WO2023071016A1 - 一种叉指电容、弯曲传感器及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种叉指电容、弯曲传感器及其制作方法 Download PDF

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WO2023071016A1
WO2023071016A1 PCT/CN2022/079911 CN2022079911W WO2023071016A1 WO 2023071016 A1 WO2023071016 A1 WO 2023071016A1 CN 2022079911 W CN2022079911 W CN 2022079911W WO 2023071016 A1 WO2023071016 A1 WO 2023071016A1
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layer
electrode
interdigital
interdigitated
interdigital capacitor
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PCT/CN2022/079911
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English (en)
French (fr)
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于宏宇
于思琪
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广州市香港科大霍英东研究院
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/005Electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/22Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in capacitance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/28Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and in particular relates to an interdigital capacitor, a bending sensor and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Existing bending sensors mainly include two types, one is fiber-based bending sensors, which perform bending measurement by measuring the optical density, phase, wavelength or polarization inside the bent optical fiber.
  • the construction of a fiber-based bend sensor includes an LED that emits a light source, a bendable housing, an optical fiber inside, and a receiver that detects the properties of the light.
  • the other type is a flexible bending sensor based on changes in resistance or capacitance. When bending, such sensors are deformed, resulting in changes in resistance or capacitance, thereby obtaining bending information.
  • superelastic materials with nano-fillers are usually used as electrodes.
  • a structure in which the distance between the electrodes is easy to change is obtained, so that bending information can be obtained when receiving external deformation.
  • the combination of nanofillers and superelastic materials acts as a variable resistor.
  • the contact area between nanofillers changes, and the resistance changes, thereby obtaining bending information.
  • the light source part and the light receiving part are non-stretchable devices, so it is not suitable for the application of wearable sensors, and the application range is greatly limited.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an interdigital capacitance, a bending sensor and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to provide a wearable sensor that is flexible, stretchable and has good stability under long-term use.
  • An interdigital capacitor comprising an electrode layer, the electrode layer comprising a first electrode and a second electrode;
  • the first electrode includes a number of first interdigitated fingers spaced apart from each other, and a first installation cavity is reserved between two adjacent first interdigitated fingers;
  • the second electrode includes a number of second interdigitated fingers spaced apart from each other. Fork fingers, a second installation cavity is reserved between two adjacent second fork fingers;
  • the first fork is protruded into the second installation cavity
  • the second fork is protruded into the first installation cavity so as to be complementary and form the electrode layer
  • An installation gap is reserved between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the section of the electrode layer is wavy.
  • the cross sections of the first electrode and the second electrode are wave-shaped, and the wave shapes of the cross-sections of the first electrode and the second electrode overlap after being arranged in a complementary manner.
  • a thin film plastic layer is arranged on both sides of the electrode layer.
  • the film plastic layer is made of Parylene C.
  • a superelastic material layer is further provided on the outer sides of the two side surfaces of the electrode layer.
  • the superelastic material layer is made of PDMS.
  • a bending sensor includes a neutral connection layer, the neutral connection layer includes a group of first mounting surfaces arranged in parallel, and the above-mentioned interdigital capacitors are respectively provided on the first mounting surfaces.
  • the neutral connection layer further includes a group of second installation surfaces arranged relatively in parallel, and a vertical line between the second installation surfaces intersects a vertical line between the first installation surfaces at an angle;
  • the interdigitated capacitors are respectively arranged on the second mounting surface.
  • a preparation method for an interdigital capacitor, suitable for the above-mentioned interdigital capacitor, comprising the following steps:
  • step S50 Cutting the device processed in step S40 to obtain an interdigital capacitor, and spin-coating a protective layer on the interdigitated capacitor after cutting.
  • a method of manufacturing a bending sensor comprising the steps of:
  • a neutral connection layer is set, and the interdigitated capacitors prepared above are bonded in pairs on opposite surfaces of the central connection layer.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention include:
  • a bending sensor based on a wave-structured electrode is designed, in which the wave-shaped electrode is used as the electrode of the interdigital capacitance.
  • the angle between the interdigital electrodes will change, resulting in a gap between the positive and negative electrodes. Changes in the area and distance of the positive pair cause a change in capacitance.
  • the capacitance of the two fingers located on both sides of the neutral connection layer changes, it indicates the occurrence of bending, and the difference in capacitance change can be used to quantitatively describe the size of the bending.
  • the corresponding electrode layer is provided with a plastic film layer and a superelastic material layer, and the electrode layer is arranged between the two plastic film layers, which can effectively protect the first electrode and the second electrode from being damaged during the stretching process.
  • the electrode layer with the plastic film layer is placed between the two superelastic material layers, so that the superelastic material layer is used as the outer packaging layer, and the nano filler and the superelastic material are replaced by a stretchable wave structure electrode.
  • the mixture avoids the problems of inability to stretch and bend and reduce the stability of use in traditional technology, and at the same time realizes the fabrication of flexible and stretchable wearable sensors.
  • the wave structure model is obtained by micro-processing technology based on silicon wafers, and the three-dimensional interdigital capacitance is formed graphically, realizing the mass production process of the bending sensor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interdigitated capacitor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of the bending sensor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another example of the bending sensor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the interdigitated capacitor of the present invention.
  • an interdigital capacitor 1 is provided in this embodiment, which mainly includes an electrode layer 11 , a plastic film layer 12 and a superelastic material layer 13 .
  • the electrode layer 11 includes a first electrode 111 and a second electrode 112 .
  • the first electrode 111 includes a number of first interdigital portions 1111 spaced apart from each other, and a first installation cavity is reserved between two adjacent first interdigital portions 1111;
  • the second electrode 112 includes several interdigital interdigital portions 1111
  • the second forked part 1121 is provided, and a second installation cavity is reserved between two adjacent second forked parts 1121; by extending the first forked part 1111 into the second installation cavity Inside, the second finger portion 1121 is inserted into the first installation cavity to be complementary and form the electrode layer 11 .
  • an installation gap 113 is reserved between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112, so that the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are not in contact with each other, and the The cross-section of the electrode layer 11 is arranged in a wave shape.
  • the cross sections of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 in this embodiment are also arranged in a wave shape, and the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are arranged in a complementary manner to form the After the above-mentioned electrode layer 11, the wave shape of its cross-section is arranged in an overlapping manner.
  • the plastic film layer 12 is disposed on both sides of the electrode layer 11 formed by the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 .
  • the plastic film layer 12 in this embodiment is made of Parylene C.
  • a superelastic material layer 13 is also provided on both sides of the electrode layer 11 provided with the plastic film layer 12 on both sides.
  • the superelastic material layer 13 in this embodiment is made of PDMS.
  • the superelastic material layer 13 doubles as an encapsulation layer to encapsulate the interdigital capacitor 1 with a wave structure, endowing the device with the ability to stretch and recover, while eliminating the need for the electrode layer 11 and the plastic film layer 12 The exposure in the air ensures the stability of the device in long-term work.
  • this embodiment also provides a bending sensor 2, including a neutral connection layer 21.
  • the neutral connection layer 21 is made of PDMS material and is semi-cured.
  • a group of relatively parallel first installation surfaces is provided on the neutral connection layer 21, and the above-mentioned interdigitated capacitors are respectively provided on the first installation surfaces. 1, thus forming a one-dimensional bending sensor 2.
  • the neutral connection layer 21 is set as a rectangular body, so that the neutral connection layer 21 also includes a group of second installation surfaces arranged in parallel, and the second installation surface The vertical line between them and the vertical line between the first installation surface intersect at right angles; and the interdigital capacitors 1 are respectively arranged on the second installation surface to form a bending sensor 2 in another dimension .
  • a wearable and stretchable bending sensor 2 is formed, which has an objective application prospect in the field of dynamic motion detection, including human-computer interaction, robot Electronic skin and other fields.
  • the bending sensor 2 can accurately obtain the gesture and send this information to the robot, thereby controlling the behavior of the robot.
  • the bending sensor 2 is placed on the joint surface of the robot, the feedback of the bending of the robot joint can be obtained, and the electronic skin of the robot can be realized.
  • this embodiment also provides a method for preparing an interdigital capacitor, which is suitable for the above-mentioned interdigital capacitor 1, and mainly includes the following steps:
  • the first stage preparing a wave structure model.
  • a single polished silicon wafer 3 is wet oxidized to form a silicon dioxide layer 31.
  • the photoresist here is FH6400L photoresist; Etching the silicon dioxide layer 31 by an anisotropic oxide and TMAH wet method to form an isosceles triangular wavy structure, and then wetting it with a tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution to remove the corner end structure of the isosceles triangle; then, Spray the photoresist 32 for the second time on the surface of the wave structure, where the photoresist 32 can use AZ 9260 photoresist; then reflow on a hot plate at 100-150 ° C for 3-5 minutes to form a smooth corner Wave structure model.
  • the photoresist 32 sprayed for the second time is also used as a sacrificial layer to help peel off the manufactured device from the wave structure model in
  • the second stage fabrication of three-dimensional interdigitated electrode devices.
  • the plastic film layer 12 is evaporated for the first time to form a flexible substrate, and the plastic film layer 12 is made of Parylene C; Spraying, the photoresist here can use AZ 9260 photoresist; then pattern the photoresist layer formed after the third spraying, and use ARC-12M Sputterer to sputter a layer of TiW after patterning /Pt electrode layer 11, and then immersed in acetone and ultrasonic waves for 3-5 minutes, to obtain a three-dimensional interdigitated electrode device, including the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112, wherein the interdigitated electrodes are distributed in a wave structure the top face of the model.
  • the third stage single-side packaging of the interdigitated electrode device.
  • Oxygen plasma is used to thin the second evaporated Parylene C layer to the designed thickness, and activate the surface of the Parylene C layer to a hydrophilic surface, ready for the next PDMS coating process.
  • the PDMS solution is poured on its surface, and a vacuum is drawn to ensure the complete filling of PDMS, so as to form the superelastic material layer 13 on one side.
  • the fourth stage double-sided packaging of the interdigitated electrode device. After curing in an oven at 70-100°C for 1-2 hours, the entire device was immersed in acetone, and the sacrificial layer on the device was scratched with a scalpel to dissolve it in acetone, so that the structural layer with the interdigitated electrode device and the wave
  • the structural model is separated to separate stretchable interdigitated electrode devices on a rigid silicon wafer 3 . Then use the same process as above to spin-coat the PDMS coating on the back of the separated interdigital electrode device to form double-sided superelastic material layers 13 .
  • step S50 sealing of interdigitated capacitors.
  • the device processed in step S40 is laser cut to obtain an interdigital capacitor 1, and a protective layer is spin-coated on the interdigital capacitor 1 after cutting; the protective layer here is also made of PDMS material, In order to realize the packaging of the interdigitated capacitor 1 after cutting, and prevent delamination of the interdigitated capacitor 1 .
  • this solution also provides a method for manufacturing a bending sensor, which mainly includes the following steps:
  • a neutral connection layer 21 made of PDMS semi-cured is provided, and the interdigitated capacitors 1 prepared above are bonded in pairs on opposite surfaces of the central connection layer 21, thereby completing the bending Preparation of Sensor 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种叉指电容(1)、弯曲传感器(2)及其制作方法。叉指电容(1)主要包括电极层(11),电极层(11)包括第一电极(111)和第二电极(112);第一电极(111)包括若干相互间隔设置的第一叉指部(1111),相邻两第一叉指部(1111)之间预留有第一安装腔;第二电极(112)包括若干相互间隔设置的第二叉指部(1121),相邻两第二叉指部(1121)之间预留有第二安装腔;第一叉指部(1111)伸入设置在第二安装腔内、第二叉指部(1121)伸入设置在第一安装腔内以呈互补式设置并形成电极层(11),且第一电极(111)与第二电极(112)之间预留有安装间隙(113),电极层(11)的截面呈波浪形。弯曲传感器(2)为一种柔性可拉伸并且长期使用下稳定性好的可穿戴式传感器。

Description

一种叉指电容、弯曲传感器及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明属于传感器技术领域,具体涉及一种叉指电容、弯曲传感器及其制作方法。
背景技术
现有的弯曲传感器主要包括两类,一类是基于光纤的弯曲传感器,这类传感器通过测量弯曲的光纤内部的光密度、相位、波长或极化来进行弯曲测量。基于光纤的弯曲传感器的构造包括发射光源的LED、可弯曲的外壳、内部的光纤以及探测光的性质的接收器等。另一类是基于电阻或者电容变化的柔性弯曲传感器,弯曲时此类传感器发生形变,导致电阻或电容变化,从而得到弯曲信息。
对于电容式传感器,通常以添加了纳米填充物的超弹性材料作为电极,通过两个电极间介质结构的调节,得到电极间距离易于改变的结构,从而在接收到外界变形时,得到弯曲信息。对于电阻式传感器,纳米填充物与超弹性材料的结合则作为可变电阻,在变形时,纳米填充物之间的接触面积发生变化,电阻改变,从而得到弯曲信息。对于基于光纤的弯曲传感器,由于其构造复杂,光源部分以及光接收部件为不可拉伸器件,因此其并不适用于可穿戴传感器的应用,应用范围受到较大的限制。
而对于纳米填充物与超弹性材料结合的柔性弯曲传感器而言,纳米填充物与超弹性材料之间存在界面问题。在变形的过程中,纳米填充物在超弹性材料中的移动会导致微裂纹的产生,这些微裂纹在长期的变形与回复后将影响传感器的稳定性。因此,基于纳米填充物与超弹性材料的弯曲传感器,其长期稳定性是一个严重问题。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的上述缺点,本发明的目的是提供一种叉指电容、弯曲传感器及其制作方法,以提供一种柔性可拉伸并且长期使用下稳定性好的可穿戴式传感器。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种叉指电容,包括电极层,所述电极层包括第一电极和第二电极;
所述第一电极包括若干相互间隔设置的第一叉指部,相邻两所述第一叉指部之间预留有第一安装腔;所述第二电极包括若干相互间隔设置的第二叉指部,相邻两所述第二叉指部之间预留有第二安装腔;
所述第一叉指部伸入设置在所述第二安装腔内、所述第二叉指部伸入设置在所述第一安装腔内以呈互补式设置并形成所述电极层,且所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间预留有安装间隙,所述电极层的截面呈波浪形。
作为优选,所述第一电极、第二电极的截面呈波浪形,且所述第一电极、第二电极在互补式设置后的截面的波浪形相重叠。
作为优选,在所述电极层的两侧面上设置有薄膜塑料层。
作为优选,所述薄膜塑料层由Parylene C制成。
作为优选,在所述电极层的两侧面的外侧还设置有超弹性材料层。
作为优选,所述超弹性材料层由PDMS制成。
一种弯曲传感器,包括中性连接层,所述中性连接层包括相对平行设置的一组第一安装面,所述第一安装面上分别设置有以上所述的一种叉指电容。
作为优选,所述中性连接层还包括相对平行设置的一组第二安装面,所述第二安装面之间的垂线与所述第一安装面之间的垂线呈角度相交;
所述第二安装面上分别设置有所述叉指电容。
一种叉指电容的制备方法,适用于以上所述的一种叉指电容,包括以下步骤:
S10.对单个硅晶片进行湿氧化处理以形成二氧化硅层,在二氧化硅层上第一次旋涂光刻胶后,采用各向异性氧化物对二氧化硅层进行蚀刻以形成波浪结构模型,然后第二次喷涂光刻胶以在波浪结构模型表层形成牺牲层;
S20.在所述波浪结构模型的表面上第一次蒸镀塑料薄膜层以形成柔性基板,在形成的柔性基板上进行光刻胶的第三次喷涂后,对第三次喷涂后形成的光刻胶层进行图案化处理,并在图案化处理后溅射一层电极层,以在所述波浪结构模型的表面上获得所述第一电极、第二电极,然后再在形成的所述电极层的表面上第二次蒸镀所述塑料薄膜层;
S30.将第二次蒸镀的所述塑料薄膜层的表面活化为亲水表面,然后在活化后的表面上第一次填充超弹性材料以形成超弹性材料层;
S40.在所述牺牲层处将结构层与波浪结构模型进行分离,然后将第一次蒸镀的所述塑料薄膜层的表面活化为亲水表面,然后在活化后的表面上第二次填充超弹性材料以形成超弹性材料层;
S50.对步骤S40处理后的器件进行切割以获得叉指电容,并在切割后的所述叉指电容上旋涂一层防护层。
一种弯曲传感器的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
设置中性连接层,并将上述所制得的所述叉指电容成对地粘合设置在所述中心连接层的 相对面上。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果包括有:
1.本方案中设计了一种基于波浪结构电极的弯曲传感器,其中波浪结构的电极作为叉指电容的电极,拉伸时,叉指电极之间的角度会发生改变,导致正负电极间的正对面积和距离发生变化,从而引起电容的变化。当位于中性连接层两侧的两个叉指电容出现变化时,说明弯曲的发生,其电容变化的差值即可用来定量描述弯曲的大小。
2.本方案中对应电极层设置有塑料薄膜层和超弹性材料层,将电极层设置在两层塑料薄膜层中间,可以有效保护第一电极、第二电极在拉伸的过程中不会被破坏;而将设置有塑料薄膜层的电极层设置在两层超弹性材料层中间,实现将超弹性材料层作为外封装层,用可拉伸的波浪结构电极代替了纳米填充物与超弹性材料的混合物,避免了传统技术上无法拉伸弯曲及使用稳定性降低的问题,同时实现了柔性可拉伸的可穿戴式传感器的制作。
3.在制备方案上,用基于硅片的微加工工艺得到波浪结构模型,并图形化形成三维式叉指电容,实现了弯曲传感器的批量生产流程。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明叉指电容的结构示意图。
图2为本发明弯曲传感器其一实例下的结构示意图。
图3为本发明弯曲传感器另一实例下的结构示意图。
图4为本发明叉指电容的制备流程示意图。
其中:
1-叉指电容,11-电极层,111-第一电极,1111-第一叉指部,112-第二电极,1121-第二叉指部,113-安装间隙,12-塑料薄膜层,13-超弹性材料层;
2-弯曲传感器,21-中性连接层;
3-硅晶片,31-二氧化硅层,32-光刻胶。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施方式及实施方式 中的特征可以相互组合。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,所描述的实施方式仅仅是本发明一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。
实施例1
如图1-4所示,本实施例中提供一种叉指电容1,主要包括电极层11、塑料薄膜层12和超弹性材料层13。
具体地,所述电极层11包括第一电极111和第二电极112。所述第一电极111包括若干相互间隔设置的第一叉指部1111,相邻两所述第一叉指部1111之间预留有第一安装腔;所述第二电极112包括若干相互间隔设置的第二叉指部1121,相邻两所述第二叉指部1121之间预留有第二安装腔;通过将所述第一叉指部1111伸入设置在所述第二安装腔内、将所述第二叉指部1121伸入设置在所述第一安装腔内以呈互补式设置并形成所述电极层11。本实施例中,在所述第一电极111与所述第二电极112之间预留有安装间隙113,以使得第一电极111与第二电极112之间为互不接触,并且将所述电极层11的截面设置呈波浪形。
作为一种优选的方案,本实施例中的所述第一电极111、第二电极112的截面亦呈波浪形设置,且所述第一电极111、第二电极112在互补式设置以形成所述电极层11后,其截面的波浪形为相互重叠式设置。
所述塑料薄膜层12即为设置在由所述第一电极111、第二电极112所形成的所述电极层11的两侧面上。作为一种优选的方案,本实施例中的所述塑料薄膜层12由Parylene C制成。使得叉指电容1在形变发生时,可保护第一电极111、第二电极112仅经历波浪结构的拉直过程,而不经历电极本身的拉断,从而保证弯曲传感器2在形变时的电学性能的稳定性。
此外,在两侧设置有所述塑料薄膜层12的所述电极层11的两侧,还设置有超弹性材料层13。作为一种优选的方案,本实施例中的所述超弹性材料层13由PDMS制成。所述超弹性材料层13兼作封装层,以将具有波浪结构的叉指电容1封装在内,赋予器件拉伸与回复的能力,同时免去了所述电极层11与所述塑料薄膜层12在空气中的暴露,保证了器件在长期工作中的稳定性。
在此基础上,本实施例中还提供有一种弯曲传感器2,包括中性连接层21,本实施例中,所述中性连接层21由PDMS材料制成,并呈半固化设置。在其中的一个应用实例中,在所述 中性连接层21上设置有一组相对平行设置的第一安装面,并在所述第一安装面上分别设置有以上所述的一种叉指电容1,从而形成一维度上的弯曲传感器2。
在其中的另一个应用实例中,将所述中性连接层21设置为矩形体,以使得所述中性连接层21还包括相对平行设置的一组第二安装面,所述第二安装面之间的垂线与所述第一安装面之间的垂线呈直角相交;并在所述第二安装面上分别设置有所述叉指电容1,以形成另一维度上的弯曲传感器2。
通过本方案叉指电容1与所述中性连接层21的配合使用,以形成可穿戴、可拉伸的弯曲传感器2,其在动态运动检测领域拥有客观的应用前景,包括人机互动,机器人电子皮肤等领域。例如,将有此弯曲传感器2的手套带在手上,做手势时,弯曲传感器2可精确得到手势,并将此信息发送给机器人,从而控制机器人的行为。例如,将此弯曲传感器2放置于机器人的关节表面,则可以得到机器人关节弯曲的反馈,实现机器人电子皮肤。
为了便于对本方案的进一步理解,本实施例中还提供有一种叉指电容的制备方法,适用于以上所述的一种叉指电容1,主要包括以下步骤:
S10.第一阶段:制备波浪结构模型。对单个抛光处理后的硅晶片3进行湿氧化处理以形成二氧化硅层31,在二氧化硅层31上第一次旋涂光刻胶后,此处光刻胶采用FH6400L光刻胶;采用各向异性氧化物以及TMAH湿法对二氧化硅层31进行蚀刻以形成等腰三角形状波浪结构,然后采用四甲基氢氧化铵溶液进行润湿以去除等腰三角形的角端结构;然后,在波浪结构表面上第二次喷涂光刻胶32,此处光刻胶32可采用AZ 9260光刻胶;然后在100-150℃的热板上回流3-5分钟,形成具有平滑边角的波浪结构模型。同时,第二次喷涂的光刻胶32也用作牺牲层,以帮助在后续工艺中从该波浪结构模型中剥离制造的器件。
S20.第二阶段:三维叉指电极器件的制备。在所述波浪结构模型的表面上第一次蒸镀塑料薄膜层12以形成柔性基板,所述塑料薄膜层12即采用Parylene C制成;在形成的柔性基板上进行光刻胶的第三次喷涂,此处的光刻胶可采用AZ 9260光刻胶;然后对第三次喷涂后形成的光刻胶层进行图案化处理,并在图案化处理后使用ARC-12M Sputterer溅射一层TiW/Pt电极层11,然后在丙酮和超声波中浸泡3-5分钟后,获得三维的叉指电极器件,包括所述的第一电极111、第二电极112,其中叉指电极为分布在波浪结构模型的上端面上。此时,每个波浪结构的波峰都需要严格的对称设计,以避免光刻过程中出现反光问题。然后将另外的Parylene C蒸发到叉指电极器件上,与第一层Parylene C一起保护电极器件免受拉伸损坏。
S30.第三阶段:叉指电极器件的单侧封装。使用氧气等离子体将第二次蒸镀的Parylene C层减薄至设计厚度,并将Parylene C层的表面活化为亲水表面,为接下来的PDMS涂层工 艺做好准备。然后,将PDMS溶液倒在其表面上,并抽真空以确保PDMS的完全填充,以形成单侧的超弹性材料层13。
S40.第四阶段:叉指电极器件的双侧封装。在70-100℃烘箱中固化1-2小时后,将整个器件浸入丙酮中,并用手术刀划器件上面的牺牲层以使其溶解在丙酮中,以将具有叉指电极器件的结构层与波浪结构模型进行分离,从而在刚性的硅晶片3上分离出可拉伸的叉指电极器件。然后使用上述相同的工艺在分离后的叉指电极器件的背面旋涂PDMS涂层,以形成双侧的超弹性材料层13。
S50.第五阶段:叉指电容的封存。对步骤S40处理后的器件进行激光切割以获得叉指电容1,并在切割后的所述叉指电容1上旋涂一层防护层;此处所述防护层亦为采用PDMS材料制成,以实现对切割后的所述叉指电容1个体的封装,防止叉指电容1出现分层现象。
同时,本方案中还提供有一种弯曲传感器的制作方法,主要包括以下步骤:
设置由PDMS半固化制成的中性连接层21,并将上述所制得的所述叉指电容1成对地粘合设置在所述中心连接层21的相对面上,从而完成所述弯曲传感器2的制备。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,故凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种叉指电容,其特征在于,包括电极层,所述电极层包括第一电极和第二电极;
    所述第一电极包括若干相互间隔设置的第一叉指部,相邻两所述第一叉指部之间预留有第一安装腔;所述第二电极包括若干相互间隔设置的第二叉指部,相邻两所述第二叉指部之间预留有第二安装腔;
    所述第一叉指部伸入设置在所述第二安装腔内、所述第二叉指部伸入设置在所述第一安装腔内以呈互补式设置并形成所述电极层,且所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间预留有安装间隙,所述电极层的截面呈波浪形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种叉指电容,其特征在于,所述第一电极、第二电极的截面呈波浪形,且所述第一电极、第二电极在互补式设置后的截面的波浪形相重叠。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种叉指电容,其特征在于,在所述电极层的两侧面上设置有薄膜塑料层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种叉指电容,其特征在于,所述薄膜塑料层由Parylene C制成。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的一种叉指电容,其特征在于,在所述电极层的两侧面的外侧还设置有超弹性材料层。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种叉指电容,其特征在于,所述超弹性材料层由PDMS制成。
  7. 一种弯曲传感器,其特征在于,包括中性连接层,所述中性连接层包括相对平行设置的一组第一安装面,所述第一安装面上分别设置有上述权利要求1-6任一项中所述的一种叉指电容。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种弯曲传感器,其特征在于,所述中性连接层还包括相对平行设置的一组第二安装面,所述第二安装面之间的垂线与所述第一安装面之间的垂线呈角度相交;
    所述第二安装面上分别设置有所述叉指电容。
  9. 一种叉指电容的制备方法,适用于上述权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种叉指电容,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    S10.对单个硅晶片进行湿氧化处理以形成二氧化硅层,在二氧化硅层上第一次旋涂光刻胶后,对二氧化硅层进行蚀刻以形成波浪结构模型,然后第二次喷涂光刻胶以在波浪结构模型表层形成牺牲层;
    S20.在所述波浪结构模型的表面上第一次蒸镀塑料薄膜层以形成柔性基板,在形成的柔性基板上进行光刻胶的第三次喷涂后,对第三次喷涂后形成的光刻胶层进行图案化处理,并在图案化处理后溅射一层电极层,以在所述波浪结构模型的表面上获得所述第一电极、第二 电极,然后再在形成的所述电极层的表面上第二次蒸镀所述塑料薄膜层;
    S30.将第二次蒸镀的所述塑料薄膜层的表面活化为亲水表面,然后在活化后的表面上第一次填充超弹性材料以形成超弹性材料层;
    S40.在所述牺牲层处将结构层与波浪结构模型进行分离,然后将第一次蒸镀的所述塑料薄膜层的表面活化为亲水表面,然后在活化后的表面上第二次填充超弹性材料以形成超弹性材料层;
    S50.对步骤S40处理后的器件进行切割以获得叉指电容,并在切割后的所述叉指电容上旋涂一层防护层。
  10. 一种弯曲传感器的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    设置中性连接层,并将权利要求9中所制得的所述叉指电容成对地粘合设置在所述中心连接层的相对面上。
PCT/CN2022/079911 2021-10-25 2022-03-09 一种叉指电容、弯曲传感器及其制作方法 WO2023071016A1 (zh)

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