WO2023060890A1 - 一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法 - Google Patents

一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法 Download PDF

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WO2023060890A1
WO2023060890A1 PCT/CN2022/092443 CN2022092443W WO2023060890A1 WO 2023060890 A1 WO2023060890 A1 WO 2023060890A1 CN 2022092443 W CN2022092443 W CN 2022092443W WO 2023060890 A1 WO2023060890 A1 WO 2023060890A1
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tailings
strong magnetic
low
grade
wet
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PCT/CN2022/092443
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French (fr)
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陈洲
杨任新
田一安
袁启东
王亚琴
刘军
王炬
张永
李亮
林小凤
葛新锋
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中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司
华唯金属矿产资源高效循环利用国家工程研究中心有限公司
中钢集团马鞍山矿院工程勘察设计有限公司
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Priority to ZA2023/02569A priority Critical patent/ZA202302569B/en
Publication of WO2023060890A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023060890A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of chromite beneficiation, in particular to a method for beneficiation of low-grade chromite, and is particularly suitable for the separation of chromite with a Cr2O3 grade of ⁇ 20%.
  • Chromium is a scarce strategic resource in my country. For a long time, it has mainly relied on imports to solve domestic supply problems, and its dependence on foreign countries has reached more than 90%. With the sustained and rapid development of the national economy, my country's consumption demand for chromite continues to grow, and the gap between supply and demand continues to widen. In order to meet the demand of domestic chromite ore, in recent years, many enterprises have gone abroad to acquire or cooperate in the development of foreign chromite ore resources, but the chromium ore mines purchased have low chromium grade and are difficult to beneficiate.
  • the beneficiation process of chromite mainly adopts single or combined processes such as magnetic separation, gravity separation and flotation after raw ore is directly ground.
  • the ore without pre-selection usually has the problems of high beneficiation cost and large amount of fine-grained tailings.
  • Li Rui Research on the combined magnetic-gravity separation process of a certain chromium ore, "Nonferrous Equipment", 2018(3), 18-22
  • Li Rui proposes a combined magnetic separation-gravity separation method.
  • the ore After the ore is finely ground, it adopts a coarse-fine-sweeping-sweeping strong magnetic separation to obtain a strong magnetic separation coarse concentrate; a strong magnetic sweeping concentrate and a strong magnetic concentration medium ore are respectively treated by a spiral chute, and are obtained after a rough and a sweeping Gravity separation of concentrate, feed ore with a Cr 2 O 3 grade of 19.36%, and finally obtain a chromite concentrate with a Cr 2 O 3 grade of 39.52% and a recovery rate of 76.89%. If the flotation method is used to treat lean chromite ore, there will be disadvantages such as complicated equipment operation, large investment, many types of chemicals, and strong pollution of wastewater.
  • the invention patent with the Chinese patent application number CN201410121123.0 discloses a new process for beneficiation of chromite ore. Grain size, of which +20mm size is obtained by artificial backhand separation or jigging after large pieces of waste rock are thrown out.
  • the scheme adopts manual hand selection, which is labor-intensive for workers; adopts jigging separation, which has complicated production management, high water consumption, and high cost; dry strong magnetic separation can only process coarse-grained grades above 2 mm; For the fine-grained grade below 2mm, spiral chute and shaking table are used for sorting, which has the problems of small equipment processing capacity, large floor space, and high water consumption.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art such as high mineral processing cost, large amount of fine-grained tailings, small equipment processing capacity, large floor area, large water consumption or complicated equipment operation, large investment, many types of chemicals.
  • it provides a beneficiation method of cascaded recovery and staged tailings of low-grade chromite with large system processing capacity, high yield of coarse-grained tailings, strong adaptability, energy saving and environmental protection.
  • the step recovery of a kind of low-grade chromite of the present invention the beneficiation method of segmental tailing adopts following technology:
  • the Cr 2 O 3 grade in the low-grade chromite ore is ⁇ 20.0%; the pressure of the high-pressure roller mill used in the high-pressure roller mill-dry screening operation is 5-10Mpa, and the dry-screen The size of the sieve hole is 2 ⁇ 5mm;
  • step (1) The product under the sieve of step (1) is given to the wet type high-strength magnetic separation operation for pre-selection, obtains the wet-type high-speed magnetic separation pre-selected concentrate, and throws the wet-type high-speed magnetic separation pre-selected tailings;
  • the wet strong magnetic separation operation adopts wet strong magnetic roughing-wet strong magnetic sweeping, and wet strong magnetic roughing and wet strong magnetic sweeping adopt coarse-grained Slon vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator, and the magnetic field strengths are respectively 8000 ⁇ 10500Oe, 12000 ⁇ 15500Oe;
  • the rotary speed of the coarse-grained Slon vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator is 2 to 4 revolutions per minute, and the pulsation frequency is 40 to 80 times per minute;
  • step (3) Feed the wet-type strong magnetic separation pre-selection concentrate in step (2) into the grinding-high-power magnetic separation operation to obtain strong magnetic separation concentrate and throw out strong magnetic separation tailings;
  • the grinding fineness of the grinding operation is -0.076mm 55.0 ⁇ 70.0%%.
  • the strong magnetic separation operation adopts strong magnetic roughing-strong magnetic sweeping, and both strong magnetic Fine-grained Slon vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, the magnetic field strength is 7500-10000Oe, 12000-14500Oe;
  • the rotary speed of the fine-grained Slon vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator is 2 to 4 revolutions per minute, and the pulsation frequency is 40 to 80 times per minute;
  • step (3) Feed the strong magnetic separation concentrate of step (3) into the high-frequency fine sieve operation, the sieve size of the high-frequency fine sieve is 0.076 ⁇ 0.3mm, and the products on the high-frequency fine sieve and the products under the sieve are respectively
  • the spiral chute is used for one coarse separation and one fine separation; the products on the screen are directly discharged from the tailings through the spiral chute, and the spiral chute is selected to obtain the concentrated ore; the products under the screen are passed through the spiral chute.
  • Concentration is obtained by spiral chute concentrated ore, and the discharged spiral chute roughing tailings and spiral chute concentrated tailings are combined and sent to the shaker rougher - shaker sweeping operation, respectively to obtain shaker rougher concentrate, shaker Bed scavenging concentrate, throwing shaking table roughing tailings, shaking table scavenging tailings.
  • the mesh size of the high-frequency fine sieve is generally 0.15-0.3 mm, preferably 0.2-0.3 mm.
  • step (2) of strong magnetic separation tailings (discharged by strong magnetic sweeping), step (4) of the sieve products through spiral chute roughing, spiral The tailings that are directly discharged from the chute, the tailings that are roughed by the shaking table, and the tailings that are swept by the shaking table are combined into the final fine-grained tailings.
  • the present invention adopts a stepwise recovery of low-grade chromite and segmented tailings beneficiation method, which adopts high-pressure roller mill-coarse-grained wet strong magnetic pre-selection-grinding-wet strong magnetic tailings-strong Coarse and finer grading of magnetite concentrate—spiritual chute refinement—medium ore shaking table re-election process to process low-grade chromite has the following advantages:
  • the present invention adopts the beneficiation process of cascade recovery and segmented tailing, which fully embodies the energy-saving beneficiation concept of early harvesting and early throwing, which not only improves the processing capacity of the system, but also greatly reduces the energy consumption of beneficiation.
  • the present invention adopts the high-pressure roller mill as the ultra-fine crushing equipment, which has the advantages of large crushing ratio, low energy consumption, and high content of fine-grained products; the pre-selected tailings can be sold as building materials because of their relatively large particle size.
  • the present invention adopts the pre-selection process of wet strong magnetic one rough and one sweep. Compared with dry strong magnetic or other pre-selection methods, it has the advantages of finer particle size, strong adaptability, high tailing yield and low metal loss rate. ; Since the pre-selected tailings with a production rate of about 22% are thrown out in advance, the amount of subsequent grinding is greatly reduced.
  • Fig. 1 is the coarse-grained pre-selection process flow chart of the ore dressing method of a kind of step recovery of low-grade chromite of the present invention, subsection throwing tail;
  • Fig. 2 is the process flow chart of the coarse-grained pre-selection concentrate grinding process of a kind of cascade recovery of low-grade chromite of the present invention, the ore dressing method of subsection throwing tail;
  • Fig. 3 is the number-quality flow chart of the coarse-grained pre-selection embodiment of the cascade recovery of a kind of low-grade chromite of the present invention, the ore dressing method of subsection throwing tail;
  • Fig. 4 is a quantity-quality flow chart of an example of a coarse-grain pre-selection concentrate grinding process embodiment of a stepwise recovery of low-grade chromite and segmental tailings beneficiation method of the present invention.
  • the object of treatment in this example is a certain chromite ore in China.
  • the results of its chemical multi-element analysis and chromium phase analysis are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
  • phase name Cr 2 O 3 content Distribution rate iron minerals 0.01 0.05 Silicate 0.37 1.90 spinel 19.12 98.05 total 19.50 100.00
  • the chromite is a typical low-grade chromite with a Cr 2 O 3 grade of 19.44%, a high content of impurities such as MgO and SiO 2 , and the chromium is mainly distributed in spinel with a distribution rate of 98.05%. %.
  • the low-grade chromite with a particle size of 0-35mm and a Cr 2 O 3 grade of 19.44% is crushed to 0-3mm in a closed circuit using a high-pressure roller mill.
  • the pressure of the high-pressure roller mill is 8Mpa, and the sieve size is 3mm .
  • the high-pressure roller mill product of step (1) is carried out wet type strong magnetic pre-selection by a coarse-grained Slon vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, and the pre-selection process is a rough and one-sweep operation;
  • the magnetic field strength of the coarse separator is 10000Oe,
  • the rotation speed of the rotary ring is 3 rpm, and the pulse frequency is 60 times/min;
  • the magnetic field strength of the sweeping magnetic separator is 14000Oe, the rotary speed is 3 rpm, and the pulse frequency is 60 times/min;
  • the concentrates were combined as pre-selected concentrates, with a yield of 77.75% and a Cr 2 O 3 grade of 23.23%, and a pre-selected tailings yield of 22.25% and a Cr 2 O 3 grade of 6.17%.
  • step (3) Grind the pre-selected concentrate in step (2) and use a fine-grained Slon vertical ring pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to perform a rough and a sweeping separation, and combine the roughing concentrate and the sweeping concentrate to obtain a strong magnetic Concentrate; Grinding fineness is -0.076mm 60%, the magnetic field strength of the roughing magnetic separator is 8000Oe, the rotation speed of the rotary ring is 3 rpm, and the pulse frequency is 60 times/min; the magnetic field strength of the sweeping magnetic separator is 14000Oe , the rotation speed of the rotary ring is 3 revolutions per minute, and the pulse frequency is 60 times per minute; the Cr 2 O 3 grade of the strong magnetic concentrate is 29.65%, and the Cr 2 O 3 grade of the strong magnetic scavenging tailings is 6.68%.
  • step (3) the strong magnetic concentrate of step (3) is classified by a high-frequency fine sieve with a sieve size of 0.1mm, and the product on the screen and the product under the screen are individually selected in a spiral chute, coarse and fine, and the spiral chute of the product under the screen After the roughing and concentrated tailings are combined, roughing is carried out on the shaking table, and the middle ore which is roughly selected by the shaking table is swept by the shaking table.

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Abstract

一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，具体为高圧辊磨—粗粒湿式强磁预选—磨矿—湿式强磁抛尾—强磁精矿粗细分级—螺旋溜槽提精—中矿摇床再选的工艺流程，采用高压辊磨机作为超细碎设备，具有破碎比大、能耗低、产品细粒级含量高等特点；预选尾矿由于粒度相对较大，可以作为建材产品销售；采用湿式强磁一粗一扫的预选流程，处理粒度细、适应性强、抛尾产率大、金属损失率低。用于处理Cr 2O 3品位19.44％的低品位铬铁矿，可获得Cr 2O 3品位43.87％、Cr 2O 3回收率67.28％的铬精矿，具有系统处理能力大、粗粒抛尾产率大、适应性强且节能环保的优点。

Description

一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法 技术领域
本发明属于铬铁矿选矿技术领域，具体涉及一种低品位铬铁矿的选矿方法，特别适合于Cr 2O 3品位≤20％的铬铁矿的分选。
背景技术
铬是我国稀缺的战略资源，长期以来主要依靠进口解决国内供应问题，对外依存度高达90％以上。随着国民经济持续快速发展，我国对铬铁矿的消费需求持续增长，供需差距不断扩大。为满足国内铬铁矿的需求，近年来，许多企业走出国门收购或合作开发国外铬矿资源，但收购的铬铁矿矿山铬品位低、选矿难度大。
目前，铬铁矿的选矿工艺主要采用原矿直接磨矿后经磁选、重选、浮选等单一或联合工艺进行选别。矿石未经预选通常存在选矿成本高、细粒尾矿量大的问题。如李锐(某铬矿磁－重联合选矿工艺研究，《有色设备》，2018(3)，18-22)提出了磁选-重选联合方法。矿石经细磨后采用一粗一精一扫强磁选，获得强磁选粗精矿；强磁扫选精矿和强磁精选中矿分别采用螺旋溜槽处理，经一粗一扫后获得重选精矿，给矿Cr 2O 3品位19.36％，最终获得了Cr 2O 3品位39.52％,回收率76.89％的铬铁精矿。若采用浮选方法处理贫铬铁矿，则又会存在设备操作复杂、投资较大、药剂种类多、废水污染性强等缺点。如《国外选矿快报》1996年第23期发表的“浮选细粒铬铁矿尾矿的新技术”中提到采用自由喷射浮选和浮选柱浮选的联合流程对-0.1mm的细粒尾矿进行了中试试验，依次加入调整剂水玻璃，捕收剂改进脂肪酸，在pH＝11的情况下浮选，给矿Cr2O3品位12.53％，可获得Cr 2O 3品位48.54％，回收率56.30％的精矿。
对于某些低品位铬铁矿亦会采用干式强磁预选进行提前抛尾，但该方法通常对块矿效果较好而对于粉矿效果较差，特别是且当矿石含 水含泥量大时，其预选效果将急剧下降。如中国专利申请号为CN201410121123.0的发明专利，公开了一种铬铁矿石的选矿新工艺，采用以下工艺步骤：铬铁矿石经破碎后，筛分分级为+20mm粒级、-20mm粒级，其中+20mm粒级采用人工反手选或跳汰选抛出大块废石后获得块精矿。将-20mm粒级窄级别筛分分级出四个粒级：20～15mm、15～6mm、6～2mm、2～0mm；对20～15mm、15～6mm、6～2mm三个粒级采用永磁辊式强磁选机进行干式强磁选；对2～0mm粒级进一步筛分分级为2～0.8mm、0.8～0mm两个粒级，对2～0.8mm粒级采用摇床重选获得摇床重选精矿，对0.8～0mm粒级采用螺旋溜槽、摇床重选联合流程获得细粒重选精矿。该方案采用人工手选，工人的劳动强度大；采用跳汰分选，其生产管理较复杂、水耗较大、成本较高；采用干式强磁选只能处理2mm以上的粗粒级；对于2mm以下的细粒级采用螺旋溜槽和摇床分选，存在设备处理能力小、占地面积大、水耗较大的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对现有技术中存在的选矿成本高、细粒尾矿量大、设备处理能力小、占地面积大、水耗较大或者设备操作复杂、投资较大、药剂种类多、废水污染性强等问题，而提供一种系统处理能力大、粗粒抛尾产率大、适应性强且节能环保的低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法。用该方法处理Cr 2O 3品位19％左右的低品位铬铁矿，可获产率约30％、Cr 2O 3品位约43％、总回收率约66％的合格铬精矿。
为实现本发明的上述目的，本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法采用以下工艺：
(1)将低品位铬铁矿经过破碎至粒度35～0mm后给入高压辊磨－干式筛分作业，获得筛下产物，干式筛分的筛上部分返回高压辊磨；
所述的低品位铬铁矿中Cr 2O 3品位≤20.0％；所述的高压辊磨－干式筛分作业中采用的高压辊磨机的压力为5～10Mpa，所述的干式筛分的筛孔尺寸为2～5mm；
(2)步骤(1)之筛下产物给入湿式强磁选作业进行预选，获得湿式强磁选预选精矿，抛出湿式强磁选预选尾矿；
所述的湿式强磁选作业采用湿式强磁粗选－湿式强磁扫选，湿式强磁粗选、湿式强磁扫选均采用粗粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机，磁场强度分别为8000～10500Oe、12000～15500Oe；
所述的粗粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机的转环转速为2～4转/分钟，脉动频率为40～80次/分钟；
(3)将步骤(2)之湿式强磁选预选精矿给入磨矿－强磁选作业，获得强磁选精矿，抛出强磁选尾矿；
所述的磨矿作业的磨矿细度为-0.076mm 55.0～70.0％％，所述的强磁选作业采用强磁粗选－强磁扫选，强磁粗选、强磁扫选均采用细粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机，磁场强度分别为7500～10000Oe、12000～14500Oe；
所述的细粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机的转环转速为2～4转/分钟，脉动频率为40～80次/分钟；
(4)将步骤(3)之强磁选精矿给入高频细筛作业，所述的高频细筛筛孔尺寸为0.076～0.3mm，高频细筛筛上产品、筛下产品分别单独进行螺旋溜槽一粗一精选别；筛上产品经过螺旋溜槽粗选、螺旋溜槽精选分别直接排出尾矿，并获得螺旋溜槽精选精矿；筛下产品经过螺旋溜槽粗选、螺旋溜槽精选获得螺旋溜槽精选精矿，排出的螺旋溜槽粗选尾矿、螺旋溜槽精选尾矿合并后给入摇床粗选－摇床扫选作业，分别获得摇床粗选精矿、摇床扫选精矿，抛出摇床粗选尾矿、摇床扫选尾矿。所述的高频细筛筛孔尺寸一般为0.15～0.3mm，以0.2～0.3mm范围为佳。
需要注意的是，用于筛上产品、筛下产品的螺旋溜槽的型号有所不同，根据处理的物料粒度，分别选择不同型号的螺旋溜槽。
所述的螺旋溜槽精选精矿、摇床粗选精矿、摇床扫选精矿合并后为最终铬铁矿精矿；步骤(2)中抛出的湿式强磁选预选尾矿，由于粒度粗，可以根据市场需要进行分级获得不同粒度的建材产品；步骤(2)之强磁选尾矿(通过强磁扫选排出)、步骤(4)之筛上产品经过螺旋溜槽粗选、螺旋溜槽精选分别直接排出的尾矿以及摇床粗选尾矿、摇床扫选尾矿合并为最终细粒尾矿。
与现有技术相比，本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，采用高圧辊磨—粗粒湿式强磁预选—磨矿—湿式强磁抛尾—强磁精矿粗细分级—螺旋溜槽提精—中矿摇床再选的工艺流程处理低品位铬铁矿，具有如下优点：
(1)本发明采用梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿工艺，充分体现了能收早收、能抛早抛的节能选矿理念，不仅提高了系统的处理能力，且大大降低了选矿能耗。
(2)本发明采用高压辊磨机作为超细碎设备，具有破碎比大、能耗低、产品细粒级含量高等优点；预选尾矿由于粒度相对较大，可以作为建材产品销售。
(3)本发明采用湿式强磁一粗一扫的预选流程，与干式强磁或其它预选方法相比，具有处理粒度细、适应性强、抛尾产率大、金属损失率低的优点；由于提前抛出产率约22％的预选尾矿，大大减少了后续磨矿量。
(4)预选精矿磨矿后采用强磁选抛尾，可有效减少后续给重选作业的处理矿量。
(5)采用细筛分级可有效提高重选的分选效果，使粗粒级产品只采用螺旋溜槽就能获得合格的精矿和尾矿，减少了占地面积大、处理能力低的摇床使用量。
(6)整个工艺过程采用绿色环保的磁选和重选作业，无有害废水、废气产生。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法之粗粒预选工艺流程图；
图2为本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法之粗粒预选精矿磨选工艺流程图；
图3为本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法之粗粒预选实施例的数质量流程图；
图4为本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法之粗粒预选精矿磨选工艺实施例的数质量流程图。
具体实施方式
为描述本发明，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法做进一步详细说明。
本实施例中的处理对象是西藏某铬铁矿，其化学多元素分析和铬物相分析结果见表1和表2。
表1某铬铁矿化学多元素分析结果(％)
元素名称 Cr 2O 3 Fe 2O 3 CaO MgO SiO 2 Al 2O 3
含量 19.44 9.28 0.738 35.32 26.55 3.92
元素名称 TiO 2 V 2O 5 MnO K 2O Na 2O NiO
含量 0.069 0.045 0.133 0.016 <0.005 0.361
元素名称 CuO ZnO S P    
含量 0.034 0.015 0.017 0.008    
表2某铬铁矿铬物相分析结果(％)
相名 Cr 2O 3含量 分布率
铁矿物 0.01 0.05
硅酸盐 0.37 1.90
尖晶石 19.12 98.05
合计 19.50 100.00
分析表明：该铬铁矿属典型的低品位铬铁矿，其Cr 2O 3品位为19.44％，MgO和SiO 2等杂质含量较高，铬主要分布在尖晶石中，其分布率达98.05％。
由图1所示的本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法之粗粒预选工艺流程图、图2所示的本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法之粗粒预选精矿磨选工艺流程图并结合图3、图4可以看出，本发明一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，在实施例中按照以下工艺、步骤实施：
(1)将粒度为0～35mm、Cr 2O 3品位为19.44％的低品位铬铁矿采用高压辊磨机闭路破碎至0～3mm，高压辊磨机的压力为8Mpa，筛孔尺寸为3mm。
(2)将步骤(1)的高压辊磨产品采用粗粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机进行湿式强磁预选，预选流程为一粗一扫作业；粗选磁选机磁场强度为10000Oe，转环转速为3转/分钟，脉动频率为60次/分钟；扫选磁选机磁场强度为14000Oe，转环转速为3转/分钟，脉动频率为60次/分钟；将粗选和扫选精矿合并作为预选精矿，其产率为77.75％、Cr 2O 3品位为23.23％，预选尾矿产率为22.25％、Cr 2O 3品位为6.17％。
(3)将步骤(2)的预选精矿进行磨矿后采用细粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机进行一粗一扫选别，将粗选精矿和扫选精矿合并得到强磁精矿；磨矿细度为-0.076mm 60％，粗选磁选机磁场强度为8000Oe，转环转速为3转/分钟，脉动频率为60次/分钟；扫选磁选机磁场强度为14000Oe，转环转速为3转/分钟，脉动频率为60次/分钟；强磁精矿Cr 2O 3品位为29.65％，强磁扫选尾矿Cr 2O 3品位为6.68％。
(4)将步骤(3)的强磁精矿采用筛孔尺寸为0.1mm的高频细筛分级，筛上产品和筛下产品单独进行螺旋溜槽一粗一精选别，筛下产 品的螺旋粗选和精选尾矿合并后进行摇床粗选，摇床粗选的中矿再进行摇床扫选。
(5)将所有螺旋溜槽和摇床的精矿合并得到最终精矿，其相对磨选给矿的产率为38.53％(相对原矿产率为29.96％)、Cr 2O 3品位为43.87％、Cr 2O 3回收率为72.39％(相对原矿回收率为67.28％)；将细粒强磁扫选尾矿、筛上产品的螺旋溜槽粗选和精选尾矿、摇床粗选和扫选尾矿合并得到磨选尾矿，其相对磨选给矿的产率为61.47％、Cr 2O 3品位为10.47％。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，其特征在于采用以下工艺：
    (1)将低品位铬铁矿经过破碎后给入高压辊磨－干式筛分作业，获得筛下产物，干式筛分的筛上部分返回高压辊磨；
    (2)步骤(1)之筛下产物给入湿式强磁选作业进行预选，获得湿式强磁选预选精矿，抛出湿式强磁选预选尾矿；
    (3)将步骤(2)之湿式强磁选预选精矿给入磨矿－强磁选作业，获得强磁选精矿，抛出强磁选尾矿；
    (4)将步骤(3)之强磁选精矿给入高频细筛作业，高频细筛筛上产品、筛下产品分别单独进行螺旋溜槽一粗一精选别；筛上产品经过螺旋溜槽粗选、螺旋溜槽精选分别直接排出尾矿，并获得螺旋溜槽精选精矿；筛下产品经过螺旋溜槽粗选、螺旋溜槽精选获得螺旋溜槽精选精矿，排出的螺旋溜槽粗选尾矿、螺旋溜槽精选尾矿合并后给入摇床粗选－摇床扫选作业，分别获得摇床粗选精矿、摇床扫选精矿，抛出摇床粗选尾矿、摇床扫选尾矿。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中，所述的高压辊磨－干式筛分作业中采用的高压辊磨机的压力为5～10Mpa，所述的干式筛分的筛孔尺寸为2～5mm。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)中，所述的湿式强磁选作业采用湿式强磁粗选－湿式强磁扫选，湿式强磁粗选、湿式强磁扫选均采用粗粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机，磁场强度分别为8000～10500Oe、12000～15500Oe。
  4. 如权利要求1、2或3所述的一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中，所述的磨矿作业 的磨矿细度为-0.076mm 55.0～70.0％％，所述的强磁选作业采用强磁粗选－强磁扫选，强磁粗选、强磁扫选均采用细粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机，磁场强度分别为7500～10000Oe、12000～14500Oe。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，其特征在于：所述的粗粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机的转环转速为2～4转/分钟，脉动频率为40～80次/分钟；所述的细粒Slon立环脉动高梯度磁选机的转环转速为2～4转/分钟，脉动频率为40～80次/分钟。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，其特征在于：步骤(5)中，所述的高频细筛筛孔尺寸为0.076～0.3mm。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种低品位铬铁矿的梯级回收、分段抛尾的选矿方法，其特征在于：所述的低品位铬铁矿中Cr 2O 3品位≤20.0％。
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