WO2023060526A1 - 电池单体及其制造方法、制造装置、电池、用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体及其制造方法、制造装置、电池、用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023060526A1
WO2023060526A1 PCT/CN2021/123964 CN2021123964W WO2023060526A1 WO 2023060526 A1 WO2023060526 A1 WO 2023060526A1 CN 2021123964 W CN2021123964 W CN 2021123964W WO 2023060526 A1 WO2023060526 A1 WO 2023060526A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cap
main body
tab
adapter
battery cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/123964
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金泽林
陈威
裴桐
史东洋
李川
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180088159.1A priority Critical patent/CN116745987A/zh
Priority to EP21960262.0A priority patent/EP4258451A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/123964 priority patent/WO2023060526A1/zh
Priority to JP2023540600A priority patent/JP2024503813A/ja
Priority to KR1020237022003A priority patent/KR20230113607A/ko
Publication of WO2023060526A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023060526A1/zh
Priority to US18/372,137 priority patent/US20240030562A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/049—Processes for forming or storing electrodes in the battery container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
    • H01M50/526—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a battery cell and its manufacturing method, manufacturing device, battery, and electrical device.
  • batteries such as lithium-ion have the advantages of high energy density, high power density, many cycle times, and long storage time, they have been widely used in electric vehicles.
  • the purpose of this application is to improve the battery assembly process.
  • a battery cell including:
  • the housing has a first opening at one end along the first direction
  • the first end cap is used to close the first opening, and the first end cap includes an end cap body and a first electrode terminal arranged on the end cap body;
  • the electrode assembly is arranged in the casing, and the electrode assembly includes a main body and a first tab drawn from the main body;
  • the first adapter includes a first part, a second part and a third part.
  • the first part is located on the side where the main body leads out of the first tab and is electrically connected to the first tab.
  • the second part is located on the main body close to the first tab.
  • One side of an end cover is connected to the first part, the first end of the third part along the second direction is connected to the side end of the second part along the second direction, at least part of the third part is located between the second part and the end cover
  • the bodies are electrically connected to each other and to the first electrode terminals, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the third part by extending the third part from the second part, when the third part is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal, there is an included angle between the third part and the second part,
  • the area where the angle is located forms an operating space for connecting the third part and the first electrode terminal, which can improve the convenience of assembly and improve the reliability of electrical connection.
  • the third part After the third part is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal, directly bend the third part together with the first end cover around the rotation axis towards the direction close to the second part, so that the first end cover can close the first opening. Therefore, this structure can skillfully realize the electrical connection between the third part and the first electrode terminal and the assembly of the first end cap.
  • firstly putting the electrode assembly into the casing and then installing the first end cap can also easily ensure the matching accuracy between the first end cap and the first opening, preventing the gap between the first end cap and the casing, and between the electrode assembly and the casing. There is a large force between the bodies, and the assembly performance is optimized, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the battery cells.
  • the first end cover can be installed last during assembly to solve the problem that the third part cannot be realized at the same time.
  • the second direction coincides with the thickness direction of the electrode assembly.
  • the first end cover when the third part and the first end cover are bent towards the direction close to the second part around the rotation axis, the first end cover can be rotated to close the first opening based on its longer side, which can reduce the size of the second part.
  • the radius of rotation of one end cover reduces misalignment and shaking during rotation, makes the first end cover accurately match the first opening, and ensures the consistency of the gap between the first end cover and the first opening in the entire circumferential direction , improving the welding effect between the first end cover and the shell.
  • the first tab is led out from a side end of the main body along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.
  • the first tab is arranged on the side of the main body adjacent to the first end cover, and when the first tab and the first electrode terminal are electrically connected to the first adapter, an independent operating space can be provided. , easy to assemble, and conducive to ensuring the reliability of electrical connections.
  • the first part and the second part are located on two adjacent sides of the main part, forming an L-shaped structure; and there is an angle between the third part and the second part before assembly, such as being perpendicular to each other, and the third part is located on the second The side end of the part along the second direction can improve the overall rigidity of the first adapter part, and the second part is not easily deformed during the placement, transfer or assembly of parts.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a second tab drawn from the main body, the first tab and the second tab have opposite polarities, and are drawn from the same side of the main body.
  • This embodiment can reduce the occupied space of the battery cell in the third direction and increase the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the second end of the third part along the second direction is a free end, and the third part is configured to be bent toward the second part together with the first end cap connected thereto, so that the first end cap is closed. Open first.
  • the electrical connection between the third part and the first electrode terminal and the assembly of the first end cap can be realized by bending the third part.
  • the electrode assembly can be put into the casing first and then the first end cover can be installed, which is easy to ensure the matching accuracy between the first end cover and the first opening, and facilitates the welding of the first end cover and the first opening, which can be optimized Assembly performance.
  • the first end cap can be installed last during assembly to solve the problem that the electrical connection between the third part and the first electrode terminal and the assembly of the first end cap cannot be realized at the same time , so that the assembly process is highly versatile for battery cells with different structures.
  • the first part, the second part and the third part are all plate structures, the first part and the second part are arranged vertically, and the second part and the third part are arranged in parallel.
  • the first part and the second part are vertically arranged.
  • the second part can be arranged parallel to the side of the main body facing the first end cap to reduce the second part in the first direction; and, after the third part is bent until the first end cover closes the first opening, the second part and the third part are arranged in parallel, for example, can contact or maintain a small gap, which can The space occupied by the second part in the first direction is further reduced.
  • the position where the second part is connected to the third part is set back by a predetermined distance relative to the outer side of the second part along the second direction.
  • the root position of the third part is retracted by a predetermined distance relative to the outer side of the second part, which can prevent the third part from contacting the shell beyond the outer side of the second part along the second direction after being bent. , to ensure the gap between the assembled electrode assembly and the shell, and the gap between the first end cap and the shell.
  • a weakened area is provided at the connection between the third part and the second part.
  • a weakened area is provided at the junction of the third part and the second part.
  • the third part is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal, it is convenient to direct the third part together with the first end cap toward the side close to the second part.
  • Direction bending during the bending process, it can prevent the connection effect from being affected by extra force on the connection between the first part and the first tab, and it can also prevent the deformation of the first adapter due to the large bending force. Therefore, the bending position of the third part relative to the second part is accurate, the positioning accuracy of the first end cover after the first opening is closed is improved, the gap between the first end cover and the first opening is uniform in the circumferential direction, and the welding effect is improved.
  • the weakened region includes at least one of a reduced-thickness portion and a through-groove extending along a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.
  • the first adapter is formed by stacking multiple layers.
  • the first adapter formed by stacking multiple layer structures can reduce the stiffness of the joint between the second part and the third part, making the third part easier to bend .
  • the other end of the casing along the first direction is provided with a second opening
  • the electrode assembly further includes a second tab drawn from the main body
  • the battery cell further includes:
  • the second end cap is used to close the second opening, and the second end cap includes an end cap body and a second electrode terminal arranged on the end cap body;
  • the second adapter includes a first part and a second part.
  • the first part is located on the side where the main body leads out of the second tab and is electrically connected to the second tab.
  • the second part is located at the side of the main body close to the second end cap. One side is connected to the first part, and the second part is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal.
  • the second electrode terminal can be electrically connected to the second part of the second adapter, and then the first adapter and the second The respective first parts of the adapters are respectively electrically connected to the first lug and the second lug, and then the electrode assembly together with the second end cap is put into the casing from the second opening, and the second end cap is made to close the second opening , and finally the first electrode terminal is electrically connected to the third part, and the first end cover is bent to close the first opening.
  • This structure can smoothly realize the assembly of the battery cells with end caps at both ends, and simplifies the structure of the second adapter.
  • a battery including the battery cell of the above embodiment.
  • an electric device including the battery of the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • a method for manufacturing a battery cell including:
  • a casing an electrode assembly, a first end cover and a first adapter
  • one end of the casing along the first direction is provided with a first opening
  • the first end cover includes an end cover body and a The first electrode terminal on the cover body
  • the electrode assembly includes a main body and the first tab drawn from the main body
  • the first adapter includes a first part, a second part and a third part, the second part and the first part Connecting, the first end of the third part along the second direction is connected to the side end of the second part along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;
  • At least part of the third portion is located between the second portion and the first end cap, and the first end cap closes the first opening.
  • the first electrode terminal when the first electrode terminal is electrically connected to the third part, there is a preset angle between the third part and the second part; wherein, at least part of the third part is located between the second part and the first part. between the end caps, and causing the first end cap to close the first opening comprises:
  • the third part and the first end cap connected thereto are bent towards the second part until the first end cap closes the first opening.
  • a battery cell manufacturing device including:
  • the component supply part is configured to provide a housing, an electrode assembly, a first end cap and a first adapter, where one end of the housing along the first direction is provided with a first opening, and the first end cap includes an end cap body and a The first electrode terminal on the end cap body, the electrode assembly includes a main body and the first tab drawn from the main body, the first adapter includes a first part, a second part and a third part, the second part and the first The first end of the third part along the second direction is connected to the side end of the second part along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;
  • the tab connection part is configured to place the first adapter on the first part on the side where the main body leads out of the first tab, and the second part is located on the side of the main body close to the first end cover, and place the second The first part of an adapter is electrically connected to the first tab;
  • an electrode mounting part configured to place the electrode assembly into the housing from the first opening
  • a terminal connection part configured to electrically connect the third portion of the first adapter with the first electrode terminal
  • the end cap sealing part is configured such that at least part of the third part is located between the second part and the first end cap, and the first end cap closes the first opening.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of some embodiments of the present application in which batteries are installed in vehicles.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of some embodiments of the battery of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of battery cells of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of battery cells of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of some embodiments of battery cells of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of some embodiments of the first adapter in the battery cell of the present application.
  • FIG. 7A , FIG. 7B and FIG. 7C are respectively structural schematic diagrams of three different forms of weak areas provided on the first adapter.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of other embodiments of the first adapter in the battery cell of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an unbent state after the second portion of the first adapter is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the second part of the first adapter after being bent together with the first end cover.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of some embodiments of the battery cell manufacturing method of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the module composition of some embodiments of the battery cell manufacturing device of the present application.
  • connection should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a flexible connection. Disassembled connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • connection should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a flexible connection. Disassembled connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least some of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the occurrences of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood explicitly and implicitly by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including multiple battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • the battery cells mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., which are not included in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a current battery cell generally includes a case and an electrode assembly accommodated in the case, and the case is filled with electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is mainly formed by stacking or winding a first pole piece and a second pole piece with opposite polarities, and a diaphragm is usually arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the part of the first pole piece and the second pole piece coated with the active material constitutes the main body of the electrode assembly, and the part of the first pole piece and the second pole piece not coated with the active material constitutes the first tab and the second tab respectively.
  • the first pole piece can be a first pole piece, including a positive electrode current collector and positive active material layers arranged on both sides of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, for example, and the positive electrode active material can be, for example, Lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.; the second pole piece can be the second pole piece, including the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode active material layer arranged on both sides of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode current collector.
  • the material of the negative electrode can be copper, for example, and the negative electrode active material can be graphite or silicon, for example.
  • the first tab and the second tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs are connected to the terminals to form a current loop.
  • an electrode terminal is provided on each end cap. , and put it into the housing to close the end cover, the assembly of the other end cover and the welding of the electrode terminals on it and the corresponding adapter cannot be realized at the same time.
  • the inventor intends to improve the battery cell to further improve the assembly performance of the battery cell, and to make this assembly method more versatile for different battery cells.
  • the battery of the present application can be used in electric devices, which can provide electric energy for electric devices.
  • the devices can be mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, etc., for example, spacecraft Including airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc.
  • Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • Electric tools include metal cutting electric toys Tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers.
  • the electrical device can be a vehicle 200, such as a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc.; or the electrical device can also be a drone or a ship, etc. .
  • the vehicle 200 may include an axle 201, a wheel 202 connected to the axle 201, a motor 203, a controller 204 and a battery 100, the motor 203 is used to drive the axle 201 to rotate, and the controller 204 is used to control the operation of the motor 203,
  • the battery 100 can be installed at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 200 to provide electric energy for the motor 203 and other components in the vehicle.
  • the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 10 , wherein the plurality of battery cells 10 may be connected in series or in parallel or in parallel. the mix of.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of the battery 100 of the present application, and the battery 100 may include a housing assembly 101 and at least one battery unit 100'.
  • the inside of the casing assembly 101 is a hollow structure, and at least one battery unit 100' is accommodated in the casing assembly 101.
  • housing assembly 101 may include two parts, referred to herein as case 101A and cover 101B, respectively.
  • the box body 101A and the cover body 101B are fastened together.
  • both the box body 101A and the cover body 101B can be hollow cuboids and each has only one surface as an opening surface.
  • a box with a closed chamber may also be that the box 101A is a cuboid with an opening and the cover 101B is a plate, or the cover 101B is a cuboid with an opening and the box 101A is a plate, and the box 101A and the cover 101B are arranged oppositely and snapped together.
  • a box is formed with a closed chamber.
  • a plurality of battery cells 10 are connected in parallel, in series or mixed, and placed in a closed chamber formed by fastening the box body 101A and the cover body 101B.
  • each battery unit 100' may include a plurality of battery cells 10 arranged side by side and electrically connected to each other, for example, the plurality of battery cells 10 may be arranged side by side along the second direction y.
  • the battery cell 10 includes a casing 1 and a first end cover 2 and a second end cover 2' respectively arranged at both ends of the casing 1 along a first direction x, and the first direction x is perpendicular to the second direction y.
  • the angle in the figure can only show the first end cap 2, the first end cap 2 includes the end cap body 21 and the first electrode terminal 22 arranged on the end cap body 21, the second end cap 2 includes the end cap body 21 and the device In the second electrode terminal 22 ′ on the end cap body 21 , the first electrode terminal 22 and the second electrode terminal 22 ′ have opposite polarities.
  • the housing 1 is only provided with the first end cover 2 at one end along the first direction x, and the first electrode terminal 22 and the second electrode terminal 22' are provided on the end cover at the same time.
  • the battery cell 100' Since the battery cell 100' is not provided with the first electrode terminal 22 and the second electrode terminal 22' in the plane perpendicular to the third direction z, the third direction z is perpendicular to the first direction x and the second direction y, the battery cell 100' Both sides along the third direction y can be provided with thermal management components 102 for temperature regulation through the two opposite sides of the battery unit 100 ′ at the same time, which can improve the temperature regulation efficiency. For example, when the battery 100 works for a long time, this structure can improve the heat dissipation performance of the battery 100 and prevent heat dissipation bottlenecks during long-time high-power operation.
  • the thermal management component 102 is used to contain a fluid to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 100'.
  • the fluid here can be liquid or gas, and regulating temperature refers to heating or cooling multiple battery cells.
  • the thermal management component 102 is used to contain cooling fluid to reduce the temperature of multiple battery cells.
  • the thermal management component 102 can also be called a cooling component, a cooling system or The cooling plate and the like, the fluid contained therein may also be referred to as cooling medium or cooling fluid, more specifically, may be referred to as cooling liquid or cooling gas.
  • the thermal management component 102 can also be used for heating to raise the temperature of multiple battery cells, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the fluid may circulate in order to achieve a better effect of temperature regulation.
  • the fluid may be water, a mixture of water and glycol, or air.
  • the thermal management component 102 may include: a base plate 1021 and a heat exchange tube 1022 disposed on the base plate 1021.
  • the heat exchange tube 1022 covers the entire surface of the battery unit 100' in a continuous S-shape or other extending paths to achieve optimal heat transfer effect.
  • a channel for fluid flow is formed in the heat exchange tube 1022 , and the two ends of the heat exchange tube 1022 serve as an inlet 1022A and an outlet 1022B of the heat exchange fluid respectively.
  • the thermal management component 102 may include: a substrate 1021 , and a heat exchange channel for fluid flow is arranged in the substrate 1021 .
  • the temperature of the thermal management component 102 can also be adjusted by controlling the conductive component.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of some embodiments of a battery cell 10 of the present application.
  • the battery cell 10 includes: a casing 1 , a first end cover 2 , an electrode assembly 3 and a first adapter 4 .
  • the first end cap 2 is used to close the first opening 11 , and the first end cap 2 includes an end cap body 21 and a first electrode terminal 22 disposed on the end cap body 21 .
  • the electrode assembly 3 is arranged in the housing 1 , and the electrode assembly 3 includes a main body 31 and a first tab 32 drawn out from the main body 31 .
  • the first adapter 4 includes a first part 41, a second part 42 and a third part 43.
  • the first part 41 is located on the side where the main part 31 leads out of the first tab 32 and is electrically connected to the first tab 32.
  • the second part 42 is located on the side of the main body 31 close to the first end cover 2 and connected to the first part 41, and the first end of the third part 43 along the second direction y is connected to the side of the second part 42 along the second direction y.
  • At least part of the third portion 43 is located between the second portion 42 and the end cap body 21 and is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 22 , wherein the second direction y is perpendicular to the first direction x.
  • the casing 1 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 3, the casing 1 may be a hollow structure with a first opening 11 provided at one end, and is closed by a first end cap 2; or the casing 1 may also be provided with two ends respectively With the hollow structure of the first opening 11 and the second opening 11', the first opening 11 is closed by the first end cover 2, and the second opening 11' is closed by the second end cover 2'.
  • the housing 1 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the housing 1 can be in the shape of a cuboid or the like.
  • the first end cover 2 is a component that covers the first opening 11 of the housing 1 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the first end cover 2 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 1 , for example, the housing 1 is a cuboid structure, and the first end cover 2 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure adapted to the housing 1 .
  • the material of the first end cover 2 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the material of the first end cover 2 and the material of the housing 1 can be the same or different.
  • the electrode assembly 3 is a part where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 10 , and the electrode assembly 3 may be a rectangular parallelepiped or the like.
  • the electrode assembly 3 may include a first pole piece, a second pole piece and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 3 may be a winding structure formed by winding the first pole piece, the separator and the second pole piece.
  • the winding structure may include two flat surfaces S1 and two arcuate surfaces S2, and the two flat surfaces S1 are along the The second direction y is opposite to each other, and the flat plane S1 is perpendicular to the second direction y. Two ends of the arc surface S2 are respectively connected to ends of the two flat planes S1 on the same side.
  • the electrode assembly 3 may also be a stacked structure formed by stacking the first pole piece, the separator and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece can be a positive pole piece, including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the positive electrode current collector, and the part of the first pole piece not coated with the positive electrode active material layer forms a first tab 32.
  • the second pole piece can be a negative pole piece, including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the negative electrode current collector, and the part of the second pole piece that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer forms a second tab 32 ', the first tab 32 and the second tab 32' have opposite polarities.
  • the part of the first pole piece except the first tab 32 and the part of the second pole piece except the second tab 32' form the main body part 31 after being wound or laminated.
  • the first adapter 4 is used to electrically connect the first tab 32 with the first electrode terminal 22 , which is made of conductive material and can be formed by cutting and bending a thin plate.
  • the first part 41 is located on the side where the main body part 31 leads out from the first tab 32 and is electrically connected to the first tab 32 , for example, by welding.
  • the second portion 42 is located on the side of the main body 31 close to the first end cap 2 , specifically, the second portion 42 is arranged perpendicular to the first direction x, and the second portion 42 is connected to the first portion 41 .
  • the first end of the third part 43 along the second direction y is connected to the side end of the second part 42 along the second direction y.
  • the side ends where the parts 43 are connected are adjacent.
  • the side end of the second part 42 connected to the first part 41 and the side end connected to the third part 43 may also be oppositely arranged.
  • the first part 41 , the second part 42 and the third part 43 can all have a rectangular structure.
  • the third part 43 is configured to be bendable relative to the second part 42 under the action of an external force, and the connecting edge between the third part 43 and the second part 42 serves as shaft.
  • the third portion 43 can be connected to the second portion.
  • firstly putting the electrode assembly 3 into the casing 1 and then installing the first end cap 2 is also easy to ensure the matching accuracy between the first end cap 2 and the first opening 11, and prevents the gap between the first end cap 2 and the casing 1. Larger forces appear between the electrode assembly 3 and the casing 1 , and the assembly performance is optimized, thereby improving the performance and working reliability of the battery cell 10 .
  • the first end cover 2 can be installed last during assembly. , to solve the problem that the electrical connection between the third part 43 and the first electrode terminal 22 and the assembly of the first end cap 2 cannot be achieved at the same time. Therefore, this assembly method can be applied to battery cells 10 of different structures, without special matching of the structure of the battery cells 10 and the assembly process, and has strong versatility.
  • the first end cover 2 is arranged at the end of the casing 1 along the first direction, which can Avoiding the extra space occupied by the first electrode terminal 22 in the third direction z can improve the utilization rate of the battery cell 10 in the third direction z and increase the energy density of the battery cell 10 .
  • the second direction y is consistent with the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 3 .
  • the thickness direction is the direction perpendicular to the flat plane S1; for the laminated electrode assembly 3, its thickness direction is the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • One electrode assembly 3 can be provided; or several can be stacked along the second direction y.
  • the first part 41 is provided with a positioning groove at the middle position along the second direction y. 411.
  • the third part 43 can be arranged facing the first electrode terminal 22 along the first direction x, the extension length of the second part 42 along the third direction z can be designed according to the installation position of the third part 43, and the second part 42 is far away from the first
  • the end of the portion 41 may be flush with the third portion 43 or beyond the third portion 43 .
  • the first end cover 2 when the third part 43 and the first end cover 2 are bent around the rotation axis towards the direction close to the second part 42, the first end cover 2 can be rotated to close the first opening 11 based on its longer side. , can reduce the radius of rotation of the first end cover 2, reduce misalignment and shaking during the rotation process, make the first end cover 2 accurately match the first opening 11, and ensure that the first end cover 2 and the first The uniformity of the clearance of the opening 11 in the entire circumferential direction improves the welding effect between the first end cover 2 and the housing 1 .
  • the size of the electrode assembly 3 in the thickness direction is relatively small, and the size of the second portion 42 along the second direction y is correspondingly small, so that the second portion 42 is not easily deformed when the third portion 43 is bent.
  • this structure can flexibly design the position where the third part 43 is connected to the side end of the second part 42 to adapt to the position of the first electrode terminal 22 .
  • the first tab 32 is drawn out from the side end of the main body 31 along the third direction z, and the third direction z is perpendicular to the first direction x and the second direction y.
  • the first tab 32 is located at one end of the main body part 31 along the first direction x.
  • the first tab 32 is led out from the side end of the main body 31 along the third direction z.
  • the winding axis is set along the third direction. This structure can make the electrode assembly 3
  • the ends are all immersed in the electrolyte, so that the first pole piece and the second pole piece are uniformly soaked in the electrolyte throughout the entire extension length, ensuring the electrochemical performance of the electrode assembly 3 , thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 10 .
  • the first tab 32 is provided on the side of the main body 31 adjacent to the first end cover 2.
  • the first tab 32 and the first electrode terminal 22 are electrically connected to the first adapter 4, It can have an independent operating space, which is convenient for assembly and helps to ensure the reliability of electrical connection.
  • the first part 41 and the second part 42 are located on two adjacent sides of the main body part 31, forming an L-shaped structure; and there is an angle between the third part 43 and the second part 42 before assembly, such as being perpendicular to each other, the second The third part 43 is located at the side end of the second part 42 along the second direction y, which can improve the overall rigidity of the first adapter part 4 , and the second part 42 is not easily deformed during parts placement, transfer or assembly.
  • the electrode assembly 3 further includes a second tab 32 ′ drawn out from the main body 31 , the first tab 32 and the second tab 32 ′ have opposite polarities, and are drawn out from the same side of the main body 31 .
  • This embodiment can reduce the occupied space of the battery cell 10 in the third direction z, and increase the energy density of the battery cell 10 .
  • the second end of the third portion 43 along the second direction y is a free end, and the third portion 43 is configured to face the second portion together with the first end cap 2 connected thereto. 42 is bent so that the first end cap 2 closes the first opening 11 .
  • the third part 43 forms an angle with the second part 42, so that the third part 43 and the first electrode terminal 22 are electrically connected, such as welding, in the area where the angle is located; After the third portion 43 is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 22 , the third portion 43 is bent around its connecting edge with the second portion 42 until the first end cap 2 closes the first opening 11 .
  • the third part 43 After bending, if the projection of the third part 43 on the plane perpendicular to the first direction x is located in the second part 42, then the third part 43 is entirely located between the second part 42 and the first end cover 2; The projection of the third part 43 on a plane perpendicular to the first direction x exceeds the edge of the second part 42 , and the part of the third part 43 is located between the second part 42 and the first end cap 2 .
  • the electrical connection between the third portion 43 and the first electrode terminal 22 and the assembly of the first end cap 2 can be achieved by bending the third portion 43 .
  • the electrode assembly 3 can be put into the casing 1 first, and then the first end cover 2 can be installed, which is easy to ensure the matching accuracy between the first end cover 2 and the first opening 11, and facilitates the first end cover 2 and the second opening 11.
  • An opening 11 is welded to optimize assembly performance.
  • the first end cap 2 can be installed last during assembly, so as to solve the problem that the electrical connection between the third part 43 and the first electrode terminal 22 and the first end cap cannot be realized at the same time. 2, so that the assembly process is highly versatile for battery cells 10 with different structures.
  • the first part 41, the second part 42 and the third part 43 are all plate-shaped structures, the first part 41 and the second part 42 are vertically arranged, the second part 42 and the third part
  • the three parts 43 are arranged in parallel and are all perpendicular to the first direction x.
  • the first part 41 and the second part 42 are vertically arranged, and after the first part 41 is electrically connected to the first tab 32, the second part 42 can be made parallel to the side of the main body part 31 facing the first end cover 2 set to reduce the space occupied by the second part 42 in the first direction x; moreover, after the third part 43 is bent until the first end cover 2 closes the first opening 11, the second part 42 and the third part 43 Parallel arrangement, for example, can contact or maintain a small gap, which can further reduce the space occupied by the second part 42 in the first direction x.
  • the position where the second portion 42 is connected to the third portion 43 is retracted by a predetermined distance relative to the outer side of the second portion 42 along the second direction y.
  • the root position of the third part 43 is retracted by a predetermined distance relative to the outer edge of the second part 42, which can prevent the third part 43 from exceeding the outer side of the second part 42 along the second direction y after being bent.
  • the edge is in contact with the casing 1 to ensure the gap between the assembled electrode assembly 3 and the casing 1 and the gap between the first end cover 2 and the casing 1 .
  • a weak zone is provided at the connection between the third part 43 and the second part 42 .
  • the weak zone is to weaken the strength of the joint between the third part 43 and the second part 42 through structural setting, which is more conducive to deformation.
  • a weak zone is provided at the connection between the third part 43 and the second part 42, after the third part 43 is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 22, it is convenient to connect the third part 43 together with the first end cap 2 Bending toward the direction close to the second part 42, during the bending process, it can prevent the connection effect of the connection between the first part 41 and the first lug 32 from being affected by extra force, and it can also prevent the bending force from being relatively large.
  • the gap with the first opening 11 in the circumferential direction is even, which improves the welding effect.
  • the weakened area includes at least one of the reduced-thickness portion 44 and the through groove 45 extending along a third direction z, which is perpendicular to the first direction x and the second direction y.
  • Three setting forms of the weak area are given below.
  • the weakened region includes a reduced-thickness portion 44 extending along the third direction z, and the reduced-thickness portion 44 extends along the third direction z over the entire length of the third portion 43, or One or more sections of reduced thickness section 44 may also be provided on the third section 43 to extend along part of the length.
  • Such a structure can control the external force required to bend the third portion 43 through the thickness of the thinned portion 44 .
  • Thickness reduction portion 44 can be provided on the inner side surface where third portion 43 is connected with second portion 42, which is easier to fold back, and makes third portion 43 closer to second portion 42 after bending, reducing the third portion 43 Space occupied in the first direction x.
  • the weakened area includes a through groove 45 extending along the third direction z
  • the through groove 45 can be an elongated groove
  • the through groove 45 is located at the third part 43 along the third direction z.
  • the through slot 45 can be disposed at the middle of the third portion 43 along the third direction z.
  • the weakened area includes a plurality of through grooves 45 extending at intervals along the third direction z, for example, three through grooves 45 may be provided, and one of the through grooves 45 is arranged in the third part 43 At the middle position along the third direction z, another two through grooves 45 are respectively provided in the upper and lower regions of the third portion 43 along the third direction z, and the respective outer ends of the two through grooves 45 can be closed or opened.
  • this structure can better weaken the strength of the connecting portion between the second part 42 and the third part 43 by arranging a plurality of through grooves 45 at intervals, and facilitate the bending of the third part 43 .
  • the first adapter 4 can be formed by bending a single-layer thin plate. This kind of first adapter 4 is simple in structure, easy to process, and low in cost.
  • the first adapter 4 is formed by stacking multiple layer structures 46 . Since each layer structure 46 is relatively thin, the first adapter 4 formed by stacking a plurality of layer structures 46 can reduce the stiffness at the junction of the second part 42 and the third part 43, making the third part 43 easier to bend. fold.
  • the other end of the housing 1 along the first direction x is provided with a second opening 11 ′
  • the electrode assembly 3 further includes a second tab 32 ′ drawn out from the main body 31
  • the battery cell 10 further includes: The second end cap 2' and the second adapter piece 4'.
  • the second end cap 2' is used to close the second opening 12, and the second end cap 2' includes an end cap body 21 and a second electrode terminal 22' disposed on the end cap body 21.
  • the second adapter 4' includes a first part 41 and a second part 42.
  • the first part 41 is located on the side where the main part 31 leads out from the second tab 32' and is electrically connected to the second tab 32'.
  • the second part 42 is located on the side of the main body 31 close to the second end cap 2' and is connected to the first part 41, and the second part 42 is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 22'.
  • a plurality of grooves 421 are provided on the side of the second part 42 away from the second electrode terminal 22', and the plurality of grooves 421 are densely distributed in the area corresponding to the second electrode terminal 22', so as to When welding the second part 42 and the second electrode terminal 22' on the side away from the second end cover 2', redundant laser light can be absorbed through multiple grooves 421 to reduce laser reflection and ensure welding effect.
  • the second electrode terminal 22' can be electrically connected to the second part 42 of the second adapter 4' first, and then The respective first parts 41 of the first adapter 4 and the second adapter 4' are electrically connected to the first tab 32 and the second tab 32' respectively, and then the electrode assembly 3 together with the second end cap 2' Put it into the casing 1 together from the second opening 11', and make the second end cover 2' close the second opening 11', and finally connect the first electrode terminal 22 to the third part 43 electrically, and through the bent
  • the first end cap 2 closes the first opening 11 in such a way.
  • This structure can smoothly realize the assembly of the battery cell 10 with end caps at both ends, and simplifies the structure of the second adapter 4'.
  • the second adapter 4' can also adopt the same structure as the first adapter 4, and the assembly method of the second end cover 2' is the same as that of the first end cover 2.
  • This structure only needs to use one adapter, which can reduce the types of parts, simplify the structure of the battery cell 10, and reduce the types of assembly processes.
  • FIG. 5 The following will take FIG. 5 as an example to give a specific embodiment of the battery cell 10 of the present application.
  • the battery cell 10 includes: a casing 1, a first end cap 2, a second end cap 2', an electrode assembly 3, a first adapter 4 and a second adapter 4'.
  • Both ends of the casing 1 along the first direction x are respectively provided with a first opening 11 and a second opening 11'.
  • the first end cap 2 is used to close the first opening 11
  • the first end cap 2 includes an end cap body 21 and a first electrode terminal 22 disposed on the end cap body 21 .
  • the second end cap 2' includes an end cap body 21 and a second electrode terminal 22' disposed on the end cap body 21.
  • the electrode assembly 3 is arranged in the casing 1, and the electrode assembly 3 includes a main body 31 and a first tab 32 and a second tab 32' drawn from the same end of the main body 31 along the third direction z.
  • the first adapter 4 includes a first part 41, a second part 42 and a third part 43.
  • the first part 41 is located on the side where the main part 31 leads out of the first tab 32 and is electrically connected to the first tab 32.
  • the second part 42 is located on the side of the main body 31 close to the first end cover 2 and connected to the first part 41, and the first end of the third part 43 along the second direction y is connected to the side of the second part 42 along the second direction y.
  • the third part 43 is bendably arranged with its connection side with the second part 42 as the rotation axis, at least part of the third part 43 is located between the second part 42 and the end cover body 21 and is connected to the first electrode terminal 22 are electrically connected, wherein the second direction y is perpendicular to the first direction x and is consistent with the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 3 .
  • the second adapter 4' includes a first part 41 and a second part 42.
  • the first part 41 is located on the side where the main part 31 leads out from the second tab 32' and is electrically connected to the second tab 32'.
  • the second part 42 is located on the side of the main body 31 close to the second end cap 2' and is connected to the first part 41, and the second part 42 is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 22'.
  • the second part 42 of the second adapter 4' is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 22', for example, it can be welded from the side of the second part 42 away from the second electrode terminal 22', and the second transfer
  • the first portion 41 of the connector 4 ′ is located on the side where the main body 31 leads out from the second tab 32 ′, and electrically connects the first portion 41 of the second adapter 4 ′ with the second tab 32 ′.
  • first adapter 4 Place the first adapter 4 on the side where the first part 41 is located on the side where the main body 31 leads out of the first tab 32 , and the second part 42 is located on the side of the main body 31 close to the first end cap 2 , and place The first portion 41 of the first adapter 4 is electrically connected to the first tab 32 .
  • the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell 10, as shown in FIG. 12 , including:
  • An end cap 2 includes an end cap body 21 and a first electrode terminal 22 provided on the end cap body 21
  • the electrode assembly 3 includes a main body 31 and a first tab 32 drawn from the main body 31
  • a first adapter 4 Including a first part 41, a second part 42 and a third part 43, the second part 42 is connected to the first part 41, and the first end of the third part 43 along the second direction y is connected to the second part 42 along the second direction
  • the side end of y, the second direction y is perpendicular to the first direction x;
  • S110-S150 are executed sequentially.
  • the electrode assembly 3 can be loaded from the first opening 11 or the second opening 11'; if the second adapter 4' is not provided with the third part 43 Three parts 43, the electrode assembly 3 together with the second end cap 2' needs to be loaded into the casing 1 through the second opening 11'.
  • the first end cover 2 before the third part 43 is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 22, the first end cover 2 needs to be positioned first, so as to ensure that the first end cover 2 closes the first opening 11 and the inner wall of the housing 1 evenly spaced.
  • the third portion 43 can be connected to the second portion.
  • firstly putting the electrode assembly 3 into the casing 1 and then installing the first end cap 2 is also easy to ensure the matching accuracy between the first end cap 2 and the first opening 11, and prevents the gap between the first end cap 2 and the casing 1. Larger forces appear between the electrode assembly 3 and the casing 1 , and the assembly performance is optimized, thereby improving the performance and working reliability of the battery cell 10 .
  • the first electrode terminal 22 when the first electrode terminal 22 is electrically connected to the third part 43, there is a preset angle between the third part 43 and the second part 42, for example, a right angle or other angles; wherein, S150 makes At least part of the third part 43 is located between the second part 42 and the first end cover 2, and making the first end cover 2 close the first opening 11 includes:
  • the third portion 43 and the first end cap 2 connected thereto are bent toward the second portion 42 until the first end cap 2 closes the first opening 11 .
  • the third part 43 is bendably arranged relative to the second part 42.
  • the electrical connection (such as welding) of the first electrode terminal 22 provides an operating space; after the electrical connection, the third part 43 is bent around its connecting edge with the second part 42 by applying an external force to the first end cap 2 until the second part An end cap 2 closes the first opening 11 . Therefore, in this embodiment, the electrical connection between the third portion 43 and the first electrode terminal 22 and the assembly of the first end cap 2 can be realized by bending the third portion 43 in an assembly manner.
  • the other end of the housing 1 along the first direction x is provided with a second opening 11 ′
  • the electrode assembly 3 further includes a second tab 32 ′ drawn out from the main body 31
  • the battery cell 10 further includes: The second end cap 2' and the second adapter piece 4'.
  • the second end cap 2' is used to close the second opening 12, and the second end cap 2' includes an end cap body 21 and a second electrode terminal 22' disposed on the end cap body 21.
  • the second adapter 4' includes a first part 41 and a second part 42; the manufacturing method of the present application also includes:
  • Putting the electrode assembly 3 into the casing 1 includes: putting the electrode assembly 3 together with the second end cap 2', the second adapter 4', and the first adapter 4 into the casing 1 from the second opening 11' Inside, and make the second end cap 2' close the second opening 11'.
  • S115 is not shown in the figure, and it is executed between S110 and S120.
  • welding if welding is used to electrically connect the second part 42 to the second electrode terminal 22', welding can be performed from the side of the first part 41 of the second adapter 4' away from the second electrode terminal 22'.
  • the present application provides a manufacturing device 300 of a battery cell 10.
  • the manufacturing device 300 includes:
  • the component supply part 310 is configured to provide the casing 1, the electrode assembly 3, the first end cap 2 and the first adapter 4, wherein, one end of the casing 1 along the first direction x is provided with a first opening 11, and the second
  • An end cap 2 includes an end cap body 21 and a first electrode terminal 22 provided on the end cap body 21
  • the electrode assembly 3 includes a main body 31 and a first tab 32 drawn from the main body 31
  • a first adapter 4 Including a first part 41, a second part 42 and a third part 43, the second part 42 is connected to the first part 41, and the first end of the third part 43 along the second direction y is connected to the second part 42 along the second direction
  • the side end of y, the second direction y is perpendicular to the first direction x;
  • the tab connection part 320 is configured to place the first adapter 4 on the first part 41 on the side where the main body 31 leads out the first tab 32 , and the second part 42 is located on the main body 31 close to the first end cap 2, and electrically connect the first part 41 of the first adapter 4 with the first tab 32;
  • the electrode installation part 330 is configured to put the electrode assembly 3 into the casing 1 from the first opening 11;
  • a terminal connection part 340 configured to electrically connect the third part 43 of the first adapter 4 with the first electrode terminal 22;
  • the end cap sealing member 350 is configured such that at least part of the third portion 43 is located between the second portion 42 and the first end cap 2 , and the first end cap 2 closes the first opening 11 .

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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池单体及其制造方法、制造装置、电池、用电装置，其中，电池单体包括：壳体，沿第一方向的一端设有第一开口；第一端盖，用于封闭第一开口，第一端盖包括端盖本体和设在端盖本体上的第一电极端子；电极组件，设在壳体内，电极组件包括主体部和从主体部引出的第一极耳；和第一转接件，包括第一部、第二部和第三部，第一部位于主体部引出第一极耳的一侧并与第一极耳电连接，第二部位于主体部靠近第一端盖的一侧并与第一部连接，第三部沿第二方向的第一端连接于第二部沿第二方向的侧端，第三部的至少部分位于第二部与端盖本体之间且与第一电极端子电连接，其中，第二方向垂直于第一方向。

Description

电池单体及其制造方法、制造装置、电池、用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池单体及其制造方法、制造装置、电池、用电装置。
背景技术
随着由于锂离子等电池具有能量密度高、功率密度高、循环使用次数多、存储时间长等优点，在电动汽车上面已普遍应用。
但是，优化电动汽车中电池的装配工艺，一直是业内的一个难题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于改善电池的装配工艺。
根据本申请的第一方面，提供了一种电池单体，包括：
壳体，沿第一方向的一端设有第一开口；
第一端盖，用于封闭第一开口，第一端盖包括端盖本体和设在端盖本体上的第一电极端子；
电极组件，设在壳体内，电极组件包括主体部和从主体部引出的第一极耳；和
第一转接件，包括第一部、第二部和第三部，第一部位于主体部引出第一极耳的一侧并与第一极耳电连接，第二部位于主体部靠近第一端盖的一侧并与第一部连接，第三部沿第二方向的第一端连接于第二部沿第二方向的侧端，第三部的至少部分位于第二部与端盖本体之间且与第一电极端子电连接，第二方向垂直于第一方向。
该实施例的第一转接件通过在第二部上延伸出第三部，能够在将第三部与第一电极端子电连接时，使第三部与第二部之间具有夹角，夹角所在区域形成连接第三部与第一电极端子的操作空间，可提高装配的便捷性，并提高电连接可靠性。在第三部与第一电极端子电连接后，直接将第三部连同第一端盖绕转轴朝向靠近第二部的方向弯折，就能将使第一端盖将第一开口封闭。由此，该结构能巧妙实现第三部与第一电极端子的电连接以及第一端盖的装配。
而且，先将电极组件装入壳体再安装第一端盖，也易于保证第一端盖与第一开口之间的配合精度，防止第一端盖与壳体之间、以及电极组件与壳体之间出现较大作用力， 优化装配性能，从而提高电池单体的性能及工作可靠性。
另外，若电池单体沿第一方向的另一端设有第二开口，且第二开口通过第二端盖封闭，在装配时可将第一端盖最后安装，以解决无法同时实现第三部与第一电极端子电连接以及第一端盖的装配的问题。由此，此种装配方式可适用于不同结构的电池单体，无需对电池单体结构与装配工艺进行特殊匹配，通用性强。
在一些实施例中，第二方向与电极组件的厚度方向一致。
该实施例能够在第三部连同第一端盖绕转轴朝向靠近第二部的方向弯折时，第一端盖以自身较长的侧边为基准转动至封闭第一开口，可减小第一端盖的转动半径，减小在转动的过程中发生错位和晃动，使第一端盖准确地与第一开口配合，并保证第一端盖与第一开口在整个周向上间隙的一致性，提高第一端盖与壳体的焊接效果。
在一些实施例中，第一极耳从主体部沿第三方向的侧端引出，第三方向垂直于第一方向和第二方向。
该实施例将第一极耳设在主体部与第一端盖相邻的侧面上，在使第一极耳和第一电极端子与第一转接件电连接时，可具有独立的操作空间，便于装配，利于保证电连接的可靠性。而且，第一部与第二部位于主体部相邻两个侧面，形成L形结构；且在装配前第三部与第二部之间具有夹角，例如相互垂直，第三部位于第二部沿第二方向的侧端，能够提高第一转接件的整体刚度，在零件放置、转移或装配的过程中，第二部不易发生变形。
在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括从主体部引出的第二极耳，第一极耳和第二极耳极性相反，且从主体部的同一侧端引出。
该实施例能够减小电池单体在第三方向上的占用空间，并提升电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，第三部沿第二方向的第二端为自由端，第三部被配置为连同与其连接的第一端盖共同朝向第二部弯折，以使第一端盖封闭第一开口。
该实施例通过使第三部弯折的装配方式，能够实现第三部与第一电极端子的电连接以及第一端盖的装配。在装配时，可先将电极组件装入壳体再安装第一端盖，易于保证第一端盖与第一开口之间的配合精度，便于将第一端盖与第一开口焊接，可优化装配性能。而且，对于两端都设置端盖的电池单体，在装配时可将第一端盖最后安装，以解决无法同时实现第三部与第一电极端子电连接以及第一端盖的装配的问题，从而使装配工艺对不同结构电池单体通用性强。
在一些实施例中，第一部、第二部和第三部均为板状结构，第一部和第二部垂直 设置，第二部和第三部平行设置。
该实施例中第一部和第二部垂直设置，在第一部与第一极耳电连接之后，可使第二部与主体部朝向第一端盖的侧面平行设置，以减小第二部在第一方向上占用的空间；而且，在第三部弯折至第一端盖封闭第一开口后，第二部与第三部平行设置，例如，可接触或保持较小间隙，能够进一步减小第二部在第一方向上占用的空间。
在一些实施例中，第二部连接第三部的位置相对于第二部沿第二方向的外侧边缩回预设距离。
该实施例使第三部的根部位置相对于第二部的外侧边缩回预设距离，可防止第三部在弯折后超出第二部沿第二方向的外侧边与壳体接触，保证装配后电极组件与壳体的间隙，以及第一端盖与壳体的间隙。
在一些实施例中，第三部与第二部的连接处设有薄弱区。
该实施例通过在第三部与第二部的连接处设有薄弱区，在将第三部与第一电极端子电连接后，便于将第三部连同第一端盖朝向靠近第二部的方向弯折，在弯折过程中，可防止对第一部与第一极耳的连接处带来额外作用力影响连接效果，而且还能防止弯折力较大使第一转接件发生变形，从而使第三部相对于第二部的弯折位置精确，提高第一端盖封闭第一开口后的定位精度，使第一端盖与第一开口在周向上间隙均匀，提高焊接效果。
在一些实施例中，薄弱区包括沿第三方向延伸的厚度减薄部和通槽中的至少一个，第三方向垂直于第一方向和第二方向。
在一些实施例中，第一转接件采用多个层结构叠加形成。
该实施例中，由于每个层结构较薄，采用多个层结构叠加形成的第一转接件可减小第二部和第三部的连接处的刚度，使第三部更容易弯折。
在一些实施例中，壳体沿第一方向的另一端设有第二开口，电极组件还包括从主体部引出的第二极耳，电池单体还包括：
第二端盖，用于封闭第二开口，第二端盖包括端盖本体和设在端盖本体上的第二电极端子；和
第二转接件，包括第一部和第二部，第一部位于主体部引出第二极耳的一侧并与第二极耳电连接，第二部位于主体部靠近第二端盖的一侧并与第一部连接，且第二部与第二电极端子电连接。
该实施例在电池单体同时具有第一端盖和第二端盖时，可先将第二电极端子与第二转接件的第二部电连接，再将第一转接件和第二转接件各自的第一部分别与第一极耳 和第二极耳电连接，接着将电极组件连同第二端盖从第二开口一起装入壳体内，并使第二端盖封闭第二开口，最后再将第一电极端子与第三部电连接，并通过弯折的方式使第一端盖封闭第一开口。此种结构能够顺利实现两端均设置端盖的电池单体的装配，并简化第二转接件的结构。
根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种电池，包括上述实施例的电池单体。
根据本申请的第三方面，提供了一种用电装置，包括上述实施例的电池，电池用于为用电装置提供电能。
根据本申请的第四方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
提供待组装零件，包括：壳体、电极组件、第一端盖和第一转接件，壳体沿第一方向的一端设有第一开口，第一端盖包括端盖本体和设在端盖本体上的第一电极端子，电极组件包括主体部和从主体部引出的第一极耳，第一转接件包括第一部、第二部和第三部，第二部与第一部连接，第三部沿第二方向的第一端连接于第二部沿第二方向的侧端，第二方向垂直于第一方向；
将第一转接件放置于第一部位于主体部引出第一极耳的一侧，且第二部位于主体部靠近第一端盖的一侧，并将第一转接件的第一部与第一极耳电连接；
将电极组件放入壳体内；
将第一转接件的第三部与第一电极端子电连接；
使第三部的至少部分位于第二部与第一端盖之间，并使第一端盖封闭第一开口。
在一些实施例中，在第一电极端子与第三部电连接时，第三部与第二部之间具有预设夹角；其中，使第三部的至少部分位于第二部与第一端盖之间，并使第一端盖封闭第一开口包括：
将第三部连同与其连接的第一端盖共同朝向第二部弯折，直至使第一端盖封闭第一开口。
根据本申请的第五方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造装置，包括：
零件提供部件，被配置为提供壳体、电极组件、第一端盖和第一转接件，壳体沿第一方向的一端设有第一开口，第一端盖包括端盖本体和设在端盖本体上的第一电极端子，电极组件包括主体部和从主体部引出的第一极耳，第一转接件包括第一部、第二部和第三部，第二部与第一部连接，第三部沿第二方向的第一端连接于第二部沿第二方向的侧端，第二方向垂直于第一方向；
极耳连接部件，被配置为将第一转接件放置于第一部位于主体部引出第一极耳的一侧，且第二部位于主体部靠近第一端盖的一侧，并将第一转接件的第一部与第一极耳 电连接；
电极安装部件，被配置为将电极组件从第一开口放入壳体内；
端子连接部件，被配置为将第一转接件的第三部与第一电极端子电连接；和
端盖封口部件，被配置为使第三部的至少部分位于第二部与第一端盖之间，并使第一端盖封闭第一开口。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请将电池安装于车辆的一些实施例的结构示意图。
图2为本申请电池的一些实施例的分解图。
图3为本申请电池单元的一些实施例的结构示意图。
图4为本申请电池单体的一些实施例的结构示意图。
图5为本申请电池单体的一些实施例的分解图。
图6为本申请电池单体中第一转接件的一些实施例的结构示意图。
图7A、图7B和图7C分别为第一转接件上设置三种不同形式薄弱区的结构示意图。
图8为本申请电池单体中第一转接件的另一些实施例的结构示意图。
图9为图8中的A处放大图。
图10为第一转接件的第二部与第一电极端子电连接后处于未弯折状态的结构示意图。
图11为第一转接件的第二部与第一端盖一起弯折后的结构示意图。
图12为本申请电池单体制造方法的一些实施例的结构示意图。
图13为本申请电池单体制造装置的一些实施例的模块组成示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
200、车辆；201、车桥；202、车轮；203、马达；204、控制器；
100、电池；100’、电池单元；101、外壳组件；101A、箱体；101B、盖体；102、 热管理部件；1021、基板；1022、换热管；1022A、进口；1022B、出口；
10、电池单体；1、壳体；11、第一开口；11’、第二开口；2、端盖；21、端盖本体；22、第一电极端子；2’、第二端盖；22’、第二电极端子；3、电极组件；31、主体部；32、第一极耳；32’、第二极耳；4、第一转接件；4’、第二转接件；41、第一部；411、定位槽；42、第二部；421、凹槽；43、第三部；44、厚度减薄部；45、通槽；46、层结构；
x、第一方向；y、第二方向；z、第三方向；S1、扁平面；S2、圆弧面。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一些实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
本申请采用了“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”、“前”、“后”、“内”和 “外”等指示的方位或位置关系的描述，这仅是为了便于描述本申请，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
目前的电池单体通常包括壳体和容纳于壳体内的电极组件，并在壳体内填充电解质。电极组件主要由极性相反的第一极片和第二极片层叠或卷绕形成，并且通常在第一极片与第二极片之间设有隔膜。第一极片和第二极片涂覆有活性物质的部分构成电极组件的主体部，第一极片和第二极片未涂覆活性物质的部分各自构成第一极耳和第二极耳。在锂离子电池中，第一极片可以为第一极片，包括正极集流体和设于正极集流体两侧的正极活性物质层，正极集流体的材料例如可以为铝，正极活性物质例如可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等；第二极片可以为第二极片，包括负极集流体和设于负极集流体两侧的负极活性物质层，负极集流体的材料例如可以为铜，负极活性物质例如可以为石墨或硅等。第一极耳和第二极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池单体的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接端子以形成电流回路。
发明人在实践中发现，目前大部分呈长方体的电池单体，端盖一般设在壳体的一个端面，端盖包括端盖本体和设在端盖本体上的两个电极端子，在装配时，先给每个电极端子均焊接一个转接件，再将两个转接件分别与第一极耳和第二极耳焊接，由此使端盖与电极组件形成一个整体结构，再将该整体结构装入壳体内。
但是，在实际的装配过程中发现，在将端盖与电极组件形成的整体结构装入壳体时，由于电极组件与壳体之间、以及端盖与壳体之间的间隙均较小，而且难免会出现装配误差，且该误差不容易进行调整，影响装配效果和装配效率。
而且，对于壳体两端均设有端盖的电池单体，每个端盖上均设置一个电极端子，如果先将其中一个端盖上的电极端子通过转接件与电极组件连接为整体结构，并放入壳体将该端盖封闭之后，则无法同时实现另一个端盖的装配以及其上的电极端子与对应转 接件的焊接。
基于上述发现，发明人欲对电池单体进行改进，以进一步提高电池单体的装配性能，并使此种装配方式对于不同的电池单体具备较强的通用性。
本申请的电池可用于电装置，可为用电装置提供电能，装置可以是手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等，电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨。
如图1所示，用电装置可以是车辆200，例如新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；或者用电装置也可以是无人机或轮船等。具体地，车辆200可包括车桥201、连接于车桥201的车轮202、马达203、控制器204和电池100，马达203用于驱动车桥201转动，控制器204用于控制马达203工作，电池100可以设置在车辆200的底部、头部或尾部，用于为马达203以及车辆中其它部件的工作提供电能。
如图2所示，为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池100可以包括多个电池单体10，其中，多个电池单体10之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。
图2为本申请电池100的一些实施例的结构示意图，电池100可以包括外壳组件101和至少一个电池单元100’。外壳组件101内部为中空结构，至少一个电池单元100’容纳于外壳组件101内。
例如，外壳组件101可以包括两部分，这里分别称为箱体101A和盖体101B。箱体101A和盖体101B扣合在一起。例如，箱体101A和盖体101B均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，箱体101A的开口和盖体101B的开口相对设置，并且箱体101A和盖体101B相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体。也可以为，箱体101A为具有开口的长方体而盖体101B为板状，或者盖体101B为具有开口的长方体而箱体101A为板状，箱体101A和盖体101B相对设置并扣合而形成具有封闭腔室的箱体。多个电池单体10相互并联或串联或混联组合后，置于箱体101A和盖体101B扣合后形成的封闭腔室内。
如图3所示，每个电池单元100’均可包括多个并排设置且相互电连接的电池单体10，例如，多个电池单体10可沿第二方向y并排设置。
如图4所示，电池单体10包括壳体1和沿第一方向x分别设在壳体1两端的第一端盖2和第二端盖2’，第一方向x垂直于第二方向y。图中角度只能示意出第一端盖2， 第一端盖2包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第一电极端子22，第二端盖2包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第二电极端子22’，第一电极端子22和第二电极端子22’极性相反。可选地，壳体1仅在沿第一方向x的一端设有第一端盖2，且端盖上同时设有第一电极端子22和第二电极端子22’。
由于电池单元100’在垂直于第三方向z的平面内未设置第一电极端子22和第二电极端子22’，第三方向z垂直于第一方向x和第二方向y，电池单元100’沿第三方向y的两个侧面均可设置热管理部件102，用于同时通过电池单元100’相对的两个侧面进行温度调节，能够提高温度调节效率。例如，当电池100长时间工作时，此种结构能够提高电池100的散热性能，防止长时间大功率运行过程中出现散热瓶颈。
在一些实施例中，热管理部件102用于容纳流体以给电池单元100’调节温度。这里的流体可以是液体或气体，调节温度是指给多个电池单体加热或者冷却。在给电池单元100’冷却或降温的情况下，该热管理部件102用于容纳冷却流体以给多个电池单体降低温度，此时，热管理部件102也可以称为冷却部件、冷却系统或冷却板等，其容纳的流体也可以称为冷却介质或冷却流体，更具体的，可以称为冷却液或冷却气体。另外，热管理部件102也可以用于加热以给多个电池单体升温，本申请实施例对此并不限定。可选的，所述流体可以是循环流动的，以达到更好的温度调节的效果。可选的，流体可以为水、水和乙二醇的混合液或者空气等。
具体地，热管理部件102可包括：基板1021和设在基板1021上的换热管1022，换热管1022以连续的S形或其它延伸路径覆盖电池单元100’的整个表面，以达到较优的换热效果。换热管1022内形成供流体流动的通道，且换热管1022的两端分别作为换热流体的进口1022A和出口1022B。或者，热管理部件102可包括：基板1021，基板1021内设有供流体流动的换热通道。
可选地，热管理部件102也可通过对导电部件的控制进行温度调节。
图5为本申请电池单体10的一些实施例的分解图，电池单体10包括：壳体1、第一端盖2、电极组件3和第一转接件4。
壳体1沿第一方向x的一端设有第一开口11。第一端盖2用于封闭第一开口11，第一端盖2包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第一电极端子22。电极组件3设在壳体1内，电极组件3包括主体部31和从主体部31引出的第一极耳32。
第一转接件4包括第一部41、第二部42和第三部43，第一部41位于主体部31引出第一极耳32的一侧并与第一极耳32电连接，第二部42位于主体部31靠近第一端盖2的一侧并与第一部41连接，第三部43沿第二方向y的第一端连接于第二部42沿第二方 向y的侧端，第三部43的至少部分位于第二部42与端盖本体21之间且与第一电极端子22电连接，其中，第二方向y垂直于第一方向x。
其中，壳体1是用于容纳电极组件3的部件，壳体1可以是一端设置第一开口11的空心结构，并通过第一端盖2封闭；或者壳体1也可以是两端分别设置第一开口11和第二开口11’的空心结构，则第一开口11通过第一端盖2封闭，第二开口11’通过第二端盖2’封闭。壳体1的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。壳体1可以呈长方体等。
第一端盖2是盖合于壳体1的第一开口11以将电池单体10的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。第一端盖2的形状可以与壳体1的形状相适配，比如，壳体1为长方体结构，第一端盖2为与壳体1相适配的矩形板状结构。第一端盖2的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等，第一端盖2的材质与壳体1的材质可以相同，也可以不同。
电极组件3是电池单体10中发生电化学反应的部件，电极组件3可以是长方体等。电极组件3可以包括第一极片、第二极片和隔膜。电极组件3可以是由第一极片、隔膜和第二极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕结构，卷绕结构可包括两个扁平面S1和两个圆弧面S2，两个扁平面S1沿第二方向y相对设置，且扁平面S1垂直于第二方向y，圆弧面S2的两端分别连接于两个扁平面S1位于同一侧的端部。可选地，电极组件3也可以是由第一极片、隔膜和第二极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。
例如，第一极片可以为正极极片，包括正极集流体和涂覆于正极集流体相对两侧的正极活性物质层，第一极片未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分形成第一极耳32。第二极片可以为负极极片，包括负极集流体和涂覆于负极集流体相对的两侧的负极活性物质层，第二极片未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分形成第二极耳32’，第一极耳32和第二极耳32’极性相反。第一极片除第一极耳32以外的部分和第二极片除第二极耳32’以外的部分在卷绕或层叠后形成主体部31。
第一转接件4用于将第一极耳32与第一电极端子22电连接，其采用导电材料，可通过薄板裁切后弯折形成。第一部41位于主体部31引出第一极耳32的一侧并与第一极耳32电连接，例如可通过焊接的方式电连接。第二部42位于主体部31靠近第一端盖2的一侧，具体地，第二部42垂直于第一方向x设置，且第二部42与第一部41连接。
第三部43沿第二方向y的第一端连接于第二部42沿第二方向y的侧端，在图5中，第二部42与第一部41连接的侧端和与第三部43连接的侧端相邻。可选地，第二部42与第一部41连接的侧端和与第三部43连接的侧端也可相对设置。例如，第一部41、 第二部42和第三部43均可呈矩形结构。在使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11之前，第三部43被配置为在外力作用下相对于第二部42可弯折地设置，第三部43与第二部42的连接边作为转轴。
该实施例的第一转接件4通过在第二部42上延伸出第三部43，能够在将第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接时，使第三部43与第二部42之间具有夹角，夹角所在区域形成连接第三部43与第一电极端子22的操作空间，可提高装配的便捷性，并提高电连接可靠性。在第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接后，直接将第三部43连同第一端盖2绕转轴朝向靠近第二部42的方向弯折，就能将使第一端盖2将第一开口11封闭。由此，该结构能巧妙实现第三部43与第一电极端子22的电连接以及第一端盖2的装配。
而且，先将电极组件3装入壳体1再安装第一端盖2，也易于保证第一端盖2与第一开口11之间的配合精度，防止第一端盖2与壳体1之间、以及电极组件3与壳体1之间出现较大作用力，优化装配性能，从而提高电池单体10的性能及工作可靠性。
另外，若电池单体10沿第一方向x的另一端设有第二开口11’，且第二开口11’通过第二端盖2’封闭，在装配时可将第一端盖2最后安装，以解决无法同时实现第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接以及第一端盖2的装配的问题。由此，此种装配方式可适用于不同结构的电池单体10，无需对电池单体10结构与装配工艺进行特殊匹配，通用性强。
对于第一方向x尺寸与第三方向z尺寸比值较大的电池单体10，极长矮形状的电池单体，将第一端盖2设在壳体1沿第一方向的端部，能够避免第一电极端子22在第三方向z上占用额外的空间，可提升电池单体10在第三方向z上的利用率，提升电池单体10的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，如图5所示，第二方向y与电极组件3的厚度方向一致。
其中，对于卷绕式的电极组件3，其厚度方向为垂直于扁平面S1的方向；对于叠片式的电极组件3，其厚度方向为第一极片和第二极片的叠加方向。电极组件3可设置一个；或者沿第二方向y叠加设置多个，为了实现第一转接件4沿第二方向y的定位，第一部41沿第二方向y的中间位置设有定位槽411。
第三部43可与第一电极端子22沿第一方向x正对设置，第二部42沿第三方向z的延伸长度可根据第三部43的设置位置设计，第二部42远离第一部41的端部可与第三部43平齐或超出第三部43。
该实施例能够在第三部43连同第一端盖2绕转轴朝向靠近第二部42的方向弯折时，第一端盖2以自身较长的侧边为基准转动至封闭第一开口11，可减小第一端盖2的转动半径，减小在转动的过程中发生错位和晃动，使第一端盖2准确地与第一开口11配合， 并保证第一端盖2与第一开口11在整个周向上间隙的一致性，提高第一端盖2与壳体1的焊接效果。
而且，电极组件3厚度方向的尺寸相对较小，第二部42沿第二方向y的尺寸也相应较小，在弯折第三部43时不容易使第二部42发生变形。此外，该结构可灵活地设计第三部43连接在第二部42侧端的位置，以适应第一电极端子22的位置。
在一些实施例中，如图5所示，第一极耳32从主体部31沿第三方向z的侧端引出，第三方向z垂直于第一方向x和第二方向y。
其中，为了便于将第一极耳32与第一部41连接，减小第一部41的长度，第一极耳32沿第一方向x位于主体部31的一端。第一极耳32从主体部31沿第三方向z的侧端引出，对于卷绕式电极组件3，卷绕轴线沿第三方向设置，此种结构能够使电极组件3沿卷绕轴线的整个端部都浸在电解液中，使第一极片和第二极片在整个延伸长度上都均匀地浸润电解液，保障电极组件3的电化学性能发挥，从而提高电池单体10的性能。
该实施例将第一极耳32设在主体部31与第一端盖2相邻的侧面上，在使第一极耳32和第一电极端子22与第一转接件4电连接时，可具有独立的操作空间，便于装配，利于保证电连接的可靠性。而且，第一部41与第二部42位于主体部31相邻两个侧面，形成L形结构；且在装配前第三部43与第二部42之间具有夹角，例如相互垂直，第三部43位于第二部42沿第二方向y的侧端，能够提高第一转接件4的整体刚度，在零件放置、转移或装配的过程中，第二部42不易发生变形。
在一些实施例中，电极组件3还包括从主体部31引出的第二极耳32’，第一极耳32和第二极耳32’极性相反，且从主体部31的同一侧端引出。
该实施例能够减小电池单体10在第三方向z上的占用空间，并提升电池单体10的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，如图5所示，第三部43沿第二方向y的第二端为自由端，第三部43被配置为连同与其连接的第一端盖2共同朝向第二部42弯折，以使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11。
其中，如图6所示，在弯折之前，第三部43与第二部42呈夹角，以便在夹角所在区域对第三部43与第一电极端子22进行电连接，例如焊接；在第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接之后，第三部43绕其与第二部42的连接边弯折，直至第一端盖2封闭第一开口11。在弯折后，若第三部43在垂直于第一方向x所在平面的投影位于第二部42内，则第三部43整体位于第二部42与第一端盖2之间；若第三部43在垂直于第一方向x所在平面的投影超出第二部42的边缘，则第三部43的部分位于第二部42与第一端盖2之 间。
该实施例通过使第三部43弯折的装配方式，能够实现第三部43与第一电极端子22的电连接以及第一端盖2的装配。在装配时，可先将电极组件3装入壳体1再安装第一端盖2，易于保证第一端盖2与第一开口11之间的配合精度，便于将第一端盖2与第一开口11焊接，可优化装配性能。而且，对于两端都设置端盖的电池单体10，在装配时可将第一端盖2最后安装，以解决无法同时实现第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接以及第一端盖2的装配的问题，从而使装配工艺对不同结构电池单体10通用性强。
在一些实施例中，如图5所示，第一部41、第二部42和第三部43均为板状结构，第一部41和第二部42垂直设置，第二部42和第三部43平行设置且均垂直于第一方向x。
该实施例中第一部41和第二部42垂直设置，在第一部41与第一极耳32电连接之后，可使第二部42与主体部31朝向第一端盖2的侧面平行设置，以减小第二部42在第一方向x上占用的空间；而且，在第三部43弯折至第一端盖2封闭第一开口11后，第二部42与第三部43平行设置，例如，可接触或保持较小间隙，能够进一步减小第二部42在第一方向x上占用的空间。
在一些实施例中，如图6所示，第二部42连接第三部43的位置相对于第二部42沿第二方向y的外侧边缩回预设距离。
该实施例使第三部43的根部位置相对于第二部42的外侧边缩回预设距离，可防止第三部43在弯折后超出第二部42沿第二方向y的外侧边与壳体1接触，保证装配后电极组件3与壳体1的间隙，以及第一端盖2与壳体1的间隙。
在一些实施例中，如图7A至7C，第三部43与第二部42的连接处设有薄弱区。薄弱区是通过结构设置使第三部43与第二部42的连接处的强度减弱，更有利于发生变形。
该实施例通过在第三部43与第二部42的连接处设有薄弱区，在将第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接后，便于将第三部43连同第一端盖2朝向靠近第二部42的方向弯折，在弯折过程中，可防止对第一部41与第一极耳32的连接处带来额外作用力影响连接效果，而且还能防止弯折力较大使第一转接件4发生变形，从而使第三部43相对于第二部42的弯折位置精确，提高第一端盖2封闭第一开口11后的定位精度，使第一端盖2与第一开口11在周向上间隙均匀，提高焊接效果。
例如，薄弱区包括沿第三方向z延伸的厚度减薄部44和通槽45中的至少一个，第三方向z垂直于第一方向x和第二方向y。下面给出薄弱区的三种设置形式。
在第一种结构中，如图7A所示，薄弱区包括沿第三方向z延伸的厚度减薄部44，厚度减薄部44沿第三方向z在第三部43的整个长度延伸，或者也可在第三部43上设置一 段或多段厚度减薄部44沿部分长度延伸。此种结构可通过厚度减薄部44的厚度控制弯折第三部43时需要施加的外力。
厚度减薄部44可以设在第三部43与第二部42连接的内侧面上，更易于折回，且在弯折后使第三部43更靠近于第二部42，减小第三部43在第一方向x上占用的空间。
在第二种结构中，如图7B所示，薄弱区包括沿第三方向z延伸的通槽45，通槽45可为细长槽，通槽45沿第三方向z在第三部43的部分长度延伸，通槽45可沿第三方向z设在第三部43的中间位置。此种结构更容易加工，无需对减薄的厚度进行精确控制。
在第三种结构中，如图7C所示，薄弱区包括沿第三方向z间隔延伸的多个通槽45，例如可设置三个通槽45，其中一个通槽45设在第三部43沿第三方向z的中间位置，另外两个通槽45分别设在第三部43沿第三方向z的上部和下部区域，这两个通槽45各自的外端可封闭或设置开口。此种结构在便于加工的基础上，通过间隔设置多个通槽45，能够更好地削弱第二部42和第三部43连接部位的强度，利于第三部43的弯折。
在一些实施例中，第一转接件4可采用单层薄板弯折形成，此种第一转接件4结构简单，易于加工，成本较低。
在一些实施例中，如图8和9所示，第一转接件4采用多个层结构46叠加形成。由于每个层结构46较薄，采用多个层结构46叠加形成的第一转接件4可减小第二部42和第三部43的连接处的刚度，使第三部43更容易弯折。
在一些实施例中，壳体1沿第一方向x的另一端设有第二开口11’，电极组件3还包括从主体部31引出的第二极耳32’，电池单体10还包括：第二端盖2’和第二转接件4’。第二端盖2’用于封闭第二开口12，第二端盖2’包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第二电极端子22’。第二转接件4’包括第一部41和第二部42，第一部41位于主体部31引出第二极耳32’的一侧并与第二极耳32’电连接，第二部42位于主体部31靠近第二端盖2’的一侧并与第一部41连接，且第二部42与第二电极端子22’电连接。
其中，第二部42上远离第二电极端子22’的侧面上设有多个凹槽421，多个凹槽421密布在与第二电极端子22’对应的区域内，以在从第二部42远离第二端盖2’的一侧焊接第二部42与第二电极端子22’时，能够通过多个凹槽421吸收多余激光，减少激光反射，保证焊接效果。
该实施例在电池单体10同时具有第一端盖2和第二端盖2’时，可先将第二电极端子22’与第二转接件4’的第二部42电连接，再将第一转接件4和第二转接件4’各自的第一部41分别与第一极耳32和第二极耳32’电连接，接着将电极组件3连同第二端盖2’从第二开口11’一起装入壳体1内，并使第二端盖2’封闭第二开口11’，最后再将第一电极端 子22与第三部43电连接，并通过弯折的方式使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11。此种结构能够顺利实现两端均设置端盖的电池单体10的装配，并简化第二转接件4’的结构。
可选地，第二转接件4’也可采用与第一转接件4相同的结构，且第二端盖2’的装配方式与第一端盖2相同。该结构只需采用一种转接件，可减少零件种类，简化电池单体10的结构，减少装配工艺种类。
下面将以图5为例，给出本申请电池单体10的具体实施例。
电池单体10包括：壳体1、第一端盖2、第二端盖2’、电极组件3、第一转接件4和第二转接件4’。
壳体1沿第一方向x的两端分别设有第一开口11和第二开口11’。第一端盖2用于封闭第一开口11，第一端盖2包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第一电极端子22。第二端盖2’包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第二电极端子22’。电极组件3设在壳体1内，电极组件3包括主体部31和从主体部31沿第三方向z的同端引出的第一极耳32和第二极耳32’。
第一转接件4包括第一部41、第二部42和第三部43，第一部41位于主体部31引出第一极耳32的一侧并与第一极耳32电连接，第二部42位于主体部31靠近第一端盖2的一侧并与第一部41连接，第三部43沿第二方向y的第一端连接于第二部42沿第二方向y的侧端，且第三部43以其与第二部42的连接边为转轴可弯折地设置，第三部43的至少部分位于第二部42与端盖本体21之间且与第一电极端子22电连接，其中，第二方向y垂直于第一方向x，且与电极组件3的厚度方向一致。
第二转接件4’包括第一部41和第二部42，第一部41位于主体部31引出第二极耳32’的一侧并与第二极耳32’电连接，第二部42位于主体部31靠近第二端盖2’的一侧并与第一部41连接，且第二部42与第二电极端子22’电连接。
此种电池单体10在装配时，采用如下步骤：
1、将第二转接件4’的第二部42与第二电极端子22’电连接，例如，可从第二部42远离第二电极端子22’的一侧焊接，并使第二转接件4’的第一部41位于主体部31引出第二极耳32’的一侧，将第二转接件4’的第一部41与第二极耳32’电连接。
2、将第一转接件4放置于第一部41位于主体部31引出第一极耳32的一侧，且第二部42位于主体部31靠近第一端盖2的一侧，并将第一转接件4的第一部41与第一极耳32电连接。
3、将电极组件3连同第二端盖2’、第二转接件4’、第一转接件4从第二开口11’放入壳体1内，并使第二端盖2’封闭第二开口11’。如图10所示，此时第一转接件4的第 三部43与第二部42可处于呈夹角的状态。
4、从第一转接件4的第二部42与第三部43之间的空间进行操作，将第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接。
5、将第三部43连同与其连接的第一端盖2共同朝向第二部42弯折，直至使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11，如图11所示的状态。
6、将第一端盖2和第二端盖2’与壳体1焊接。
其次，本申请还提供了一种电池单体10的制造方法，如图12所示，包括：
S110、提供待组装零件，包括：壳体1、电极组件3、第一端盖2和第一转接件4，其中，壳体1沿第一方向x的一端设有第一开口11，第一端盖2包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第一电极端子22，电极组件3包括主体部31和从主体部31引出的第一极耳32，第一转接件4包括第一部41、第二部42和第三部43，第二部42与第一部41连接，第三部43沿第二方向y的第一端连接于第二部42沿第二方向y的侧端，第二方向y垂直于第一方向x；
S120、将第一转接件4放置于第一部41位于主体部31引出第一极耳32的一侧，且第二部42位于主体部31靠近第一端盖2的一侧，并将第一转接件4的第一部41与第一极耳32电连接；
S130、将电极组件3放入壳体1内；
S140、将第一转接件4的第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接；
S150、使第三部43的至少部分位于第二部42与第一端盖2之间，并使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11。
其中，S110-S150顺序执行。在S130中，若第二转接件4’也设有第三部43，则电极组件3可从第一开口11或第二开口11’装入；若第二转接件4’未设置第三部43，则需要将电极组件3连同第二端盖2’从第二开口11’一起装入壳体1内。在S140中，在第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接之前，需要先对第一端盖2进行定位，以保证第一端盖2封闭第一开口11后与壳体1内壁之间的间隙均匀。
该实施例的第一转接件4通过在第二部42上延伸出第三部43，能够在将第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接时，使第三部43与第二部42之间具有夹角，夹角所在区域形成连接第三部43与第一电极端子22的操作空间，可提高装配的便捷性，并提高电连接可靠性。在第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接后，直接将第三部43连同第一端盖2绕转轴朝向靠近第二部42的方向弯折，就能将使第一端盖2将第一开口11封闭。由此，该结构能巧妙实现第三部43与第一电极端子22的电连接以及第一端盖2的装配。
而且，先将电极组件3装入壳体1再安装第一端盖2，也易于保证第一端盖2与第一开口11之间的配合精度，防止第一端盖2与壳体1之间、以及电极组件3与壳体1之间出现较大作用力，优化装配性能，从而提高电池单体10的性能及工作可靠性。
在一些实施例中，在第一电极端子22与第三部43电连接时，第三部43与第二部42之间具有预设夹角，例如，呈直角或其它角度；其中，S150使第三部43的至少部分位于第二部42与第一端盖2之间，并使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11包括：
将第三部43连同与其连接的第一端盖2共同朝向第二部42弯折，直至使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11。
该实施例中的第三部43相对于第二部42可弯折地设置，在电连接时，第三部43与第二部42之间具有预设夹角，以便为第三部43与第一电极端子22的电连接(例如焊接)提供操作空间；在电连接之后，通过向第一端盖2施加外力使第三部43绕其与第二部42的连接边弯折，直至第一端盖2封闭第一开口11。由此，该实施例能够通过使第三部43弯折的装配方式，能够实现第三部43与第一电极端子22的电连接以及第一端盖2的装配。
在一些实施例中，壳体1沿第一方向x的另一端设有第二开口11’，电极组件3还包括从主体部31引出的第二极耳32’，电池单体10还包括：第二端盖2’和第二转接件4’。第二端盖2’用于封闭第二开口12，第二端盖2’包括端盖本体21和设在端盖本体21上的第二电极端子22’。第二转接件4’包括第一部41和第二部42；本申请的制造方法还包括：
S115、将第二转接件4’的第二部42与第二电极端子22’电连接，并使第二转接件4’的第一部41位于主体部31引出第二极耳32’的一侧，将第二转接件4’的第一部41与第二极耳32’电连接；
S130将电极组件3放入壳体1内包括：将电极组件3连同第二端盖2’、第二转接件4’、第一转接件4从第二开口11’放入壳体1内，并使第二端盖2’封闭第二开口11’。
其中，S115在图中未示意出，其在S110与S120之间执行。S115中，若采用焊接将第二部42与第二电极端子22’电连接，可从第二转接件4’的第一部41远离第二电极端子22’的侧面进行焊接。
最后，本申请提供了一种电池单体10的制造装置300，在一些实施例中，如图13，制造装置300包括：
零件提供部件310，被配置为提供壳体1、电极组件3、第一端盖2和第一转接件4，其中，壳体1沿第一方向x的一端设有第一开口11，第一端盖2包括端盖本体21和设 在端盖本体21上的第一电极端子22，电极组件3包括主体部31和从主体部31引出的第一极耳32，第一转接件4包括第一部41、第二部42和第三部43，第二部42与第一部41连接，第三部43沿第二方向y的第一端连接于第二部42沿第二方向y的侧端，第二方向y垂直于第一方向x；
极耳连接部件320，被配置为将第一转接件4放置于第一部41位于主体部31引出第一极耳32的一侧，且第二部42位于主体部31靠近第一端盖2的一侧，并将第一转接件4的第一部41与第一极耳32电连接；
电极安装部件330，被配置为将电极组件3从第一开口11放入壳体1内；
端子连接部件340，被配置为将第一转接件4的第三部43与第一电极端子22电连接；和
端盖封口部件350，被配置为使第三部43的至少部分位于第二部42与第一端盖2之间，并使第一端盖2封闭第一开口11。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电池单体(10)，包括：
    壳体(1)，沿第一方向(x)的一端设有第一开口(11)；
    第一端盖(2)，用于封闭所述第一开口(11)，所述第一端盖(2)包括端盖本体(21)和设在所述端盖本体(21)上的第一电极端子(22)；
    电极组件(3)，设在所述壳体(1)内，所述电极组件(3)包括主体部(31)和从所述主体部(31)引出的第一极耳(32)；和
    第一转接件(4)，包括第一部(41)、第二部(42)和第三部(43)，所述第一部(41)位于所述主体部(31)引出所述第一极耳(32)的一侧并与所述第一极耳(32)电连接，所述第二部(42)位于所述主体部(31)靠近所述第一端盖(2)的一侧并与所述第一部(41)连接，所述第三部(43)沿第二方向(y)的第一端连接于所述第二部(42)沿第二方向(y)的侧端，所述第三部(43)的至少部分位于所述第二部(42)与所述端盖本体(21)之间且与所述第一电极端子(22)电连接，其中，所述第二方向(y)垂直于所述第一方向(x)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述第二方向(y)与所述电极组件(3)的厚度方向一致。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述第一极耳(32)从所述主体部(31)沿第三方向(z)的侧端引出，所述第三方向(z)垂直于所述第一方向(x)和所述第二方向(y)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述电极组件(3)还包括从所述主体部(31)引出的第二极耳(32’)，所述第一极耳(32)和所述第二极耳(32’)极性相反，且从所述主体部(31)的同一侧端引出。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述第三部(43)沿所述第二方向(y)的第二端为自由端，所述第三部(43)被配置为连同与其连接的所述第一端盖(2)共同朝向所述第二部(42)弯折，以使所述第一端盖(2)封闭所述第一开口(11)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述第一部(41)、所述第二部(42)和所述第三部(43)均为板状结构，所述第一部(41)和所述第二部(42)垂直设置，所述第二部(42)和所述第三部(43)平行设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一项所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述第二部(42)连接所述第三部(43)的位置相对于所述第二部(42)沿所述第二方向(y)的外侧边缩回预设距离。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任一项所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述第三部(43)与所述第二部(42)的连接处设有薄弱区。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述薄弱区包括沿第三方向(z)延伸的厚度减薄部(44)和通槽(45)中的至少一个，所述第三方向(z)垂直于所述第一方向(x)和所述第二方向(y)。
  10. 根据权利要求1～9任一项所述的电池单体(10)，其中，所述第一转接件(4)采用多个层结构(46)叠加形成。
  11. 根据权利要求1～10任一项所述的电池单体(10)，所述壳体(1)沿所述第一方向(x)的另一端设有第二开口(11’)，电极组件(3)还包括从所述主体部(31)引出的第二极耳(32’)，所述电池单体(10)还包括：
    第二端盖(2’)，用于封闭所述第二开口(12)，所述第二端盖(2’)包括端盖本体(21)和设在所述端盖本体(21)上的第二电极端子(22’)；和
    第二转接件(4’)，包括所述第一部(41)和所述第二部(42)，所述第一部(41)位于所述主体部(31)引出所述第二极耳(32’)的一侧并与所述第二极耳(32’)电连接，所述第二部(42)位于所述主体部(31)靠近所述第二端盖(2’)的一侧并与所述第一部(41)连接，且所述第二部(42)与所述第二电极端子(22’)电连接。
  12. 一种电池(100)，包括权利要求1～11任一项所述的电池单体(10)。
  13. 一种用电装置，包括权利要求12所述的电池(100)，所述电池(100)用于对所述用电装置提供电能。
  14. 一种电池单体(10)的制造方法，包括：
    提供待组装零件，包括：壳体(1)、电极组件(3)、第一端盖(2)和第一转接件(4)，其中，所述壳体(1)沿第一方向(x)的一端设有第一开口(11)，所述第一端盖(2)包括端盖本体(21)和设在所述端盖本体(21)上的第一电极端子(22)，所述电极组件(3)包括主体部(31)和从所述主体部(31)引出的第一极耳(32)，所述第一转接件(4)包括第一部(41)、第二部(42)和第三部(43)，所述第二部(42)与所述第一部(41)连接，所述第三部(43)沿第二方向(y)的第一端连接于所述第二部(42)沿第二方向(y)的侧端，所述第二方向(y)垂直于所述第一方向(x)；
    将所述第一转接件(4)放置于第一部(41)位于所述主体部(31)引出所述第一极 耳(32)的一侧，且所述第二部(42)位于所述主体部(31)靠近所述第一端盖(2)的一侧，并将所述第一转接件(4)的第一部(41)与所述第一极耳(32)电连接；
    将所述电极组件(3)放入所述壳体(1)内；
    将所述第一转接件(4)的第三部(43)与所述第一电极端子(22)电连接；
    使所述第三部(43)的至少部分位于所述第二部(42)与所述第一端盖(2)之间，并使所述第一端盖(2)封闭所述第一开口(11)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的制造方法，其中，在所述第一电极端子(22)与所述第三部(43)电连接时，所述第三部(43)与所述第二部(42)之间具有预设夹角；
    所述使所述第三部(43)的至少部分位于所述第二部(42)与所述第一端盖(2)之间，并使所述第一端盖(2)封闭所述第一开口(11)包括：
    将所述第三部(43)连同与其连接的所述第一端盖(2)共同朝向所述第二部(42)弯折，直至使所述第一端盖(2)封闭所述第一开口(11)。
  16. 一种电池单体(10)的制造装置(300)，包括：
    零件提供部件(310)，被配置为提供壳体(1)、电极组件(3)、第一端盖(2)和第一转接件(4)，其中，所述壳体(1)沿第一方向(x)的一端设有第一开口(11)，所述第一端盖(2)包括端盖本体(21)和设在所述端盖本体(21)上的第一电极端子(22)，所述电极组件(3)包括主体部(31)和从所述主体部(31)引出的第一极耳(32)，所述第一转接件(4)包括第一部(41)、第二部(42)和第三部(43)，所述第二部(42)与所述第一部(41)连接，所述第三部(43)沿第二方向(y)的第一端连接于所述第二部(42)沿第二方向(y)的侧端，所述第二方向(y)垂直于所述第一方向(x)；
    极耳连接部件(320)，被配置为将所述第一转接件(4)放置于第一部(41)位于所述主体部(31)引出所述第一极耳(32)的一侧，且所述第二部(42)位于所述主体部(31)靠近所述第一端盖(2)的一侧，并将所述第一转接件(4)的第一部(41)与所述第一极耳(32)电连接；
    电极安装部件(330)，被配置为将所述电极组件(3)从所述第一开口(11)放入所述壳体(1)内；
    端子连接部件(340)，被配置为将所述第一转接件(4)的第三部(43)与所述第一电极端子(22)电连接；和
    端盖封口部件(350)，被配置为使所述第三部(43)的至少部分位于所述第二部(42)与所述第一端盖(2)之间，并使所述第一端盖(2)封闭所述第一开口(11)。
PCT/CN2021/123964 2021-10-15 2021-10-15 电池单体及其制造方法、制造装置、电池、用电装置 WO2023060526A1 (zh)

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