WO2023065646A1 - 光电型透水铺面构造 - Google Patents

光电型透水铺面构造 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023065646A1
WO2023065646A1 PCT/CN2022/091723 CN2022091723W WO2023065646A1 WO 2023065646 A1 WO2023065646 A1 WO 2023065646A1 CN 2022091723 W CN2022091723 W CN 2022091723W WO 2023065646 A1 WO2023065646 A1 WO 2023065646A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permeable
photoelectric
base
water
pavement
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PCT/CN2022/091723
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈瑞文
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陈瑞文
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Publication date
Application filed by 陈瑞文 filed Critical 陈瑞文
Priority to KR1020247006416A priority Critical patent/KR20240036097A/ko
Priority to GB2400961.5A priority patent/GB2623676A/en
Publication of WO2023065646A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023065646A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C17/00—Pavement lights, i.e. translucent constructions forming part of the surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/61—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/20—Drainage details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/64—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of floor constructions, grounds or roads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
    • F24S25/11—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface using shaped bodies, e.g. concrete elements, foamed elements or moulded box-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/40—Preventing corrosion; Protecting against dirt or contamination
    • F24S40/44—Draining rainwater or condensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention is a photoelectric type permeable pavement structure, especially a disaster-prevention pavement that can not only construct a green energy pavement with a solar power system, but also has the function of quickly draining rainwater.
  • Sponge city is a kind of urban In China, build a new urban model for flood control and waterlogging as well as ecological and environmental protection functions, such as building permeable pavements to replace non-permeable pavements.
  • ecological and environmental protection functions such as building permeable pavements to replace non-permeable pavements.
  • water can be absorbed, stored, infiltrated, and purified.
  • climate is dry and hot, it can release water vapor to improve
  • the heat island effect prevents the gradual expansion of global warming.
  • the energy transition is to promote the use of renewable energy, improve the energy structure through green energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve environmental quality, and leave a clean earth to future generations.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric permeable pavement structure, which can not only use solar panels to convert light energy into electrical energy, but also can quickly drain surface rainwater to the ground, reducing the chance of surface floods. Replenish the groundwater source to achieve a surface pavement with both green energy and disaster prevention functions.
  • the photoelectric type water-permeable pavement structure provided by the present invention is composed of a photoelectric module and a water-permeable unit:
  • the photoelectric module is laid on the ground and is provided with a base, and a permeable channel is designed around the base.
  • the base is provided with a frame on the top edge, and a solar panel is embedded inside the frame.
  • the base is provided with a fixing piece on the bottom surface for positioning.
  • On the top of the permeable unit there is also a bare space inside the base, and a through hole is provided around the bare space for connecting pipes to be embedded and communicate with the adjacent base;
  • the permeable unit is a permeable pavement arranged under the photoelectric module
  • the pavement structure composed of the above components not only converts the energy of sunlight into electrical energy through the photoelectric module, but also quickly drains the rainwater from the ground to the ground through the drainage holes formed by the permeable unit.
  • the photoelectric water-permeable floor pavement constructed by the components converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy for use in sunny days by utilizing the photoelectric modules arranged on the ground.
  • the rainwater on the ground can be quickly drained to the ground through the drainage holes, which can not only effectively prevent the solar panel from soaking water, but also prevent the chance of flooding on the surface, and also replenish groundwater resources to achieve a green energy
  • the surface pavement of disaster prevention effect can not only effectively prevent the solar panel from soaking water, but also prevent the chance of flooding on the surface, and also replenish groundwater resources to achieve a green energy
  • the surface pavement of disaster prevention effect can not only effectively prevent the solar panel from soaking water, but also prevent the chance of flooding on the surface, and also replenish groundwater resources to achieve a green energy
  • the surface pavement of disaster prevention effect can not only effectively prevent the solar panel from soaking water, but also prevent the chance of flooding on the surface, and also replenish groundwater resources to achieve a green energy
  • the surface pavement of disaster prevention effect can not only effectively prevent the solar panel from
  • Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional appearance view of the photoelectric module and the permeable unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the photoelectric module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is an exploded schematic diagram of another embodiment of the photoelectric module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the photoelectric module base and the permeable unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the photoelectric module base and the permeable unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of FIG. 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of laying the photoelectric water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of installing a solar panel in the photoelectric module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the completed construction of the photoelectric water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photoelectric water-permeable pavement structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is an exploded schematic diagram of an embodiment of the modularized pavement of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the modularized pavement pre-casting operation of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the modularized pavement of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of on-site laying of the modularized pavement of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the completion of the modular laying construction of the present invention.
  • the photoelectric permeable pavement structure of the present invention is composed of a photoelectric module 10 and a permeable unit 20 arranged below the photoelectric module 10 .
  • the photoelectric module 10 is provided with a base 11, a solar panel 12 and a connecting pipe 13, and the base 11 is arranged and laid on the ground surface, a permeable channel is designed around the base, a frame 111 is provided on the top edge of the base, and the solar panel 12 is installed Inside the frame 111, the base 11 is provided with a fixing part 112 on the bottom surface, which can be positioned above the permeable unit 20.
  • a bare space 113 is provided inside the base 11, and an outward Extended through hole 114, and the through hole 114 can be penetrated and joined by the connecting pipe 13, so that the connecting pipe 13 can be buried under the ground in a state of interconnection with the base 11 on the adjacent side.
  • the bottom surface of the base 11 is further provided with a plurality of anchoring portions 115 for forming a ground anchor structure after the concrete slurry 60 solidifies, so that the base 11 can be more stably laid on the ground surface.
  • the water-permeable channel designed around the base 11, the solar panel 12 provided on the photoelectric module 10, adopts different shapes according to the material of the outer frame 121, when the photoelectric module 10 is fitted with the base 11 Afterwards, form a frame with an appropriate gap and be installed in the step edge of the frame 111 of the base 11.
  • the outer frame 121 is made of plasticized material, directly design the periphery of the frame 121 into a wavy shape, and place it on the edge of the frame 111 of the base 11.
  • Ribs 116 are provided on it, so that when the solar panel 12 is installed on the edge of the frame 111 of the base 11, an appropriate gap can be formed, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the volume of the solar panel 12 is designed to be slightly smaller than the area of the surrounding frame 111 of the base 11, and a spacer 122 is lined at each corner of the outer frame 121 of the solar panel 12 to make the
  • the peripheral edge of the solar panel 12 can form a gap with the surrounding frame 111 of the base 11 to fit each other, as shown in FIG. 2A . In this way, the installation is easy and the rainwater on the ground seeps down into the bare space 113 through the gap formed between the solar panel 12 and the frame 111 of the base 11 .
  • the water-permeable channel designed on the periphery of the base 11 is designed to be integrally formed with a water-permeable hole or a water-permeable gap, or another component is embedded to form a water-permeable hole. or permeable gaps.
  • the solar panel 12 is directly installed inside the surrounding frame 111, and no water-permeable holes or gaps are formed due to the installation of the peripheral edges of the two. This technical means should also be included in the scope of rights of the present invention.
  • the permeable unit 20 is a frame structure composed of a plurality of upright permeable pipes (21, 21a) arranged at intervals, arranged under the photoelectric module 10, and the frame structure is located on two adjacent
  • the water permeable pipe 21 a between the photoelectric modules 10 has a longer pipe body, the top of which is just flush with the ground, and the other permeable pipes 21 are erected under the base 11 of the photoelectric module 10 .
  • the permeable unit 20 is provided with a grid top plate 22 or a cover or a net cover at the upper end of the permeable pipes (21, 21a) to form a blocking effect and avoid blockage during the pouring of the concrete grout 60.
  • the bottom edge of the pipe body is provided with an outwardly expanded connecting rib 23, which is connected to another permeable pipe (21, 21a), and then the permeable pipes (21, 21a) are connected to each other to form a frame structure.
  • Corresponding tenons 24 and slots 25 are provided on the periphery of the connecting ribs 23 on the two outermost adjacent sides, so that another permeable unit 20 can be connected and assembled for laying.
  • the ground preparation is performed on the floor where the photoelectric permeable pavement is to be constructed, and the permeable unit 20 is completely arranged on the same floor as the pavement to be constructed according to the overall pavement planning blueprint.
  • the fixing part 112 protruding from the bottom of the base 11 of the photoelectric module 10 is embedded in the mouth of the top of the permeable pipe 21 corresponding to the permeable unit 20 and positioned so that the base 11 can be laid on the Above the water-permeable unit 20 , there is a bare water-permeable pipe 21 surrounded by the bare space 113 , and the water-permeable pipe 21 a with a longer pipe body in the water-permeable unit 20 is arranged and distributed between adjacent bases 11 .
  • the base 11 of the photoelectric module 10 can pass directly through the fixing piece 112 at the bottom when assembling, that is, it can easily break it into an open position for embedding, and then respectively insert the two ends of the connecting pipe 13 into the through holes 114 of the two adjacent bases 11, so that each base 11 forms a state of mutual communication, and finally apply Concrete slurry 60 is poured to form a permeable pavement. It can also be a permeable pavement directly laid with permeable materials, or a permeable pavement in which permeable holes are formed by drilling holes for various pavements, one of which.
  • the temporarily blocked cover body is removed to avoid blockage during the concrete grouting operation.
  • a frame cover 15 can be used to cover the area between the inner side of the top edge frame 111 of the base 11 of the photoelectric module 10 and the bare space 113 before the grouting operation.
  • another feasible way not shown in the figure is to use adhesive tape or non-woven cloth as a cover to prevent the area of the base 11 for the installation of the solar panel 12 from being covered by the concrete slurry 60, and after the concrete slurry 60 is solidified, the frame Cover 15, tape or woven cloth is removed.
  • the concrete slurry 60 when the concrete slurry 60 is poured, because the upper ports of the exposed permeable pipes (21, 21a) of the permeable unit 20 are all provided with a grid top plate 22, the concrete slurry 60 can be blocked at the nozzle, so , after the concrete slurry is moderately solidified and formed, it is only necessary to use a high-pressure spray gun to use high-pressure air or water jets to spray off the sludge remaining on the grid top plate 22 at the port of each permeable pipe (21, 21a), that is, A water-permeable pavement of concrete structure with many drainage holes 26 formed on the periphery of the base 11 and in the bare space 113 can be constructed, and finally the solar panels 12 are electrically connected to each other by passing through the connecting pipe 13 with wires. In the base 11, to complete the setting of the entire photoelectric water-permeable pavement.
  • the drainage holes 26 formed on the surface between the photoelectric modules 10 and the appropriate gaps formed between the solar panel 12 and the base 11 are used to infiltrate the rainwater into each part of the bare space 113.
  • the drainage holes 26 are used to quickly drain the rainwater to the ground through the permeable pipes (21, 21a), which can not only prevent the occurrence of regional floods in a relatively short period of time, but also replenish groundwater resources. Effective and rapid drainage in a short time and the function of replenishing groundwater.
  • the solar panel 12 arranged by the photoelectric module 10 can be used to convert the energy of sunlight into electrical energy.
  • the photoelectric mold 10 not only can the solar panel 12 achieve a moderate cooling effect, thereby prolonging the service life of the solar panel 12, but also increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency. It can also carry out heat exchange in the environment, avoiding the occurrence of the heat island effect, or slowing down the heat island effect.
  • the solar power generation method not only does not need to use any fuel, has no noise and no air pollution, it is a kind of clean energy that is friendly to the earth, and the generated electricity can also be effectively used nearby.
  • the photoelectric permeable pavement adopts a modular design, and a base 11 with a photoelectric module 10 is provided with through holes 114 on four sides thereof, and each An end cap 14 is embedded outside the through hole 114 to close it.
  • a precast mold 30 After being combined with the equivalent permeable unit 20, put it into a precast mold 30 at the same time, and cover the frame cover 15 on the top of the base 11, or another feasible way not shown in the figure is to use adhesive tape or
  • the non-woven fabric is used as a cover, and then concrete slurry is poured into the mold 30. After the concrete slurry is solidified, the frame cover 15 or the non-woven fabric is removed, and a block module 1 can be pre-cast.
  • the plate module 1 of the photoelectric permeable pavement can be pre-cast in the factory in advance. After the construction site where the photoelectric permeable pavement is to be laid The panel module 1 is transported to the construction site for direct laying, and finally the solar panel 12 is installed, thereby not only simplifying and facilitating the construction process on site, but also shortening the construction time of the entire project to reduce Inconvenience and distress caused to passers-by during construction.
  • the present invention is used to construct a surface pavement with both green energy and disaster prevention benefits, which has the value of industrial utilization, and a patent application is filed according to law.
  • a patent application is filed according to law.
  • the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention; therefore, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the contents of the description shall Still belong to the scope that the patent of the present invention covers.

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Abstract

一种光电型透水铺面构造,由一光电模组以及一布设于该光电模组下方的透水单元所构成。该光电模组排列铺设于地表,设有一底座,底座周缘设计有透水通道,于底座顶面装置有太阳能板,底座底面设有固定件,定位于透水单元上方,该底座于内部设有裸空区,裸空区向外延伸结合有与相邻底座接通的连通管；该透水单元为一透水铺面,设有多个直立状透水管所组成的架体结构,经混凝土浆灌注成的透水铺面,或以透水材料直接铺设成透水铺面,或钻孔洞形成透水孔的透水铺面,进而建构出具有多个排水孔的混凝土结构铺面。借此,即可使该铺面同时兼具排水及蓄能等多重功效。

Description

光电型透水铺面构造 技术领域
本发明是一种光电型透水铺面构造,尤指一种不仅可建构具有太阳能电力系统的绿能铺面外,同时亦兼具有快速排导雨水功效的防灾形铺面。
背景技术
自古以来,土壤因具有集水、保水的功用。但,由于都市不断进步扩张,而在各种人为设施的大量兴建,使得不透水铺面持续增加,造成集水区逐渐丧失原有的保水能力,并导致地表径流量大幅增加,再加上地球暖化造成气候变迁的冲击,使得各都会地区皆面临更大的防洪压力。
因此,为对抗地球暖化减轻环境负荷及其造成的负面冲击,近年来许多地方纷纷提出对应的调适措施及永续发展政策,例如推动海绵城市及能源转型等政策,海绵城市是一种在城市中建设防洪防涝并兼有生态环保功能的新型城市模型,比如兴建透水路面以代替非透水的路面,下雨时吸水、蓄水、渗水、净水,气候干燥炎热时,可释放水气改善热岛效应,防止地球暖化等情况逐渐扩大。而能源转型则为推广再生能源的利用,通过绿能改善能源结构,降低温室气体排放,改善环境质量,并留给后代子孙一个干净的地球。
有鉴于此,本案创作人乃针对上述需求,积极研究、设计组制,并经审慎评估后,终得一确具创新且实用的本发明。
发明内容
本发明主要目的,在于提供一种光电型透水铺面构造,不仅可利用太阳能板将光能转换成电能使用外,亦具有可将地表雨水快速排导至地底,降低地表水灾发生的机会,也可回补地下水源,达到一种兼具有绿能及防灾功效的地表铺面。
为达上述目的,本发明所设的光电型透水铺面构造,由一光电模组以及一透水单元所组成:
该光电模组,铺设于地表,设有一底座,底座周缘设计有透水通道,该底座于顶缘设有围框,围框内部嵌置有太阳能板,该底座于底面设有固定件,供定位于透水单元上方,另于底座内部设有裸空区,裸空区周缘设有通孔,供连通管嵌合并与相邻的底座相互连通；
该透水单元,为一透水铺面,布设于光电模组下方；
借由上述构件组成的铺面构造,不仅经由光电模组将太阳光的能量转换成电能使用,亦能通过透水单元形成的排水孔,将地面雨水经由透水管快速排导至地底。
本发明的功效在于:通过构件所建构出的光电透水地板铺面,于晴天时,利用地表布设的光电模组将太阳光的能量转换成电能使用。若遇降雨时,通过各排水孔将地面雨水快速排导至地底,不仅能有效防止太阳能板上泡水,也同时防止地表发生水灾的机会,亦回补地下水资源,达到一种兼具绿能及防灾功效的地表铺面。
附图说明
图1为本发明光电模组与透水单元立体外观图。
图2为本发明光电模组构造分解示意图。
图2A为本发明光电模组另一实施列分解示意图。
图3为本发明光电模组底座与透水单元构造分解示意图。
图4为本发明光电模组底座与透水单元结合示意图。
图4A为本发明图4的局部放大示意图。
图5为本发明光电透水铺面构造铺设示意图。
图6为本发明光电模组安装太阳能板示意图。
图7为本发明光电透水铺面构造建构完成示意图。
图8为本发明光电透水铺面构造的局部剖面示意图。
图9为本发明模组化铺面实施例分解示意图。
图10为本发明模组化铺面预铸作业示意图。
图11为本发明模组化铺面立体外观图。
图12为本发明模组化铺面现场铺设示意图。
图13为本发明模组化铺设建构完成示意图。
具体实施方式
请参图1至图3,本发明的光电型透水铺面构造,由一光电模组10,以及一布设于该光电模组10下方的透水单元20所组成。
该光电模组10,设有底座11、太阳能板12以及连通管13,而该底座11排列铺设于地表,底座周缘设计有透水通道,底座于顶缘设有围框111,太阳能板12则安装在该围框111内部,且该底座11于底面设有固定件112,可供定位于透水单元20上方,另于底座11内部设有裸空区113,于裸空区113周缘设有向外延伸的通孔114,而该通孔114可供连通管13穿置接合,使连通管13能与邻侧的底座11间形成相互连通状态的埋设于地表下。
若底座11的邻侧无另一相邻的底座11可连通时,该侧的通孔114处则嵌固一端盖14将其封闭。本发明该底座11底面更设有多个锚定部115,供混凝土浆60固化后形成地锚结构,使该底座11更加稳固铺设于地表上。
请参图2、图2A,底座11周缘所设计的透水通道,该光电模组10所设的太阳能板12,依据外框121材质采用不同形状的设计,当光电模组10与底座11嵌合后,形成具有适当间隙的安装在该底座11的围框111阶级缘内,若该外框121为塑化材质,直接将外框121周缘设计成一波浪状,于底座11的围框111阶级缘上设有凸肋116,借以使太阳能板12安装在底座11的围框111阶级缘时,能形成适当的间隙,如图2。若太阳能板12的外框121为金属材质,太阳能板12材积设计成略小于底座11围框其围框111面积,再于太阳能板12外框121各角隅衬设一垫块122,使该太阳能板12周缘能与底座11的围框111形成有间隙的相互嵌合,如图2A。借此,达到容易安装又使地表上的雨水,通过太阳能板12与底座11围框111间所形成的间隙下渗至裸空区113内。
于图式未示出的另一种实施方式,该底座11周缘设计的透水通道,为将底座11周缘设计呈一体成形制造设有透水孔或透水间隙,或是另外嵌设构件而形成透水孔或透水间隙。如此太阳能板12则直接安装在该围框111内部,不因为两者周缘由安装而形成出透水孔或透水间隙,此技术手段方式也应包含在本发明权利范围中。
该透水单元20,为由多个呈间隔排列的直立状透水管(21、21a)所搭组成的架体结构,布设于光电模组10下方,且该架体结构位于排列在二相邻的光电模组10间的透水管21a则具有较长的管身,其顶端恰可与地表平齐,而其余透水管21则架设于光电模组10的底座11下方处。该透水单元20于透水管(21、21a)上端管口处分别设有格栅顶板22或加设为盖体或网盖体,形成阻拦作用,避免于施灌混凝土浆60作业时造成堵塞,而管体底缘设有一外扩的连结肋23,连结至另一透水管(21、21a),进而使各透水管(21、21a)相互连接形成一架体结构,另于该架体结构最外侧的二相邻边上的连结肋23外围,设有相对应的凸榫24与嵌槽25,借以供另一透水单元20连结搭组而铺设。
请参图3至图8,本发明实施时,先于欲建构该光电型透水铺面地坪处上施行整地,并依据整体铺面规划蓝图,将透水单元20完整的布设在与欲建构的铺面相同面积的施工区域上,接着再将光电模组10底座11下方凸伸的固定件112,嵌接于透水单元20所对应的透水管21顶部的管口处定位,令底座11能够稳固的铺设于透水单元20上方,并于裸空区113内框围有裸露的透水管21,而透水单元20中具有较长管身的透水管21a则排列的分布在相邻的底座11之间。再者,由于该透水管21管口处所设的格栅顶板22为呈薄页状型态设计,因此该光电模组10的底座11在组装时,可直接通过底部的固定件112,即能轻易将其突破成为开放状的供嵌固定位,之后再将连通管13两端分别嵌接于二相邻底座11的通孔114中,使各底座11间形成相互连通的状态,最后再施以混凝土浆60灌注作业,形成透水铺面。也可以是以透水材料直接铺设成透水铺面,或各种铺面采用钻孔洞形成透水孔的透水铺面,其中的一种。
而灌注作业后再予拔除暂时塞住的盖体,避免于施灌混凝土浆作业时造成堵塞。
此外,为了使混凝土浆60灌注作业更加方便,可再于光电模组10的底座11顶缘围框111内侧至裸空区113之间,于灌浆作业前先由一框盖15将其遮蔽,或是于图中未视出的另一种可行方式为以胶带或不织布做遮蔽,以避免底座11供太阳能板12安装的区域受混凝土浆60覆盖,并待混凝土浆60凝固后再将该框盖15、胶带或不织布移除。另外,当在施以混凝土浆60灌注作业时,因该透水单元20各裸露的透水管(21、21a)上端口皆设有格栅顶板22,可将混凝土浆60阻拦于管口处,因此,待混凝土浆适度的凝固成型后,仅需使用高压喷枪利用喷出的高压空气或是水柱,将残留在各透水管(21、21a)端口的格栅顶板22上面的泥渣喷除,即可建构出一于底座11周缘及裸空区113内形成有许多排水孔26的混凝土结构的透水铺面,最后再将太阳能板12利用连通管13穿设电线而呈电性相接的装置于各底座11内,以完成整个光电透水铺面的设置。
当雨季来临地表瞬间降下大雨时,利用地表于光电模组10间所形成的各排水孔26,以及太阳能板12与底座11间所形成的适当间隙,将雨水下渗至裸空区113内各排水孔26,再经由透水管(21、21a)使雨水快速排导至地底,不仅可达到较短时间具有防范区域水灾发生的机率,亦可回补地下水资源,如此即可获得使地面上一短时间有效快速排水并可补充地下水的功能。
若天气晴朗时,则可利用该光电模组10布设的太阳能板12,将太阳光的能量转换成电能使用,同时当地面上高温炎热时,因地底含有较高含水度,因此可转化为水蒸气而向外释出水蒸气,对光电模具10而言,不仅能使太阳能板12达到适度的降温效果,进而可延长太阳能板12的使用寿命,同时亦可增加光电转换效率,而对整体环境而言亦可进行环境中的热交换,避免热岛效应的发生,或减缓热岛效应。再者通过此太阳能方式发电,不仅无需使用任何燃料、无噪音且无空气污染,是一种对地球友善的洁净能源,且所产生的电力亦可就近有效的利用。
请参图9至图11,为本发明另一实施例,将该光电透水铺面采以模组化设计,由一设有光电模组10的底座11于其中四边侧设置通孔114,于各通孔114外侧处另外嵌固一端盖14将其封闭。并与对等透水单元20加以组合后,同时置入一预铸模具30中,并于底座11顶部盖上框盖15,或是于图中未视出的另一种可行方式为以胶带或不织布做遮蔽,再以混凝土浆灌注于模具30,待混凝土浆凝固后再将该框盖15或是不织布做移除,即可预铸成一板块模组1。
请参图12、图13,实施时,可将该光电透水铺面的板块模组1事先于工厂预铸完成,待欲铺设光电透水铺面的施工现场地坪整地完成后,再将预铸好的板块模组1运至施工现场直接铺设,最后再装上太阳能板12,借此,不仅可使现场的施作流程可为简化且方便,同时亦可缩短整个工程的施作时程,以降低施工时对用路人所造成的不便与困扰。
由上可知,具有如下实用优点:
1、通过可再生、永续、干净的绿能发电改善能源结构,降低温室气体排放,减少空污并提升环境质量。
2、可减少地表径流量,降低水灾发生的机会,同时亦可回收雨水及回补地下水资源,不仅达到基地保水目的,更可释放出水气与地表温度进行热交换作用,借以调节环境中整体的温度及湿度,能有效的降低热岛效应,或避免热岛效应的产生,打造一种更有效率的海绵城市生态环境。
综上所述,本发明借以建构一同时兼具绿能及防灾效益的地表铺面,具有产业上利用的价值,依法提出专利申请。以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围；故,凡依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所作的简单的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种光电型透水铺面构造,由一光电模组以及一透水单元所组成,其特征在于:
    该光电模组,铺设于地表,设有一底座,底座周缘设计有透水通道,该底座于顶缘设有围框,围框内部嵌置有太阳能板,该底座于底面设有固定件,定位于透水单元上方,于底座内部设有裸空区,裸空区周缘设有通孔,供连通管嵌合并与相邻的底座相互连通；
    该透水单元,为一透水铺面,布设于光电模组下方；
    借由上述构件组成的铺面构造,不仅经由光电模组将太阳光的能量转换成电能使用,亦能通过透水单元形成的排水孔,将地面雨水经由透水管快速排导至地底。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该透水单元架体结构排列于二相邻的光电模组间的透水管具有较长的管身,顶端与地表平齐的组设。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:底座周缘设计的透水通道,为光电模组的太阳能板利用波浪状的周缘设计,置于底座的围框内部,另于围框底部设有凸肋,借以使太阳能板与底座间形成有间隙供雨水下渗。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:底座周缘设计的透水通道,为光电模组的太阳能板利用于各角隅衬设一垫块而嵌置于底座的围框内部,另于围框底部设有凸肋,借以使太阳能板与底座间形成有间隙供雨水下渗。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:底座周缘设计的透水通道,为将底座周缘设计呈一体成形制造设有透水孔或透水间隙,或是另外嵌设构件而形成透水孔或透水间隙。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该光电模组的底座于底面更设有锚定部,能与混凝土结构稳定结合。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该透水单元为设有多个直立状透水管所组成的架体结构,并布设于光电模组下方,经混凝土浆灌注以建构出具有多个排水孔的混凝土结构铺面。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该透水单元为以透水材料直接铺设成透水铺面,或各种铺面采钻孔洞形成透水孔的透水铺面,其中的一种。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该光电模组的底座在围框的内侧与裸空区之间,设有不织布将其遮蔽。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该透水单元于各透水管上端管口处分别设有格栅顶板,而管体底缘设有一外扩的连结肋,并连结至另一透水管,进而使各 透水管相互连接形成一架体结构。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该透水单元于最外侧的二相邻边上的连结肋外围,分别设有相对应的凸榫与嵌槽,供另一透水单元连结铺设。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的光电型透水铺面构造,其特征在于:该光电模组的底座与透水单元采对等加以组设后,再利用模具以混凝土浆预铸成一板块模组供铺设。
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