WO2023072819A1 - Système d'alimentation - Google Patents

Système d'alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023072819A1
WO2023072819A1 PCT/EP2022/079559 EP2022079559W WO2023072819A1 WO 2023072819 A1 WO2023072819 A1 WO 2023072819A1 EP 2022079559 W EP2022079559 W EP 2022079559W WO 2023072819 A1 WO2023072819 A1 WO 2023072819A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
straightening
measuring
straightened
rod
workpiece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/079559
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe-Peter Weigmann
Andreas GÖNNINGER
Oliver Kuhnert
Martin Bauer
Tobias SINGLE
Original Assignee
Wafios Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wafios Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Wafios Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2023072819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023072819A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
    • B21C47/16—Unwinding or uncoiling
    • B21C47/18—Unwinding or uncoiling from reels or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/02—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers
    • B21D3/05—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by rollers arranged on axes rectangular to the path of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
    • B21D43/006—Feeding elongated articles, such as tubes, bars, or profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F1/00—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
    • B21F1/02—Straightening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F1/00—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
    • B21F1/02—Straightening
    • B21F1/026—Straightening and cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F23/00—Feeding wire in wire-working machines or apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a feeding system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a feed system of the type considered here has a feed device which is designed to feed an elongated wire-shaped or tubular workpiece to a forming machine.
  • the feed device has a receiving device for receiving a supply of workpieces in the form of a coil.
  • the feed device has a straightening system downstream of the receiving device with two adjustable roller straighteners connected in series with differently oriented straightening planes for straightening the workpiece before it enters the forming machine.
  • the feed system also includes a measuring unit for measuring residual curvatures on wire-shaped or tubular straightened material that has passed through the straightening system of the feed device, and for determining measurement data that represent residual curvature of the straightened straightened material. Based on the measurement data, the roller straighteners of the straightening system can be set in such a way that the straightened material has the desired straightening quality.
  • wires, tubes or other elongated semi-finished materials are often in the form of coiled material stocks (coils) and normally have to be straightened before further processing.
  • Straightening is a manufacturing process from the group of forming processes and is used to convert the elongated material, which is also referred to here as straightened material, into as straight a shape as possible before further processing, i.e. into a state with little or no residual curvature.
  • straightening the material is conveyed from a material supply through a straightening system and the straightening system produces straightened material or straightened goods from the material by forming in a straightening operation.
  • a roller straightening apparatus comprises a large number of passive, i.e. non-rotatably driven, straightening rollers with mutually parallel axes of rotation, which are arranged alternately in a throughput direction on opposite sides of a throughput section and, during operation, define a straightening geometry with peripheral sections in contact with the workpiece.
  • a roller straightener With the help of a roller straightener, it is possible to straighten one-dimensional entry curves (curvatures before entering the roller straightener) of a straightened material to change a plane so that after the straightening process there is a defined residual curvature in this plane.
  • an end product without residual curvature i.e. a straight end product, is desired.
  • straightening systems with two roller straighteners connected in series are used, which eliminate the entrance curvatures in two mutually perpendicular planes.
  • Straightening systems with roller straighteners do not rotate and in this respect differ in principle from rotating straightening systems with so-called straightening wings, which introduce straightening forces in many different levels.
  • At least one of the straightening rollers can be advanced in an infeed direction oriented transversely to the direction of passage.
  • the straightening geometry of the roller straightener can be changed in order to achieve a better straightening result.
  • a straightening roller can be adjusted manually, semi-automatically or automatically by means of an assigned actuator (e.g. servo motor, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, etc.) in response to control signals from a control unit.
  • an assigned actuator e.g. servo motor, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, etc.
  • Inadequate straightening results can occur, for example, at the start of using fresh straightening material after a coil change or after switching to another process.
  • Material inhomogeneities, changes in the material parameters and/or wear on the straightening rollers can also lead to a deterioration in the straightening results during the ongoing process.
  • Raw material is also subject to manufacturing tolerances. Changes can be detected through regular checks based on random samples. If there is an unacceptable degradation in directivity, the directing system should be better set up by changing the directing geometry.
  • Patent specification DE 195 03 850 C1 describes a non-rotating straightening device for bending machines with an integrated measuring device.
  • the straightening apparatus comprises at least one non-rotating straightening mechanism for wire or strip material that works in at least one straightening plane.
  • the straightening unit has a plurality of straightening rollers that work on the material in a row and can be adjusted in the straightening plane and transversely to the axis of passage of the material by means of at least one adjusting drive.
  • a material bending measuring device is provided in the straightening mechanism, in which at least one measuring section is provided for a length of predetermined section of material and at least one mechanical and/or electronic and/or optical scanning device that determines the extent of the bending and the direction of the bending is arranged along the measuring section, that signals representing the measured deflection of the material section can be generated with the scanning device, and that the adjusting drive of at least one straightening roller is an adjusting drive responding to the signals with correcting adjusting movements.
  • An essential component of the feeding system is a feeder which is designed to feed an elongate wire-shaped or tubular workpiece to a forming machine.
  • the feeding device comprises a receiving device for receiving a supply of workpieces in the form of a coil and a straightening system downstream of the receiving device.
  • the straightening system includes two adjustable roller straighteners connected in series with differently oriented straightening planes for straightening the workpiece before it enters the forming machine.
  • the reference planes are preferably oriented perpendicular to one another, in particular one of the reference planes is horizontal and the other vertical.
  • the feeding device thus produces endless material (wire or tube) that is more or less well aligned from the wound material of the coil.
  • the feed device is assigned a measuring unit that is designed to measure residual curvatures on the straightened material that has passed through the straightening system of the feed device. With the help of the measurements, measurement data are determined which represent a residual curvature of the straightened material and thus enable a quantitative description of the state of curvature.
  • the measuring unit is adapted to the constructive and functional properties of the feeding device in order to allow the most trouble-free measurement possible.
  • the measuring unit is a separate unit from the feed device, which can be brought into operative connection with the feed device temporarily or for a limited period of time for the purpose of measuring in order to carry out set-up work.
  • the feeding device can then be brought into its working position on that forming machine to which the straightened material is to be fed.
  • the measuring unit can also be used to set up the straightening systems of other machines equipped with straightening systems.
  • the delivery system of the claimed invention has the following features according to a formulation of the invention.
  • the feed system includes a cutting device for separating rod-shaped sections of a predeterminable length from the material to be straightened that has passed through the straightening system.
  • the measurement is then carried out on rod-shaped sections (rods) of a predeterminable length (rod length), which were cut off from the material to be straightened that had passed through the straightening system using the cutting device.
  • a single rod is measured at a time.
  • the measuring unit comprises a measuring device for recording a rod-shaped section in a measuring position and for determining measuring data that represent a residual curvature of the straightened material.
  • the measuring unit is configured for a straightening plane-specific measurement, which allows an at least approximately unambiguous assignment of the measured data or the curvature components represented by the measured data to the different straightening planes of the roller straightening apparatus.
  • a roller straightener only straightens in a single straightening plane. If the straightening system has two roller straighteners running through one another with different straightening planes, in particular with straightening planes oriented perpendicularly to one another, curvatures in the two straightening planes can be assessed independently of one another in a first approximation. It was recognized that it is important for a targeted setting or infeed of the straightening rollers during the set-up process or as part of a control operation to be able to clearly assign the measurement results determined on the straightened material to the individual straightening levels. Measurements that allow this are referred to in this application as "plane-specific or plane-selective measurement”.
  • the measurement is carried out on rod-shaped sections or rods of a predeterminable length, which were cut off from the straightened material after passing through the straightening system using a cutting device. Due to the separation from the rest of the rod, the straightening material to be measured can relax without external force, so that the shape of the rod represents the true curvature ratios at least approximately unfalsified. According to the findings of the inventors, significantly better interpretable measurement results can be achieved if a relatively short rod-shaped section is cut off from the straightened material and this rod is then measured or subjected to a straightness test.
  • Preferred bar lengths are generally significantly less than one meter, depending on the stiffness of the straightened material, they can be between 300 mm and 700 mm, for example.
  • the measuring unit or the measuring method of the claimed invention can not only determine global values for the residual curvature, but the information about the curvature state of the rod-shaped section resulting from the measurement can be separated into curvature components that clearly correspond to the individual directional levels of the directional system can be assigned. With such a reference plane-specific or reference plane-selective measurement, it can be quantitatively recorded which Portion of a determined residual curvature which caused the at least two straighteners.
  • a targeted adjustment of the roller straightening apparatus can then be carried out, for example, as part of setting up the straightening system, in order to achieve a suitable setting of the straightening rollers with just a few attempts. If, for example, a straightening system has a first roller straightener with a vertically oriented first straightening plane and a second roller straightener with a horizontal straightening plane downstream, horizontal and vertical components of the residual curvature can be quantified separately from one another using the measurement data.
  • the adjustment of straightening rollers can be concentrated on the straightening device whose straightening plane is affected by the excessive residual curvature.
  • the measuring unit can work with severed bars, which have been severed by means of a cutting device belonging to a machine upstream in the process, e.g. a straightening and cutting machine, the end products of which are straightened bars.
  • a straightening and cutting machine generally includes a feed device, a length measuring device and a cutting device controlled using signals from the length measuring device. In these cases, no separate cutting unit is required on the measuring unit.
  • the measuring unit has a cutting device for separating rod-shaped sections of a definable length from the material to be straightened that has passed through the straightening system.
  • the measuring device is downstream of the cutting device in the direction of material flow. Due to the integrated cutting device, the measuring unit is able as a self-sufficient unit to cut rod-shaped sections of a suitable length from aligned endless material and to carry out straightness measurements or measurements of the residual curvature on these sections.
  • the cutting device can be mounted together with the measuring device on or on a common frame of the measuring unit in order to ensure a fixed positional relationship and to form a functional unit that can be used, for example, as a set-up station.
  • An exemplary embodiment of such an autonomous measuring unit is explained in more detail below.
  • the measuring unit is configured in such a way that the material to be leveled is measured in the rotational position in which it passed through the leveling system.
  • rotational position refers to the rotational position or rotational orientation with regard to an inherent rotation around the longitudinal axis of the material to be straightened.
  • measurement data specific to the straightening plane could also be determined in that any rotation of the material to be straightened between cutting off and measurement is metrologically recorded and the measurement data determined with the measuring device are then corrected with regard to the direction of rotation.
  • it is considered to be much easier and more accurate to exclude such self-rotations by procedural and structural measures.
  • a severed rod of a suitable length is separated from the rest of the straightening material for the measurement, the rod should not rotate about its longitudinal axis between the act of separation and the act of measurement in order to enable the measurement results to be clearly assigned to the corresponding roller straightener.
  • This can be a problem in particular when processing round material, for example if it is set down in such a way that it rolls along an inclined surface between cutting and measurement.
  • simple measures can be sufficient to prevent self-rotation, for example by placing the material to be straightened with one of its flat surfaces on a straight or level shelf.
  • the measuring unit is characterized by anti-rotation devices which are configured in such a way that a rotational position of a severed rod-shaped section provided for measurement remains unchanged about its longitudinal axis between straightening and measuring in such a way that the straightened material can be measured in the rotational position in which it is passed through the straightening system. It is thus ensured with the aid of anti-rotation devices and/or anti-rotation measures that the rotational position of the material about its longitudinal axis remains unchanged between straightening and measuring.
  • Active or actuatable anti-rotation devices are preferably provided, which can be switched over in response to control signals from a control unit between a neutral configuration without intervention on the material to be straightened and an intervention configuration with contact with the material to be straightened.
  • the measuring unit has a control unit which, in an operating mode, is configured in such a way that the cutting device and the measuring device are controlled or operated in a coordinated manner in such a way that a front end section of the straightened material, which was conveyed to a measuring position in the measuring device by means of a controlled feed, is secured against rotation of its own accord by means of anti-rotation devices of the measuring system, e.g. by pinching, and only then is the cutting device activated in order to separate the rod-shaped section to be measured, which is secured against rotation, from the rest of the to separate the goods.
  • the coordination between cutting and measurement is particularly easy to implement in measuring units with an integrated cutting device.
  • control engineering coordination is also possible with external editing devices, ie devices that are not part of the measuring unit but belong to another unit.
  • the material to be straightened is first conveyed into the area of the measuring device, secured against twisting and only then separated from the rest of the material to be straightened.
  • the anti-twist device can be ensured with the aid of elements of a clamping device that can be displaced in the transverse direction.
  • rod transport device that is configured to take a section of the straightening material to be separated before carrying out the cutting operation, transport it to the measuring device after separation from the rest of the straightening material and insert it there with an unchanged rotational position or deposit it and release it after the rod-shaped Section was included secured against rotation in the measuring device.
  • an in-process measurement/control can also be carried out, in that during the production process, rods straightened regularly or irregularly according to a given scheme or on an ad hoc basis are fed to the measuring device and measured there in order to assess the straightening quality and, if necessary, make compensating changes in the setting of the to carry out the alignment system.
  • the bars removed from the material flow for testing purposes can then, if possible, be fed back into the subsequent production step, but this is not mandatory. From time to time, straightened rods can therefore be decoupled from the material flow for measurement purposes and, if necessary, returned to the material flow at the end of the measurement.
  • the straightened material to be straightened is fixed for the purpose of measurement at a first fixing point and at a second fixing point at a distance from the first fixing point in such a way that for each of the fixing points a vertical position and a transverse position of the straightened material (e.g. in a horizontal direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the bar) is specified and a straightening material section lying between the fixing points is free of forces except for the gravitational forces. Then the position of the material to be straightened is measured in a measuring plane lying between the first and the second fixing point. This can, for example, be in the middle between the fixing points. The residual curvature of the wire section lying between the fixing points is then determined using position data for the position of the material to be straightened at the first fixing point, the second fixing point and the measurement plane.
  • a first and a second clamping device can be provided in the measuring device, which offer a support for the material to be straightened at the corresponding fixing points and have clamping elements that can be moved in the transverse direction, which, when moved up to contact with the material to be straightened, can thereby determine the transverse position.
  • the measuring device has a first clamping device on a side facing or to be turned towards the cutting device (inlet side) and a second clamping device at a distance from it in the longitudinal direction, with components of a measuring system being arranged in a region between the clamping devices, such that a transverse, in particular vertical defined as a measuring plane oriented to the longitudinal direction of the measuring device and designed to determine the position of the placed rod-shaped section in the measuring plane.
  • the measurement plane is preferably located centrally between the clamping devices, where the largest deflections of the fixed rod-shaped section are typically expected in terms of amount, which benefits the measurement accuracy.
  • each of the clamping devices has a support roller mounted with a horizontal axis of rotation and two transverse positioning elements, eg transverse positioning rollers, adjustable by means of a drive such that an inserted rod-shaped section can be fixed at a fixing point defined in the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the overhead section of the lateral surface of the support roller can determine the vertical position, while the laterally positioned transverse positioning elements specify the position in the horizontal direction.
  • the anti-rotation device can be ensured with the aid of the transverse positioning elements, in particular rollers, of the clamping device that are displaceable in the transverse direction, which thus act as anti-rotation devices.
  • a rod-shaped section is gently clamped laterally by means of transverse positioning elements with a vertical axis of rotation, essentially only the degree of freedom of rotation of the rod about its longitudinal axis is eliminated, while clamping in the horizontal direction between essentially punctiform contact points between the support rollers and the outside of the rod-shaped section is possible Sagging of the rod or deflections in vertical directions are not significantly impeded.
  • the true state of curvature can be measured on a rod-shaped section which is supported at two spaced locations and is otherwise subjected essentially only to gravity.
  • roller-shaped transverse positioning elements can also be provided, e.g. blocks with convexly curved contact surfaces.
  • the contact surfaces to the workpiece should be designed in such a way that there is only essentially punctiform or small-area physical contact, so that the straightened rod is only clamped in the horizontal direction between essentially punctiform contact points, so that any bending in the vertical direction is not significantly impeded.
  • the anti-rotation devices can thus be elements with a suitable geometry, which allow point or line contact between the clamping device and the rod-shaped section.
  • These include, for example, the rollers mentioned, but also non-rotatable elements which have a point or a radius at least in the contact area, e.g. a cylindrical or spherically curved contact surface.
  • a distance of the clamping device measured parallel to the longitudinal direction can be continuously adjusted, so that the measuring device can be easily adapted to rod-shaped sections of different lengths.
  • the rod-shaped sections provided for the measurement are significantly shorter than one meter.
  • their length can be between 300 mm and 700 mm, for example, or possibly less (in the case of relatively thin rod materials).
  • both clamps may be fixed and only the other slidable, preferably the clamps are mounted on carriages mounted on guide rails run, which are attached to the top of a horizontally aligned base plate of the measuring system.
  • both clamping devices can be continuously shifted in the same axis and then fixed in the desired positions.
  • a development provides that components of the measuring device are fastened to a carrier that is mounted on a carriage that can be moved on the guide rails that also guide the clamping devices. This creates an extremely stable arrangement that can be easily adapted to different dimensions of the rod-shaped sections to be measured.
  • any measuring device that provides quantitative information about the residual curvature in the straightening planes of the roller straighteners and allows a clear assignment of the measured residual curvatures to the straightening planes can be used for the metrological recording of the straightened material after it has passed through the straightening system, i.e. for the measurement.
  • the measured variable does not have to correspond directly to the residual curvature; it is sufficient if the measured variable represents a value that represents the residual curvature.
  • the measurement can be tactile (ie touching) or non-contact, for example by means of optical and/or electromagnetic devices. It is important that the measuring technology used to set a straightener allows statements to be made about the residual curvature or straightening quality in the straightening plane in which the respective straightener acts.
  • the measuring device comprises an optical measuring system that uses laser radiation to generate two laser light curtains that are perpendicular to one another in the measuring plane and detect them by means of opposite light-sensitive sensors, as a result of which the position of the material to be straightened in the measuring plane can be determined with high precision in two directions by means of shadow projection.
  • the non-contact measurement does not affect the shape of the rod to be measured.
  • the residual curvature that is present in the curvature plane which is influenced by the respective roller straightener (plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the straightening rollers), can then be easily determined from the distance in the measurement plane between the measured position of the wire section and a reference position in the measurement plane which would be the case if the straightened material had the target residual curvature.
  • This reference position is preferably not on a straight line connecting the two fixing points, but rather takes into account the deflection of one due to gravity material that rests on the fixing points.
  • suitable material-specific straightening material parameters can be used, possibly modified by the fact that the straightening material is deformed several times in the straightening process and thereby possibly changed in terms of its elastic properties.
  • the supply of workpieces is wound up on an exchangeable reel and the receiving device is designed in such a way that the reel can be received by the receiving device and, in the received state, is mounted so that it can rotate about a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • a horizontal orientation of the reel axis is that components that can be arranged high above the hall floor are used to further guide the unwound material, so that only a small amount of lateral space is required.
  • a vertical orientation of the reel axis can also be provided.
  • a particularly convenient and simple reel change is achieved in some embodiments in that the receiving device has two axis-parallel support rollers with horizontal axes of rotation, on which the reel can be placed in such a way that the circumference of the side elements of the reel rests on the two support rollers and the position of the axis of rotation in the space is fixed. Then it is not necessary to dismantle or convert bearing units in the area of the rotary axis when changing the reel.
  • the reel can preferably be actively driven.
  • a drive that can be controlled via a control unit can be provided, which engages with one of the support rollers and can drive it under the control of the control unit.
  • An active reel drive can contribute to material-friendly material transport with only minor voltage fluctuations.
  • the receiving device has a deflection device with an upper deflection roller for receiving the workpiece unwound from the workpiece supply and a device arranged below the upper deflection roller for receiving a workpiece loop before entry into the straightening system.
  • the device for receiving a workpiece loop arranged below the upper deflection roller comprises a vertically oriented buffer storage in the form of a storage box that is partially open at the top and between the upper deflection roller and the buffer storage an auxiliary feed device which can be driven by means of an auxiliary drive and is configured to hold the workpiece to be promoted with a definable conveying speed to the downstream buffer storage.
  • a control device being configured such that the conveying speed of the auxiliary feed device can be controlled as a function of sensor signals from the sensor system. In this way, overfilling or underfilling of the buffer storage can be avoided.
  • the device arranged below the upper deflection roller for receiving a workpiece loop has a lower deflection roller. This can be arranged and dimensioned in such a way that the material can then immediately enter the straightening system in a horizontal direction.
  • the measuring unit and the feeding device are system components of the feeding system. They can also represent a protectable invention on their own, i.e. independently of the other system components.
  • FIG. 1 shows components of a feed device for feeding wire material from a wire coil to a forming machine (not shown), the feed device being arranged at a set-up station with an integrated straightness measuring system;
  • Fig. 2 shows the alignment system of the feeder of Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale
  • 3A shows in FIG. 3 the measuring device of the set-up station from FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale and in FIG. 3A a detailed view of the measuring plane;
  • 4A to 4C show a variant of the method, in which rotation safety devices prevent a severed, directed round rod from rotating itself between separation from the rest of the wire and the measurement;
  • 5A to 5D show an alternative variant of the method in which a straightened bar of flat material is cut off and measured.
  • feed systems as well as methods and systems for setting up a straightening system, which is designed for straightening wire-shaped straightening material passing through, are described below.
  • the material to be straightened in the example a wire, can be further processed in a forming machine to produce straight or curved molded parts from the material to be straightened.
  • the straightening system is integrated into a feed device which is intended to supply a forming machine (not shown in more detail) with straightened wire as input material during ongoing production operations.
  • a measuring unit belonging to the feed system is used, which is structurally and functionally adapted to the feed device and serves as a temporary auxiliary device during set-up.
  • FIG. 1 shows components of a wire processing system that is designed and set up to process elongated workpieces 110 in the form of metallic wires that are available as workpiece stock in the form of a so-called coil, i.e. a wire bundle wound up like a coil.
  • the molded parts can be, for example, helical springs, in particular compression springs or tension springs, or bent parts with different geometries. Molded parts can generally be bent two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally, if necessary also in the form of straight rods (e.g. in straightening machines or rod assembly machines).
  • the Cartesian x-y-z machine coordinate system is used to better describe directions and positional relationships.
  • the wire processing system When configured ready for operation, the wire processing system includes a forming machine (not shown), which can be designed as a spring winding machine, for example, in the production of helical springs. Furthermore, a device 300 is provided for feeding the elongated, wire-shaped workpiece material to the forming machine.
  • the device 300 is also briefly referred to as the feeding device 300 in this application.
  • the feed device of the exemplary embodiment is a forming machine that produces a straightened wire from more or less strongly curved wire of the coiled wire stock by forming. 1 shows some components of the delivery device 300 together with an associated measuring unit 350 of a delivery system.
  • One task of the feed device 300 is to feed the wire in a straightened form (residual curvature close to zero in the tolerance range) to a downstream forming machine or its feed device at any time as precisely as possible at the speed required at that time.
  • the feeding device 300 has its own control unit 390 which communicates with the control unit of the forming machine.
  • the functionalities of the two control units can be integrated in a single control unit.
  • the feed device After completing the set-up at the set-up station, the feed device is moved to its working position on the forming machine to be supplied.
  • the components shown are mounted on a movable platform, which can be e.g. linearly displaced on guide rails or rotatably mounted around a vertical axis of rotation or can be moved unguided (e.g. on rollers or wheels).
  • the feed device comprises a feed unit 310, which has a receiving device 330 for receiving a workpiece supply 381 in the form of a coil and a downstream straightening system 400 for straightening the workpiece before it enters the forming machine.
  • the alignment system 400 is shown in detail in FIG.
  • Fig. 1 shows the feed unit 310 on a measuring unit 350 or a set-up station 350, which enables a machine operator to carry out all work on a straightening system 400, which is located on the measuring unit or the set-up station 350, that is necessary to Adjust the straightening system to the workpiece material used in such a way that the feed unit can deliver straightened workpiece material with high straightening quality during productive operation, i.e. when the feed unit is in its working position on a forming machine, in particular material with no residual curvature or with residual curvature that is only within the tolerance range.
  • the stock of workpieces is held on an exchangeable coiler 335, which is picked up by a pick-up device 330 and, in the picked-up state, is mounted so that it can rotate about a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • the storage does not take place in the region of the axis of rotation of the reel, instead two axis-parallel support rollers 332, 333 with horizontal axes of rotation are attached in the bottom area. These support rollers are part of the receiving device 330.
  • the reel is placed on the two support rollers so that the circumference of the disc-shaped side elements of the reel rests on the two support rollers and the position of the axis of rotation is fixed in space. In the example, it is an active reel with its own drive.
  • the drive 334 engages the front support roller 333 and can drive it under the control of the control unit 390 .
  • the unwound wire is guided over a deflection device 340, which has an upper deflection roller 340-1 and a lower deflection roller 340-2, which are rotatably mounted on a vertical support 341 with parallel axes.
  • the upper deflection roller is designed as a vertically movable dancer roller with spring return.
  • the drive motor for the support/drive roller is regulated by a position query of this roller.
  • the lower deflection roller is wrapped around approximately three quarters of its circumference in such a way that the outlet, ie the upper side of the lower deflection roller 340, is level with the inlet-side passage opening of the straightening system 400.
  • a wire guide device 375 is located between the deflection device and the straightening system, the output of which is aligned with the input of the straightening system 400 connected downstream.
  • a wire end detection device can be integrated into the wire guide device.
  • the construction includes a buffer storage 600 in the form of a relatively flat storage box open on one side (here partially at the top) and an upstream auxiliary feed device 610 which can be arranged, for example, behind the upper deflection roller 340-1.
  • the auxiliary feed device can be driven by means of an auxiliary drive and is configured to convey the workpiece, ie the wire in the example, to the downstream buffer store 600 at a definable conveying speed.
  • the buffer store has an entry and an exit for the workpiece.
  • the buffer storage is designed in such a way that the workpiece can form a workpiece loop 111 of variable length in the buffer storage between the entry and the exit. With that can Speed differences between the areas in front of and behind the buffer memory are compensated.
  • a sensor system is preferably provided for detecting the filling level of the buffer memory and for generating sensor signals representing the filling level.
  • the control device can then be configured in such a way that the conveying speed of the auxiliary feed device can be controlled or is controlled as a function of sensor signals from the sensor system.
  • a buffer store can also be installed horizontally, so that the workpiece loop is formed in a plane which is aligned essentially horizontally.
  • the straightening system 400 comprises two roller straightening apparatuses 400-1, 400-2, which are connected directly one behind the other and can be adjusted independently of one another, each of which has a number of straightening rollers that are parallel to the axis. Seven straightening rollers are provided here, but other numbers, e.g. five to nine, are also possible.
  • the axes of rotation of the straightening rollers of the straightening devices connected in series are aligned orthogonally to one another.
  • straightening rollers produce alternating bending due to off-centre adjustment with respect to a neutral axis of the material to be straightened, which deforms the material to be straightened into the plastic range and thereby straightens it.
  • the straightening rollers here are passive or not rotationally driven, i.e. there are no drives for rotating the straightening rollers.
  • the wire is pulled through the roller straighteners.
  • a feed device 385 is provided, which is arranged behind the straightening system 400 in the material flow direction and serves, among other things, to pull the wire material through the two roller straighteners 400-1, 400-2 of the straightening system 300 in the direction of subsequent components.
  • the components of the straightening system 400 are carried by a frame part, in which the control unit 390 of the feed unit 310 can also be accommodated.
  • the frame part also carries the feed device 385.
  • the feed device 385 is designed as a roller feed and, in other embodiments, can also be designed as a belt feed device or gripper feed.
  • an optional, optionally manually operable clamping device can be provided, with which the axial position of the wire that is fed through can be fixed if necessary. Further details are explained using the example of the first roller straightening apparatus 400-1 effective in the vertical plane (xz plane).
  • the first roller straightening apparatus 400-1 has seven passive straightening rollers R1, .
  • the straightening rollers define the effective straightening geometry of the roller straightening apparatus with their peripheral sections touching the material to be straightened 110 .
  • the first roll straightener 400-1 essentially changes the curvature only in one vertical plane (x-z plane), the straightening plane.
  • the second roller straightening apparatus 400-2 which is responsible for straightening in a horizontal plane, has a similar structure, here the straightening roller axes of rotation run vertically.
  • all seven straightening rollers are designed as straightening rollers that can be adjusted automatically and, in response to control signals from the control unit 390, can be automatically adjusted independently of one another by means of servo-motor drives 405-1, .., 405-7 in an infeed direction oriented perpendicular to the throughput direction (parallel to the z-axis ) can be delivered bidirectionally.
  • straightening rollers are manually adjustable. Adjusting screws and position indicators, for example, can be provided for this purpose.
  • a portion of the straightening rolls e.g. two, three or four
  • another portion e.g. three, four or five
  • the feed system includes a measuring unit 350 which is adapted to the structural and functional conditions of the feed device 300 and which enables a targeted set-up procedure in a short time.
  • the measuring unit 350 serves as a set-up station.
  • the measuring unit or the set-up station 350 includes a cutting device 370, with which in the course of the setting work on the straightening system, rod-shaped wire sections 110-A that have been straightened on a test basis are cut off the wire supplied and thus made available for a straightness check.
  • a cutting device 370 In the example case is an automated Cutting device 370 is provided, alternatively a manually operable cutting device can be provided.
  • the set-up station 350 has a measuring device 500 .
  • the wire sections or wire rods 110-A cut off by means of the cutting device are checked for straightness or residual curvatures with the aid of the downstream measuring device 500 .
  • anti-rotation devices it is ensured that the rotational position of the material rod provided for measurement around its longitudinal axis remains unchanged, so that the wire is measured in the rotational position in which it ran through the straightening system.
  • the measuring device 500 and the associated cutting device 370 are components of the measuring unit 350 which, possibly together with other components, forms an autonomous unit which can serve as a set-up station 350 . Therefore, the same reference number 350 is used for the set-up station and the measuring unit.
  • the measuring device 500 comprises a first clamping device 510-1 on the side facing the cutting device 370 and a second clamping device 510-2 at a distance behind it.
  • the fixtures are mounted on carriages that run on two guide rails 501 which are attached to the top of a horizontally oriented base plate 502.
  • the axial distance between the clamping devices, measured parallel to the throughput direction, can thus be infinitely adjusted.
  • Each of the tensioning devices has a support roller 512-1, 512-2 mounted with a horizontal axis of rotation and two pneumatically adjustable transverse positioning rollers 514-1, 514-2.
  • An inserted wire rod can thus be fixed at a fixing point that is precisely defined both in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction.
  • the rollers touch the wire without introducing any additional forces or torques, so that the wire rod rests at the front and back at defined fixation positions and is only subjected to gravity in the area in between.
  • the rod cannot rotate about its axis when it is gently pushed between the horizontally slidable rollers 514-1, 514-2. is pinched.
  • Components of a measuring system 520 are mounted in the area between the clamping devices 510-1, 510-2. These are carried by a cross-shaped support 522 which is mounted on a carriage which can be moved on the guide rails 501 which also guide the clamping devices.
  • the measuring system 520 is an optical measuring system that can determine the position of the wire placed on it with high precision in a measuring plane 524 oriented perpendicularly to the x-direction.
  • the straight line connecting the A second laser unit 525-2 is attached to the fixing points, which generates a laser light curtain lying in the measuring plane 524, which falls on the opposite side into the detection range of a photosensitive sensor 527-2, so that the position of the wire in the transverse direction (horizontal direction) can be precisely determined in the shadow cast can be detected.
  • the position in the vertical direction is detected using a first laser unit 525-1 and the opposite sensor 527-1.
  • the measurement is preferably carried out in the middle between the two fixing elements using the two lasers in the horizontal or vertical direction.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a typical measurement situation.
  • the plus symbol represents the point of intersection of the straight line connecting the fixing points and the measurement plane 524.
  • the hatched circle represents the position of the wire section 110-A in the middle between the clamping devices.
  • a residual curvature of the wire rod in the respective straightening planes can be calculated from the distance values AH in the horizontal direction and AV in the vertical direction. The results are therefore specific to the straightening plane and are evaluated accordingly in order to provide separately determined instructions for improving the straightening geometry, if necessary, for each of the two roller straighteners.
  • the evaluation takes into account that the wire rod undergoes a certain deflection due to gravity alone, the extent of which depends on the material properties and the distance between the fixing points. This contribution is deducted from the evaluation.
  • the result of the measurement is a quantitative value for the residual curvature, which can have contributions in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Based on these measured values, the straightening geometry of the roller straighteners should then be adjusted in such a way that the residual curvature disappears with the next piece of wire.
  • the inventors see a potential problem in the processing of round material. There it can happen that a round bar, which still has a considerable bulge in the horizontal plane after straightening, automatically rolls into a stable rotational position when it is placed in the measuring device, in which the bulge sags downwards. That would simulate a bulging in the vertical direction, which is actually not present, which would lead to erroneous measurement results and, as a result, to incorrect infeeds and/or incorrect infeeds on the wrong straightener.
  • the measuring unit 350 is configured for a reference plane-specific or reference plane-selective measurement. This is explained in more detail below using examples.
  • a variant of the method shown schematically in FIGS. 4A to 4C is suitable for many materials with different cross-sectional shapes, in particular also for round material.
  • the procedure is such that first the front end section 112 of the straightened wire adjoining the front end face 113 is conveyed to a measuring position in the measuring device 500 (Fig. 4A) by means of a controlled feed (by the upstream feed device 385) (Fig. 4A), then using the in the transverse direction displaceable rollers 514-1 or 514-2, which contacts clamping devices 510-1, 510-2 on diametrically opposite sides and is thereby clamped horizontally and thus prevented from rotating (Fig. 4B) and that only then the rod to be measured is separated from the rest of the material to be straightened is separated (Fig. 4C). Then the measurement begins using the optical measurement system 520.
  • the horizontally movable rollers 514-1 and 514-2 of the clamping devices act as an anti-rotation device, contact the wire material at two horizontally diametrically opposite contact points with relatively low pressure, which is dimensioned in such a way that the static friction is sufficient to prevent the rod from rotating itself around the To prevent the longitudinal axis, but at the same time the wire rod can relax in such a way that it is otherwise free of forces except for gravity and thus shows those residual curvatures that are to be measured.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5D Another variant of the method for checking the straightness of rods using the measuring device is explained with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5D.
  • the wire with a flat rectangular cross-section (see detail) is fed through the wire feed by means of the feed device 385 into a cutting position.
  • This is characterized, among other things, by the fact that the front end 113 of the rod has already reached the support roller of the rear or second tensioning device 510-2 and is resting there.
  • the lateral positioning rollers are in their retracted positions.
  • the cut is made by the cutter 370 (Fig. 5B).
  • Fig. 5B the next process step
  • the cut piece of wire is pushed further forward into its measuring position, in which the wire rod is centered in relation to the measuring plane in the middle and protrudes on both sides by equal lengths over the support roller.
  • No special setup is required for this short wire feeder. Rather, the subsequent piece of wire is moved to the rear front end of the wire rod to be measured by means of the feed device 385, so that it can bring about the horizontal feed in the manner of a ram.
  • the transverse positioning rollers are moved in the direction of the intended fixing positions using their pneumatic cylinders.
  • the piece of wire is pressed onto the rear stop to ensure a defined level.
  • the wire rod is fixed for the measurement. It is easy to see that the connecting straight line between the front and rear fixing positions does not have to be coaxial to the feed axis of the following wire.
  • a measuring unit of the type described here can also be used in other ways.
  • the straightening system can have exactly two roller straightening devices, which preferably produce straightening planes that are perpendicular to one another.
  • a straightening system can also have three or four or more roller straighteners.
  • a straightening system can have four straightening devices offset by 45°, which can be a favorable option for straightening round wire, for example.
  • the forming machine in which the straightening system is integrated can also be a straightening and cutting machine designed to straighten wires or other semi-finished materials that can be straightened and have different cross-sectional sizes and shapes, and then the straightened goods cut to desired length.
  • the machine then additionally has a length measuring device and a cutting device, which can preferably be actuated automatically based on signals from the length measuring device.
  • the measuring unit can then measure the severed straightened bars.
  • the measuring unit does not need its own cutting device for this.
  • It can also be a rod fabrication machine which, in addition to the straightening system, a cutting device and a length measuring device, also has a stripping device in order to remove sections of the insulation from a metallic starting material covered with an insulating layer.
  • a straightening system can also be integrated into a forming machine which, with the aid of suitable forming tools, can produce smaller or larger series of molded parts, some of which have complex geometries, from the straightened material in an automatic production process.
  • the forming tools required for forming are then connected downstream of the straightening system.
  • the forming machine can be, for example, a bending machine for producing bent parts from wire material, strip material or tube material, or a spring manufacturing machine or a wire nail machine for the mass production of screws, nails, rivets or the like.
  • the measuring unit can be used, for example, to measure the wire coming out of a wire guide of the respective machine.
  • the invention can be used for different types of material to be straightened, in particular for straightening metallic wire material or pipe material.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the material to be straightened can vary, e.g. a circular cross-section for round material, a profiled and/or polygonal cross-section for profile material, in particular a rectangular cross-section for square material.
  • Flat material such as metallic flat strips with a large aspect ratio between width and height, can also be straightened.
  • the cross-sectional size can also vary.
  • the metallic material may be uncoated or may have a coating, such as an electrically non-conductive insulating layer of plastic.
  • the straightness check or measurement does not have to be carried out as described in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the straightness check can also be automated using at least one camera.
  • the straightness can also be checked in the run using two cameras offset by 90°.
  • a camera rotating around the wire or a laser scanner can be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'alimentation comprenant un dispositif d'alimentation (300) destiné à amener une pièce (110) filiforme allongée ou tubulaire jusqu'à une machine de formage ainsi qu'une unité de mesure. Le dispositif d'alimentation comprend un système de réception (330) destiné à recevoir une réserve de pièces sous la forme d'une bobine (381) et un système de redressage (400) monté en aval du dispositif de réception et doté de deux appareils de redressage à rouleaux réglables montés l'un derrière l'autre (400 460-2) présentant des plans de redressage à orientation différente pour le redressage de la pièce avant son entrée dans la machine de formage. L'unité de mesure (350) sert à mesurer les courbures résiduelles sur un produit à dresser filiforme ou tubulaire ayant subi un redressage dans le système de redressage (400) du dispositif d'alimentation, et à déterminer des données de mesure qui représentent une courbure résiduelle du produit à redresser ayant subi un redressage. Le système d'alimentation comprend en outre un dispositif de coupe (370) servant à séparer des parties (110-A) en forme de tige de longueur prédéfinissable du produit à redresser ayant traversé le système de redressage (400). L'unité de mesure (350) comprend un dispositif de mesure (520) destiné à recevoir respectivement une partie (110-A) en forme de tige séparée du produit à redresser ayant traversé le système de redressage dans une position de mesure et est configuré pour une mesure spécifique à un plan de redressage, qui permet une association des composantes de courbure représentées par les données de mesure aux différents plans de redressage des appareils de redressage à rouleaux.
PCT/EP2022/079559 2021-10-26 2022-10-24 Système d'alimentation WO2023072819A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6182939A (ja) * 1984-10-01 1986-04-26 Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd 鋼線材の曲り矯正装置
JPH05337582A (ja) * 1992-06-12 1993-12-21 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 線状体の整直方法
DE19503850C1 (de) 1995-02-06 1996-06-13 Post Friedhelm Sondermasch Nichtrotierender Richtapparat für Biegemaschinen mit integrierter Meßvorrichtung
WO2017183010A1 (fr) * 2016-04-22 2017-10-26 Schnell S.P.A. Procédé d'ajustement automatique de redressement d'éléments métalliques de forme allongée, et appareil de redressement desdits éléments
WO2020224977A1 (fr) 2019-05-07 2020-11-12 Wafios Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et arrangement d'acheminement d'une pièce ouvrée allongée à une machine de façonnage

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011004167B4 (de) 2011-02-15 2015-05-13 Institut Dr. Foerster Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum automatisierten Richten von langgestrecktem Material
AT518731B1 (de) 2016-05-27 2019-05-15 Progress Holding Ag Richtmaschine
DE102020212480A1 (de) 2020-10-02 2022-04-07 Wafios Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuführen eines langgestreckten Werkstücks zu einer Umformmaschine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6182939A (ja) * 1984-10-01 1986-04-26 Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd 鋼線材の曲り矯正装置
JPH05337582A (ja) * 1992-06-12 1993-12-21 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 線状体の整直方法
DE19503850C1 (de) 1995-02-06 1996-06-13 Post Friedhelm Sondermasch Nichtrotierender Richtapparat für Biegemaschinen mit integrierter Meßvorrichtung
WO2017183010A1 (fr) * 2016-04-22 2017-10-26 Schnell S.P.A. Procédé d'ajustement automatique de redressement d'éléments métalliques de forme allongée, et appareil de redressement desdits éléments
WO2020224977A1 (fr) 2019-05-07 2020-11-12 Wafios Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et arrangement d'acheminement d'une pièce ouvrée allongée à une machine de façonnage

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