WO2023077372A1 - 高级脂肪醇在抑制茄科植物衰老、增加货架期方面的应用 - Google Patents

高级脂肪醇在抑制茄科植物衰老、增加货架期方面的应用 Download PDF

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WO2023077372A1
WO2023077372A1 PCT/CN2021/128771 CN2021128771W WO2023077372A1 WO 2023077372 A1 WO2023077372 A1 WO 2023077372A1 CN 2021128771 W CN2021128771 W CN 2021128771W WO 2023077372 A1 WO2023077372 A1 WO 2023077372A1
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higher fatty
application
content
plants
solanaceae plants
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PCT/CN2021/128771
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡典贤
孙昀浩
彭小明
喻国辉
秦迪
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珠海市润农科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/128771 priority Critical patent/WO2023077372A1/zh
Priority to CN202180003271.0A priority patent/CN116507205A/zh
Publication of WO2023077372A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077372A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the application of higher fatty alcohols in inhibiting the aging of solanaceous plants and increasing the shelf life.
  • Solanaceae plants cover many important vegetables, economic crops and ornamental plants. Among them, tomato, eggplant, pepper and other solanaceous plants are important vegetables and economic crops in my country. Their planting plays an important role in ensuring stable supply of vegetable baskets and promoting rural revitalization and development. Tobacco cultivation is also an important agricultural economic pillar in many places.
  • Solanaceae plants face adversities such as insufficient fertilizer and water, unbalanced nutrition, high temperature, water stress, light, etc., or factors such as hormones, improper dosage of drugs, etc., which cause slow growth and yellowing of leaves, which will cause premature senescence of crops, which will lead to yield and A serious drop in quality.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of higher fatty alcohol in inhibiting the aging of Solanaceae plants and increasing the shelf life.
  • the invention provides an application of a higher fatty alcohol in preparing a preparation for increasing the content of lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine in Solanaceae plants.
  • the content of ethanolamine is used to realize the application of inhibiting the aging of Solanaceae plants.
  • the present invention provides the application of a kind of higher fatty alcohol in the preparation of the preparation that improves the content of lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine of Solanaceae plant
  • higher fatty alcohol is by improving the lysophosphatidylcholine of Solanaceae plant Alkaline and lysophosphatidylethanolamine content for application in increasing shelf life of Solanaceae plant products.
  • the present invention provides an application of a higher fatty alcohol in the preparation of a preparation for improving the transcription level of genes related to the phenylpropane metabolic pathway of Solanaceae plants. , to achieve the application of increasing lignin content. Further, the application of higher fatty alcohols in improving disease resistance of Solanaceae plants by increasing the content of lignin.
  • the higher fatty alcohol is one of lauryl alcohol and cetyl alcohol or a mixture of both.
  • the preparation is a water emulsion, which includes higher fatty alcohol, emulsifier, thickener, and water.
  • the preparation containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention is not limited to emulsion in water, as long as it adopts all dosage forms of the inventive concept of the present invention, it is applicable, such as wettable powder, emulsion, sprayable solution, concentrated emulsion, aerosol, seed coating .
  • the aqueous emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol can affect the content of signal substances lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine in Solanaceae plants, and the transcription level of genes related to phenylpropane metabolic pathway through external application, thereby inhibiting plant aging and increasing product shelf life ability, and can also be used to resist pests and diseases through the improvement of lignin content.
  • This embodiment provides a water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 24% lauryl alcohol, 3% cetyl alcohol, 3% emulsifier, 5% thickener, and the balance of water.
  • the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester
  • the thickener is methyl cellulose
  • the present embodiment also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned emulsion in water, comprises the following steps:
  • This embodiment provides a water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 24% lauryl alcohol, 3% emulsifier, 5% thickener, and the balance of water.
  • the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester
  • the thickener is methyl cellulose
  • the present embodiment also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned emulsion in water, comprises the following steps:
  • This embodiment provides an aqueous emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol, which consists of the following components by weight percentage: 3% cetyl alcohol, 3% emulsifier, 5% thickener, and the balance of water.
  • the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester
  • the thickener is methyl cellulose
  • the present embodiment also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned emulsion in water, comprises the following steps:
  • cetyl alcohol in a container and heat it to 60 degrees to melt, then add an emulsifier into the container, process it through a high-shear homogenizer at a speed of 5000 rpm, rotate for 10 minutes, and then add water at 60 degrees to the container , processed by a high-shear homogenizer at a speed of 10,000 rpm, rotated for 10 minutes, cooled to 40 degrees, and then added a thickener to the container, processed by a high-shear homogenizer, and rotated at 10,000 rpm After 30 minutes, it's ready.
  • This embodiment provides an emulsion in water, which consists of the following components by weight percentage: 3% of emulsifier, 5% of thickener, and the balance of water.
  • the emulsifier is polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester
  • the thickener is methyl cellulose
  • the emulsifier into the container, process it through a high-shear homogenizer at a speed of 5,000 rpm, and rotate for 10 minutes, then add water at 60 degrees to the container, and process it through a high-shear homogenizer at a speed of 10,000 rpm. Minute, rotate for 10 minutes, cool down to 40 degrees, then add a thickener to the container, process it through a high-shear homogenizer, and rotate it at 10,000 rpm for 30 minutes to get it.
  • Embodiment 5 The water emulsion that contains higher fatty alcohol is to the influence of tomato lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine content
  • Lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine are important signal substances in plant cells. Normal physiology comes from the formation of phospholipids after being hydrolyzed by phospholipase to remove a long carbon chain, which can be induced by various pressures. Lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine can inhibit the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, a key enzyme related to plant premature senescence, activation of immunity and resistance to abiotic stress.
  • Treat tomato samples with the water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohols of the present invention perform metabolite determination and transcriptome sequencing, and analyze the influence of the water emulsion of the present invention on the contents of tomato lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine.
  • the signal substance lysophosphatidyl The detection results of choline (12:0 (12 carbons without double bonds)) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (16:3 (16 carbons with 3 double bonds)) contents are shown in Table 2. The test results showed that the contents of lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine in the tissues treated with the mixed sample S and the dodecanol alone alcohol preparation A were significantly increased compared with the tissues treated with the water control and emulsifier C. The content of signal substances in emulsifier treatment and clear water treatment was basically the same without significant difference. It indicated that the increase of signal substances caused by higher fatty alcohol treatment was not caused by emulsifier.
  • Table 2 Ratio of lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine content in tomato plant leaves of each treatment group (up-regulation factor)
  • Embodiment 6 The effect of water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol on the expression of genes related to tomato phenylpropane metabolic pathway
  • Lysophospholipids participate in the regulation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, which is a specific metabolic pathway for signaling substances and one of the most important plant secondary metabolic pathways. It plays an important role in plant disease resistance and fruit quality.
  • phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity which is a specific metabolic pathway for signaling substances and one of the most important plant secondary metabolic pathways. It plays an important role in plant disease resistance and fruit quality.
  • Several higher fatty alcohol preparations involved in the present invention can significantly increase the content of lysophospholipid signal substances in tomato leaves, indicating that they may further affect downstream metabolic pathways. Therefore, the transcription level detection of genes related to phenylpropane metabolic pathway was further carried out on tomato leaves treated with S samples and clear water. Phenylpropane metabolism is one of the most important plant secondary metabolic pathways, which plays an important role in plant growth and development and plant-environment interaction.
  • This pathway includes multiple branched pathways leading to metabolites such as lignin, flavonoids, etc.
  • Lignin is mainly accumulated in the secondary cell wall and participates in the process of providing mechanical support, hydrotrophic transport, resistance to diseases and insect pests, and resistance to non-physiological stress.
  • Metabolites such as isoflavones in flavonoids are involved in physiological processes such as helping plant cells reduce UV damage, scavenge active oxygen, resist disease occurrence, and tolerate uncomfortable temperature and high-salt drought conditions.
  • Table 3 Difference ratios of transcription levels of genes related to phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway in tomato plant leaves
  • Embodiment 7 Containing the water emulsion of higher fatty alcohol to use effect in tobacco leaf
  • Sample S is the water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol prepared in Example 1
  • Table 4 The water emulsion tobacco leaf test scheme containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention
  • the yellow smoke of the test group treated with the water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention has no obvious damage in the whole growth process, and the appearance shows obvious advantages in terms of growth and appearance, with higher plant type, deep roots and luxuriant leaves, and better leaf color. Deep and lustrous; in the control group, black shank and bacterial wilt were found throughout the growth process, and the appearance was obviously weaker in terms of growth and appearance.
  • the post-harvest test results are as follows:
  • Table 5 Yellow smoke test results of water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention
  • serial number project test group control group 1 Planting area (mu) 31.4 32.8 2 Total weight(kg) 5233.15 4484.3 3 Premium smoke (kg) 3675.65 3405.8 4 Medium smoke (kg) 1557.5 1078.5 5 Yield per mu (kg) 166.66 136.72
  • the tobacco leaves of the test group treated with the aqueous emulsion containing higher fatty alcohols of the present invention have fewer diseases and are less affected by the environment. %; In addition, the aging of tobacco plants in the experimental group was slower than that in the control group.
  • Embodiment 8 The water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol is used in the production and use effect of cherry tomato field
  • Sample S is the water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol prepared in Example 1
  • Table 6 Water emulsion cherry tomato test scheme containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention
  • Table 7 Water emulsion cherry tomato test results containing higher fatty alcohols of the present invention
  • test group cherry tomato treated with the water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention has few diseases, cold resistance, deep roots and luxuriant leaves, uniform fruit size, smooth and bright pericarp, and the appearance is obviously better than that of the control group, and the yield increase rate reaches 18.1%.
  • the plants in the test group were still vigorous and could bloom and bear fruit.
  • Embodiment 9 The water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol is used in the field production and use effect of chaotian pepper
  • Sample S is the water emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol prepared in Example 1
  • Table 8 Experimental scheme of water emulsion Chaotian pepper containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention
  • test group Chaotian pepper that the aqueous emulsion containing higher fatty alcohol of the present invention handles, and whole growth process does not find obvious damage, and plant type is higher, and leaf look is darker and glossy; Control group whole growth process finds downy mildew, standing blight damage, the plant height is lower than that of the treatment group, and the leaf color is lighter.
  • the pepper plants in the test group had more branches and more flowers, and the fruits of the peppercorns in the test group were uniform in shape and bright in color. Senescence cannot normally flower and bear fruit, but at this time the stems and leaves of the plants in the test group grow normally, and the number of pickings is 2 times more, a total of 8 times, and the yield is increased by 49.47% in the entire production cycle.
  • Embodible by embodiment 5, adopt the water emulsion that contains higher fatty alcohol described in the present invention to be diluted with water to solanaceae plant (tomato) process, can improve signal substance lysophosphatidylcholine (12:0 (12 carbon unparalleled) in plant bond), 14:0 (14 carbons without a double bond)) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (14:0 (2n isomer) (14 carbons without a double bond isomer), 14:0 (14 carbons without a double bond)) significantly affect the transcription level of genes related to anabolism in the phenylpropane pathway and the content of corresponding substances, thereby effectively slowing down the plant aging of Solanaceae plants, improving quality, and increasing yield; Examples 7, 8, and 9 show the effects of field use.
  • the invented water-emulsion containing high-grade fatty alcohol can reduce diseases of Solanaceae plants, grow vigorously, slow down plant aging, improve product quality and increase yield.

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Abstract

本发明含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂可以通过外部施用来影响茄科植物中信号物质溶血磷脂酰胆碱及溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量、苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平，从而抑制植物衰老、增加产品货架期的能力，并且还可以通过木质素含量的提高来实现抵抗病虫害方面的应用。

Description

高级脂肪醇在抑制茄科植物衰老、增加货架期方面的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及高级脂肪醇在抑制茄科植物衰老、增加货架期方面的应用。
背景技术
茄科植物涵盖了众多重要的蔬菜、经济作物和观赏植物，其中番茄、茄子、辣椒等茄科植物是我国重要的蔬菜和经济作物，其种植在保障菜篮子稳定供给和推动乡村振兴发展中具有重要的作用，烟草的种植也是许多地方的重要农业经济支柱。茄科植物在生产过程中面临因肥水不足、营养不均衡、高温、水分胁迫、光照等逆境或激素、药物用量不当等因素而引起生长缓慢、叶黄化等都会造成作物早衰，进而导致产量和品质的严重下降。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种高级脂肪醇在抑制茄科植物衰老、增加货架期方面的应用的应用。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种高级脂肪醇在制备提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量的制剂的应用，高级脂肪醇通过提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量，来实现抑制茄科植物衰老方面的应用。
在另一个方面，本发明提供一种高级脂肪醇在制备提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量的制剂的应用，高级脂肪醇通过提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量，来实现增加茄科植物产品货架期方面的应用。
在另一个方面，本发明提供一种高级脂肪醇在制备提高茄科植物的苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平的制剂的应用，高级脂肪醇通过提高茄科植物的苯 丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平，来实现提高木质素含量方面的应用。进一步地，高级脂肪醇通过提高木质素的含量来提高茄科植物抵抗病害方面的应用。
在本发明中，高级脂肪醇为十二醇、十六醇其中一种或者二者的混合。
进一步地，所述制剂为水乳剂，其包括高级脂肪醇、乳化剂、增稠剂、水。
本发明含有高级脂肪醇的制剂不限于水乳剂，只要是采用本发明的发明构思的所有剂型，均适用，比如可湿性粉剂、乳剂、可喷的溶液、浓乳剂、气雾剂、种衣剂。
相比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂可以通过外部施用来影响茄科植物中信号物质溶血磷脂酰胆碱及溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量、苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平，从而抑制植物衰老、增加产品货架期的能力，并且还可以通过木质素含量的提高来实现抵抗病虫害方面的应用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例提供一种含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂，按重量百分比由以下组分组成：十二醇24％、十六醇3％、乳化剂3％、增稠剂5％、水余量。
在本实施例中，所述乳化剂是脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯，所述增稠剂是甲基纤维素。
本实施例还提供上述水乳剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将十二醇、十六醇放入容器中加热至60度熔化，再于容器中加入乳化剂，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速5000转/分，转动10分钟，再于容器中加入60度的水，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速10000转/分，转动10分钟，降温至40度，然后再于容器中加入增稠剂，通过高剪切均质机处理，以10000转/分转动30分钟后，即得。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂，按重量百分比由以下组分组成：十二醇24％、乳化剂3％、增稠剂5％、水余量。
在本实施例中，所述乳化剂是脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯，所述增稠剂是甲基纤维素。
本实施例还提供上述水乳剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将十二醇放入容器中加热至60度熔化，再于容器中加入乳化剂，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速5000转/分，转动10分钟，再于容器中加入60度的水，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速10000转/分，转动10分钟，降温至40度，然后再于容器中加入增稠剂，通过高剪切均质机处理，以10000转/分转动30分钟后，即得。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂，按重量百分比由以下组分组成：十六醇3％、乳化剂3％、增稠剂5％、水余量。
在本实施例中，所述乳化剂是脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯，所述增稠剂是甲基纤维素。
本实施例还提供上述水乳剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将十六醇放入容器中加热至60度熔化，再于容器中加入乳化剂，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速5000转/分，转动10分钟，再于容器中加入60度的水，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速10000转/分，转动10分钟，降温至40度，然后再于容器中加入增稠剂，通过高剪切均质机处理，以10000转/分转动30分钟后，即得。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种水乳剂，按重量百分比由以下组分组成：乳化剂3％、增稠剂5％、水余量。
在本实施例中，所述乳化剂是脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯，所述增稠剂是甲基纤维素。
将乳化剂放入容器中，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速5000转/分，转动10分钟，再于容器中加入60度的水，通过高剪切均质机处理，转速10000转/分，转动10分钟，降温至40度，然后再于容器中加入增稠剂，通过高剪切均质机处理，以10000转/分转动30分钟后，即得。
实施例5：含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂对番茄溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺含量的影响
溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺为植物细胞中重要的信号物质，正常生理来源于磷脂被磷脂酶水解去一条长碳链后形成，可以被多种压力诱导产生。溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺能够抑制植物早衰、激活免疫和抗非生物逆境相关关键酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性。用本发明所述含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂处理番茄样品，进行代谢物测定和转录组测序，分析本发明所述水乳剂对番茄溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺含量的影响。
(1)脂肪醇样品：以表1所列本发明制作成的水乳剂
表1：样品编号
Figure PCTCN2021128771-appb-000001
(2)供试植物：番茄(money maker)
培养条件：70/0μmol m -2s -1(光照/黑暗周期光照强度)，14小时/10小时(光照/黑暗周期的时间)，27℃/24℃，70％相对湿度，四周龄。
(3)样品处理和数据收集
选取健康且组内生长状态相近的植株，用上述样品的稀释液(900倍兑水稀释)对叶片进行喷施，直至叶面完全覆盖液膜。对照组喷施等量的用于稀释原液的无菌水。于48小时后进行第二次喷施处理。每组设置3个生物学重复。
于第一次处理后72小时，收取各组4克叶片样品。液氮速冻3分钟后用干冰保温送武汉迈特维尔生物科技有限公司实验室进行代谢产物组学测序(下述所有代谢组及转录组测序数据均由武汉迈特维尔生物科技有限公司提供)。
(4)处理对2种信号物质含量的影响
使用十二醇和十六醇的混合制剂(S)、十二醇单独醇制剂(A)、乳化剂(C)以及CK(清水)处理番茄叶片72小时后，生理代谢物中信号物质溶血磷脂酰胆碱(12:0(12个碳无双键))和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(16:3(16个碳3个双键))含量检测结果如表2所示。检测结果表明，混合样品S及十二醇单独醇制剂A处理的组织相比清水对照和乳化剂C处理的组织中，溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺含量显著上升了。乳化剂处理与清水处理的信号物质含量基本一致无显著性差异。说明是高级脂肪醇处理引起的信号物质上升而不是由乳化剂引起。
从高级脂肪醇的单独处理和混合处理引起两种信号物质的含量变化结果来看，说明高级脂肪醇单独处理和混合处理都可以引起上述两种信号物质的含量上调。
表2：各处理组番茄植株叶片中溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺含量比值(上调倍数)
Figure PCTCN2021128771-appb-000002
溶血磷脂的种类标注：12:0意思为12个碳无双键，14:0意思为14个碳无双键，14:0(2n isomer)意思为14个碳无双键的异构体
实施例6：含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂对番茄苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因表达的影响
溶血磷脂参与苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性调节，是信号物质作用的具体代谢途径，也是最重要的植物次生代谢途径之一，对植物抗病及果实的品质具有重要作用。本发明涉及的几种高级脂肪醇制剂可以显著提高番茄叶片中溶血磷脂类信号物质的含量，显示可能会进一步影响下游代谢途径。因此对使用S样品以及清水处理的番茄叶片进一步开展了苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因的转录水平检测。苯丙烷代谢是最重要的植物次生代谢途径之一，对植物生长发育及植物环境互作具有重要作用。该途径包括多个分支途径，产生如木质素、类黄酮等代谢物。木质素主要积累于次生细胞壁中，参与提供机械支持、水养运输、抵抗病虫害、抵御非生理胁迫的过程。类黄酮中异黄酮等代谢物参与帮助植物细胞减少紫外线损伤、清除活性氧、抵抗病害发生、耐受不适温度和高盐干旱条件等生理过程。
(1)脂肪醇样品：同实施例5
(2)供试植物：同实施例5
(3)样品处理和数据收集：同实施例5，转录组测序由武汉迈特维尔生物科技有限公司完成
(4)处理对苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平的影响
不同处理对番茄叶片苯丙烷代谢途径的相关基因转录水平的影响如表3所示。转录组测定的结果显示，混合制剂S处理可以显著上调植物组织中苯丙烷代谢途径一些相关基因的表达水平。
表3：番茄植株叶片中苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平差异比值
Figure PCTCN2021128771-appb-000003
实施例7：含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂在烟叶使用效果
取样：样品S为实施例1制备的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂
作物：黄烟
地点：广东省韶关市始兴县马市镇
方法：在生产基地选取31.4亩试验组、32.8亩对照组按表4进行试验生产
表4：本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂烟叶试验方案
Figure PCTCN2021128771-appb-000004
使用效果对比
使用本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂处理的试验组黄烟，整个生长过程未发现明显病害危害，外观表现在长势、长相方面有明显的优势，株型较高、根深叶茂、叶色较深有光泽；对照组整个生长过程发现黑胫病、青枯病危害，外观表现在长势、长相方面这几个方面明显较弱。
在黄烟生长的整个过程中，出现前期低温、中后期高温高湿等恶劣天气情况，试验组在各个阶段都正常生长，表现明显的抗逆性增强，如苗期地方低温、生长期抵抗雨水和酷暑、落黄前后抵抗各类病害的能力都显著增强，而对照组对外界环境的响应明显，容易受到环境的影响。
在黄烟生长过程中，使用本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂处理的实验组烟叶落黄(成熟衰老)比对比组延缓了六天，烟株更高大、烟叶更厚更宽更长。
采收后检测结果如下：
表5：本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂黄烟试验结果
序号 项目 试验组 对照组
1 种植面积(亩) 31.4 32.8
2 总重量(kg) 5233.15 4484.3
3 上等烟(kg) 3675.65 3405.8
4 中等烟(kg) 1557.5 1078.5
5 亩产量(kg) 166.66 136.72
使用本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂处理的试验组烟叶，病害少，受环境影响小，株高、根深叶茂、上等烟、中等烟都明显优于对照组，烟叶增产率达到21.9％；另外试验组黄烟植株衰老比对照组更缓慢。
实施例8：含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂在樱桃番茄大田生产使用效果
取样：样品S为实施例1制备的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂
作物：樱桃番茄
地点：广东省阳江市阳西县上洋镇
方法：在生产基地选取40亩试验组、40亩对照组按表6进行生产
表6：本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂樱桃番茄试验方案
Figure PCTCN2021128771-appb-000005
使用效果对比
使用本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂处理的试验组樱桃番茄，整个生长过程未发现明显病害危害，株型较高、根深叶茂、叶色较深有光泽，外观表现出明显的优势；对照组生长过程中发现青枯病、白粉病危害，在长势、长相方面这几个方面明显较弱。。
在樱桃番茄生长过程中，幼苗期出现寒风低温天气情况，试验组未发现有幼苗冻伤情况、正常生长，而对照组幼苗冻伤明显。
在对照组已经采收结束并清园，试验组樱桃番茄植株生机依然旺盛，比对照组多开了一批花、多结一批果。
试验结果如下：
表7：本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂樱桃番茄试验结果
Figure PCTCN2021128771-appb-000006
使用本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂处理的试验组樱桃番茄，病害少，耐寒，根深叶茂，果实尺寸均匀、果皮光滑亮丽，外观明显优于对照组，增产率达到18.1％；在对照组到采收结束并清园的时候，试验组植株生机依然旺盛，可开花结果。
实施例9：含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂在朝天椒大田生产使用效果
取样：样品S为实施例1制备的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂
作物：朝天椒
地点：广东省湛江市徐闻县下桥镇
方法：在生产基地选取10亩试验组、10亩对照组按表8进行生产
表8：本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂朝天椒试验方案
Figure PCTCN2021128771-appb-000007
使用效果对比
使用本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂处理的试验组朝天椒，整个生长过程未发现明显病害危害，株型较高、叶色较深有光泽；对照组整个生长过程发现霜霉病、立枯病危害，株高低于处理组，叶色较浅。
在结果期试验组朝天椒植株分枝多，开花多，朝天椒果型均匀，色彩艳丽，平均每次采摘重量比对照组多12.1％，每15天采摘一次，对照组共采摘6次植株就衰老不能正常开花结果，而此时试验组植株茎叶正常生长，采摘次数多出2 次，共8次，整个生产周期内增产49.47％。
由实施例5可见，采用本发明所述含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂兑水稀释对茄科植物(番茄)处理，可提高植株内信号物质溶血磷脂酰胆碱(12:0(12个碳无双键)、14:0(14个碳无双键))和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(14:0(2n isomer)(14个碳无双键的异构体)、14:0(14个碳无双键))的含量、显著影响苯丙烷途径中合成代谢相关基因转录水平及对应物质含量，从而有效减缓茄科植物的植株衰老、改善品质、提高产量；实施例7、8、9大田使用效果显示，使用本发明的含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂可以让茄科植物病害少，生长旺盛，植株衰老减缓，产品品质提升，产量提高。
综合实施例5到实施例9，在茄科植物上应用本发明所述含有高级脂肪醇的水乳剂，在植物生理代谢上可以提高植株内信号物质溶血磷脂酰胆碱(12:0、14:0)和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(14:0(2n isomer)、14:0)的含量、显著影响苯丙烷途径中合成代谢相关基因转录水平及对应物质含量，提高作物生长过程中，因肥水不足、营养不均衡、高温、水分胁迫、光照等逆境造成的作物早衰产量和品质下降，从而在实际农业生产中有效减缓茄科植物的植株衰老、延长采摘时间、改善品质、提高产量。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 高级脂肪醇在制备提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量的制剂的应用，其特征在于，高级脂肪醇通过提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量，来实现抑制茄科植物衰老方面的应用。
  2. 高级脂肪醇在制备提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量的制剂的应用，其特征在于，高级脂肪醇通过提高茄科植物的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺的含量，来实现增加茄科植物产品货架期方面的应用。
  3. 高级脂肪醇在制备提高茄科植物的苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平的制剂的应用，其特征在于，高级脂肪醇通过提高茄科植物的苯丙烷代谢途径相关基因转录水平，来实现提高木质素含量方面的应用。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的应用，其特征在于，高级脂肪醇通过提高木质素的含量来提高茄科植物抵抗病害方面的应用。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的应用，其特征在于，高级脂肪醇为十二醇、十六醇其中一种或者二者的混合。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于，所述制剂为水乳剂，其包括高级脂肪醇、乳化剂、增稠剂、水。
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US5126155A (en) * 1990-04-18 1992-06-30 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Plant and fruit treatment with lysophosphatidylethanolamine
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US5110341A (en) * 1990-04-18 1992-05-05 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Plant and fruit treatment with lysophosphatidylethanolamine
US5126155A (en) * 1990-04-18 1992-06-30 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Plant and fruit treatment with lysophosphatidylethanolamine
CN1297329A (zh) * 1997-11-10 2001-05-30 威斯康星校友研究基金会 溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺(18:1)与溶血磷脂酰肌醇对于延缓衰老和促进果实成熟的用途
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