WO2023068890A1 - 원통형 배터리, 그리고 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 - Google Patents
원통형 배터리, 그리고 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023068890A1 WO2023068890A1 PCT/KR2022/016200 KR2022016200W WO2023068890A1 WO 2023068890 A1 WO2023068890 A1 WO 2023068890A1 KR 2022016200 W KR2022016200 W KR 2022016200W WO 2023068890 A1 WO2023068890 A1 WO 2023068890A1
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/583—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to current, e.g. fuses
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- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
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- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cylindrical battery, a battery pack including the cylindrical battery, and a vehicle.
- the present invention relates to a cylindrical battery having a structure capable of preventing force from being concentrated on a welding part between parts even when an external shock or vibration is applied during use of the battery, and a battery pack including the same and a vehicle it's about
- the present invention relates to an anode for an electrochemical device having improved electrochemical properties and an electrode assembly including the anode.
- Secondary batteries which are highly applicable to each product group and have electrical characteristics such as high energy density, are used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) driven by electrical sources. It is universally applied.
- EVs electric vehicles
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- a battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series.
- a battery pack is configured by connecting a plurality of batteries in parallel according to a charge/discharge capacity required for the battery pack. Accordingly, the number of batteries included in the battery pack and the type of electrical connection may be variously set according to a required output voltage and/or charge/discharge capacity.
- a separator which is an insulator, is interposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the electrode assembly in the form of a jelly roll is formed by winding the separator, and the electrode assembly is inserted together with an electrolyte into the battery housing to form a battery.
- strip-shaped electrode tabs may be connected to the uncoated portions of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the electrode tab electrically connects the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal exposed to the outside.
- the positive electrode terminal is a cap plate of a sealing body sealing the opening of the battery housing
- the negative electrode terminal is the battery housing.
- a cylindrical battery having a structure in which the positive and negative uncoated regions are located at the upper and lower ends of the jelly roll type electrode assembly, and a current collecting plate is welded to the uncoated region to improve the current collection efficiency. (a so-called tab-less cylindrical battery) was presented.
- FIG. 1 to 3 are views showing a manufacturing process of a tab-less cylindrical battery.
- 1 shows the structure of an electrode
- FIG. 2 shows a winding process of an electrode
- FIG. 3 shows a process of welding a current collector plate to a bent surface of an uncoated portion
- 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tab-less cylindrical battery cut in the longitudinal direction (Y).
- the positive electrode 500 includes a positive electrode active material portion 520 in a positive electrode sheet 500S and a positive electrode uncoated portion 530 on one long side along a winding direction
- the negative electrode 400 The negative electrode sheet 400S has a structure including the negative electrode active material portion 420 and the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 on one long side along the winding direction.
- the electrode assembly 300 is manufactured by sequentially stacking the positive electrode 500 and the negative electrode 400 together with two sheets of the separator 600 as shown in FIG. 2 and then winding them in one direction (X). At this time, the uncoated portion 530 of the positive electrode 500 and the uncoated portion 430 of the negative electrode 400 are disposed in opposite directions.
- the uncoated portion 530 of the positive electrode 500 and the uncoated portion 430 of the negative electrode 400 are bent toward the core. After that, the current collector plates 50 and 30 are welded and coupled to the uncoated portions 530 and 430 , respectively.
- Electrode tabs are not coupled to the positive uncoated portion 530 and the negative uncoated portion 430, the current collector plates 50 and 30 are connected to external electrode terminals, and a current path winds the electrode assembly 300. Since it is formed with a large cross-sectional area along the axial direction (see arrow), it has the advantage of lowering the resistance of the battery. This is because resistance is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the path through which current flows.
- the conventional tab-less cylindrical battery 1 includes a battery housing 20 and a sealing body A as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the sealing body (A) includes a cap plate (40), a sealing gasket (G1) and a connection plate (C1).
- the sealing gasket G1 surrounds the edge of the cap plate 40 and is fixed by the crimping part 22 .
- the electrode assembly 300 is fixed within the battery housing 20 by the beading part 21 to prevent vertical movement.
- the positive terminal is the cap plate 40 of the sealing body (A) and the negative terminal is the battery housing 20.
- the second collector plate 50 coupled to the uncoated portion 530 of the anode 500 is electrically connected to the connection plate C1 attached to the cap plate 40 through the strip-shaped lead L.
- the first collector plate 30 coupled to the uncoated portion 430 of the negative electrode 400 is electrically connected to the bottom of the battery housing 20 .
- the insulator S covers the second collector plate 50 to prevent a short circuit from being caused by contact between the battery housing 20 having a different polarity and the non-coated portion 530 of the positive electrode 500 .
- a lead L in the form of a strip is used.
- the lead L is separately attached to the second current collector 50 or manufactured integrally with the second current collector 50 .
- the lead L is in the form of a strip having a thin thickness, a large amount of heat is generated when a rapid charging current flows because the cross-sectional area is small.
- excessive heat generated in the lead L is transferred to the side of the electrode assembly 300 and causes the separation membrane 600 to shrink, thereby causing an internal short circuit, which is a major cause of thermal runaway.
- the lid (L) also occupies a significant installation space within the battery housing (20). Therefore, the cylindrical battery 1 including the lead L has low space efficiency and thus has limitations in increasing energy density.
- conventional cylindrical batteries generally have a structure in which a tab connecting an electrode assembly and an external terminal is welded to a foil of the electrode assembly.
- a cylindrical battery having such a structure has a limited current path and has a very high self-resistance of the electrode assembly.
- the application of the electrode assembly and the current collector plate of this new structure is more necessary for devices that require a battery pack having high output/high capacity, such as, for example, an electric vehicle.
- a battery pack having such a large capacity and high output may include, for example, a cylindrical battery as a unit cell.
- electrode tabs may be provided on both sides of the jelly roll to increase current collection efficiency, and current collector plates may be coupled to both sides of the jelly roll.
- a positive electrode active material in the form of a single particle or quasi-single particle having a relatively large primary particle size has been developed.
- the electrode was broken in a state where the porosity was not achieved to a target level, and there was a problem in that the resistance characteristics and charge/discharge efficiency of the lithium secondary battery were not good.
- the present invention has been devised in consideration of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a current collector plate having a structure suitable for an electrode assembly having a low resistance structure and a cylindrical battery including the same.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a current collector plate having a structure capable of improving the bonding strength of a coupling portion between the current collector plate and a battery housing, and a cylindrical battery including the same.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a current collector having a structure capable of improving the energy density of a cylindrical battery and a cylindrical battery including the same.
- the present invention provides a current collector having a structure capable of improving productivity by increasing the convenience of a welding process for electrically connecting a battery housing and a current collector plate in manufacturing a cylindrical battery, and a cylindrical battery including the same. aims to do
- the shock and / or vibration can be dispersed without being concentrated in a specific area, thereby preventing damage to the joint between parts. do.
- the present invention allows the current collector plate itself to perform the current blocking function without additional installation of a current blocking member, so that the current is quickly cut off when an overcurrent occurs due to a short circuit, etc., so that safety in battery use can be secured. It serves another purpose.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide an electrode that can implement excellent thermal stability, high electrical conductivity and high rolling characteristics by applying a single particle or quasi-single particle as a cathode active material, and an electrode assembly including the same.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide an electrode assembly with improved energy density by including a silicon-based negative electrode active material in the negative electrode.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide an electrode assembly in which the section of the cathode active material section is increased without worrying about precipitation of lithium.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical battery that can exhibit excellent thermal stability even when the volume of the battery increases due to an increase in form factor.
- the present invention provides a cylindrical lithium secondary battery capable of exhibiting excellent thermal stability even when its volume increases.
- a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems includes an electrode assembly including a first electrode tab and a second electrode tab; a battery housing accommodating the electrode assembly through an open portion formed at one side and electrically connected to the first electrode tab; A support portion disposed on one surface of the electrode assembly, at least one first tab coupling portion extending from the support portion and coupled to the first electrode tab, and extending from an end of the first tab coupling portion on the inner surface of the battery housing.
- a first current collector plate including at least one housing coupling part coupled to the housing; An edge portion disposed on the other surface opposite to one surface of the electrode assembly, a second tab coupling portion extending inward from the edge portion and coupled to the second electrode tab, and spaced apart from the second tab coupling portion a second current collecting plate having a terminal coupling portion positioned thereon; a cap plate configured to seal an opening of the battery housing; and a battery terminal electrically connected to the second electrode tab by being coupled to the terminal coupling part.
- the battery housing may include a beading portion formed at an end adjacent to the opening portion and press-fitted toward the inside.
- the housing coupling part may be coupled to the beading part of the battery housing.
- the housing coupling part may include a contact part coupled to the beading part of the battery housing; and a first connection portion connecting between the first tab coupling portion and the contact portion.
- the cylindrical battery may include a sealing gasket provided between the battery housing and the cap plate.
- the contact portion may be interposed and fixed between the beading portion of the battery housing and the sealing gasket.
- a welding portion may be formed between the beading portion of the battery housing and the contact portion of the first current collector plate.
- the first tab coupling part may be disposed inside a region having a circumference of the electrode assembly as a rim.
- the cylindrical battery may include a plurality of first tab coupling parts and a plurality of housing coupling parts, respectively.
- the first connection part may include at least one bending part whose extension direction is changed.
- the contact portion may have an arc shape extending along the beading portion of the battery housing.
- the first connection part may have an arc shape extending along the contact part.
- the edge portion may have a rim shape with an empty center.
- the second tab coupling portion and the terminal coupling portion may be electrically connected by the edge portion.
- the terminal coupling part may be located in the center of the inner space of the rim part.
- the second current collector plate may further include a second connection portion extending inwardly from the edge portion and connected to the terminal coupling portion.
- At least a portion of the second connection portion may have a smaller width than that of the second tab coupling portion.
- the second connection part may include a tapered part whose width gradually decreases in a direction from an inner surface of the edge part toward the terminal coupling part.
- a plurality of second tab coupling parts may be provided.
- the plurality of second tab coupling parts may be disposed at equal intervals from each other along an extending direction of the edge part.
- Extension lengths of each of the plurality of second tab coupling parts may be formed to be the same as each other.
- the terminal coupling portion may be disposed to be surrounded by a plurality of second tab coupling portions.
- the second connection part is located between a pair of second tap-coupled parts adjacent to each other, and a distance from the second connection part to any one of the pair of second tap-coupled parts along the extension direction of the edge part is The distance from the second connection part to the other one of the pair of second tap coupling parts along the extending direction of the edge part may be the same.
- the second connection unit may be provided in plurality.
- Each of the plurality of second connection parts may be disposed between a pair of second tab coupling parts adjacent to each other.
- the plurality of second connection parts may be disposed at equal intervals from each other along an extension direction of the edge part.
- the second connection part may include a notching part formed to reduce a width of the second connection part.
- the second connection portion may include a notching portion formed to reduce a width of the second connection portion, and the notching portion may be located closer to the tapered portion than the terminal coupling portion.
- the terminal coupling part may be disposed at a position corresponding to a hole formed in the winding center of the jelly roll.
- the second electrode tab may extend toward a closed portion positioned on the opposite side of the open portion of the battery housing.
- the second tab coupling part may be coupled to a coupling surface formed by bending an end portion of the second electrode tab along a direction parallel to the second current collector plate.
- the cap plate may be configured not to have a polarity because it is not connected to the electrode assembly.
- the battery terminal may pass through a closed portion positioned on the opposite side of the open portion of the battery housing.
- the cylindrical battery may further include an insulator interposed between the closure part and the second current collector plate.
- the battery terminal may pass through the insulator and be coupled to the terminal coupling portion of the second current collecting plate.
- the second collector plate is interposed between the battery housing closure of the cylindrical battery and the electrode assembly, and is coupled to one surface of the electrode assembly.
- the second current collector may include an edge portion; a second tab coupling portion extending inwardly from the edge portion and coupled to an electrode tab of a second polarity provided in the electrode assembly; and a terminal coupling portion spaced apart from the second tab coupling portion.
- the active material layer of the second electrode includes a positive electrode active material including a single particle, a quasi-single particle, or a combination thereof, and D min , which is a minimum particle size in a cumulative volume distribution of the positive electrode active material, is 1.0 ⁇ m or more;
- D min which is a minimum particle size in a cumulative volume distribution of the positive electrode active material, is 1.0 ⁇ m or more;
- the particle size D 50 when the volume cumulative amount is 50% may be 5.0 ⁇ m or less, and the maximum particle size D max appearing in the volume cumulative distribution of the positive electrode active material may be 12 ⁇ m to 17 ⁇ m. there is.
- the cathode active material has a unimodal particle size distribution showing a single peak in a volume cumulative particle size distribution graph, and a particle size distribution (PSD) represented by the following formula may be 3 or less.
- PSD particle size distribution
- the single particle, quasi-single particle, or a combination thereof may be included in an amount of 95wt% to 100wt% based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material included in the active material layer of the second electrode.
- the cathode active material may include a lithium nickel-based oxide containing 80 mol% or more of Ni based on the total number of moles of the transition metal.
- the active material layer of the second electrode may have a porosity of 15% to 23%, and the active material layer of the second electrode may include flaky graphite in a weight ratio of 0.05wt% to 5wt%.
- the active material layer of the second electrode may further include carbon nanotubes.
- the active material layer of the first electrode may include a silicon-based negative active material and a carbon-based negative active material, and the silicon-based negative active material and the carbon-based negative active material may be included in a weight ratio of 1:99 to 20:80.
- a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-described cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- An automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention as described above.
- resistance can be greatly reduced in electrical connection between the electrode assembly and the battery housing.
- the bonding strength of the coupling portion between the current collector plate and the battery housing can be improved.
- the energy density of a cylindrical battery can be improved.
- the convenience of a welding process for electrically connecting the battery housing and the current collector plate is increased, thereby improving productivity.
- the shock and / or vibration can be dispersed without being concentrated on a specific part, so that damage occurs at the joint between parts can prevent it from happening.
- the thermal stability of the battery can be further improved by including the positive electrode active material powder having D min of 1.0 ⁇ m or more in the positive electrode.
- the positive electrode active material powder having D min of 1.0 ⁇ m or more in the positive electrode.
- D min minimum particle size
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material powder in which D 50 , D max , and particle size distribution (PSD) are appropriately adjusted, thereby minimizing an increase in resistance due to application of single particles, Excellent capacitance and output characteristics can be realized.
- D 50 , D max , and particle size distribution (PSD) are appropriately adjusted, thereby minimizing an increase in resistance due to application of single particles, Excellent capacitance and output characteristics can be realized.
- the conductivity of the electrode may be improved by including a single-grain cathode active material coated with a conductive coating layer or by containing novel CNTs as a conductive material.
- the flaky graphite is included in the cathode active material layer, when the cathode active material layer is rolled, the flaky graphite provides a sliding effect to the cathode active material to improve the rolling characteristics of the electrode, the electrode The porosity can be reduced to a target level. Accordingly, stability, initial resistance characteristics, and charge/discharge efficiency of the cylindrical battery are improved.
- a higher energy density can be realized by including a silicon-based negative electrode active material having a large capacity in the negative electrode.
- the loading reduction portion having a small loading amount of the cathode active material is included in the cathode, the section of the cathode active material portion may be increased without worrying about lithium precipitation.
- 1 is a plan view showing the structure of an electrode used in a conventional tap-less cylindrical battery cell.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a winding process of an electrode assembly included in a conventional tab-less cylindrical battery cell.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a process of welding a current collector plate to a curved surface of an uncoated portion in the electrode assembly of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional tab-less cylindrical battery cell cut in a longitudinal direction (Y).
- FIG. 5 is a view showing part of a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing part of a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cylindrical battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing part of a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cylindrical battery according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a view for explaining a first collector plate included in the cylindrical battery of FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a first current collector according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a first current collecting plate according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating a cylindrical battery and a bus bar for electrically connecting a plurality of cylindrical batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an upper structure of a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing the combination of the electrode assembly and the second current collector according to the present invention.
- 15 to 18 are views illustrating various shapes of a second current collector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 19 and 20 are views illustrating various forms of a second current collector according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 21 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a lower structure of a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a view showing a lower surface of a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 26 is a scanning micrograph of a novel CNT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 27 is a table showing a comparison of physical properties of reference CNTs and new CNTs.
- 28 to 31 are graphs showing sheet resistance and high-temperature lifespan characteristics for each conductive material ratio when single-grain active material particles are applied as the positive electrode active material.
- 33A is a SEM picture of the positive electrode active material used in Example 2-1 of the present invention.
- 33B is a SEM picture of the positive electrode active material used in Example 2-2 of the present invention.
- 33c is a SEM picture of the cathode active material used in Comparative Example 2-2 of the present invention.
- 34A is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured according to Example 1 of the present invention.
- 34B is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured according to Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.
- 34C is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Sample 1 of Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 of the present invention.
- 34D is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Samples 2 and 3 of Example 2-1, Samples 1 and 2 of Example 2-2, and Comparative Example 2-2 of the present invention.
- 35A is a cross-sectional SEM image of an anode prepared in Example 2-1 of the present invention.
- 35B is a cross-sectional SEM image of a positive electrode prepared in Comparative Example 2-1.
- 36a is a graph showing the results of measuring resistance characteristics according to SOC while charging coin half cells including positive electrodes according to Examples 3-3, Comparative Example 3-1, and Comparative Example 3-2 of the present invention up to 4.2V; am.
- 36B is a graph of capacity retention and resistance increase (DCIR increase) obtained through charge/discharge cycle experiments for 4680 cells according to Examples 3-1, 3-3, and Comparative Example 3-1 of the present invention. It is a graph showing the measurement result.
- FIG. 37 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the cutting line A-A' of FIG. 37;
- 39 and 40 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 41 is a perspective view showing a negative electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 42 and 43 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 44 is a perspective view showing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 45 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- 46 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the cutting line BB' of FIG. 45;
- 47 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a negative electrode according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- FIG. 48 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a positive electrode according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- FIG. 49 is a graph showing changes in energy density according to the content of the silicon-based negative active material and the presence or absence of doping of the silicon-based negative active material in a battery using a mixture of a silicon-based negative active material and a carbon-based negative active material as the negative electrode active material.
- a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is said to be “on” or “on” another part, this includes not only the case where it is “directly on” the other part, but also the case where there is another part in the middle. . Conversely, when a part is said to be “directly on” another part, it means that there is no other part in between.
- a reference part means to be located above or below the reference part, and to necessarily be located “on” or “on” in the opposite direction of gravity does not mean no.
- planar image it means when the target part is viewed from above, and when it is referred to as “cross-sectional image”, it means when a cross section of the target part cut vertically is viewed from the side.
- a cylindrical battery 1 includes an electrode assembly 300, a battery housing 20, a first collector plate 30, a cap plate 40, and a battery terminal 60. ).
- the cylindrical battery 1 may further include a sealing gasket G1 and/or an insulating gasket G2 and/or a second current collector 50 and/or an insulator S.
- the electrode assembly 300 includes a first electrode tab 11 and a second electrode tab 12 .
- the electrode assembly 300 includes a first electrode having a first polarity, a second electrode having a second polarity, and a separator interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
- the first electrode is a cathode or an anode
- the second electrode corresponds to an electrode having a polarity opposite to that of the first electrode.
- the electrode assembly 300 may be manufactured by winding a laminate formed by sequentially stacking a first electrode, a separator, a second electrode, and a separator at least once. That is, the electrode assembly 300 applied to the present invention may be a jelly-roll type electrode assembly.
- the jelly-roll type electrode assembly 300 has a winding center hole H1 formed at its center and extending along a height direction (a direction parallel to the height direction of the cylindrical battery 1 shown in FIG. 5). can be provided Meanwhile, an additional separator may be provided on the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 300 for insulation from the battery housing 20 .
- the first electrode includes a first electrode current collector and a first electrode active material layer applied on one or both surfaces of the first electrode current collector. At one end of the first electrode current collector in the width direction (a direction parallel to the height direction of the cylindrical battery 1 shown in FIG. 5 ), there is a non-coated portion to which the first electrode active material is not coated.
- the first electrode uncoated portion has a shape extending from one end to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the first electrode when viewed from the unfolded state of the first electrode.
- the first electrode uncoated portion functions as the first electrode tab 11 as described above.
- the first electrode tab 11 is provided above the electrode assembly 300 accommodated in the battery housing 20 in the height direction (a direction parallel to the height direction of the cylindrical battery 1 shown in FIG. 5).
- the first electrode tab 11 may be, for example, a negative electrode tab.
- the second electrode includes a second electrode current collector and a second electrode active material layer applied on one or both surfaces of the second electrode current collector. At the other end of the second electrode collector in the width direction (a direction parallel to the height direction of the cylindrical battery 1 shown in FIG. 5 ), there is a non-coated portion to which the second electrode active material is not applied.
- the second electrode uncoated portion has a shape extending from one end to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the second electrode when viewed from the unfolded state of the second electrode.
- the second electrode uncoated portion functions as the second electrode tab 12 as described above.
- the second electrode tab 12 is provided below the electrode assembly 300 accommodated in the battery housing 20 in the height direction.
- the second electrode tab 12 may be, for example, a positive electrode tab.
- first electrode tab 11 and the second electrode tab 12 extend and protrude in opposite directions along the height direction of the cylindrical battery 1 .
- the present invention is not limited to this form of the electrode assembly 300.
- the battery housing 20 is a substantially cylindrical receptor having an open portion formed on one side thereof, and is made of a conductive metal material.
- a side surface of the battery housing 20 and a lower surface (lower surface with reference to FIG. 5 ) located on the opposite side of the opening may be integrally formed. That is, the battery housing 20 may have an open upper end and a closed lower end in the height direction.
- a lower surface of the battery housing 20 may have a substantially flat shape.
- the battery housing 20 accommodates the electrode assembly 300 through an opening formed on one side in the height direction thereof.
- the battery housing 20 may also accommodate electrolyte through the opening.
- the present invention is not limited to this form of the battery housing 20.
- the battery housing 20 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 300 .
- the battery housing 20 is connected to the first electrode tab 11 of the electrode assembly 300 . Accordingly, the battery housing 20 has the same polarity as the first electrode tab 11 electrically.
- the battery housing 20 may include a beading portion 21 formed at an end adjacent to the opening portion and press-fitted toward the inside.
- the battery housing 20 may have a beading portion 21 formed at an upper end.
- the battery housing 20 may further include a crimping portion 22 formed above the beading portion 21 .
- the beading part 21 has a shape in which the circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the battery housing 20 is press-fitted to a predetermined depth.
- the beading part 21 is formed on the upper part of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the inner diameter of the battery housing 20 in the area where the beading part 21 is formed is smaller than the diameter of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the beading part 21 provides a support surface on which the cap plate 40 can be seated.
- the beading part 21 may provide a support surface on which at least a part of the edge circumference of the first current collector plate 30, which will be described later, can be seated and coupled. That is, at least a part of the periphery of the first current collector 30 and/or the periphery of the cap plate 40 may be seated on the upper surface of the beading part 21 .
- the beading portion 21 At least a portion of the upper surface may extend along a direction substantially parallel to the lower surface of the battery housing 20 , that is, along a direction substantially perpendicular to the sidewall of the battery housing 20 .
- the crimping part 22 is formed on the upper part of the beading part 21 .
- the crimping part 22 has an extended and bent shape to surround the periphery of the cap plate 40 disposed above the beading part 21 . Due to the shape of the crimping portion 22 , the cap plate 40 is fixed on the beading portion 21 .
- the first collector plate 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention is accommodated inside the battery housing 20, is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 300, and also the battery housing ( 20) is electrically connected. That is, the first collector plate 30 electrically connects the electrode assembly 300 and the battery housing 20 to each other.
- the first current collector plate 30 includes a support portion 31 disposed on one surface of the electrode assembly 300 and at least one first tab coupling extending from the support portion 31 and coupled to the first electrode tab 11. portion 32 and at least one housing coupling portion 33 extending from the end of the first tab coupling portion 32 and coupled to the inner surface of the battery housing 20 and located within the battery housing.
- the support part 31 and the at least one first tab coupling part 32 are disposed on the electrode assembly 300, and in the case where the beading part 21 is formed in the battery housing 20, the beading part 21 ) may be located lower than
- the support part 31 may have a first collector plate hole H2 formed at a position corresponding to the winding hole H1 formed at the approximate center of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the winding hole H1 and the first collector plate hole H2 communicating with each other are welded between the battery terminal 60 and the second collector plate 50 or between the battery terminal 60 and a lead tab (not shown), which will be described later. It can function as a passage for insertion of a welding rod for welding or irradiation of a laser.
- the support part 31 may have a substantially circular plate shape.
- the support part 31 may have a ring-shaped plate shape having a first current collector hole H2 at its center.
- the at least one first tab coupling part 32 may have a shape extending substantially radially from the support part 31 toward the sidewall of the battery housing 20 .
- the first tab coupling part 32 may be provided in plural numbers, for example.
- each of the plurality of first tab coupling parts 32 may be spaced apart from each other along the circumference of the support part 31 .
- the bonding area with the first electrode tab 11 can be increased. Accordingly, bonding force between the first electrode tab 11 and the first tab coupling part 32 may be secured and electrical resistance may be reduced.
- An end of the first tab coupling part 32 in the longitudinal direction may be positioned further inside than an innermost part of the beading part 21 formed in the battery housing 20 . More specifically, the boundary area between the first tab coupling portion 32 and the housing coupling portion 33 is directed toward the winding hole H1 rather than the innermost portion of the beading portion 21 formed on the battery housing 20. can be located further inside. According to this structure, damage to the joint between parts that may occur due to excessive bending of the first collector plate 30 to place the end of the housing coupling portion 33 on the beading portion 21 is prevented. can do.
- the first tab coupling part 32 not only the first tab coupling part 32 but also the support part 31 is provided with the first electrode. It can also be combined with the tab (11).
- An end of the first electrode tab 11 may be formed in a bent shape parallel to the first tab coupling part 32 . In this way, when the end of the first electrode tab 11 is formed and coupled to the first tab coupling portion 32 in parallel with the first tab coupling portion 32, the bonding area is increased to improve bonding force and reduce electrical resistance. can be obtained, and the energy density improvement effect can be obtained by minimizing the total height of the electrode assembly 300.
- the housing coupling portion 33 may extend from an end of the first tab coupling portion 32 and be coupled to an inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the housing coupling part 33 may have a shape extending from the end of the first tab coupling part 32 toward the sidewall of the battery housing 20 .
- the housing coupling part 33 may be provided in plural numbers, for example.
- each of the plurality of housing coupling parts 33 may be spaced apart from each other along the circumference of the support part 31 .
- the housing coupling part 33 may be coupled to the beading part 21 of the inner surface of the battery housing 20 . As shown in FIGS.
- the upper surface of the beading part 21 has a form extending in a direction substantially parallel to the lower surface of the battery housing 20, that is, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sidewall of the battery housing 20, and the housing
- the coupling part 33 also has a shape extending along the same direction, so that the housing coupling part 33 can stably contact the beading part 21 .
- welding between the two components can be performed smoothly, thereby improving the coupling force between the two components and minimizing the increase in resistance at the coupling portion. You can get it.
- the first collector plate 30 is coupled to the beading portion 21 of the battery housing 20 instead of the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of the battery housing 20, the first collector plate 30 The distance between the beading part 21 may be reduced. Thus, the dead space inside the battery housing 20 is minimized, and the energy density of the cylindrical battery 1 can be improved.
- the housing coupling portion 33 connects the contact portion 33a coupled to the inner surface of the battery housing 20 and the first tab coupling portion 32 and the contact portion 33a. It includes a first connection portion (33b) to.
- the contact portion 33a is coupled to the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the contact part 33a may be coupled to the beading part 21 as described above.
- both the beading portion 21 and the contact portion 33a are aligned in a direction substantially parallel to the lower surface of the battery housing 20, that is, substantially perpendicular to the sidewall of the battery housing 20, for stable contact and coupling. It may have an elongated shape along the direction.
- the first connection portion 33b may include at least one bending portion B whose extension direction is switched between the support portion 31 and the contact portion 33a. That is, the first connection portion 33b may have a spring-like structure or a bellows-like structure capable of contraction and extension within a certain range, for example.
- the structure of the first connection portion 33b accommodates the electrode assembly 300 to which the first collector plate 30 is coupled within the battery housing 20 even though there is a height distribution of the electrode assembly 300 within a certain range. In the process of doing so, the contact portion 33a is brought into close contact with the beading portion 21.
- the vertical distance D between the contact portion 33a and the support portion 31 in a state in which no external force is applied to the first current collector 30 and no deformation occurs, 30) is the same as the distance in the vertical direction between the upper surface of the beading part 21 and the support part 31 when the electrode assembly 300 in a coupled state is seated in the battery housing 20, or the distance of the first connection part 33b It is preferable to form smaller within the stretchable range.
- the contact portion 33a is a beading portion. (21) It can be naturally adhered to.
- the structure capable of contraction and extension of the first connection portion 33b is constant even when the electrode assembly 300 moves up and down due to vibration and/or shock during use of the cylindrical battery 1 (see FIG. 5). Within the range, the shock caused by the movement of the electrode assembly 300 is alleviated.
- the bending portion B may protrude in a direction toward the winding center of the electrode assembly 300, unlike shown in the drawings. there is.
- the bending direction of the first connection portion 33b is the joint between the first collector plate 30 and the electrode assembly 300 and/or the first collector plate 30 and the battery housing ( This is to prevent damage to the binding site of 20).
- the sizing process is a compression process for reducing the height occupied by the beading portion 21 area of the battery housing 20 in order to reduce the total height of the cylindrical battery 1 in manufacturing the cylindrical battery 1. .
- the bending portion (B) As a result of checking whether or not the bending portion (B) is formed and the degree of damage to the welded portion after the sizing process by changing the protruding direction of the bending portion (B), the bending portion (B) is directed toward the center of the cylindrical battery (1) It was confirmed that almost no damage occurs in the cylindrical battery 1 having a structure in which the first connector 33b is bent so as to protrude.
- the first collector plate 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention has a difference in the shape of the contact portion 33a compared to the first collector plate 30 of FIG. 8 described above, and the others are described above.
- the structure of the first current collector 30 may be substantially the same.
- the contact portion 33a may extend along the inner circumferential surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the contact portion 33a may have an arc shape extending along the beading portion 21 .
- the first collector plate 30 in order to maximize the contact area, the first collector plate 30, the sum of the extended lengths of the contact portions 33a of each of the at least one housing coupling portion 33 is the battery housing. It may be configured to be approximately the same as the inner circumference of (20). Accordingly, it is possible to have an effect of improving bonding force and reducing electrical resistance due to maximization of bonding area.
- a first collector plate 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.
- the first collector plate 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention is different from the first collector plate 30 of FIG. 9 only in the shape of the first connector 33b, except for the above
- the described structure of the first collector plate 30 may be applied in substantially the same way.
- the first connection portion 33b may extend along the inner circumferential surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the contact portion 33a may have an arc shape extending along the battery housing beading portion 21, and the first connection portion 33b may have an arc shape extending along the contact portion 33a.
- the first current collector 30 may not have a bending portion B unlike the first current collector 30 shown in FIG. 8 or 9 . In this way, when the bending portion B is not provided, raw materials required for manufacturing the first current collector 30 can be reduced. Accordingly, the manufacturing cost of the first current collector 30 can be saved.
- the first current collector 30 may have a plurality of irregularities (not shown) formed radially on a surface facing the first electrode tab 11 . When the unevenness is formed, the first current collector plate 30 may be pressed to press-fit the unevenness into the first electrode tab 11 . Ends of the first collector plate 30 and the first electrode tab 11 may be joined by welding, for example, laser welding.
- the cap plate 40 covers the opening formed on one side of the battery housing 20 .
- the cap plate 40 may be seated on the beading part 21 formed in the battery housing 20 .
- the cap plate 40 may be fixed by the crimping portion 22 .
- a sealing gasket G1 may be interposed between the battery housing 20 and the cap plate 40 to improve fixing force and sealing of the battery housing 20 .
- the cap plate 40 is not a part that should function as a passage of current.
- the sealing gasket G1 Application is not essential.
- the battery housing 20 of the present invention may not have the beading part 21 and/or the crimping part 22, in which case the airtight gasket G1 is the battery housing 20 It may be interposed between the cap plate 40 and a structure for fixing provided on the open side of the battery housing 20 to ensure airtightness.
- the cap plate 40 may be made of, for example, a metal material to secure rigidity.
- the cap plate 40 may not have a polarity even if it is made of a conductive metal material. Having no polarity may mean that the cap plate 40 is electrically insulated from the battery housing 20 and the battery terminal 60 to be described below. Accordingly, the cap plate 40 does not function as a positive or negative terminal. Accordingly, the cap plate 40 does not need to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 300 and the battery housing 20, and the material does not necessarily have to be a conductive metal.
- the sealing gasket G1 may have a substantially ring shape surrounding the cap plate 40 .
- the sealing gasket G1 may simultaneously cover the upper, lower and side surfaces of the cap plate 40 .
- the radial length of the part covering the lower surface of the cap plate 40 is greater than the radial length of the part of the sealing gasket G1 that covers the upper surface of the cap plate 40.
- the sealing gasket G1 covering the lower surface of the cap plate 40 can be less than or equal to If the radial length of a portion of the sealing gasket G1 covering the lower surface of the cap plate 40 is excessively long, the sealing gasket G1 may be damaged by the first collector plate ( 30), there is a possibility that the first collector plate 30 may be damaged or the battery housing 20 may be damaged. Accordingly, it is necessary to keep the radial length of the portion of the sealing gasket G1 covering the lower surface of the cap plate 40 small at a certain level. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the radial length of a portion of the sealing gasket G1 covering the lower surface of the cap plate 40 extends beyond the upper surface of the cap plate 40 among the portions of the sealing gasket G1. It may be formed smaller than the radial length of the area to be covered.
- the radial length of the portion of the sealing gasket G1 covering the lower surface of the cap plate 40 is the upper surface of the cap plate 40 among the portions of the sealing gasket G1. It may be the same as the radial length of the region covering the .
- the contact portion 33a may be interposed and fixed between the beading portion 21 and the sealing gasket G1. That is, the contact portion 33a may be fixed due to the crimping force of the crimping portion 22 while the contact portion 33a is interposed between the beading portion 21 and the sealing gasket G1.
- a welding portion may be formed between the beading portion 21 and the contact portion 33a.
- the fixation of the contact portion 33a may not be achieved with only crimping force.
- the sealing gasket G1 is shrunk by heat or the crimping portion 22 is deformed due to an external impact, there is a possibility that the bonding force between the current collector plate and the battery housing 20 is reduced.
- the first current collector plate 30 may be fixed to the battery housing 20 through welding while the contact portion 33a is placed on the beading portion 21 .
- the cylindrical battery 1 may be completed by placing a cap plate covered by the sealing gasket G1 on the top of the contact portion 33a and forming the crimping portion 22 .
- a welding method for example, laser welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding, etc. are possible, but the welding method is not limited thereto.
- the cap plate 40 may include a venting portion 41 formed to prevent an increase in internal pressure due to gas generated inside the battery housing 20 .
- the venting portion 41 is formed on a part of the cap plate 40 and corresponds to an area structurally weaker than the surrounding area so that it can be easily broken when internal pressure is applied.
- the venting part 41 may be a region having a thinner thickness than the peripheral region. Therefore, when an abnormality occurs in the cylindrical battery 1 and the internal pressure of the battery housing 20 increases to a certain level or more, the venting part 41 is broken and the gas generated inside the battery housing 20 is discharged. It can be.
- the venting portion 41 may be formed by partially reducing the thickness of the battery housing 20 by notching one side or both sides of the cap plate 40 , for example.
- the battery terminal 60 is electrically connected to the second electrode tab 12 .
- the battery terminal 60 may be electrically connected to the second electrode tab 12 of the electrode assembly 300 by penetrating the battery housing 20 on the opposite side of the open portion of the battery housing 20 .
- the battery terminal 60 may pass through a substantially central portion of a lower surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the battery terminal 60 may include a terminal exposed portion 60a and a terminal inserted portion 60b.
- the terminal exposed portion 60a is exposed to the outside of the closed surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the terminal exposed portion 60a may be positioned approximately at the center of the closed surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the maximum diameter of the terminal exposed portion 60a may be greater than the maximum diameter of the through hole formed in the battery housing 20 .
- the terminal insertion portion 60b may be electrically connected to the second electrode tab 12 through a substantially central portion of the closed surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the terminal insertion portion 60b may be rivet-coupled on the inner surface of the battery housing 20 . That is, an end of the terminal insertion portion 60b may have a curved shape toward the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the maximum diameter of the end of the terminal insertion portion 60b may be greater than the maximum diameter of the through hole of the battery housing 20 .
- a portion of the battery terminal 60 may be exposed to the outside of the battery housing 20 and the remaining portion may be located inside the battery housing 20 .
- the battery terminal 60 is, for example, coupled to the second current collector plate 50 coupled to the second electrode tab 12, which will be described later, or a lead tab (not shown) coupled to the second electrode tab 12. By being coupled with, it can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 300.
- An inner surface of the terminal insertion portion 60b may be welded to the second current collector plate 50 connected to the second electrode tab 12 .
- An insulator S which will be described later, may be interposed between the second collector plate 50 and the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the battery terminal 60 must maintain an insulated state from the battery housing 20 having a polarity opposite thereto.
- an insulating gasket G2 may be applied between the battery terminal 60 and the battery housing 20 .
- insulation may be realized by coating a portion of the surface of the battery terminal 60 with an insulating material.
- the battery terminals 60 and the battery housing 20 may be arranged in a spaced apart state so that contact is impossible, but a method of structurally firmly fixing the battery terminals 60 may be applied.
- a plurality of methods among the methods described above may be applied together.
- the insulating gasket G2 includes a gasket exposed portion G2a and a gasket inserted portion G2b.
- the gasket exposed portion G2a is interposed between the terminal exposed portion 60a of the battery terminal 60 and the battery housing 20 .
- the gasket insertion portion G2b is interposed between the terminal insertion portion 60b of the rivet terminal 60 and the battery housing 20 .
- the gasket inserting portion G2b may be deformed together during riveting of the terminal inserting portion 60b and come into close contact with the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the insulating gasket G2 may be made of, for example, a polymer resin having insulating properties.
- the gasket exposed portion G2a of the insulating gasket G2 may have an extended shape to cover the outer circumferential surface of the terminal exposed portion 60a of the rivet terminal 60 .
- a short circuit occurs in the process of coupling an electrical connecting component such as a bus bar to the outer surface of the battery housing 20 and/or to the rivet terminal 60. can prevent it from happening.
- the gasket exposed portion G2a may have an extended shape to cover not only the outer circumferential surface of the terminal exposed portion 60a but also a part of the outer circumferential surface thereof.
- the insulating gasket G2 may be coupled to the battery housing 20 and the battery terminal 60 by thermal fusion. In this case, airtightness at the bonding interface between the insulating gasket G2 and the battery terminal 60 and at the bonding interface between the insulating gasket G2 and the battery housing 20 may be enhanced. Meanwhile, in the case where the gasket exposed portion G2a of the insulating gasket G2 has a shape extending to the upper surface of the terminal exposed portion 60a, the battery terminal 60 is integrated with the insulating gasket G2 by insert molding. can be combined with
- the remaining area except for the area occupied by the rivet terminal 60 and the insulating gasket G2 corresponds to the negative terminal having a polarity opposite to that of the rivet terminal 60.
- the cylindrical battery 1 of the present invention has a structure in which a pair of electrode terminals 60 and T1 are located in the same direction. Therefore, in the case of electrically connecting a plurality of cylindrical batteries 1 , it is possible to dispose an electrical connection component such as a bus bar on only one side of the cylindrical battery 1 . This can lead to simplification of the battery pack structure and improvement of energy density.
- the cylindrical battery 1 has a structure in which one surface of the battery housing 20 having a substantially flat shape can be used as the first electrode terminal T1, so that electrical connection parts such as bus bars are connected to the first When bonding to the electrode terminal T1, a sufficient bonding area can be secured. Accordingly, in the cylindrical battery 1, sufficient bonding strength between the electrical connection component and the first electrode terminal T1 may be secured, and resistance at the bonding portion may be reduced to a desired level.
- the insulating gasket G2 when the insulating gasket G2 is applied for electrical insulation and riveting is applied to fix the battery terminals 60, the insulating gasket G2 is deformed together during riveting of the battery terminals 60, and the battery terminals 60 are deformed together. It may be bent toward the inner surface of the top closure of the housing 20 .
- the insulating gasket G2 is made of a resin material, the insulating gasket G2 may be coupled to the battery housing 20 and the battery terminal 60 by thermal fusion. In this case, airtightness at the bonding interface between the insulating gasket G2 and the battery terminal 60 and at the bonding interface between the insulating gasket G2 and the battery housing 20 may be enhanced.
- the entire surface of the battery housing 20 may function as the first electrode terminal T1.
- the first electrode terminal T1 may be a negative electrode terminal.
- the battery terminal 60 exposed on the lower surface opposite the opening of the battery housing 20 and the battery terminal 60 among the lower surfaces of the battery housing 20 are It has a structure in which areas other than the area occupied can be used as the second electrode terminal T2 and the first electrode terminal T1, respectively. Therefore, in the cylindrical battery 1 according to the present invention, both positive and negative electrodes can be connected in one direction in electrically connecting the plurality of cylindrical batteries 1, thereby simplifying the electrical connection structure.
- the cylindrical battery 1 according to the present invention has a structure in which most of the lower surface located on the opposite side of the open portion of the battery housing 20 can be used as an electrode terminal, sufficient parts for electrical connection can be welded. It has the advantage of securing an area.
- a cylindrical battery 1 according to one sealing of the present invention includes an electrode assembly 300, a battery housing 20, a cap plate 40, a second collector plate 50, and a battery terminal. (60).
- the cylindrical battery 1 may further include an airtight gasket G1 and/or an insulating gasket G2 and/or an insulator S and/or a first collector plate 30 in addition to the above-described components. may be
- the electrode assembly 300 includes a first electrode tab 11 and a second electrode tab 12 .
- the second electrode tab 12 may be provided above the electrode assembly 300 accommodated in the battery housing 20 in a height direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis).
- the first electrode tab 11 may be provided below the electrode assembly 300 accommodated in the battery housing 20 in a height direction (a direction parallel to the Z-axis).
- the second electrode tab 12 and the first electrode tab 11 extend in opposite directions along the width direction of the electrode assembly 300, that is, the height direction (parallel to the Z-axis) of the cylindrical battery 1. It can be.
- the second electrode tab 12 may extend toward the closed portion of the battery housing 20
- the first electrode tab 11 may extend toward the open portion of the battery housing 20 .
- the battery housing 20 is a substantially cylindrical container having an open portion formed below, and is made of, for example, a conductive material such as metal. An open part may be formed at a lower end of the height of the battery housing 20 and a closed part may be formed at an upper end.
- the battery housing 20 accommodates the electrode assembly 300 through an opening formed at the lower side and can also accommodate the electrolyte.
- the battery housing 20 may include a beading portion 21 and a crimping portion 22 formed at a lower end thereof.
- the beading part 21 may be located under the electrode assembly 300 .
- the beading portion 21 is formed by press-fitting the outer circumference of the battery housing 20 .
- the beading portion 21 prevents the electrode assembly 300, which may have a size substantially corresponding to the width of the battery housing 20, from escaping through the opening formed at the bottom of the battery housing 20, and the cap plate ( 40) can function as a support to be seated.
- the crimping part 22 may be formed below the beading part 21 .
- the crimping part 22 has a shape extended and bent to cover the outer circumferential surface of the cap plate 40 disposed under the beading part 21 and a part of the lower surface of the cap plate 40 .
- the present invention does not exclude the case where the battery housing 20 does not have such a beading portion 21 and/or crimping portion 22.
- the electrode assembly 300 is fixed and/or the cap plate 40 is fixed and/or the battery
- the sealing of the housing 20 is, for example, a further application of a part that can function as a stopper for the electrode assembly 300 and/or a further application of a structure on which the cap plate 40 can be seated and/or a battery housing It can be realized through welding between (20) and the cap plate (40).
- the area constituting the closed end of the battery housing 20 may have a thickness ranging from about 0.5 mm to about 1.0 mm, more preferably from about 0.6 mm to about 0.8 mm.
- the battery housing 20 may have a thickness of a side wall portion constituting an outer circumferential surface of about 0.3 mm to about 0.8 mm, more preferably about 0.30 mm to about 0.60 mm.
- a plating layer may be formed on the battery housing 20 .
- the plating layer may include, for example, nickel (Ni).
- the plating layer may have a thickness of about 1.5 ⁇ m to about 6.0 ⁇ m.
- the cap plate 40 may seal an opening formed at a lower end of the battery housing 20 . That is, the cap plate 40 may form the lower surface of the cylindrical battery 1 .
- the cylindrical battery 1 may have a structure in which both a positive terminal and a negative terminal are present. Because of this, the upper structure may be more complex than the lower structure. Accordingly, a vent 41 may be formed on the cap plate 40 forming the lower surface of the cylindrical battery 1 to smoothly discharge the gas generated inside the battery housing 20 . As shown in FIG. 19 , the lower end of the cap plate 40 is preferably disposed higher than the lower end of the battery housing 20 . In this case, even if the lower end of the battery housing 20 touches the ground or the bottom surface of the housing for configuring the module or pack, the cap plate 40 does not touch the ground or the bottom surface of the housing for configuring the module or pack. do not reach Therefore, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which the pressure required for rupture of the venting part 41 differs from the design value due to the weight of the cylindrical battery 1, and accordingly, the smoothness of the rupture of the venting part 41 can be secured. .
- the venting part 41 has a closed loop shape as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 , the greater the distance from the center of the cap plate 40 to the venting part 41, the more favorable it is in terms of ease of breakage. do. This is because, when the same venting pressure is applied, as the distance from the central portion of the cap plate 40 to the bent portion 41 increases, the force acting on the bent portion 41 increases, making it easier to break the cap plate 40 . In addition, in terms of smooth discharge of the venting gas, the greater the distance from the center of the cap plate 40 to the venting part 41, the more advantageous it is.
- the venting part 41 is formed along the periphery of a substantially flat area protruding downward from the periphery of the edge of the cap plate 40 (in a downward direction with reference to FIG. 19 ). It can be advantageous to be
- venting part 41 is continuously formed on the cap plate 40 in an approximate circle, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the venting portion 41 may be discontinuously formed on the cap plate 40 in a substantially circular shape, or may be formed in a substantially straight line shape or other shapes.
- the second current collector 50 is coupled to an upper portion of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the second current collecting plate 50 is made of a conductive metal material and is connected to the second electrode tab 12 .
- the second collector plate 50 may be coupled to a coupling surface formed by bending an end portion of the second electrode tab 12 in a direction parallel to the second collector plate 50 .
- the bending direction of the second electrode tab 12 may be, for example, a direction toward the winding center hole H1 of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the second electrode tab 12 has a bent shape as described above, a space occupied by the second electrode tab 12 is reduced, thereby improving energy density.
- bonding force may be improved and resistance may be reduced.
- the second collector plate 50 includes an edge portion 51, a second tab coupling portion 52, and a terminal coupling portion 53.
- the edge portion 51 may have a substantially rim shape in which an empty space E is formed in the center. In the drawings of the present invention, only the case where the rim portion 51 has a substantially circular rim shape is shown, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the edge portion 51 may have a substantially square rim shape or other shapes, unlike those shown.
- the second tab coupling portion 52 extends inwardly from the edge portion 51 and is coupled to the second electrode tab 12 .
- the terminal coupling portion 53 is spaced apart from the second tab coupling portion 52 and is located inside the edge portion 51 .
- the terminal coupling part 53 may be coupled to the battery terminal 60 by welding.
- the terminal coupling part 53 may be located, for example, at the center of the inner space of the edge part 51 .
- the terminal coupling part 53 may be disposed at a position corresponding to the winding center hole H1 of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the second tab coupling portion 52 and the terminal coupling portion 53 are not directly connected but disposed to be spaced apart from each other and electrically connected by an edge portion 51 .
- the second tab coupling portion 52 and the terminal coupling portion 53 are not directly connected to each other, but are connected through the edge portion 51.
- the second collector plate 50 of the present invention has a structure in which stress can be concentrated in the connection portion of the edge portion 51 and the terminal coupling portion 53 when an external impact is applied. Since the welding part for joining is not formed, it is possible to prevent product defects due to damage to the welding part due to external impact.
- the second current collector 50 may further include a second connection portion 54 extending inwardly from the edge portion 51 and connected to the terminal coupling portion 53 . At least a portion of the second connection portion 54 may have a smaller width than that of the second tab coupling portion 52 . In this case, the electrical resistance increases in the second connection portion 54, and when current flows through the second connection portion 54, a greater resistance occurs compared to other parts, and as a result, when an overcurrent occurs, the second connection portion A part of (54) is broken so that overcurrent can be blocked.
- the width of the second connection portion 54 may be adjusted to an appropriate level in consideration of the overcurrent blocking function.
- the second connection portion 54 may include a tapered portion 54a whose width gradually decreases in a direction from the inner surface of the edge portion 51 toward the terminal coupling portion 53 .
- the stiffness of the component may be improved at a connection portion between the second connection portion 54 and the edge portion 51 .
- a plurality of second tab coupling parts 52 may be provided.
- the plurality of second tab coupling parts 52 may be arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the edge part 51 . Extension lengths of each of the plurality of second tab coupling parts 52 may be the same as each other.
- the terminal coupling portion 53 may be disposed to be surrounded by a plurality of second tab coupling portions 52 .
- the second connection part 54 may be located between a pair of second tab coupling parts 52 adjacent to each other.
- the distance from the second connection part 54 to any one of the pair of second tap coupling parts 52 along the extension direction of the edge part 51 is from the second connection part 54 to the edge part ( 51) may be the same as the distance to the other one of the pair of second tap coupling parts 52 along the extending direction.
- a plurality of second connection parts 54 may be provided. Each of the plurality of second connection parts 54 may be disposed between a pair of second tab coupling parts 52 adjacent to each other. The plurality of second connection parts 54 may be arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the edge part 51 .
- the distance between the second tap coupling parts 52 and/or the second connection parts 54 When the distance between the tab coupling portion 52 and the second connection portion 54 is formed constant, the current directed from the second tab coupling portion 52 to the second connection portion 54 or the second connection portion A flow of current from 54 toward the second tap coupling portion 52 can be smoothly formed.
- the second connection portion 54 may include a notched portion N formed to partially reduce a width of the second connection portion 54 .
- the electrical resistance in the region where the notching portion N is formed increases, thereby enabling rapid current interruption when overcurrent occurs.
- the notched portion N may be located closer to the tapered portion 54a than the terminal coupling portion 53.
- the notched portion N is located in an area adjacent to an area with a high heating value, so that more rapid overcurrent blocking is possible.
- the second current collector 50 may include a plurality of irregularities (not shown) formed radially on a surface facing the second electrode tab 12 . When the unevenness is formed, the second current collector plate 50 may be pressed to press-fit the unevenness into the second electrode tab 12 . Ends of the second current collector plate 50 and the second electrode tab 12 may be joined by welding, for example, laser welding.
- the battery terminal 60 is made of a conductive metal material and coupled to the terminal coupling portion 53 of the second collector plate 50 .
- the battery terminal 60 may be configured to pass through a closed portion located on the opposite side of the open portion of the battery housing 20 .
- the cylindrical battery 1 of the present invention includes an insulator S, which will be described later, the battery terminal 60 passes through the insulator S and is coupled to the terminal coupling portion 53 of the second collector plate 50. is configured to
- the battery terminal 60 is electrically connected to the second electrode tab 12 of the electrode assembly 300 through the second collector plate 50, and thus has a second polarity.
- the battery terminal 60 can function as a second electrode terminal of the cylindrical battery 1 of the present invention.
- a substantially flat surface formed on the side of the closed portion of the battery housing 20 having the first polarity may function as the first electrode terminal T1.
- a bus bar U is connected to each of the second electrode terminal T2 and the first electrode terminal T1 of the cylindrical battery 1 of the present invention.
- the battery housing 20 among the second electrode terminals T2 may be set in a range of approximately 10% to 60%.
- the insulator S may be provided between the second current collector 50 and the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the insulator S prevents contact between the second collector plate 50 and the battery housing 20 .
- the insulator S covers the upper portion of the second current collector 50 and the upper edge portion of the electrode assembly 300 . Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from being caused by contacting the outer circumferential uncoated portion of the electrode assembly 300 with the inner surface of the battery housing 20 having a different polarity.
- the insulator (S) may also be interposed between the upper end of the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 300 and the inner surface of the battery housing 20 . This is to prevent contact between the second electrode tab 12 extending toward the closed portion of the battery housing 20 and the inner circumferential surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the battery terminal 60 passes through the insulator S and is coupled to the second collector plate 50.
- the insulator S may have an opening formed at a position corresponding to the terminal coupling portion 53 of the second current collecting plate 50 .
- the first current collector 30 may be coupled to a lower portion of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the first collector plate 30 is made of a conductive metal material and coupled to the first electrode tab 11 .
- the first collector plate 30 is electrically connected to the battery housing 20 .
- the first collector plate 30 may have a circumferential area interposed between the inner surface of the battery housing 20 and the sealing gasket G1 so as to be fixed. In this case, the first collector plate 30 may be welded on a seating surface formed by the beading portion 21 of the battery housing 20 .
- the first collector plate 30 may be coupled to a coupling surface formed by bending an end of the first electrode tab 11 in a direction parallel to the first collector plate 30 .
- a bending direction of the first electrode tab 11 may be, for example, a direction toward the winding center hole H1 of the electrode assembly 300 .
- the cylindrical battery may be, for example, a cylindrical battery having a form factor ratio (defined as the diameter of the cylindrical battery divided by the height, i.e., the ratio of the diameter ( ⁇ ) to the height (H)) of greater than about 0.4. .
- a form factor ratio defined as the diameter of the cylindrical battery divided by the height, i.e., the ratio of the diameter ( ⁇ ) to the height (H)
- the form factor means a value representing the diameter and height of a cylindrical battery.
- a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may be, for example, a 46110 battery, a 48750 battery, a 48110 battery, a 48800 battery, or a 46800 battery.
- the first two numbers indicate the diameter of the battery
- the next two numbers indicate the height of the battery
- the last number 0 indicates that the cross section of the battery is circular.
- the battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a cylindrical battery having a substantially cylindrical shape, a diameter of about 46 mm, a height of about 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.418.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 75 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.640.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.418.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a substantially cylindrical shape, a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.600.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a substantially cylindrical shape, a diameter of about 46 mm, a height of about 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.575.
- battery batteries having a form factor ratio of approximately 0.4 or less have been used. That is, conventionally, for example, 18650 batteries and 21700 batteries have been used. For an 18650 battery, its diameter is approximately 18 mm, its height is approximately 65 mm, and the form factor ratio is approximately 0.277. In the case of the 21700 battery, its diameter is approximately 21 mm, its height is approximately 70 mm, and the form factor ratio is approximately 0.300.
- a battery pack 3 includes the above-described cylindrical battery 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- components such as a bus bar, a cooling unit, and a power terminal for electrical connection are omitted for convenience of illustration.
- a vehicle 5 may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle, and a battery pack 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be used.
- the automobile 5 includes a four-wheeled automobile and a two-wheeled automobile.
- the vehicle 5 operates by receiving power from the battery pack 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the "primary particle” is a particle in which no grain boundary appears when observed in a field of view of 5000 to 20000 times using a scanning electron microscope or a backscattered electron rotation pattern analyzer (EBSD). means unit.
- Average particle diameter of primary particles means an arithmetic average value calculated after measuring the particle diameters of primary particles observed in a scanning electron microscope or EBSD image.
- Secondary particles are particles formed by aggregation of a plurality of primary particles.
- secondary particles in which 10 or less primary particles are aggregated are referred to as quasi-single particles in order to distinguish them from conventional secondary particles formed by aggregation of tens to hundreds of primary particles.
- the "specific surface area” is measured by the BET method, and can be specifically calculated from the nitrogen gas adsorption amount under liquid nitrogen temperature (77K) using BELSORP-mino II of BEL Japan.
- D min ”, “D 50 ”, and “D max ” are particle size values of the cumulative volume distribution of the positive electrode active material measured using a laser diffraction method. Specifically, D min is the minimum particle size appearing in the volume cumulative distribution, D 50 is the particle size when the volume cumulative amount is 50%, and D max is the maximum particle size appearing in the volume cumulative distribution.
- D 50 means the average particle diameter of the primary particles.
- D 50 means the average particle diameter of particles formed by aggregation of primary particles.
- the particle size value of the volume cumulative distribution is, for example, after dispersing the cathode active material in a dispersion medium, introducing it into a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device (e.g., Microtrac MT 3000) and irradiating ultrasonic waves of about 28 kHz with an output of 60 W. After that, it can be measured by obtaining a volume cumulative particle size distribution graph.
- a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device e.g., Microtrac MT 3000
- “consist essentially of A” indicates that it includes component A and any components not mentioned that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the present invention.
- Basic and novel features of the present invention include at least one of minimizing particle breakage during battery manufacturing, minimizing gas generated by such particle breakage, and minimizing internal cracks. A person of ordinary skill in the art can recognize the material impact of these properties.
- the present inventors have found that a single particle composed of one primary particle or less than 10 particles as a cathode active material It was confirmed that the safety of a large-sized cylindrical battery can be dramatically improved when a quasi-single particle type cathode active material, which is an aggregate of primary particles, is used alone.
- the positive electrode is a positive current collector; and a cathode active material layer formed on at least one side of the cathode current collector, wherein the cathode active material layer may include a cathode active material, and optionally, a conductive material and/or a binder.
- the cathode may have a structure in which a cathode active material layer is formed on at least one surface or both surfaces of a long sheet-shaped cathode current collector, and the cathode active material layer may include a cathode active material and a binder.
- the positive electrode is a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder on one side or both sides of a long sheet-shaped positive electrode current collector, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol, N-methylpyrroly It may be prepared by applying a cathode slurry prepared by dispersing in a solvent such as money (NMP), acetone, or water, removing the solvent of the cathode slurry through a drying process, and then rolling. Meanwhile, when the positive electrode slurry is applied, a positive electrode including an uncoated portion (uncoated portion) may be manufactured by not applying the positive electrode slurry to a partial region of the positive electrode current collector, for example, one end of the positive electrode current collector.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- NMP isopropyl alcohol
- N-methylpyrroly N-methylpyrroly
- a cathode slurry prepared by applying a cathode slurry prepared by dispersing in
- the cathode active material includes single-particle active material particles.
- the single-particle active material particles may be 90wt% or more, 95wt% or more, 98wt% or more, or 99wt% or more relative to 100wt% of the positive electrode active material.
- the cathode active material may be composed of only the single-particle active material particles.
- the single-particle active material particle refers to a single particle, a quasi-single particle, or both.
- the single particle is a particle composed of one primary particle, and the quasi-single particle is an aggregate of 10 or less primary particles.
- single-particle active material particles composed of one primary particle or quasi-single-particle form in which 10 or less primary particles are agglomerated are conventional secondary active material particles in which dozens to hundreds of primary particles are aggregated. Since the particle strength is higher than that of the particle-type cathode active material, particle breakage hardly occurs during rolling. In addition, in the case of single-particle active material particles, since the number of primary particles constituting the particle is small, the change due to volume expansion and contraction of the primary particles during charging and discharging is small, and accordingly, cracks inside the particle are remarkably generated. Decrease.
- the single particle and / or quasi-single particle is 95wt% to 100wt%, preferably 98wt% to 100wt%, more preferably 99wt% to 100wt% based on the weight of the total positive electrode active material included in the positive electrode, More preferably, it is preferably included in an amount of 100wt%.
- the cathode active material including single particles and/or quasi-single particles according to the present invention has D min of 1.0 ⁇ m or more, 1.1 ⁇ m or more, 1.15 ⁇ m or more, 1.2 ⁇ m or more, 1.25 ⁇ m or more, 1.3 ⁇ m or more, or 1.5 ⁇ m.
- D min of the cathode active material is less than 1.0 ⁇ m, the line pressure increases during the cathode rolling process, and thus particle breakage is likely to occur, and thermal stability is deteriorated, so that thermal stability cannot be sufficiently secured when applied to a large cylindrical battery.
- D min of the cathode active material may be 3 ⁇ m or less, 2.5 ⁇ m or less, or 2 ⁇ m or less. If D min is too large, the lithium ion diffusion distance within the particles increases, and resistance and output characteristics may deteriorate.
- D min of the cathode active material may be 1.0 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m to 2.5 ⁇ m, or 1.3 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the cathode active material may have D 50 of 5 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or less, or 3 ⁇ m or less, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 ⁇ m. to 5 ⁇ m.
- Single-particle and/or quasi-single-particle type positive electrode active materials have less lithium mobility than secondary particle type positive electrode active materials because there are fewer interfaces between primary particles, which serve as a diffusion path for lithium ions inside the particles. There is a problem with this increase. This increase in resistance intensifies as the size of the particles increases, and when the resistance increases, capacity and output characteristics are adversely affected. Accordingly, by adjusting the D 50 of the positive electrode active material to 5 ⁇ m or less, the diffusion distance of lithium ions inside the positive electrode active material particles is minimized, thereby suppressing an increase in resistance.
- the cathode active material may have a D max of 12 ⁇ m to 17 ⁇ m, preferably 12 ⁇ m to 16 ⁇ m, and more preferably 12 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- D max of the cathode active material satisfies the above range, resistance characteristics and capacity characteristics are more excellent. If the D max of the positive electrode active material is too large, agglomeration between single particles occurs, and the lithium movement path inside the agglomerated particles becomes long, resulting in poor lithium mobility, which may increase resistance. On the other hand, if the D max of the cathode active material is too small, excessive disintegration is performed. Due to excessive disintegration, D min may decrease to less than 1 ⁇ m, resulting in particle breakage during rolling and deterioration in thermal stability.
- the positive electrode active material may have a particle size distribution (PSD) of 3 or less, preferably 2 to 3, more preferably 2.3 to 3, represented by the following formula (1).
- PSD particle size distribution
- Particle size distribution (PSD) (D max - D min )/D 50
- the positive electrode active material has the above particle size distribution, the electrode density of the positive electrode can be appropriately maintained, and particle breakage and resistance increase can be effectively suppressed.
- the cathode active material may have an average particle diameter of primary particles of 5 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or less, or 2 ⁇ m or less, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. , more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles satisfies the above range, a single particle and/or quasi-single particle positive electrode active material having excellent electrochemical properties may be formed. If the average particle diameter of the primary particles is too small, the number of agglomerations of the primary particles forming the positive electrode active material increases, reducing the effect of suppressing particle breakage during rolling.
- the diffusion path of lithium may be elongated, increasing resistance and degrading output characteristics.
- the cathode active material preferably has a unimodal particle size distribution.
- a bimodal positive electrode active material in which a large particle size positive electrode active material having a large average particle diameter and a small particle size positive electrode active material having a small average particle diameter are mixed and used has been widely used.
- the increase in resistance can be minimized by using a cathode active material having a unimodal distribution.
- the cathode active material may include lithium nickel-based oxide, and specifically, may include lithium nickel-based oxide containing 80 mol% or more of Ni based on the total number of moles of transition metal.
- the lithium nickel-based oxide may include 80 mol% or more and less than 100 mol%, 82 mol% or more and less than 100 mol%, or 83 mol% or more and less than 100 mol% of Ni. As described above, when the lithium nickel-based oxide having a high Ni content is used, high capacity can be realized.
- the cathode active material may include a lithium nickel-based oxide represented by the following [Formula 1].
- M 1 may be Mn, Al or a combination thereof, preferably Mn or Mn and Al.
- M 2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, W, Y, Ba, Ca, Ti, Mg, Ta, and Nb, preferably one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Y, Mg, and Ti. or more, more preferably Zr, Y, or a combination thereof.
- the M 2 element is not necessarily included, but when included in an appropriate amount, it may play a role of promoting grain growth during firing or improving crystal structure stability.
- the a represents the molar ratio of lithium in the lithium nickel-based oxide, and may be 0.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.2, 0.85 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.15, or 0.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.2.
- the crystal structure of the lithium nickel-based oxide may be stably formed.
- b represents the molar ratio of nickel among all metals except lithium in lithium nickel-based oxide, 0.8 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.82 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.83 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.85 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.88 ⁇ b ⁇ 1 or 0.90 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.
- c represents the cobalt molar ratio of all metals except lithium in lithium nickel-based oxide, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.18, 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.17, 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.15, 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.12 or It may be 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.10.
- the molar ratio of cobalt satisfies the above range, good resistance characteristics and output characteristics may be implemented.
- d represents the molar ratio of M 1 element in all metals except lithium in lithium nickel-based oxide, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.18, 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.17, 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.15, 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.12, or 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.10.
- the positive electrode active material exhibits excellent structural stability.
- e represents the molar ratio of M 2 element in all metals except for lithium in the lithium nickel-based oxide, it may be 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.1 or 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.05.
- the positive active material according to the present invention if necessary, on the surface of the lithium nickel-based oxide particles, Al, Ti, W, B, F, P, Mg, Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, V, Cu, Ca , Zn, Zr, Nb.
- a coating layer including at least one coating element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Sr, Sb, Bi, Si and S may be further included.
- the coating element may be Al, B, Co or a combination thereof.
- the cathode active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably 85 wt% to 99 wt%, and more preferably 90 wt% to 99 wt%, based on the total weight of the cathode active material layer.
- the positive electrode current collector various positive electrode current collectors used in the art may be used.
- the cathode current collector stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver may be used.
- the cathode current collector may typically have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the cathode current collector to increase adhesion of the cathode active material.
- the cathode current collector may be used in various forms such as, for example, a film, sheet, foil, net, porous material, foam, or nonwoven fabric.
- all or some of the single-particle active material particles may have a core-shell structure in which the particle surface is coated with a conductive coating layer.
- the conductive coating layer may cover at least some or all of the particles.
- the conductive coating layer includes a conductive nanomaterial.
- the present invention coats the surface of single-particle active material particles with a conductive nanomaterial, so that excellent electrical conductivity can be realized without adding a separate conductive material to the positive electrode slurry.
- the cathode active material layer when a cathode active material coated with a conductive nanomaterial is applied to the surface of the single-particle active material particle, the cathode active material layer may not use a conductive material except for the conductive coating layer.
- the viscosity of the positive electrode slurry can be reduced and the solid content can be increased, and effects of improving electrode coating processability and electrode adhesion can be obtained.
- the conductive nanomaterial may be a conductive material having a nano-sized size so as to be smoothly coated on the particles, and the type is not particularly limited.
- the conductive nanomaterial may be a carbon nanotube or carbon nanoparticle.
- the conductive nanomaterial may have various shapes, and may be, for example, spherical, scaly, or fibrous.
- the conductive coating layer may be formed by mixing single-particle active material particles, which are core parts, and conductive nanomaterials, and then heat-treating the conductive nanomaterial.
- the mixing may be performed by solid-phase mixing or liquid-phase mixing.
- the positive electrode active material layer includes flaky graphite.
- the flaky graphite provides a sliding effect to the positive electrode active material, so that the rolling characteristics of the electrode are improved. and can reduce the electrode porosity to a target level. Accordingly, stability, initial resistance characteristics, and charge/discharge efficiency of the battery to which the positive electrode according to the present invention is applied may be improved.
- the flaky graphite may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt% to 3 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the flaky graphite used in the present invention may have an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. If the size of flaky graphite is too small, it is difficult to realize a desired porosity, and current density may be lowered, resulting in lower capacity. At this time, the average particle diameter of the flaky graphite may be measured by a laser diffraction method (ISO 13320).
- the flaky graphite may have an aspect ratio of 0.1 to 500, preferably 1 to 100, and more preferably 1 to 30.
- an effect of reducing electrode resistance by improving conductivity occurs.
- the flaky graphite has a density of 2.0 g/cm 3 to 2.5 g/cm 3 , preferably 2.1 g/cm 3 to 2.4 g/cm 3 , more preferably 2.2 g/cm 3 to 2.3 g/cm can be 3
- the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer may be 15% to 23%, preferably 17% to 23%, and more preferably 18% to 23%.
- the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer satisfies the above range, the electrode density increases to realize excellent capacity and decrease resistance. If the porosity is too low, the impregnability of the electrolyte is poor, and lithium precipitation may occur due to non-impregnation of the electrolyte. If the porosity is too high, the contact between the electrodes is not good, so the resistance increases and the energy density decreases, so the capacity improvement effect is insignificant.
- the porosity value of the positive electrode active material layer can be achieved by i) the positive electrode active material includes single-particle active material particles and ii) adding flaky graphite to the positive electrode active material.
- the flaky graphite when included in the cathode active material layer as in the present invention, the flaky graphite provides a sliding effect and fills the gaps of the cathode active material layer during rolling, so that the porosity of the cathode active material layer is the same as above. range can be reduced.
- the positive electrode may have a loading amount of 570 mg/25 cm 2 or more, preferably 600 mg/25 cm 2 to 800 g/25 cm 2 , and more preferably 600 mg/25 cm 2 to 750 mg/25 cm 2 .
- a relatively high loading amount of the cathode can be secured. And, through this, it is possible to implement high-capacity characteristics.
- the positive electrode active material layer may further include a conductive material.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and any material that does not cause chemical change inside the battery and has electronic conductivity can be used without particular limitation.
- Specific examples include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, carbon fiber, and carbon nanotube; metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; or conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives, and the like, and one of them alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the conductive material may be typically included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the conductive material may include carbon nanotubes.
- the cathode active material may include a multi-walled carbon nanotube having a high specific surface area and a small wall number as a conductive material.
- the multi-walled carbon nanotubes may be included in 50wt% or more, 70wt% or more, 90wt% or more, or 99wt% or more of 100wt% of the conductive material.
- the conductive material may be composed of only the multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
- the multi-walled carbon nanotubes have a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g. In order to distinguish this from the prior art, it is referred to as 'new CNT'.
- Carbon nanotubes (existing CNTs) commonly used in the prior art had a BET specific surface area of less than 300 m 2 /g.
- a comparison of scanning electron microscope images and physical properties (FIG. 27) of the new CNT (FIG. 25) and the existing CNT (FIG. 26) used in the present invention are as follows.
- the novel CNTs applied to the present invention are of a bundled type and have a multiwall structure, but have a higher BET and a smaller number of walls and a smaller diameter than conventional CNTs.
- the secondary particle type positive electrode active material In the case of using the secondary particle type positive electrode active material, sufficient electrical conductivity could be achieved even when the existing CNT was used at a level of 0.4wt% to 0.6wt%.
- the BET specific surface area is 300 m 2 because the resistance is higher than that of the conventional secondary particle type cathode active material and the electrical conductivity is low due to the small contact area with the conductive material.
- the content of the conductive material should be 0.9 wt% or more.
- 28 to 31 are graphs showing sheet resistance and high-temperature lifespan characteristics for each conductive material ratio when a single particle or quasi-single particle is applied as a cathode active material.
- the viscosity of the positive electrode slurry must be lowered by reducing the solid content in the positive electrode slurry.
- the active material content decreases, resulting in poor capacity characteristics.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that when carbon nanotubes having a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g are applied as a conductive material together with a cathode active material, which is a single-particle active material particle, , It was confirmed that sufficient electrical conductivity can be secured even with a relatively small amount of carbon nanotubes, and accordingly, the slurry viscosity can be maintained low even when the solid content of the cathode slurry is formed as high as 70 wt% to 80 wt%.
- the carbon nanotubes used in the present invention may be multi-walled carbon nanotubes having a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g, preferably 300 m 2 /g to 450 m 2 /g.
- BET specific surface area satisfies the above range, sufficient electrical conductivity can be secured even with a small amount of carbon nanotubes.
- the carbon nanotubes may be multi-walled carbon nanotubes having a wall number of 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, and more preferably 3 to 6.
- the carbon nanotubes may have a diameter of 1 nm to 8 nm, preferably 3 nm to 8 nm, and more preferably 3 nm to 6 nm.
- the carbon nanotubes may be included in an amount of 0.7 wt% or less, preferably 0.3 wt% to 0.7 wt%, and more preferably 0.4 wt% to 0.6 wt%, based on the total weight of the cathode active material layer.
- the content of the carbon nanotubes satisfies the above range, sufficient electrical conductivity can be achieved, and the solids content in the cathode slurry can be maintained high, thereby forming a high content of the cathode active material in the cathode active material layer. Excellent capacitance characteristics can be realized.
- the table shown in FIG. 32 shows the case where carbon nanotubes (new CNTs) having a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g are applied and the carbon nanotubes (existing CNTs) having a BET of 200 m 2 /g or more and less than 300 m 2 /g ) was applied, the solid content and viscosity of the positive electrode slurry and the resistance values of the MP coating layer and the MP interface layer were compared. From the table above, it can be seen that, when the new CNT is applied, the positive electrode slurry has a lower viscosity and excellent electrical conductivity even when the solid content of the positive electrode slurry is higher than that of the conventional CNT.
- the binder serves to improve the adhesion between the particles of the positive electrode active material and the adhesion between the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode current collector, and specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene Polymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber (EPDM rubber), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluoro rubber, or various copolymers thereof, and the like, One of these alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVDF-co-HFP vinylidene fluoride-hex
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to an electrode assembly including the positive electrode and a battery including the same.
- the electrode assembly includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode, and the positive electrode has the structural characteristics as described above.
- the electrode assembly may be stacked with a separator interposed between an anode and a cathode to form a stacked or stacked/folded structure, or may be wound to form a jelly roll structure.
- a separator may be additionally disposed on the outside to prevent contact between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- the negative electrode may include a negative electrode current collector; and an anode active material layer formed on at least one side of the anode current collector.
- the anode may have a structure in which an anode active material layer is formed on one or both surfaces of a long sheet-shaped anode current collector, and the anode active material layer may include a cathode active material, a conductive material, and a binder.
- the negative electrode is a negative electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder on one side or both sides of a long sheet-shaped negative electrode current collector by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol, N-methylpyrroly It may be prepared by applying a negative electrode slurry prepared by dispersing in a solvent such as NMP, acetone, or water, removing the solvent of the negative electrode slurry through a drying process, and then rolling. When the negative electrode slurry is applied, a negative electrode including a non-coated portion may be manufactured by not applying the negative electrode slurry to a partial region of the negative electrode current collector, for example, one end of the negative electrode current collector.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- the anode active material may be a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium.
- the negative electrode active material include carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fiber, and amorphous carbon; Si, Si-Me alloy (where Me is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Sn, Mg, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ti, and Ni), SiO y (where 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2), silicon-based materials such as Si—C composites; lithium metal thin film; metal materials capable of being alloyed with lithium, such as Sn and Al; and the like, and any one or a mixture of two or more of them may be used.
- the negative electrode may include a silicon-based negative electrode active material.
- the silicon-based negative electrode active material is Si, a Si-Me alloy (where Me is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Sn, Mg, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ti, and Ni), SiO It may be y (here, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2), a Si—C complex, or a combination thereof, preferably SiO y (here, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2). Since the silicon-based negative active material has a high theoretical capacity, capacity characteristics may be improved when the silicon-based negative active material is included.
- the silicon-based negative electrode active material may be doped with Mb metal, and in this case, the Mb metal may be a Group 1 metal element or a Group 2 metal element, and specifically, may be Li, Mg, or the like.
- the silicon anode active material may be Si, SiO y (here, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2), Si—C composite doped with M b metal, or the like.
- the active material capacity is somewhat lowered due to the doping element, but since it has high efficiency, high energy density can be implemented.
- FIG. 49 is a graph showing changes in energy density according to the content of the silicon-based negative active material and the presence or absence of doping of the silicon-based negative electrode active material in a battery using a mixture of a silicon-based negative active material and a carbon-based negative electrode active material as the negative electrode active material.
- low efficiency SiO means undoped SiO
- ultra-high efficiency SiO means Mg/Li doped SiO. 49 , it can be seen that the energy density is improved as the content of the silicon-based negative active material among the total negative active materials increases. In addition, it can be confirmed that the energy density improvement effect is more excellent as the ratio of the doped silicon-based negative active material among the silicon-based negative active material increases.
- the silicon-based negative electrode active material may further include a carbon coating layer on the particle surface.
- the carbon coating amount may be 20 wt% or less, preferably 1 to 20 wt% based on the total weight of the silicon-based negative electrode active material.
- the carbon coating layer may be formed through a method such as dry coating, wet coating, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), or atomic layer deposition (ALD).
- the silicon-based negative active material may have a capacity of 1000 ⁇ 4000mAh / g, and may have an initial efficiency of about 60 ⁇ 95%.
- D 50 of the silicon-based negative active material may be 3um to 8um, and D min to D max may be included in the range of 0.5um to 30um.
- the anode may further include a carbon-based anode active material as an anode active material, if necessary.
- the carbon-based negative electrode active material may be, for example, artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fiber, amorphous carbon, soft carbon, or hard carbon, but is not limited thereto.
- the mixing ratio of the silicon-based negative electrode active material and the carbon-based negative electrode active material is 1:99 to 20:80, preferably 1:99 to 15:85 by weight. , more preferably from 1:99 to 10:90.
- the negative active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt % to 99 wt %, preferably 85 wt % to 99 wt %, and more preferably 90 wt % to 99 wt %, based on the total weight of the negative active material layer.
- the anode active material may further include at least one selected from lithium metal and metal materials capable of alloying with lithium, such as Sn and Al.
- negative electrode current collectors commonly used in the art may be used, and examples include copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, carbon on the surface of copper or stainless steel, A surface treated with nickel, titanium, silver, or the like, an aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like may be used.
- the negative electrode current collector may have a thickness of typically 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and like the positive electrode current collector, fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to enhance bonding strength of the negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode current collector may be used in various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous material, foam, or non-woven fabric.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the negative electrode, and any material that does not cause chemical change inside the battery and has electronic conductivity can be used without particular limitation.
- specific conductive materials include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, carbon fiber, and carbon nanotube; metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; or conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives, and the like, and one of them alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the conductive material may be typically included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the binder serves to improve adhesion between particles of the anode active material and adhesion between the anode active material and the anode current collector.
- specific binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, and carboxymethylcellulose.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the electrode assembly further includes a separator, and the separator is disposed in the electrode assembly in a manner interposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ions to move, and can be used without particular limitation as long as it is used as a separator in a lithium battery.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin-based polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or the like
- a laminated structure of two or more layers of these may be used.
- conventional porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high-melting glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and the like may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength.
- the battery is a battery case in which an electrode assembly and an electrolyte are housed together, and an appropriate battery case may be selected without particular limitation as long as it is commonly used in the art, such as a pouch type or a metal can type.
- electrolytes usable in lithium batteries such as organic liquid electrolytes, inorganic liquid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes, solid inorganic electrolytes, molten inorganic electrolytes, etc. can be used , the type is not particularly limited.
- the electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- the organic solvent includes ester-based solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone; ether solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran; ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone; aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene; Dimethylcarbonate (DMC), diethylcarbonate (DEC), methylethylcarbonate (MEC), ethylmethylcarbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, PC) and other carbonate-based solvents; alcohol solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; nitriles such as R-CN (R is a C2 to C20 straight-chain, branched or
- carbonate-based solvents are preferred, and cyclic carbonates (eg, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.) having high ion conductivity and high dielectric constant capable of increasing the charge and discharge performance of batteries, and low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compounds ( For example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate) is more preferable.
- cyclic carbonates eg, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.
- low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compounds For example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate is more preferable.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlO 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiCl, LiI, or LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 , and the like may be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used within the range of 0.1M to 5.0M, preferably 0.1M to 3,0M.
- concentration of the lithium salt is within the above range, the electrolyte has appropriate conductivity and viscosity, so excellent electrolyte performance can be exhibited, and lithium ions can move effectively.
- the electrolyte may further include an additive for the purpose of improving lifespan characteristics of a battery, suppressing a decrease in battery capacity, and improving a discharge capacity of a battery.
- the additives include haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate, pyridine, triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexamethyl phosphate tria Mead, nitrobenzene derivatives, sulfur, quinone imine dyes, N-substituted oxazolidinones, N,N-substituted imidazolidines, ethylene glycol dialkyl ethers, ammonium salts, pyrroles, 2-methoxy ethanol or aluminum trichloride alone Alternatively, it may be mixed and used, but is not limited thereto.
- the additive may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 10
- the positive electrode may include a loading reducing portion having a smaller loading amount of the positive electrode active material than an adjacent region.
- the cathode has such a structure, the section of the cathode active material portion may be increased without worrying about precipitation of lithium. Accordingly, the energy density of the electrode assembly may be improved.
- a method of using a current collector of an electrode as an electrode tab may be used instead of a method of attaching an electrode tab to an electrode.
- a portion in which the loading amount is reduced occurs at the boundary between the negative electrode active material portion coated with the negative electrode slurry and the negative electrode current collector.
- metallic lithium may be deposited in the positive electrode active material portion facing the portion where the loading amount is reduced.
- the N/P ratio is a value obtained by dividing the capacity of the negative electrode calculated considering the area and capacity per mass of the negative electrode by the capacity of the positive electrode obtained considering the area and capacity per mass of the positive electrode, and generally has a value of 1 or more. . That is, the capacity of the negative electrode is increased.
- the N/P ratio is less than 1, metallic lithium is likely to be precipitated during charging and discharging, which causes rapid deterioration in safety of the battery during high charging and discharging. In other words, the N/P ratio has a significant effect on the safety and capacity of the battery. Due to the risk of precipitation of metallic lithium as described above, the positive electrode active material portion cannot be located in the positive electrode portion facing the portion where the loading amount of the negative electrode is reduced. This causes the energy density of the battery to not increase. Accordingly, the present invention improved the energy density by increasing the section of the positive electrode active material part.
- FIG. 37 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the line AA′ of FIG. 37 .
- an electrode assembly 300 includes a cathode 400, an anode 500, and a separator 600.
- Separator 600 is located between the cathode 400 and the anode 500 .
- the negative electrode 400, the positive electrode 500, and the separator 600 are wound together to form a jelly roll structure 300S.
- the jelly roll structure 300S refers to a structure formed by winding the negative electrode 400, the positive electrode 500, and the separator 600.
- a separator 600 is additionally disposed on the outside to prevent the negative electrode 400 and the positive electrode 500 from contacting each other.
- the negative electrode 400 includes a negative electrode current collector 410 and a negative electrode active material portion 420 formed by coating a negative electrode active material on the negative electrode current collector 410 .
- an anode active material portion 420 may be formed by coating both sides of the anode current collector 410 .
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 of the negative electrode current collector 410 to which the negative electrode active material is not coated extends in the first direction d1.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 extends along one end of the wound negative electrode 400 .
- the cathode uncoated portion 430 extends beyond the separator 600 in the first direction d1. Accordingly, the cathode uncoated portion 430 may be exposed at one end of the jelly roll structure 300S in the first direction.
- the positive electrode 500 includes a positive electrode current collector 510 and a positive electrode active material portion 520 formed by coating a positive electrode active material on the positive electrode current collector 510 .
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 may be formed by coating both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 510 .
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 to which the positive electrode active material is not applied extends in the second direction d2.
- the anode uncoated portion 530 extends along one end of the anode 500 to be wound.
- the anode uncoated portion 530 extends beyond the separator 600 in the second direction d2. Accordingly, the anode uncoated portion 530 may be exposed at one end of the jelly roll structure 300S in the second direction.
- first direction d1 and the second direction d2 are directions opposite to each other.
- first direction (d1) and the second direction (d2) may be a direction parallel to the height direction of the jelly roll structure (300S).
- the electrode assembly 300 is not in the form of attaching a separate electrode tab, but the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 of the anode current collector 410 and the positive electrode uncoated portion 430 of the positive current collector 510 to reduce resistance.
- This is a form in which the unit 530 itself is used as an electrode tab.
- the cathode uncoated portion 430 and/or the anode uncoated portion 530 may have substantially the same structure as the electrode uncoated portion described above.
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 includes a loading reducing portion 500D having a smaller loading amount of the positive electrode active material than an adjacent area, and the loading decreasing portion 500D is in the first direction d1 of the positive electrode 500. ) is located at one end of In addition, more specifically, the loading reducing unit 500D may gradually decrease the loading amount of the cathode active material in the first direction d1.
- the loading amount means the application amount of the active material per unit area.
- the portion having a large loading amount may have a relatively thick thickness of the negative active material portion or the positive electrode active material portion because a large amount of negative active material or positive active material is applied to a unit area.
- a small amount of the negative electrode active material or the positive electrode active material is applied to a unit area, so that the thickness of the negative electrode active material portion or the positive electrode active material portion may be relatively thin.
- An active material portion may be formed by applying a slurry containing an active material. In this process, a boundary portion in which a loading amount gradually decreases may be formed between the uncoated portion and the active material portion.
- the negative electrode active material portion 420 may include a negative electrode boundary portion 420B forming a boundary between the negative electrode active material portion 420 and the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 .
- a loading amount of the negative electrode boundary portion 420B may decrease toward a direction in which the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 is located.
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 may include a positive electrode boundary portion 520B forming a boundary between the positive electrode active material portion 520 and the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 .
- a loading amount of the anode boundary portion 520B may decrease toward a direction in which the anode uncoated portion 530 is located.
- the negative electrode boundary portion 420B or the positive electrode boundary portion 520B in which the loading amount gradually decreases, is naturally generated in the process of applying the slurry containing the active material to the negative current collector 410 or the positive current collector 510.
- the amount of the positive electrode active material may be smaller than the amount of the negative electrode active material in a region corresponding to the positive boundary portion 520B based on a direction perpendicular to the second direction d2 . Since the N/P ratio has a value greater than 1, the problem of precipitation of metallic lithium does not occur.
- the problem is the area corresponding to the cathode boundary portion 420B.
- the amount of the negative electrode active material may be smaller than the amount of the positive electrode active material. This may cause a problem in that metal lithium is precipitated because the N/P ratio has a value smaller than 1.
- the loading reduction unit 500D is provided on the positive electrode 500, and the negative electrode active material unit 420 is located at a portion corresponding to the loading reduction unit 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1. ) may be located. More specifically, the cathode boundary portion 420B may be located at a portion corresponding to the loading reducing portion 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1 .
- the area to which the cathode active material is coated can be increased without fear of lithium precipitation.
- the loading amount of the positive electrode active material increases as the loading decreasing portion 500D moves in the first direction d1. It may have a gradually decreasing form. Therefore, it is possible to maintain a high N/P ratio between the anode 400 and the cathode 500 in the region where the anode boundary 420B is formed, thereby preventing lithium from being deposited.
- FIG. 39 and 40 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 39 is a plan view of the negative electrode sheet viewed from above, and FIG. 40 is a front view of the negative electrode sheet of FIG. 39 viewed from the front.
- the negative active material portion 420 coated with the negative active material on the negative electrode current collector 410 and the negative electrode active material not coated A step of manufacturing the negative electrode sheet 400S such that the negative electrode uncoated portions 430 are alternately positioned.
- the negative active material portion 420 may be formed by applying the negative active material so as to continue along the third direction d3 .
- the plurality of negative active material portions 420 may be positioned to be spaced apart along the fourth direction d4 by spaced apart application areas along the fourth direction d4 perpendicular to the third direction d3. That is, the coating process may be performed so that the anode uncoated portion 430 is located between the plurality of anode active material portions 420 .
- the third direction d3 and the fourth direction d4 are directions for description based on the negative electrode sheet 400S, and the first direction d1 and the second direction in the jelly roll structure 300S described above ( These are directions unrelated to d2).
- FIG. 41 is a perspective view showing a negative electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 and the negative electrode active material portion 420 have slits in a direction parallel to the third direction d3 , respectively. ting can be performed. Accordingly, several negative electrodes 400 as shown in FIG. 41 may be manufactured from the negative electrode sheet 400S. That is, the negative electrode 400 of FIG. 41 corresponds to one of several negative electrodes manufactured by slitting the negative electrode sheet 400S of FIGS. 39 and 40 .
- the negative electrode 400 in which the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 extends to one side may be manufactured by slitting the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 and the negative electrode active material portion 420 of the negative electrode sheet 400S, respectively.
- a slurry containing the negative electrode active material may be applied on the negative electrode current collector 410.
- a cathode boundary portion 420B may be formed at the boundary, the loading amount of which decreases toward the direction in which the cathode uncoated portion 430 is located.
- FIG. 42 and 43 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 42 is a plan view of the cathode sheet viewed from above, and FIG. 43 is a front view of the cathode sheet of FIG. 42 viewed from the front.
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 coated with the positive electrode active material on the positive electrode current collector 510 and the positive electrode active material not coated A step of manufacturing the positive electrode sheet 500S such that the positive electrode uncoated portions 530 are alternately positioned.
- the cathode active material portion 520 may be formed by applying the cathode active material along the third direction d3.
- the plurality of positive electrode active material parts 520 may be spaced apart by adjusting the coating interval along the fourth direction d4 perpendicular to the third direction d3. That is, the coating process may be performed so that the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 is positioned between the plurality of positive electrode active material portions 520 .
- the third direction d3 and the fourth direction d4 are directions for description based on the positive electrode sheet 500S, and the first direction d1 and the second direction in the jelly roll structure 300S described above ( These are directions unrelated to d2).
- FIG. 44 is a perspective view showing an anode 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 42 to 44 as indicated by dotted lines in FIGS. 42 and 43 , slits in a direction parallel to the third direction d3 for the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 and the positive electrode active material portion 520, respectively. ting can be performed. Accordingly, several positive electrodes 500 as shown in FIG. 44 may be manufactured from the positive electrode sheet 500S. That is, the positive electrode 500 of FIG. 44 corresponds to one of several positive electrodes manufactured by slitting the positive electrode sheet 500S of FIGS. 42 and 43 .
- the positive electrode 500 in which the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 extends to one side may be manufactured by slitting the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 and the positive electrode active material portion 520 of the positive electrode sheet 500S, respectively.
- a slurry containing the positive electrode active material may be applied on the positive electrode current collector 510.
- An anode boundary portion 520B may be formed at the boundary, the loading amount of which decreases toward the direction where the anode uncoated portion 530 is located.
- a step of forming a jelly roll structure 300S by winding the manufactured negative electrode 400 and the positive electrode 500 together with the separator 600 may be followed.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 extends beyond the separator 600 in a first direction d1
- the anode uncoated portion 530 extends in a second direction opposite to the first direction d1. (d2) may extend beyond the separation membrane 600.
- the cathode sheet 500S has a loading reduction region 500DA with a smaller loading amount of the cathode active material than an adjacent region.
- the method of forming the loading reduction area 500DA and for example, it may be formed by adjusting the degree of application of the slurry.
- the loading reduction region 500DA of the cathode active material portion 520 is slit.
- the slitted loading reducing area 500DA forms a loading reducing portion 500D in which the loading amount of the positive electrode active material is smaller than that of the adjacent area in the jelly roll structure 300S shown in FIGS. 37 and 38 .
- a loading reduction area 500DA having a smaller loading amount of the cathode active material than an area adjacent to the cathode active material portion 520 formed on the cathode sheet 500S is formed.
- the loading reduction area 500DA may be formed at the center of the positive electrode active material portion 520 .
- the loading reduction area 500DA may be configured such that the loading amount of the positive electrode active material gradually decreases toward the central portion 500C of the loading reduction area 500DA.
- the loading reduction area By slitting the central portion 500C of the 500DA, the loading reducing portion 500D according to the present embodiment may be provided.
- the loading reduction area 500DA is formed and the central portion 500C of the loading reduction area 500DA is slit.
- a loading reducing portion 500D may be provided at one end of the manufactured anode 500, and an anode uncoated portion 530 may be provided at the other end of the anode 500 opposite to the one end. can be provided.
- the loading reducing portion 500D is at one end of the anode 500 in the first direction d1.
- the anode uncoated portion 530 may be located at one end of the anode 500 in the second direction d2.
- the loading amount of the positive electrode active material in the loading reduction area 500D may gradually decrease in the first direction d1.
- the negative active material portion 420 may be located at a portion corresponding to the loading reducing portion 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1. More specifically, in the jelly roll structure 300S, the cathode boundary portion 420B may be located at a portion corresponding to the loading reducing portion 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1.
- the corresponding positional relationship between the loading reducing unit 500D and the cathode boundary unit 420B is omitted because it overlaps with the previously described content.
- 45 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- 46 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the cutting line BB' of FIG. 45;
- the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example of the present invention includes a negative electrode 700, a positive electrode 800, and a separator 900, and includes a negative electrode 700 and a positive electrode 800. And the separator 900 is wound to form a jelly roll structure 600S.
- the negative electrode 700 may include an anode current collector 710 , an anode active material portion 720 and an anode uncoated portion 730 .
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 730 may extend in the first direction d1
- the negative electrode active material portion 720 forms a boundary between the negative electrode active material portion 720 and the negative electrode uncoated portion 730, and the loading amount gradually increases.
- a decreasing cathode boundary 720B may be included.
- 47 is a view showing a process of manufacturing an anode 700 according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- the negative electrode sheet 700S is manufactured so that the negative electrode active material portion 720 and the negative electrode uncoated portion 730 are alternately positioned along the fourth direction d4, the negative electrode uncoated portion 730 and the negative electrode active material
- a plurality of negative electrodes 700 may be manufactured by slitting the portion 720 .
- the positive electrode 800 may include a positive electrode current collector 810 , a positive electrode active material portion 820 and a positive electrode uncoated portion 880 .
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 830 may extend in the second direction d2 opposite to the first direction d1, and the positive active material portion 820 includes the positive electrode active material portion 820 and the positive electrode uncoated portion 830. ) and may include an anode boundary portion 820B in which a loading amount gradually decreases.
- FIG 48 is a view showing a process of manufacturing an anode 800 according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 830 and the positive electrode active material A plurality of anodes 800 may be manufactured by slitting the portion 820 .
- the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example of the present invention may be manufactured by winding the manufactured negative electrode 700 and the positive electrode 800 together with the separator 900 .
- the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example of the present invention may have a structure similar to the electrode assembly 300 according to the present embodiment, except for the loading reducing part 500D (see FIG. 38 ).
- the positive electrode active material portion ( 820) cannot be located. If the positive electrode active material portion 820 extends to a portion corresponding to the negative electrode boundary portion 720B, the corresponding portion is a portion showing a low N/P ratio value, and metal lithium is highly likely to be deposited. Therefore, in order to prevent lithium precipitation, the length of the positive electrode active material portion 820 has to be limited. That is, the positive electrode active material portion 820 may be formed only in the region B1 as shown, and the positive active material portion 820 may not be formed in the region B2. This results in reducing the length of the positive electrode active material portion 820 due to the negative electrode boundary portion 720B.
- the positive electrode active material is disposed at a portion corresponding to the negative electrode boundary portion 420B based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1.
- a section 520 in particular a loading reduction section 500D, may be located. Since the loading reducing portion 500D having a smaller loading amount of the positive electrode active material than the adjacent area is provided at a position corresponding to the negative electrode boundary portion 420B, the N/P ratio in the corresponding portion can be maintained high and precipitation of lithium can be prevented. there is.
- the cathode active material portion 520 may be formed as much as the area A1 and the area A2 in which the cathode active material portion 520 cannot be formed may be reduced.
- the width of the positive electrode 500 in the height direction compared to the width of the negative electrode 400 in the height direction may be increased to 98% or more.
- the electrode assembly 300 according to the present embodiment can increase the length of the positive electrode active material part by the amount of the loading reduction part 500D. It may have a higher energy density in a limited space than the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example.
- the present invention is a jelly roll type electrode assembly having a structure in which a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound in one direction, and a cylindrical battery housing in which the electrode assembly is accommodated; and a battery cap disposed above the battery housing to seal the battery housing.
- the positive electrode according to the present invention includes single-particle active material particles having an average particle diameter D 50 of 5 ⁇ m or less as a positive electrode active material.
- the cylindrical battery may further include an electrolyte solution, and the above description may be referred to for the electrolyte solution.
- the electrode assembly may have a structure of a stack type, a stack/folding type, or a jelly roll type as described above.
- the electrode assembly may have a positive electrode having a loading reducing portion as described above.
- the amount of heat and gas generated inside the battery also increases. This is because the temperature and pressure inside the battery increase due to such heat and gas, which can cause the battery to ignite or explode. In order to prevent this, heat and gas inside the battery must be properly discharged to the outside, and for this, the cross-sectional area of the battery, which serves as a passage for discharging heat to the outside of the battery, must increase to match the increase in volume.
- the increase in cross-sectional area does not reach the increase in volume, as the size of the battery increases, the amount of heat generated inside the battery increases, resulting in problems such as increased risk of explosion and reduced output.
- the present invention proposes a cylindrical battery having a high safety while having a large volume so as to realize a high capacity.
- the high-loading electrode to which the single-particle or quasi-single-particle type cathode active material is applied may be applied to a cylindrical battery, initial resistance characteristics and charge/discharge efficiency of the cylindrical battery may be improved.
- the cylindrical battery according to the present invention significantly reduces the amount of gas generated compared to the prior art by applying a single-particle or quasi-single-particle type cathode active material, and thus realizes excellent safety even in a large-sized cylindrical battery having a form factor ratio of 0.4 or more.
- the cylindrical battery according to the present invention may preferably be a battery having a tab-less structure that does not include an electrode tab, but is not limited thereto.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode each include a non-coated portion on which an active material layer is not formed, the positive electrode uncoated portion and the negative electrode uncoated portion are located at the top and bottom of the electrode assembly, respectively, and the positive electrode uncoated portion and a structure in which a current collector plate is coupled to the negative electrode uncoated portion, and the current collector plate is connected to an electrode terminal.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing in N-methylpyrrolidone, and then the positive electrode slurry was coated on one surface of an aluminum current collector sheet, dried at 120° C., and rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- conductive material super C
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- a jelly-roll type electrode assembly was prepared by stacking in the order of separator/anode/separator/cathode with a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared as described above, and then winding them.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured by inserting the electrode assembly prepared as described above into a cylindrical battery can and then injecting an electrolyte solution.
- a positive electrode active material As a positive electrode active material, it has a bimodal particle size distribution with a large average particle size D 50 of 9 ⁇ m and a small average particle size D 50 of 4 ⁇ m, and Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.04 Al 0.01 ]O 2 in the form of secondary particles.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the fact that it was used.
- each of the 4680 cells manufactured by Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was placed in a hot box chamber at room temperature, heated up to 130° C. at a heating rate of 5° C./min, and maintained for 30 minutes. Shiki performed a hot box evaluation and measured the temperature change of the battery over time. For accurate evaluation, two hot box evaluations were performed on the cell of Example 1. The measurement results are shown in FIGS. 34a and 34b.
- FIG. 34A is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured in Example 1
- FIG. 34B is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
- 33A shows a SEM photograph of the positive electrode active material used in Example 2-1.
- a cathode active material carbon nanotube: PVDF binder was mixed in N-methylpyrrolidone at a weight ratio of 97.8:0.6:1.6 to prepare a cathode slurry.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to one surface of an aluminum current collector sheet, dried at 120° C., and then rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- conductive material Super C: styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) : carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) mixed in water at a weight ratio of 96 : 2 : 1.5 : 0.5
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- a jelly-roll type electrode assembly was prepared by stacking in the order of separator/anode/separator/cathode with a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared as described above, and then winding them.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured by inserting the electrode assembly prepared as described above into a battery can and then injecting an electrolyte solution.
- 33B shows a SEM picture of the positive electrode active material used in Example 2-2.
- the positive electrode active material has a bimodal particle size distribution with an average large particle size D 50 of 9 ⁇ m and a small average particle size D 50 of 4 ⁇ m, and a positive electrode active material in the form of secondary particles (composition: Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.04 Al A 4680 cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that 0.01 ]O 2 ) was used.
- 33C shows a SEM picture of the positive electrode active material used in Comparative Example 2-2.
- each of the 4680 cells manufactured by Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 was put into a hot box chamber at room temperature, and the temperature was raised to 130 ° C. at a heating rate of 5 ° C./min, After maintaining for 30 minutes, the temperature change of the battery was measured. A case in which thermal runaway and ignition did not occur during the test was marked as Pass, and a case in which thermal runaway and/or ignition occurred was marked as Fail. Also, for the accuracy of the test, the test was performed twice or more for the cells of Examples 2-1 to 2-2.
- FIGS. 34c and 34d are shown in Table 1 below and FIGS. 34c and 34d.
- 34C is a graph showing the hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Sample 1 of Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1
- FIG. 34D is a graph showing Samples 2 and 3 of Example 2-1 and Example 2 It is a graph showing the hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Samples 1 and 2 of -2 and Comparative Example 2-2.
- Example 2-1 One 16 139 Pass 2 20.9 141 Pass 3 23.7 137 Pass Example 2-2 One 16.0 148 Pass 2 15.8 147 Pass Comparative Example 2-1 One 17 not measurable Fail Comparative Example 2-2 One 16.2 not measurable Fail
- Example 2-1 in the case of the 4680 cell of Example 2-1 to which the cathode active material in the form of a single particle/similar-single particle having a D min of 1.0 ⁇ m or more was applied, the battery remained stable until 65 minutes had elapsed.
- the cell can confirm that the battery temperature has risen rapidly.
- FIG. 35A shows a cross-sectional SEM image of the positive electrode prepared in Example 2-1
- FIG. 35B shows a cross-sectional SEM image of the positive electrode prepared in Comparative Example 2-1.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to one surface of an aluminum current collector sheet, dried, and rolled at a line pressure of 3.0 ton/cm to prepare a positive electrode.
- the porosity of the cathode active material layer of the cathode prepared as described above was measured, and the porosity was measured to be 17.5%.
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the positive electrode active material, flaky graphite, conductive material, and binder were mixed in a weight ratio of 97.2: 0.6: 0.4: 1.8, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. did The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 19%.
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the positive electrode active material, flaky graphite, conductive material, and binder were mixed in a weight ratio of 97.4: 0.4: 0.4: 1.8, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. did The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 20%.
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the positive electrode active material, flaky graphite, conductive material, and binder were mixed in a weight ratio of 97.6: 0.2: 0.4: 1.8, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. did The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 21%.
- Example 3-1 Except for the fact that a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing the positive electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder in N-methylpyrrolidone at a weight ratio of 97.8: 0.4: 1.8 without adding flaky graphite, the same as in Example 3-1 A positive electrode was prepared in the same manner, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 24%.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder in N-methylpyrrolidone at a weight ratio of 97.8: 0.4: 1.8 without adding flaky graphite, and rolling at a linear pressure of 2.0 ton/cm
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1 except for, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 30%.
- Coin half cells including positive electrodes according to Examples 3-1 to 3-4 and Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2 were prepared, charged up to 4.25V under a 0.2C current condition, and then 2.5V under a 0.2C current condition. After discharging to V, the charge capacity (mAh/g) and discharge capacity (mAh/g) of each coin half cell were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.
- Example 3-1 1.5 17.5 230.3 209.3 90.9
- Example 3-2 0.6 19 229.4 206.9 90.2
- Example 3-3 0.4 20 230.4 207.3 90.0
- Example 3-4 0.2 21 229.1 205.5 89.7 Comparative Example 3-1 0 24 229.1 204.2 89.1 Comparative Example 3-2 0 30 225.4 199.7 88.6
- Examples 3-1 to 3-4 using the positive electrode to which flaky graphite was added showed lower porosity and excellent capacity characteristics than Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-2 can confirm.
- Example 3-3 in which flaky graphite was added to the positive electrode active material layer, on the basis of SOC10%, was lower than Comparative Example 3-1 and Comparative Example 3-2, which did not contain flaky graphite. You can check. This shows that when flaky graphite is added to the positive electrode active material layer, resistance characteristics at a low SOC are improved.
- Example 3-1, Example 3-3, and Comparative Example 3-1, with a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, laminated in the order of separator/anode/separator/cathode, and then wound up to form a jelly-roll type electrode assembly was manufactured.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured by inserting the electrode assembly prepared as described above into a cylindrical battery can and then injecting an electrolyte solution.
- conductive material super C
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
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Abstract
Description
샘플 # | Venting 시간(분) | 최대 온도(℃) | 핫 박스 테스트 결과 | |
실시예 2-1 | 1 | 16 | 139 | Pass |
2 | 20.9 | 141 | Pass | |
3 | 23.7 | 137 | Pass | |
실시예 2-2 | 1 | 16.0 | 148 | Pass |
2 | 15.8 | 147 | Pass | |
비교예 2-1 | 1 | 17 | 측정 불가 | Fail |
비교예 2-2 | 1 | 16.2 | 측정 불가 | Fail |
인편상 흑연 첨가량(wt%) | 공극률(%) | 충전용량 (mAh/g) |
방전용량 (mAh/g) |
효율(%) | |
실시예 3-1 | 1.5 | 17.5 | 230.3 | 209.3 | 90.9 |
실시예 3-2 | 0.6 | 19 | 229.4 | 206.9 | 90.2 |
실시예 3-3 | 0.4 | 20 | 230.4 | 207.3 | 90.0 |
실시예 3-4 | 0.2 | 21 | 229.1 | 205.5 | 89.7 |
비교예 3-1 | 0 | 24 | 229.1 | 204.2 | 89.1 |
비교예 3-2 | 0 | 30 | 225.4 | 199.7 | 88.6 |
Claims (43)
- 제1 전극 탭 및 제2 전극 탭을 구비하는 전극 조립체;일 측에 형성된 개방부를 통해 상기 전극 조립체를 수용하며, 상기 제1 전극 탭과 전기적으로 연결되는 배터리 하우징;상기 전극 조립체의 일 면에 배치되는 지지부, 상기 지지부로부터 연장되어 상기 제1 전극 탭과 결합되는 적어도 하나의 제1 탭 결합부 및 상기 제1 탭 결합부의 단부로부터 연장되어 상기 배터리 하우징의 내측 면 상에 결합되는 적어도 하나의 하우징 결합부를 포함하는 제1 집전판;상기 전극 조립체의 일 면의 반대편에 위치하는 타 면에 배치되는 테두리부, 상기 테두리부로부터 내측으로 연장되며 상기 제2 전극 탭과 결합되는 제2 탭 결합부 및 상기 제2 탭 결합부와 이격되어 위치하는 단자 결합부를 구비하는 제2 집전판;상기 배터리 하우징의 개방부를 밀폐하도록 구성되는 캡 플레이트; 및상기 단자 결합부와 결합함으로써 상기 제2 전극 탭과 전기적으로 연결되는 배터리 단자;를 포함하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 하우징은,상기 개방부에 인접한 단부에 형성되며 내측을 향해 압입된 비딩부를 포함하고,상기 하우징 결합부는,상기 비딩부 상에 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 하우징은,상기 개방부에 인접한 단부에 형성되며 내측을 향해 압입된 비딩부를 포함하고,상기 하우징 결합부는,상기 비딩부 상에 결합되는 접촉부; 및상기 제1 탭 결합부와 상기 접촉부 사이를 연결하는 제1 연결부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 원통형 배터리는,상기 배터리 하우징과 상기 캡 플레이트 사이에 구비된 실링 가스켓을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 접촉부는,상기 비딩부와 상기 실링 가스켓 사이에 개재되어 고정된 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 비딩부와 상기 제1 집전판의 접촉부 사이에는 용접부가 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 하우징은,상기 개방부에 인접한 단부에 형성되며 내측을 향해 압입된 비딩부를 포함하고,상기 제1 탭 결합부와 상기 하우징 결합부의 경계 영역은,상기 비딩부의 최 내측부보다 더 내측에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 원통형 배터리는,상기 제1 탭 결합부 및 상기 하우징 결합부를 각각 복수 개 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 제1 연결부는,연장 방향이 전환되는 밴딩부를 적어도 하나 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 접촉부는,상기 비딩부를 따라 연장된 호 형태를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 연결부는,상기 접촉부를 따라 연장된 호 형태를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 테두리부는,중심부가 비어 있는 림 형태를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2 탭 결합부 및 상기 단자 결합부는,상기 테두리부에 의해 전기적으로 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단자 결합부는,상기 테두리부의 내측 공간의 중심부에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2 집전판은,상기 테두리부로부터 내측으로 연장되어 상기 단자 결합부와 연결되는 제2 연결부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 제2 연결부는,적어도 그 일부가, 상기 제2 탭 결합부와 비교하여 그 폭이 더 작게 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 제2 연결부는,상기 테두리부의 내측면으로부터 상기 단자 결합부를 향하는 방향을 따라 그 폭이 점점 좁아지는 테이퍼부를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 제2 탭 결합부는,복수개가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제18항에 있어서,복수의 상기 제2 탭 결합부는,상기 테두리부의 연장 방향을 따라 서로 동일 간격으로 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제18항에 있어서,복수의 상기 제2 탭 결합부 각각의 연장 길이는,서로 동일한 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 단자 결합부는,복수의 상기 제2 탭 결합부에 의해 둘러 싸이도록 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 제2 연결부는, 서로 인접한 한 쌍의 제2 탭 결합부 사이에 위치하며,상기 제2 연결부로부터 상기 테두리부의 연장 방향을 따라 상기 한 쌍의 제2 탭 결합부 중 어느 하나에 이르는 거리는, 상기 제2 연결부로부터 상기 테두리부의 연장 방향을 따라 상기 한 쌍의 제2 탭 결합부 중 나머지 하나에 이르는 거리와 동일한 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 제2 연결부는,복수개가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제23항에 있어서,복수의 제2 연결부 각각은,서로 인접한 한 쌍의 제2 탭 결합부 사이에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제23항에 있어서,복수의 상기 제2 연결부는,상기 테두리부의 연장 방향을 따라 서로 동일 간격으로 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 제2 연결부는,상기 제2 연결부의 폭을 감소시키도록 형성된 노칭부를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 제2 연결부는, 상기 제2 연결부의 폭을 감소시키도록 형성된 노칭부를 구비하며,상기 노칭부는, 상기 단자 결합부보다 상기 테이퍼부에 더 가깝게 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단자 결합부는,상기 전극 조립체의 권취 중심부에 형성된 홀과 대응되는 위치에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2 전극 탭은, 상기 배터리 하우징의 상기 개방부의 반대 편에 위치하는 폐쇄부를 향해 연장되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제29항에 있어서,상기 제2 탭 결합부는,상기 제2 전극 탭의 단부가 상기 제2 집전판과 나란한 방향을 따라 절곡되어 형성된 결합 면 상에 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 캡 플레이트는,상기 전극 조립체와 연결되지 않아 극성을 갖지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 단자는,상기 배터리 하우징의 상기 개방부의 반대 편에 위치하는 폐쇄부를 관통하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제32항에 있어서,상기 원통형 배터리는,상기 폐쇄부와 상기 제2 집전판 사이에 개재되는 인슐레이터를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제33항에 있어서,상기 배터리 단자는,상기 인슐레이터를 통과하여 상기 제2 집전판의 상기 단자 결합부와 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2전극의 활물질층은, 단입자, 유사-단입자 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는 양극 활물질을 포함하고,상기 양극 활물질의 체적 누적 분포에서 나타나는 최소 입자 크기인 Dmin은 1.0㎛ 이상이고,상기 양극 활물질의 체적 누적 분포에서 체적 누적량이 50%일 때의 입자 크기인 D50이 5.0㎛ 이하이고상기 양극 활물질의 체적 누적 분포에서 나타나는 최대 입자 크기인 Dmax가 12㎛ 내지 17㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제35항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 체적 누적 입도 분포 그래프에서 단일 피크(single peak)를 나타내는 유니모달 입도 분포를 가지며, 하기 식으로 표시되는 입도 분포(PSD, Particle Size Distribution)이 3 이하인입도 분포(PSD) = (Dmax - Dmin)/D50것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제35항에 있어서,상기 단입자, 유사-단입자 또는 이들의 조합은 상기 제2전극의 활물질층에 포함된 양극 활물질의 전체 중량을 기준으로 95wt% 내지 100wt%의 양으로 포함된 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제35항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 전이금속 전체 몰수를 기준으로 Ni을 80몰% 이상으로 포함하는 리튬 니켈계 산화물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제35항에 있어서,상기 제2전극의 활물질층은 공극율이 15% 내지 23%이고,상기 제2전극의 활물질층은 0.05wt% 내지 5wt%의 중량 비율로 인편상 흑연을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제35항에 있어서,상기 제2전극의 활물질층은 탄소나노튜브를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제35항에 있어서,상기 제1전극의 활물질층은, 실리콘계 음극 활물질 및 탄소계 음극 활물질을 포함하고,상기 실리콘계 음극 활물질 및 탄소계 음극 활물질은 1 : 99 내지 20 : 80의 중량비로 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항 내지 제41항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 원통형 배터리를 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제42항에 따른 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차.
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EP4395026A1 (en) | 2024-07-03 |
CN219497932U (zh) | 2023-08-08 |
CA3235322A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
KR102702209B1 (ko) | 2024-09-05 |
CN116014311A (zh) | 2023-04-25 |
KR20230058299A (ko) | 2023-05-03 |
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