WO2023067204A1 - Plate-forme suspendue de type caisson pour la collecte, le nettoyage, l'élimination de la coque et le stockage d'amandes - Google Patents

Plate-forme suspendue de type caisson pour la collecte, le nettoyage, l'élimination de la coque et le stockage d'amandes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023067204A1
WO2023067204A1 PCT/ES2021/070757 ES2021070757W WO2023067204A1 WO 2023067204 A1 WO2023067204 A1 WO 2023067204A1 ES 2021070757 W ES2021070757 W ES 2021070757W WO 2023067204 A1 WO2023067204 A1 WO 2023067204A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
subsystem
fruit
cleaning
fruits
almonds
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2021/070757
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José BAENA CARMONA
Juan Manuel BAENA CARMONA
Raul BAENA CARMONA
Antonio Joaquin BAENA CARMONA
Original Assignee
Baena Carmona Jose
Baena Carmona Juan Manuel
Baena Carmona Raul
Baena Carmona Antonio Joaquin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baena Carmona Jose, Baena Carmona Juan Manuel, Baena Carmona Raul, Baena Carmona Antonio Joaquin filed Critical Baena Carmona Jose
Priority to PCT/ES2021/070757 priority Critical patent/WO2023067204A1/fr
Publication of WO2023067204A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023067204A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D51/00—Apparatus for gathering together crops spread on the soil, e.g. apples, beets, nuts, potatoes, cotton, cane sugar
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts

Definitions

  • the invention that is recommended falls within the technical field of auxiliary agricultural machinery, specifically, the invention refers to a suspended agricultural machine, drawer type, bale collector, with the particularity that it integrates processes of collection, cleaning, uncapping and transport system to the storage of different fruits, although almonds are mentioned in particular in this report.
  • the object of the invention is a device for the harvesting, treatment and storage of almonds in the field, its main feature being the integration of harvesting, treatment and storage techniques in an integrated process, linked or uninterrupted. Therefore, it consists of a drawer-type suspended platform for the collection, cleaning, decapping and storage of almonds.
  • the current systems for the harvesting of the almond have as objective to improve the productive processes, in order to increase the final productivity.
  • These collection systems are multiple and diverse. They range from manual collection by shaking and receiving the fruit on bales (canvases), to mechanized systems with a trunk vibration system and receiving the fruit on bales, umbrella-type platforms or lateral inclined panel-type platforms.
  • the present invention integrates various collection operations, which reduces transportation times, vehicle traffic on the farm to be collected, and eliminates downtime dedicated to unloading the collected product.
  • This machine and its system by carrying out the operations in an integrated and continuous process, provide a set of advantages that can be materialized as follows:
  • the operator or field operators To collect the harvested fruit that has been deposited on the bales, the operator or field operators have to hook two ends of the bale onto an anchoring system arranged on the sides of the platform and the other two ends onto a two-wheel drive system. parallel located at the top end of the platform.
  • This system is anchored to a gunboat with the ability to rotate up to 15 degrees for each side. Lateral rotation is actuated by a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
  • the objective of the rotation of the bale collector is to better adapt to the terrain in lateral slope working conditions, thus making it easier for the operators to anchor the bale to the subsystem and to collect it when it is thrown out.
  • the recommended auxiliary machine is also equipped with a leveling system located in the coupling mouth so that, from the towing vehicle, it can be leveled to maintain its horizontality.
  • a joint structure has been arranged at the rear of the platform or auxiliary vehicle that has a central bushing, with two opposing holes, through which an axis passes that is fixed to the bushing by means of a pin, the bushing being integral with a thick sheet metal piece by welding, for example, which has a hydraulic cylinder in a diagonal position, fixed at one of its upper ends, and which is firmly connected to the chassis of the platform or auxiliary vehicle at its other end, making it possible through of hydraulics, electricity, etc., on sloping terrain, it adopts the desired position.
  • the rotation of these is activated, each one driven by a motor, which allows the bale to be pulled, letting the almond or fruit fall on a reception and transport belt by tipping, for which, and as a support element and effective solution, it has two bars laterally on the chassis and that start from a forward position in relation to the bottom line of the collecting belt, where the ends of the bale closest to the machine are hooked, so that said hooks run along the bars to the opposite ends located in the horizontal of the wheels, when the bale is almost completely collected, thus dumping all the content.
  • Said collection process sometimes causes the appearance of concentrations, supposes the presence of bags where the fruit has been singularly concentrated and that is corrected by means of the transversal installation of a semi-arched axis in its center, linearly, on individual bearings that allow it to rotate when pass the bale over it, in such a way that it undoes the concentration and favors a more orderly collection of the fruit.
  • the reception and transport belt performs a double function and work: o Hopper, where the bales (canvases) are unloaded where the fruits have been deposited after the tree felling operation. o From the fruit conduction system to the cleaning subsystem. Once the fruit that was stored in the bale is deposited on the reception and transport belt, the entire remaining bale is passed through the drive wheels to the outside of the system. Once the bale has been expelled from the system, the field operators extend and reuse it again.
  • the reception and transport belt is activated by a motor which has a speed regulator that will adapt according to the needs that are required.
  • the cleaning work is carried out through a forced ventilation system where disposable plant material is eliminated by two subsystems:
  • the leaf will be removed by an air current that passes between the reception and transport belt and the stripping.
  • the air stream driven by turbines in parallel and activated by a hydraulic motor will emit a flow of air, through a nozzle, sufficient to remove the leaves from the system.
  • the fruit passes through a system of rollers and toothed stars with an adjustable separation between them.
  • the separation between the rollers is such that the fruit can fall towards the next subsystem, while the toothed stars will be in charge of expelling the branches from the system.
  • the destemming is activated by a motor.
  • the fruit Once the fruit has been cleaned, it falls into a subsystem made up of a gutter with an endless screw that leads the fruit to the next detopping subsystem.
  • the auger is activated by a motor.
  • the fruit passes into some curved rods in the shape of a spring-like spiral.
  • the inner hole of the rods there are rubber stars with a certain diameter that, when they rotate, cause the top of the almond fruit to detach.
  • the set of the machine is constituted by two headers, each of them activated hydraulically, by electricity, etc.
  • the almonds or fruits are transferred to the transport and storage subsystem, either through belts, augers, air-propelled, etc.
  • Figure 1 Shows the right side view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 2 Shows the rear view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 3 Shows the left side view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 4. Shows the front view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 5. Shows the top view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 9 Shows the details of the turbines and nozzle of the blade cleaning system.
  • Figure 14 Shows the details of the subsystem for transporting the fruit by air to the storage area.
  • Double acting cylinder for lateral rotation of the subsystem 1.4. Double acting cylinder for lateral rotation of the subsystem.
  • Machine chassis support structure 6.5. Machine chassis support structure.
  • Figures 1 to 6 show different views and perspectives of the machine and the different subsystems that make it up.
  • the auxiliary machine presents a chassis or main structural plan of rectangular configuration comprised of profiles, on which they rise vertically.
  • a box also made of profiles, from which prolongations of profiles start to converge with the previous vertices of the platform.
  • FIG. 7 shows the bale collector subsystem, which is made up of a pair of driving wheels (1.1) through which the bale passes, a gunboat (1.2) that is anchored to the chassis and the bale collector subsystem that gives it rotation. lateral, a cylindrical protector (1.3) for each engine and wheel turning system, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (1.4) that is in charge of giving the collector subsystem lateral rotation, a support plate (1.5) where the different elements that make up this subsystem are anchored, and the motors (1.6) that are in charge of activating the movement of the wheels.
  • Figure 8 represents the subsystem of the reception and transport belt, which is made up of a band (2.1) that is in charge of receiving the fruit accumulated in the bale and transporting it to the next cleaning subsystem, the support structure of the band (2.2) that is made up of two lateral metal sheets and two rollers that transmit the movement to the band when they are actuated by the hydraulic motor (2.6), anchoring legs (2.3) that are attached to the lateral metal sheets of the band structure and the chassis of the machine, some lateral tensioners (2.4) that are arranged in the lower lateral part of the metal sheet in order to tighten the band and two upper lateral plates anchored to the chassis of the machine for channeling from the fruit towards the band (2.5).
  • figure 6 shows the complement to the reception subsystem, which consists of two parallel bars (1.7) that start from the side profiles of the chassis, in an advanced position with respect to the vertical of the start of the tape. (2.1) of the reception subsystem, thus forcing the bale to overturn all the fruit on the belt since the closest ends of the bale are attached to said bars while the furthest ends are attached to the bale collector subsystem, forcing the bale to overturn entirely on the tape or tape (2.1).
  • FIG. 9 shows the turbine blade and nozzle cleaning subsystem (3, 4), which is made up of several turbines in parallel (3.1), driven by a hydraulic motor (3.3) that transmits the movement to an axis. motor (3.2) common for turbines.
  • the nozzle (4.1) is attached at one end to the mouths of the turbines and at the other end it has a modular outlet for air (4.2); air that will be in charge of eliminating the leaf that falls next to the fruit in the form of a cascade from the reception and transport belt to the destemming.
  • Figure 10 shows the destemming subsystem (5), consisting of a structure that serves as support and fastening to the chassis of the machine (5.1), a hydraulic motor (5.2) in charge of transmitting the movement to a series of pinions. transmission (5.3) that activate the rotation of the axes made up of rollers (5.4) and toothed stars (5.5), in charge of the rollers to let the fruit pass to the next subsystem and the stars to eliminate the branches that have fallen after the process of demolition of the fruit.
  • a hydraulic motor 5.2
  • transmission that activate the rotation of the axes made up of rollers (5.4) and toothed stars (5.5), in charge of the rollers to let the fruit pass to the next subsystem and the stars to eliminate the branches that have fallen after the process of demolition of the fruit.
  • FIG 11 graphically describes the collection and transport subsystem, which is made up of a gutter (6.1) where the fruit that has gone through the destemming is received and in which the received fruit is transferred by a combination of augers (6.2). up to the fruit drop hole (6.3) towards the topper, in the case of almonds. These augers are driven by a motor (6.4). This subsystem is anchored to the chassis by two metal clamps (6.5) that have the contour of the gutter.
  • figure 14 where it is graphically described how the fruit that does not need destemming treatment is transported so that it is deposited on a conveyor belt (9) located under the destemming, through a hopper that is made up of two oversized sheets. (9.1) at one of its ends in order to give the belt an inclination, favoring the output of the fruit, and that the belt is actuated by a motor (9.3) and tensioned at one of its ends by a tensioner (9.2) moving the fruit to a belt that, combined with another (8) or others in suitable positions, complement each other to move them to the storage area of the auxiliary machine of the invention.
  • This assembly is anchored to the chassis by means of a fixing structure (9.4) from which the plates emerge laterally and supports the motor and the other elements that allow the belt (9) to operate.
  • the transport assembly (8) described by means of belts, is actuated by a motor, as well as the replacement of the belts by equally valid and conventional systems such as augers, air jets, etc. is foreseen or contemplated.
  • Figure 12 shows in detail the different general external elements of the subsystem of the almond sheller, which is made up of a rectangular metal frame (7.1), whose ends are anchored to the chassis of the shell. machine, some lateral and upper linings or protective plates (7.2) that prevent the hood from shooting out towards the rest of the subsystems, a fruit inlet mouth (7.3) arranged in the initial upper part of the set, two hydraulic motors (7.4) (or of any other type) each one of them attached to the axes that provide movement to the topless system, and crescent-shaped holes arranged at the opposite end to the hydraulic motors through which the almond exits. without hood (7.5).
  • a spring-type spiral (7.6) is available, which when the rotation axis (7.8) is activated by the motor, the rubber stars (7.7) rotate, which when the almond with the hood collides between the rubber stars and the spring type spiral will cause the hood to detach from the almond.
  • leveling subsystem leveling subsystem
  • a necessary leveling system that is has decided to consist of a device located in the coupling socket which consists of a structure attached to said socket that has a central bushing (10.1) with two opposite holes, through which an axis passes that is fixed to the bushing by means of a pin through these holes, the bushing being attached to a thick sheet metal piece by welding, for example, which has a hydraulic cylinder in a diagonal position, fixed at one of its upper ends, and which is firmly connected to the chassis of the platform by its other end, making it adopt the desired position by means of hydraulics, electricity, etc., on sloping terrain, especially when traveling on slopes or sloping terrain.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

Une machine auxiliaire agricole, de type caisson avec plate-forme suspendue est accouplée à un véhicule tracteur ou similaire, comprend divers sous-systèmes qui se composent des éléments fonctionnels correspondants pour la cueillette d'amandes et d'autres fruits en ballots, leur nettoyage, leur égrappage, l'élimination de leur coque et leur stockage, le tout étant effectué dans le champ et de manière enchaînée et ininterrompue. Ladite machine auxiliaire comprend un sous-système de transport ou de collecte des ballots (fig.7) pour rassembler les fruits cueillis et les déposer ensuite dans le sous-système de réception et de transport (fig.8) qui les amène vers un sous-système intégré de nettoyage (fig.9) et un autre d'égrappage (fig.10) avec l'élimination de résidus pour les faire tomber alors dans un sous-système d'élimination de coques (fig.12) ou sur un convoyeur (fig.14) et, de là, jusqu'à une zone d'entreposage.
PCT/ES2021/070757 2021-10-18 2021-10-18 Plate-forme suspendue de type caisson pour la collecte, le nettoyage, l'élimination de la coque et le stockage d'amandes WO2023067204A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2021/070757 WO2023067204A1 (fr) 2021-10-18 2021-10-18 Plate-forme suspendue de type caisson pour la collecte, le nettoyage, l'élimination de la coque et le stockage d'amandes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2021/070757 WO2023067204A1 (fr) 2021-10-18 2021-10-18 Plate-forme suspendue de type caisson pour la collecte, le nettoyage, l'élimination de la coque et le stockage d'amandes

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WO2023067204A1 true WO2023067204A1 (fr) 2023-04-27

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PCT/ES2021/070757 WO2023067204A1 (fr) 2021-10-18 2021-10-18 Plate-forme suspendue de type caisson pour la collecte, le nettoyage, l'élimination de la coque et le stockage d'amandes

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5001893A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-03-26 Weiss/Mcnair Inc. Tractor powered nut harvester
US5592805A (en) * 1993-12-01 1997-01-14 Croft; W. Jack Nut harvester
ES2324094T3 (es) * 2001-01-22 2009-07-30 Pellenc Iberica S.L. Maquina para la recogida de productos agricolas esparcidos en el suelo, en particular de pequeños frutos.
US9027319B1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-05-12 Guiseppe Di Anna Nut tree pickup and debris separator
EP3378336A1 (fr) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-26 Cala' S.R.L. Procédé et dispositif pour séparer les amandes des coques

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5001893A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-03-26 Weiss/Mcnair Inc. Tractor powered nut harvester
US5592805A (en) * 1993-12-01 1997-01-14 Croft; W. Jack Nut harvester
ES2324094T3 (es) * 2001-01-22 2009-07-30 Pellenc Iberica S.L. Maquina para la recogida de productos agricolas esparcidos en el suelo, en particular de pequeños frutos.
US9027319B1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-05-12 Guiseppe Di Anna Nut tree pickup and debris separator
EP3378336A1 (fr) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-26 Cala' S.R.L. Procédé et dispositif pour séparer les amandes des coques

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