Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
  • B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
  • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
  • B01D53/0438—Cooling or heating systems
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
  • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
  • B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
  • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
  • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
  • B01D2258/0208—Other waste gases from fuel cells
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
  • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
  • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
  • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
  • B01D2259/40043—Purging
  • B01D2259/4005—Nature of purge gas
  • B01D2259/40056—Gases other than recycled product or process gas
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
  • B01D2259/65—Employing advanced heat integration, e.g. Pinch technology

Definitions

• the invention is based on a supply system for an electrical consumer device, with at least one cooling unit for cooling the consumer device, with at least one filter unit for separating carbon dioxide from a gas mixture and with at least one power generator unit for providing electrical energy for the electrical consumer device, the filter unit and/or the cooling unit.
• the supply system comprises at least one fluid mixing unit arranged upstream of the filter unit, which is connected to an exhaust gas outlet of the power generator unit and/or to a coolant outlet of the cooling unit in order to set an inlet temperature of a fluid when it enters the filter unit.
• the filter unit is preferably provided for the purpose of removing at least part of, preferably all of, particularly preferably more than one of the amount of carbon dioxide produced by operation of the consumption device and/or the supply system from the gas mixture to filter.
• the filter unit can be provided in particular to directly filter an exhaust gas from the supply system and/or the consumer device contained in the gas mixture and/or to filter an external gas mixture contained in the gas mixture, in particular ambient air, in particular to remove the air from the supply system and/or to compensate or overcompensate for the amount of carbon dioxide generated by the consumer device at least partially, preferably completely.
• the gas mixture contains ambient air, in particular more than 30%, preferably more than 50%, particularly preferably more than 75% by volume.
• the gas mixture comprises an exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide from the supply system and/or the consumption device.
• the gas mixture contains the exhaust gas of the power generator unit, in particular more than 30%, preferably more than 50%, particularly preferably more than 75% by volume.
• the filter unit preferably comprises an amine-based filter for filtering the carbon dioxide from the gas mixture.
• the filter unit is provided to filter carbon monoxide from the gas mixture, in particular in addition to the carbon dioxide.
• the filter unit comprises an adsorption mode of operation for adsorbing carbon dioxide from the gas mixture and a desorption mode of operation for desorbing the previously adsorbed carbon dioxide.
• the filter unit has a higher operating temperature and/or a lower operating pressure in the desorption mode than in the adsorption mode.
• the fluid entering the filter unit is intended in particular to bring the filter unit to the operating temperature of the desorption operating state and/or to keep it.
• the fluid can, in particular within the filter unit, be added to the gas mixture to be filtered, used as the gas mixture to be filtered or kept fluidically separate from the gas mixture to be filtered.
• the fluid is intended in particular to heat an adsorption surface of the filter in the desorption operating state.
• the operating temperature of the desorption operating mode is preferably at least 75°C, preferably more than 85°C, particularly preferably more than 95°C.
• the operating temperature of the desorption mode is less than 135°C, preferably less than 125°C, more preferably less than 115°C.
• the inlet temperature of the fluid is the same as or higher than the operating temperature of the desorption operating state, in particular depending on a specific design of the filter unit and in particular any heat losses.
• the fluid mixing unit is intended in particular to mix an exhaust gas from the power generator unit and a coolant used by the cooling unit in order to adjust the inlet temperature of the fluid.
• the power generator unit is intended to convert a fuel, for example hydrogen, ammonia, methane, natural gas and/or one or more other hydrocarbons, and oxygen into the exhaust gas.
• the exhaust gas of the power generator unit has an exhaust gas temperature of more than 50°C, preferably more than 100°C, particularly preferably more than 150°C, in particular more than 200°C, when exiting the power generator unit.
• the power generator unit comprises, for example, at least one high-temperature fuel cell, in particular one or more stacks of high-temperature fuel cells.
• the at least one high-temperature fuel cell is designed, for example, as a solid oxide fuel cell or as a molten carbonate fuel cell.
• the power generator unit comprises at least one phosphoric acid fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell, a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, a low-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and/or an alkaline fuel cell.
• the power generator unit comprises an engine, for example a gas engine, a hydrogen engine and/or an ammonia engine.
• the power generator unit includes a generator connected to the engine to provide the electrical energy.
• the cooling unit preferably comprises at least one coolant line which opens into the coolant outlet and which guides the coolant through the consumption device.
• the coolant emerges at the coolant outlet when the consumer device is operated in a state that has been heated by the consumer device.
• the cooling unit preferably comprises at least one coolant conveying element, in particular a pump, a fan and/or a compressor for conveying the coolant through the consumer device.
• the cooling unit can be integrated in the consumption device or can be designed independently.
• the coolant line can be an independent component, such as a tube, a hose or the like, or can be formed at least in sections by a housing of the consumption device.
• the cooling unit includes a chiller to cool the coolant before it is fed to the consumer device.
• the coolant is particularly preferably ambient air, alternatively an, in particular inert, industrial gas or water.
• the fluid mixing unit is provided in particular to supply the filter unit with the fluid in at least one operating state of the filter unit.
• the fluid mixing unit is arranged upstream of the filter unit in relation to an intended flow direction of the fluid from the fluid mixing unit, in particular from the power generator unit and/or from the cooling unit, to the filter unit.
• the fluid mixing unit preferably comprises at least one fluid line which is connected to the filter unit in order to supply the fluid to the filter unit.
• the fluid mixing unit includes in particular an exhaust gas supply, which is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the power generator unit and is fluidically connected to the fluid line.
• the fluid line is preferably an extension of the exhaust gas supply. Alternatively, the exhaust gas supply opens into the fluid line.
• the exhaust gas supply is connected as an inlet and the fluid line is connected as an outlet to a collection container of the fluid mixing unit.
• the fluid mixing unit preferably comprises a coolant supply, which is connected to the coolant outlet of the cooling unit and is fluidically connected to the fluid line.
• the coolant supply preferably opens into the fluid line.
• the fluid line is an extension of the coolant supply.
• the coolant supply is connected as an inlet and the fluid line is connected as an outlet to a collection container, in particular to the collection container already mentioned, of the fluid mixing unit.
• the fluid mixing unit in the exhaust gas supply preferably includes an exhaust gas adjusting element, in particular a valve or a throttle, for adjusting a volume flow of the exhaust gas through the fluid line.
• the fluid mixing unit in the coolant supply preferably includes at least one coolant adjusting element, in particular a valve or a throttle, for setting a volume flow of the coolant through the fluid line.
• the fluid mixing unit comprises a mixing valve, at the inlets of which the coolant supply and the exhaust gas supply are arranged and at the outlet of which the fluid line is arranged.
• a carbon dioxide balance of an operation of the consumer device can be kept at an advantageously low value and/or carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be reduced.
• waste heat from the power generator unit and/or the consumer device can advantageously be used effectively to operate the filter unit.
• the consumer device can advantageously be operated in an energy-efficient manner with the supply system.
• the consumption device can advantageously be operated with the supply system in an environmentally friendly and/or climate-friendly manner.
• the fluid mixing unit comprises at least one coolant distributor in order to adjust a quantity of a coolant used by the cooling unit to be fed into the fluid.
• the coolant distributor is preferably arranged fluidically between the coolant outlet of the cooling unit and the coolant supply of the fluid mixing unit.
• the coolant distributor is designed in particular as a 3-way valve.
• the coolant outlet of the cooling unit is preferably connected to an inlet of the coolant distributor and the coolant supply to an outlet of the coolant distributor.
• a further outlet of the coolant distributor is preferably connected to a discharge line of the fluid mixing unit, which is provided for discharging at least part of the coolant, in particular to the environment.
• the coolant distributor as a 3-way valve, this is in particular identical to the above-mentioned coolant control element.
• the coolant distributor includes a pressure relief valve, which is arranged in the discharge line of the fluid mixing unit.
• the coolant manifold includes a check valve to prevent coolant from flowing back into the consumer device.
• the fluid mixing unit comprises at least one fluid control element in order to adjust the flow of the fluid through the filter unit as a function of different operating states of the filter unit.
• the fluid control element has a different configuration in each case, in particular in the adsorption operating state and in the desorption operating state.
• the fluid control element preferably connects the fluid mixing unit to the filter of the filter unit.
• the fluid control element preferably interrupts a fluidic connection between the fluid mixing unit and the filter of the filter unit.
• the fluid control element is designed as a multi-way valve.
• the fluid control element is preferably arranged in the fluid line.
• the fluid control element is arranged in the exhaust gas supply.
• the filter unit optionally comprises at least two filters, one of which is alternately in the adsorption operating state and one in the desorption operating state.
• the fluid control element connects the fluid mixing unit to that filter which is in the desorption operating state. Due to the configuration according to the invention, the filter unit can advantageously be operated efficiently. In particular, a heat coupling or a heat decoupling between the filter unit and the fluid can advantageously be implemented easily.
• the fluid mixing unit comprises at least one bypass line which fluidically connects the exhaust gas outlet of the power generator unit, bypassing a refrigeration machine of the cooling unit, in particular the one already mentioned, to the filter unit.
• the refrigeration machine can be designed, for example, as a compression refrigeration machine or as a sorption refrigeration machine.
• the bypass line is preferably provided to prevent heat exchange between the exhaust gas of the power generator unit and a refrigerant of the refrigerating machine, in particular during a desorption operating state of the filter unit.
• the bypass line preferably opens into the exhaust gas feed of the fluid mixing unit or the bypass line is identical to the exhaust gas feed.
• the fluid mixing unit comprises at least one feed element which fluidically connects the exhaust gas outlet of the power generator unit and/or the coolant outlet to a filter inlet of the filter unit for the gas mixture to be filtered.
• the feed element can be arranged inside the filter unit or outside the filter unit, in particular inside the fluid line or inside the exhaust gas supply.
• the feed element is designed as a valve, as a nozzle or the like.
• the configuration according to the invention allows the exhaust gas to be added to the gas mixture, in particular while the filter unit is in the adsorption operating state.
• an advantageously high proportion of carbon dioxide in the gas mixture to be filtered can be achieved.
• the filter unit can filter an advantageously large amount of carbon dioxide from the gas mixture in terms of time and/or energy costs.
• the fluid mixing unit is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the power generator unit via an exhaust gas line of the power generator unit, which runs through a refrigerating machine of the cooling unit.
• the exhaust gas line is preferably connected to a heat exchanger of the refrigeration machine or forms this, in particular for heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the refrigerant of the refrigeration machine, in particular during the adsorption operating state of the filter unit.
• the exhaust gas line running through the refrigerating machine opens into the exhaust gas supply line.
• the exhaust pipe releases the exhaust gas to the environment.
• the fluid mixing unit preferably includes an exhaust gas distributor for dividing the exhaust gas into the exhaust gas line and the bypass line.
• the exhaust gas distributor comprises the fluid control element already mentioned or, in particular in addition to the fluid control element, a further fluid control element.
• the exhaust manifold includes a 3-way valve.
• an input of the exhaust gas distributor is connected to the exhaust gas outlet
• an outlet of the exhaust gas distributor is connected to the exhaust gas line
• a further outlet of the exhaust gas distributor is connected to the bypass line.
• the exhaust gas distributor comprises at least two individual valves, in particular two check valves, or two throttles or a combination thereof, one of which is arranged in the exhaust gas duct and one in the bypass line. Due to the inventive staltung, the exhaust gas added to the gas mixture can advantageously be pre-cooled and added to the gas mixture. In particular, few further measures advantageously have to be taken to cool the gas mixture before it hits the filter and/or to cool the filter.
• the supply system has at least one switchover unit, which fluidly connects the cooling unit selectively to one of at least two different heat reservoirs in order to set the inlet temperature of the fluid.
• the switching unit is preferably connected to a discharge heat exchanger of the cooling unit, which is provided for heat transfer from the refrigerant of the cooling unit to the heat reservoir.
• the switchover unit includes at least one heat reservoir control element, in particular a 3-way valve, in a feed line of the output heat exchanger.
• the switchover unit preferably includes at least one additional heat reservoir control element, in particular a 3-way valve, in a return of the output heat exchanger.
• the switching unit preferably connects the return flow and the flow flow of the output heat exchanger to one of the heat reservoirs.
• the switchover unit preferably connects the return and the forward flow of the output heat exchanger to at least one other of the heat reservoirs, which in particular is different from the heat reservoir.
• the heat reservoir control element and the further heat reservoir control element are coupled mechanically and/or electronically, in particular so that when one of the heat reservoir control elements is adjusted, the other heat reservoir control element is automatically adjusted.
• the heat reservoirs are designed, for example, as ambient air, as ambient water, as an external cooling water circuit or the like. Efficient operation of the refrigerating machine over an advantageously long period of time can be achieved by the configuration according to the invention.
• one of the heat reservoirs is the filter unit.
• the switchover unit connects the return and the flow of the discharge heat exchanger to the filter unit.
• the switching unit is intended to transfer heat from the cooling unit to the filter unit, in particular during the desorption operating status of the filter unit. Due to the configuration according to the invention, the filter unit can advantageously be operated continuously. In particular, the filter unit can maintain the desorption operating state, even while the refrigerating machine cools the consumer device and, in particular, extracts heat from the exhaust gas upstream.
• the filter unit preferably sucks the gas mixture into the filter.
• the gas mixture is externally subjected to a pressure which conveys the gas mixture through the filter unit. If ambient air is used as the gas mixture, this is preferably conveyed through the filter unit without temperature control, in particular at ambient temperature.
• the gas mixture contains exhaust gas from the power generator unit and/or the consumption device, it is preferably cooled by a heat exchanger of the filter unit, in particular to less than 50°C, preferably to less than 40°C, particularly preferably to less than 35°C.
• the heat exchanger of the filter unit is connected to an external cooling water circuit, for example.
• the fluid for example from the fluid control element and/or the exhaust gas distributor, is preferably not routed through the filter unit or thermally decoupled from the filter within the filter unit.
• the filter unit preferably closes the filter in an airtight manner and sucks off the gas located in the filter, in particular with a vacuum pump of the filter unit.
• the fluid for example from the fluid control element and/or the exhaust gas distributor, is preferably conducted through the filter unit and, in particular, thermally coupled to the filter within the filter unit.
• the supply system preferably includes at least one temperature sensor in order to measure the inlet temperature of the fluid into the filter unit or the operating temperature of the filter.
• the temperature sensor can be arranged within the filter unit or within the fluid line.
• the supply system preferably includes at least one control or regulation unit, which sets or regulates the inlet temperature of the fluid, in particular as a function of a measured value from the temperature sensor.
• the control unit provides this Coolant control element, the exhaust gas control element, the fluid control element and / or the switching unit.
• the fluid mixing unit mixes the relatively hot exhaust gas and the relatively cool coolant to achieve the inlet temperature of the fluid.
• the cooling unit pre-cools the exhaust gas before it is fed to the fluid mixing unit.
• the filter unit with at least two filters, which are operated alternately in the adsorption operating state and the desorption operating state, heat is transferred from the exhaust gas to that filter which is in the desorption operating state, before it is fed to that filter which is in is in adsorption mode.
• a carbon dioxide balance of an operation of the consumption device can be kept at an advantageously low value and/or carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be reduced.
• waste heat from the power generator unit and/or the consumer device can advantageously be used effectively to operate the filter unit.
• the consumer device can advantageously be operated in an energy-efficient manner with the supply system.
• the consumption device can advantageously be operated with the supply system in an environmentally friendly and/or climate-friendly manner.
• the supply system according to the invention and/or the method according to the invention should/should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above.
• the supply system according to the invention and/or the method according to the invention can have a number of individual elements, components and units as well as method steps that differs from a number specified here in order to fulfill a functionality described herein.
• values lying within the specified limits should also be considered disclosed and can be used as desired.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a supply system according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a further embodiment of a supply system according to the invention with a refrigerating machine
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic flow chart of an alternative embodiment of a supply system according to the invention, in which an exhaust gas of the supply system is filtered
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic flow chart of a further alternative embodiment of a supply system according to the invention with a switching unit and
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic flow chart of a refrigeration machine of the further alternative embodiment.
• FIG. 1 shows a supply system 10a for an electrical consumer device 12a.
• the consumption device 12a is designed, for example, as a server rack, in particular as a multiplicity of server racks of a data center.
• the supply system 10a includes at least one cooling unit 14a for cooling the consumption device 12a.
• the cooling unit 14a is designed here, for example, as an air cooling system, which is intended to ambient air as a coolant to cool the consumption device 12a.
• the cooling unit 14a is integrated into the consumption device 12a.
• the cooling unit 14a includes a coolant outlet 28a. The coolant is discharged at the coolant outlet 28a, in particular after heat has been transferred from the consumption device 12a to the coolant from the cooling unit 14a.
• the cooling unit 14a is preferably designed in such a way that the coolant is heated to less than 40° C. by the consumption device 12a.
• the supply system 10a comprises at least one filter unit 16a for separating carbon dioxide CO2 from a gas mixture 18a, in particular from the ambient air.
• the filter unit 16a preferably comprises at least one filter for filtering the gas mixture 18a.
• the filter unit 16a preferably comprises at least one further filter for filtering the gas mixture 18a.
• the filter unit 16a includes in particular a carbon dioxide outlet 52a for bottling and/or forwarding the filtered carbon dioxide CO2.
• the filter unit 16a preferably includes a gas outlet 54a for discharging the filtered gas mixture 18a, in particular to the environment.
• the filter unit 16a comprises at least one liquid outlet 56a for filling, forwarding or draining off liquid condensed from the fluid during the filtering, in particular distilled water.
• the supply system 10a comprises at least one power generator unit 20a for providing electrical energy 22a for the electrical consumer device 12a, the filter unit 16a and/or the cooling unit 14a.
• the power generator unit 20a preferably includes at least one high-temperature fuel cell, in particular at least one solid oxide fuel cell.
• the power generator unit 20a preferably includes a fuel supply 58a for supplying a hydrogen-containing and/or hydrocarbon-containing fuel to the power generator unit 20a.
• the power generator unit 20a includes at least one oxygen supply 60a for supplying an oxygen-containing gas.
• the power generator unit 20a is provided in particular to convert the fuel and the oxygen into an exhaust gas in order to provide the electrical energy 22a.
• the power generator unit 20a comprises in particular an exhaust gas outlet 26a for discharging the exhaust gas.
• the supply system 10a comprises at least one fluid mixing unit 24a arranged upstream of the filter unit 16a.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a preferably includes at least one exhaust gas supply 62a for guiding the exhaust gas of the power generator unit 20a.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a is connected, in particular with the exhaust gas supply 62a, to the exhaust gas outlet 26a of the power generator unit 20a.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a is connected to a coolant outlet 28a of the cooling unit 14a.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a is provided to set an inlet temperature of a fluid when it enters the filter unit 16a.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a includes in particular at least one coolant supply 64a to guide the coolant of the cooling unit 14a.
• the coolant supply 64a opens in particular into the exhaust gas supply 62a.
• the coolant supply 64a and the exhaust gas supply 62a combine to form a fluid line 66a of the fluid mixing unit 24a.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a mixes the coolant and the exhaust gas together into the fluid downstream of a point at which the coolant supply 64a opens into the exhaust gas supply 62a, i.e. in the fluid line 66a.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a includes swirl plates or the like within the fluid line 66a to promote swirling of the coolant and the exhaust gas.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a comprises at least one coolant distributor 30a in order to adjust an amount of the coolant used by the cooling unit 14a to be fed into the fluid.
• the coolant distributor 30a is shown as a 3-way valve, for example.
• An input of the coolant distributor 30a is connected in particular to the coolant outlet 28a.
• An outlet of the coolant distributor 30a is preferably connected to the coolant supply 64a.
• Another outlet of the coolant distributor 30a is connected to a discharge line 68a, which discharges the coolant, in particular to the environment.
• a control or regulation unit of the supply system 10a or alternatively an installer, adjusts the coolant manifold 30a in order to adjust or regulate the inlet temperature of the fluid via the amount of coolant in the fluid.
• a (pre-)setting of the coolant distributor 30a takes place, for example, as a function of a calorimetric balancing.
• In particular- re is a temperature and/or a volume flow of the exhaust gas specified by a stable operating point of the power generator unit 20a.
• the inlet temperature of the fluid is preferably between 80°C and 130°C.
• the fluid is preferably provided for an, in particular alternating, heat transfer to the filter or the further filter of the filter unit.
• the fluid mixing unit 24a comprises at least one fluid control element 32a in order to adjust the flow of the fluid through the filter unit 16a as a function of different operating states of the filter unit 16a.
• the filter and/or the further filter has/has in particular an adsorption operating mode for filtering the carbon dioxide CO2 from the gas mixture 18a.
• the filter and/or the further filter has/has in particular a desorption operating state for desorption of the filtered carbon dioxide CO2 from the filter and for forwarding of the carbon dioxide CO2 to the carbon dioxide outlet 52a.
• the filter and the further filter are preferably operated alternately in the adsorption operating mode and the desorption operating mode in order to achieve continuous filtering of the carbon dioxide CO2 from the gas mixture 18a.
• the fluid control element 32a is provided in particular to supply heat to that filter which is in the desorption operating state by deflecting the fluid.
• the fluid is intended to heat the filter or the additional filter in their respective desorption operating state, in particular to an operating temperature between 80°C and 130°C.
• the filter and the further filter are preferably cooled to an ambient temperature, in particular below 45° C., in their respective adsorption operating state, in particular by the gas mixture 18a.
• FIG. 2 shows a method 48a for operating the supply system 10a.
• Process 48a preferably includes an adsorption phase 70a and a desorption phase 72a.
• the filter is switched to the adsorption mode of operation.
• the filter unit 16a in particular causes the carbon dioxide CO2 from the gas mixture 18a to be adsorbed 80a on the filter.
• the adsorption phase 70a includes, in particular, a filter opening step 74a, in which the filter is opened so that the gas mixture 18a can flow through and/or flow around it.
• the Adsorption phase 70a preferably includes a heat decoupling step 76a, in which heat transfer from the fluid to the filter located in the adsorption phase 70a is interrupted.
• the heat decoupling step 76a is achieved by deflecting the fluid, in particular into the further filter, by means of the fluid control element 32a.
• the adsorption phase 70a preferably includes a cooling step 78a, in which the filter is cooled, in particular by the gas mixture 18a.
• the filter unit 16a includes active cooling, for example by means of water cooling, a Peltier element or the like.
• the filter is cooled to an operating temperature below 45°C.
• the further filter preferably runs through the desorption phase 72a, while the filter is in the adsorption phase 70a. In particular, after a fixed time, the filter changes from the adsorption phase 70a to the desorption phase 72a.
• the filter is switched to the desorption operating state.
• the filter unit 16a carries out in particular a desorption 88a of the filtered carbon dioxide CO2 from the filter.
• the desorption phase 72a includes, in particular, a filter closing step 82a, in which the filter is closed in an airtight manner.
• the desorption phase 72a preferably includes a thermal coupling step 84a in which the fluid is thermally coupled to the filter, in particular for heat transfer from the fluid to the filter.
• the thermal coupling step 84a is achieved in particular by deflecting the fluid, in particular from the further filter, by means of the fluid control element 32a.
• the desorption phase 72a preferably includes a heating step 86a, in which the filter is preferably heated to an operating temperature between 80° C. and 130° C. by means of thermal coupling to the fluid.
• the filter unit 16a preferably pumps off the gas mixture 18a remaining in the filter during the desorbing 88a, in particular in order to generate a negative pressure or vacuum in the filter.
• the carbon dioxide CO2 pumped out during the desorbing 88a is preferably filled into gas cylinders, for example, via the carbon dioxide outlet 52a, or transferred to an external disposal line.
• the further filter preferably runs through the adsorption phase 70a, while the filter is in the desorption phase 72a.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 Further exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in FIGS.
• the following descriptions and the drawings are essentially limited to the differences between the exemplary embodiments, whereby with regard to components with the same designation, in particular with regard to components with the same reference numbers, the drawings and/or the description of the other exemplary embodiments, in particular Figures 1 and 2, can be referenced.
• the letter a follows the reference number of the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3 to 7, the letter a has been replaced by the letters b to d.
• FIG. 3 shows a supply system 10b for an electrical consumer device 12b.
• the supply system 10b comprises at least one cooling unit 14b for cooling the consumption device 12b.
• the supply system 10b comprises at least one filter unit 16b for separating carbon dioxide CO2 from a gas mixture 18b, in particular ambient air.
• the supply system 10b comprises at least one power generator unit 20b for providing electrical energy 22b for the electrical consumer device 12b, the filter unit 16b and/or the cooling unit 14b.
• the supply system 10b comprises at least one fluid mixing unit 24b arranged upstream of the filter unit 16b.
• the fluid mixing unit 24b is connected to an exhaust outlet 26b of the power generator unit 20b.
• the fluid mixing unit 24b is connected to a coolant outlet 28b of the cooling unit 14b.
• the fluid mixing unit 24b is provided for setting an inlet temperature of a fluid when it enters the filter unit 16b.
• the cooling unit 14b includes a refrigerator 36b.
• the cooling unit 14b includes in particular a closed cooling circuit 90b for cooling the consumption device 12b.
• the cooling circuit 90b is preferably cooled by the cooling machine 36b.
• the chiller 36b transfers heat from the refrigeration circuit 90b to a heat reservoir circuit 92b.
• the heat reservoir circuit 92b is in particular fluidically connected to an external heat reservoir 44b, for example ambient air.
• the fluid mixing unit 24b comprises at least one bypass line 34b.
• the bypass line 34b fluidically connects the exhaust gas outlet 26b of the power generator unit 20b, bypassing the refrigerating machine 36b of the cooling unit 14b, to the filter unit 16b.
• the bypass line 34b merges into an exhaust gas supply 62b of the fluid mixing unit 24b.
• the fluid mixing unit 24b includes in particular a fluid control element 32b, for example a 3-way valve, which is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 26b.
• the fluid control element 32b divides an exhaust gas from the power generator unit 20b in particular to the bypass line 34b and an exhaust gas line 38b of the power generator unit 20b. In a desorption operating state of the filter unit 16b, the fluid control element 32b preferably directs the exhaust gas from the power generator unit 20b into the bypass line 34b.
• the fluid control element 32b preferably directs the exhaust gas from the power generator unit 20b into the exhaust gas line 38b.
• the exhaust gas line 38b preferably directs the exhaust gas to an exhaust gas outlet 94b, which, for example, releases the exhaust gas to the environment.
• the filter unit 16b in particular all filters of the filter unit 16b are, in particular in the adsorption operating state, while the refrigerating machine 36b is active, i.e. cooling the consumer device 12b, for example during the day.
• the filter unit 16b in particular all filters of the filter unit 16b are, in particular in the desorption operating state, while the refrigeration machine 36b is inactive, for example when cooling of the consumption device 12b with ambient air is sufficient, in particular at night.
• the refrigeration machine 36b is designed here, for example, as a sorption refrigeration machine.
• the exhaust pipe 38b leads through the refrigerating machine 36b in order to use a residual heat contained in the exhaust gas for a thermal drive of the refrigerating machine 36b.
• the cooling unit 14b includes a compression refrigerating machine.
• FIG. 4 shows the chiller 36b.
• the refrigeration machine 36b has in particular a refrigerant branch with a condenser 96b, an expansion element 98b, in particular an expansion valve, and an evaporator 100b.
• the refrigeration machine 36b preferably has a solution circuit with an absorber 102b, a solution pump 104b, an expeller 106b and a further expansion element 108b.
• the solution pump 104b delivers in particular Refrigerant of the refrigerator 36b through the expeller 106b, the refrigerant branch and the absorber 102b.
• the solution pump 104b circulates a solvent of the refrigeration machine 36b within the solution circuit.
• the chiller 36b includes one or more internal heat exchangers, not shown here, for transferring heat from the refrigerant and/or solvent at one point of the chiller 36b to the refrigerant and/or solvent at another point of the chiller 36b.
• the condenser 96b is preferably integrated into the heat reservoir circuit 92b.
• the evaporator 100b is preferably integrated into the cooling circuit 90b.
• the absorber 102b is preferably integrated into the heat reservoir circuit 92b.
• the absorber 102b and the condenser 96b can be fluidically connected in parallel or in series within the heat reservoir circuit 92b.
• the expeller 106b preferably has a heat exchanger to which the exhaust gas line 38b is connected.
• FIG. 5 shows a supply system 10c for an electrical consumer device 12c.
• the supply system 10c comprises at least one cooling unit 14c for cooling the consumption device 12c.
• the supply system 10c comprises at least one filter unit 16c for separating carbon dioxide CO2 from a gas mixture 18c.
• the supply system 10c comprises at least one power generator unit 20c to provide electrical energy 22c for the electrical consumer device 12c, the filter unit 16c and/or the cooling unit 14c.
• the supply system 10c comprises at least one fluid mixing unit 24c arranged upstream of the filter unit 16c.
• the fluid mixing unit 24c is connected to an exhaust outlet 26c of the power generator unit 20c.
• the fluid mixing unit 24c is connected to a coolant outlet 28c of the cooling unit 14c.
• the fluid mixing unit 24c is provided to set an inlet temperature of a fluid when it enters the filter unit 16c.
• the gas mixture 18c includes, in particular, ambient air, an exhaust gas from the power generator unit 20c and/or the consumer device 12c
• the fluid mixing unit 24c is connected to the exhaust outlet 26c of the power generator unit 20c via an exhaust line 38c of the power generator unit 20c.
• the exhaust pipe 38c runs through a refrigerator 36c of the cooling unit 14c.
• the fluid mixing unit 24c comprises at least one feed element 40c.
• the feed element 40c fluidly connects the exhaust gas outlet 26c of the power generator unit 20c and/or the coolant outlet 28c to a filter inlet of the filter unit 16c for the gas mixture 18c to be filtered.
• the feed element 40c connects the exhaust gas line 38c emerging from the refrigerating machine 36c to a fluid line 66c of the fluid mixing unit 24c.
• the filter unit 16c internally or the fluid mixing unit 24c comprises a further fluid control element, not shown here, in order to fluidly connect the fluid line 66c to an adsorption surface of a filter of the filter unit 16c or to a heating element or heat exchanger arranged on the filter.
• a fluid control element 32c of the fluid mixing unit 24c directs the exhaust gas through the refrigerating machine 36c, in particular so that the exhaust gas is fed pre-cooled into the fluid line 66c.
• fluid mixing unit 24c mixes the exhaust gas from power generator unit 20c with a coolant, in particular cooled by refrigeration machine 36c and heated in particular by consumer device 12c, from cooling unit 14c and/or with an external gas mixture 18c, for example ambient air and/or Exhaust air from an air conditioning system, in particular such that an inlet temperature of the fluid entering the filter unit 16c is less than 50°C.
• a coolant in particular cooled by refrigeration machine 36c and heated in particular by consumer device 12c
• an external gas mixture 18c for example ambient air and/or Exhaust air from an air conditioning system, in particular such that an inlet temperature of the fluid entering the filter unit 16c is less than 50°C.
• the fluid control element 32c directs the exhaust gas via a bypass line 34c, so that it is fed into the fluid line 66c without temperature control.
• fluid mixing unit 24c mixes the exhaust gas from power generator unit 20c with a coolant, in particular heated by consumer device 12c, from cooling unit 14c and/or with an external gas mixture 18c, for example ambient air and/or exhaust air from an air conditioning system, in particular like this that an inlet temperature of the fluid entering the filter unit 16c is between 80°C and 130°C.
• FIG. 6 shows a supply system 10d for an electrical consumer device 12d.
• the supply system 10d comprises at least one cooling unit 14d for cooling the consumption device 12d.
• the supply system 10d comprises at least one filter unit 16d for separating carbon dioxide CO2 from a gas mixture 18d.
• the supply system lOd includes at least a power generator unit 20d to provide electrical energy 22d for the electrical consumer device 12d, the filter unit 16d and/or the cooling unit 14d.
• the supply system 10d comprises at least one fluid mixing unit 24d arranged upstream of the filter unit 16d.
• the fluid mixing unit 24d is connected to an exhaust outlet 26d of the power generator unit 20d.
• the fluid mixing unit 24d is connected to a coolant outlet 28d of the cooling unit 14d.
• the fluid mixing unit 24d is provided to set an inlet temperature of a fluid when it enters the filter unit 16d.
• the gas mixture 18d includes, in particular, ambient air, an exhaust gas from the power generator unit 20d and/or the consumer device 12d.
• the supply system 10d comprises at least one switching unit 42d, which fluidly connects the cooling unit 14d selectively to one of at least two different heat reservoirs 44d, 46d in order to set the inlet temperature of the fluid.
• One of the heat reservoirs 46d is the filter unit 16d.
• the switching unit 42d includes at least one 3-way valve in a return and a 3-way valve in a flow of a heat reservoir circuit 92d.
• the switching unit 42d connects in particular a refrigeration machine 36d of the cooling unit 14d either to the heat reservoir 44d, for example ambient air, or to the filter unit 16d, ie to the further heat reservoir 46d.
• FIG. 7 shows the chiller 36d.
• a condenser 96d of a refrigerant branch of the refrigeration machine 36d is fluidically connected to the filter unit 16d in at least one configuration of the switching unit 42d, in particular for heat transfer from the refrigeration machine 36d to the filter unit 16d.
• an absorber 102d of a solution circuit of the refrigerating machine 36d is fluidically connected to the filter unit 16d in at least one configuration of the switchover unit 42d for heat transfer.
• the switching unit 42d connects the refrigeration machine 36d in particular to the additional heat reservoir 46d when active operation of the refrigeration machine 36d is necessary to cool the consumption device 12d and the filter unit 16d is in a desorption operating state, for example during a warm night.
• the switching unit 42d preferably connects the refrigeration machine 36d to the heat reservoir 44d, which is in particular independent of the filter unit 16d when the filter unit 16d is in an adsorption operating state.
• an average temperature of a heat carrier of the heat reservoir circuit 92d when passing through the filter unit 16d, ie the further heat reservoir 46d is greater than 50° C., in particular greater than 75° C.
• An average temperature of a heat transfer medium of the heat reservoir circuit 92d is preferably less than 50° C. when coupled to the heat reservoir 44d, which is in particular independent of the filter unit 16d.

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• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
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Citations (4)

• 2021
  • 2021-10-12 DE DE102021211485.7A patent/DE102021211485A1/de active Pending
• 2022
  • 2022-10-11 EP EP22802552.4A patent/EP4415855A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-10-11 CN CN202280068842.3A patent/CN118139687A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-10-11 WO PCT/EP2022/078258 patent/WO2023062012A1/de active Application Filing

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