WO2023051765A1 - 一种高压连接机构、电能传输装置及机动车辆 - Google Patents
一种高压连接机构、电能传输装置及机动车辆 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
- H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
- H01R13/6591—Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members
- H01R13/6592—Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members the conductive member being a shielded cable
- H01R13/6593—Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members the conductive member being a shielded cable the shield being composed of different pieces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
- H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
- H01R13/6591—Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members
- H01R13/65912—Specific features or arrangements of connection of shield to conductive members for shielded multiconductor cable
- H01R13/65917—Connection to shield by means of resilient members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/193—Means for increasing contact pressure at the end of engagement of coupling part, e.g. zero insertion force or no friction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/502—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces
- H01R13/504—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces different pieces being moulded, cemented, welded, e.g. ultrasonic, or swaged together
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
- H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
-
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- H01R31/00—Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
- H01R31/08—Short-circuiting members for bridging contacts in a counterpart
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a high-voltage connection mechanism, an electric energy transmission device and a motor vehicle.
- the new energy battery of the new energy vehicle uses a charging system to supplement energy.
- the charging system also has a high-voltage connection mechanism connected to the battery system.
- the charging harness is the most important unit in the high-voltage system of an electric vehicle.
- the traditional charging harness uses copper wires as charging cables, and the ends of the copper wires are connected to plug terminals. , is electrically connected to the battery system.
- the current high-voltage connection mechanism is an assembly structure connector, which has problems such as complex structure, difficult assembly, and high cost of the connector.
- the amount of copper used in cables and terminals is high, and the connection process is more complicated.
- the cost of the high-voltage connection mechanism is also high. s reason.
- the general charging system will install a temperature measurement structure on the charging base, and there is no setting on the charging harness connector, but the conduction current is the same.
- the temperature of the charging harness connector rises, it also needs to be monitored and stopped charging in time work to protect the safety of the charging harness and battery system.
- high voltage cables and data communication cables are used for conduction of current and signals.
- high-voltage cables and data communication cables usually use shielded cables.
- the shield of the shielded cable is connected to the shield and grounded.
- a shielded cable usually includes a guide core and a shielding layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside.
- the end of the cable is usually connected with a connector.
- the connector generally does not have a shielding device for shielding, resulting in a large electromagnetic interference at the connector position.
- a metal cover is provided inside or outside the connector to achieve a shielding effect.
- the metal cover is difficult to process and the cost is high; the assembly of the metal cover and the connector is also more troublesome, which increases the assembly man-hour; and when the metal cover is inside the connection part, it is easy to short-circuit with the conductor core, resulting in damage to the shielding layer or even the cable being damaged. Burned out, serious accident occurred.
- the charging system urgently needs a high-voltage connection mechanism and power transmission device with simple structure, cost advantage, and self-shielding effect.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage connection mechanism.
- the male-end shielding shell and the female-end shielding shell are integrally injection-molded.
- the processing is simple and the cost is much lower than that of the shielding metal shell.
- the electrical connection with the cable shielding network can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference inside the high-voltage connection mechanism and reduce the electromagnetic interference to other equipment.
- the present invention provides a high-voltage connection mechanism, which includes a male-end connection mechanism and a female-end connection mechanism.
- the male-end connection mechanism includes a first cable, a plug-in terminal, and is integrated with the first cable and the plug-in terminal.
- the female end connection mechanism includes a plug-in terminal, a second cable, and the plug-in terminal and the second wire
- the female end shell integrally formed with the cable, and the female end shielding shell arranged outside the female end shell; the male end connection mechanism and the female end connection mechanism pass through the plug terminal and the mating terminal Electrically connected, the male end shell is connected to the female end shell, and the male end shielding shell is connected to the female end shielding shell.
- the first cable includes a first shielding layer, and the male end shielding shell is at least partially electrically connected to the first shielding layer;
- the second cable includes a second shielding layer layer, the female terminal shielding shell is at least partially electrically connected to the second shielding layer.
- the shielding shell of the male terminal includes a first shielding device, the first cable includes a first shielding layer, and the first shielding device is arranged at least part of the outer periphery of the first shielding layer, so The first shielding layer is electrically connected to the male-end shielding shell through the first shielding device; the female-end shielding shell includes a second shielding device, the second cable includes a second shielding layer, and the first shielding shell includes a second shielding device.
- Two shielding devices are disposed on at least part of the outer periphery of the second shielding layer, and the second shielding layer is electrically connected to the female terminal shielding shell through the second shielding device.
- the inner surface of the shielding shell of the male end is provided with a first conductive elastic piece
- the first cable includes a first shielding layer
- the first conductive elastic piece is connected to the first shielding layer
- the first conductive elastic piece applies pressure to the first shielding layer
- the inner surface of the female terminal shielding shell is provided with a second conductive elastic piece
- the second cable includes a second shielding layer
- the second conductive The elastic piece is connected to the second shielding layer, and the second conductive elastic piece exerts pressure on the second shielding layer.
- the upper pressure range of the first conductive elastic sheet applied to the first shielding layer is 0.3N-95N; the upper pressure range of the second conductive elastic sheet applied to the second shielding layer is 0.3N-95N.
- the first cable includes a first shielding layer, and the impedance between the male terminal shielding shell and the first shielding layer is less than 80m ⁇ ;
- the second cable includes a second shielding layer , the impedance between the female terminal shielding shell and the second shielding layer is less than 80m ⁇ .
- the transfer impedance of the shielding shell at the male end or the shielding shell at the female end is less than 100 m ⁇ .
- the plug terminal includes a first fixing part and an insertion part arranged in sequence, the first fixing part is electrically connected to the conductive part of the first cable, and the insertion part is Sheet or with primary grip groove.
- the plug-in part is sheet-shaped, and the plug-in part at least partially protrudes from the male end shell, or the male end shell has a first accommodating cavity, and the plug-in part at least partially Protrude from the bottom surface of the first accommodating cavity, but not beyond the male end housing.
- At least part of the first clamping groove protrudes from the outer wall of the male end housing, or a first opening boss is provided on the male end housing, and the insertion part is at least partially disposed on the outer wall of the male end housing. inside the first opening boss.
- the male-end shielding shell covers at least part of the male-end shell, the male-end shielding shell has an opening, and the plug-in part protrudes from the opening or is in the opening .
- the male end connection mechanism includes an interlock connector, and at least part of the interlock connector is integrally molded in the male end housing.
- the mating terminal includes a second fixing part and a mating part arranged in sequence, the second fixing part is electrically connected to the conductive part of the second cable, and the mating part is Sheet-shaped or with a second clip groove;
- the plug-in terminal includes a first fixed part and a plug-in part arranged in sequence, the plug-in part is electrically connected to the plug-in part, and the plug-in part is sheet-shaped Or with the first clip groove.
- a clip is sheathed on the outer periphery of the first clip groove or the second clip groove, and the material of the clip is memory alloy.
- the transformation temperature of the memory alloy is set within the range of 40°C-70°C, and when the temperature of the clip is lower than the transformation temperature, the clip is in an expanded state; When the temperature of the clip is higher than the transformation temperature, the clip is in a clamped state.
- a clip is sheathed on the outer periphery of the first clip groove or the second clip groove, and the clip includes a side wall and an elastic unit fixed on the side wall, and the elastic unit and The contact connection of the first clamping groove or the second clamping groove.
- the force applied by the elastic unit to the first clamping groove or the second clamping groove ranges from 3N-200N.
- the elastic unit is an elastic rubber body, a spring or a metal shrapnel.
- the plug-in part is sheet-shaped, and the plug-in part at least partially protrudes from the housing of the female end, or the housing of the female end has a second accommodating cavity, and the plug-in part at least partially Protrude from the bottom surface of the second accommodating cavity, but not beyond the housing of the female end.
- the mating part has a second clamping groove, and the second clamping groove at least partially protrudes from the outer wall of the female end housing, or the female end housing is provided with a second opening boss , the mating portion is at least partially disposed in the second opening boss.
- the plug-in part or the plug-in part is formed by stacking multi-layer terminal stacks, the plug-in part has a first clamping groove, and the first clamping groove and the sheet-shaped The mating part is mated and connected; or the mating part has a second clip groove, and the second clip groove is mated and connected with the sheet-shaped plug part.
- the terminal stack includes a terminal fixing portion, and the first clamping groove or the second clamping groove is fixedly connected to the terminal fixing portion.
- two adjacent terminal fixing parts are connected together by crimping, welding, screwing, riveting or splicing.
- first clamping groove or the second clamping groove is contact-connected between two adjacent terminal stacks.
- the gap between two adjacent terminal laminations of the first clamping groove or the second clamping groove is less than 0.2 mm.
- the female connection mechanism has a high-voltage interlock structure, and the high-voltage interlock structure is electrically connected with the interlock connector to form a loop.
- the male end connection mechanism and/or the female end connection mechanism has a sealing structure.
- the sealing structure is overmolded on the male end connection mechanism and/or the female end connection mechanism.
- the male end connection mechanism and/or the female end connection mechanism has at least one temperature measuring structure for measuring the temperature of the plug terminal and/or the mating terminal.
- the temperature measuring structure is attached to the plug terminal and/or the mating terminal, and is used to measure the temperature of the plug terminal and/or the mating terminal.
- the male-end connection mechanism and the female-end connection mechanism are connected through adhesive connection, magnetic connection, bayonet connection, plug connection, lock connection, binding connection, screw connection, rivet connection and welding Connection in one or more ways.
- At least part of the outer circumference of the shielding shell at the male end or the shielding shell at the female end is injection-molded with an outer insulating shell at the male end or an outer insulating shell at the female end.
- the plugging force between the plug terminal and the counter-plug terminal is between 3N-150N.
- the plugging force between the plug terminal and the mating terminal is between 10N-130N.
- the contact resistance between the plug terminal and the mating terminal is less than 9m ⁇ .
- the contact resistance between the plug terminal and the counter-plug terminal is less than 1 m ⁇ .
- the number of plugging and unplugging between the male end connection mechanism and the female end connection mechanism is greater than or equal to 10 times.
- the weight of the female connection mechanism is less than or equal to 215g.
- the height of the female end connection mechanism along the plug-in and pull-out direction is less than or equal to 276mm.
- At least part of the surface of the plug terminal and/or the mating terminal is provided with a conductive anti-corrosion layer.
- the conductive part of the first cable is integrated with the plug terminal.
- the conductive part of the second cable is integrated with the mating terminal.
- the present invention provides an electric energy transmission device, comprising the high-voltage connection mechanism described in any one of the above.
- the present invention provides a motor vehicle, comprising the high-voltage connection mechanism described in any one of the above.
- the high-voltage connection mechanism of the present invention is provided with an injection-molded male-end shielding shell and a female-end shielding shell.
- the processing is simple, and the cost is much lower than that of a shielded metal shell.
- the electrical connection of the cable shielding layer can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference inside the high-voltage connection mechanism and reduce the electromagnetic interference to other equipment.
- the shielding shell at the male end and the shielding shell at the female end of the present invention are connected to the cable shielding layer in various ways, which can stably and effectively connect the shielding shell and the shielding layer, and achieve better shielding effect.
- the terminal and the cable of the present invention are integrally injection-molded in the male-end housing and the female-end housing, without the need for terminal insertion and other work, reducing processing steps and production costs, and the integrally injection-molded male end
- the shell and the female end shell are simple in structure, do not require high-precision injection molds, and because of complete sealing, the insulation effect is good.
- the plug-in terminal can be mated with the plug-in terminal.
- the plug-in part or the plug-in part is a plurality of terminal laminations.
- the groove structure reduces the deformation and elastic weakening caused by the excessive thickness of the metal plate, and enables a larger contact area between the two to ensure the reliability of the connection and the conductive effect.
- the opposite plug terminal and the plug terminal can ensure a stable clamping structure, reduce deformation, and increase the strength of the plug connection structure.
- the embedded high-voltage interlock structure replaces the previous assembled high-voltage interlock, and is fixed in the connector by integral injection molding, without assembly, which reduces costs and fully meets the high-voltage interlock effect.
- the sealing structure of the connector is no longer a separate sealing ring, but a secondary injection molding sealing structure instead of the traditional sealing ring, which can be directly molded on the connector, and the injection molding combination is better and the cost is reduced.
- the temperature measuring mechanism is used to monitor the temperature of the terminals inside the connector independently, so as to avoid the failure to monitor the temperature of the connector due to the damage of the temperature sensor at other positions.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the high-voltage connection mechanism in the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of assembly of the female connection mechanism in the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing of the female end in the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the second cable and the mating terminal in the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of assembly of the male end connection mechanism in the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shielding shell of the male end in the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the male housing in the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first cable and the plug-in terminal in the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlock connector in the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the high voltage interlock structure of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the male end connection mechanism or the female end connection mechanism in the present invention.
- Fig. 12 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the male end connection mechanism or the female end connection mechanism in the present invention.
- Fig. 13 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the male end connection mechanism or the female end connection mechanism in the present invention.
- Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plug-in terminal and the counter-plug terminal in the present invention.
- Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clip in the present invention.
- Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembly of the male-end connection mechanism and the female-end connection mechanism in the present invention.
- Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another assembly of the male-end connection mechanism and the female-end connection mechanism in the present invention.
- the first shielding layer 32.
- the first shielding device 33.
- the first conductive shrapnel 34.
- the second shielding layer 35.
- the second shielding device 36.
- the second conductive shrapnel
- a high-voltage connection mechanism including a male-end connection mechanism 10 and a female-end connection mechanism 20,
- the male-end connection mechanism 10 includes a first cable 11, a plug terminal 12, and a The male end shell 13 and the male end shielding shell 14 arranged outside the male end shell 13;
- the female end connection mechanism 20 includes a second cable 21, a mating terminal 22, and the second cable 21 and the mating terminal 22 are integrated Formed female end shell 23 and female end shielding shell 24 arranged outside the female end shell 23;
- the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 are electrically connected to the mating terminal 22 through the plug terminal 12, and the male end shell 13 is connected to the female end shell 23, and the male end shielding shell 14 is connected to the female end shielding shell 24, as shown in FIGS. 1-7.
- the high-voltage connection mechanism of the present invention is provided with an injection-molded male-end shielding shell 14 and a female-end shielding shell 24.
- the processing is simple and the cost is much lower than that of a shielded metal shell.
- the electrical connection with the cable shielding layer can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference inside the high-voltage connection mechanism and reduce the electromagnetic interference to other equipment.
- the material of the insertion terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22 is nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, phosphorus, tellurium,
- One or more metal conductive materials of beryllium and lead, these materials are stable and have good conductivity, and the preferred material is a material containing copper or copper alloy or aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- the conductive part of the first cable 11 or the second cable 21 is made of one or more of aluminum, phosphorus, tin, copper, iron, manganese, chromium, titanium and lithium, Among them, the material of the conductive part of the cable contains aluminum or aluminum alloy, which is one of the main means of energy saving and cost reduction in the near future.
- copper wires are used to conduct current. Copper has high conductivity and good ductility. However, as the price of copper increases day by day, the material cost of using copper as a wire will become higher and higher. For this reason, people begin to look for the substitute of metallic copper to reduce cost. The content of metal aluminum in the earth's crust is about 7.73%.
- the price is relatively low.
- aluminum is lighter in weight and its conductivity is second only to copper.
- Aluminum can replace part of copper in the field of electrical connections. Therefore, it is a development trend to replace copper with aluminum in the field of automotive electrical connections.
- the first cable 11 includes a first shielding layer 31, and the male end shielding shell 14 is at least partially electrically connected to the first shielding layer 31;
- the second cable 21 includes a second shielding layer 34, and the female The end shielding shell 24 is at least partially electrically connected to the second shielding layer 34 , as shown in FIG. 11 .
- the first shielding layer 31 and the second shielding layer 34 are respectively arranged outside the conductive cores of the first cable 11 and the second cable 21, and the first cable 11 Electromagnetic shielding is carried out with the electromagnetic field generated after the second cable 21 is energized.
- first cable 11 includes a first shielding layer 31, and the male end shielding shell 14 is at least partially electrically connected to the first shielding layer 31;
- second cable 21 includes a second shielding layer 34, and the female end shielding shell 24 is at least partially electrically connected to the second shielding layer 34 , as shown in FIGS. 11-13 .
- the male end shielding shell 14 is at least partially electrically connected to the first shielding layer 31, and the female end shielding shell 24 is at least partially electrically connected to the second shielding layer 34 to form a closed electromagnetic shielding structure, which can make the electromagnetic shielding The effect is optimal, and a closed electromagnetic shielding structure is formed, thereby effectively controlling the radiation of electromagnetic waves and having a good shielding effect.
- the male end shielding shell 14 includes a first shielding device 32, the first cable 11 includes a first shielding layer 31, the first shielding device 32 is disposed on at least part of the outer periphery of the first shielding layer 31, and the first shielding layer 31 is electrically connected to the male end shielding shell 14 through the first shielding device 32;
- the female end shielding shell 24 includes a second shielding device 35, the second cable 21 includes a second shielding layer 34, and the second shielding device 35 is arranged on the second At least part of the outer periphery of the shielding layer 34 , the second shielding layer 34 is electrically connected to the female terminal shielding shell 24 through the second shielding device 35 , as shown in FIG. 12 .
- the first shielding layer 31 or the second shielding layer 34 can be a shielding mesh or conductive foil, the first shielding layer 31 or the second shielding layer 34 is a soft structure, and the male end shielding shell 14 and the female end shielding shell 24 Generally, it is a rigid structure. When the two are in contact, due to the deformation of the first shielding layer 31 or the second shielding layer 34, the male end shielding shell 14 or the female end shielding shell 24 will be in contact with the first shielding layer 31 or the second shielding layer 34.
- the second shielding layer 34 is temporarily disconnected, so that the impedance of the contact position changes, resulting in the contact between the first shielding layer 31 of the first cable 11 and the male end shielding shell 14 or the second shielding layer 34 of the second cable 21
- the shielding effect of the connection structure with the female terminal shielding shell 24 is unstable, thereby affecting signal transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to use the first shielding layer 31 and the first shielding device 32, and the second shielding device 35 is connected stably with the second shielding layer 34, and the first shielding device 32 or the second shielding device 35 is generally a rigid structure, which is convenient to be connected with
- the male-end shielding shell 14 may form a good electrical connection with the female-end shielding shell 24 to achieve a stable shielding effect.
- the inner surface of the male end shielding shell 14 is provided with a first conductive elastic piece 33
- the first cable 11 includes a first shielding layer 31
- the first conductive elastic piece 33 is connected to the first shielding layer 31, and the first conductive
- the elastic sheet 33 exerts pressure on the first shielding layer 31
- the inner surface of the female terminal shielding shell is provided with a second conductive elastic sheet 36
- the second cable 21 includes a second shielding layer 34
- the second conductive elastic sheet 36 and the second shielding layer 34 connected the second conductive spring 36 exerts pressure on the second shielding layer 34 , as shown in FIG. 13 .
- the male end shielding shell 14 is connected to the first shielding layer 31 through the first conductive elastic piece 33, and the female end shielding shell 24 is connected to the second shielding layer 34 through the second conductive elastic piece 36.
- the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the second conductive elastic piece 36 At least part of it has elasticity, and this part has a tendency to shrink inwards to compress the first cable 11 or the second cable 21, on the one hand, it ensures that the male end shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31, and the female end shielding shell 24 and the first shielding layer 31
- the stability of the electrical connection between the second shielding layers 34, on the other hand the first cable 11 can be inserted into the male-end shielding shell 14 to achieve contact connection with the first conductive elastic piece 33, and the second cable 21 is inserted into the female-end shielding shell At 24 o'clock, the contact connection with the second conductive elastic piece 36 can be realized, which saves assembly and processing man-hours, as shown in FIGS. 11-13 .
- the upper pressure range of the first conductive elastic piece 33 applied to the first shielding layer 31 is 0.3N-95N; the upper pressure range of the second conductive elastic piece 36 applied to the second shielding layer 34 is 0.3N-95N.
- the inventor has carried out a targeted test, taking the pressure applied by the first conductive elastic piece 33 to the first shielding layer 31 as an example, the invention People selected the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the first shielding layer 31 of the same shape and size, and designed the pressure between the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the first shielding layer 31 to be different pressures to observe the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the contact resistance between the first shielding layer 31.
- Table 1 The influence of the pressure of different conductive shrapnel and shielding layer on the contact resistance:
- the detection method of contact resistance is to use a micro-resistance measuring instrument to measure the resistance at the contact position between the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the first shielding layer 31, and read the value on the micro-resistance measuring instrument.
- contact A resistance less than 50 ⁇ is ideal.
- the inventor found that when the pressure between the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the first shielding layer 31 is greater than 0.5N, the contact resistance value between the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the first shielding layer 31 is relatively good, and the trend of reduction is very strong. fast, and the pressure between the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the first shielding layer 31 is less than 50N, the manufacture, installation and use of the conductive elastic piece are very convenient, and the cost is also very low. Therefore, the inventor preferably applies the first conductive elastic piece 33 to The upper pressure range of the first shielding layer 31 is 0.5N-50N; the upper pressure range of the second conductive spring 36 applied to the second shielding layer 34 is 0.5N-50N.
- connection between the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the male-end shielding shell 14, and between the second conductive elastic piece 36 and the female-end shielding shell 24 adopts welding, bonding, integral injection molding, and embedding. or card connection.
- Welding methods including laser welding, ultrasonic welding, resistance welding, pressure diffusion welding or brazing, etc., use concentrated heat or pressure to make the first conductive shrapnel 33 and the male end shielding shell 14 or the second conductive shrapnel 36 and the female end
- the contact position on the inner surface of the shielding shell 24 produces fusion connection, and the connection is stable by welding, and the connection of dissimilar materials can also be realized. Since the contact position is fused, the conductive effect is better.
- the bonding method is to use conductive glue to bond the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the male-end shielding shell 14 or the second conductive elastic piece 36 and the inner surface of the female-end shielding shell 24 together.
- This method does not require the use of equipment.
- Conductive glue so that the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the male terminal shielding shell 14 or the second conductive elastic piece 36 and the inner surface of the female terminal shielding shell 24 are fully electrically connected, the conductive effect is good, but the connection strength is low, and it is suitable for connecting The strength requirement is not high, and the melting point or strength of the inner surface of the first conductive elastic piece 33 and the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24 is relatively low.
- the integral injection molding method is to put the first conductive elastic piece 33 or the second conductive elastic piece 36 into the injection mold.
- it is directly integrally injected on the inner surface of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24, and processed Simple and fast, no other assembly process, saving assembly time.
- the embedding method is to set a groove on the inner surface of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24, and then insert the first conductive elastic piece 33 or the second conductive elastic piece 36 into the groove, so that the first conductive elastic piece 33 or the second conductive elastic piece 36
- the second conductive elastic piece 36 is fixed on the inner surface of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24 .
- the clamping method is to set claws or claws on the inner surface of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24, and set corresponding grooves or claws on the first conductive elastic piece 33 or the second conductive elastic piece 36, and then insert The claws and the slots are assembled and connected, so that the first conductive elastic piece 33 or the second conductive elastic piece 36 is fixed on the inner surface of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24 .
- the male-end shielding shell 14 and the female-end shielding shell 24 of the present invention are connected to the cable shielding net in various ways, which can stably and effectively connect the shielding shell and the shielding net to achieve a better shielding effect.
- the first cable 11 includes a first shielding layer 31, and the impedance between the male end shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31 is less than 80 m ⁇ ;
- the second cable 21 includes a second shielding layer 34, and the female end The impedance between the shielding shell 24 and the second shielding layer 34 is less than 80m ⁇ .
- the impedance between the male end shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31, and the impedance between the female end shielding shell 24 and the second shielding layer 34 should be as small as possible, so that the first shielding layer 31 and the second shielding layer 34 produce The current will flow back to the energy source or the grounding position without hindrance; the impedance between the male end shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31, and the impedance between the female end shielding shell 24 and the second shielding layer 34 are relatively large, A large current will be generated between the male end shielding shell 14 or the female end shielding shell 24 and the first shielding layer 31, so that the connection between the first cable 11 and the plug terminal 12 or the connection between the second cable 21 and the first shielding layer 31 will be generated. Greater radiation is generated at the connection of the mating terminal 22 .
- the inventor selected the first cable 11 and the plug-in terminal 12 of the same specification, and selected different
- the impedance between the male end shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31 has produced a series of samples of the connection structure of the male end connecting mechanism 10, and sealed the opening of the male end shielding shell 14 with a metal shielding device to ensure that the entire male end The end shield shell 14 is in a fully shielded state.
- the shielding effect of the connection structure between the male shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31 was tested respectively, and the experimental results are shown in Table 2 below. In this embodiment, the shielding performance value greater than 40dB is an ideal value.
- the inventors set the first cable 11 to include the first shielding layer 31, and the impedance between the male-end shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31 is less than 80m ⁇ ;
- the cable 21 includes a second shielding layer 34, and the impedance between the female terminal shielding shell 24 and the second shielding layer 34 is less than 80 m ⁇ .
- the transfer impedance of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24 is less than 100 m ⁇ .
- Shielding materials usually use transfer impedance to characterize the shielding effect of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24. The higher the transfer impedance The smaller, the better the shielding effect.
- the transfer impedance of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24 is defined as the ratio of the differential mode voltage U induced by the shielding body per unit length to the current Is passing through the shielding body surface, namely:
- the inventor selected the first cable 11 and the plug-in terminal 12 of the same specification, and adopted different transfer impedances.
- a series of samples of the connection structure of the male end connection mechanism 10 were produced, and the opening of the male end shielding shell 14 was sealed with a metal shielding device to ensure that the entire male end shielding shell 14 was in a completely shielded state .
- the shielding effect of the connection structure between the male shielding shell 14 and the first shielding layer 31 was tested respectively, and the experimental results are shown in Table 3 below. In this embodiment, the shielding performance value greater than 40dB is an ideal value.
- the shielding performance value of the male-end connection mechanism 10 is less than 40dB, which does not meet the requirements of the ideal value, while the transfer impedance value of the male-end shielding shell 14 When it is less than 100m ⁇ , the shielding performance values of the male-end connection mechanism 10 all meet the requirements of the ideal value, and the trend is getting better and better.
- the test effect of the female-end shielding shell 24 is the same as that of the male-end shielding shell 14. Therefore, The inventors set the transfer impedance of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24 to be less than 100 m ⁇ .
- the material of the male-end shielding shell 14 or the female-end shielding shell 24 includes one or a combination of conductive ceramics, carbon-containing conductors, solid electrolytes, mixed conductors, and conductive polymer materials.
- the inventor took the male-end shielding shell 14 as an example and used materials of the same size and different materials to make a sample of the male-end shielding shell 14.
- the electrical conductivity of the male-end shielding shell 14 was tested respectively, and the experimental results are shown in Table 4 below. In this embodiment, the electrical conductivity of the male-end shielding shell 14 is greater than 99%, which is an ideal value.
- the conductivity of the male-end shielding shell 14 made of the selected material is within the ideal value range. Therefore, the inventors set the material of the male-end shielding shell 14 to be conductive ceramics, carbon-containing conductors, A combination of one or more of solid electrolytes, mixed conductors, and conductive polymer materials.
- the carbon-containing conductor contains one or more of graphite powder, carbon nanotube material, and graphene material.
- the conductive polymer material is a polymer material containing metal particles, and the material of the metal particles contains nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, phosphorus , tellurium, and beryllium, and the polymer material is made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer, ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene Copolymer, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, polyterephthalic acid, polyurethane elastomer, styrenic block copolymer, perfluoroalkoxyalkane, chlorinated polyethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, poly Styrene, silicone rubber, cross-linked polyolefin, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene/
- Polyoxymethylene is a smooth, glossy, hard and dense material, which is light yellow or white, and can be used for a long time in the temperature range of -40°C-100°C. Its wear resistance and self-lubrication are also superior to most engineering plastics, and it has good oil resistance and peroxide resistance.
- Polycarbonate colorless and transparent, heat-resistant, impact-resistant, flame-retardant BI grade, has good mechanical properties in normal use temperature. Compared with polymethyl methacrylate with similar performance, polycarbonate has good impact resistance, high refractive index, good processability, and has very high flame retardancy without additives.
- Polyamide non-toxic, light weight, excellent mechanical strength, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, can replace copper and other metals in the manufacture of bearings, gears, pumps in machinery, chemical, instrumentation, automobile and other industries leaves and other parts.
- the conductive polymer material is processed into a public body through one or more processes of extrusion process, injection molding process, dipping process, blow molding process, foaming process, spraying process, printing process, and 3D printing process.
- the injection molding process refers to the process of making a semi-finished product of a certain shape through operations such as pressurizing, injecting, cooling, and detaching molten raw materials.
- the plastic dipping process refers to the process in which the workpiece is heated by electricity to reach a certain temperature, and then dipped into the dipping liquid to let the dipping liquid solidify on the workpiece.
- the blow molding process is to use an extruder to extrude a tubular parison, put it into the mold while it is hot, and blow it with compressed air to make it reach the shape of the mold cavity, and the product is obtained after cooling and setting.
- the advantages are: it is suitable for a variety of plastics, it can produce large-scale products, it has high production efficiency, the temperature of the parison is more uniform and the investment in equipment is less.
- the foaming process refers to the formation of a honeycomb or porous structure through the addition and reaction of a physical foaming agent or a chemical foaming agent in the foaming molding process or foaming polymer material.
- the basic steps of foam molding are the formation of nuclei, the growth or expansion of nuclei, and the stabilization of nuclei. Under given temperature and pressure conditions, the solubility of the gas decreases, so that it reaches a saturated state, so that the excess gas is removed and bubbles are formed, thereby realizing nucleation.
- the spraying process is a coating method in which the spraying material is dispersed into uniform and fine droplets by means of pressure or centrifugal force through a spray gun or a disc atomizer, and then applied to the surface of the object to be coated. It can be divided into air spraying, airless spraying, electrostatic spraying and various derivatives of the above basic spraying forms.
- the printing process refers to the method of transferring ink or other viscous fluid materials to the surface of the object to be coated by using a printing plate, including screen printing, letterpress printing, flexographic printing, gravure printing or lithographic printing.
- 3D printing process is a kind of rapid prototyping technology, also known as additive manufacturing. It is a technology based on digital model files and using bondable materials such as powdered metal or plastic to construct objects by layer-by-layer printing. .
- the plug terminal 12 includes a first fixing part 121 and an insertion part 122 arranged in sequence, the first fixing part 121 is electrically connected to the conductive part of the first cable 11, and the insertion part 122 is a sheet or It has a first clamping groove 1221, as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 14 .
- the first fixing part 121 is electrically connected with the conductive part of the first cable 11 to realize the function of conducting current.
- the plug-in portion 122 of the plug-in terminal 12 is plug-connected with the counter-plug-in terminal 22 to realize electrical connection and conduction of current between the connectors.
- the first fixing part 121 and the conductive part at the front end of the first cable 11 are connected by resistance welding, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, pressure diffusion welding, magnetic induction welding, screw connection, snap connection , splicing and crimping in one or more ways to connect.
- the resistance welding method refers to a method that uses a strong current to pass through the contact point between the electrode and the workpiece to generate heat from the contact resistance to achieve welding.
- the first fixing part 121 and the first cable 11 are welded by resistance welding.
- the friction welding method refers to the method of using the heat generated by the friction of the contact surface of the workpiece as a heat source to cause the workpiece to undergo plastic deformation under pressure for welding.
- the first fixing part 121 and the first cable 11 are welded by friction welding.
- the ultrasonic welding method uses high-frequency vibration waves to transmit to the surfaces of two objects to be welded. Under pressure, the surfaces of the two objects are rubbed against each other to form fusion between molecular layers.
- the first fixed part 121 and the second fixed part 121 A cable 11 is ultrasonically welded.
- the arc welding method refers to using the arc as a heat source and using the physical phenomenon of air discharge to convert electrical energy into thermal energy and mechanical energy required for welding, so as to achieve the purpose of connecting metals.
- the main methods are electrode arc welding, submerged arc welding, and gas protection. welding etc.
- Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source.
- the electron beam welding method refers to the use of accelerated and focused electron beams to bombard the welding surface placed in a vacuum or non-vacuum, so that the workpiece to be welded is melted to achieve welding.
- the pressure welding method is a method of applying pressure to the weldment so that the joint surfaces are in close contact to produce a certain plastic deformation to complete the welding.
- the diffusion welding method refers to a solid-state welding method in which the workpiece is pressurized at high temperature without visible deformation and relative movement.
- the magnetic induction welding method is that two workpieces to be welded are subjected to an instantaneous high-speed collision under the action of a strong pulsed magnetic field. Form a stable metallurgical bond. It is a kind of solid state cold welding, and the first fixing part 121 and the first cable 11 with similar or dissimilar properties can be welded together.
- the threaded connection method refers to a threaded connection, a detachable connection in which the connected parts are integrated with a threaded part (or the threaded part of the connected part).
- Commonly used threaded joints include bolts, studs, screws and set screws, etc., mostly standard parts.
- the clamping method refers to setting corresponding claws or grooves on the connecting end or connecting surface, and assembling through the grooves and claws to make them connected together.
- the advantage of the card connection method is that the connection is fast and detachable.
- the splicing method refers to setting corresponding grooves and protrusions on the connecting end or connecting surface, and mortising or splicing the grooves and protrusions to assemble each other to make them connected together.
- the advantage of splicing is that the connection is stable and detachable.
- Crimping method is a production process in which the connecting end and the connecting surface are assembled, and then the two are stamped together using a crimping machine.
- the advantage of crimping is mass production. By using an automatic crimping machine, it is possible to quickly manufacture a large number of stable quality products.
- connection method According to the actual use environment, an appropriate connection method or combination of connection methods can be selected based on the actual use state of the first fixing part 121 of the plug terminal 12 and the first cable 11, so as to realize an effective electrical connection. .
- the inserting portion 122 is in the form of a sheet, and the inserting portion 122 at least partially protrudes from the male end shell 13, or the male end shell 13 has a first accommodating cavity, and the inserting portion 122 at least partially protrudes from the bottom surface of the first accommodating cavity, but does not exceed the male end housing 13 .
- the insertion part 122 is at least partly protrudingly arranged outside the male end housing 13, and can be directly connected to the plug terminal 12 in the female end housing 23, or can be arranged inside the first accommodating cavity of the male end housing 13.
- the plug terminal 12 in the female housing 23 goes deep into the first accommodating cavity, and is plugged in with the plug portion 122 .
- the insertion part 122 has a first clamping groove 1221 , and the first clamping groove 1221 at least partially protrudes from the outer wall of the male end shell 13 , or the male end shell 13 is provided with a second clamping groove 1221 .
- An opening boss, the insertion part 122 is at least partially disposed in the first opening boss.
- the insertion portion 122 protrudes from the male housing 13 and can be plugged in with the insertion terminal 12 disposed in the first opening boss.
- the male end shell 13 has a first accommodating cavity, and the plug-in part 122 at least partially protrudes from the bottom surface of the first accommodating cavity, but does not exceed the male end shell 13, and can be plugged with the protruding outer wall of the female end shell 23. Terminal 12 for mating connection.
- the male end shielding shell 14 covers at least part of the male end shell 13 , the male end shielding shell 14 has an opening, and the insertion part 122 protrudes from the opening or is inside the opening.
- the socket part 122 in the male end housing 13 can be plugged in with the plug terminal 12 , and the male shielding shell 14 can be plugged in with the female shielding shell 24 to realize shielded electrical connection.
- the male-end connection mechanism 10 includes an interlock connector 15 , and the interlock connector 15 is at least partly integrally molded in the male-end housing 13 .
- High-voltage interlock is a safety design method that uses low-voltage signals to monitor the integrity of high-voltage circuits. The specific implementation forms of high-voltage interlocks have different designs for different projects. High-voltage interlocks monitor the accidental disconnection of high-voltage circuits to avoid sudden In the event of a loss of power, damage to the car is caused.
- the high-voltage interlock in this embodiment has an interlock connector 15 at one end, which is a U-shaped or V-shaped low-voltage circuit that has two pairs of pins and is electrically connected to the two pairs of pins. It does not need to be installed and can be Through integral injection molding, it is directly molded in the male end shell 13, and matched with the high-voltage interlock structure 25 in the female end connection mechanism 20 to form a low-voltage monitoring circuit, as shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17, when this embodiment When the charging harness connector in the battery is accidentally disconnected, the interlock connector 15 and the high-voltage interlock structure 25 will also be disconnected at the same time, and the low-voltage monitoring circuit will give an alarm to the central control system, so that the car will not be shut down due to a sudden loss of power. cause damage.
- the mating terminal 22 includes a second fixing portion 221 and a mating portion 222 arranged in sequence, and the second fixing portion 221 is electrically connected to the conductive part of the second cable 21 , the plug-in portion 222 is sheet-shaped or has a second clip groove 2221; the plug-in terminal 12 includes a first fixed portion 121 and a plug-in portion 122 arranged in sequence, and the plug-in portion 222 is electrically connected to the plug-in portion 122.
- the part 122 is sheet-shaped or has a first clamping groove 1221 .
- the sheet-shaped plug-in part 222 is connected to the first clamping groove 1221 of the plug-in part 122, or the sheet-shaped plug-in part 122 is connected to the second clamping groove 2221 of the plug-in part 222 to realize plug-in
- the electrical connection between the terminal 22 and the plug terminal 12 also realizes the electrical connection between the first cable 11 and the second cable 21 , so that the electric current can be safely and stably conducted.
- the conductive part of the second fixing part 221 and the front end of the second cable 21 adopts resistance welding, friction welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, pressure diffusion welding, magnetic induction welding, screw connection
- resistance welding friction welding
- ultrasonic welding ultrasonic welding
- arc welding laser welding
- electron beam welding electron beam welding
- pressure diffusion welding pressure diffusion welding
- magnetic induction welding screw connection
- screw connection One or more of the methods of , clipping, splicing and crimping. This solution is the same as the connection method between the first fixing part 121 and the first cable 11 , and will not be repeated here.
- a clip 50 is sheathed on the outer periphery of the first clip groove 1221 or the second clip groove 2221 , and the material of the clip 50 is memory alloy.
- Memory alloy is a smart metal with memory. Its microstructure has two relatively stable states. At high temperature, this alloy can be changed into any desired shape, and at lower temperature, the alloy can be stretched. , but if it is reheated, it will remember its original shape and change back. The crystal structure of the memory alloy is different above and below the transformation temperature, but when the temperature changes up and down the transformation temperature, the memory alloy It will shrink or expand, causing its shape to change.
- the memory alloy is Nitinol.
- the transformation temperature of the memory alloy is set within the range of 40°C-70°C.
- the temperature of the clip 50 is lower than the transformation temperature, the clip 50 is in an expanded state;
- the temperature is higher than the transformation temperature, the clip 50 is in a clamped state.
- the transformation temperature is selected between 40°C and 70°C, because if the transformation temperature is lower than 40°C, the ambient temperature of the plug terminal 12, the mating terminal 22 and the clamp 50 will be lower if there is no conduction current. It will also reach close to 40°C. At this time, the clamp 50 will be in a clamped state, and the strip-shaped groove of the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221 of the plug-in terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22 becomes smaller, and the plug-in terminal 12 If it cannot be inserted into the mating terminal 22 , the plugging structure between the plugging terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 will not be able to be plugged, and it will not be able to work.
- the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 begin to conduct electricity after they are plugged together. Since the clip 50 is in an expanded state at the beginning of mating, the contact area between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 is small, and the current Larger, resulting in the insertion of the plug-in terminal 12, the mating terminal 22 and the clamp 50 to start to heat up, and if the metamorphosis temperature is higher than 70 ° C, the heating time of the clamp 50 is long, and the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 If the plug-in structure is in a high-current state for a long time, it is easy to cause electrical aging. In severe cases, the plug-in structure of the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 will be overloaded and damaged, causing unnecessary losses.
- the transformation temperature of the memory alloy is set between 40°C and 70°C.
- the clip 50 has a memory function.
- the strip-shaped grooves of the first clamping groove 1221 and the second clamping groove 2221 of the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 are usually in an expanded state.
- the plug-in terminal 12 It can be docked with the mating terminal 22 without insertion force, which is convenient for the operator to easily mating the electrical appliances.
- the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 conduct current. Due to the effect of resistance, the temperature of the plugging terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 gradually rises.
- the clamp 50 When the temperature rises above the abnormal temperature, the clamp 50 will diameter To shrink, the contact area and contact force between the first clamping groove 1221 and the second clamping groove 2221 of the plug-in terminal 12 and the first clamping groove 2221 of the plug-in terminal 22 are increased by the increase of temperature, and the contact reliability is improved. The requirement of insertion force is omitted, the work is easier and the work efficiency is improved.
- the outer circumference of the first clip groove 1221 or the second clip groove 2221 is sheathed with a clip 50
- the clip 50 includes a side wall 51 and an elastic unit 52 fixed on the side wall.
- the elastic unit 52 is in contact with the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221.
- the clip 50 exerts pressure on the plug-in terminal 12 through the elastic unit 52 arranged on the side wall, so that the first clamping groove of the plug-in terminal 12 can clamp the mating terminal 22 more tightly, ensuring that the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 contact area, reducing contact resistance and improving electrical conductivity.
- the force applied by the elastic unit 52 to the outside of the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221 ranges from 3N-200N.
- the plug-in terminal 12 Taking the clamp 50 as an example, the inventor selected the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 of the same size and specification, the pressure applied to the plug-in terminal 12 by different elastic units 52, and then selected the mating terminal with the same eccentricity 22 and the plug-in terminal 12 sleeved with the clamp 50 are mated, and the contact resistance between the plug-in terminals is tested respectively, and the ratio of the successful insertion of the plug-in terminal 12 in multiple plug-in experiments is shown in the table. 5.
- the test method of contact resistance use a micro-resistance measuring instrument, place one end of the measuring end of the micro-resistance measuring instrument on the plug-in terminal 12, and place the other end on the mating terminal 22, and place the same position for each measurement, and then read the micro-resistance Contact resistance reading on a resistance meter.
- a contact resistance greater than 1 m ⁇ is unqualified.
- the test method for the success rate of mating the pressure value applied to the plug terminal 12 by each elastic unit 52 is mated with 100 mating terminals 22 of the same eccentricity, and the number of successful insertions is recorded, and compared with The overall quantity is then multiplied by 100%. In this embodiment, the insertion success rate of less than 95% is unqualified.
- the elastic unit 52 is an elastic rubber body, a spring or a metal shrapnel.
- the elastic unit 52 can be an elastic rubber body, relying on the compressed elastic force of the elastic rubber body to ensure the pressure applied to the plug terminal 12 or the opposite plug terminal 22;
- the elastic unit 52 can be a compression spring, relying on the compressed elastic force of the compression spring, Ensure the pressure applied to the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22;
- the elastic unit 52 can also be a metal shrapnel, and the metal shrapnel and the clip 50 are integrally formed, which can be in the form of a single-ended shrapnel with one end fixed and one end free, or a Both ends are fixed, and the double-ended shrapnel that protrudes in the middle relies on the elastic force of the metal shrapnel itself to ensure the pressure applied to the plug-in terminal 12 or the counter-socket terminal 22 .
- the plug-in portion 222 is sheet-shaped, and the plug-in portion 222 at least partially protrudes from the female end shell 23, or the female end shell 23 has a second accommodating cavity, and the plug-in portion 222 at least partially protrudes from the bottom of the second accommodating cavity, but does not exceed the female housing 23 .
- the plug-in part 222 protruding from the female end housing 23 can be connected with the plug-in part 122 recessed in the male-end housing 13 to form a plug-in structure and realize electrical connection; the plug-in part 222 can also be recessed in the female end housing 23 Among them, the plug-in connection with the plug-in portion 122 of the protrusion and the male-end housing 13 constitutes a plug-in structure and realizes electrical connection.
- the mating portion 222 has a second clamping groove 2221, and the second clamping groove 2221 at least partially protrudes from the outer wall of the female end housing 23, or the female end housing 23 is provided with a second opening boss, and the inserting portion 222 is at least partially disposed in the second opening boss.
- the plug-in part 222 protruding from the female end housing 23 can be connected with the plug-in part 122 recessed in the male-end housing 13 to form a plug-in structure and realize electrical connection; the plug-in part 222 can also be recessed in the female end housing 23 In the second opening of the boss, it is matedly connected with the plug-in portion 122 protruding from the male end housing 13 to form a plug-in structure and realize electrical connection.
- the insertion portion 122 or the mating portion 222 is formed by stacking multi-layer terminal stacks.
- the insertion portion 122 has a first clamping groove 1221 , and the first clamping groove 1221 is mated and plugged with the sheet-shaped plug-in portion 222 ; or the plug-in portion 222 has a second clamping groove 2221 , and the second clip groove 2221 is mated and plug-connected with the sheet-shaped plug-in portion 122 .
- the plug-in terminal 22 can be mated with the plug-in terminal 12.
- the plug-in part 122 or the plug-in part 222 is a plurality of terminal laminations.
- the plug-in part 122 has a first clamping groove 1221, and the first clamping groove 1221 and The mating part 222 is mated and connected, or the mating part 222 has a second clamping groove 2221 , and the second gripping groove 2221 is matched with the mating part 122 for mating connection.
- the front end of the sheet-shaped terminal can be inserted into the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221, and through the structure of the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221, the problems of deformation and elastic weakening caused by excessive thickness of the metal plate are reduced , and make the two have a larger contact area to ensure the reliability and conductive effect of the connection.
- the mating terminal 22 and the plug terminal 12 can ensure a stable clamping structure, reduce deformation, and increase the strength of the plug connection structure.
- the terminal laminate is formed by stamping, cutting or bending a plate.
- the terminal laminations are sheet-shaped and stacked, so that the plug-in portion 122 or the mating portion 222 has a high mechanical connection performance, and at the same time ensures the conductive connection performance between the plug-in portion 122 or the mating portion 222 .
- the processing method of stamping or cutting the plate is simple and the process is mature. It can quickly process large quantities of terminal laminations, save processing costs and improve production efficiency.
- the terminal stack includes a terminal fixing portion 40 , and the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221 is fixedly connected to the terminal fixing portion 40 .
- the terminal fixing part 40 Through the terminal fixing part 40 , the multi-layer terminal stacks are stacked and connected together, and fixedly connected to the first fixing part 121 and the second fixing part 221 .
- two adjacent terminal fixing parts 40 are connected together by crimping, welding, screwing, riveting or splicing, so as to ensure the stability of the electrical connection.
- Crimping is a production process in which adjacent terminal fixing parts 40 are assembled and stamped into one body using a crimping machine.
- the advantage of crimping is mass production. By using an automatic crimping machine, it is possible to quickly manufacture a large number of stable quality products.
- Welding uses friction welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding, arc welding, pressure welding, laser welding, explosive welding, etc., and the adjacent terminal fixing parts 40 are melted into a whole through metal welding spots, so the connection is firm and the contact resistance is low. Small.
- the threaded connection means that the adjacent terminal fixing parts 40 respectively have a threaded structure and can be screwed together, or connected together by using separate studs and nuts.
- the advantage of threaded connection is detachability, which can be assembled and disassembled repeatedly, and is suitable for scenes that require frequent disassembly.
- the riveting is to use rivets to rivet the adjacent terminal fixing parts 40 together.
- the advantages of riveting are firm connection, simple processing method and easy operation.
- the splicing means that corresponding grooves and protrusions are respectively provided on the adjacent terminal fixing parts 40 , and the grooves and protrusions are mortised or spliced to each other for assembly so as to be connected together.
- the advantage of splicing is that the connection is stable and detachable.
- the strip-shaped clamping grooves of two adjacent terminal laminations are in contact with each other, and relative sliding can occur between each terminal lamination, so that each terminal lamination maintains its own clamping force, and the plug-in terminal can be used.
- the characteristic of uneven surface improves the stability of the connection.
- the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221 is in contact with two adjacent terminal stacks.
- the contact connection between the terminal laminations can ensure the current flow in the terminal laminations, increase the flow cross-sectional area, reduce the temperature rise when the plug-in terminal 22 and the plug-in terminal 12 are energized, and extend the length of the plug-in terminal 22 and the plug-in terminal 12. service life.
- the gap between two adjacent terminal laminations of the first clamping groove 1221 or the second clamping groove 2221 is less than 0.2 mm.
- the purpose is that there is air circulation between the terminal laminations, which can reduce the temperature rise between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22, and protect the electrical conductivity of the plug terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22.
- the corrosion layer prolongs the service life of the plug-in terminal 12 or the counter-plug terminal 22 , and ensures the insertion force between the plug-in terminal 12 and the counter-plug terminal 22 .
- the gap is greater than 0.2 mm, the heat dissipation function is not increased, but the plug terminals 12 or mating terminals 22 with the same contact area occupy a larger width, wasting space.
- the female end connection mechanism 20 has a high voltage interlock structure 25 , and the high voltage interlock structure 25 is electrically connected with the interlock connector 15 to form a circuit.
- the high voltage interlock structure 25 and the interlock connector 15 can form a circuit.
- High-voltage interlock is a safety design method that uses low-voltage signals to monitor the integrity of the high-voltage circuit. High-voltage interlock monitors the accidental disconnection of the high-voltage circuit to avoid damage to the car due to sudden loss of power.
- the high-voltage interlock in this embodiment has an interlock connector 15 at one end, which is a U-shaped or V-shaped low-voltage circuit that has two pairs of pins and is electrically connected to the two pairs of pins.
- the two plug-in terminals connected to the low-voltage circuit, and the plug-in terminals of the high-voltage interlock structure 25 are matched with the pair of pins of the interlock connector 15 to form a low-voltage monitoring circuit, as shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17
- the interlock connector 15 and the high-voltage interlock structure 25 will also be disconnected at the same time, and the low-voltage monitoring circuit will alarm to the central control system, so that the car will not be controlled. Damage caused by sudden loss of power.
- the embedded high-voltage interlock structure replaces the previous assembled high-voltage interlock, and is fixed in the connector by integral injection molding, which requires no assembly, reduces costs, and fully meets the high-voltage interlock effect.
- the male end connection mechanism 10 and/or the female end connection mechanism 20 has a sealing structure 60 .
- the sealing structure 60 can seal the plug terminal 12, part of the first cable 11, the mating terminal 22 and part of the second cable 21 into the high-voltage connection mechanism, preventing external dust and water from causing damage and corrosion to the internal conductive mechanism , which greatly prolongs the service life of the high-voltage connection mechanism.
- sealing structure 60 is secondary injection molding on the male end connection mechanism 10 and/or the female end connection mechanism 20 .
- the sealing structure 60 can make the connection between the male end connection mechanism 10 and/or the female end connection mechanism 20 more tightly.
- the sealing structure 60 of the connector is no longer a separate sealing ring, but a secondary injection molding sealing structure 60 is used to replace the traditional sealing ring, which can be directly molded on the connector, and the injection molding combination is better and the cost is reduced.
- the sealing structure 60 is made of rubber or soft rubber or silicone. If these materials are selected, an injection molding machine can be used to heat and melt the materials, and then mold them into corresponding molds. The processing is simple, the adhesion is firm, and the service life of the sealing structure 60 can be greatly extended. In addition, these materials have Good elasticity can be squeezed and deformed during the assembly of the connector, and a good sealing performance can be achieved in the filled gap, and the material is water and oil resistant, which can ensure a long service life and safe sealing performance of the sealing structure.
- the maximum gap between the sealing structure and the male end connection mechanism 10 and/or the female end connection mechanism 20 is less than 520 nm.
- the inventor used the dry air method to test the sealing device, and controlled the difference in internal and external pressure of the tested sample by vacuuming or air pressurization. If there is leakage, the internal and external The difference in pressure will shrink. Leakage can be checked by detecting changes in air pressure.
- the detection medium is dry air, which is non-toxic and harmless, does not damage the tested product, and the detection environment is clean and tidy.
- the inventor completely sealed the other joints after the connection between the male-end connection mechanism 10 and the female-end connection mechanism 20, and selected sealing structures with different sealing degrees. Part of the dry air was drawn out to make the air pressure inside the sealed structure lower than the external air pressure. The air pressure inside the sealed structure was continuously tested, and it was found that the air pressure rose as unqualified. The test results are shown in Table 6.
- the male-end connection mechanism 10 and/or the female-end connection mechanism 20 has at least one temperature measuring structure for measuring the temperature of the plug terminal 12 and/or the mating terminal 22 .
- the temperature measuring structure can have a certain distance from the plug terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22, and the heat radiation from the plug terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22 is transmitted to the temperature measuring structure, and then the temperature measuring mechanism measures the plug terminal 12 or the mating terminal.
- the temperature of the plug terminal 22, or the temperature measuring structure contains a conductive element, the conductive element is bonded to the plug terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22, and the temperature transmitted through the conductive element is used to measure the temperature of the plug terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22. And transmitted to the control system to adjust the current passing through the plug terminal 12 or the mating terminal 22 , thereby adjusting the temperature of the male end connection mechanism 10 or the female end connection mechanism 20 .
- the temperature measuring structure is attached to the plug terminal 12 and/or the mating terminal 22 to measure the temperature of the plug terminal 12 and/or the mating terminal 22 .
- the temperature measurement structure is a temperature sensor, which is directly attached to the plug-in terminal 12 and/or the plug-in terminal 22, and can directly obtain the actual temperature of the plug-in terminal 12 or the plug-in terminal 22, and does not need to be calculated to obtain the plug-in terminal 12 and/or For the actual temperature of the plug terminal 22, the structure is simple, and the temperature measurement is more accurate.
- the temperature sensor is an NTC temperature sensor or a PTC temperature sensor.
- the advantage of using these two temperature sensors is that they are small in size and can measure gaps that cannot be measured by other thermometers; they are easy to use, and the resistance value can be arbitrarily selected from 0.1 to 100k ⁇ ; they are easy to process into complex shapes, can be mass-produced, and have good stability. , Strong overload capacity, suitable for conversion joints, which require small size and stable performance.
- the temperature measuring mechanism is used to monitor the temperature of the terminals inside the connector independently, so as to avoid the failure to monitor the temperature of the connector due to the damage of the temperature sensor at other positions.
- the male-end connection mechanism 10 and the female-end connection mechanism 20 are connected through adhesive connection, magnetic connection, bayonet connection, plug connection, snap connection, binding connection, screw connection, rivet connection and welding connection.
- adhesive connection magnetic connection
- bayonet connection bayonet connection
- plug connection snap connection
- binding connection screw connection
- rivet connection rivet connection
- welding connection One or more ways to connect, the specific implementation is as follows:
- an adhesive structure can be used, for example, an adhesive layer is provided on the surfaces to be spliced of the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 respectively, and the two are fixedly connected by adhesion.
- a magnetic attraction structure can be used. For example, there is a magnetic attraction on the surface to be spliced of the male end connection mechanism 10, and the surface to be spliced of the female end connection mechanism 20 is also provided with a magnetic attraction. Through the connection, Connection is quick and easy.
- a plug-in structure can be used.
- a pin is arranged on the shell of the male shielding shell 14, and the shell surface of the female shielding shell 24 is fixedly connected after the pin is inserted into the slot, so that the shielding of the male end
- the shell 14 is fixedly connected to the female-end shielding shell 24 to realize the connection between the male-end connection mechanism 10 and the female-end connection mechanism 20 .
- a clamping structure can be adopted.
- a buckle is provided on the male-end shielding shell 14 of the male-end connecting mechanism 10
- the female-end shielding shell 24 of the female-end connecting mechanism 20 has a clamping groove. After the buckle and the groove are assembled, they are fixedly connected, so that the male-end connecting mechanism 10 is fixedly connected with the female-end connecting mechanism 20 .
- a bolt connection structure can be used, and the bolt connection structure includes bolts and nuts, the bolts are fixed on the surface to be spliced of the male end connection mechanism 10, and the nuts are arranged on the surface to be spliced of the female end connection mechanism 20 and can rotate; after the bolts and nuts are screwed together and tightened, the surfaces to be spliced of the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 are fixedly connected.
- the bolt connection structure adopts bolts and nuts with a minimum size of M3, and the minimum torque when the bolt connection structure is tightened is 0.2N ⁇ m.
- a riveting structure may be used, and the riveting structure includes a rivet and a fixing hole, the fixing hole is set on the surface to be spliced between the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20, the rivet passes through the fixing hole, and The end through which the rivet passes is deformed, so that the fixing hole is tightened, so that the surface to be spliced of the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 is fixedly connected.
- a welded structure can be used, such as setting the welded parts on the surfaces to be spliced between the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20, and using a welding machine to melt and connect the welded parts , so that the surface to be spliced of the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 is fixedly connected.
- Welding machines include hot melt welding machines and ultrasonic welding machines.
- a bundling structure can be adopted, and the bundling structure includes a bundling piece, grooves are set on the surface of the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20, and the male end is connected at the groove position by using the bundling piece
- the mechanism 10 and the surface to be spliced of the female end connection mechanism 20 are bundled together, so that the male end connection mechanism 10 is fixedly connected with the splicing surface of the female end connection mechanism 20 .
- Binding parts include cable ties, pipe hoops, hook locks, etc.
- a locking structure can be used, and the locking structure includes a locking piece, and the locking piece is arranged at the adjacent surface of the male end connecting mechanism 10 and the surface to be spliced of the female end connecting mechanism 20 or provided On the surface to be spliced, the splicing surfaces of the male-end connecting mechanism 10 and the female-end connecting mechanism 20 are fixedly connected by a locking member.
- the above technical solution for connecting the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 may be that the positions of the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 can be interchanged.
- the outer insulating shell 16 of the male end or the outer insulating shell 26 of the female end can be directly molded on at least part of the outer periphery of the shielding shell 14 of the male end or the shielding shell 24 of the female end, which can ensure that the outer insulating shell 14 of the male end or the outer insulating shell of the female end
- the conductive part of the shielding shell 24 will not be connected with other external conductors to cause a short circuit.
- the insertion force between the plug terminal 12 and the mated terminal 22 is between 3N-150N.
- the insertion force between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 is between 10N-130N.
- the inventor selected plug-in terminals 12 of the same shape and size. with the mating terminal 22, and design the insertion force between the mating terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 as a different plugging force, to observe the contact resistance between the mating terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22, and multiple pairings The situation after insertion.
- the detection method of contact resistance is to use a micro-resistance measuring instrument to measure the resistance at the contact position between the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22, and read the value on the micro-resistance measuring instrument, which is the difference between the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22.
- the contact resistance between 22, in this embodiment, the ideal value is that the contact resistance is less than 50 ⁇ .
- the test method for the insertion of the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 is to insert the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 50 times, and observe the number of times of falling and unplugging after plugging and unplugging.
- the number of falling times is required to be less than 3 times, and the number of times that cannot be plugged and unplugged is required to be less than 5 times.
- the contact resistance between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 is less than 9m ⁇ .
- the contact resistance between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 is less than 1 m ⁇ .
- a large current needs to be conducted between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22. If the contact resistance between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 is greater than 9m ⁇ , a large temperature will be generated at the contact position. rise, and with the increase of time, the temperature will be higher and higher, the temperature between the plug terminal 12 and the plug terminal 22 is too high, when the thermal expansion rate of the plug terminal 12 and the plug terminal 22 is different, it will cause The mechanical deformation is not synchronized, causing internal stress between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22. In severe cases, it will cause deformation of the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22, and the electrical conduction cannot be realized.
- the second is that the high temperature of the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 will be conducted to the insulation layer of the first cable 11 and the second cable 21, resulting in the melting of the corresponding insulation layer, which cannot play the role of insulation protection, seriously Sometimes it will lead to short circuit of the line, damage to the connection structure, and even safety accidents such as burning. Therefore, the inventors set the contact resistance between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 to be less than 9m ⁇ .
- the inventor selected the same plug-in terminal 12 and the plug-in terminal 22 with different contact resistances, and compared Plug structure conductivity and temperature rise test,
- the conductivity test is to detect the conductivity of the corresponding mating place after plugging the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 in pairs, and then electrifying the plugging structure.
- the conductivity is greater than 99%, which is an ideal value.
- the temperature rise test is to pass the same current to the plug-in structure, detect the temperature at the same position of the plug-in terminal 12 and the opposite plug-in terminal 22 before power-on and after the temperature is stabilized in a closed environment, and take the absolute value of the difference. In this embodiment, a temperature rise greater than 50K is considered unqualified.
- the inventor preferably set the contact resistance between the plug terminal 12 and the plug terminal 22 to be less than 1m ⁇ .
- the times of plugging and unplugging between the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 are greater than or equal to 10 times.
- the male connection mechanism 10 and the female connection mechanism 20 need to be assembled together.
- the male connection mechanism 10 and the female connection mechanism 20 may need to be separated. Then plug and unplug, so the number of times of plugging and unplugging between the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 cannot be less than 10 times. If the end connection mechanism 20 is damaged and cannot function together with the current, it is necessary to replace the entire connection mechanism including the wiring harness, which not only consumes maintenance time, but also increases maintenance costs.
- the material selection of the mechanism 20, or the plug-in mechanism between the male-end connection mechanism 10 and the female-end connection mechanism 20, the locking mechanism, and the design of the sealing mechanism all require at least 10 disassembly and assembly to meet the use of the connection mechanism. Require.
- the weight of the female end connection mechanism 20 is less than or equal to 215g.
- the female end connection mechanism 20 is located above the connection mechanism, and is plugged and fixed with the male end connection mechanism 10.
- the weight of the female end connection mechanism 20 is too large, the gravity received by the female end connection mechanism 20 will also Larger, in the case of vibration of the electrical device, it will cause the entire connection mechanism to follow the vibration. Due to the inertia, the female end connection mechanism 20 will be subject to greater vibration and make abnormal noises. However, during the use of the electrical device , abnormal noise is not allowed.
- the height of the female end connection mechanism 20 along the plugging and unplugging direction is less than or equal to 276 mm. After the male end connection mechanism 10 and the female end connection mechanism 20 are assembled together, they need to be installed in the electrical device. However, in general, the space reserved for the electrical device is small. If the female end connection mechanism 20 is higher, One is that it cannot be installed in the electrical device, and the other is that it wastes raw materials. Therefore, the female end connection mechanism 20 needs to be lower than a certain height during design.
- the inventors used the same male-end connection mechanism 10 and samples of the female-end connection mechanism 20 with different heights along the plug-in direction. After assembly, install it on the electrical device, and observe whether the female connection mechanism 20 interferes with other parts of the electrical device during the installation process. The test results are shown in Table 10.
- At least part of the surface of the plug terminal 12 and/or the mating terminal 22 is provided with a conductive anti-corrosion layer.
- a conductive anti-corrosion layer can be provided on at least part of the surface of the plug-in terminal 12 and/or the plug-in terminal 22, and the conductive anti-corrosion material can use the electric potential of the material of the plug-in terminal 12 and the plug-in terminal 22.
- the conductive anti-corrosion layer can reduce the electrochemical reaction between the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22, and solve the problem that the flat belt needs to pass through terminals of other materials to connect with other terminals or use Technical problems with connection of electrical installations.
- the conductive anti-corrosion layer is attached to the socket through one or more of electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering, vacuum plating, pressure welding, diffusion welding, friction welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding or laser welding.
- the connecting terminal 12 and/or the mating terminal 22 are at least partly on the surface.
- the electroplating method is the process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on some metal surfaces by using the principle of electrolysis.
- the electroless plating method is a process of metal deposition through a controllable oxidation-reduction reaction under the catalysis of metals.
- the magnetron sputtering method uses the interaction between the magnetic field and the electric field to make electrons run in a spiral shape near the target surface, thereby increasing the probability of electrons colliding with argon to generate ions.
- the generated ions hit the target surface under the action of the electric field to sputter out the target material.
- the vacuum plating method is to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of plastic parts by distillation or sputtering under vacuum conditions.
- Pressure welding is a method of applying pressure to the weldment so that the joint surfaces are in close contact to produce a certain plastic deformation to complete the welding.
- the friction welding method refers to the method of welding by using the heat generated by the friction of the contact surface of the workpiece as the heat source to cause the workpiece to undergo plastic deformation under pressure.
- the resistance welding method refers to a method that uses a strong current to pass through the contact point between the electrode and the workpiece, and generates heat from the contact resistance to achieve welding.
- the ultrasonic welding method is to use high-frequency vibration waves to transmit to the surfaces of two objects to be welded. Under pressure, the surfaces of the two objects are rubbed against each other to form fusion between molecular layers.
- Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source.
- the diffusion welding method refers to a solid-state welding method in which the workpiece is pressurized at high temperature without visible deformation and relative movement.
- the conductive anti-corrosion layer can be stably provided on at least part of the surface of the plug terminal 12 and/or the counter plug terminal 22 .
- the thickness of the conductive anti-corrosion layer is 0.3 ⁇ m to 3000 ⁇ m.
- the conductive anti-corrosion layer has a thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the inventors used the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 of the same material and structure, respectively on at least part of the surface of the plug terminal 12 and/or the mating terminal 22 Conductive anti-corrosion layers of different thicknesses are provided, and then the voltage drop after the plug-in terminal 12 and the counter-plug terminal 22 are plugged is tested. The results are shown in Table 11.
- a voltage drop greater than 4 mV after the insertion of the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 is unqualified.
- the thickness of the conductive anti-corrosion layer is greater than 3000 ⁇ m and less than 0.3 ⁇ m, the voltage drop of the plug-in structure of the plug-in terminal 12 and the plug-in terminal 22 is greater than 4mV, which does not meet the required value. Therefore, The inventor chooses the thickness of the conductive anti-corrosion layer to be 0.3 ⁇ m to 3000 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the conductive anti-corrosion layer is in the range of 2.5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m
- the voltage drop of the plug-in structure of the plug-in terminal 12 and the plug-in terminal 22 is the optimum value, therefore, preferably, the inventor chooses the conductive anti-corrosion layer
- the thickness is from 2.5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the material of the conductive anticorrosion layer is nickel, cadmium, manganese, zirconium, cobalt, tin, titanium, chromium, gold, silver, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, One or more of graphite silver, graphene silver, hard silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.
- the potential potential of the material of the conductive anti-corrosion layer is between the potential potentials of the materials of the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 .
- Such a solution can reduce the electrochemical corrosion generated after the plug-in terminal 12 and the counter-socket terminal 22 are plugged together.
- the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 are provided with a conductive anti-corrosion layer, in order to demonstrate the performance of the plug terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 with different conductive anti-corrosion materials.
- the inventor used the same specifications and materials, and used the plug terminal 12 and the counter-socket terminal 22 of different conductive and anti-corrosion materials to conduct a series of corrosion resistance time tests. The experimental results are shown in Table 12.
- the corrosion resistance time test in Table 12 is to put the plug-in terminal 12 and the mating terminal 22 samples into the salt spray test box, and spray salt spray on each position of the plug-in terminal 12 and mating terminal 22 Take out and clean every 20 hours to observe the surface corrosion, that is, a cycle, until the surface corrosion area of the plug terminal 12 and the counter plug terminal 22 sample is greater than 10% of the total area, stop the test and record the number of cycles at that time . In this embodiment, the number of cycles less than 80 is considered unqualified.
- the inventor selects the material of the conductive anticorrosion layer to contain (or be) nickel, cadmium, manganese, zirconium, cobalt, tin-titanium, chromium, gold, silver, zinc-tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite One or more of silver, graphene silver, hard silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.
- the material of the conductive anti-corrosion layer to contain (or be) cadmium, manganese, zirconium, cobalt, titanium, chromium, gold, silver, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, One or more of graphene silver, hard silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.
- the conductive part of the first cable 11 and the plug terminal 12 are integrally structured.
- the conductive part of the first cable 11 and the plug terminal 12 can be made of the same material, that is, the conductive part of the first cable 11 is extended and formed into the plug terminal 12, which can save the use of the plug terminal 12, The cost of materials is reduced, the man-hours for processing are saved, and the front end of the conductive part of the first cable 11 can be formed into various shapes according to requirements without considering the problem of assembly.
- the conductive part of the second cable 21 and the mating terminal 22 are integrated.
- the conductive part of the second cable 21 and the mating terminal 22 can be made of the same material, that is, the conductive part of the second cable 21 is extended and formed into the mating terminal 22, which can save the use of the mating terminal 22, The material cost is reduced, the man-hours for processing are saved, and the front end of the conductive part of the second cable 21 can be formed into various shapes according to requirements without considering the problem of assembly.
- the present invention also provides an electric energy transmission device, which includes the above-mentioned high-voltage connection mechanism.
- the present invention also provides a motor vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned high-voltage connection mechanism and the above-mentioned electric energy transmission device.
- the high-voltage connection mechanism of the present invention is provided with an injection-molded male-end shielding shell and a female-end shielding shell, which is simple to process, and the cost is much lower than that of a shielded metal shell.
- the electrical connection of the shielding net can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference inside the high-voltage connection mechanism and reduce the electromagnetic interference to other equipment.
- the shielding shell at the male end and the shielding shell at the female end of the present invention are connected to the cable shielding layer in various ways, which can stably and effectively connect the shielding shell and the shielding layer, and achieve a better shielding effect.
- the terminal and the cable of the present invention are integrally injection-molded in the male-end shell and the female-end shell, and do not need to perform work such as terminal insertion, which reduces processing steps and production costs, and the integrally injection-molded male-end shell and The housing of the female end has a simple structure, does not require high-precision injection molds, and because it is completely sealed, the insulation effect is good.
- the plug-in terminal can be mated with the plug-in terminal.
- the plug-in part or the plug-in part is stacked and distributed with multiple terminal laminations.
- the front end of the sheet-shaped terminal can be plugged into the strip-shaped groove and pass Reduce the deformation and weakening of elasticity caused by excessive thickness of the metal plate, and make the contact area between the two larger to ensure the reliability and conductive effect of the connection.
- the opposite plug terminal and the plug terminal can ensure a stable clamping structure, reduce deformation, and increase the strength of the plug connection structure.
- the embedded high-voltage interlock structure replaces the previous assembled high-voltage interlock, and is fixed in the connector by integral injection molding, which requires no assembly, reduces costs, and fully meets the high-voltage interlock effect.
- the sealing structure of the connector is no longer a separate sealing ring, but a secondary injection molding sealing structure, which replaces the traditional sealing ring and can be directly molded on the connector, with better injection molding combination and lower costs.
- the temperature measuring mechanism is used to monitor the temperature of the terminals inside the connector independently, so as to avoid the failure to monitor the temperature of the connector due to the damage of the temperature sensor at other positions.
Landscapes
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
Abstract
Description
高度(mm) | 236 | 246 | 256 | 266 | 276 | 286 | 296 | 306 | 316 |
是否干涉 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
Claims (44)
- 一种高压连接机构,包括公端连接机构和母端连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端连接机构包括第一线缆、插接端子、与所述第一线缆和所述插接端子一体成型的公端外壳、以及设置在所述公端外壳之外的公端屏蔽壳;所述母端连接机构包括对插端子、第二线缆、与所述对插端子和所述第二线缆一体成型的母端外壳,以及与设置在所述母端外壳之外的母端屏蔽壳;所述公端连接机构和所述母端连接机构通过所述插接端子与所述对插端子电连接,所述公端外壳与所述母端外壳连接,所述公端屏蔽壳与所述母端屏蔽壳连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一线缆包括第一屏蔽层,所述公端屏蔽壳至少部分与所述第一屏蔽层至少部分电性连接;所述第二线缆包括第二屏蔽层,所述母端屏蔽壳至少部分与所述第二屏蔽层至少部分电性连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端屏蔽壳包括第一屏蔽装置,所述第一线缆包括第一屏蔽层,所述第一屏蔽装置设置在所述第一屏蔽层至少部分外周,所述第一屏蔽层通过所述第一屏蔽装置与所述公端屏蔽壳电性连接;所述母端屏蔽壳包括第二屏蔽装置,所述第二线缆包括第二屏蔽层,所述第二屏蔽装置设置在所述第二屏蔽层至少部分外周,所述第二屏蔽层通过所述第二屏蔽装置与所述母端屏蔽壳电性连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端屏蔽壳的内表面设置有第一导电弹片,所述第一线缆包括第一屏蔽层,所述第一导电弹片与所述第一屏蔽层连接,所述第一导电弹片施加压力到所述第一屏蔽层上;所述母端屏蔽壳的内表面设置有第二导电弹片,所述第二线缆包括第二屏蔽层,所述第二导电弹片与所述第二屏蔽层连接,所述第二导电弹片施加压力到所述第二屏蔽层上。
- 根据权利要求4所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一导电弹片施加到所述第一屏蔽层的上压力范围为0.3N-95N;所述第二导电弹片施加到所述第二屏蔽层的上压力范围为0.3N-95N。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一线缆包括第一屏蔽层,所述公端屏蔽壳与所述第一屏蔽层之间的阻抗小于80mΩ;所述第二线缆包括第二屏蔽层,所述母端屏蔽壳与所述第二屏蔽层之间的阻抗小于80mΩ。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端屏蔽壳或所述母端屏蔽壳的转移阻抗为小于100mΩ。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接端子包括依次设置的第一固定部和插接部,所述第一固定部与所述第一线缆的导电部分电连接,所述插接部为片状或带有第一夹槽。
- 根据权利要求8所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接部为片状,所述插接部至少部分突出所述公端外壳,或者所述公端外壳具有第一容置腔,所述插接部至少部分突出所述第一容置腔底面,但不超过所述公端外壳。
- 根据权利要求8所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一夹槽至少部分突出于所述公端外壳的外壁,或者所述公端外壳上设置有第一开口凸台,所述插接部至少部分设置在所述第一开口凸台内。
- 根据权利要求8所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端屏蔽壳包覆至少部分所述公端外壳,所述公端屏蔽壳具有开口,所述插接部从所述开口处伸出或在所述开口内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端连接机构包括互锁连接器,所述互锁连接器至少部分一体注塑在所述公端外壳中。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述对插端子包括依次设置的第二固定部和对插部,所述第二固定部与所述第二线缆的导电部分电连接,所述对插部为片状或带有第二夹槽;所述插接端子包括依次设置的第一固定部和插接部,所述对插部与所述插接部电连接,所述插接部为片状或带有第一夹槽。
- 根据权利要求13所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一夹槽或所述第二夹槽外周套设夹箍,所述夹箍的材质为记忆合金。
- 根据权利要求14所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述记忆合金的变态温度为在40℃-70℃范围内设定,在所述夹箍的温度低于该变态温度的状态下,所述夹箍处于扩张状态;在所述夹箍的温度高于该变态温度的状态下,所述夹箍处于夹紧状态。
- 根据权利要求13所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一夹槽或所述第二夹槽外周套设夹箍,所述夹箍包括侧壁和固定在所述侧壁上的弹性单元,所述弹性单元与所述第一夹槽或所述第二夹槽的接触连接。
- 根据权利要求16所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述弹性单元施加到所述第一夹槽或所述第二夹槽的力的范围为3N-200N。
- 根据权利要求16所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述弹性单元为弹性橡胶体、弹簧或金属弹片。
- 根据权利要求13所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述对插部为片状,所述对插部至少部分突出所述母端外壳,或者所述母端外壳具有第二容置腔,所述对插部至少部分突出所述第二容置腔底面,但不超过母端外壳。
- 根据权利要求13所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述对插部为带有第二夹槽,所述第二夹槽至少部分突出与所述母端外壳的外壁,或者母端外壳上设置有第二开口凸台,所述对插部至少部分设置在所述第二开口凸台内。
- 根据权利要求13所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接部或所述对插部为多层端子叠片叠放形成,所述插接部带有第一夹槽,所述第一夹槽与片状的所述对插部匹配对插连接;或者所述对插部带有第二夹槽,所述第二夹槽与片状的所述插接部匹配对插连接。
- 根据权利要求21所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述端子叠片包括端子固定部,所述第一夹槽或所述第二夹槽固接于所述端子固定部。
- 根据权利要求22所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,相邻两个所述端子固定部通过压接、焊接、螺接、铆接或拼接连接在一起。
- 根据权利要求21所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一夹槽或所述第二夹槽相邻两个所述端子叠片之间接触连接。
- 根据权利要求21所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一夹槽或所述第二夹槽相邻两个所述端子叠片之间的间隙小于0.2mm。
- 根据权利要求12所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述母端连接机构具有高压互锁结构,所述高压互锁结构与所述互锁连接器电连接形成回路。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端连接机构和/或母端连接机构具有密封结构。
- 根据权利要求27所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述密封结构是在所述公端连接机构和/或所述母端连接机构上二次注塑成型。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端连接机构和/或所述母端连接机构具有至少一个测温结构,用来测量所述插接端子和/或所述对插端子的温度。
- 根据权利要求29所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述测温结构与所述插接端子和/或对插端子贴合,用来测量所述插接端子和/或所述对插端子的温度。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端连接机构和所述母端连接机构通过粘贴连接、磁吸连接、卡口连接、插接连接、锁扣连接、捆扎连接、螺纹连接、铆钉连接和焊接连接中的一种或几种方式连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端屏蔽壳或所述母端屏蔽壳至少部分外周上注塑成型公端外绝缘壳或母端外绝缘壳。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接端子与所述对插端子之间的插接力在3N-150N之间。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接端子与所述对插端子之间的插接力在10N-130N之间。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接端子与所述对插端子之间的接触电阻小于9mΩ。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接端子与所述对插端子之间的接触电阻小于1mΩ。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述公端连接机构和所述母端连接机构之间的插拔次数大于等于10次。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述母端连接机构的重量小于等于215g。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述母端连接机构沿插拔方向的高度小于等于276mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述插接端子和/或所述对插端子至少部分表面上设置有导电防腐蚀层。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第一线缆的导电部分与所述插接端子为一体结构。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高压连接机构,其特征在于,所述第二线缆的导电部分与所述对插端子为一体结构。
- 一种电能传输装置,其特征在于,包含根据权利要求1-42任一项所述的高压连接机构。
- 一种机动车辆,其特征在于,包含根据权利要求1-42任一项所述的高压连接机构。
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- 2022-09-30 MX MX2024004075A patent/MX2024004075A/es unknown
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