WO2023061759A1 - Wachstum von nanodrähten - Google Patents
Wachstum von nanodrähten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023061759A1 WO2023061759A1 PCT/EP2022/077019 EP2022077019W WO2023061759A1 WO 2023061759 A1 WO2023061759 A1 WO 2023061759A1 EP 2022077019 W EP2022077019 W EP 2022077019W WO 2023061759 A1 WO2023061759 A1 WO 2023061759A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- permeable layer
- electrically conductive
- nanowires
- conductive surface
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/10—Moulds; Masks; Masterforms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/006—Nanostructures, e.g. using aluminium anodic oxidation templates [AAO]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/04—Wires; Strips; Foils
Definitions
- the invention relates to the growth of nanowires on a surface.
- Nanowires galvanically from an electrolyte onto an electrically conductive surface An example is described in DE 102017 104906 A1.
- a foil is applied to the surface to be covered.
- the film has continuous channels, which are referred to as pores in DE 102017 104906 A1.
- the nanowires can be grown into the channels.
- the foil can then be removed, for example by etching, in order to expose the grown nanowires.
- the nanowires can be used to connect components to one another.
- the surface of one or both components is covered with nanowires.
- the components are then brought together in such a way that the nanowires of one component connect to the surface of the other component or that the nanowires of the surfaces of the two components connect to one another.
- a sponge is provided as a means for preparing the electrolyte.
- the electrolyte can be distributed over the foil through the sponge.
- the foil can also be pressed to the surface with the sponge. This is to prevent material from being deposited at undesired points between the surface to be grown over and the film. Without this pressing, material could also be deposited between the surface to be grown and the foil outside the area in which the nanowires are to be grown. This effect is referred to below as "lateral growth”. If the lateral growth is undesirable, one can also speak of "parasitic lateral growth”. Lateral growth can be prevented by pressing the foil sufficiently hard against the surface to be covered. However, this can clog the pores of the sponge and/or seal channels in the film, which would cause the nanowires to grow unevenly.
- a closed thickening area would first arise from the deposited material, which can be referred to as a bump.
- a bump could result in an undesirably large gap being formed between surfaces of components to be connected to one another.
- such a bump could mean that components can only be connected to one another at a comparatively large distance from one another.
- the geometric height of the connection or the total thickness of the components connected to one another can be greater than desired. This is particularly critical for geometrically demanding assemblies such as mobile phones, tablets or televisions.
- an arrangement for producing a large number of nanowires is presented.
- the arrangement includes the following elements, which are arranged in the order given:
- a second electrolyte-permeable layer which is more compressible than the first electrolyte-permeable layer, wherein the arrangement further comprises an electrode, and wherein the arrangement is set up so that the nanowires by applying an electrical voltage between the electrically conductive surface and the electrode galvanically from a Electrolytes can be grown into the channels of the foil onto the electrically conductive surface.
- a multiplicity of nanowires can be produced on the electrically conductive surface, in particular by means of galvanic growth.
- the electrically conductive surface can be part of an electrically conductive body. If nanowires are to be produced on a body that is not electrically conductive or not sufficiently conductive, the surface of the body or a part thereof can be metallized, as a result of which an electrically conductive surface is obtained.
- a nanowire is understood here to mean any material body that has a wire-like shape and a size in the nanometer range.
- a nanowire can, for example, have a circular, oval or polygonal base.
- a nanowire can have a hexagonal base
- the nanowires are preferably made of a metal, for example copper.All the nanowires are preferably made of the same material.
- the nanowires are preferably perpendicular to the surface.In this case, the nanowires are arranged in the manner of a lawn.
- the nanowires preferably have a length in the range from 100 nm [nanometer] to 100 ⁇ m [micrometer], in particular in the range from 500 nm to 50 ⁇ m. Furthermore, the nanowires preferably have a diameter in the range from 10 to 10,000 nm, in particular in the range from 30 to 4,000 nm.
- the term diameter refers to a circular base area, with a base area deviating from this, a comparable definition of a diameter is to be used. It is particularly preferred that all nanowires used have the same length and the same diameter.
- the nanowires can be used to connect components to one another. In this way, nanowires can be grown on the contact surface of a first component and on the contact surface of a second component.
- the two contact surfaces are each used as the electrically conductive surface of the arrangement described.
- the two components can then be brought together so that the nanowires of the two contact surfaces come into contact with one another. Due to the large surface area of the nanowires, a mechanically stable connection is created, which is also electrically conductive in the case of electrically conductive nanowires and/or thermally conductive in the case of thermally conductive nanowires.
- the connection can be formed without great effort. In particular, no high temperatures are required, as they occur with conventional connection technologies in the electronics industry, for example when soldering.
- the connection can be strengthened by briefly pressing the components together with increased pressure.
- the components can also be connected if only the contact surface of a first component is covered with nanowires. If the components are then brought together and heated, for example to at least 90 °C, the nanowires connect to the contact surface of the second component. In both process variants, an adhesive can also be used to strengthen the connection.
- the assembly further includes a sheet having a plurality of channels extending from a first side of the sheet to a second side of the sheet opposite the first side.
- the channels are therefore continuous and extend through the foil.
- the channels are arranged and formed like the nanowires to be grown.
- the channels can be filled with material by means of galvanic growth, which can be used to create the nanowires.
- the foil can be removed, for example by etching. In this way, the nanowires can be exposed and used, for example, to connect components.
- the arrangement comprises a first electrolyte-permeable layer and a second electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the two electrolyte-permeable layers together serve to evenly distribute the electrolyte throughout the foil to achieve uniform growth of the nanowires.
- the foil can be pressed onto the electrically conductive surface via the two electrolyte-permeable layers in order to restrict and prevent lateral growth, that too much material is deposited between the foil and the electrically conductive surface.
- the first electrolyte permeable layer is less compressible than the second electrolyte permeable layer.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer in particular is compressed.
- the film is pressed onto the electrically conductive surface and/or onto a lithographic layer via the first electrolyte-permeable layer. This prevents too much material from being deposited between the foil and the electrically conductive surface. Page growth is thus restricted.
- the electrolyte may not be discharged uniformly from the second electrolyte permeable layer to the first electrolyte permeable layer.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer is less compressible than the second electrolyte-permeable layer, the first electrolyte-permeable layer is compressed less than the second electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the pores of the first electrolyte-permeable layer therefore tend to remain open than the pores of the second electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the possibly uneven delivery of the electrolyte from the second electrolyte-permeable layer to the first electrolyte-permeable layer can be compensated for, so that the electrolyte can be delivered evenly from the first electrolyte-permeable layer to the foil and the nanowires can be grown evenly in the channels of the foil.
- the arrangement described has two electrolyte-permeable layers with different properties.
- the arrangement can also have more than two electrolyte-permeable layers. This enables an even finer functional division into the individual electrolyte-permeable layers.
- the advantages described can be achieved all the more as a result.
- the foil can be pressed onto the electrically conductive surface by the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer. By pressing on, the electrolyte can be released from the second electrolyte-permeable layer to the first electrolyte-permeable layer and from the first electrolyte-permeable layer to the foil. If there were only a single electrolyte-permeable layer, it could either be so compressible that with which the electrolyte could be released by pressing.
- the electrolyte-permeable layer as a spring system could compensate for local unevenness on the surface to be grown and/or on the film and ensure that the film is pressed evenly against the surface to be grown over the entire surface to be grown.
- the electrolyte-permeable layer becomes more and more dense with increasing contact pressure, so that zones also arise within the electrolyte-permeable layer which are only poorly permeable for the electrolyte. This can lead to local depletion of the electrolyte during the growth of the nanowires. This in turn can cause the nanowires to grow unevenly.
- the pores of the electrolyte-permeable layer can even become clogged and/or channels in the film can be closed.
- the electrolyte-permeable layer could be so little compressible that the disadvantages described above do not occur.
- the microporosity of the electrolyte-permeable layer could remain constant even with increasing contact pressure. In this way, thorough mixing of the electrolyte in the electrolyte-permeable layer could be achieved over a large range of contact pressure.
- the disadvantage of an incompressible electrolyte-permeable layer is that it cannot adequately compensate for the unevenness of the surface to be grown and/or the film. This can lead to zones on the surface to be grown on, in which the foil is pressed very tightly to the surface to be grown on, and to zones in which there is still a gap between the surface and the foil.
- the disadvantages described above can be circumvented.
- a spring effect can be achieved to compensate for unevenness.
- clogging of the channels of the film can be prevented and good mixing of the electrolyte can be maintained even with a high contact pressure.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer can therefore be designed in such a way that, despite low grain pressability can deliver the electrolyte well. In the case of the less compressible first electrolyte-permeable layer, the pores can be kept open more easily.
- the first electrolyte permeable layer preferably has negligible compressibility. It can therefore also be called incompressible. This is to be understood here as meaning that the first electrolyte-permeable layer is not significantly compressed under the forces that usually occur during operation of the arrangement.
- the first electrolyte permeable layer and the second electrolyte permeable layer are permeable to the electrolyte. It's not limited to any particular direction.
- the electrolyte can not only pass through the electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer in a direction perpendicular to the electrically conductive surface, but also spread parallel to the electrically conductive surface within the first electrolyte-permeable layer or within the second electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the electrolyte can thus be distributed parallel to the electrically conductive surface by means of the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer. This enables a particularly uniform growth of the nanowires.
- first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer are preferably porous can also be described in that the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer have an open structure.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer are preferably porous.
- porous means that the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer are porous and to this extent permeable to the electrolyte.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer and/or the second electrolyte-permeable layer can be formed as a respective fabric.
- the foil is preferably designed in such a way that the foil is permeable to the electrolyte only in one direction perpendicular to the foil.
- the electrolyte cannot therefore spread through the foil parallel to the electrically conductive surface.
- the film differs from the first electrolyte-permeable film Layer and from the second electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the film is therefore not porous in the sense of this term used here.
- the channels of the film are not referred to as pores here either.
- the channels of the foil are preferably each without branches.
- the channels are preferably separated from each other. The channels therefore do not form a network of channels that branch out or are connected to one another.
- the arrangement also has an electrode.
- the arrangement preferably also has a voltage source which is connected on the one hand to the electrically conductive surface and on the other hand to the electrode. With the voltage source, an electrical voltage can be applied between the electrically conductive surface and the electrode to grow the nanowires.
- the elements of the assembly are arranged in the following order: the electrically conductive surface, the foil, the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the electrode preferably follows the second electrolyte-permeable layer in this order.
- the electrode is preferably in contact with the second electrolyte-permeable layer.
- an intermediate layer to be provided between the electrode and the second electrolyte-permeable layer, for example in the form of a further electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the second electrolyte permeable layer preferably abuts the first electrolyte permeable layer.
- an intermediate layer to be provided between the second electrolyte-permeable layer and the first electrolyte-permeable layer, for example in the form of a further electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer is preferably in contact with the foil.
- an intermediate layer to be provided between the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the film, for example in the form of a further electrolyte-permeable layer.
- concern means that there is direct contact between the respective elements.
- the film can lie against the electrically conductive surface. But that is not necessary. This applies in particular if the electrically conductive surface is formed in a recess in a lithographic layer. In that case, the film is preferably in contact with the lithographic layer. Depending on the design of the lithographic layer and the electrically conductive surface, it may be that between the electrically conductive surface and the film is formed a free space. As the nanowires grow, this free space is filled with the material of the nanowires. Only then are the channels of the film filled with the material.
- the electrically conductive surface, the foil, the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer preferably form a layered structure.
- the direction perpendicular to the electrically conductive surface can be referred to as a stacking direction.
- the foil, the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer are preferably each formed perpendicularly to the stacking direction. This applies in particular to the preferred case in which the film is formed in the manner of a layer.
- the electrode is preferably also part of the layer structure.
- the electrode is preferably also formed as one layer and in particular is also formed perpendicularly to the stacking direction.
- the arrangement is set up in such a way that the nanowires can be grown galvanically from an electrolyte into the channels of the film onto the electrically conductive surface by applying an electrical voltage between the electrically conductive surface and the electrode.
- the nanowires can be grown by providing an electrolyte.
- the electrolyte is preferably a liquid from which the material of the nanowires can be electrodeposited.
- the electrolyte is arranged in such a way that both the electrode and the electrically conductive surface are in contact with the electrolyte and are connected to one another via it.
- the channels in the film, pores in the first electrolyte-permeable layer and pores in the second electrolyte-permeable layer are filled with the electrolyte.
- the electrolyte can be introduced into the second electrolyte-permeable layer and distributed through the second electrolyte-permeable layer and the first electrolyte-permeable layer to the channels of the foil.
- the arrangement can also have a chamber for the electrolyte. During the growth of the nanowires, the chamber is filled with electrolyte.
- a substrate can be provided with nanowires over a large area.
- the arrangement described is also particularly well suited for growing nanowires on a structured substrate.
- the surface of a substrate can be structured with lithographic means so that the Nanowires are grown only in recesses of a lithographic layer. Since the lateral growth can be restricted particularly strongly with the arrangement described, regions with nanowires can be particularly close to one another without electrical contact occurring between the adjacent regions with nanowires.
- electrically conductive pads that are at a small distance from one another and are electrically insulated from one another can be overgrown with nanowires without lateral growth leading to a short circuit between the electrically conductive pads.
- the arrangement described can be used to grow nanowires for the purpose of interconnecting components with a plurality of electrical contacts.
- a large number of separate electrically conductive connections can be formed between two components via the electrically conductive pads overgrown with nanowires, which at the same time firmly connect the components to one another in a mechanically and/or thermally conductive manner.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer and the second electrolyte-permeable layer are porous, the second electrolyte-permeable layer having a larger average pore size than the first electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer has larger pores than the first electrolyte-permeable layer.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer thus has a comparatively large average pore size.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer is highly permeable for the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte can be distributed particularly well. If the second electrolyte-permeable layer were to lie directly on the foil, the large pore size would be disadvantageous.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer is pressed against the foil, some of the channels of the foil could be closed by material of the second electrolyte-permeable layer. In order to prevent this, the first electrolyte-permeable layer is provided.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer preferably has so many pore openings on its surface in the uncompressed state that there are on average several pore openings on the surface of the first electrolyte-permeable layer in an area the size of the cross-sectional area of a channel of the film. In this way, each channel can be supplied with electrolyte via several pore openings.
- the second electrolyte permeable layer preferably has an average pore size larger by a factor of 1 to 20 than the first electrolyte permeable layer.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer has a greater number of pores than the first electrolyte-permeable layer by a factor of 1 to 20.
- the pores of the second electrolyte-permeable layer preferably have an extent in the range from 30 to 400 nm, in particular in the range from 100 to 220 nm.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer is larger than the first electrolyte-permeable layer in a direction perpendicular to the electrically conductive surface in an uncompressed state.
- the uncompressed second electrolyte-permeable layer thus has a greater extent than the uncompressed first electrolyte-permeable layer.
- This can also be described as the second electrolyte permeable layer being thicker than the first electrolyte permeable layer when both are uncompressed.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer is expanded in the direction perpendicular to the electrically conductive surface in the uncompressed state by a factor of 2 to 20 greater than the first electrolyte-permeable layer.
- first electrolyte-permeable layer gives the best results with regard to the uniformity of the growth of the nanowires and the limitation of the lateral growth. Due to the fact that the second electrolyte-permeable layer is comparatively large, it can be sufficiently compressed. The less compressible first electrolyte-permeable layer does not have to be larger in order to fulfill its task. This is due in particular to the fact that in first electrolyte-permeable layer only a fine distribution of the electrolyte must be done.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer is formed with cellulose.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer is formed exclusively from cellulose.
- the advantages described can already be achieved if the first electrolyte-permeable layer has a proportion of cellulose.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer is preferably formed from at least 50% cellulose.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer is a sponge.
- the arrangement also has a pressing device for generating a force on the second electrolyte-permeable layer in the direction of the electrically conductive surface.
- the pressing device preferably comprises a stamp.
- the layers of the described layer structure can be pressed together with the pressing device.
- the foil can be pressed onto the electrically conductive surface and/or onto a lithographic layer, for example. This can prevent page growth.
- the plunger preferably acts on the electrode.
- the electrode can be part of the stamp.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer could, for example, also be pressed by hand in the direction of the electrically conductive surface.
- the arrangement furthermore has a substrate with a lithographic layer, wherein the lithographic layer has one or more recesses, and wherein the electrically conductive surface is formed in the one or more recesses.
- the lithographic layer is preferably in contact with the substrate.
- the foil is preferably in contact with the lithographic layer.
- the electrically conductive surface on which the nanowires are grown is formed on the lithographic layer.
- the substrate is preferably a semiconductor substrate, for example made of silicon.
- the substrate can be formed as a wafer.
- the substrate can be metalized in the one or more recesses of the lithographic layer. In this way, the growth of the nanowires can be limited locally. If the substrate itself is already electrically conductive, the surface of the substrate in the one or more recesses of the lithographic layer itself can be considered the electrically conductive surface onto which the nanowires are grown.
- the lithographic layer preferably has an extent in the range of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m [microns] in a direction perpendicular to the electrically conductive surface,
- a free space can be formed between the electrically conductive surface and the film. During the growth of the nanowires, this is filled with the material from which the nanowires in the channels of the foil are then also grown.
- the lithographic layer preferably has a large number of recesses.
- the recesses are preferably arranged regularly.
- a pitch is preferably in the range from 1 to 10 ⁇ m [micrometers]. Pitch is to be understood as meaning the center distance between adjacent recesses.
- a method for producing a multiplicity of nanowires with an arrangement configured as described is presented, the nanowires being galvanically formed from an electrolyte into the channels of the film on the by applying an electrical voltage between the electrically conductive surface and the electrode electrically conductive surface to be grown.
- the described advantages and features of the arrangement can be applied and transferred to the method, and vice versa.
- the arrangement is preferably set up for operation in accordance with the method.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer is pressed at least temporarily in the direction of the electrically conductive surface.
- Fig. 1 an inventive arrangement for generating a variety of
- the arrangement 1 shows an arrangement 1 for producing a multiplicity of nanowires 2.
- the arrangement 1 comprises a substrate 12 with a lithographic layer 13.
- the lithographic layer 13 has a recess 14 in which a metallization layer 15 is formed.
- the metallization layer 15 is limited to the recess 14 by the lithographic layer 13 and does not extend over the entire substrate 12.
- the nanowires 2 can be grown on this electrically conductive surface 3 .
- the growth of the nanowires 2 is limited to the region of the recess 14 by the lithographic layer 13 .
- the arrangement 1 also has a film 4 with a large number of channels 5 .
- the channels 5 extend from a first side 6 of the film 4 to a second side 7 of the film 4 opposite the first side 6 .
- the film 4 is in contact with the lithographic layer 13 .
- the film 4 could be in contact with the metallization layer 15. But that is not necessary.
- the film 4 is therefore shown at a distance from the metallization layer 15 . This is comparatively large for illustration in the schematic representation.
- the foil 4 and the metallization layer 15 rest against each other, but not very tightly, so that during the growth of the nanowires 2 between the foil 4 and the metallization layer 15, at least locally, there is galvanic deposition of material between the film 4 and the electrically conductive surface 3 can come.
- the arrangement 1 further comprises a first electrolyte-permeable layer 8 which bears against the foil 4 and a second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 which bears against the first electrolyte-permeable layer 8 .
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer 8 and the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 are porous.
- the second electrolyte permeable layer 9 is more compressible than the first electrolyte permeable layer 8, has a larger average pore size than the first electrolyte permeable layer 8, and is electrically conductive in a direction perpendicular to that Surface extended larger than the first electrolyte-permeable layer 8.
- the first electrolyte-permeable layer 8 is formed of cellulose.
- the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 is a sponge.
- the arrangement 1 has an electrode 10 which is in contact with the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 .
- the arrangement 1 has a stamp as a pressing device 11 for generating a force on the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 in the direction of the electrically conductive surface 3 .
- the pressing device 11 rests against the electrode 10 and can use this to exert a force on the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 in the direction of the electrically conductive surface 3 . This force compresses the foil 4, the first electrolyte-permeable layer 8 and the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 between the lithographic layer 13 and the electrically conductive surface 3 and the electrode 10, respectively.
- the arrangement 1 is set up in such a way that the nanowires 2 can be grown galvanically from an electrolyte into the channels 5 of the film 4 onto the electrically conductive surface 3 by applying an electrical voltage between the electrically conductive surface 3 and the electrode 10 .
- This is possible by bringing the electrode 10 and the electrically conductive surface 3 into contact with the electrolyte in such a way that the electrode 10 and the electrically conductive surface 3 are connected to one another via the electrolyte.
- the channels 5 of the film 4, pores of the first electrolyte-permeable layer 8 and pores of the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 can be filled with the electrolyte.
- the pressing device 11, the electrode 10, the second electrolyte-permeable layer 9 and the first electrolyte-permeable layer 8 can be removed.
- the foil 4 can be dissolved, for example by etching, to expose the nanowires 2.
- the lithographic layer 13 can also be chemically removed. As a result, the nanowires 2 remain on one electrically conductive pad on the substrate 12.
- the electrically conductive pad is formed by the metallization layer 15 and the filling 16.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020247012801A KR20240056641A (ko) | 2021-10-12 | 2022-09-28 | 나노와이어들의 성장 |
CN202280064030.1A CN117980542A (zh) | 2021-10-12 | 2022-09-28 | 纳米线的生长 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021126435.9A DE102021126435A1 (de) | 2021-10-12 | 2021-10-12 | Wachstum von Nanodrähten |
DE102021126435.9 | 2021-10-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023061759A1 true WO2023061759A1 (de) | 2023-04-20 |
Family
ID=83689865
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/077019 WO2023061759A1 (de) | 2021-10-12 | 2022-09-28 | Wachstum von nanodrähten |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR20240056641A (de) |
CN (1) | CN117980542A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021126435A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW202315980A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2023061759A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017104906A1 (de) | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | Olav Birlem | Anordnung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Vielzahl von Nanodrähten |
DE102017104905A1 (de) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | Olav Birlem | Anordnung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Vielzahl von Nanodrähten sowie Galvanikkapsel |
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DE102008015333B4 (de) | 2008-03-20 | 2021-05-12 | Gsi Helmholtzzentrum Für Schwerionenforschung Gmbh | Nanodraht-Strukturelement, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, Mikroreaktorsystem und Katalysatorsystem |
DE102017104902A1 (de) | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | Olav Birlem | Anordnung von Halbleiterchips und Verfahren zur Herstellung davon |
DE102017104904A1 (de) | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | Olav Birlem | Messanordnung und Verfahren zum Messen von Eigenschaften eines strömenden Mediums |
DE102020107514A1 (de) | 2020-03-18 | 2021-09-23 | Nanowired Gmbh | Galvanisches Wachstum von Nanodrähten |
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DE102017104906A1 (de) | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | Olav Birlem | Anordnung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Vielzahl von Nanodrähten |
DE102017104905A1 (de) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-09-13 | Olav Birlem | Anordnung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Vielzahl von Nanodrähten sowie Galvanikkapsel |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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ARIANNA GAMBIRASI ET AL: "Direct electrodeposition of metal nanowires on electrode surface", ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 56, no. 24, 13 July 2011 (2011-07-13), pages 8582 - 8588, XP028289239, ISSN: 0013-4686, [retrieved on 20110723], DOI: 10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2011.07.045 * |
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TW202315980A (zh) | 2023-04-16 |
CN117980542A (zh) | 2024-05-03 |
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