WO2023050734A1 - 天线校准方法、装置和远程射频单元 - Google Patents

天线校准方法、装置和远程射频单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023050734A1
WO2023050734A1 PCT/CN2022/081984 CN2022081984W WO2023050734A1 WO 2023050734 A1 WO2023050734 A1 WO 2023050734A1 CN 2022081984 W CN2022081984 W CN 2022081984W WO 2023050734 A1 WO2023050734 A1 WO 2023050734A1
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Prior art keywords
channel
calibrated
calibration
sequence
antenna
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PCT/CN2022/081984
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
向莉
崔宏旺
樊柯延
郭燕
温龙
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深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023050734A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023050734A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
    • H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to an antenna calibration method, device and remote radio frequency unit.
  • the antenna can transform the guided wave propagating on the transmission line into the electromagnetic wave propagating in the unbounded medium, or vice versa.
  • two or more antennas working at the same frequency can be fed and spaced according to certain requirements to form an antenna array.
  • antenna calibration Antenna Calibration, AC
  • the present application provides an antenna calibration method, device and remote radio frequency unit.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna calibration method, including: generating a calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated; determining the channel to be calibrated according to the acquired calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated The calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated, wherein the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is the sequence obtained by the channel to be calibrated in response to the input sequence; according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, the Calibrate the channel to be calibrated.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna calibration device, including: a generation module configured to generate a calibration sequence of a channel to be calibrated; a determination module configured to obtain calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and the Calibrate the output sequence of the channel to determine the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated, wherein the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is the sequence obtained by the channel to be calibrated in response to the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated; the calibration module is It is configured to calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a remote radio frequency unit RRU, including: at least one antenna calibration device according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna calibration system, including: a remote radio frequency unit and an antenna; wherein, the remote radio frequency unit adopts any remote radio frequency unit in the embodiment of the present application; the antenna includes a plurality of the Calibration channel.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: one or more processors; memory, on which one or more programs are stored, and when one or more programs are executed by one or more processors, one or more A processor implements any antenna calibration method in the embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any antenna calibration method in the embodiments of the present application is implemented.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of an antenna calibration method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of an antenna calibration method in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the input sequence in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the calibration response sequence in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic flowchart of an antenna calibration method in still another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the antenna calibration device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the remote radio frequency unit in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the antenna calibration system in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of an uplink calibration structure of an antenna calibration system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the downlink calibration structure of the antenna calibration system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of an antenna calibration process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of an antenna calibration process provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 shows a structural diagram of an exemplary hardware architecture of a computing device capable of implementing the antenna calibration method and apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • antenna calibration can be done by a base station or a base band unit (Base Band Unit, BBU).
  • BBU Base Band Unit
  • the base station generates a calibration signal according to available time-frequency resources, and transmits the calibration signal to the calibration processing module by the radio frequency transceiver module and the calibration radio frequency transceiver module, and the calibration processing module obtains the calibration coefficient according to the received response signal, and Perform antenna calibration based on calibration coefficients.
  • the BBU generates calibration control information and calibration sequence, and sends the calibration control information and calibration sequence to the remote radio unit (Remote Radio Unit, RRU) of the base station through the downlink subframe; the RRU receives the calibration control information and calibration sequence on the downlink subframe.
  • RRU Remote Radio Unit
  • the calibration sequence determine the calibration type (i.e. transmit calibration and receive calibration) according to the calibration control information, use the calibration sequence to perform corresponding antenna calibration according to the calibration type, obtain calibration data, and send the calibration data to the BBU through the uplink subframe; BBU from The uplink subframe acquires the calibration data, calculates the calibration coefficient according to the calibration data, and performs calibration adjustment on the sending and receiving signals according to the calibration coefficient.
  • the calibration type i.e. transmit calibration and receive calibration
  • the calibration processing module or the RRU lacks indication information when collecting the response signal (sequence) from the received signal, resulting in inaccurate response signals (sequence), thereby affecting the accuracy of antenna calibration.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna calibration method, in which the antenna calibration device in the RRU directly generates a calibration sequence, and collects a calibration response sequence from the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the acquired calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated , use the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated to calibrate the channel to be calibrated, so that there is no need to obtain the calibration sequence from other systems or functional modules, reducing the interaction and complexity of the calibration process. Moreover, obtaining The calibration response sequence is more accurate, which can effectively improve the calibration accuracy of the channel to be calibrated.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of an antenna calibration method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna calibration method can be applied to an antenna calibration device, and the antenna calibration device can be set in the RRU.
  • the antenna calibration method in the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps S101 to S103.
  • Step S101 generating a calibration sequence of a channel to be calibrated.
  • the channel to be calibrated is the channel to be calibrated in the antenna, which can be either a transmitting channel or a receiving channel.
  • Calibration sequence is the sequence used to perform channel calibration.
  • the antenna calibration device generates a sequence with good anti-white noise characteristics according to a preset algorithm, and uses it as the calibration sequence.
  • the antenna calibration device generates an original sequence according to a preset algorithm, and performs periodic cyclic shift on the original sequence to form a calibration sequence.
  • the antenna calibration device directly generates the calibration sequence and performs antenna calibration, which can effectively reduce the The interactive operation between different systems or functional modules during the antenna calibration process simplifies the antenna calibration process.
  • Step S102 according to the acquired calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated, determine the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated includes phase information and delay information of a guard period (Guard Period, GP).
  • the phase information of the GP is used to characterize the interval between the head position of the GP and the head of the data frame, and the delay information is used to represent the interval between the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the head position of the GP.
  • the output sequence is the sequence obtained by the channel to be calibrated in response to its input sequence
  • the calibration response sequence is the sequence obtained by the channel to be calibrated in response to its calibration sequence.
  • the signal processing device inserts the calibration sequence into the GP of the data frame to obtain the input sequence.
  • the antenna calibration device determines the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated, according to the obtained calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated, the output sequence is determined from the GP of the data frame, and the channel to be calibrated is collected from the output sequence in response to the calibration sequence. The generated sequence, to obtain the calibration response sequence.
  • the signal processing device is a device having a signal processing function.
  • the input sequence and the service signal transmitted by the antenna are staggered in time domain, so that the antenna calibration can be performed without interfering with normal service communication.
  • Step S103 calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the calibration of the channel to be calibrated is aimed at keeping the channel characteristics of each channel consistent. For example, through calibration, channel characteristics such as phase, amplitude, and time delay of each channel are kept consistent.
  • the channel to be calibrated is calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, including: obtaining the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated
  • the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated according to the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated, the channel to be calibrated is calibrated.
  • the compensation coefficient is used to compensate the transmitted or received signal when the channel performs data transmission and reception after the calibration is completed, so as to achieve consistent channel characteristics of each channel.
  • the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated is generated first, so that there is no need to obtain the calibration sequence through other functional entities, which can reduce the interaction with other functional entities and simplify the calibration process; according to the acquired calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and The output sequence of the channel to be calibrated can obtain the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated with higher accuracy; therefore, when calibrating the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, it can effectively Improve the calibration accuracy of the channel to be calibrated, thereby improving the overall calibration accuracy of the antenna.
  • the channel to be calibrated can be either a transmitting channel or a receiving channel
  • the antenna calibration method provided in this embodiment can perform both uplink calibration and downlink calibration.
  • the channel to be calibrated is a transmitting channel
  • downlink calibration is performed.
  • the antenna calibration device generates a calibration sequence
  • the signal processing device generates an input sequence according to the calibration sequence, and sends the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated to each channel to be calibrated (transmission channel).
  • Each channel to be calibrated receives and transmits the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated, and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is sent to the standard receiving channel through the coupling loop.
  • the antenna calibration device obtains the output sequence of each channel to be calibrated from the standard receiving channel, and performs antenna calibration.
  • the channel to be calibrated is a receiving channel
  • perform uplink calibration Specifically, the antenna calibration device generates a calibration sequence
  • the signal processing device generates an input sequence according to the calibration sequence
  • the signal processing device sends the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated to the standard transmission channel
  • the standard transmission channel passes the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated through a splitter Send to the channel to be calibrated
  • the channel to be calibrated receives and transmits the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated, and obtains the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the antenna calibration device obtains its output sequence from the channel to be calibrated, and performs antenna calibration.
  • the standard receiving channel is a channel selected arbitrarily from the receiving channels, and when the uplink calibration is performed, the standard receiving channel returns to a normal receiving channel.
  • the standard transmission channel is a channel selected arbitrarily from the transmission channels, and when the downlink calibration is performed, the standard transmission channel returns to a normal transmission channel. Antenna calibration is performed by multiplexing channels without additional dedicated calibration channels, which can reduce antenna costs to a certain extent, and the operation flexibility is also high.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of an antenna calibration method in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna calibration method can be applied to an antenna calibration device, and the antenna calibration device can be set in the RRU.
  • the antenna calibration method in the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps S201 to S204.
  • Step S201 generating a calibration sequence of a channel to be calibrated.
  • Step S201 in this embodiment is the same as step S101 in an embodiment of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the antenna calibration device after generating the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, sends the calibration sequence to the signal processing device.
  • the signal processing device inserts the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated into the guard interval GP of the data frame according to the preset delay configuration information to obtain the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • GP is a special time slot between the downlink time slot (Dw) and uplink time slot (Up) of the data frame, and the preset delay configuration information is used to determine the insertion position of the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated in the GP.
  • the signal processing device is a device with a signal processing function, which may be a device located inside the antenna transmission channel, or a device independent of the antenna transmission channel, which is not limited in this application.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an input sequence.
  • the data frame includes a downlink time slot Dw, a guard interval GP and an uplink time slot Up.
  • the signal processing device determines the position information of the GP according to the preset delay configuration information (used to determine the distance between the position of the GP head and the frame head of the data frame, or characterizes the guard interval of the corresponding data frame of the GP) and determines the delay value is ⁇ t (that is, the delay can be configured), therefore, insert the calibration sequence at the GP head position ⁇ t from the GP to obtain the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the preset delay configuration information used to determine the distance between the position of the GP head and the frame head of the data frame, or characterizes the guard interval of the corresponding data frame of the GP
  • the delay value is ⁇ t (that is, the delay can be configured)
  • the position of the GP or the phase of the GP can be determined according to the edge signal of the GP to insert into the calibration sequence. For example, after determining to insert the calibration sequence in the i-th GP of the data frame, the signal processing device can determine the position of the GP according to the falling edge signal of the i-th GP, and then insert the calibration sequence into the i-th GP according to the delay value ⁇ t In the GP, i represents the serial number of the GP in the data frame, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the channel to be calibrated receives and transmits the input sequence to obtain its output sequence.
  • the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated includes two parts, one part is the response of the channel to be calibrated to the delay value ⁇ t, and the other part is the response of the channel to be calibrated to the calibration sequence (ie, the calibration response sequence). If the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is directly used as the calibration response sequence, it will cause large errors, thereby affecting the accuracy of antenna calibration. Therefore, the antenna calibration device needs to specify the position information of the calibration response sequence in the output sequence, so as to accurately collect the calibration response sequence from the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the delay value can be configured by the antenna calibration device.
  • the downlink interpolation module (that is, the functional module that executes the insertion of the calibration sequence into the GP) inserts the calibration sequence into the GP according to the delay value and the phase information of the GP, and transmits the GP phase information to the uplink receiving module, so that the antenna calibration device can pass the uplink receiving module.
  • the module obtains the phase information of the GP and performs antenna calibration in combination with the delay value.
  • Step S202 according to the phase information and delay information of the GP, determine the initial collection position.
  • the starting collection position corresponds to the starting position of the calibration response sequence in the GP.
  • the antenna calibration device first determines the head position of the GP in the data frame according to the phase information of the GP, and then determines the distance between the calibration response sequence and the head position of the GP according to the delay information, thereby determining the initial collection position.
  • Step S203 collect the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the initial collection position, and obtain the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the antenna calibration device can accurately collect the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated from the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a calibration response sequence.
  • the calibration response sequence is located within the GP of the data frame.
  • the antenna calibration device first determines the head position of the GP according to the phase information of the GP, and then determines the distance ⁇ t between the calibration response sequence and the head position of the GP according to the delay information, thereby determining the initial acquisition position (that is, the delay can be found), and according to The start collection position collects the calibration response sequence from the input sequence.
  • the calibration response sequence may be stored in a preset storage space.
  • the calibration response sequence can be obtained from the preset storage space.
  • Step S204 calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • Step S204 in this embodiment is the same as step S103 in an embodiment of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated is first generated, so that there is no need to obtain the calibration sequence through other functional entities, which can reduce the interaction with other functional entities and simplify the calibration process; according to the phase information and delay information of the GP, it can be accurately Determine the position information of the calibration response sequence in the output sequence, so as to determine the accurate initial acquisition position; according to the initial acquisition position, collect the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated, and obtain the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated with high accuracy ; Therefore, when the channel to be calibrated is calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, the calibration accuracy of the channel to be calibrated can be effectively improved, thereby improving the overall calibration accuracy of the antenna.
  • the antenna calibration method further includes: when the channel to be calibrated is the transmission channel of the antenna, The output sequence of each channel to be calibrated is separated from the mixed sequence, wherein the mixed sequence is a sequence set received by the standard receiving channel and includes output sequences of a plurality of channels to be calibrated.
  • VGA Variable Gain Amplifier
  • the antenna calibration method further includes: in the case of acquiring the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the initial acquisition position, Obtain the attenuation factor information of the variable gain amplifier VGA at the time of acquisition; when it is determined that the VGA is abnormal according to the attenuation factor information, suspend the acquisition operation of the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated; and, when it is determined that the VGA returns to normal, restart
  • the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is collected according to the calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated.
  • VGA attenuation factor information By detecting the VGA attenuation factor information during the acquisition sequence, it is possible to avoid the acquisition of the calibration response sequence in the event of VGA attenuation abnormality and other faults, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the collected calibration response sequence and improving the calibration accuracy of the antenna .
  • the antenna calibration method further includes: The factor information and the attenuation factor information correspond to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated at the acquisition time, and are stored in the preset storage space.
  • the calibration response sequence has an accurate correspondence with the VGA attenuation factor information, and the problem of inaccurate acquisition results due to time delay can be avoided.
  • the antenna calibration method when it is determined according to the attenuation factor information that the VGA is abnormal, after suspending the acquisition operation of the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated, the antenna calibration method further includes: according to the attenuation factor information, determining the VGA to be collected during the abnormal period Calibrate the calibration response sequence of the channel; set the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated collected during the VGA abnormality in the preset storage space to an invalid state.
  • the antenna calibration device can be effectively prompted for the status information of the calibration response sequence, thereby preventing the antenna calibration device from obtaining the status information in the preset storage space. Calibration response sequence for invalid status.
  • the antenna calibration device may directly use the collected calibration response sequence, or obtain the calibration response sequence from a preset storage space, which is not limited in this application.
  • the antenna calibration device can only obtain the calibration response sequence except for the invalid state according to the state information.
  • This part of the calibration response sequence is the calibration response sequence collected and stored under normal VGA conditions. Therefore, when using this part of the calibration response sequence for calibration, the accuracy of the calibration can be guaranteed.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic flowchart of an antenna calibration method in still another embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna calibration method can be applied to an antenna calibration device, and the antenna calibration device can be set in the RRU.
  • the antenna calibration method in the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps S501 to S504.
  • Step S501 generating a calibration sequence of channels to be calibrated.
  • Step S502 according to the acquired calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated, determine the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • Steps S501-S502 in this embodiment are the same as steps S101-S102 in an embodiment of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step S503 according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated is obtained.
  • channel estimation is performed on the channel to be calibrated to obtain the impulse response information of the channel to be calibrated; secondly, according to the impulse response information of the channel to be calibrated , to obtain the antenna weight of the channel to be calibrated; finally, according to the antenna weight of the channel to be calibrated and the antenna weight of the preset standard reference channel, determine the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the antenna weight is related to parameters such as amplitude, phase, and time delay of the channel to be calibrated
  • the preset standard reference channel is a channel selected from the channels to be calibrated.
  • the calibration sequence is a periodic sequence
  • the calibration response sequence is a periodic sequence having the same period as the calibration sequence.
  • Obtaining the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated includes: calculating the period compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence and the calibration sequence for each specified cycle; Calculate the average value of the period compensation coefficients of the channel to be calibrated to obtain the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the length or cycle of the calibration sequence can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs; the specified cycle can also be set according to actual needs, which can include all cycles, or some cycles selected from all cycles, and this application does not make any limited.
  • the period compensation coefficient is calculated once for each specified period, and the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated is determined according to the average value of the compensation coefficients of multiple periods, it is equivalent to performing multiple calibration operations in one calibration process. Therefore, the calibration accuracy can be effectively improved.
  • Step S504 calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the antenna calibration device compensates the signal received by the channel to be calibrated or the signal transmitted by the channel to be calibrated according to the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated, so as to ensure that each channel to be calibrated The communication characteristics are consistent, and the calibration of the channel to be calibrated is realized.
  • the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated is generated first, so that there is no need to obtain the calibration sequence through other functional entities, which can reduce the interaction with other functional entities and simplify the calibration process; according to the acquired calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and The output sequence of the channel to be calibrated can obtain a calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated with higher accuracy. Therefore, when the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated is determined according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, a compensation coefficient with high accuracy can be obtained, so that the channel to be calibrated can be calculated according to the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated When calibrating, higher calibration accuracy is obtained, thereby improving the overall calibration accuracy of the antenna.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the antenna calibration device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna calibration apparatus 600 includes a generation module 601 , a determination module 602 and a generation module 603 .
  • the generating module 601 is configured to generate a calibration sequence of channels to be calibrated.
  • the determination module 602 is configured to determine the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the acquired calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated includes phase information and delay information of the GP.
  • the phase information of the GP is used to characterize the interval between the head position of the GP and the frame header of the data frame, and the delay information is used to characterize the interval between the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the head position of the GP.
  • the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is the sequence obtained by the channel to be calibrated in response to the input sequence of the channel to be calibrated, and the calibration response sequence is the sequence obtained by the channel to be calibrated in response to its calibration sequence.
  • the determination module 602 includes a position determination unit and a sequence acquisition unit.
  • the position determination unit is configured to determine the initial acquisition position according to the phase information and delay information of the GP, wherein the initial acquisition position corresponds to the initial position of the calibration response sequence in the GP;
  • the sequence acquisition unit is configured to determine the initial acquisition position according to the Collect the initial collection position, collect the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated, and obtain the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the calibration module 603 is configured to calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the calibration module 603 includes a compensation determination unit and a compensation calibration unit.
  • the compensation determination unit is used to obtain the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated; the compensation calibration unit is used to calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the compensation determination unit includes an estimation subunit, a sub-weight value acquisition unit, and a compensation coefficient determination subunit.
  • the estimation subunit is configured to perform channel estimation on the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, and obtain the impulse response information of the channel to be calibrated;
  • the weight acquisition subunit is configured as Obtain the antenna weight of the channel to be calibrated according to the impulse response information of the channel to be calibrated;
  • the compensation coefficient determination subunit is configured to determine the channel to be calibrated according to the antenna weight of the channel to be calibrated and the antenna weight of a preset standard reference channel compensation coefficient.
  • the compensation determination unit when the calibration sequence is a periodic sequence and the calibration response sequence is a periodic sequence having the same period as the calibration sequence, the compensation determination unit includes a first calculation subunit and a second calculation subunit.
  • the first calculation subunit is configured to calculate the period compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence and the calibration sequence for each specified period;
  • the second calculation subunit is configured to calculate the period compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated The average value of is obtained to obtain the compensation coefficient of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the generation module generates the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated, so that there is no need to obtain the calibration sequence through other functional entities, which can reduce the interaction with other functional entities and simplify the calibration process;
  • the configuration information and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated can obtain the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated with higher accuracy; therefore, the calibration module performs the calibration of the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response During calibration, the calibration accuracy of the channel to be calibrated can be effectively improved, thereby improving the overall calibration accuracy of the antenna.
  • the antenna calibration apparatus 600 further includes: an acquisition module and a processing module.
  • the obtaining module is configured to obtain the attenuation factor information of the variable gain amplifier VGA at the time of collection when the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is collected according to the initial collection position;
  • the collection operation of the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is suspended, and, when it is determined that the VGA returns to normal, the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated is collected again according to the calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the antenna calibration device 600 also includes: a failure processing module configured to: determine the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated collected during the VGA abnormal period according to the attenuation factor information; The calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated collected during the abnormal period is set to an invalid state.
  • the antenna calibration apparatus 600 further includes: a sequence acquisition module configured to acquire the calibration response sequences of the channels to be calibrated except the invalid state from the preset storage space.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the remote radio frequency unit in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the remote radio frequency unit 700 includes: at least one antenna calibration device 701 .
  • the antenna calibration device 701 includes a generation module, a determination module and a calibration module.
  • the generation module is configured to generate the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated;
  • the determination module is configured to determine the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the obtained calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated;
  • the calibration module is configured to calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the remote radio frequency unit RRU is usually located on the top of the communication signal tower, and is relatively close to the antenna, and a short radio frequency line (jumper line) can be used for communication between the RRU and the antenna. Therefore, if the antenna calibration device is arranged inside the RRU, the time delay during the antenna calibration process is short and the operation is relatively simple.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the antenna calibration system in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna calibration system 800 includes: a remote radio frequency unit 810 and an antenna 820 .
  • the remote radio frequency unit 810 includes at least one antenna calibration device 811, and the antenna includes multiple channels to be calibrated.
  • the antenna calibration device 811 includes a generation module, a determination module and a calibration module.
  • the generation module is configured to generate the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated;
  • the determination module is configured to determine the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the obtained calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated;
  • the calibration module is configured to calibrate the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of an uplink calibration structure of an antenna calibration system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the receiving channel of the antenna is mainly calibrated, usually through the "send-multiple-receive" mode.
  • the channels to be calibrated include the first receiving channel 961, the second receiving channel 962 to the Nth receiving channel 96N (N is a positive integer greater than 1), and the antenna calibration module includes a generation module 901, a determination module 907 and a calibration module 908.
  • the antenna calibration device generates a calibration sequence through the generation module 901 and transmits the calibration sequence to the standard transmission channel 902 .
  • a signal processing device (not shown) in the standard transmission channel 902 generates an input sequence according to the calibration sequence and preset delay configuration information.
  • the standard transmit channel 902 transmits the input sequence to the antenna calibration port 903 using its channel link.
  • the antenna calibration port 903 sends the input sequence to the splitter 904, and the splitter 904 distributes the input sequence to the first antenna 951 to the Nth antenna 95N with "equal loss” and "equal phase shift".
  • the first receiving channel 961 , the second receiving channel 962 to the Nth receiving channel 96N (that is, the channels to be calibrated) receive input sequences, and obtain respective output sequences through transmission.
  • the antenna calibration device obtains the calibration configuration information of the channel to be calibrated from the standard transmission channel, and collects the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated from the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration configuration information through the determination module 907 , the channel to be calibrated is calibrated by the calibration module 908 according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the downlink calibration structure of the antenna calibration system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmit channel of the antenna is mainly calibrated, usually through the "multi-transmit-one-receive" mode.
  • the channels to be calibrated include the first transmission channel 1021, the second transmission channel 1022 to the Mth transmission channel 102M (M is a positive integer greater than 1), and the antenna calibration module includes a generation module 1001, a determination module 1007 and a calibration module 1008.
  • the antenna calibration device generates a calibration sequence through the generation module 1001, and transmits the calibration sequence to the first transmission channel 1021, the second transmission channel 1022 to the Mth transmission channel 102M (ie, the channel to be calibrated).
  • the signal processing device (not shown) in each channel to be calibrated inserts the calibration sequence into the GP time slot to generate the input sequence according to the calibration sequence and the preset delay configuration information, and uses its channel link to transmit the respective input sequence to obtain the respective output sequence.
  • the first antenna 1031 , the second antenna 1032 to the Mth antenna 103M send their respective output sequences to the coupling loop 1004 .
  • the coupling loop 1004 couples the output sequence of each channel to be calibrated to the antenna calibration port 1005 with "equal loss” and "equal phase shift", and the antenna calibration port 1005 sends the output sequence of each channel to be calibrated to the standard receiving channel 1006 .
  • the standard receiving channel 1006 receives the output sequence of each channel to be calibrated to obtain a mixed sequence.
  • the antenna calibration device can obtain the mixed sequence through the standard receiving channel 1006 . Before performing calibration, the antenna calibration device needs to separate the output sequence of each channel to be calibrated from the mixed sequence.
  • the antenna calibration device obtains its calibration configuration information from the channel to be calibrated, and the determination module 1007 determines the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration configuration information and the output sequence of the channel to be calibrated, and by The calibration module 1008 calibrates the channel to be calibrated according to the calibration response sequence of the channel to be calibrated and the calibration sequence of the channel to be calibrated.
  • the antenna group rotation method can be used for calibration (for example, each antenna group is equipped with 8 antennas, and the antenna group rotation is used for calibration).
  • Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of an antenna calibration process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the gain control device 1101 and the signal processing device 1102 are located in the downlink part, and are configured to send signals uplink; the antenna calibration device 1103 is located in the uplink part, and is configured to receive signals sent downlink, and according to the signal. Calibration operation.
  • the gain control device 1101 acquires the calibration sequence generated by the antenna calibration device 1103, processes the gain of the calibration sequence under the action of the gain factor, and sends the processed calibration sequence to the signal processing device 1102 (for example, read write control/timing switcher).
  • the signal processing device 1102 inserts the calibration sequence into the GP time slot of the data frame according to the preset delay configuration information, and sends the data frame uplink, and at the same time, sends the calibration configuration information to the antenna calibration device 1103 .
  • the antenna calibration device 1103 receives the data frame, collects a calibration response sequence from the GP according to the calibration configuration information, and stores the collected calibration response sequence in the storage space 1104 .
  • the antenna calibration device 1103 may acquire a calibration response sequence from the storage space 1104 to perform antenna calibration.
  • the synchronization of the uplink and downlink during the antenna calibration process is guaranteed through the calibration configuration information, and a relatively accurate calibration response sequence is obtained, thereby effectively improving the calibration accuracy.
  • Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of an antenna calibration process provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the gain control device 1201 and the signal processing device 1202 are located in the downlink part, and are configured to send signals uplink; the antenna calibration device 1230 is located in the uplink part, and is configured to receive the signal sent downlink, and according to the signal. Calibration operation.
  • the antenna calibration device 1230 includes a determination module 1231 , a calibration module 1232 , a detection module 1233 and an exception processing module 1234 .
  • the gain control device 1201 acquires the calibration sequence generated by the antenna calibration device 1230, processes the gain of the calibration sequence under the action of the gain factor, and sends the processed calibration sequence to the signal processing device 1202 (for example, read write control/timing switcher).
  • the signal processing device 1202 inserts the calibration sequence into the GP time slot of the data frame according to the preset delay configuration information, and sends the data frame upstream, and at the same time, sends the calibration configuration information to the determination module 1231 .
  • the determining module 1231 collects a calibration response sequence from the GP time slot of the data frame according to the calibration configuration information, and stores it in the storage space 1204 .
  • the detection module 1233 detects and caches the VGA attenuation factor at the time of data collection, and sends a prompt message to the exception processing module 1234 when it is judged that the VGA attenuation factor is faulty.
  • the exception processing module 1234 receives the prompt information, learns that the VGA attenuation factor is abnormal, and sends relevant instructions to the determination module 1231, so that the determination module 1231 does not continue the previous acquisition operation, but performs a new round of calibration response according to the calibration configuration information sequence acquisition process.
  • the calibration response sequence collected by the storage space 1204 during the VGA abnormal period is set to an invalid state, and the calibration module 1232 obtains a valid calibration response sequence from the storage space 1204 to perform antenna calibration when performing calibration.
  • Fig. 13 shows a structural diagram of an exemplary hardware architecture of a computing device capable of implementing the antenna calibration method and apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • a computing device 1300 includes an input device 1301 , an input interface 1302 , a central processing unit 1303 , a memory 1304 , an output interface 1305 , and an output device 1306 .
  • the input interface 1302, the central processing unit 1303, the memory 1304, and the output interface 1305 are connected to each other through the bus 1307, and the input device 1301 and the output device 1306 are respectively connected to the bus 1307 through the input interface 1302 and the output interface 1305, and then connected to the computing device 1300 other component connections.
  • the input device 1301 receives input information from the outside, and transmits the input information to the central processing unit 1303 through the input interface 1302; the central processing unit 1303 processes the input information based on computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1304 to generate output information, temporarily or permanently store the output information in the memory 1304, and then transmit the output information to the output device 1306 through the output interface 1305; the output device 1306 outputs the output information to the outside of the computing device 1300 for the user to use.
  • the computing device shown in FIG. 13 may be implemented as an electronic device, and the electronic device may include: a memory configured to store a program; a processor configured to run the program stored in the memory to The antenna calibration method described in the foregoing embodiments is performed.
  • the computing device shown in FIG. 13 can be implemented as an antenna calibration system, and the antenna calibration system can include: a memory configured to store a program; a processor configured to run the program stored in the memory , so as to execute the antenna calibration method described in the above embodiment.
  • Computer program instructions may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code written in any combination of one or more programming languages or object code.
  • ISA instruction set architecture
  • Any logic flow block diagrams in the drawings of the present application may represent program steps, or may represent interconnected logic circuits, modules and functions, or may represent a combination of program steps and logic circuits, modules and functions.
  • Computer programs can be stored on memory.
  • the memory may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology such as, but not limited to, read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), optical memory devices and systems (digital versatile disc DVD or CD), etc.
  • Computer readable media may include non-transitory storage media.
  • the data processor can be of any type suitable for the local technical environment, such as but not limited to general purpose computer, special purpose computer, microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), programmable logic device (FGPA) and processors based on multi-core processor architectures.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FGPA programmable logic device

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Abstract

本申请提出一种天线校准方法、装置和远程射频单元。该方法包括：生成待校准通道的校准序列；根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，确定待校准通道的校准响应序列；根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准。

Description

天线校准方法、装置和远程射频单元
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年9月30日提交的中国专利申请No.202111164967.X的优先权，该中国专利申请的内容通过引用的方式整体合并于此。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种天线校准方法、装置和远程射频单元。
背景技术
天线可以把传输线上传播的导行波，变换成在无界媒介中传播的电磁波，或者进行相反的变换。在实际应用中，为加强天线辐射场的方向性和场强度，可以将工作在同一频率的两个或两个以上的天线，按照一定的要求进行馈电和空间排列，构成天线阵列。在使用天线阵列时，要求各个天线阵元的射频通道特性保持一致。但是，由于不同天线阵元射频器件的实际参数存在差异，从而容易导致各天线阵元的射频通道特性不完全相同。因此，需要通过天线校准(Antenna Calibration，AC)技术对各射频通道进行校准，以保证各射频通道的通道特性一致。
发明内容
本申请提供一种天线校准方法、装置和远程射频单元。
本申请实施例提供一种天线校准方法，包括：生成待校准通道的校准序列；根据获取到的所述待校准通道的校准配置信息和所述待校准通道的输出序列，确定所述待校准通道的校准响应序列，其中，所述待校准通道的输出序列是所述待校准通道响应输入序列获得的序列；根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，对所述待校准通道进行校准。
本申请实施例提供一种天线校准装置，包括：生成模块，被配置为生成待校准通道的校准序列；确定模块，被配置为根据获取到的所述待校准通道的校准配置信息和所述待校准通道的输出序列，确定所述待校准通道的校准响应序列，其中，所述待校准通道的输出序列是所述待校准通道响应所述待校准通道的输入序列获得的序列；校准模块，被配置为根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，对所述待校准通道进行校准。
本申请实施例提供一种远程射频单元RRU，包括：至少一个本申请实施例中的任意一种天线校准装置。
本申请实施例提供一种天线校准系统，包括：远程射频单元和天线；其中，其中，所述远程射频单元采用本申请实施例中任意一种远程射频单元；所述天线包括多个所述待校准通道。
本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，包括：一个或多个处理器；存储器，其上存储有一个或多个程序，当一个或多个程序被一个或多个处理器执行，使得一个或多个处理器实现本申 请实施例中的任意一种天线校准方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，该可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本申请实施例中的任意一种天线校准方法。
关于本申请的以上实施例和其他方面以及其实现方式，在附图说明、具体实施方式和权利要求中提供更多说明。
附图说明
图1示出本申请一实施例中的天线校准方法的流程示意图。
图2示出本申请又一实施例中的天线校准方法的流程示意图。
图3示出本申请实施例中输入序列的示意图。
图4示出本申请实施例中校准响应序列的示意图。
图5示出本申请再一实施例中的天线校准方法的流程示意图。
图6示出本申请实施例中的天线校准装置的组成结构示意图。
图7示出本申请实施例中的远程射频单元的组成结构示意图。
图8示出本申请实施例中的天线校准系统的组成结构示意图。
图9示出本申请实施例提供的天线校准系统的上行校准结构示意图。
图10示出本申请实施例提供的天线校准系统的下行校准结构示意图。
图11示出本申请一实施例提供的天线校准过程示意图。
图12示出本申请又一实施例提供的天线校准过程示意图。
图13示出能够实现根据本发明实施例的天线校准方法和装置的计算设备的示例性硬件架构的结构图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文中将结合附图对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的各实施例及实施例中的各特征/实施方式可以相互任意组合。
当前，天线校准可以由基站或者基带处理单元(Base Band Unite，BBU)完成。在相关技术中，例如，基站根据可用的时频资源产生校准信号，并由射频收发模块和校准射频收发模块将校准信号传输至校准处理模块，校准处理模块根据接收的响应信号获取校准系数，并根据校准系数进行天线校准。又如，BBU生成校准控制信息和校准序列，通过下行子帧将校准控制信息和校准序列发送给该基站的远程射频单元(Remote Radio Unit，RRU)；RRU在下行子帧上接收校准控制信息和校准序列之后，根据校准控制信息确定校准类型(即发射校准和接收校准)，按照校准类型使用校准序列执行相应的天线校准，获得校准数据，并将校准数据通过上行子帧发送给BBU；BBU从上行子帧获取校准数据，根据校准数据计算校准系数，并根据校准系数对收发信号进行校准调整。
上述天线校准方案中，系统或功能模块之间的交互较多，联调难度较大。而且，校准处理模块或RRU从接收的信号中采集响应信号(序列)时缺乏指示信息，导致响应信号(序列)不准确，从而影响天线校准的准确性。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种天线校准方法，由RRU中的天线校准装置直接生成校 准序列，并根据获取的待校准通道的校准配置信息从待校准通道的输出序列中采集校准响应序列，使用待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准，从而无需从其他系统或功能模块获取校准序列，减少了交互操作，降低了校准流程复杂度，而且，获取的校准响应序列更为准确，能有效提高对待校准通道的校准准确度。
图1示出本申请一实施例中的天线校准方法的流程示意图。该天线校准方法可应用于天线校准装置，天线校准装置可设置于RRU。如图1所示，本申请实施例中的天线校准方法可以包括以下步骤S101至S103。
步骤S101，生成待校准通道的校准序列。
其中，待校准通道是天线中待进行校准的通道，其既可以是发射通道，也可以是接收通道。校准序列是用于进行通道校准的序列。
在一些实施方式中，天线校准装置根据预设算法生成具有良好的抗白噪特性的序列，并将其作为校准序列。
在另外一些实施方式中，天线校准装置根据预设算法生成原始序列，并将该原始序列进行周期循环移位，形成校准序列。
较相关技术中由基站或者BBU生成校准序列，并将校准序列发送基站侧的校准处理模块或者RRU执行天线校准而言，本实施例由天线校准装置直接生成校准序列并进行天线校准，可以有效减少天线校准过程中不同系统或者功能模块之间的交互操作，从而简化天线校准流程。
步骤S102，根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，确定待校准通道的校准响应序列。
其中，待校准通道的校准配置信息包括保护间隔(Guard Period，GP)的相位信息和延迟信息。GP的相位信息用于表征GP的头位置与数据帧帧头之间的间隔，延迟信息用于表征待校准通道的校准序列与GP的头位置之间的间隔。输出序列是待校准通道响应其输入序列获得的序列，校准响应序列为待校准通道响应其校准序列获得的序列。
在一些实施方式中，信号处理装置将校准序列插入数据帧的GP内获得输入序列。天线校准装置在确定待校准通道的校准响应序列时，根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息，从数据帧的GP内确定输出序列，并从输出序列中采集待校准通道响应于校准序列而生成的序列，获得校准响应序列。其中，信号处理装置是具有信号处理功能的装置。
通过在GP内插入校准序列并发送输入序列，使得输入序列与天线传输的业务信号在时域上相互错开，从而可以在不干扰正常业务通信的情况下进行天线校准。
步骤S103，根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准。
其中，对待校准通道进行校准，旨在使各个通道的通道特性保持一致。例如，通过校准使各通道的相位、幅度、时延等通道特性保持一致。
在一些实施方式中，根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准，包括：根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，获得待校准通道的补偿系数；根据待校准通道的补偿系数，对待校准通道进行校准。其中，补偿系数用于在完成校准之后，通道进行数据收发时，对发送或接收的信号进行补偿，从而实现各通道的通道特性一致。
在本实施例中，首先生成待校准通道的校准序列，从而无需通过其他功能实体获取校准序列，可以减少与其他功能实体的交互，简化校准流程；根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，可以获得准确性更高的待校准通道的校准响应序列；因此，在根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准时，能有效提高对待校准通道的校准准确度，从而提高天线的整体校准准确度。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，由于待校准通道既可以是发射通道，也可以是接收通道，因此，本实施例提供的天线校准方法既可以进行上行校准，也可以实现下行校准。
在待校准通道为发射通道的情况下，执行下行校准。具体地，天线校准装置生成校准序列，信号处理装置根据校准序列生成输入序列，并将待校准通道的输入序列发送至各个待校准通道(发射通道)。各个待校准通道接收并传输该待校准通道的输入序列，将该待校准通道的输出序列通过耦合环路发送至标准接收通道。天线校准装置从标准接收通道获取各个待校准通道输出序列，并执行天线校准。
在待校准通道为接收通道的情况下，执行上行校准。具体地，天线校准装置生成校准序列，信号处理装置根据校准序列生成输入序列，信号处理装置将待校准通道的输入序列发送至标准发射通道，标准发射通道通过分路器将待校准通道的输入序列发送至待校准通道，待校准通道接收并传输待校准通道的输入序列，获得待校准通道的输入序列。天线校准装置从待校准通道获取其输出序列，并执行天线校准。
其中，标准接收通道是从接收通道中任意选取的通道，在进行上行校准时，该标准接收通道恢复为正常的接收通道。类似的，标准发射通道是从发射通道中任意选取的通道，在进行下行校准时，该标准发射通道恢复为正常的发射通道。通过复用通道的方式进行天线校准，无需额外设置专用的校准通道，可以在一定程度上降低天线成本，而且操作灵活性也较高。
图2示出本申请又一实施例中的天线校准方法的流程示意图。该天线校准方法可应用于天线校准装置，天线校准装置可设置于RRU。如图2所示，本申请实施例中的天线校准方法可以包括以下步骤S201至S204。
步骤S201，生成待校准通道的校准序列。
本实施例中的步骤S201与本申请一实施例中的步骤S101相同，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施方式中，在生成待校准通道的校准序列之后，天线校准装置将校准序列发送至信号处理装置。信号处理装置根据预设延迟配置信息，将待校准通道的校准序列插入数据帧的保护间隔GP内，获得待校准通道的输入序列。其中，GP为处于数据帧下行时隙(Dw)和上行时隙(Up)之间的特殊时隙，预设延迟配置信息用于确定待校准通道的校准序列在GP中的插入位置。信号处理装置是具有信号处理功能的装置，其既可以是位于天线发射通道内部的装置，也可以是独立于天线发射通道之外的装置，本申请对此不作限定。
图3示出一种输入序列的示意图。如图3所示，数据帧包括下行时隙Dw、保护间隔GP和上行时隙Up。信号处理装置根据预设延迟配置信息确定GP的位置信息(用于确定GP头位置与数据帧帧头之间的距离，或者表征该GP对应数据帧的第几个保护间隔)以及确定时延值为△t(即延时可配)，因此，在该GP距离GP头位置△t处插入校准序列，获得待校准通道的输入序列。
在实际应用中，可以根据GP的边沿信号确定GP的位置或者GP的相位以插入校准序列。例如，在确定在数据帧的第i个GP内插入校准序列之后，信号处理装置根据第i个GP的下 降沿信号即可确定该GP的位置，进而根据时延值△t将校准序列插入该GP内，其中，i表示数据帧中GP的序号，i为大于或等于1的整数。
在信号处理装置生成输入序列之后，待校准通道接收并传输输入序列，获得其输出序列。其中，待校准通道的输出序列中包括两部分内容，一部分是待校准通道对时延值△t部分的响应，另一部分是待校准通道对校准序列的响应(即校准响应序列)。如果直接将待校准通道的输出序列作为校准响应序列，将导致误差较大，从而影响天线校准的准确性。因此，天线校准装置需要明确校准响应序列在输出序列中的位置信息，以从待校准通道的输出序列中准确地采集校准响应序列。
在一些实施方式中，时延值可以由天线校准装置进行配置。下行插数模块(即执行将校准序列插入GP的功能模块)根据时延值和GP的相位信息将校准序列插入GP内，并将GP相位信息传输给上行接收模块，使得天线校准装置通过上行接收模块获取GP的相位信息，并结合时延值进行天线校准。
步骤S202，根据GP的相位信息和延迟信息，确定起始采集位置。
其中，起始采集位置对应校准响应序列在GP的起始位置。
在一些实施方式中，天线校准装置首先根据GP的相位信息，确定数据帧中GP的头位置，再根据延迟信息，确定校准响应序列与GP头位置之间的距离，从而确定起始采集位置。
步骤S203，根据起始采集位置，对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集，获得待校准通道的校准响应序列。
在确定起始采集位置之后，天线校准装置即可从待校准通道的输出序列中准确地采集待校准通道的校准响应序列。
图4示出一种校准响应序列的示意图。如图4所示，校准响应序列位于数据帧的GP内。天线校准装置首先根据GP的相位信息确定GP的头位置，再根据延迟信息确定校准响应序列与GP头位置之间的距离△t，从而确定起始采集位置(即延时可寻)，并根据起始采集位置从输入序列中采集校准响应序列。
在本实施例中，通过设置时延值△t，并依据△t将校准序列插入GP内，可以避免校准序列或校准响应序列对下行时隙Dw和上行时隙Up中传输的业务信号的影响，保障业务的正常进行。
在一些实施方式中，在采集校准响应序列之后，可以将校准响应序列存储至预设存储空间。在使用校准响应序列和校准序列进行校准时，可以从该预设存储空间内获取校准响应序列。
步骤S204，根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准。
本实施例中的步骤S204与本申请一实施例中的步骤S103相同，在此不再赘述。
在本实施例中，首先生成待校准通道的校准序列，从而无需通过其他功能实体获取校准序列，可以减少与其他功能实体的交互，简化校准流程；根据GP的相位信息和延迟信息，可以准确地确定校准响应序列在输出序列中的位置信息，从而确定准确的起始采集位置；根据起始采集位置，对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集，可以获得准确性较高的待校准通道的校准响应序列；因此，在根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准时，能有效提高对待校准通道的校准准确度，从而提高天线的整体校准准确 度。
需要说明的是，在一些实施方式中，在步骤S202，根据GP的相位信息和延迟信息，确定起始采集位置之前，天线校准方法还包括：在待校准通道为天线的发射通道的情况下，从混合序列中分离出各个待校准通道的输出序列，其中，混合序列是由标准接收通道接收的、包括多个待校准通道的输出序列的序列集合。
还需要说明的是，考虑到在信号(序列)采集过程中，由于信号强度变化较大，导致恒定增益的接收机无法正确解调信号的问题，可以使用可变增益放大器(Variable Gain Amplifier，VGA)来调节信号的增益，从而保障解调的正确性。
在一些实施方式中，步骤S202，在根据GP的相位信息和延迟信息，确定起始采集位置之后，天线校准方法还包括：在根据起始采集位置对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集的情况下，获取可变增益放大器VGA在采集时刻的衰减因子信息；在根据衰减因子信息确定VGA出现异常的情况下，暂停对待校准通道的输出序列的采集操作；并且，在确定VGA恢复正常的情况下，重新根据待校准通道的校准配置信息对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集。
通过在采集序列过程中对VGA衰减因子信息的检测，可以避免在VGA发生衰减异常等故障的情况下采集校准响应序列，从而保障采集的校准响应序列的准确性，以提高对天线的校准准确性。
进一步地，在实际应用中，对衰减因子信息的检测存在一定的时延。当该时延与采集校准响应序列的时延不一致时，可能导致某时刻VGA已经出现异常，但是在该异常时期采集的校准响应序列仍被误认为正常序列，从而导致采集结果的不准确。基于此，在一些实施方式中，在根据起始采集位置对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集的情况下，获取可变增益放大器VGA在采集时刻的衰减因子信息之后，天线校准方法还包括：将衰减因子信息和衰减因子信息对应采集时刻采集的待校准通道的校准响应序列，存储到预设存储空间。
通过预先存储衰减因子信息和与之对应的校准响应序列，可以保障校准响应序列与VGA衰减因子信息具有准确的对应关系，避免由于时延而导致采集结果不准确的问题。
在一些实施方式中，在根据衰减因子信息确定VGA出现异常的情况下，暂停对待校准通道的输出序列的采集操作之后，天线校准方法还包括：根据衰减因子信息，确定在VGA异常期间采集的待校准通道的校准响应序列；将预设存储空间中在VGA异常期间采集的待校准通道的校准响应序列置为无效状态。
通过将预设存储空间中VGA异常期间采集的待校准通道的校准响应序列置为无效状态，可以有效提示天线校准装置校准响应序列的状态信息，从而避免天线校准装置从预设存储空间中获取处于无效状态的校准响应序列。
需要说明的是，在进行校准时，天线校准装置可以直接使用采集的校准响应序列，也可以从预设存储空间内获取校准响应序列，本申请对此不作限定。当从预设存储空间获取校准响应序列时，天线校准装置可以根据状态信息只获取除无效状态之外的校准响应序列，这部分校准响应序列是在VGA正常情况下采集并存储的校准响应序列，因此，使用这部分校准响应序列进行校准时，可以保障校准的准确性。
图5示出本申请再一实施例中的天线校准方法的流程示意图。该天线校准方法可应用于天线校准装置，天线校准装置可设置于RRU。如图5所示，本申请实施例中的天线校准方法可以包括以下步骤S501至S504。
步骤S501，生成待校准通道的校准序列。
步骤S502，根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，确定待校准通道的校准响应序列。
本实施例中的步骤S501～S502与本申请一实施例中的步骤S101～S102相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤S503，根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，获得待校准通道的补偿系数。
在一些实施方式中，首先，根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行信道估计，获得待校准通道的冲击响应信息；其次，根据待校准通道的冲击响应信息，获得待校准通道的天线权值；最后，根据待校准通道的天线权值和预设标准参考通道的天线权值，确定待校准通道的补偿系数。其中，天线权值与待校准通道的幅度、相位、时延等参数相关，预设标准参考通道是从待校准通道中选取的通道。
在另外一些实施方式中，校准序列为周期性序列，校准响应序列是与校准序列具有相同周期的周期性序列。根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，获得待校准通道的补偿系数，包括：针对每个指定的周期，根据校准响应序列与校准序列，计算待校准通道的周期补偿系数；计算待校准通道的周期补偿系数的平均值，获得待校准通道的补偿系数。其中，校准序列的长度或周期可根据实际需求灵活调整；指定的周期也可以根据实际需求进行设置，其可以包括所有的周期，也可以是从所有周期中选择的部分周期，本申请对此不作限定。
由于针对每个指定的周期都进行一次周期补偿系数的计算，并根据多个周期补偿系数的平均值确定待校准通道的补偿系数，因此，相当于在一次校准过程中执行了多次校准操作，从而可以有效提升校准的准确度。
步骤S504，根据待校准通道的补偿系数，对待校准通道进行校准。
在一些实施方式中，对于各个待校准通道，天线校准装置根据该待校准通道的补偿系数，对该待校准通道接收的信号或者由该待校准通道发射的信号进行补偿，从而保障各个待校准通道的通信特性保持一致，实现对待校准通道的校准。
在本实施例中，首先生成待校准通道的校准序列，从而无需通过其他功能实体获取校准序列，可以减少与其他功能实体的交互，简化校准流程；根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，可以获得准确性更高的待校准通道的校准响应序列。因此，在根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列确定待校准通道的补偿系数时，可以获得准确性较高的补偿系数，使得根据待校准通道的补偿系数，对待校准通道进行校准时，获得较高的校准准确度，从而提高天线的整体校准准确度。
图6示出本申请实施例中的天线校准装置的组成结构示意图。如图6所示，天线校准装置600包括生成模块601、确定模块602和生成模块603。
生成模块601被配置为生成待校准通道的校准序列。
确定模块602被配置为根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，确定待校准通道的校准响应序列。
待校准通道的校准配置信息包括GP的相位信息和延迟信息。GP的相位信息用于表征GP的头位置与数据帧帧头之间的间隔，延迟信息用于表征待校准通道的校准序列与GP的头 位置之间的间隔。待校准通道的输出序列是待校准通道响应待校准通道的输入序列获得的序列，校准响应序列为待校准通道响应其校准序列获得的序列。
在一些实施方式中，确定模块602包括位置确定单元和序列采集单元。其中，位置确定单元，被配置为根据GP的相位信息和延迟信息，确定起始采集位置，其中，起始采集位置对应校准响应序列在GP的起始位置；序列采集单元，被配置为根据起始采集位置，对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集，获得待校准通道的校准响应序列。
校准模块603被配置为根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准。
在一些实施方式中，校准模块603包括补偿确定单元和补偿校准单元。其中，补偿确定单元用于根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，获得待校准通道的补偿系数；补偿校准单元用于根据待校准通道的补偿系数，对待校准通道进行校准。
在一些实施方式中，补偿确定单元包括估计子单元、子权值获取单元和补偿系数确定子单元。其中，估计子单元，被配置为根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行信道估计，获得待校准通道的冲击响应信息；权值获取子单元，被配置为根据待校准通道的冲击响应信息，获得待校准通道的天线权值；补偿系数确定子单元，被配置为根据待校准通道的天线权值和预设标准参考通道的天线权值，确定待校准通道的补偿系数。
在另外一些实施方式中，在校准序列为周期性序列，校准响应序列是与校准序列具有相同周期的周期性序列的情况下，补偿确定单元包括第一计算子单元和第二计算子单元。其中，第一计算子单元被配置为针对每个指定的周期，根据校准响应序列与校准序列，计算待校准通道的周期补偿系数；第二计算子单元被配置为计算待校准通道的周期补偿系数的平均值，获得待校准通道的补偿系数。
在本实施例中，生成模块生成待校准通道的校准序列，从而无需通过其他功能实体获取校准序列，可以减少与其他功能实体的交互，简化校准流程；确定模块根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，可以获得准确性更高的待校准通道的校准响应序列；因此，校准模块在根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准时，能有效提高对待校准通道的校准准确度，从而提高天线的整体校准准确度。
本申请实施例提供了另一种可能的实现方式，其中，天线校准装置600还包括：获取模块和处理模块。其中，获取模块，被配置为在根据起始采集位置对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集的情况下，获取可变增益放大器VGA在采集时刻的衰减因子信息；处理模块，被配置为在根据衰减因子信息确定VGA出现异常的情况下，暂停对待校准通道的输出序列的采集操作，以及，在确定VGA恢复正常的情况下，重新根据待校准通道的校准配置信息对待校准通道的输出序列进行采集。
在一些实施方式中，天线校准装置600，还包括：故障处理模块，被配置为：根据衰减因子信息，确定在VGA异常期间采集的待校准通道的校准响应序列；将预设存储空间中在VGA异常期间采集的待校准通道的校准响应序列置为无效状态。
在一些实施方式中，天线校准装置600，还包括：序列获取模块，被配置为从预设存储空间获取除无效状态之外的待校准通道的校准响应序列。
图7示出本申请实施例中的远程射频单元的组成结构示意图。如图7所示，远程射频单元700包括：至少一个天线校准装置701。
在一些实施方式中，天线校准装置701包括生成模块、确定模块和校准模块。其中，生成模块，被配置为生成待校准通道的校准序列；确定模块，被配置为根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，确定待校准通道的校准响应序列；校准模块，被配置为根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准。
需要说明的是，远程射频单元RRU通常位于通讯信号塔的塔顶，距离天线较近，RRU与天线之间可以使用较短的射频线(跳线)进行通信。因此，将天线校准装置设置在RRU内部，在执行天线校准过程中时延较短，操作较为简便。
图8示出本申请实施例中的天线校准系统的组成结构示意图。如图8所示，天线校准系统800包括：远程射频单元810和天线820。远程射频单元810包括至少一个天线校准装置811，天线包括多个待校准通道。
在一些实施方式中，天线校准装置811包括生成模块、确定模块和校准模块。其中，生成模块，被配置为生成待校准通道的校准序列；确定模块，被配置为根据获取到的待校准通道的校准配置信息和待校准通道的输出序列，确定待校准通道的校准响应序列；校准模块，被配置为根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准。
图9示出本申请实施例提供的天线校准系统的上行校准结构示意图。
如图9所示，在上行校准过程中，主要对天线的接收通道进行校准，通常通过“一发多收”模式进行校准。其中，待校准通道包括第一接收通道961、第二接收通道962至第N接收通道96N(N为大于1的正整数)，天线校准模块包括生成模块901、确定模块907和校准模块908。
在本实施例中，天线校准装置通过生成模块901生成校准序列，并将校准序列传输至标准发射通道902。标准发射通道902内的信号处理装置(未示出)根据校准序列和预设延迟配置信息，生成输入序列。标准发射通道902使用其通道链路将输入序列发射至天线校准口903。天线校准口903将输入序列发送至分路器904，分路器904将输入序列“等差损”、“等相移”地分发到第一天线951至第N天线95N。第一接收通道961、第二接收通道962至第N接收通道96N(即待校准通道)接收输入序列，通过传输获得各自的输出序列。对于每个待校准通道，天线校准装置从标准发射通道获取该待校准通道的校准配置信息，并通过确定模块907根据校准配置信息从该待校准通道的输出序列中采集待校准通道的校准响应序列，由校准模块908根据待校准通道的校准响应序列和待校准通道的校准序列，对待校准通道进行校准。
图10示出本申请实施例提供的天线校准系统的下行校准结构示意图。
如图10所示，在下行校准过程中，主要对天线的发射通道进行校准，通常通过“多发一收”模式进行校准。其中，待校准通道包括第一发射通道1021、第二发射通道1022至第M发射通道102M(M为大于1的正整数)，天线校准模块包括生成模块1001、确定模块1007和校准模块1008。
在本实施例中，天线校准装置通过生成模块1001生成校准序列，并将校准序列传输至第一发射通道1021、第二发射通道1022至第M传输通道102M(即待校准通道)。各待校准通道内的信号处理装置(未示出)根据校准序列和预设延迟配置信息，将校准序列插入GP 时隙生成输入序列，并使用其通道链路传输各自的输入序列，获得各自的输出序列。第一天线1031、第二天线1032至第M天线103M将各自的输出序列发送至耦合环路1004。耦合环路1004“等差损”、“等相移”地将各个待校准通道的输出序列耦合到天线校准口1005，天线校准口1005将各个待校准通道的输出序列发送至标准接收通道1006。标准接收通道1006接收各个待校准通道的输出序列，获得混合序列。天线校准装置通过标准接收通道1006即可获得混合序列。在进行校准之前，天线校准装置需要从混合序列中分离出各个待校准通道的输出序列。针对每个待校准通道，天线校准装置从该待校准通道获取其校准配置信息，由确定模块1007根据校准配置信息和该待校准通道的输出序列，确定该待校准通道的校准响应序列，并由校准模块1008根据该待校准通道的校准响应序列和该待校准通道的校准序列，对该待校准通道进行校准。
需要说明的是，在下行校准时，需要兼顾校准效率和天线间干扰，因此，可以采用天线组轮发方式进行校准(例如，每个天线组设置8个天线，天线组轮发进行校准)。
图11示出本申请一实施例提供的天线校准过程示意图。
如图11所示，增益控制装置1101和信号处理装置1102位于下行部分，并被配置为向上行发送信号；天线校准装置1103位于上行部分，被配置为接收下行发送的信号，并根据该信号进行校准操作。
在一些实施方式中，增益控制装置1101获取天线校准装置1103生成的校准序列，在增益因子作用下对校准序列的增益进行处理，并将处理后的校准序列发送至信号处理装置1102(例如，读写控制/时序转换装置)。信号处理装置1102根据预设延迟配置信息，将校准序列插入数据帧的GP时隙内，并向上行发送该数据帧，同时，将校准配置信息发送至天线校准装置1103。天线校准装置1103接收数据帧，并根据校准配置信息从GP内采集校准响应序列，并将采集的校准响应序列存储到存储空间1104中。在执行校准操作时，天线校准装置1103可以从存储空间1104中获取校准响应序列进行天线校准。
在本实施例中，通过校准配置信息保障在天线校准过程中上下行的同步性，获得了较为准确的校准响应序列，从而有效提高了校准准确性。
图12示出本申请又一实施例提供的天线校准过程示意图。
如图12所示，增益控制装置1201和信号处理装置1202位于下行部分，并被配置为向上行发送信号；天线校准装置1230位于上行部分，被配置为接收下行发送的信号，并根据该信号进行校准操作。其中，天线校准装置1230包括确定模块1231、校准模块1232、检测模块1233和异常处理模块1234。
在一些实施方式中，增益控制装置1201获取天线校准装置1230生成的校准序列，在增益因子作用下对校准序列的增益进行处理，并将处理后的校准序列发送至信号处理装置1202(例如，读写控制/时序转换装置)。信号处理装置1202根据预设延迟配置信息，将校准序列插入数据帧的GP时隙内，并向上行发送该数据帧，同时，将校准配置信息发送至确定模块1231。确定模块1231根据校准配置信息从数据帧GP时隙内采集校准响应序列，并将其存储到存储空间1204中。在确定模块1231采集校准响应序列的过程中，检测模块1233检测并缓存采数时刻的VGA衰减因子，并在判断出VGA衰减因子出现故障的情况下，向异常处理模块1234发送提示信息。异常处理模块1234接收提示信息，获知VGA衰减因子出现异常，向确定模块1231下发相关指令，使得确定模块1231不再继续之前的采集操作，而是重新根 据校准配置信息进行新一轮的校准响应序列采集过程。另外，存储空间1204在VGA异常时期采集的校准响应序列被置为无效状态，校准模块1232在进行校准时，从存储空间1204中获取有效的校准响应序列进行天线校准。
图13示出能够实现根据本发明实施例的天线校准方法和装置的计算设备的示例性硬件架构的结构图。
如图13所示，计算设备1300包括输入设备1301、输入接口1302、中央处理器1303、存储器1304、输出接口1305、以及输出设备1306。其中，输入接口1302、中央处理器1303、存储器1304、以及输出接口1305通过总线1307相互连接，输入设备1301和输出设备1306分别通过输入接口1302和输出接口1305与总线1307连接，进而与计算设备1300的其他组件连接。
具体地，输入设备1301接收来自外部的输入信息，并通过输入接口1302将输入信息传送到中央处理器1303；中央处理器1303基于存储器1304中存储的计算机可执行指令对输入信息进行处理以生成输出信息，将输出信息临时或者永久地存储在存储器1304中，然后通过输出接口1305将输出信息传送到输出设备1306；输出设备1306将输出信息输出到计算设备1300的外部供用户使用。
在一个实施方式中，图13所示的计算设备可以被实现为一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括：存储器，被配置为存储程序；处理器，被配置为运行存储器中存储的程序，以执行上述实施例描述的天线校准方法。
在一个实施方式中，图13所示的计算设备可以被实现为一种天线校准系统，该天线校准系统可以包括：存储器，被配置为存储程序；处理器，被配置为运行存储器中存储的程序，以执行上述实施例描述的天线校准方法。
以上所述，仅为本申请的示例性实施例/实施方式而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。一般来说，本申请的多种实施例/实施方式可以在硬件或专用电路、软件、逻辑或其任何组合中实现。例如，一些方面可以被实现在硬件中，而其它方面可以被实现在可以被控制器、微处理器或其它计算装置执行的固件或软件中，尽管本申请不限于此。
本申请的实施例可以通过移动装置的数据处理器执行计算机程序指令来实现，例如在处理器实体中，或者通过硬件，或者通过软件和硬件的组合。计算机程序指令可以是汇编指令、指令集架构(ISA)指令、机器指令、机器相关指令、微代码、固件指令、状态设置数据、或者以一种或多种编程语言的任意组合编写的源代码或目标代码。
本申请附图中的任何逻辑流程的框图可以表示程序步骤，或者可以表示相互连接的逻辑电路、模块和功能，或者可以表示程序步骤与逻辑电路、模块和功能的组合。计算机程序可以存储在存储器上。存储器可以具有任何适合于本地技术环境的类型并且可以使用任何适合的数据存储技术实现，例如但不限于只读存储器(ROM)、随机访问存储器(RAM)、光存储器装置和系统(数码多功能光碟DVD或CD光盘)等。计算机可读介质可以包括非瞬时性存储介质。数据处理器可以是任何适合于本地技术环境的类型，例如但不限于通用计算机、专用计算机、微处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、可编程逻辑器件(FGPA)以及基于多核处理器架构的处理器。
通过示范性和非限制性的示例，上文已提供了对本申请的实施例/实施方式的详细描述。但结合附图和权利要求来考虑，对以上实施例/实施方式的多种修改和调整对本领域技术人员 来说是显而易见的，但不偏离本发明的范围。因此，本发明的恰当范围将根据权利要求确定。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种天线校准方法，包括：
    生成待校准通道的校准序列；
    根据获取到的所述待校准通道的校准配置信息和所述待校准通道的输出序列，确定所述待校准通道的校准响应序列，其中，所述待校准通道的输出序列是所述待校准通道响应输入序列获得的序列；
    根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，对所述待校准通道进行校准。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述待校准通道的输入序列为信号处理装置根据预设延迟配置信息，将所述待校准通道的校准序列插入数据帧的保护间隔GP内获得的序列。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述校准配置信息包括所述GP的相位信息和延迟信息，所述GP的相位信息用于表征所述GP的头位置与数据帧帧头之间的间隔，所述延迟信息用于表征所述待校准通道的校准序列与所述GP的头位置之间的间隔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述根据获取到的所述待校准通道的校准配置信息和所述待校准通道的输出序列，确定所述待校准通道的校准响应序列，包括：
    根据所述GP的相位信息和所述延迟信息，确定起始采集位置，其中，所述起始采集位置对应所述校准响应序列在所述GP的起始位置；
    根据所述起始采集位置，对所述待校准通道的输出序列进行采集，获得所述待校准通道的校准响应序列。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述根据所述GP的相位信息和所述延迟信息，确定起始采集位置之前，所述方法还包括：
    在所述待校准通道为天线的发射通道的情况下，从混合序列中分离出各个所述待校准通道的输出序列，其中，所述混合序列是由标准接收通道接收的、包括多个所述待校准通道的输出序列的序列集合。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述根据所述GP的相位信息和所述延迟信息，确定起始采集位置之后，所述方法还包括：
    在根据所述起始采集位置对所述待校准通道的输出序列进行采集的情况下，获取可变增益放大器VGA在采集时刻的衰减因子信息；
    在根据所述衰减因子信息确定所述VGA出现异常的情况下，暂停对所述待校准通道的输出序列的采集操作。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述暂停对所述待校准通道的输出序列的采集操 作之后，所述方法还包括：
    在确定所述VGA恢复正常的情况下，重新根据所述待校准通道的校准配置信息对所述待校准通道的输出序列进行采集。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述在根据所述起始采集位置对所述待校准通道的输出序列进行采集的情况下，获取可变增益放大器VGA在采集时刻的衰减因子信息之后，所述方法还包括：
    将所述衰减因子信息和所述衰减因子信息对应采集时刻采集的所述待校准通道的校准响应序列，存储到预设存储空间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述暂停对所述待校准通道的输出序列的采集操作之后，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述衰减因子信息，确定在所述VGA异常期间采集的所述待校准通道的校准响应序列；
    将所述预设存储空间中在所述VGA异常期间采集的所述待校准通道的校准响应序列置为无效状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，对所述待校准通道进行校准之前，所述方法还包括：
    从所述预设存储空间获取除处于无效状态之外的所述待校准通道的校准响应序列。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，对所述待校准通道进行校准，包括：
    根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，获得所述待校准通道的补偿系数；
    根据所述待校准通道的补偿系数，对所述待校准通道进行校准。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，获得所述待校准通道的补偿系数，包括：
    根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，对所述待校准通道进行信道估计，获得所述待校准通道的冲击响应信息；
    根据所述待校准通道的所述冲击响应信息，获得所述待校准通道的天线权值；
    根据所述待校准通道的天线权值和预设标准参考通道的天线权值，确定所述待校准通道的补偿系数。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述预设标准参考通道是从所述待校准通道中选取的通道。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述校准序列为周期性序列，所述校 准响应序列是与所述校准序列具有相同周期的周期性序列；
    所述根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，获得所述待校准通道的补偿系数，包括：
    针对每个指定的周期，根据校准响应序列与校准序列，计算所述待校准通道的周期补偿系数；
    计算所述待校准通道的周期补偿系数的平均值，获得所述待校准通道的补偿系数。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任意一项所述的天线校准方法，其中，所述待校准通道包括发射通道和接收通道；
    在所述待校准通道为所述发射通道的情况下，信号处理装置将所述待校准通道的输入序列发送至所述待校准通道，所述待校准通道接收并传输所述待校准通道的输入序列，将所述待校准通道的输出序列通过耦合环路发送至标准接收通道；
    在所述待校准通道为所述接收通道的情况下，信号处理装置将所述待校准通道的输入序列发送至标准发射通道，所述标准发射通道通过分路器将所述待校准通道的输入序列发送至所述待校准通道，所述待校准通道接收并传输所述待校准通道的输入序列，获得所述待校准通道的输入序列；
    其中，所述标准接收通道是从所述天线的接收通道中选取的通道，所述标准发射通道是从所述天线的发射通道中选取的通道。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的天线校准方法，其中，在所述待校准通道为所述天线的发射通道的情况下，所述待校准通道的输出序列从所述标准接收通道获取；在所述待校准通道为所述天线的接收通道的情况下，所述待校准通道的输出序列从所述待校准通道获取。
  17. 一种天线校准装置，包括：
    生成模块，被配置为生成待校准通道的校准序列；
    确定模块，被配置为根据获取到的所述待校准通道的校准配置信息和所述待校准通道的输出序列，确定所述待校准通道的校准响应序列，其中，所述待校准通道的输出序列是所述待校准通道响应所述待校准通道的输入序列获得的序列；
    校准模块，被配置为根据所述待校准通道的校准响应序列和所述待校准通道的校准序列，对所述待校准通道进行校准。
  18. 一种远程射频单元RRU，包括：
    至少一个如权利要求17所述的天线校准装置。
  19. 一种天线校准系统，包括：远程射频单元RRU和天线；
    其中，所述远程射频单元RRU采用如权利要求18所述的远程射频单元RRU；
    所述天线包括多个所述待校准通道。
  20. 一种电子设备，包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    存储器，其上存储有一个或多个程序，当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如权利要求1-16中任一项所述的天线校准方法。
  21. 一种可读存储介质，其中，所述可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-16中任一项所述的天线校准方法。
PCT/CN2022/081984 2021-09-30 2022-03-21 天线校准方法、装置和远程射频单元 WO2023050734A1 (zh)

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