WO2023061218A1 - 用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统 - Google Patents

用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统 Download PDF

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WO2023061218A1
WO2023061218A1 PCT/CN2022/121909 CN2022121909W WO2023061218A1 WO 2023061218 A1 WO2023061218 A1 WO 2023061218A1 CN 2022121909 W CN2022121909 W CN 2022121909W WO 2023061218 A1 WO2023061218 A1 WO 2023061218A1
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exhaust
port
battery
main body
formation
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PCT/CN2022/121909
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English (en)
French (fr)
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汪志明
苗思宇
黄彩虾
唐鸣浩
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023061218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023061218A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an exhaust device and a formation system for battery formation.
  • SEI film solid electrolyte interphase film
  • formation gas gas
  • a vacuum source and a pipeline connecting the vacuum source and the internal chamber of the battery are usually used to discharge the gas generated during the formation of the battery.
  • the electrolyte in the battery is also easily carried out with the discharge of the gas, which will cause The loss of electrolyte and the inability to discharge the gas in time will affect the electrochemical performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides an exhaust device and a formation system for battery formation, which can reduce the loss of electrolyte in the battery formation process and simultaneously discharge gas in time.
  • an exhaust device for battery formation including:
  • a main body the main body has an accommodation cavity, the main body is provided with an exhaust port and an insertion port communicating with the accommodation cavity, and the exhaust port is used to connect with the casing of the battery;
  • the exhaust part has an exhaust channel penetrating from the first end to the second end, the first end of the exhaust part extends into the accommodation cavity through the insertion port, the exhaust part It can move along the insertion port to couple or disengage the first end of the exhaust part from the exhaust port.
  • the accommodating cavity of the main body can accommodate the electrolyte and the gas generated during the formation process of the battery.
  • the first end of the exhaust part is separated from the exhaust port, and part of the electrolyte in the battery can be released.
  • the formed gas enters the housing chamber of the main body through the exhaust port, the formed gas can be discharged along the exhaust channel of the exhaust part, while the electrolyte is stored in the housing chamber; at the later stage of the battery formation process, the exhaust part can be discharged along the main body
  • the plug port of the exhaust part is moved to connect the first end of the exhaust part with the exhaust port.
  • the chemical gas can be directly discharged through the exhaust channel of the exhaust part, and because the liquid level of the battery electrolyte drops, the electrolyte does not It will continue to be released with the gas.
  • the first end of the exhaust part is separated from the exhaust port.
  • the electrolyte stored in the accommodating cavity can be returned to the battery through the exhaust port. It can be seen that the technical solution of the present application can not only discharge the gas in time, but also reduce the loss of electrolyte during the battery formation process.
  • the first end of the exhaust portion when the first end of the exhaust portion is coupled with the exhaust port, the first end of the exhaust portion is plugged into the exhaust port.
  • the first end of the exhaust part can be connected more closely with the exhaust port, thereby preventing the electrolyte in the battery casing from being carried out further, thereby reducing the loss of the electrolyte.
  • the outer wall of the first end of the exhaust portion is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the exhaust port, which can facilitate the formation of a unique gas discharge channel and improve the discharge effect of the formed gas. At the same time, it is also possible to increase the discharge rate of the formed gas.
  • the first end of the exhaust part can extend out of the main body through the exhaust port, so as to be inserted into the casing of the battery, so that the battery can be further quickly removed.
  • the gas in the shell is exhausted.
  • the main body is further provided with an adjustment port communicating with the accommodation cavity, and the adjustment opening is used to adjust the air pressure in the accommodation cavity.
  • negative pressure can be generated in the accommodation cavity through the adjustment port, and then the gas and electrolytic hydraulic pressure in the battery case can be quickly entered into the accommodation cavity for storage.
  • the electrolyte can be quickly and completely returned to the battery case by generating a positive pressure, thereby further reducing the loss of the electrolyte during the battery formation process.
  • the main body includes a cylindrical section and a conical section, the insertion port and the regulating port are both opened at the end of the cylindrical section away from the conical section, and the exhaust port is opened at the tapered end of the conical segment. Arranging the exhaust port at the tapered end of the conical section of the main body can facilitate the connection between the exhaust port and the battery case, thereby improving work efficiency.
  • the main body includes a cylindrical section and a conical section, which is conducive to the rapid and complete return of the electrolyte in the main body cavity to the battery case.
  • the exhaust port and the insertion port are arranged opposite to each other, which is conducive to the connection between the exhaust part and the exhaust port, and at the same time facilitates the formation of a direct, shortest-distance exhaust channel, Improve the discharge efficiency of formed gas.
  • the exhaust part is a hollow rod body
  • the rod body is simple in structure, easy to obtain, and low in cost, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the exhaust device.
  • the present application also provides a chemical formation system, which includes the exhaust device described in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the chemical formation system includes the exhaust device in the above embodiment, and the exhaust device includes a main body and an exhaust part.
  • the main body has an accommodating cavity, and the main body is provided with an exhaust port and an insertion port communicating with the accommodating cavity, and the exhaust port is used for connecting with the casing of the battery.
  • the exhaust part has an exhaust channel that runs through from the first end to the second end. The first end of the exhaust part extends into the accommodation cavity through the insertion port, and the exhaust part can move along the insertion port so that the first end of the exhaust part The end and the exhaust port are connected or disconnected. Since the formation system of the present application includes the above-mentioned exhaust device, the formation system can also reduce the loss of electrolyte during the formation process of the battery and at the same time discharge the gas in time to avoid the electrochemical performance of the battery being affected.
  • the main body of the exhaust device is provided with an adjustment port communicating with the containing cavity;
  • the chemical conversion system further includes a pressure adjustment device connected to the adjustment port.
  • the pressure regulating device can increase the discharge rate of the gas generated during the formation process of the battery, thereby realizing the improvement of the formation rate of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust device in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of an exhaust device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of an exhaust device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the exhaust part and the exhaust port in the exhaust device of some embodiments of the present application;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the detachment of the exhaust part from the exhaust port in the exhaust device of some embodiments of the present application.
  • Rechargeable battery also known as rechargeable battery or storage battery, refers to a battery that can be activated by charging the active material after the battery is discharged and continues to be used.
  • its electrode material is not in the best state of use, or its physical properties are not good (such as too large particles, loose contact, etc.), or the phase itself is wrong (such as some metal oxides with alloy mechanism) Negative electrode), the first charge and discharge is required to activate the positive and negative electrode materials, that is, formation.
  • lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode active material, pass through the electrolyte, separator, and electrolyte in sequence, and then intercalate between the layers of the negative electrode material.
  • electrons migrate from the positive pole to the negative pole along the peripheral circuit.
  • the electrons will first react with the electrolyte to form an SEI film and some gases.
  • the gas generated during this process can affect the formation of the SEI film, thereby affecting the cycle performance and service life of the battery.
  • a vacuum source and a pipeline connecting the vacuum source and the internal chamber of the battery are usually used to discharge the gas generated during the formation of the battery.
  • the electrolyte in the battery is also easily carried out with the discharge of the gas, which will cause The loss of the electrolyte, and the gas cannot be discharged in time, and the undischarged gas remains inside the battery, which will cause black spots on the electrode electrode interface and lithium precipitation, which will affect the electrochemical performance of the battery.
  • the application provides an exhaust device for battery formation.
  • the exhaust part The first end of the first end is separated from the exhaust port, and part of the electrolyte in the battery can enter the accommodation cavity of the main body through the exhaust port along with the gas, wherein the gas can be discharged along the exhaust channel of the exhaust part, and the electrolyte is stored In the containing chamber; at the later stage of the battery formation process, the exhaust part can move along the socket of the main body so that the first end of the exhaust part is connected to the exhaust port. At this time, the formed gas can directly pass through the exhaust of the exhaust part.
  • the channel is discharged, and because the battery electrolyte level drops, the electrolyte will not continue to be discharged with the formation gas.
  • the formed gas is basically exhausted, the first end of the exhaust part is separated from the exhaust port. At this time, the electrolyte stored in the accommodating cavity can be returned to the battery through the exhaust port. It can be seen that the technical solution of the present application can not only discharge the gas in time, but also reduce the loss of electrolyte during the battery formation process.
  • the exhaust device 10 for battery formation includes a main body 11 and an exhaust part 12 , the main body 11 has an accommodating chamber 111 , and the main body 11 is provided with an exhaust port 112 communicating with the accommodating chamber 111 And the socket 113 and the exhaust port 111 are used to connect with the casing of the battery.
  • the exhaust part 12 has an exhaust passage through the first end 121 to the second end 122.
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 extends into the receiving cavity 111 through the insertion port 113, and the exhaust part 12 can pass through the insertion port 113. move to couple or disengage the first end 121 of the exhaust portion 12 and the exhaust port 112 .
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is separated from the exhaust port 112, and part of the electrolyte in the battery can enter the accommodation cavity 111 of the main body 11 through the exhaust port 112 along with the formation gas.
  • the distance between the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 and the exhaust port 112 is such that the formed gas can be discharged along the exhaust passage of the exhaust part 12, and the electrolyte is stored in the containing cavity 111; Later, the exhaust part 12 can move along the socket 113 of the main body 11 so that the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is connected to the exhaust port 112. At this time, the chemical gas can be directly discharged through the exhaust channel of the exhaust part 12.
  • the electrolyte will not continue to be discharged with the gas.
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust portion 12 is separated from the exhaust port 112 .
  • the electrolyte stored in the accommodating cavity 11 can be returned to the battery through the exhaust port 112 .
  • the shape of the main body 11 may be square, circular, conical or a combination of various shapes. Its material can be metal or plastic. Exemplarily, the material of the battery casing may be, but not limited to, copper and aluminum.
  • the volume of the main body 11 may be, but not limited to, 5L-50L. Exemplarily, the volume of the main body 11 may be 5L, 10L, 15L, 20L, 25L, 30L and so on.
  • the main body 11 is further provided with an adjustment port 114 communicating with the accommodation cavity 111 , and the adjustment opening 114 is used to adjust the air pressure in the accommodation cavity 111 .
  • negative pressure can be generated in the accommodation chamber 111 through the regulating port 114, and the gas and electrolytic fluid in the battery casing can be injected into the accommodation chamber 111 as quickly as possible for storage. After the gas is basically discharged, the electrolyte is completely returned to the battery casing as much as possible, thereby further reducing the loss of the electrolyte during the battery formation process.
  • the main body 11 includes a cylindrical section 115 and a conical section 116 , and the conical section 116 is located below the cylindrical section 115 , and the cavity in the conical section 116 and the cylindrical section 115 The cavities communicate with each other to form the accommodating cavity 111 of the main body 11.
  • the insertion port 113 and the regulating port 114 are both set at the end of the cylindrical section 115 away from the conical section 116, and the exhaust port 112 is set at the conical end of the conical section 116. Setting the exhaust port 112 at the conical end of the conical section 116 of the main body 11 can facilitate the connection between the exhaust port 112 and the battery case, thereby improving working efficiency.
  • the main body 11 includes a cylindrical section 115 and a conical section 116 , which is beneficial for the electrolyte in the accommodating chamber 111 of the main body 11 to quickly and completely return to the battery case.
  • the main body 11 may also include a square section and a conical section, the conical section is located below the square section, and the insertion port 113 and the adjustment port 114 are both provided at the end of the square section away from the conical section.
  • the gas port 112 is opened at the tapered end of the cone section.
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 when the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is connected to the exhaust port 112 , the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is plugged into the exhaust port 112 . In this way, the first end of the exhaust part can be connected more closely with the exhaust port, thereby preventing the electrolyte in the battery casing from being carried out further, thereby reducing the loss of the electrolyte.
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is separated from the exhaust port 112. At this time, the electrolyte stored in the accommodating chamber 111 can be returned to the battery through the exhaust port 112. .
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is separated from or connected to the exhaust port 112, so that the gas generated during the formation of the battery can be discharged in time, so as to avoid black spots on the electrodes and lithium deposition. and other images. At the same time, the loss of the electrolyte can also be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the electrochemical performance of the battery.
  • the outer wall of the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the exhaust port 112, which can facilitate the formation of the only gas discharge channel and improve the discharge of chemical gas. Effect. At the same time, it is also possible to increase the discharge rate of the formed gas.
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 can protrude from the main body 11 through the exhaust port 112, so as to extend into the battery case, and the part of the battery case that extends into the battery case is exhausted.
  • the length of the part 12 is smaller than the distance between the liquid level of the electrolyte in the battery case and the top of the battery case, so that the gas in the battery case can be discharged more quickly, preventing the gas remaining in the battery from causing black spots and analyses.
  • the phenomenon of lithium affects the electrochemical performance of the battery.
  • the exhaust port 112 and the insertion port 113 are arranged opposite to each other, which can facilitate the connection of the exhaust part 12 to the exhaust port 112 through the insertion port 113 and also facilitate the formation of a direct, shortest The distance exhaust channel improves the exhaust efficiency of the formed gas.
  • the exhaust part 12 is a hollow rod body, the rod body is simple in structure, easy to obtain, and low in cost, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the exhaust device 10 .
  • the present application also provides a chemical formation system, which includes the exhaust device 10 in any one of the above embodiments.
  • the chemical formation system includes the exhaust device 10 in the above embodiment, and the exhaust device 10 includes a main body 11 and an exhaust part 12 .
  • the main body 11 has an accommodating chamber 111 , and the main body 11 is provided with an air outlet 112 and an insertion port 113 communicating with the accommodating chamber 111 , and the air outlet 111 is used for connecting with the casing of the battery.
  • the exhaust part 12 has an exhaust passage through the first end 121 to the second end 122.
  • the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 extends into the receiving cavity 111 through the insertion port 113, and the exhaust part 12 can pass through the insertion port 113. move to couple or disengage the first end 121 of the exhaust portion 12 and the exhaust port 112 .
  • the formation system of the present application includes the above-mentioned exhaust device 10, the formation system can also reduce the loss of electrolyte during the formation process of the battery, and at the same time discharge the gas in time to avoid black spots on the electrode pole pieces and lithium precipitation. , so as to achieve the purpose of improving the electrochemical performance of the battery.
  • the above-mentioned chemical conversion system further includes a pressure regulating device, which is connected to the exhaust part 12 and/or the containing chamber 111 .
  • the pressure regulating device can increase the discharge rate of the gas generated during the formation process of the battery, thereby realizing the improvement of the formation rate of the battery.
  • the pressure regulating device which may be any pressure regulating device known to those skilled in the art.
  • the above-mentioned pressure regulating device may be a vacuum pump.
  • the battery cell in the battery is preliminarily pumped using a formation system, that is, the first end of the exhaust part 12 is separated from the exhaust port 112, and a vacuum pump is used to depressurize the accommodation chamber 111 of the main body 11 , so that a negative pressure is formed in the accommodation chamber 111 , so as to draw the gas and part of the electrolyte generated during the cell forming process into the accommodation chamber 111 .
  • the formation is stopped, that is, no gas is generated, and the exhaust part 12 is used to extend into the main body 11 through the insertion port 113, and is sealed with the exhaust port 112, and then the vacuum pump is used to connect with the exhaust port.
  • the second end 122 of the gas part 12 is connected to remove the gas in the battery and ensure the formation of an SEI film on the surface of the electrode material.
  • the exhaust part 12 is separated from the exhaust port 112 to form a positive pressure in the accommodation chamber 11 and promote the electrolyte to flow back into the cell. Reciprocating in this way makes the gas pumping and reflowing electrolytes in different paths during the formation charging process, which avoids taking away part of the electrolyte when the gas flows out to the outside, so as to discharge a large amount of gas in time and reduce the loss of electrolyte .
  • Product A produces up to ⁇ 10L of gas.
  • use interval pumping negative pressure that is The first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 in the housing chamber 11 is disengaged from the exhaust port 112 (10 min) and the first end 121 of the exhaust part 12 is sealed with the exhaust port 112 (1 min).
  • There is no residual gas in the battery cell and there is no black spot and lithium precipitation phenomenon on the electrode pole piece interface, and the electrolyte loss is reduced by about 90%.

Abstract

本申请提供了一种用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统，该排气装置包括主体及排气部。主体具有容纳腔，且该主体开设有与所述容纳腔连通的排气口和插接口，排气口用于与电池的壳体连接。排气部具有自第一端贯通至第二端的排气通道，排气部的第一端经插接口伸入至容纳腔，排气部可沿插接口移动，以使排气部的第一端和排气口联接或脱离。由于本申请的化成系统包括上述排气装置，因此，该化成系统也能够降低电池化成过程中电解液损失的同时，还能够及时将气体排出，避免了电池的电化学性能受到影响。

Description

用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年10月11日提交的名称为“用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统”的中国专利申请202122442268.9的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统。
背景技术
二次电池在制造过程中需要经过一道重要的工序-化成，即在首次充电时，使电极材料的表面上形成固体电解质界面膜(solid electrolyte interphase，简称SEI膜)，该SEI膜能够提高电池的循环性能和使用寿命。然而，化成的过程中会产生大量的气体(简称“化成气”)，该气体能够影响SEI膜的形成，从而影响电池的循环性能和使用寿命。
目前，通常会使用真空源以及连接真空源和电池内部腔室的管道将电池化成过程中产生的气体排出，然而，电池内的电解液也容易随着气体的排出而被带出，这样会造成电解液的损失，而且还不能及时将气体排出，导致电池的电化学性能受到影响。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统，能够降低电池化成过程中电解液损失的同时，还能够及时将气体排出。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种用于电池化成的排气装置，包括：
主体，所述主体具有容纳腔，所述主体开设有与所述容纳腔连通的排气口和插接口，所述排气口用于与电池的壳体连接；
排气部，所述排气部具有自第一端贯通至第二端的排气通道，所述排气部的第一端经所述插接口伸入至所述容纳腔，所述排气部可沿所述插接口移动，以使所述排气部的第一端与所述排气口联接或脱离。
在本申请的技术方案中，主体的容纳腔能够容纳电解液和化成过程中产生的气体，在电池化成过程前期，排气部的第一端与排气口脱离，电池中的部分电解液可随化成气经排气口进入主体的容纳腔内，其中化成气可沿排气部的排气通道排出，而电解液被存储于容纳腔内；在电池化成过程后期，排气部可沿主体的插接口移动以使排气部的第一端与排气口联接，此时，化成气可直接通过排气部的排气通道排出，而由于电池电解液液面下降，因此，电解液不会继续随化成气排出。待化成气基本排出后，排气部的第一端与排气口脱离，此时，存储于容纳腔内的电解液可经排气口重新返回至电池内。可见，本申请的技术方案既能够及时将气体排出，又能够降低电池化成过程中电解液的损失。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述排气部的第一端与所述排气口联接时，所述排气部的第一端插接于所述排气口。这样可以使排气部的第一端与排气口联接更加紧密，进而能够避免电池壳体内的电解液被进一步带出，从而降低电解液的损失。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述排气部的第一端的外壁与所述排气口的内壁密封配合，能够有利于形成唯一的气体排出通道，提高化成气的 排出效果。同时，还能够提高化成气的排出速率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述排气部的第一端可经所述排气口伸出所述主体，以用于伸入所述电池的壳体，这样能够进一步快速地将电池壳体内的气体排出。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述主体还开设有与所述容纳腔连通的调节口，所述调节口用于调节所述容纳腔内的气压。在电池化成前期，通过该调节口可以使容纳腔内产生负压，进而能够快速地将电池壳体内的气体和电解液压入至容纳腔内进行存储，当电池化成过程中所产生的气体排出后，可通过产生正压使电解液快速并尽可能完全回流至电池壳体内，从而进一步的降低电池化成过程中电解液地损失。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述主体包括圆柱段和圆锥段，所述插接口和所述调节口均开设于所述圆柱段的远离所述圆锥段的一端，所述排气口开设于所述圆锥段的锥形端。将排气口设置在主体圆锥段的锥形端可以有利于排气口与电池壳体的连接，进而能够提高工作效率。此外，主体包括圆柱段和圆锥段，这样有利于主体容纳腔内的电解液快速并尽可能完全回流至电池壳体内。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述排气口和所述插接口相对设置，有利于排气部与排气口的联接的同时，还有利于形成直接的、最短距离的排气通道，提高化成气的排出效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述排气部为中空的杆体，该杆体结构简单，且容易获取，成本低，从而能够降低排气装置的制造成本。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种化成系统，所述化成系统包括上述任一实施例中所述的排气装置。
在本申请的技术方案中，化成系统包括了上述实施例中的排气装 置，该排气装置包括主体及排气部。主体具有容纳腔，且该主体开设有与所述容纳腔连通的排气口和插接口，排气口用于与电池的壳体连接。排气部具有自第一端贯通至第二端的排气通道，排气部的第一端经插接口伸入至容纳腔，排气部可沿插接口移动，以使排气部的第一端和排气口联接或脱离。由于本申请的化成系统包括上述排气装置，因此，该化成系统也能够降低电池化成过程中电解液损失的同时，还能够及时将气体排出，避免了电池的电化学性能受到影响。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述排气装置的主体开设有与容纳腔连通的调节口；所述化成系统还包括压力调节装置，所述压力调节装置与所述调节口连接。该压力调节装置可以提高电池化成过程中所产生气体的排出速率，进而实现提高电池的化成速率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例的排气装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的排气装置的俯视图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的排气装置的侧视图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的排气装置中排气部与排气口联接的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例的排气装置中排气部与排气口脱离的结构示意图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
10-排气装置；
11-主体；
111-容纳腔；
112-排气口；
113-插接口；
114-调节口；
115-圆柱段；
116-圆锥段；
12-排气部；
121-第一端；
122-第二端。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以 是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
二次电池(Rechargeable battery)又称为充电电池或蓄电池，是指在电池放电后可通过充电的方式使活性物质激活而继续使用的电池。该电池在制作完成时，其电极材料并不处在最佳使用状态，或者物理性质不佳(例如颗粒太大，接触不紧密等)，或者物相本身不对(例如一些合金机理的金属氧化物负极)，需要进行首次充放电来激活正负极材料，即化成。
在电池进行化成过程中，锂离子从正极活物质中脱出，依次经过电解液、隔膜、电解液后，嵌入负极材料层间。在此过程中，电子沿着外围电路从正极迁移到负极。此时，由于锂离子嵌入负极电位较低电子会先与电解液反应生成SEI膜和部分气体。然而，在该过程中产生的气体会影响SEI膜的形成，从而影响电池的循环性能和使用寿命。
目前，通常会使用真空源以及连接真空源和电池内部腔室的管道将电池化成过程中产生的气体排出，然而，电池内的电解液也容易随着气体的排出而被带出，这样会造成电解液的损失，而且还不能及时将气体排出，未排出的气体残留在电池内部，会造成电极极片界面出现黑斑和析锂等现象，从而导致电池的电化学性能受到影响。
为解决现有技术在电池化成过程中造成电解液损失过大以及气体不能及时排出的问题，本申请提供了一种用于电池化成的排气装置，该装置在电池化成过程前期，排气部的第一端与排气口脱离，电池中的部分电解液可随化成气经排气口进入主体的容纳腔内，其中化成气可沿排气部的排气通道排出，而电解液被存储于容纳腔内；在电池化成过程后期，排气部可沿主体的插接口移动以使排气部的第一端与排气口联接，此时，化成气可直接通过排气部的排气通道排出，而由于电池电解液液面下降，因此， 电解液不会继续随化成气排出。待化成气基本排出后，排气部的第一端与排气口脱离，此时，存储于容纳腔内的电解液可经排气口重新返回至电池内。可见，本申请的技术方案既能够及时将气体排出，又能够降低电池化成过程中电解液的损失。
参照图1，本申请提供的用于电池化成的排气装置10，包括主体11和排气部12，主体11具有容纳腔111，且该主体11开设有与容纳腔111连通的排气口112和插接口113，排气口111用于与电池的壳体连接。排气部12具有自第一端121贯通至第二端122的排气通道，排气部12的第一端121经插接口113伸入至容纳腔111，排气部12可沿插接口113移动，以使排气部12的第一端121和排气口112联接或脱离。可以理解的是，在电池化成过程前期，排气部12的第一端121与排气口112脱离，电池中的部分电解液可随化成气经排气口112进入主体11的容纳腔111内。此外，排气部12的第一端121与排气口112之间的距离使得化成气可沿排气部12的排气通道排出，而电解液被存储于容纳腔111内；在电池化成过程后期，排气部12可沿主体11的插接口113移动以使排气部12的第一端121与排气口112联接，此时，化成气可直接通过排气部12的排气通道排出，而由于电池电解液液面下降，因此，电解液不会继续随化成气排出。待化成气基本排出后，排气部12的第一端121与排气口112脱离，此时，存储于容纳腔11内的电解液可经排气口112重新返回至电池内。
在本申请提供的实施例中，对于主体11的形状、材质和体积并不做具体的限制，可以根据具体实际应用需求来进行选择。示例性的，主体11的形状可以为方形、圆形、圆锥形或各种形状的结合。其材质可以为金属或塑料。示例性的，电池外壳的材质可以但不局限于为铜和铝。而主体11的体积可以但不局限于为5L-50L，示例性的，主体11的体积可以为5L、10L、15L、20L、25L、30L等。
参照图2，在本申请的一些实施例中，主体11还开设有与容纳腔111连通的调节口114，调节口114用于调节容纳腔111内的气压。在电池化成前期，通过该调节口114可以使容纳腔111内产生负压，尽可能快速地将电池壳体内的气体和电解液压入至容纳腔111内进行存储，当电池化成过程中所产生的气体基本排出后，电解液尽可能完全回流至电池壳体内，从而进一步的降低电池化成过程中电解液的损失。
进一步的，参照图3，在本申请的一些实施例中，主体11包括圆柱段115和圆锥段116，并且圆锥段116位于圆柱段115的下方，其圆锥段116中的腔室和圆柱段115的腔室连通形成主体11的容纳腔111，插接口113和调节口114均开设于圆柱段115的远离圆锥段116的一端，排气口112开设于圆锥段116的锥形端。将排气口112设置在主体11的圆锥段116的锥形端可以有利于排气口112与电池壳体的连接，进而能够提高工作效率。此外，主体11包括圆柱段115和圆锥段116，这样有利于主体11的容纳腔111内的电解液快速并尽可能完全回流至电池壳体内。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，主体11还可以包括方形段和圆锥段，圆锥段位于该方形段的下方，插接口113和调节口114均开设于方形段的远离圆锥段的一端，排气口112开设于圆锥段的锥形端。
参照图4，在本申请的一些实施例中，排气部12的第一端121与排气口112联接时，该排气部12的第一端121插接于排气口112。这样可以使排气部的第一端与排气口联接更加紧密，进而能够避免电池壳体内的电解液被进一步带出，从而降低电解液的损失。
参照图5，待化成气基本排出后，排气部12的第一端121与排气口112脱离，此时，存储于容纳腔111内的电解液可经排气口112重新返回至电池内。
此外，在上述实施例中，排气部12的第一端121与排气口112的脱 离或联接，能够及时将电池化成过程中所产生的气体排出，避免电极极片出现黑斑和析锂等形象。同时，还能够降低电解液的损失，从而实现改善电池的电化学性能的目的。
继续参照图5，在本申请的一些实施例中，排气部12的第一端121的外壁与排气口112的内壁密封配合，能够有利于形成唯一的气体排出通道，提高化成气的排出效果。同时，还能够提高化成气的排出速率。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，排气部12的第一端121可经排气口112伸出主体11，以用于伸入电池的壳体，并且伸入电池壳体的部分排气部12的长度小于电池壳体内电解液液面与电池壳体顶部之间的距离，这样能够进一步快速地将电池壳体内的气体排出，防止气体残留在电池内使电极极片出现黑斑和析锂的现象而影响电池的电化学性能。
在本申请的一些实施例中，排气口112和插接口113相对设置，这样能够有利于排气部12经过插接口113与排气口112的联接的同时，还有利于形成直接的、最短距离的排气通道，提高化成气的排出效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，排气部12为中空的杆体，该杆体结构简单，且容易获取，成本低，从而能够降低排气装置10的制造成本。
基于本申请的同一发明构思，本申请还提供了一种化成系统，该化成系统包括上述任一实施例中的排气装置10。
在本申请的技术方案中，化成系统包括了上述实施例中的排气装置10，该排气装置10包括主体11及排气部12。主体11具有容纳腔111，且该主体11开设有与容纳腔111连通的排气口112和插接口113，排气口111用于与电池的壳体连接。排气部12具有自第一端121贯通至第二端122的排气通道，排气部12的第一端121经插接口113伸入至容纳腔111，排气部12可沿插接口113移动，以使排气部12的第一端121和排气口112联接或脱离。由于本申请的化成系统包括上述排气装置10，因此， 该化成系统也能够降低电池化成过程中电解液损失的同时，还能够及时将气体排出，避免电极极片出现黑斑和析锂等形象，从而实现改善电池的电化学性能的目的。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上述化成系统还包括压力调节装置，该压力调节装置与排气部12和/或容纳腔111连接。该压力调节装置可以提高电池化成过程中所产生气体的排出速率，进而实现提高电池的化成速率。
在本申请提供的实施例中，对压力调节装置不做具体限制，可以是本领域技术人员所熟知的任何压力调节设备。示例性的，在本申请的一些具体的实施例中，上述压力调节装置可以为真空泵。
接下来对化成系统的具体使用步骤进行详细的说明。
电池在化成过程的前期，使用化成系统对于电池中的电芯进行初步抽气，即排气部12的第一端与排气口112脱离，利用真空泵对主体11的容纳腔111进行降压处理，使容纳腔111内形成负压，以将电芯化成过程中产生的气体和部分电解液抽入至容纳腔111内。
当容纳腔111内的电解液待达到一定量，停止化成，即不产生气体，使用排气部12经过插接口113伸入主体11内，并与排气口112密封配合，然后使用真空泵与排气部12的第二端122连接，以实现除去电池内的气体，保证电极材料表面形成SEI膜。
待电极材料表面形成SEI膜后，将排气部12与排气口112脱离，使容纳腔11内形成正压，促使电解液回流电芯内。如此往复，使得化成充电过程抽气和回流的电解液分别处于不同的路径，避免了气体流出至外部时带走部分电解液，从而达到及时排出大量的气体的同时，还能够降低电解液损失量。
以下通过具体实施例进行进一步说明本申请的化成系统的具体有益 效果。
产品A化成产气高达～10L，采用本申请提供的排气装置10，将产品A的电芯注液浸润后，开始化成，在化成至3.9V～4.5V阶段，采用间隔抽负压，即容纳腔11内的排气部12的第一端121与排气口112脱离(脱离10min)和排气部12的第一端121与排气口112密封配合(密封配合1min)，化成6h后，电芯内无残留气体，且电极极片界面无黑斑和析锂现象的出现，同时电解液损失量降低了90％左右。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于电池化成的排气装置，包括：
    主体，所述主体具有容纳腔，所述主体开设有与所述容纳腔连通的排气口和插接口，所述排气口用于与电池的壳体连接；
    排气部，所述排气部具有自第一端贯通至第二端的排气通道，所述排气部的第一端经所述插接口伸入至所述容纳腔，所述排气部可沿所述插接口移动，以使所述排气部的第一端与所述排气口联接或脱离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的排气装置，其中，所述排气部的第一端与所述排气口联接时，所述排气部的第一端插接于所述排气口。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的排气装置，其中，所述排气部的第一端的外壁与所述排气口的内壁密封配合。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的排气装置，其中，所述排气部的第一端可经所述排气口伸出所述主体，以用于伸入所述电池的壳体。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的排气装置，其中，所述主体还开设有与所述容纳腔连通的调节口，所述调节口用于调节所述容纳腔内的气压。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的排气装置，其中，所述主体包括圆柱段和圆锥段，所述插接口和所述调节口均开设于所述圆柱段的远离所述圆锥段的一端，所述排气口开设于所述圆锥段的锥形端。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的排气装置，其中，所述排气口和所述插接口相对设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的排气装置，其中，所述排气部为中空的杆体。
  9. 一种化成系统，所述化成系统包括权利要求1-8任一项所述的排气 装置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的化成系统，其中，所述排气装置的所述主体开设有与所述容纳腔连通的调节口；
    所述化成系统还包括压力调节装置，所述压力调节装置与所述调节口连接。
PCT/CN2022/121909 2021-10-11 2022-09-27 用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统 WO2023061218A1 (zh)

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CN216120411U (zh) * 2021-10-11 2022-03-22 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 用于电池化成的排气装置及化成系统

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CN102280604A (zh) * 2005-03-17 2011-12-14 日本电气株式会社 覆膜电气设备及其制造方法
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