元1225一一对应，抵持单元1231设置于导热单元1225和护板主体121之间，抵持单元1231被配置为在护板主体121安装于电池110时使得导热单元1225抵靠于电池110。
可选地，导热单元1225包括连通板1225a和两个第一连接管1225b，两个第一连接管1225b相对布置，连通板1225a连通两个第一连接管1225b。具体来说，连通板1225a内具有第一介质容纳腔，第一连接管1225b内具有第二介质容纳腔，第一介质容纳腔和两个第一连接管1225b各自的第二介质容纳腔连通。第一介质容纳腔和第二介质容纳腔均用于容纳换热介质。通过向第一介质容纳腔和/或第二介质容纳腔内通入换热介质，以实现对电池110的换热。
导热单元1225包括多个连通板1225a，多个连通板1225a沿预设方向排布，每个连通板1225a连通两个第一连接管1225b。请参照图8和图9，导热单元1225包括两个连通板1225a，两个连通板1225a在预设方向间隔设置，且均与第一连接管1225b连通。
导热件还包括多个第二连接管1227，在本申请的一些实施例中，多个导热单元1225通过第二连接管1227连通，为了增大换热介质的行程，多个第二连接管1227和多个导热单元1225形成蛇形。
导热件还包括两个快插接头1226、进介质管1228和出介质管1229，一个快插接头1226通过进介质管1228与一个导热单元1225连通，另一个快插接头1226通过出介质管1229与另一个导热单元1225连通。快插接头1226用于插接于介质供应系统，以将导热件与介质供应系统快速连接。
抵持件123包括多个抵持单元1231，多个抵持单元1231沿着预设方向间隔排布。抵持单元1231与导热单元1225一一对应，且位于导热单元1225和护板主体121之间。抵持单元1231用于在护板主体121安装于电池110时使得导热单元1225抵靠于电池110。
通过设置多个导热单元1225，便于在多个位置对电池110进行换热。与之相对应地，通过设置多个抵持单元1231，多个抵持单元1231与多个导热单元1225一一对应，在护板主体121安装于电池110时，抵持单元1231将导热单元1225抵靠于电池110，使得导热单元1225与电池110充分接触，增强换热效果。
在本申请的又一些实施例中，热管理部件122由导热率较高的材料制成。例如，铜、铝和硅等。这样，电池110的热量会经过热管理部件122传递至空气中，进而进行散热。
本申请实施例提供的电池底护板120可对电池110整体进行加热或者冷却，通过箱体10的传导，再对电极组件23进行加热或者冷却，加热功能和冷却功能一致性高，不会因为局部干烧或者其他原因对电极组件23造成安全风险。另外，本申请实施例提供的电池底护板120便于维护，发生故障直接拆除更换，不用对电池110本身进行拆解。并且可根据不同的使用地区和使用场景，针对不同的使用需求，选配不同的电池底护板120，满足不同需求。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人 员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池底护板，其中，所述电池底护板包括：
    护板主体，用于安装于电池的底部；以及
    热管理部件，设于所述护板主体面向所述电池的一侧，所述热管理部件用于调节所述电池的温度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述电池底护板，其中，所述电池底护板还包括：
    抵持件，设置于所述热管理部件和所述护板主体之间，所述抵持件被配置为在所述护板主体安装于所述电池时使得所述热管理部件抵靠于所述电池。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述电池底护板，其中，所述抵持件为设置于所述热管理部件和所述护板主体之间的弹性垫。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述电池底护板，其中，在所述护板主体的厚度方向上，所述护板主体的投影完全覆盖所述热管理部件。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述电池底护板，其中，所述热管理部件包括：
    电热件，用于与所述电池电连接，所述电热件被配置为在所述电池为所述电热件提供电能时加热所述电池。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述电池底护板，其中，所述电热件包括：
    多个电热单元，在预设方向上间隔排布，所述电热单元被配置为在所述电池为所述电热单元提供电能时加热所述电池；
    抵持件，包括多个抵持单元，所述抵持单元与所述电热单元一一对应，所述抵持单元设置于所述电热单元和所述护板主体之间，所述抵持单元被配置为在所述护板主体安装于所述电池时使得所述电热单元抵靠于所述电池。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述电池底护板，其中，所述热管理部件包括：
    导热件，用于容纳换热介质以给所述电池调节温度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述电池底护板，其中，所述导热件包括：
    多个导热单元，在预设方向上间隔排布，所述导热单元用于容纳换热介质以给所述电池调节温度；
    抵持件，包括多个抵持单元，所述抵持单元与所述导热单元一一对应，所述抵持单元设置于所述导热单元和所述护板主体之间，所述抵持单元被配置为在所述护板主体安装于所述电池时使得所述导热单元抵靠于所述电池。
  9. 一种电池组件，其中，所述电池组件包括：
    电池；以及
    根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电池底护板，所述电池与所述护板主体连接，所述热管理部件位于所述电池与所述护板主体之间。
  10. 一种用电设备，其中，所述用电设备包括根据权利要求9所述的电池组件。
PCT/CN2022/125509 2021-11-08 2022-10-14 一种电池底护板、电池组件及用电设备 WO2023078065A1 (zh)

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