WO2023068299A1 - 排ガス処理装置及び排ガス処理方法 - Google Patents
排ガス処理装置及び排ガス処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023068299A1 WO2023068299A1 PCT/JP2022/038936 JP2022038936W WO2023068299A1 WO 2023068299 A1 WO2023068299 A1 WO 2023068299A1 JP 2022038936 W JP2022038936 W JP 2022038936W WO 2023068299 A1 WO2023068299 A1 WO 2023068299A1
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- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- line
- concentration
- supply line
- combustion
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 228
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device and an exhaust gas treatment method.
- An exhaust gas treatment device equipped with a combustion furnace that decomposes harmful substances by combustion is used as a device that removes harmful substances in exhaust gas at a relatively low cost.
- the combustion furnace cannot be stably operated, for example, when the flow rate and composition of the exhaust gas are not stable. Therefore, it has been proposed to monitor the operating state of the combustion furnace, switch the flow path when an abnormality occurs in the combustion furnace, and treat the exhaust gas using a device that removes harmful substances by methods such as adsorption. (See Patent Document 1, for example).
- the exhaust gas contains combustible substances
- the concentrations of combustible substances and oxygen in the exhaust gas are within a certain range, explosive combustion may occur in the combustion furnace and damage the exhaust gas treatment equipment. . Therefore, if the flue gas flow path is switched after detecting an abnormality in the combustion furnace, the combustion furnace or the like may already be damaged.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and an exhaust gas treatment method that can prevent abnormalities in the operating state of a combustion furnace.
- An exhaust gas treatment apparatus includes a first concentration sensor that guides exhaust gas and detects the concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas, and a delay tank that temporarily retains the exhaust gas in this order.
- a combustion treatment line connected downstream of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; an adsorption treatment line connected downstream of the supply line in parallel with the combustion treatment line and having an adsorption device; 1
- the concentration detected by the concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold
- the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line is cut off, and the supply line is transferred to the adsorption treatment line.
- a channel switching mechanism for supplying the exhaust gas.
- the supply line has a second concentration sensor that detects the concentration of the indicator substance in the exhaust gas downstream of the delay tank, and the flow path switching mechanism includes the first When the concentration detected by the concentration sensor is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined return threshold, the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line to the combustion processing line. At the same time, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line may be cut off.
- the supply line has a second concentration sensor that detects the concentration of the indicator substance in the exhaust gas downstream of the delay tank, and the flow path switching mechanism includes the first If the density detected by the density sensor is less than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and the density detected by the second density sensor is less than or equal to a predetermined return threshold, the fact may be notified.
- the flow path switching mechanism switches the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line. may be cut off, and the exhaust gas may be supplied from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line.
- the capacity of the delay tank may be 20 times or more and 300 times or less the maximum flow rate of the exhaust gas per second.
- the adsorption treatment line may further have a cooling tower on the upstream side of the adsorption apparatus.
- the exhaust gas may contain a combustible substance, and the indicator substance may be oxygen.
- An exhaust gas treatment apparatus comprises a first concentration sensor that guides exhaust gas and detects the concentration of an indicator substance in the exhaust gas, a delay tank that temporarily retains the exhaust gas, and the a supply line having a second concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of the indicator substance in this order; a combustion processing line connected downstream of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; and a combustion processing line downstream of the supply line.
- an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel with the line and having an adsorption device; a second abnormality threshold value or more, a flow switching mechanism that cuts off the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion processing line and supplies the exhaust gas from the supply line to the adsorption processing line; , provided.
- a first concentration sensor that guides exhaust gas and detects the concentration of an index substance in the exhaust gas and a delay tank that temporarily retains the exhaust gas are arranged in this order.
- a combustion treatment line connected downstream of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; an adsorption treatment line connected downstream of the supply line in parallel with the combustion treatment line and having an adsorption device; and a channel switching mechanism for selectively introducing the exhaust gas flowing out of the supply line into either one of the combustion process line and the adsorption process line, and the first concentration sensor detects
- the measured concentration is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold
- the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line.
- An exhaust gas treatment method includes a first concentration sensor that guides exhaust gas and detects the concentration of an indicator substance in the exhaust gas, a delay tank that temporarily retains the exhaust gas, and a a supply line having, in this order, a second concentration sensor for detecting the concentration of the indicator substance; a combustion processing line connected downstream of the supply line and having a combustion furnace; and a combustion process line downstream of the supply line.
- an adsorption treatment line connected in parallel with the treatment line and having an adsorption device; and a channel switching mechanism for selectively introducing the exhaust gas flowing out from the supply line into either the combustion treatment line or the adsorption treatment line.
- the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined first abnormality threshold and/or the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined second abnormality threshold , the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line to the combustion treatment line is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line to the adsorption treatment line.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the exhaust gas treatment apparatus of FIG. 1 is also an apparatus that can be used to carry out an exhaust gas treatment method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 includes a supply line 10 for guiding exhaust gas, a combustion treatment line 20 and an adsorption treatment line 30 which are connected in parallel to the downstream side of the supply line 10, respectively, and burns the exhaust gas from the supply line 10. and a channel switching mechanism 40 that selects which of the processing line 20 and the adsorption processing line 30 to introduce.
- the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 collects exhaust gas generated by one or more exhaust gas generating sources 100 and treats it in a combustion treatment line 20 or an adsorption treatment line 30 to remove substances to be treated in the exhaust gas. released into the atmosphere through In the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1, the exhaust gas is normally treated by the combustion treatment line 20, and is treated by the adsorption treatment line 30 only when the combustion treatment line 20 is in a state of risk due to an abnormality of the exhaust gas generation source 100 or the like. be done.
- the exhaust gas to be treated in the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 may contain combustible substances as the substances to be treated or in addition to the substances to be treated. If the exhaust gas contains a certain amount of combustible material, it can burn explosively when the oxygen concentration is within a certain range. Substances to be treated in the exhaust gas may include malodorous substances such as ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, methyl sulfide, methyl disulfide, trimethylamine, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, and acetaldehyde.
- malodorous substances such as ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, methyl sulfide, methyl disulfide, trimethylamine, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, and acetaldehyde.
- the exhaust gas source 100 for discharging such exhaust gas there are a resin production apparatus 101, a catch pot 102 for recovering the exhaust gas from the resin production apparatus 101, and a vacuum pump 103 for keeping the catch pot 102 at a negative pressure.
- a resin production facility reaction by-product gases, surplus gases, and the like may be discharged during processes such as resin synthesis and transformation.
- exhaust gases emitted from such exhaust gas generating sources 100 may contain combustible gases, but oxygen concentrations are kept low if properly operated.
- the exhaust gas generation source 100 is operated within a range in which the exhaust gas discharged as a whole does not exceed the processing capacity of the combustion treatment line 20 .
- the chimney 200 guides the treated flue gas discharged from the combustion treatment line 20 and the adsorption treatment line 30 and releases it into the atmosphere, preferably into the sky.
- the chimney 200 may be shared by a plurality of exhaust gas treatment devices 1, and may also be used to discharge exhaust gas discharged from other equipment to the atmosphere.
- the supply line 10 includes, from the upstream side, a blower 11 that sends exhaust gas to the downstream side, a first concentration sensor 12 that detects the concentration of an indicator substance in the exhaust gas, a delay tank 13 that temporarily retains the exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas. and a second concentration sensor 14 for detecting the concentration of the indicator substance therein.
- the blower 11 pressurizes and sends out the exhaust gas so that it can be introduced into the combustion treatment line 20 or the adsorption treatment line 30 .
- the blower 11 it is preferable to use an explosion-proof blower.
- the first concentration sensor 12 detects the concentration of the indicator substance in the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the delay tank 13 . Therefore, the first concentration sensor 12 can detect the concentration of the indicator substance in the gas in-line in real time.
- the index substance is a component that can be used as an index for determining whether it is appropriate to treat the exhaust gas by combustion.
- the indicator substance may be oxygen.
- the delay tank 13 temporarily retains the exhaust gas so that it takes a certain amount of time for the exhaust gas whose index substance concentration has been detected by the first concentration sensor 12 to flow out to the combustion processing line 20 or the adsorption processing line 30. to As a result, the time required for control, switching of flow paths, activation of devices in the adsorption treatment line 30, and the like can be earned.
- the connection position and connection direction of the inflow port and the outflow port are selected so that the exhaust gas is prevented from blowing through from the inflow port to the outflow port, and the exhaust gas that has flowed in earlier flows out in order, and the delay tank 13 has a baffle inside.
- a structure for rectification such as a plate may be provided.
- the lower limit of the capacity of the delay tank 13 is preferably 20 times the maximum flow rate of exhaust gas per second, more preferably 30 times, and even more preferably 40 times.
- the upper limit of the capacity of the delay tank 13 is preferably 300 times, more preferably 200 times, and even more preferably 150 times the maximum flow rate of exhaust gas per second.
- the capacity of the delay tank 13 equal to or less than the upper limit, the utilization rate of the combustion treatment line 20 is unnecessarily lowered, resulting in an increase in treatment cost, and the required treatment capacity of the adsorption treatment line 30 is increased. It is possible to suppress an increase in equipment cost resulting from this.
- the second concentration sensor 14 is composed of a sensor similar to the first concentration sensor 12 and detects the concentration of the indicator substance in the exhaust gas downstream of the delay tank 13 .
- the combustion treatment line 20 includes a combustion furnace 21 that decomposes the substances to be treated in the exhaust gas by combustion, and a frame that is provided upstream of the combustion furnace 21 and prevents the flame generated by combustion in the combustion furnace 21 from propagating to the upstream side. and an arrester 22 .
- the combustion furnace 21 combusts (oxidatively decomposes) or thermally decomposes substances to be treated, etc. by burning at least one of combustible substances in the exhaust gas and fuel supplied from the outside. For this reason, the combustion furnace 21 has a burner that introduces fuel and combustion air thereinto and forms a flame in the combustion chamber through which the exhaust gas passes.
- the combustion furnace 21 may also be configured to introduce combustion air into the combustion chamber for combustible substances in the exhaust gas. By using such a combustion furnace 21, the substances to be treated in the exhaust gas can be removed at a relatively low cost.
- the combustion furnace 21 may have a device for reducing nitrogen oxides to nitrogen gas by spraying a reducing agent such as urea into exhaust gas after combustion.
- the flame arrestor 22 allows passage of the exhaust gas, but blocks the flame.
- the flame arrestor 22 may be formed by winding a corrugated metal sheet, for example, to form a large number of fine gas flow paths, and the corrugated metal sheet may absorb the heat of the incoming flame and extinguish the flame.
- the adsorption treatment line 30 may be configured to have a cooling tower 31 , a pre-adsorption device 32 , a scrubber 33 and a chemical adsorption device 34 .
- the adsorption treatment line 30 is used primarily when there is a risk of treating the exhaust gas with the combustion treatment line 20, and adsorbs and removes substances to be treated in the exhaust gas.
- the adsorption treatment line 30 may be configured to be able to operate continuously for a certain period of time until the treatment by the combustion treatment line 20 can be restarted, for example, by adjusting the operating conditions of the exhaust gas generation source 100 .
- the cooling tower 31 is configured to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas by spraying water into the exhaust gas to evaporate it. Cooling tower 31 may be configured to collect unevaporated water at its lower end. In addition, the cooling tower 31 may adjust the amount of water sprayed so that all the sprayed water evaporates.
- the pre-adsorption device 32 may be configured to adsorb fine particles and chemical substances in the exhaust gas using a chemical adsorption material such as activated carbon, ceramic, or the like supporting a catalyst or the like.
- a chemical adsorption material such as activated carbon, ceramic, or the like supporting a catalyst or the like.
- the scrubber 33 removes components in the exhaust gas by contacting the exhaust gas with water or the chemical solution and dissolving them in the water or the chemical solution.
- the substances to be treated can be efficiently removed by using an acidic chemical to which an acid such as sulfuric acid is added.
- the scrubber 33 does not use the adsorption treatment line 30 because the circulation of water or chemicals in the scrubber 33 is relatively low cost, and it may take time to operate stably after starting. Even in such a case, it is preferable that the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 is operated at all times.
- the scrubber 33 reduces its ability to remove exhaust gas components as the dissolved concentration of the exhaust gas components in the water or chemical solution increases.
- the ability of water or a chemical solution to remove exhaust gas components depends on the type of chemical solution or exhaust gas component, but it can be confirmed by measuring the dissolved concentration of the exhaust gas component or using, for example, pH as an index.
- the exhaust gas component removing ability of the scrubber 33 is lowered, it is necessary to replace the water or the chemical solution.
- the scrubber 33 generally has a removal capacity in terms of the amount of treatment, it is difficult to completely contact exhaust gas with water or a chemical solution, and there is a limit to the removal rate.
- the chemisorption device 34 is an adsorbent chemically treated with activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, etc. to improve the adsorption capacity for the substance to be treated, or an adsorption member having a catalyst supported on a ceramic base material, etc., to remove the substance to be treated in the exhaust gas. is a device that removes by chemisorption. By providing the chemical adsorption device 34 at the final stage, it becomes possible to substantially completely remove the substances to be treated in the exhaust gas.
- the chemical adsorption device 34 When the chemical adsorption device 34 adsorbs a certain amount of the substance to be treated, it breaks through and allows the substance to pass through, so it is necessary to replace the adsorbent or the like.
- the lower limit of the continuous operation possible time at the designed maximum load of the chemisorption device 34 is preferably 30 minutes, more preferably 1 hour.
- the upper limit of the continuous operation possible time at the designed maximum load of the chemisorption device 34 is preferably 10 hours, more preferably 5 hours.
- the channel switching mechanism 40 selects whether to introduce the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 into the combustion process line 20 or into the adsorption process line 30 .
- the flow path switching mechanism 40 includes a combustion selection damper 41 provided at the inlet of the combustion processing line 20, an adsorption selection damper 42 provided at the inlet of the adsorption processing line 30, the first concentration sensor 12 and the second concentration sensor 14. and a switching control device 43 that controls the combustion selection damper 41 and the adsorption selection damper 42 based on the detected value of .
- the combustion selection damper 41 and the adsorption selection damper 42 are each a valve mechanism capable of opening or closing the flow path.
- the combustion selection damper 41 and the adsorption selection damper 42 may be replaced with a single diverter provided at the branch point of the flow path.
- the switching control device 43 closes the combustion selection damper 41 to prevent exhaust gas from flowing from the supply line 10 to the combustion processing line 20. It can be configured to supply exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30 by shutting off the supply and opening the adsorption selection damper 42 .
- the "detected concentration” is not limited to a real-time detection value, and may be a value obtained by performing filtering or the like to exclude disturbance.
- the exhaust gas stays in the delay tank 13 for a certain period of time and then flows out downstream, so the first concentration sensor 12 arranged upstream of the delay tank 13 detects an increase in the concentration of the indicator substance. After that, there is time until the exhaust gas containing the high-concentration indicator substance actually flows out from the supply line 10 . Therefore, when the first concentration sensor 12 detects an increase in the concentration of the index substance, the supply of the exhaust gas to the combustion processing line 20 is cut off and the supply of the exhaust gas to the adsorption processing line 30 is started.
- the exhaust gas containing the concentration index substance can be treated in the adsorption treatment line 30 without being introduced into the combustion treatment line 20 .
- the switching control device 43 preferably controls at least starting and stopping of the devices of the adsorption treatment line 30 such as the cooling tower 31, for example. Unnecessary energy consumption of the adsorption process line 30 can be suppressed by controlling the devices of the adsorption process line 30 by the switching control device 43 . In this case, when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 rises above a predetermined first abnormality threshold value, the switching control device 43 first activates the devices of the adsorption processing line 30 so that the adsorption processing line 30 stabilizes.
- the combustion selection damper 41 may be closed and the adsorption selection damper 42 may be opened after a predetermined start-up time that is considered to be in a state in which the engine can be operated after a certain period of time has elapsed.
- This startup time is longer than the time from when the first concentration sensor 12 detects an increase in the concentration of the indicator substance to when the concentration of the indicator substance in the exhaust gas actually flowing out from the supply line 10 after passing through the delay tank 13 rises. A sufficiently short time. Thereby, reliable removal of the substance to be treated in the adsorption treatment line 30 can be ensured.
- the switching control device 43 preferably notifies the fact in a manner that the operator can identify. Further, the switching control device 43 may send a signal for emergency stop of the exhaust gas generation source 100 before a breakthrough occurs in the adsorption treatment line 30 .
- the switching control device 43 controls the combustion selection damper 41 when the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is less than the first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or less than the predetermined recovery threshold. is opened to supply exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the combustion treatment line 20, and the adsorption selection damper 42 is closed to block the supply of exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30. good.
- the combustion treatment line 20 has returned to a state where the exhaust gas can be safely treated, and the combustion treatment line 20 returns to the operation of removing the substance to be treated by combustion.
- the combustion treatment line 20 returns to the operation of removing the substance to be treated by combustion.
- the switching control device 43 may entrust the operator with the final decision to restart the supply of the exhaust gas to the combustion processing line 20 . Therefore, when the density detected by the first density sensor 12 is less than the first abnormal threshold and the density detected by the second density sensor 14 is less than or equal to the recovery threshold, the switching control device 43 allows the operator to It can be configured to announce with a recognizable sun. Specifically, the switching control device 43 may display the detection values of the first density sensor 12 and the second density sensor 14 so as to be able to compare them with the first abnormality threshold value and the recovery threshold value.
- the relationship between the detection values of the first concentration sensor 12 and the second concentration sensor 14 and their respective thresholds is the same as the amount of exhaust gas to the combustion processing line 20. It may be notified as a single piece of information whether or not the conditions for resuming supply are met.
- the switching control device 43 closes the combustion selection damper 41 to switch the fuel from the supply line 10 to the combustion processing line 20 .
- the exhaust gas may be supplied from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30 by shutting off the supply of the exhaust gas and opening the adsorption selection damper 42 .
- the index substance concentration of the exhaust gas flowing out of the supply line 10 immediately increases, it is preferable to supply the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30 without waiting for the start-up time of the devices of the adsorption treatment line 30 .
- the detection value of the second concentration sensor 14 changes with a delay from the change in the detection value of the first concentration sensor 12, and the time difference depends on the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the capacity of the delay tank 13.
- the detection value of the second concentration sensor 14 may increase even though the detection value of the first concentration sensor 12 has not increased. Therefore, it is preferable that the switching control device 43 informs the operator based on which detection value of the first concentration sensor 12 or the second concentration sensor 14 the adsorption processing line 30 is used.
- the first abnormality threshold for oxygen which is an index substance
- the recovery threshold can be set to a concentration sufficiently lower than the first abnormality threshold and slightly higher than the normal oxygen concentration, eg, about 3%.
- the second abnormality threshold may be the same value as the first abnormality threshold, or may be a value different from the first abnormality threshold.
- the concentration of oxygen (indicator substance) in the exhaust gas collected from the exhaust gas source 100 by the first concentration sensor 12 increases and explosive combustion may occur in the combustion furnace 21, Since the flow path is switched so that the exhaust gas is treated in the adsorption treatment line 30 before the exhaust gas with a high oxygen concentration passes through the delay tank 13, explosive combustion is prevented and the equipment is damaged. can be avoided.
- the exhaust gas treatment method that can be carried out using the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 1 guides the exhaust gas and detects the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas.
- a supply line 10 having a sensor 12 and a delay tank 13 for temporarily retaining exhaust gas in this order;
- a combustion processing line 20 connected downstream of the supply line 10 and having a combustion furnace 21;
- the adsorption treatment line 30 is connected in parallel with the combustion treatment line 20 on the downstream side and has adsorption devices 32 and 34, and the exhaust gas flowing out from the supply line 10 is selectively directed to either the combustion treatment line 20 or the adsorption treatment line 30.
- the flow path switching mechanism 40 is introduced into the combustion processing line from the supply line 10
- the supply of the exhaust gas to 20 is cut off, and the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30 .
- the supply line 10 has a second concentration sensor 14 for detecting the concentration of the index substance in the exhaust gas downstream of the delay tank 13, and the concentration detected by the first concentration sensor 12 is
- the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is less than the predetermined first abnormality threshold and the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or less than the predetermined return threshold
- the exhaust gas is supplied from the supply line 10 to the combustion processing line 20, and the adsorption is performed from the supply line 10.
- the supply of the exhaust gas to the treatment line 30 may be cut off, and even when the concentration detected by the second concentration sensor 14 is equal to or higher than the predetermined second abnormality threshold, the supply of the exhaust gas from the supply line 10 to the combustion treatment line 20 is stopped.
- the supply may be cut off and exhaust gas may be supplied from the supply line 10 to the adsorption treatment line 30 .
- the adsorption treatment line is not limited to having a cooling device or the like as long as it has a device that adsorbs the substance to be treated.
- the combustible substance is used as the index substance, and the first A concentration sensor and a second concentration sensor may detect the concentration of the combustible substance.
- the risks to be avoided by treating the exhaust gas with the adsorption treatment line in the exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present invention are not limited to explosive combustion, but may include, for example, incomplete combustion, generation of chemical substances, etc.
- the line for treating the exhaust gas may be switched based on the concentration of the indicator substance other than oxygen according to the type of risk.
- switching from the combustion treatment line to the adsorption treatment line may be performed based only on the detection value of the second concentration sensor.
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Abstract
Description
10 供給ライン
11 送風機
12 第1濃度センサ
13 遅延タンク
14 第2濃度センサ
20 燃焼処理ライン
21 燃焼炉
22 フレームアレスタ
30 吸着処理ライン
31 冷却塔
32 プレ吸着装置
33 スクラバ
34 化学吸着装置
40 流路切替機構
41 燃焼選択ダンパ
42 吸着選択ダンパ
43 切替制御装置
100 排ガス発生源
200 煙突
Claims (10)
- 排ガスを案内し、前記排ガス中の指標物質の濃度を検出する第1濃度センサと前記排ガスを一次的に滞留させる遅延タンクとをこの順番に有する供給ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に接続され、燃焼炉を有する燃焼処理ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に前記燃焼処理ラインと並列に接続され、吸着装置を有する吸着処理ラインと、
前記第1濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第1異常閾値以上である場合には、前記供給ラインから前記燃焼処理ラインへの前記排ガスの供給を遮断すると共に、前記供給ラインから前記吸着処理ラインに前記排ガスを供給する流路切替機構と、
を備える、排ガス処理装置。 - 前記供給ラインは、前記遅延タンクの下流側に、前記排ガス中の前記指標物質の濃度を検出する第2濃度センサを有し、
前記流路切替機構は、前記第1濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第1異常閾値未満、且つ前記第2濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の復帰閾値以下となった場合に、前記供給ラインから前記燃焼処理ラインに前記排ガスを供給すると共に、前記供給ラインから前記吸着処理ラインへの前記排ガスの供給を遮断する、請求項1に記載の排ガス処理装置。 - 前記供給ラインは、前記遅延タンクの下流側に、前記排ガス中の前記指標物質の濃度を検出する第2濃度センサを有し、
前記流路切替機構は、前記第1濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第1異常閾値未満、且つ前記第2濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の復帰閾値以下となった場合に、その旨を報知する、請求項1に記載の排ガス処理装置。 - 前記流路切替機構は、前記第2濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第2異常閾値以上である場合にも、前記供給ラインから前記燃焼処理ラインへの前記排ガスの供給を遮断すると共に、前記供給ラインから前記吸着処理ラインに前記排ガスを供給する、請求項2又は3に記載の排ガス処理装置。
- 前記遅延タンクの容量は、前記排ガスの1秒当たりの最大流量の20倍以上300倍以下である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。
- 前記吸着処理ラインは、前記吸着装置の上流側に冷却塔をさらに有する、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。
- 前記排ガスは可燃性物質を含有し、前記指標物質は酸素である、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。
- 排ガスを案内し、前記排ガス中の指標物質の濃度を検出する第1濃度センサと前記排ガスを一次的に滞留させる遅延タンクと前記排ガス中の前記指標物質の濃度を検出する第2濃度センサとをこの順番に有する供給ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に接続され、燃焼炉を有する燃焼処理ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に前記燃焼処理ラインと並列に接続され、吸着装置を有する吸着処理ラインと、
前記第1濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第1異常閾値以上である場合及び/又は前記第2濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第2異常閾値以上である場合には、前記供給ラインから前記燃焼処理ラインへの前記排ガスの供給を遮断すると共に、前記供給ラインから前記吸着処理ラインに前記排ガスを供給する流路切替機構と、
を備える、排ガス処理装置。 - 排ガスを案内し、前記排ガス中の指標物質の濃度を検出する第1濃度センサと前記排ガスを一次的に滞留させる遅延タンクとをこの順番に有する供給ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に接続され、燃焼炉を有する燃焼処理ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に前記燃焼処理ラインと並列に接続され、吸着装置を有する吸着処理ラインと、
前記供給ラインから流出する前記排ガスを前記燃焼処理ライン及び前記吸着処理ラインのいずれか一方に選択的に導入する流路切替機構と、
を備える、排ガス処理装置を用い、
前記第1濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第1異常閾値以上である場合には、前記供給ラインから前記燃焼処理ラインへの前記排ガスの供給を遮断すると共に、前記供給ラインから前記吸着処理ラインに前記排ガスを供給する、排ガス処理方法。 - 排ガスを案内し、前記排ガス中の指標物質の濃度を検出する第1濃度センサと前記排ガスを一次的に滞留させる遅延タンクと前記排ガス中の前記指標物質の濃度を検出する第2濃度センサとをこの順番に有する供給ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に接続され、燃焼炉を有する燃焼処理ラインと、
前記供給ラインの下流側に前記燃焼処理ラインと並列に接続され、吸着装置を有する吸着処理ラインと、
前記供給ラインから流出する前記排ガスを前記燃焼処理ライン及び前記吸着処理ラインのいずれか一方に選択的に導入する流路切替機構と、
を備える、排ガス処理装置を用い、
前記第1濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第1異常閾値以上である場合及び/又は前記第2濃度センサが検出した濃度が所定の第2異常閾値以上である場合には、前記供給ラインから前記燃焼処理ラインへの前記排ガスの供給を遮断すると共に、前記供給ラインから前記吸着処理ラインに前記排ガスを供給する、排ガス処理方法。
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