EP0796158A1 - Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts

Info

Publication number
EP0796158A1
EP0796158A1 EP95942014A EP95942014A EP0796158A1 EP 0796158 A1 EP0796158 A1 EP 0796158A1 EP 95942014 A EP95942014 A EP 95942014A EP 95942014 A EP95942014 A EP 95942014A EP 0796158 A1 EP0796158 A1 EP 0796158A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
spring
coil
unwinding
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95942014A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0796158B1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Otzen
Hans-Jürgen Schorcht
Mathias Weiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid
Wafios Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid
Wafios Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19944443503 external-priority patent/DE4443503A1/de
Priority claimed from DE1995114486 external-priority patent/DE19514486A1/de
Application filed by Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid, Wafios Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wafios Maschinenfabrik Wagner Ficker and Schmid
Publication of EP0796158A1 publication Critical patent/EP0796158A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0796158B1 publication Critical patent/EP0796158B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F23/00—Feeding wire in wire-working machines or apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
    • B21C47/16—Unwinding or uncoiling
    • B21C47/18—Unwinding or uncoiling from reels or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F3/00—Coiling wire into particular forms
    • B21F3/02—Coiling wire into particular forms helically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H51/00—Forwarding filamentary material
    • B65H51/20—Devices for temporarily storing filamentary material during forwarding, e.g. for buffer storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for continuously checking and correcting errors occurring in spring wires for the optimized production of coil springs on automatic spring winders, with a wire being unwound and by means of an unwinding device in which a coil or coil is mounted a separate feed device of a forming device which contains wind pins or rolls is fed.
  • helical springs are placing increasing demands for accuracy with regard to compliance with the spring characteristics, especially the spring characteristic.
  • the reasons for this are in particular the increasing demands on machines and devices in which helical springs are used, and the increasing degree of automation in the manufacture of machines and devices with the tendency that only narrowly tolerated components can be processed.
  • the spring wire as the starting material is subject to material-related, geometric and processing-related fluctuations. They are expressed in deviations in the wire diameter, in the strength values or material properties from their nominal values and in twists as a result of elastic torsional stresses. In addition, deviations also play a decisive role, which result from the plastic-elastic deformation behavior of the spring wire and are mostly caused by upstream production stages.
  • Machines with monitoring and quality assurance systems are also known in the prior art, in which the length of the spring is measured or checked mechanically, optically, capacitively or also by changing the induction.
  • DE 35 38 944 describes a machine for the manufacture of coil springs by winding, with which springs with a continuously variable pitch can be produced.
  • the spring manufacturing machine contains an electronic control circuit.
  • a data storage unit stores preselected data indicating spring parameters, such as pitch, length and diameter.
  • the corresponding preselected parameter of the spring is monitored and a signal which indicates the monitored parameter is generated.
  • the electronically stored data and the monitoring signal are compared with one another.
  • the spring production can be changed in accordance with this comparison for the purpose of producing a spring with the preselected parameter.
  • This machine makes it possible to freely change the parameters of the coil springs in order to meet the preselected spring requirements.
  • the dimensions of the spring can vary during actual manufacture the coil springs are changed so that springs can be made with pitches that change continuously along the length of the spring.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset which, even with fluctuating values of the wire parameters, ensure high accuracy in the manufacture of the springs and at the same time minimize the rejects.
  • the object is achieved by a method and an arrangement having the features specified in claims 1, 2 and 4.
  • Advantageous configurations are specified in the subclaims.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are distinguished by a number of advantages.
  • the arrangement according to the invention and the method according to the invention make it possible to compensate for the elastic torsional stresses of the spring wire, which is particularly important for the processing of spring-drawn wire types.
  • This torsional tension is not recognizable from the outside, because the drawn wire is wound up into a coil under tension using this manufacturing method.
  • the torsion stresses are released when this force is removed from the spring wire. They manifest themselves in the spreading or folding of the wire loops and lead to length fluctuations in the spring produced and thus to the above-mentioned parallel shift of the spring characteristic.
  • E or G module measuring device is used. This consists of rollers which cause the wire to undergo slight elastic deformation by defined values and thereby measure the required deformation forces. Since the initial state of the wire is already determined before the forming process and is taken into account when controlling the wind tools, the reject can be reduced considerably.
  • the forming result can also be continuously monitored and the target / actual deviation can be traced back to the tool position using a controller. This leads to considerable wage, material and energy cost reductions as well as a reduction the expenses for material recycling and for reducing additional environmental pollution.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can advantageously be used in the manufacture of new automatic spring manufacturing machines, the application not being restricted to automatic coil spring coils, but also being suitable for other machines for producing springs. It can also be retrofitted to existing NC-controlled automatic spring winders, so that the largest possible group of spring manufacturers can use the device according to the invention without fundamental renewal of the machine park and with little financial outlay.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a feed device with a loose loop
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment, according to Figure 1, in which strain gauges are used as sensors
  • 3 shows a feed device with a rotatable
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows the links between the individual modules in the form of a block diagram.
  • the wire is drawn off from a coil C, which is located on a reel, via the wire feed rollers R.
  • the reel is operated by a controlled drive, not shown here.
  • the reel with coil C is stored in bearings L1 and L2.
  • the entire unwinding device A is pivotally arranged in the bearing L3.
  • the axis of the bearing L3 coincides with the direction of the drawn wire D.
  • the wire is fed from the guide device Z via the detection unit E to the wire feed device of the machine.
  • the wire is formed between the guide device Z and the unwinding device A by the action of gravity to form a loop S.
  • the length of this loop S is controlled by the movements of unwinding device A and guide device Z so that it maintains an approximately constant diameter.
  • the loop formation is supported by guide rollers FR. If the wire D has no torsional tension, the wire loop S hangs vertically downwards. If the wire has torsional tension, the wire loop S is deflected out of the vertical position. The deflection is determined by the detection unit E1 and leads to a rotation of the Unwinding device A in the bearing L3, so that the torsion tension is eliminated and cannot have any effect on the following operations. A further detection unit E2 is attached between the machine and the wire loop S. This determines the current wire requirement for the spring production and controls the drives of the guide rollers R and the bearings L1, L2 depending on the respective wire requirement. In the example shown, the sag of the wire is determined for this.
  • FIG. 2 shows one possible embodiment for the arrangement of the sensors.
  • two sensor rollers SR are attached to the wire loop S and are attached to the frame via springs F1 and F2. If the wire D has a torsional tension, this causes a deflection of the wire loop S and thus also a deflection of the springs F1 and F2.
  • Strain gauges DMS are attached to the springs F1 and F2 and are used to determine the deflection. With the aid of the strain gauges DMS, a value for the size of the deflection of the wire loop S can be determined and the required pivoting movement of the unwinding device A can be controlled.
  • sensors can both determine the deformation of a plastic element, as shown in FIG. 2, and also detect the displacement of an element by means of a displacement measuring system.
  • FIG. 3 shows a feed device with a rotatably mounted wire take-off guide DF.
  • the twisted wire is pulled from a reel H under tension.
  • the wire with torsion is guided in a wire loop acting as a torsion indicator around a rotatably mounted wheel.
  • the wheel is arranged in such a way that, in addition to its rotation about the wheel axis caused by the wire run-off movement, it can also perform a pivoting movement about an axis perpendicular thereto. This pivoting movement is dependent on the torsional stress connected in the wire being fed.
  • the detection unit E1 is connected to a sensor SE which indicates the deflection of the detection unit E1.
  • Torsional stresses between the fixed stator L and the wire take-off guide DF therefore lead to a deflection of the detection unit E1 and are displayed by the sensor.
  • the reel pot When unwinding tension-free wire, the reel pot has to make a 360 ° rotation to unwind a full wire loop.
  • the torsional stresses are eliminated by initiating a defined relative movement between the reel and the controllably rotatable wire run guide DF, so that twist-free wire is fed to the wind machine. It is particularly advantageous that the arrangement enables the controllable additional movement of the wire take-off guide DF to be carried out quickly and precisely. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the loading movement of the wire take-off guide DF, which has only a very small mass, is separated from the movement of the reel H.
  • the reel H which has a large mass, must also perform an additional movement to ensure a continuous wire run.
  • the additionally mounted wire take-off guide DF enables these two movements to be separated, so that it is not necessary to accelerate the reel H quickly with high expenditure of force and correspondingly high loads on the moving parts.
  • the device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the wire is first guided past a wire diameter measuring device 1, at which the current diameter of the spring wire is determined.
  • the wire then enters the measuring device for determining the E or G module.
  • the measuring device consists of rollers 2, of which at least the roller 2.3 is adjustable perpendicular to the roller axis, the pair of rollers 2.2 is driven and the pair of rollers 2.1 runs freely. With this adjustment, the wire is elastically deformed by defined values.
  • Sensors are connected to the rollers, with which the bearing forces N1, N2, and N3 are continuously measured. These bearing forces are dependent on the material properties of the spring wire and allow the determination of the modulus of elasticity.
  • the loops 4.1 and 4.2 are arranged.
  • the deformation properties of the wire to be processed can be recognized and appropriate reactions initiated. Such reactions can be, for example, a warning signal or the triggering of corresponding adjustment movements of the molding tools.
  • the inlet guide EF With the inlet guide EF, the wire D of the forming device is fed into a defined arc.
  • This inlet guide EF is effective with curved wire and ensures defined wind conditions.
  • the inlet guide EF can consist of an arcuate tube or can be formed by a roller arrangement.
  • the winch pins 3.1 and 3.2 of the forming device are shown in FIG. 4 and are electrically adjustable. The adjustment of the pitch wedge is made possible by a further adjusting device, so that all geometric parameters of the spring to be manufactured can be influenced. Force sensors with which the wind forces N4 and N5 are continuously determined are attached to the wind pins 3.1 and 3.2. Changes in the wire forming properties are thus also recorded and fed to the evaluation of the process control.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show an arrangement with which the spring outer diameter D a and the pitch P can be determined after winding.
  • the spring diameter on the spring 5 is determined with the aid of a CCD matrix 6.
  • the tongue 5 lies against the V-groove 7 in a defined manner. Fluctuations in the spring diameter can also be detected in a known manner using the silhouette method or the scanning principle with optical measuring devices.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of the links between the individual assemblies.
  • the required positioning movements are controlled by a machine computer, which is connected to the individual measuring stations of the machine via signal processing.
  • the wire is pulled from the wire feeder into the device. It first passes through the wire diameter measuring device DDME.
  • the wire- Einzug is connected in a manner known per se to a displacement measuring device, from which a signal is obtained over the length of the wire to be processed. This measuring device is not shown here.
  • An E or G module measuring device E / G-ME with a force measuring device KME and a displacement measuring device WME, with which the deformation of the wire and the associated force are determined, is also connected upstream of the wire feed.
  • the current values for the elastic modulus of the wire can be determined from the determined force and deformation values.
  • the G-module can be determined from the E-module.
  • the wire After the wire has passed through the measuring device, it is fed to the drawing-in device and thus to the shaping device which contains the winding pins 3 and the gradient wedge. Winding pins 3 and gradient wedge are each connected to linear drives with which the currently required position of these elements is positioned.
  • the winch pins 3 are also connected to a force measuring device KME, which transfers information about the measured forming forces to the signal processing for evaluation.
  • the wire After passing through the forming device, the wire is shaped into a spring body. The dimensions of the spring body are determined by the outside diameter measuring device ADME and the pitch measuring device SME. The spring body is cut to the required length with the aid of a cutting knife controlled by the signal processing unit.
  • the spring thus created is provided with a length measuring device LME and a force measuring device KME evaluated so that the characteristic curve of the spring is determined.
  • the current data obtained in this way are likewise fed to the signal processing device.
  • the measuring of the spring length by means of the length measuring device LME as well as the spring forces by means of the force measuring device KME and the determination of the spring characteristic curve which is possible thereby can also be carried out before the spring is cut off.
  • the arrangement makes it possible to detect deviations in the spring wire diameter and to implement corresponding compensations and their effects on the gradient of the spring characteristics by means of regulated changes in other spring parameters, preferably the spring diameter. Since the actual value of the sliding module is also recorded, a number of additional correction information items can be obtained to maintain the spring characteristic and be taken into account in the actuating movements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention vise à mettre au point un procédé et un dispositif qui permettent, dans le cadre de la production de ressorts, de parvenir à des niveaux de précision extrêmement élevés, même en présence de valeurs fluctuantes des paramètres du fil d'acier, et de minimiser simultanément les rebuts de fabrication. A cet effet, les paramètres du fil d'acier sont détectés avant l'opération d'enroulement, et ceux du ressort sont détectés après l'opération d'enroulement. Les résultats obtenus sont utilisés directement pour ajuster la position des tiges ou des rouleaux d'enroulement et/ou de la clavette d'inclinaison. Le fil d'acier est guidé sous forme de boucle (S) entre le dispositif de dévidage (A) et le dispositif d'alimentation (Z). Le déplacement latéral de la boucle (S) du fil d'acier est détecté par une unité de reconnaissance (E1) et le dispositif de dévidage (A) effectue un mouvement additionnel commandé par l'unité de reconnaissance (E1). Cette invention s'utilise pour surveiller et corriger en continu les erreurs intervenant au niveau des fils d'acier pour ressorts, dans la production optimisée de ressorts hélicoïdaux sur des machines automatiques à enrouler les ressorts.
EP95942014A 1994-12-07 1995-12-06 Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts Expired - Lifetime EP0796158B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944443503 DE4443503A1 (de) 1994-12-07 1994-12-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Drahtzuführung
DE4443503 1994-12-07
DE19514486 1995-04-19
DE1995114486 DE19514486A1 (de) 1995-04-19 1995-04-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schraubenfedern
PCT/DE1995/001733 WO1996017701A1 (fr) 1994-12-07 1995-12-06 Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0796158A1 true EP0796158A1 (fr) 1997-09-24
EP0796158B1 EP0796158B1 (fr) 1998-05-27

Family

ID=25942637

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95942014A Expired - Lifetime EP0796158B1 (fr) 1994-12-07 1995-12-06 Procede et dispositif de production optimisee de ressorts helicoidaux sur des machines automatiques a enrouler les ressorts

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5865051A (fr)
EP (1) EP0796158B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH10511311A (fr)
DE (1) DE59502367D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2119507T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996017701A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0796158B1 (fr) 1998-05-27
ES2119507T3 (es) 1998-10-01
US5865051A (en) 1999-02-02
WO1996017701A1 (fr) 1996-06-13
JPH10511311A (ja) 1998-11-04
DE59502367D1 (de) 1998-07-02

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