WO2023077674A1 - 汽水分离器及余热导出系统 - Google Patents
汽水分离器及余热导出系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023077674A1 WO2023077674A1 PCT/CN2022/071567 CN2022071567W WO2023077674A1 WO 2023077674 A1 WO2023077674 A1 WO 2023077674A1 CN 2022071567 W CN2022071567 W CN 2022071567W WO 2023077674 A1 WO2023077674 A1 WO 2023077674A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- steam
- air
- separator
- heat exchanger
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising gravity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/18—Cleaning-out devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
Definitions
- the present application relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a steam-water separator and a waste heat exporting system.
- the conventional steam-water separator is located under the dryer and the gravity separation space in the steam generator of the nuclear power plant, and its function is to remove the water suspended in the steam that cannot be drained through the trap.
- the working condition of the steam saturation state and it does not have the function of fragmenting large air bubbles, and thus cannot reduce the corrosion effect of cavitation on pipeline components.
- a steam-water separator and a waste heat removal system are provided.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a steam-water separator, including: a separator body, a first accommodation chamber is arranged in the separator body, a water inlet communicating with the first accommodation chamber is arranged at one end of the separator body, and a There are a plurality of first connecting holes communicating with the first containing cavity; and a plurality of first connecting pipes, the number of the first connecting pipes is equal to the number of the first connecting holes, and the first connecting pipes and the first connecting holes are one by one corresponding connection.
- the separator body includes a shell and a bottom plate, the shell is connected to the bottom plate and defines a first accommodation cavity, the water inlet is set on the bottom plate, and the first connection hole is set on the shell.
- it further includes a second connecting pipe, one end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the second connecting pipe is provided with an internal thread.
- a reinforcement rib is further included, the shape of the reinforcement rib is a right triangle, and the two right angle sides of the reinforcement rib are respectively connected to the bottom plate and the second connecting pipe.
- the multiple reinforcing ribs are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the second connecting pipe.
- it further includes a plurality of nozzles, the number of the nozzles is equal to the number of the first connecting pipes, and the nozzles are connected to the first connecting pipes in one-to-one correspondence.
- the plurality of nozzles are threadedly connected to the first connecting pipe.
- the sum of the opening areas of the plurality of nozzles is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second connecting pipe.
- the opening area of each nozzle increases sequentially from the end away from the housing to the end connected to the housing.
- the top opening diameter of the nozzle located at the top of the housing is smaller than the top opening diameter of the nozzle located at the bottom of the housing.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a waste heat removal system, including: the above-mentioned steam-water separator.
- it also includes: a water tank, the water tank is provided with a second accommodating chamber and an air outlet communicating with the second accommodating chamber, and the steam-water separator is arranged in the second accommodating chamber;
- the third storage chamber for accommodating cooling water and the fourth accommodating chamber for accommodating high-pressure nitrogen;
- the water outlets of the heater communicate with the first storage chamber and the fourth storage chamber respectively.
- it also includes: a first control valve, the first control valve is arranged at the water inlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger to control the connection between the water inlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the third storage chamber; and The second control valve.
- the second control valve is arranged at the water outlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger to control the connection between the water outlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger and the fourth storage chamber.
- it further includes: a first isolation valve, the two ends of the first isolation valve communicate with the second accommodation chamber and the water inlet end of the check valve respectively; a second isolation valve, the One end of the second isolation valve communicates with the steam-water separator, and the other end communicates with the second control valve and the water outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger respectively; and a check valve, one end of the check valve It communicates with the second accommodating chamber, and the other end communicates with the first control valve and the water inlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger respectively.
- a steam-water separator and a waste heat exporting system of the present application include a separator body and a first connecting pipe, a first accommodation chamber is provided in the separator body, and a water inlet communicating with the first accommodation chamber is provided at one end of the separator body , the separator body is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes communicating with the first containing cavity, and a plurality of first connecting pipes are provided, the number of the first connecting pipes is equal to the number of the first connecting holes, and the first connecting pipes are connected with the first connecting holes.
- the first connection holes are connected in one-to-one correspondence.
- the steam-water mixture enters the first storage chamber, and the first storage chamber is separated from the cold water area outside the separator body by the separator body, so cavitation does not occur in the first storage chamber.
- the steam-water mixture will produce a stratification effect in the first chamber, the lighter gas will gather at the top of the steam-water separator, and the heavier liquid will gather in the steam-water separator
- the gas at the top enters the external environment through the first connecting pipe on the separator body, and the liquid at the lower part also enters the external environment through the first connecting pipe on the separator body and enters the external environment
- the size of the air bubbles is limited by the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe, thereby achieving the function of breaking larger air bubbles and reducing the cavitation phenomenon, and finally solving the problem that the steam-water separator in the prior art cannot reduce the cavitation phenomenon.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a steam-water separator provided by an embodiment of the present application
- Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the vapor-water separator that another embodiment of the present application provides.
- Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a waste heat removal system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
- the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
- “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
- a first feature being "on” or “under” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are indirect through an intermediary. touch.
- “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
- “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
- Baffle type-baffle or folded plate separator is composed of many baffles.
- the fluid changes the flow direction many times in the separator. Since the suspended water droplets have a large mass and inertia, when the flow direction of the baffles changes, Dry steam can bypass the baffle and continue forward, while water droplets will accumulate on the baffle.
- the steam-water separator has a large flow area, which reduces the kinetic energy of the water droplets. Most of them will condense and finally fall to the bottom of the separator. , discharged through the trap.
- Cyclonic - A cyclonic or centrifugal type separator uses a series of fins to create a high velocity cyclone, which rotates the flowing steam at high speed within the separator.
- Adsorption type - There is an obstacle on the steam channel inside the adsorption type separator, which is usually a metal mesh pad.
- the suspended water droplets will be adsorbed after encountering it. When the water droplets are large enough to a certain extent, they will fall to the bottom of the separator due to gravity.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam-water separator provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a steam-water separator 10 , including a separator body 100 and a first connecting pipe 200 , the separator body 100 is provided with a first accommodation chamber 110 , and one end of the separator body 100 A water inlet 120 communicating with the first receiving chamber 110 is provided, and a plurality of first connecting holes 130 communicating with the first receiving chamber 110 are provided on the separator body 100, and the plurality of first connecting holes 130 can be evenly spaced from each other. on the entire surface of the separator body 100.
- a plurality of first connection holes 130 may also be provided on part of the surface of the separator body 100 .
- first connecting pipes 200 There are multiple first connecting pipes 200 , the number of the first connecting pipes 200 is equal to the number of the first connecting holes 130 , and the first connecting pipes 200 are connected to the first connecting holes 130 in a one-to-one correspondence.
- One end of the first connecting pipe 200 can be welded on the first connecting hole 130, and the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 200 can be about 3 cm.
- the steam-water separator 10 When the steam-water separator 10 is used, it is usually immersed in a cold source water pool as a heat sink.
- the steam-water mixture is connected to the water inlet 120 through the hot water outlet pipe of the waste heat export system, and the hot water Enter the first accommodation chamber 110 through the water inlet 120, the first accommodation chamber 110 is separated from the cold water area outside the separator body 100 by the separator body 100, so cavitation does not occur in the first accommodation chamber 110, Under the combined effect of the barrier of the separator body 100 and the buoyancy of the bubbles, the steam-water mixture will produce a stratification effect in the first containing chamber 110, the lighter gas will gather at the top of the steam-water separator 10, and the heavier liquid will gather at the top of the steam-water separator 10.
- the lower part of the steam-water separator 10 realizes the separation of the steam-water mixture.
- the gas at the top enters the external environment through the first connecting pipe 200 on the separator body 100, and the liquid in the lower part also passes through the first connecting pipe on the separator body 100.
- 200 enters the external environment, and the size of the air bubbles entering the external environment is limited by the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 200, thereby realizing the function of breaking larger air bubbles and reducing cavitation, finally solving the problem of soda water in the prior art
- the separator 10 does not reduce the problem of the corrosive effects of cavitation on piping components.
- the separator body 100 includes a housing 140 and a bottom plate 150.
- the housing 140 can be in the shape of a semi-ellipsoid or a cone, thereby obtaining an ellipsoidal steam-water separator 10 or a conical steam-water separator 10.
- the housing 140 is connected with the bottom plate 150 and encloses the first receiving cavity 110, the water inlet 120 is set on the bottom plate 150, the first connecting hole 130 is set on the housing 140, and a plurality of first connecting holes 130 can be evenly spaced from each other.
- the entire surface of the housing 140 in order to ensure the overall rigidity of the housing 140, a plurality of first connecting holes 130 may also be provided on a part of the surface of the housing 140.
- the specific design can be flexibly designed according to the actual situation, which is not limited here.
- the steam-water separator 10 further includes a second connecting pipe 300 , and one end of the second connecting pipe 300 is connected to the water inlet 120 .
- one end of the second connecting pipe 300 can be welded to the bottom plate 120 to connect the second connecting pipe 300 with the water inlet 120, and further connect the second connecting pipe 300 with the first receiving chamber 110.
- waste heat is dissipated The hot water in the system flows into the first receiving chamber 110 through the second connecting pipe 300 .
- the other end of the second connecting pipe 300 is provided with an internal thread 310, and the hot water pipe in the waste heat exporting system can be provided with an external thread, so that the hot water pipe in the waste heat exporting system is threadedly connected with the second connecting pipe 300, and finally the The steam-water separator 10 in the embodiment of the present application is connected to the waste heat exporting system.
- the steam-water separator 10 further includes a reinforcing rib 400 , the shape of the reinforcing rib 400 is a right triangle, and two right-angled sides of the reinforcing rib 400 are respectively connected to the bottom plate 150 and the second connecting pipe 300 .
- the surface of the bottom plate 150 is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension direction of the second connecting pipe 300 so as to connect the two right-angled sides of the reinforcing rib 400 to an outer surface of the bottom plate 150 away from the first accommodating cavity 110 and the second connecting pipe 300 respectively.
- the two right-angle sides of the reinforcing rib 400 can be welded to the bottom plate 150 and the second connecting pipe 300 respectively, and the setting of the reinforcing rib 400 can increase the structural stability between the bottom plate 150 and the second connecting pipe 300 .
- the reinforcing rib 400 is a thin stainless steel sheet, and there may be multiple reinforcing ribs 400 , and the multiple reinforcing ribs 400 may be arranged in a circular array around the axis of the second connecting pipe 300 .
- Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam-water separator provided in another embodiment of the present application.
- the steam-water separator 10 further includes a plurality of nozzles 500 , the number of the nozzles 500 is the same as that of the first connecting pipe 200 The numbers are equal, and the nozzles 500 are connected to the first connecting pipes 200 in one-to-one correspondence.
- the nozzle 500 and the first connecting pipe 200 can be threadedly connected.
- the first connecting pipe 200 is provided with external threads
- the nozzle 500 is provided with internal threads.
- the sum of the opening areas of the multiple nozzles 500 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second connecting pipe 300 to reduce the overall resistance of the steam-water separator 10 in the embodiment of the present application.
- the opening area of each nozzle 500 increases sequentially along the end away from the housing 140 to the end connected to the housing 140 .
- the length of the nozzle 500 can be set to about 10 cm.
- the lower half of the nozzle 500 can be cylindrical, and the upper half can be conical, and the conical part of the nozzle 500 is open from one end away from the housing 140 to the end connected to the housing 140 The area increases sequentially.
- the gas at the top enters the external environment through the nozzle 500, and the liquid at the bottom also enters the external environment through the nozzle 500.
- the size of the bubbles entering the external environment is affected by the nozzle.
- the inner diameter of 500 is limited, so as to realize the function of breaking larger air bubbles and reduce the effect of cavitation.
- the diameter of the top opening of the nozzle 500 installed on the top of the housing 140 is smaller than that of the top opening of the nozzle 500 installed at the bottom of the housing 140, that is, as the height of the housing 140 decreases, the opening of the nozzle 500 will The diameter gradually increases, and the diameter of the top opening of the nozzle 500 can be set between 0.5 cm and 2 cm.
- a steam-water separator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a separator body 100 and a first connecting pipe 200.
- the steam-water separator 10 When the steam-water separator 10 is used, it is usually immersed in a cold source water pool as a heat sink.
- the steam-water mixture is connected to the water inlet 120 through the hot water outlet pipe of the waste heat export system, and the hot water enters the first storage chamber 110 through the water inlet 120, and the steam-water mixture is stratified in the first storage chamber 110 Effect, the lighter gas gathers at the top of the steam-water separator 10, and the heavier liquid gathers at the lower part of the steam-water separator 10, thereby realizing the separation of the steam-water mixture.
- the gas at the top passes through the first connection on the separator body 100
- the pipe 200 enters the external environment, and the liquid in the lower part also enters the external environment through the first connecting pipe 200 on the separator body 100.
- the size of the air bubbles entering the external environment is limited by the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 200, so that the larger air bubbles
- the crushing function achieves the effect of reducing the cavitation phenomenon, and finally solves the problem that the steam-water separator 10 in the prior art cannot reduce the corrosion effect of the cavitation phenomenon on the pipeline components.
- Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a waste heat removal system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the embodiment of the present application also provides a waste heat removal system, including the above-mentioned steam-water separator 10 .
- the waste heat removal system includes a water tank 600 , a start-up tank 700 , an air-cooled heat exchanger 800 and the aforementioned steam-water separator 10 .
- the water tank 600 is provided with a second accommodating chamber 610 and an air outlet 620 communicating with the second accommodating chamber 610 .
- the low-temperature cold water in the second storage chamber 610 is used as the heat transfer medium and cooling source for the operation of the waste heat export system in the embodiment of the present application.
- the specific amount of water can be determined according to the needs of different reactors.
- the generated water vapor will enter the external atmosphere through the air outlet 620, making the external atmosphere a final heat sink, thereby exporting waste heat to the external environment.
- the steam-water separator 10 is disposed in the second accommodating chamber 610 .
- a small sinkhole can be provided at the bottom of the water tank 600.
- the height of the pit is slightly larger than the height of the steam-water separator 10, and the width is about 2 to 3 times the maximum width of the steam-water separator 10, so that the steam-water separator 10 is fully submersible in the sinkhole.
- the waste heat export system will stop running, and the arrangement of the sinkhole can make the water source in the water tank 600 fully utilized, leaving only a small amount volume of water that cannot be completely evaporated.
- a third accommodating cavity 710 for accommodating cooling water and a fourth accommodating cavity 720 for accommodating high-pressure nitrogen gas are separated in the starting box 700 .
- the water inlet end of the air-cooling heat exchanger 800 communicates with the second accommodation chamber 610 and the third accommodation chamber 710 respectively, and the water outlet end of the air-cooling heat exchanger 800 communicates with the first accommodation chamber 110 and the fourth accommodation chamber 720 respectively.
- the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 is designed with heat exchange tubes.
- the inside of the tube is cold water, and the outside of the tube is the containment 40 atmosphere.
- the function is to transfer the energy of the high-temperature gas mixture in the containment 40 to the cold water inside the heat exchange tube to Cold water inside for heating.
- the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 can use finned heat exchange tubes.
- multiple air-cooled heat The heat exchangers 800 are connected in parallel.
- the residual heat removal system further includes a first control valve 20 and a second control valve 30 .
- the first control valve 20 is arranged at the water inlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 to control the connection between the water inlet end of the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 and the third receiving chamber 710 .
- the first control valve 20 is opened, the cold water in the third accommodating chamber 710 flows into the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 to speed up the heat exchange speed of the air-cooled heat exchanger 800.
- the first control valve 20 is closed, the third accommodating chamber The cold water in 710 cannot flow into the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 .
- the second control valve 30 is arranged at the water outlet end of the air-cooling heat exchanger 800 to control the connection between the water outlet end of the air-cooling heat exchanger 800 and the fourth receiving chamber 720 .
- the second control valve 30 is opened, the high-pressure nitrogen in the fourth containing chamber 720 flows out.
- the waste heat export system further includes a first isolation valve 50, a second isolation valve 60 and a check valve 70, and the second isolation valve One end of 60 communicates with the steam-water separator 10, and the other end communicates with the second control valve 30 and the water outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 respectively, so as to control the connection between the steam-water separator 10 and the second control valve 30 and the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 respectively.
- one end of the check valve 70 communicates with the second accommodating chamber 610, the other end communicates with the first control valve 20 and the water inlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 respectively, and the two ends of the first isolation valve 50 communicate respectively.
- the water inlet end of the second accommodation chamber 610 and the check valve 70 is used to control the connection between the second accommodation chamber 610 and the water inlet end of the check valve 70 .
- the flow of cooling water in the heat exchange tube of the air-cooled heat exchanger 800 is accelerated, which strengthens the heat-carrying capacity of the air-cooled heat exchanger 800, and the heated cooling water flows into the water tank 600 through the steam-water separator 10 .
- the first control valve 20 is automatically closed by the low liquid level signal of the starter box 700, and the second control valve 30 is opened to inject high-pressure nitrogen into the fourth chamber 720 of the starter box 700. pipeline. After the nitrogen injection is finished, when the pressure in the starting box 700 is lower than the set pressure value, the second control valve 30 is closed.
- the openings of the first control valve 20 and the second control valve 30 can be automatically controlled.
- the opening of the first control valve 20 gradually increases from small to maintain the flow rate of water injection within a relatively small range to prolong the water injection process.
- the second control valve The opening of 30 is gradually increased from small to maintain the gas injection flow rate in a relatively small range to prolong the gas injection process.
- the hot water flows into the water tank 600 through the pipeline through the steam-water separator 10, and the water vapor generated when the cold water in the water tank 600 boils will pass through the air outlet 620 Entering the external atmospheric environment, making the external atmospheric environment the ultimate heat sink, thereby exporting waste heat to the external environment.
- the density of the water in the hot water pipe 90 is lower than the density of the water in the cold water pipe 80, so that the water in the cold water pipe 80 and the hot water pipe A pressure difference is generated between 90, and then the cooling water is driven to circulate along the water tank 600-cold water pipe 80-air-cooled heat exchanger 800-hot water pipe 90-water tank 600.
- the steam-water mixture produces a stratification effect in the steam-water separator 10, the lighter gas gathers at the top of the steam-water separator 10, and the heavier liquid gathers at the bottom of the steam-water separator 10, thereby realizing the separation of the steam-water mixture.
- the larger air bubbles are crushed into small air bubbles under the action of the steam-water separator 10, so as to reduce the effect of cavitation, and then reduce the corrosion effect of cavitation on the hot water pipeline 90.
- the waste heat derivation system provided by the embodiment of the present application is driven by the high-pressure energy storage of the starter box 700 and the fluid density difference in the cold water pipe 80 and the hot water pipe 90. It does not require the input of active energy, has high safety and reliability, and does not require human intervention. Afterwards, the heat in the containment vessel 40 is continuously exported to ensure that the pressure in the containment vessel 40 does not exceed the safety limit and ensure that radioactive substances are contained in the containment vessel 40 .
- the waste heat removal system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned steam-water separator 10 , and the steam-water separator 10 includes a separator body 100 and a first connecting pipe 200 .
- the hot water in the waste heat export system passes through the steam-water separator 10.
- the hot water is a mixture of steam and water.
- the steam-water mixture produces a stratification effect in the separator body 100.
- the lighter gas collects at the top of the separator body 100, and the heavier gas The liquid gathers in the lower part of the separator body 100, thereby realizing the separation of the steam-water mixture.
- the larger air bubbles in the gas are limited by the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 200, thereby realizing the function of breaking the larger air bubbles and reducing the steam-water mixture.
- the role of corrosion phenomenon thereby reducing the corrosion effect of cavitation on the pipes in the waste heat export system.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
一种汽水分离器(10)及余热导出系统,包括分离器本体(100)和第一连接管(200),分离器本体(100)内设有第一容纳腔(110),分离器本体(100)的一端设有与第一容纳腔(110)连通的进水口(120),分离器本体(100)上设有与第一容纳腔(110)连通的多个第一连接孔(130),第一连接管(200)设有多个,第一连接管(200)的数量与第一连接孔(130)的数量相等,第一连接管(200)与第一连接孔(130)一一对应连接。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年11月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111306461.8、发明名称为“汽水分离器及余热导出系统”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及核电技术领域,特别是涉及一种汽水分离器及余热导出系统。
常规汽水分离器位于核电站蒸汽发生器中干燥器和重力分离空间的下面,其作用是除去不能通过疏水阀排掉的悬浮在蒸汽中的水分,一般用于蒸汽系统中的汽水分离器仅适用于蒸汽饱和状态的工况,而且不具备将大气泡碎化的功能,进而不能减小汽蚀现象对管道部件产生的腐蚀效应。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种示例性实施例,提供一种汽水分离器及余热导出系统。
本申请实施例提供了一种汽水分离器,包括:分离器本体,分离器本体内设有第一容纳腔,分离器本体的一端设有与第一容纳腔连通的进水口,分离器本体上设有与第一容纳腔连通的多个第一连接孔;及多个第一连接管,第一连接管的数量与第一连接孔的数量相等,第一连接管与第一连接孔一一对应连接。
在其中一个实施例中,分离器本体包括壳体和底板,壳体与底板连接并围设出第一容纳腔,进水口设于底板上,第一连接孔设于壳体上。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括第二连接管,第二连接管的一端连接进水口,第二连接管的另一端设有内螺纹。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括加强筋,加强筋的形状为直角三角形,加强筋的两条直角边分别连接底板和第二连接管。
在其中一个实施例中,所述加强筋为多个,所述多个加强筋绕所述第二连接管的轴线环形阵列设置。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括多个喷嘴,喷嘴的数量与第一连接管的数量相等,喷嘴与第一连接管一一对应连接。
在其中一个实施例中,所述多个喷嘴与所述第一连接管之间螺纹连接。
在其中一个实施例中,多个喷嘴的开口面积总和大于第二连接管的截面积。
在其中一个实施例中,沿远离壳体的一端到与壳体连接的一端,各喷嘴的开口面积依次增大。
在其中一个实施例中,位于所述壳体顶部的所述喷嘴的顶部开口直径比位于所述壳体底部的所述喷嘴的顶部开口直径小。
本申请实施例还提供了一种余热导出系统,包括:如上述的汽水分离器。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括:水箱,水箱设有第二容纳腔和与第二容纳腔连通的出气口,汽水分离器设于第二容纳腔内;启动箱,启动箱内间隔设有用于容纳冷却水的第三容纳腔和用于容纳高压氮气的第四容纳腔;及空冷换热器,空冷换热器的进水端分别与第二容纳腔和第三容纳腔连通,空冷换热器的出水端分别与第一容纳腔和第四容纳腔连通。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括:第一控制阀,第一控制阀设于空冷换热器的进水端,以控制空冷换热器的进水端与第三容纳腔的通断;及第二控制阀,第二控制阀设于空冷换热器的出水端,以控制空冷换热器的出水端与第四容纳腔的通断。
在其中一个实施例中,还包括:第一隔离阀,所述第一隔离阀的两端分别连通所述第二容纳腔和所述止回阀的进水端;第二隔离阀,所述第二隔离阀的一端与所述汽水分离器连通,另一端分别与所述第二控制阀和所述空冷换热器的所述出水端连通;及止回阀,所述止回阀的一端与所述第二容纳腔 连通,另一端分别与所述第一控制阀和所述空冷换热器的所述进水端连通。
本申请的一种汽水分离器及余热导出系统,包括分离器本体和第一连接管,分离器本体内设有第一容纳腔,分离器本体的一端设有与第一容纳腔连通的进水口,分离器本体上设有多个与第一容纳腔连通的第一连接孔,第一连接管设有多个,第一连接管的数量与第一连接孔的数量相等,第一连接管与第一连接孔一一对应连接。汽水分离器在使用过程中汽水混合物进入第一容纳腔内,第一容纳腔与分离器本体外部的冷水区通过分离器本体分隔开,因此在第一容纳腔内不会发生汽蚀现象,在分离器本体的阻隔和汽泡浮力的共同作用下,汽水混合物将在第一容纳腔内产生分层效应,较轻的气体汇集在汽水分离器的顶部,较重的液体聚集在汽水分离器的下部,进而实现汽水混合物的分离,同时,顶部的气体通过分离器本体上的第一连接管进入外部环境,下部的液体也通过分离器本体上的第一连接管进入外部环境,进入外部环境的气泡大小因受到了第一连接管的内径限制,从而实现将较大气泡破碎的功能,达到降低汽蚀现象的作用,最终解决了现有技术中的汽水分离器不能减小汽蚀现象对管道部件产生的腐蚀效应的问题。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或传统技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或传统技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的汽水分离器的结构示意图;
图2为本申请另一个实施例提供的汽水分离器的结构示意图;及
图3为本申请实施例提供的余热导出系统的结构框图。
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图 对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请。但是本申请能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本申请内涵的情况下做类似改进,因此本申请不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系,除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触,或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且,第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是,当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件,它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件,它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的,并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
现有技术中的汽水分离器主要分为以下三种类型:
挡板型-挡板或折板式分离器由很多挡板构成,流体在分离器内多次改变流动方向,由于悬浮的水滴有较大的质量和惯性,当遇到挡板流动方向改变时,干蒸汽可以绕过挡板继续向前,而水滴就会积聚在挡板上,汽水分离器有很大的通流面积,减少了水滴的动能,大部分都会凝聚,最后落到分离器的底部,通过疏水阀排出。
汽旋型-汽旋或离心型分离器使用了一连串肋片以便产生高速气旋,在分离器内高速旋转流动的蒸汽。
吸附型-吸附型分离器内部的蒸汽通道上有一个阻碍物,一般是一个金属网垫,悬浮的水滴遇到它后被吸附,水滴大到一定程度后,由于重力作用落到分离器底部。
以上类型的汽水分离器均仅适用于蒸汽饱和状态的工况,而且不具备将大气泡碎化的功能,进而不能减小汽蚀现象对管道部件产生的腐蚀效应。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的汽水分离器的结构示意图。
如图1所示,本申请实施例提供了一种汽水分离器10,包括分离器本体100和第一连接管200,分离器本体100内设有第一容纳腔110,分离器本体100的一端设有与第一容纳腔110连通的进水口120,分离器本体100上设有与第一容纳腔110连通的多个第一连接孔130,多个第一连接孔130可彼此间隔均匀地设于分离器本体100的整个表面。在另一些实施例中,为保证分离器本体100整体刚度,多个第一连接孔130也可设于分离器本体100的部分表面。第一连接管200设有多个,第一连接管200的数量与第一连接孔130的数量相等,第一连接管200与第一连接孔130一一对应连接。第一连接管 200的一端可焊接于第一连接孔130上,第一连接管200的内径可在3cm左右。
汽水分离器10使用时通常浸泡在作为热阱的冷源水池中,本申请实施例中的汽水分离器10在使用过程中汽水混合物通过余热导出系统的热水出口管连接进水口120,热水通过进水口120进入第一容纳腔110内,第一容纳腔110与分离器本体100外部的冷水区通过分离器本体100分隔开,因此在第一容纳腔110内不会发生汽蚀现象,在分离器本体100的阻隔和汽泡浮力的共同作用下,汽水混合物将在第一容纳腔110内产生分层效应,较轻的气体汇集在汽水分离器10的顶部,较重的液体聚集在汽水分离器10的下部,进而实现汽水混合物的分离,同时,顶部的气体通过分离器本体100上的第一连接管200进入外部环境,下部的液体也通过分离器本体100上的第一连接管200进入外部环境,进入外部环境的气泡大小因受到了第一连接管200的内径限制,从而实现将较大气泡破碎的功能,达到降低汽蚀现象的作用,最终解决了现有技术中的汽水分离器10不能减小汽蚀现象对管道部件产生的腐蚀效应的问题。
在一些实施例中,分离器本体100包括壳体140和底板150,壳体140可呈半椭球状或圆锥状,从而得到椭球形的汽水分离器10或圆锥形的汽水分离器10,壳体140与底板150连接并围设出第一容纳腔110,进水口120设于底板150上,第一连接孔130设于壳体140上,多个第一连接孔130可彼此间隔均匀地设于壳体140的整个表面。在另一些实施例中,为保证壳体140整体刚度,多个第一连接孔130也可设于壳体140的部分表面,具体设计可根据实际情况做灵活设计,在此不做限定。
为方便连接余热导出系统中的热水管,在一些实施例中,汽水分离器10还包括第二连接管300,第二连接管300的一端连接进水口120。具体地,第二连接管300的一端可焊接于底板120,以将第二连接管300与进水口120连通,进而将第二连接管300与第一容纳腔110连通,使用过程中,余热导出系统中热水通过第二连接管300流入第一容纳腔110。第二连接管300的 另一端设有内螺纹310,余热导出系统中的热水管可设有外螺纹,以此将余热导出系统中的热水管与第二连接管300螺纹连接,最终将本申请实施例中的汽水分离器10连接于余热导出系统。
在一些实施例中,汽水分离器10还包括加强筋400,加强筋400的形状为直角三角形,加强筋400的两条直角边分别连接底板150和第二连接管300。具体地,底板150的表面垂直于第二连接管300的纵长延伸方向,以将加强筋400的两条直角边分别连接底板150远离第一容纳腔110的一个外表面和第二连接管300的侧面,加强筋400的两条直角边可分别焊接于底板150和第二连接管300,加强筋400的设置能够增加底板150与第二连接管300之间的结构稳定性。在其他实施例中,加强筋400为不锈钢薄片,加强筋400可设有多个,多个加强筋400可绕第二连接管300的轴线环形阵列设置。
图2为本申请另一个实施例提供的汽水分离器的结构示意图。
如图2所示,在另一个实施例中,为使第一容纳腔110内的气体喷射的距离较远,汽水分离器10还包括多个喷嘴500,喷嘴500的数量与第一连接管200的数量相等,喷嘴500与第一连接管200一一对应连接。喷嘴500与第一连接管200之间可采用螺纹连接,具体地,第一连接管200上设有外螺纹,喷嘴500上设有内螺纹,通过喷嘴500与第一连接管200之间螺纹连接的方式,使得喷嘴500通过旋转拧紧的方式固定在第一连接管200上,以便于喷嘴500的拆卸更换。
多个喷嘴500的开口面积总和大于第二连接管300的截面积,以减小本申请实施例中的汽水分离器10的整体阻力。沿远离壳体140的一端到与壳体140连接的一端,各喷嘴500的开口面积依次增大。喷嘴500的长度可设为10cm左右。在另一个实施例中,喷嘴500的下半部分可呈圆筒形,上半部分可呈圆锥形,喷嘴500的圆锥形部分从沿远离壳体140的一端到与壳体140连接的一端开口面积依次增大,热水进入第一容纳腔110产生分层效应以后,顶部的气体通过喷嘴500进入外部环境,下部的液体也通过喷嘴500进入外部环境,进入外部环境的气泡大小因受到了喷嘴500的内径限制,从而实现 将较大气泡破碎的功能,达到降低汽蚀现象的作用。
此外,为了提高汽水分离效率,安装在壳体140顶部的喷嘴500顶部开口直径比安装在壳体140底部的喷嘴500顶部开口直径要小,即随着壳体140高度的降低,喷嘴500顶部开口直径逐渐增大,喷嘴500顶部开口直径可设为0.5cm至2cm之间。
本申请实施例提供的一种汽水分离器10,包括分离器本体100和第一连接管200,汽水分离器10使用时通常浸泡在作为热阱的冷源水池中,本申请实施例中的的汽水分离器10在使用过程中汽水混合物通过余热导出系统的热水出口管连接进水口120,热水通过进水口120进入第一容纳腔110内,汽水混合物在第一容纳腔110内产生分层效应,较轻的气体汇集在汽水分离器10的顶部,较重的液体聚集在汽水分离器10的下部,进而实现汽水混合物的分离,同时,顶部的气体通过分离器本体100上的第一连接管200进入外部环境,下部的液体也通过分离器本体100上的第一连接管200进入外部环境,进入外部环境的气泡大小因受到了第一连接管200的内径限制,从而实现将较大气泡破碎的功能,达到降低汽蚀现象的作用,最终解决了现有技术中的汽水分离器10不能减小汽蚀现象对管道部件产生的腐蚀效应的问题。
图3为本申请实施例提供的余热导出系统的结构框图。
如图3所示,本申请实施例还提供了一种余热导出系统,包括如上述的汽水分离器10。在其中一个实施例中,余热导出系统包括水箱600、启动箱700、空冷换热器800及上述的汽水分离器10。水箱600设有第二容纳腔610和与第二容纳腔610连通的出气口620。第二容纳腔610内装的低温冷水,作为本申请实施例中的余热导出系统运行的传热介质和冷源,具体水装量可根据不同反应堆的需要而定,当水箱600内的冷水沸腾后产生的水蒸汽将通过出气口620进入外部大气环境,使得外部大气环境成为最终的热阱,从而将余热导出至外部环境。汽水分离器10设于第二容纳腔610内。在一些实施例中,水箱600底部可设有一个小型下沉坑,坑的高度比汽水分离器10的高度略大,宽度约为汽水分离器10最大宽度的2至3倍,使得汽水分离器10 可完全浸没在该下沉坑中。当水箱600的水位低于汽水分离器10最低层的喷嘴500的出口时,余热导出系统将停止运行,下沉坑的布置可使得水箱600内的水源可得到充分利用,仅剩在下沉坑内少量体积的水源不能完全蒸发。
启动箱700内间隔设有用于容纳冷却水的第三容纳腔710和用于容纳高压氮气的第四容纳腔720。空冷换热器800的进水端分别与第二容纳腔610和第三容纳腔710连通,空冷换热器800的出水端分别与第一容纳腔110和第四容纳腔720连通。
空冷换热器800采用换热管设计,管内侧为冷水,管外侧为安全壳40大气,功能是将安全壳40内高温气体混合物的能量传递至换热管内侧的冷水,以对换热管内侧的冷水进行加热。为了增大空冷换热器800的换热面积,空冷换热器800可采用翅片换热管,同时为了增强换热效果,可在安全壳40内布置多个空冷换热器800,不同空冷换热器800之间为并联连接。
在一些实施例中,余热导出系统还包括第一控制阀20和第二控制阀30。第一控制阀20设于空冷换热器800的进水端,以控制空冷换热器800的进水端与第三容纳腔710的通断。当第一控制阀20打开时,第三容纳腔710内的冷水流入空冷换热器800内,以加快空冷换热器800的换热速度,当第一控制阀20关闭时,第三容纳腔710内的冷水不能流入到空冷换热器800内。第二控制阀30设于空冷换热器800的出水端,以控制空冷换热器800的出水端与第四容纳腔720的通断。当第二控制阀30开启时,第四容纳腔720内的高压氮气流出。
在一些实施例中,为方便控制本申请实施例提供的余热导出系统内的管路流通,余热导出系统还包括第一隔离阀50、第二隔离阀60及止回阀70,第二隔离阀60的一端与汽水分离器10连通,另一端分别与第二控制阀30和空冷换热器800的出水端连通,以控制汽水分离器10分别与第二控制阀30及空冷换热器800的出水端的通断,止回阀70的一端与第二容纳腔610连通,另一端分别与第一控制阀20和空冷换热器800的进水端连通,第一隔离阀50的两端分别连通第二容纳腔610和止回阀70的进水端,以控制第二容纳 腔610和止回阀70的进水端的通断。
本申请实施例提供的余热导出系统在初始状态下,系统内的所有阀门都处于关闭状态,管道以及空冷换热器800内均充满冷水,余热导出系统由安全壳40大气压力高信号开启。当环境压力达到整定值时,分别打开第一隔离阀50、第二隔离阀60以及第一控制阀20,第二容纳腔610内的冷水和启动箱700内的冷水均通过管道流入空冷换热器800内。在启动箱700内冷水的驱动下,空冷换热器800换热管内的冷却水流动加快,加强了空冷换热器800的带热能力,加热后的冷却水通过汽水分离器10流入水箱600内。当启动箱700内的冷水注完时,由启动箱700液位低信号触发第一控制阀20自动关闭,并打开第二控制阀30,将启动箱700的第四容纳腔720内高压氮气注入管道。当氮气注完后,启动箱700内压力低至设定压力值时,关闭第二控制阀30,在此过程中,第一控制阀20和第二控制阀30的开度均可自动控制,在注水的过程中,第一控制阀20的开度由小逐渐增大,以使注水流量维持在一个相对小的范围内,以拉长注水过程,在注气的过程中,第二控制阀30的开度由小逐渐增大,以使注气流量维持在一个相对小的范围内,以拉长注气过程。
流入空冷换热器800内的冷水经过空冷换热器800被加热后,热水经过管道通过汽水分离器10流入水箱600内,当水箱600内的冷水沸腾后产生的水蒸汽将通过出气口620进入外部大气环境,使得外部大气环境成为最终的热阱,从而将余热导出至外部环境。在此过程中,因热水管道90内的水温高于冷水管道80内的水温,进而使得热水管道90内水的密度小于冷水管道80内水的密度,从而在冷水管道80和热水管道90之间产生压力差,进而驱动冷却水沿着水箱600-冷水管道80-空冷换热器800-热水管道90-水箱600循环流动,当启动箱700内的氮气注入热水管道90之后,将进一步减小热水管道90内流体的平均密度,从而增加了冷水管道80内的冷水和热水管道90内的热水之间的压力差,即增大了冷却水流动的驱动力,从而提高了空冷换热器800的换热管内流体流动速度,提高了空冷换热器800的换热能力。
热水通过汽水分离器10流入水箱600内,热水是一种汽水混合物。汽水 混合物在汽水分离器10内产生分层效应,较轻的气体汇集在汽水分离器10的顶部,较重的液体聚集在汽水分离器10的下部,进而实现汽水混合物的分离,同时,气体中的较大气泡在汽水分离器10的作用下被击碎成小气泡,达到降低汽蚀现象的作用,进而减小了汽蚀现象对热水管道90产生的腐蚀效应。
本申请实施例提供的余热导出系统由启动箱700高压蓄能以及冷水管道80和热水管道90内流体密度差驱动,不需要能动能源的输入,安全可靠性能高,无需人为干预,可在事故后源源不断地导出安全壳40内的热量,保证安全壳40内的压力不超过安全限值,确保放射性物质被包容在安全壳40内。
本申请实施例提供的余热导出系统包括上述的汽水分离器10,该汽水分离器10包括分离器本体100和第一连接管200。余热导出系统中的热水通过汽水分离器10,热水是一种汽水混合物,汽水混合物在分离器本体100内产生分层效应,较轻的气体汇集在分离器本体100的顶部,较重的液体聚集在分离器本体100的下部,进而实现汽水混合物的分离,同时,气体中的较大气泡因受到了第一连接管200的内径限制,从而实现将较大气泡破碎的功能,达到降低汽蚀现象的作用,进而减小了汽蚀现象对余热导出系统中的管道产生的腐蚀效应。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此,本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (14)
- 一种汽水分离器,包括:分离器本体,所述分离器本体内设有第一容纳腔,所述分离器本体的一端设有与所述第一容纳腔连通的进水口,所述分离器本体上设有与所述第一容纳腔连通的多个第一连接孔;及多个第一连接管,所述第一连接管的数量与所述第一连接孔的数量相等,所述第一连接管与所述第一连接孔一一对应连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的汽水分离器,其中,所述分离器本体包括壳体和底板,所述壳体与所述底板连接并围设出所述第一容纳腔,所述进水口设于所述底板上,所述第一连接孔设于所述壳体上。
- 根据权利要求2所述的汽水分离器,其中,还包括第二连接管,所述第二连接管的一端连接所述进水口,所述第二连接管的另一端设有内螺纹。
- 根据权利要求3所述的汽水分离器,其中,还包括加强筋,所述加强筋的形状为直角三角形,所述加强筋的两条直角边分别连接所述底板和所述第二连接管。
- 根据权利要求4所述的汽水分离器,其中,所述加强筋为多个,所述多个加强筋绕所述第二连接管的轴线环形阵列设置。
- 根据权利要求3所述的汽水分离器,其中,还包括多个喷嘴,所述喷嘴的数量与所述第一连接管的数量相等,所述喷嘴与所述第一连接管一一对应连接。
- 根据权利要求6所述的汽水分离器,其中,所述多个喷嘴与所述第一连接管之间螺纹连接。
- 根据权利要求6所述的汽水分离器,其中,所述多个喷嘴的开口面积总和大于所述第二连接管的截面积。
- 根据权利要求6所述的汽水分离器,其中,沿远离所述壳体的一端到与所述壳体连接的一端,各所述喷嘴的开口面积依次增大。
- 根据权利要求6所述的汽水分离器,其中,位于所述壳体顶部的所 述喷嘴的顶部开口直径比位于所述壳体底部的所述喷嘴的顶部开口直径小。
- 一种余热导出系统,包括如权利要求1-10任一项所述的汽水分离器。
- 根据权利要求11所述的余热导出系统,其中,还包括:水箱,所述水箱设有第二容纳腔和与所述第二容纳腔连通的出气口,所述汽水分离器设于所述第二容纳腔内;启动箱,所述启动箱内间隔设有用于容纳冷却水的第三容纳腔和用于容纳高压氮气的第四容纳腔;及空冷换热器,所述空冷换热器的进水端分别与所述第二容纳腔和所述第三容纳腔连通,所述空冷换热器的出水端分别与所述第一容纳腔和所述第四容纳腔连通。
- 根据权利要求12所述的余热导出系统,其中,还包括:第一控制阀,所述第一控制阀设于所述空冷换热器的进水端,以控制所述空冷换热器的进水端与所述第三容纳腔的通断;及第二控制阀,所述第二控制阀设于所述空冷换热器的出水端,以控制所述空冷换热器的出水端与所述第四容纳腔的通断。
- 根据权利要求13所述的余热导出系统,其中,还包括:第二隔离阀,所述第二隔离阀的一端与所述汽水分离器连通,另一端分别与所述第二控制阀和所述空冷换热器的所述出水端连通;止回阀,所述止回阀的一端与所述第二容纳腔连通,另一端分别与所述第一控制阀和所述空冷换热器的所述进水端连通;及第一隔离阀,所述第一隔离阀的两端分别连通所述第二容纳腔和所述止回阀的进水端。
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