WO2023077781A1 - 摄像机 - Google Patents

摄像机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023077781A1
WO2023077781A1 PCT/CN2022/095613 CN2022095613W WO2023077781A1 WO 2023077781 A1 WO2023077781 A1 WO 2023077781A1 CN 2022095613 W CN2022095613 W CN 2022095613W WO 2023077781 A1 WO2023077781 A1 WO 2023077781A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
air outlet
gas
air inlet
rectifying
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PCT/CN2022/095613
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄碧军
方志强
颜财盛
Original Assignee
杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023077781A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077781A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
    • B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of imaging technology, in particular to a video camera.
  • the lens window needs to be cleaned regularly.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a camera, which can clean the lens window of the camera by rectifying and homogenizing the airflow.
  • the first aspect of the present disclosure provides a camera, including:
  • Gas nozzle, described gas nozzle comprises:
  • the gas nozzle cavity defines a rectifying air chamber
  • an air inlet which is located on the air inlet side of the rectifying air chamber and communicates with the air inlet side of the rectifying air chamber, and the cross section of the air inlet is circular;
  • an air outlet which is located on the air outlet side of the rectifying air chamber and communicates with the air outlet side of the rectifying air chamber;
  • the three-dimensional coordinate system is established in the following manner: the direction from the air inlet side to the air outlet side is the X direction, the length direction of the air outlet is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction,
  • the configuration of the camera is: the gas flowing out from the gas outlet side is used to clean the lens window.
  • the air nozzle it includes can rectify and homogenize the airflow, so as to improve the cleaning efficiency of the lens window.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an air jet cleaning device for a lens window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main body of the cleaning module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the upper cover of the main body is removed.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of an air pump assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of an airbag assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a solenoid valve, an air outlet pipe and an air nozzle are also shown.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic bottom view of a gas nozzle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 shows the gas nozzle from the side of the gas nozzle cover plate of the gas nozzle, and X and Y directions are marked in the figure.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic view of the gas nozzle shown in Fig. 5, and Fig. 6 is also a bottom view, and the gas nozzle cover plate is removed in Fig. 6 .
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows the air nozzle base and the air inlet of the air nozzle shown in FIG. 5 from a bottom view.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the air nozzle shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are partial enlarged views of FIG. 7 , specifically, enlarged views of part B in FIG. 7 . Wherein, Fig. 9 has size standard.
  • Fig. 10 is a side view of the air nozzle shown in Fig. 5, and the viewing angle in Fig. 10 is observed from the side where the air outlet is located.
  • Fig. 11 is another side view of the air nozzle shown in Fig. 5, and the viewing angle in Fig. 11 is observed from the end side of the air nozzle, that is, observed from the left end of the air nozzle shown in Fig. 10 .
  • Fig. 11 has partial sectional view. The cutting line of the partial section is along the line D-D in FIG. 9 .
  • Fig. 12 is a partial sectional view of the air nozzle projected in the same direction as Fig. 11 .
  • Airbag components 134 Airbag lower cover 14
  • the electromagnetic valve 135 air bag 15 air pump bracket 311 sloped side wall 16 Main body lower cover 312 parallel side walls 17 Main body cover 321 guide slope 31 Gas nozzle base 331 air intake 32 Valve cover 341
  • the first air outlet 33 air intake 342 Second air outlet 34 air outlet 351 oblique rib 35 vertical rib 352 Parallel ribs 36
  • Mounting Boss 353 Divide ribs evenly 37 sub-air chamber 361 Mounting holes 38 rectifying air chamber 381 Z up the wall 111 air pump cover 382 Z down the wall 112 air pump the the the the electromagnetic valve 135 air bag 15 air pump bracket 311 sloped side wall 16 Main body lower cover 312 parallel side walls 17 Main body cover 321 guide slope 31 Gas nozzle base 331 air intake 32 Valve cover 341
  • the first air outlet 33 Second air outlet 34 air outlet 351 oblique rib 35 vertical rib 352 Parallel ribs 36
  • Mounting Boss 353 Divide ribs evenly 37 sub-air chamber 361
  • the air nozzle for cleaning the lens window of the embodiment of the present disclosure is mainly used to solve the problem that the lens window of conventional monitoring products is bonded by rainwater and dust during long-term use, resulting in unclear or invalid pictures. Especially for special scenes where the lens window is easy to get dirty.
  • the air nozzle for cleaning the lens window of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to a camera installed in a dusty area, or to a camera whose installation method is an elevation angle, so as to provide good cleaning for the lens window of the camera ability.
  • the wipers can damage the coated glass and PC material windows, and it is easy to scratch the surface of the coating layer and PC material. Reduce the transparency performance of the lens window surface, or reduce the service life of the product.
  • the present disclosure proposes a method of cleaning the lens window by blowing air.
  • a method of cleaning the lens window by blowing air For blowing cleaning, one of the technical difficulties is how to achieve effective rectification of the airflow.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide an air nozzle for cleaning a lens window.
  • the air nozzle can be used in the following air jet cleaning system for the lens window.
  • an air jet cleaning system for a lens window includes: a cleaning module main body 1 , an air outlet pipe 2 and an air nozzle 3 .
  • the main body of the cleaning module 1 can output gas, especially the gas with a certain pressure.
  • the gas is ejected from the gas nozzle 3 through the gas outlet pipe 2, and scours the lens window with the air flow, thereby cleaning the lens window.
  • the lens window is not limited to the flat window shown in FIG. 12 , and also includes hemispherical or other shaped windows.
  • the cleaning module main body 1 includes an air pump assembly 11 , an air intake pipe 12 , an airbag assembly 13 , a solenoid valve 14 , an air pump bracket 15 , a lower body cover 16 , and an upper body cover 17 .
  • the main body lower cover 16 and the main body upper cover 17 define an accommodating space for accommodating the air pump assembly 11 , the intake pipe 12 , the air bag assembly 13 , the electromagnetic valve 14 and the air pump bracket 15 .
  • the air pump bracket 15 is used to install the air pump assembly to the lower body cover 16 or the upper body cover 17 .
  • the air pump assembly 11 includes an air pump 112 .
  • the gas pump 112 is used for generating gas, or pumping gas, especially gas with a certain pressure.
  • the air nozzle 3 receives the pressure gas from the air pump 112 through the air outlet pipe 2, and guides the pressure gas to the lens window to clean the lens window.
  • the intake pipe 12 is arranged between the air pump assembly 11 and the air bag assembly 13 , and communicates with the air pump assembly 11 and the air bag assembly 13 .
  • the intake pipe 12 may take any suitable shape as required, and is not limited to the illustrated shape.
  • the intake pipe 12 may be a flexible hose for easy installation.
  • the air bag assembly 13 is used to generate pulsed air flow.
  • the airbag assembly 13 includes an airbag 135 .
  • the airbag 135 is an elastic airbag.
  • the air inlet end of the air bag 135 is connected with the air path of the air pump 112 , and the air outlet end of the air bag 135 is connected with the air nozzle 3 through the electromagnetic valve 14 .
  • the maximum withstand air pressure of the airbag 135 is greater than or equal to the maximum working static pressure of the air pump 112 .
  • the maximum working static pressure of the air pump 112 refers to the highest pressure that the air pump can achieve to inflate the closed volume under the working voltage.
  • a one-way valve can be provided on the air path between the air bag 135 and the air pump 112 , and the one-way valve can be configured to only allow air to flow from the air pump 112 to the air bag 135 .
  • the solenoid valve 14 is used to control the on-off of the air circuit.
  • the solenoid valve 14 can adopt any suitable specification solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve has an off state (closed state) and an on state (open state).
  • the solenoid valve 14 When the solenoid valve 14 is closed, if the air pump 112 is energized and turned on, the air bag 135 will be inflated until the internal air pressure of the air bag 135 reaches the maximum working static pressure of the air pump 112 . During this process, the elastic airbag 135 expands, and part of the energy is converted into the elastic potential energy of the airbag.
  • the air bag 135 When the electromagnetic valve 14 is turned on, the air bag 135 forms a passage with the air outlet pipe 2 and the air nozzle 3 . Under the action of the high-pressure gas inside the airbag 135 and the elastic potential energy of the airbag 135 itself, the air in the airbag 135 is released instantaneously and at high speed. This creates high-pressure pulsed airflow to better clean the windows. That is to say, the combined structure of the elastic airbag and the solenoid valve can form a high-pressure pulsed airflow to replace the conventional normal-pressure airflow to blow and clean the window, which not only improves the effect of blowing, but also greatly reduces the power requirements of the air pump and the size of the air pump. can be greatly reduced. High-pressure pulsed airflow is essentially a high-speed airflow generated by the instantaneous release of a high-pressure sealed container.
  • the air inlet pipe 132 and the air outlet pipe 2 are auxiliary components forming a communication air passage. It can be understood that the inlet pipe 132 and the outlet pipe 2 can also be omitted, and the corresponding devices are directly connected.
  • the air bag 135 communicates with the air path of the air pump 112 through the air inlet pipe 132, the air outlet end of the air bag 135 directly communicates with one end of the solenoid valve 14, and the other end of the solenoid valve 14 communicates with the air path of the air nozzle 3 through the air outlet pipe 2. connected.
  • the air pump assembly 11 further includes: an air pump upper cover 111 , a shock pad 113 , a mounting bracket 114 and an air pump lower cover 116 .
  • the air pump upper cover 111 and the air pump lower cover 116 are fixedly connected to each other and define an air pump accommodating space.
  • the air pump 112, the shock pad 113 and the mounting bracket 114 are arranged in the air pump accommodating space.
  • the mounting bracket 114 is fixedly mounted on the air pump lower cover 116 or the air pump upper cover 111 , the shock absorber 113 is disposed between the air pump 112 and the mounting bracket 114 , and the air pump 112 is fixed to the mounting bracket 114 .
  • the control board 115 is, for example, a PCB board, and is used to control the actions of the air pump and the solenoid valve.
  • the PCB board independently controls the action of the air pump and the solenoid valve, for example, to perform self-cleaning on a regular basis.
  • the PCB board communicates with the control unit of the camera to coordinately control the actions of the air pump and the solenoid valve.
  • the control board 115 is not necessary.
  • air pumps and solenoid valves can be controlled directly from the camera's control unit.
  • the airbag assembly 13 in addition to the airbag 135 , the airbag assembly 13 also includes: an airbag upper cover 131 , an airbag sealing ring 133 and an airbag lower cover 134 .
  • the airbag upper cover 131 and the airbag lower cover 134 are fixedly connected to each other and define an airbag accommodating space.
  • the airbag 135 and the solenoid valve 14 are disposed in the airbag accommodating space.
  • An airbag sealing ring 133 is provided at the joint between the inlet end (the right end in FIG. 4 ) of the airbag 135 and the inlet pipe 132 to improve the sealing performance.
  • the air nozzle 3 for cleaning the lens window includes: an air nozzle cavity, an air inlet 33 and an air outlet 34 .
  • the air nozzle cavity is the main part of the air nozzle 3, which defines a rectifying air chamber.
  • the gas nozzle cavity includes a gas nozzle base 31 and a gas nozzle cover 32 spliced together.
  • the gas nozzle base 31 and the gas nozzle cover 32 can be connected to each other in any suitable manner, such as forming a detachable structure through screw connection, or forming an inseparable integrated structure through ultrasonic welding.
  • the valve base 31 and the valve cover 32 may adopt any suitable structure and are not limited to the structures illustrated in this disclosure.
  • the terminology of the air nozzle base and the air nozzle cover is used only for the convenience of description, and does not limit that the air nozzle base is located at the lower part and the air nozzle cover is located at the upper part.
  • the air nozzle base 31 is located above, and the air nozzle cover 32 is located below.
  • the air inlet 33 is located at the air inlet side (the left side in FIG. 5 ) of the air nozzle cavity, and communicates with the air inlet side of the rectifying air chamber.
  • the air outlet 34 is located at the air outlet side of the air nozzle cavity (the right side of FIG. 5 ), and communicates with the air outlet side of the rectifying air chamber, wherein the air outlet 34 is a long and narrow hole, and the gas flowing out of the air outlet side is used to clean the lens window.
  • a three-dimensional coordinate system is established in the following manner: the direction from the air inlet side (left side in Fig. 5, Fig. 11, Fig. 12) to the air outlet side (right side in Fig. 5, Fig. 11, Fig. 12) is X direction; the length direction of the air outlet 34 is the Y direction, i.e. the up-down direction in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, or the left-right direction in Fig. 10; the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction, i.e. Fig. 10 to Fig. 12 in the up and down direction.
  • the three-dimensional coordinate system is only for the convenience of describing the valve. In actual use, the specific spatial arrangement orientation of the air nozzle can be set as required.
  • the size of the rectifying air chamber in the Y direction gradually increases; the size in the Z direction gradually decreases.
  • the pressure gas input from the air inlet 33 can be rectified and diffused by the air nozzle, so as to enlarge the air outlet area, so that the gas flowing out from the air outlet side can cover the area of the lens window that needs to be cleaned.
  • one or more vertical ribs 35 are arranged in the cavity of the air nozzle.
  • the vertical ribs 35 extend along the Z direction and divide the rectifying air chamber into a plurality of sub-air chambers 37 , and each sub-air chamber 37 extends from the air inlet 33 to the air outlet 34 .
  • the number of sub-air chambers 37 is equal to the number of vertical ribs 35 plus one.
  • the number of vertical ribs 35 can be set as required.
  • One setting method is to set an even number of vertical ribs to form an odd number of sub-air chambers.
  • the sub-air chamber in the middle is symmetrical about the X-Z plane of the rectifying air chamber in the middle.
  • the sub-air chambers on both sides are symmetrical with respect to the middle sub-air chamber.
  • the vertical ribs are flow guide ribs, which are structural features used to form the preset air duct in the air nozzle.
  • two vertical ribs 35 are arranged in the gas nozzle cavity, and the vertical ribs 35 extend along the Z direction to divide the rectifying air chamber into three sub-air chambers 37, and each sub-air chamber 37 starts from The air inlet 33 extends to the air outlet 34 .
  • the two vertical ribs 35 are symmetrical about the X-Z plane of the rectifying air chamber in the middle. This is conducive to improving the uniformity of the wind.
  • each vertical rib 35 includes interconnected oblique rib segments 351 and parallel rib segments 352 , wherein the parallel rib segments 352 are adjacent to the air outlet 34 , and the oblique rib segments 351 are adjacent to the air inlet 33 .
  • Parallel rib segments are perpendicular to the Y axis.
  • the included angle between the oblique rib segment 351 and the parallel rib segment 352 is an obtuse angle.
  • the angle A between the oblique rib segments 351 of the two vertical ribs 35 is less than or equal to 60 degrees. Therefore, it is beneficial to ensure that the airflow in the middle sub-air chamber has a relatively high airflow intensity.
  • the evenly divided rib section 353 of the vertical rib 35 extends into the air inlet, and the depth is greater than or equal to 1mm.
  • the gas nozzle cavity includes two inclined side walls 311 and two parallel side walls 312 connected to each other.
  • the inclined side walls 311 and the parallel side walls 312 extend along the Z direction.
  • the parallel side wall 312 is adjacent to the air outlet 34
  • the inclined side wall 311 is adjacent to the air inlet.
  • the parallel side walls 312 are perpendicular to the Y axis.
  • the included angle between the oblique rib segment 351 and the connected parallel side walls 312 is an obtuse angle; the included angle A between the two inclined side walls 311 is greater than 90 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees.
  • the air inlet 33 is provided with an air inlet 331 in the form of a conical hole.
  • the axis of the air inlet hole 331 is parallel to the X direction, and the diameter of the air inlet hole 331 gradually increases in the direction from the air inlet side to the air outlet side, so as to achieve uniform diffusion and facilitate the setting of the equally divided ribs 353 .
  • the Z direction dimension h (see Fig. 10) of the air outlet 34 is set in the following manner:
  • the Z-direction dimension h of the air outlet 34 is set equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the length setting of the air outlet it can be set based on the height, for example, the ratio of the length of the air outlet (that is, the dimension in the Y direction) to the height (the dimension in the Z direction) can be set to be greater than or equal to 10:1. For example set to 10:1; 12:1; 15:1; or even 20:1 and so on.
  • the length setting of the air outlet can also be set with reference to the size of the window, for example, it is set to be equal to or substantially equal to the Y dimension of the window.
  • the first air outlet end surface 341 of the air nozzle base 31 protrudes from the second air outlet end surface 342 of the air nozzle cover plate 32 , and the protruding distance f is greater than or equal to 1 mm. That is to say, in the X direction, the upper edge of the air outlet protrudes from the lower edge of the air outlet, thereby facilitating the upward diffusion and consumption of the compressed airflow.
  • the Z direction of the coordinate system defined above is no longer the same direction as the up-down direction in the natural coordinate system.
  • the Z direction is the horizontal direction in the natural coordinate system, specifically the direction perpendicular to the plane view window and away from the plane view window.
  • the included angle between the Z-upward wall 381 and the Z-downward wall 382 of the rectifying air chamber 38 is in the range of 3° to 7°. This is beneficial to increase the air velocity at the air outlet.
  • the angle between the Z upward wall 381 and the Z downward wall 382 can be understood as the angle e between the plane defined by the Z upward wall 381 and the plane defined by the Z downward wall 382, the size of the angle e Can be 4°, 5° or 6°.
  • the structural design of the above-mentioned air nozzle makes it possible to realize air flow rectification under the premise of retaining the initial air pressure value of the pulse air flow to the greatest extent, avoid loss, improve the cleaning efficiency of the blow-off form, reduce the module volume, and improve the performance of the self-cleaning module on different products. compatibility.
  • the efficiency of window cleaning can be improved by means of jet airflow, and damage to the lens window can be avoided, and the scope of application of this cleaning method is relatively large, except for plane windows In addition, it can also be applied to domes and special-shaped windows.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a camera, which includes a lens window and the above-mentioned air nozzle for cleaning the lens window or the above-mentioned air jet cleaning system.
  • a camera has a lens window and an air nozzle 3 .
  • Air nozzle 3 has rectification air chamber 38, the air inlet 33 that is positioned at the intake side of rectification air chamber 38 and the air outlet 34 that is positioned at the air outlet side of rectification air chamber 38, wherein, establish three-dimensional coordinate system in the following manner: with from inlet The direction that the air side points to the air outlet side is the X direction, the length direction of the air outlet 34 is the Y direction, the direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction, the air outlet 34 of the air nozzle 3 is aligned with the lens window, and the camera is configured as : The gas flowing out from the outlet side is used to clean the lens window.
  • the length direction of the air outlet refers to the longitudinal direction of the air outlet.
  • the air outlet can generally be understood as the air outlet end of the rectified air chamber. Viewed from the air outlet side, the shape of the air outlet is generally rectangular, but the shape of the air outlet is not limited to rectangle. For example, for a hemispherical window, a larger Z-direction dimension can be set at the middle of the air outlet, and a smaller Z-direction dimension can be set at both ends.
  • the length direction of the air nozzle 3 can be set to be parallel to the plane defined by the outer surface of the plane window 4 .
  • the plane defined by the Z downward wall 382 of the rectifying air chamber 38 is parallel to the plane defined by the outer surface of the plane window, and the included angle between the Z upward wall and the Z downward wall of the rectifying air chamber is between 3° and in the range of 7°.
  • the Z-downward wall 382 is actually the upper surface of the valve cover 32 .
  • the Z upward wall 381 is actually the lower surface of the valve base 31 .
  • the distance between the plane defined by the Z upward wall 381 of the rectifying air chamber 38 and the plane defined by the outer surface of the plane window and the center point of the plane window is less than or equal to 1 of the maximum radial dimension of the plane window /3. This is beneficial to guide the cleaning airflow mainly to the middle part of the viewing window, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.
  • intersection line of the plane defined by the Z-upward wall of the rectifying air chamber and the plane defined by the outer surface of the plane window is located on the side adjacent to the air outlet of the center point of the plane window. This is conducive to more fully utilizing the kinetic energy of the airflow.
  • the plane defined by the Z-downward wall of the rectifying air chamber is higher than the plane defined by the outer surface of the plane window in the Z direction, and a position adjacent to the air outlet 34 is provided on the Z-downward wall of the rectifying air chamber
  • the guiding slope 321 is inclined to the plane defined by the plane window. Therefore, the airflow is properly diffused at the air outlet, and the direct coverage area of the airflow is increased.
  • the guide slope 321 may be disposed parallel to a plane defined by the Z-upward wall. Or it is set to be inclined at a small angle, such as an angle of 1-3 degrees, relative to the plane defined by the Z upper wall, thereby forming an over-flare opening.
  • Outward here means facing out of the rectifying air chamber.
  • intersection line between the guiding slope 321 and the plane defined by the plane window is adjacent to the edge of the plane window in the ⁇ X direction (negative X direction).
  • the X-direction distance g between the edge of the air nozzle 3 and the plane window can be set as required.
  • the X-direction distance g between the edge of the air nozzle 3 and the plane window is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.5 cm.
  • g is set equal to 1cm.
  • the lens window can also be a hemispherical window.
  • the lens window is a hemispherical window, the intersection line of the plane defined by the Z upward wall 381 of the rectifying air chamber 38 and the tangent plane defined by the protruding apex of the outer surface of the hemispherical window, and the distance from the protruding apex of the outer surface of the hemispherical window is less than or equal to 1/5 of the radius of the hemispherical window.
  • the airflow is directed to the protruding apex in a concentrated manner, improving cleaning efficiency.
  • the shape of the air outlet can be optimized, that is, a larger Z-direction size is set at the middle of the air outlet, and a smaller Z-direction size is set at its two ends.

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Abstract

提供一种摄像机。摄像机包括镜头视窗；气嘴包括：气嘴腔体限定一个整流气室(38)；进气口(33)位于整流气室(38)的进气侧，且与整流气室(38)的进气侧连通，进气口(33)的截面为圆形；出风口(34)位于整流气室(38)的出气侧，且与整流气室(38)的出气侧连通；其中，以下述方式建立三维坐标系：从进气口(33)指向出风口(34)的方向为X方向，出风口(34)的长度方向为Y方向，垂直于X方向和Y方向的方向为Z方向，在X方向上，从进气侧到出气侧，整流气室(38)在Y方向上的尺寸逐渐增大；在Z方向上的尺寸逐渐减小；摄像机配置为：出气侧流出气体用于清洁镜头视窗，由此为摄像机的镜头视窗提供良好的清洁能力。

Description

摄像机
本公开要求于2021年11月3日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111295183.0发明名称为“一种用于清洁摄像机视窗的气嘴”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及成像技术领域，特别是涉及一种摄像机。
背景技术
本部分提供的仅仅是与本公开相关的背景信息，其并不必然是现有技术。
监控类产品在长时间使用过程中，因其镜头视窗被雨水、灰尘等粘接，会导致画面不清晰或者画面失效的问题。因此，需要定期对其镜头视窗进行清洁。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种摄像机，通过对气流进行整流、均匀化，以对摄像机的镜头视窗进行清洁。
为实现上述目的，本公开第一方面提供一种摄像机，包括：
镜头视窗；
气嘴，所述气嘴包括：
气嘴腔体，其限定一个整流气室；
进气口，其位于所述整流气室的进气侧，且与所述整流气室的进气侧连通，所述进气口的截面为圆形；
出风口，其位于所述整流气室的出气侧，且与所述整流气室的出气侧连通；
其中，以下述方式建立三维坐标系：从进气侧指向出气侧的方向为X方向，出风口的长度方向为Y方向，垂直于X方向和Y方向的方向为Z方向，
在X方向上，从所述进气侧到出气侧，所述整流气室在Y方向上的尺寸逐渐增大；在Z方向上的尺寸逐渐减小：
所述摄像机配置为：所述出气侧流出气体用于清洁所述镜头视窗。
根据本公开的摄像机，其所包括的气嘴能够实现对气流进行整流、均匀化，以提高对其镜头视窗清洁的效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是根据本公开一实施例的用于镜头视窗的喷气清洁装置的俯视示意图。
图2是根据本公开一实施例的清洁模块主体的示意图，图中去除了主体上盖。
图3是根据本公开一实施例的气泵组件的分解示意图。
图4是根据本公开一实施例的气囊组件的分解示意图，图中同时还示出了电磁阀、出气管和气嘴。
图5是根据本公开一实施例的气嘴的示意性仰视图，图5从气嘴的气嘴盖板一侧示出了气嘴，图中标注了X向与Y向。
图6是图5所示气嘴的另一示意图，图6也是仰视图，图6中去除了气嘴盖板。或者说，图6以仰视的角度示意性示出了图5所示气嘴的气嘴底座与进气口。
图7是图5所示气嘴的局部剖视示意图。
图8和图9是图7的局部放大视图，具体为图7中B部的放大视图。其中，图9带有尺寸标准。
图10是图5所示气嘴的侧视图，图10的观察视角为从出风口所在的一侧进行观察。
图11是图5所示气嘴的另一侧视图，图11的观察视角为从气嘴端部侧进行观察，即从图10所示气嘴的左侧端部进行观察。其中，图11带有局部剖视。所述局部剖视的剖切线沿着图9中的D-D线。
图12是气嘴的投影方向与图11相同的局部剖面视图。
附图标记：
1 清洁模块主体 113 减震垫
2 出气管 114 安装支架
3 气嘴 115 控制板
4 平面视窗 116 气泵下盖
11 气泵组件 131 气囊上盖
12 进气管 133 气囊密封圈
13 气囊组件 134 气囊下盖
14 电磁阀 135 气囊
15 气泵支架 311 倾斜侧壁
16 主体下盖 312 平行侧壁
17 主体上盖 321 引导斜面
31 气嘴底座 331 进气孔
32 气嘴盖板 341 第一出风端面
33 进气口 342 第二出风端面
34 出风口 351 斜向筋段
35 竖向筋 352 平行筋段
36 安装凸台 353 均分筋段
37 子气室 361 安装孔
38 整流气室 381 Z向上壁
111 气泵上盖 382 Z向下壁
112 气泵    
具体实施方式
在附图中，使用相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面结合附图对本公开的实施例进行详细说明。
在本公开的描述中，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
本公开实施例的用于清洁镜头视窗的气嘴，主要用于解决常规监控类产品在长时间使用过程中，其镜头视窗被雨水灰尘粘接导致画面不清晰或者画面失效的问题。特别是应用于镜头视窗容易脏污的特殊场景。例如，本公开实施例的用于清洁镜头视窗的气嘴能够应用于安装在扬尘区域的摄像机，或者应用于安装方式是视角为仰角的摄像机之上，来为该摄像机的镜头视窗提供良好的清洁能力。
相关技术中，如一种采用雨刷刮除的机械刮除形式的清洁技术，此种方式在应用上存在局限性，雨刷对镀膜玻璃和PC材质视窗有损伤，容易刮花镀膜层和PC材料表面，降低 镜头视窗表面的透明性能，或者降低产品的使用寿命。
为克服机械刮除形式对镜头视窗的损伤问题，本公开提出了对镜头视窗采用吹气清洁的方式。对于吹起清洁来说，其中一个技术难题是如何实现对气流的有效整流。为此本公开的实施例提供了一种用于清洁镜头视窗的气嘴。所述气嘴能够用于下文的用于镜头视窗的喷气清洁系统。
参见图1，根据本公开一实施例的用于镜头视窗的喷气清洁系统包括：清洁模块主体1、出气管2和气嘴3。清洁模块主体1能够输出气体，尤其是具有一定压力的气体，气体经过出气管2从气嘴3喷出，以气流冲刷镜头视窗，由此来清洁镜头视窗。
可以理解的是，镜头视窗不限于图12所示的平坦视窗，还包括半球形或其他形状的视窗。
参见图2至图4，清洁模块主体1包括气泵组件11、进气管12、气囊组件13、电磁阀14、气泵支架15、主体下盖16、以及主体上盖17。
主体下盖16和主体上盖17限定一个容置空间，用于容置气泵组件11、进气管12、气囊组件13、电磁阀14和气泵支架15。气泵支架15用于将气泵组件安装至主体下盖16或主体上盖17。
气泵组件11包括气泵112。气泵112用于产生气体，或者泵送气体，尤其是具有一定压力的气体。气嘴3通过出气管2接收来自气泵112的压力气体，并将压力气体引导至镜头视窗，以清洁镜头视窗。
进气管12设置在气泵组件11和气囊组件13之间，连通气泵组件11和气囊组件13。进气管12可以根据需要采用任何适当的形状，而不限于图示的形状。例如，进气管12可以为具有一定柔顺性的软管，以便于安装。
气囊组件13用于产生脉冲气流。参见图4，气囊组件13包括气囊135。气囊135为弹性气囊。气囊135的进气端与气泵112气路连通，气囊135的出气端通过电磁阀14与气嘴3气路连通。
有利的是，气囊135的最大承受耐受气压大于等于气泵112的最大工作静压。气泵112的最大工作静压是指气泵在工作电压下向密闭容积充气所能达到的最高压力。
而且，气囊135与气泵112的气路上，能够设置单向阀，单向阀可以配置为仅仅允许空气从气泵112向气囊135方向流动。
电磁阀14用于控制气路的通断。电磁阀14可以采用任何适当规格的电磁阀。电磁阀 具有断开状态(关闭状态)与接通状态(开启状态)。
在电磁阀14关闭时，如果气泵112通电开启，将向气囊135充气，直至气囊135的内部气压达到气泵112的最大工作静压。在此过程中，具有弹性的气囊135膨胀，部分能量转换为气囊的弹性势能。
在电磁阀14接通时，气囊135与出气管2、气嘴3形成通路。在气囊135内部高压气体和气囊135本身弹性势能作用下，气囊135内的空气按照瞬时、高速的形式释放。从而产生高压脉冲气流，来更好地清洁视窗。也就是说，弹性气囊与电磁阀组合的结构，能够形成高压脉冲气流代替常规的常压气流对视窗进行吹除清洁，不仅提升了吹除的效果，而且气泵的功率要求大大降低、气泵体积大小能够大大减小。高压脉冲气流实质上是高压密封容器瞬间释放产生的高速气流。
进气管132和出气管2是形成连通气路的辅助构件。可以理解的是，也可以省去进气管132和出气管2，将相应器件直接连通。
在图示实施例中，气囊135通过进气管132与气泵112气路连通，气囊135的出气端直接与电磁阀14的一端连通，电磁阀14的另一端通过出气管2与气嘴3气路连通。
参见图3，气泵组件11还包括：气泵上盖111、减震垫113、安装支架114和气泵下盖116。
气泵上盖111和气泵下盖116相互固定连接，并限定一个气泵容置空间。气泵112、减震垫113和安装支架114设置在气泵容置空间内。安装支架114固定安装至气泵下盖116或气泵上盖111，减震垫113设置在气泵112与安装支架114之间，且气泵112固定至安装支架114。
图3中还示出了控制板115。控制板115例如为PCB板，用于控制气泵和电磁阀的动作。在一个实施例中，PCB板独立控制气泵和电磁阀的动作，例如，定期进行自清洁。在另一个实施例中，PCB板与摄像机的控制单元通讯，协同控制气泵和电磁阀的动作。
可以理解的是，控制板115并不是必须的。例如，气泵和电磁阀能够直接由摄像机的控制单元控制。参见图4，除了气囊135之外，气囊组件13还包括：气囊上盖131、气囊密封圈133和气囊下盖134。
气囊上盖131和气囊下盖134相互固定连接，并限定一个气囊容置空间。气囊135和电磁阀14设置在气囊容置空间内。气囊135的进气端(图4中的右端)与进气管132连接处设置有气囊密封圈133，以提高密封性能。
下面结合附图重点对气嘴进行说明。参见图1、图5至图11，根据图示实施例的用于清洁镜头视窗的气嘴3包括：气嘴腔体、进气口33和出风口34。
气嘴腔体是气嘴3的主体部分，其限定一个整流气室。在图示实施例中，气嘴腔体包括拼接在一起的气嘴底座31和气嘴盖板32。气嘴底座31和气嘴盖板32能够以任何适当的方式相互连接，例如通过螺钉连接形成可拆卸结构，或者通过超声波焊接为不可分割的一体化结构。气嘴底座31和气嘴盖板32可以采用任何适当的结构，而不限于本公开中图示的结构。此外，气嘴底座和气嘴盖板的术语使用，仅仅是为了便于描述，并不限定气嘴底座位于下部而气嘴盖板位于上部。例如，在图12中，气嘴底座31位于上方，而气嘴盖板32位于下方。
进气口33位于气嘴腔体的进气侧(图5的左侧)，且与整流气室的进气侧连通。
出风口34位于气嘴腔体的出气侧(图5的右侧)，且与整流气室的出气侧连通，其中出风口34为狭长孔，出气侧流出气体用于清洁镜头视窗。
参见图5，以下述方式建立三维坐标系：从进气侧(图5、图11、图12中的左侧)指向出气侧(图5、图11、图12中的右侧)的方向为X方向；出风口34的长度方向为Y方向，即图5、图6中的上下方向，或图10中的左右方向；垂直于X方向和Y方向的方向为Z方向，即图10至图12中的上下方向。该三维坐标系仅仅为了便于描述气嘴。在实际使用中，气嘴的具体空间布置方位可以根据需要设置。
在X方向上，从气嘴腔体的进气侧到出气侧，整流气室在Y方向上的尺寸逐渐增大；在Z方向上的尺寸逐渐减小。
这样，从进气口33输入的压力气体，能够被气嘴整流、扩散，以便放大出风区域，使得出气侧流出气体能够覆盖镜头视窗的需要被清洁的区域。
为了提高整流效果，提高出气的均匀性，尤其是提高出风口两端处的气流强度，在气嘴腔体内设置有一条或更多条竖向筋35。竖向筋35沿着Z方向延伸，将整流气室分为多个子气室37，每个子气室37从进气口33延伸至出风口34。子气室37的数量等于竖向筋35的数量再加上一。竖向筋35的数量可以根据需要设置。一种设置方式是设置偶数条竖向筋，形成奇数个子气室。中间的子气室关于中分整流气室的X-Z平面对称。两侧的子气室关于中间的子气室对称。
竖向筋是导流筋，是用于形成气嘴中预设风道的结构特征。
举例来说，参见图6，在气嘴腔体内设置有两条竖向筋35，竖向筋35沿着Z方向延 伸，将整流气室分为三个子气室37，每个子气室37从进气口33延伸至出风口34。两条竖向筋35关于中分整流气室的X-Z平面对称。这有利于提高出风的均匀性。
参见图3，每条竖向筋35包括相互连接的斜向筋段351和平行筋段352，其中，平行筋段352邻近出风口34，斜向筋段351邻近进气口33。平行筋段垂直于Y轴。斜向筋段351与平行筋段352之间的夹角为钝角。两条竖向筋35的斜向筋段351之间的夹角A小于等于60度。从而，有利于保证中间子气室的气流具有较大的气流强度。
在一个实施例中，两条竖向筋35的平行筋段352将出风口34在Y向上分为三段，三段的长度比为(3-4.5):5:(3-4.5)，例如具体为L1：L2：L3＝4:5:4。这有利于在是的出风口的中间部分和两侧部分的出风之间的均匀性。
参见图8与图9，在一个实施例中，在进气口3与气嘴腔体衔接处，竖向筋35的均分筋段353将进气口3均分。从而，S1＝S2＝S3，其中S1、S2、S3为有效通流截面积，而并非指图9图面上下方向上的尺寸。也就是说，实现气嘴内部不同腔体间入风口面积比为1:1:1。
举例来说，在进气口3与气嘴腔体衔接处，在X方向上，竖向筋35的均分筋段353伸入至进气口内，深入的长度大于等于1mm。
参见图6，气嘴腔体，或者更具体为气嘴底座31，包括相互连接的两条倾斜侧壁311和两条平行侧壁312。倾斜侧壁311和平行侧壁312沿着Z方向延伸。平行侧壁312邻近出风口34，倾斜侧壁311邻近进气口。平行侧壁312垂直于Y轴。斜向筋段351与相连的平行侧壁312之间的夹角为钝角；两条倾斜侧壁311之间的夹角A大于90度，小于等于150度。
为了进一步提高整流、扩散效果，进气口33处设置有圆锥形孔形式的进气孔331。进气孔331的轴线平行于X方向，在从进气侧指向出气侧的方向上，进气孔331的直径逐渐增大，从而实现均匀扩散，且有利于均分筋段353的设置。
参加图10、图11和图12，出风口34的Z向尺寸h(参见图10)按下述方式设置：
0.4mm＜h＜0.6mm。
例如出风口34的Z向尺寸h设置为等于0.5mm。关于出风口的长度设置，可以基于高度来设置，例如，出风口的长度(即在Y方向上的尺寸)与高度(Z方向上的尺寸)之比可以设置为大于等于10:1。例如设置为10:1；12:1；15:1；或者甚至20：1等等。出风口的长度设置还可以参考视窗的尺寸来设置，例如设置为等于或大体上等于视窗的Y向尺寸。在X方向上，气嘴底座31的第一出风端面341突出于气嘴盖板32的第二出风端面342， 突出的距离f大于等于1mm。也就是说，在X方向上，出风口上边缘突出于出风口的下边缘，从而有利于压制气流向上扩散消耗。或者，有利于压制气流向偏离视窗的方向上扩散。例如，在平面视窗竖直设置的情况下，上述限定的坐标系的Z向与自然坐标系中的上下方向不再是一个方向。Z向是自然坐标系中的水平方向，具体是垂直于平面视窗，且远离平面视窗的方向。
在一个实施例中，如图12所示，整流气室38的Z向上壁381与Z向下壁382之间的夹角在3°至7°的范围内。这有利于提高出风口处的空气流速。例如，Z向上壁381与Z向下壁382之间的夹角，可以理解为Z向上壁381限定的平面与Z向下壁382限定的平面之间的夹角e，该夹角e的大小可以为4°、5°或6°。
上述气嘴的的结构设计，使得能够最大程度地保留脉冲气流初始气压值的前提下实现气流整流，避免损耗，提高吹除形式的清洁效率，缩减模块体量，提高自清洁模块在不同产品上兼容性。根据本公开的用于清洁镜头视窗的气嘴，能够实现以喷射气流的方式来提高视窗清洁的效率，并且能够避免损伤镜头视窗，而且此种清洁方式的适用范围较大，除了适用于平面视窗之外，还能够适用于球罩类、异形面视窗。
本公开的实施例还提供一种摄像机，摄像机包括镜头视窗和如上所述的用于清洁镜头视窗的气嘴或者如上所述的喷气清洁系统。
举例来说，如图12所示，根据本公开一实施例的摄像机带有镜头视窗以及气嘴3。气嘴3具有整流气室38、位于整流气室38的进气侧的进气口33和位于整流气室38的出气侧的出风口34，其中，以下述方式建立三维坐标系：以从进气侧指向出气侧的方向为X方向，出风口34的长度方向为Y方向，垂直于X方向和Y方向的方向为Z方向，气嘴3的出风口34对准镜头视窗，该摄像机配置为：出气侧流出气体用于清洁镜头视窗。
出风口的长度方向，是指出风口的纵向方向。出风口大体上可以理解为是整流气室的出气端部。从出气侧观察，出风口的形状大体为矩形，但是出风口的形状并不限于矩形。例如，对于半球形视窗，出风口的中部处可以设置有较大的Z向尺寸，而两端处设置有较小的Z向尺寸。
对于图示的镜头视窗为平面视窗4的实施例，气嘴3的长度方向可以设置为平行于平面视窗4的外表面所限定的平面。
参见图12，整流气室38的Z向下壁382限定的平面平行于平面视窗的外表面所限定的平面，整流气室的Z向上壁与Z向下壁之间的夹角在3°至7°的范围内。如图12所示， Z向下壁382实际上是气嘴盖板32的上表面。Z向上壁381实际上是气嘴底座31的下表面。
在一个实施例中，整流气室38的Z向上壁381限定的平面与平面视窗的外表面所限定的平面的相交线与平面视窗的中心点的距离小于等于平面视窗的最大径向尺寸的1/3。这有利于将清洁气流主要引导到视窗的中间部位，从而提高清洁的效率。
在一个可选实施例中，整流气室的Z向上壁限定的平面与平面视窗的外表面所限定的平面的相交线，位于平面视窗的中心点的邻近出风口的一侧。这有利于更充分地利用气流的动能。
参见图12，整流气室的Z向下壁限定的平面在Z向上高于平面视窗的外表面所限定的平面，且在整流气室的Z向下壁的邻近出风口34的位置处设置有引导斜面321，引导斜面321向平面视窗所限定的平面倾斜。从而，在出风口处适当扩散气流，提高气流的直接覆盖面积。引导斜面321可以设置为平行于Z向上壁限定的平面。或者设置为相对于Z向上壁限定的平面倾斜一个较小的角度，例如1-3度的角度，从而形成一个超外张开的开口。此处的朝外是指朝着整流气室之外。
在一个可选实施例中，引导斜面321与平面视窗所限定的平面之间的相交线邻近平面视窗的-X方向(负X方向)上的边缘。
气嘴3的边缘与平面视窗之间的X向距离g可以根据需要设置。可选地，气嘴3的边缘与平面视窗之间的X向距离g大于等于0，且小于等于1.5cm。例如，g设置为等于1cm。从而提高整个结构的紧凑型，并提高气流的利用效率。
镜头视窗还能够为半球形视窗。镜头视窗为半球形视窗，整流气室38的Z向上壁381限定的平面与半球形视窗的外表面突出顶点处所限定的切平面的相交线，与半球形视窗的外表面突出顶点的距离小于等于半球形视窗的半径的1/5。从而，集中将气流引导至突出顶点处，提高清洁效率。
如前所述，对于半球形视窗，可以对出风口的形状进行优化，即在出风口的中部处设置较大的Z向尺寸，而在其两端处设置较小的Z向尺寸。
最后需要指出的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案，而非对其限制。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本公开各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种摄像机，包括：
    镜头视窗；
    气嘴，所述气嘴包括：
    气嘴腔体，其限定一个整流气室(38)；
    进气口(33)，其位于所述整流气室(38)的进气侧，且与所述整流气室(38)的进气侧连通，所述进气口(33)的截面为圆形；
    出风口(34)，其位于所述整流气室(38)的出气侧，且与所述整流气室(38)的出气侧连通；
    其中，以下述方式建立三维坐标系：从进气侧指向出气侧的方向为X方向，出风口(34)的长度方向为Y方向，垂直于X方向和Y方向的方向为Z方向，
    在X方向上，从所述进气侧到出气侧，所述整流气室(38)在Y方向上的尺寸逐渐增大；在Z方向上的尺寸逐渐减小；
    所述摄像机配置为：所述出气侧流出气体用于清洁所述镜头视窗。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的摄像机，其中，所述进气口(32)的中心轴线在所述X方向上，所述出风口(34)在Y方向上的尺寸与Z方向上的尺寸之比大于等于10:1。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的摄像机，其中，在所述气嘴腔体内设置有一条或更多条竖向筋(35)，所述竖向筋(35)沿着Z方向延伸，将所述整流气室分为多个子气室(37)，每个子气室从进气口(33)延伸至出风口(34)。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的摄像机，其中，在所述气嘴腔体内设置有两条竖向筋(35)，所述竖向筋(35)沿着Z方向延伸，将所述整流气室分为三个子气室，每个子气室从进气口(33)延伸至出风口(34)，
    其中，所述两条竖向筋(35)关于中分所述整流气室的X-Z平面对称。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的摄像机，其中，每条竖向筋(35)包括相互连接的斜向筋段(351)和平行筋段(352)，其中，平行筋段(352)邻近出风口(34)，斜向筋段(351)邻近进气口(33)，
    所述平行筋段垂直于Y轴；
    所述斜向筋段(351)与平行筋段(352)之间的夹角为钝角；两条竖向筋(35)的斜向筋段(351)之间的夹角(A)小于等于60度。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的摄像机，其中，两条竖向筋(35)的平行筋段(352)将出风口(34)在Y向上分为三段，三段的长度比为3-4.5:5:3-4.5。
  7. 如权利要求3-6中任一项所述的摄像机，其中，在所述进气口(3)与气嘴腔体衔接处，所述竖向筋(35)将进气口(3)均分。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的摄像机，其中，在所述进气口(3)与气嘴腔体衔接处，在X方向上，所述竖向筋(35)伸入至所述进气口内，深入的长度大于等于1mm。
  9. 如权利要求5或6所述的摄像机，其中，所述气嘴腔体包括相互连接的两条倾斜侧壁(311)和两条平行侧壁(312)，其中，所述倾斜侧壁(311)和平行侧壁(312)沿着Z方向延伸，且每条平行侧壁(312)邻近出风口(34)，每条倾斜侧壁(311)邻近进气口，
    所述平行侧壁(312)垂直于Y轴；
    所述斜向筋段(351)与相连的平行侧壁(312)之间的夹角为钝角；两条倾斜侧壁(311)之间的夹角(A)大于90度，小于等于150度。
  10. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的摄像机，其中，所述进气口(33)处设置有进气孔(331)，所述进气孔(331)为圆锥形孔，其轴线平行于X方向，在从进气侧(33)指向出气侧的方向上，所述进气孔(331)的直径逐渐增大。
  11. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的摄像机，其中，所述出风口(34)的Z向尺寸h按下述方式设置：
    0.4mm＜h＜0.6mm；
    在X方向上，所述气嘴底座(31)的第一出风端面(341)突出于所述气嘴盖板(32)的第二出风端面(342)，突出的距离大于等于1mm。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的摄像机，其中，所述整流气室(38)的Z向上壁(381)与Z向下壁(382)之间的夹角在3°至7°的范围内。
PCT/CN2022/095613 2021-11-03 2022-05-27 摄像机 WO2023077781A1 (zh)

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