WO2023048125A1 - 骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤、並びに、骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物 - Google Patents
骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤、並びに、骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- tissue
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- lung tissue
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- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
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- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
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- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a regenerating agent for bone tissue and lung tissue, and a pharmaceutical composition for regeneration of bone tissue and lung tissue.
- Regroth registered trademark
- bFGF-2 basic fibroblast growth factor-2
- macrolide antibacterial drugs have been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects in addition to antibacterial effects, but the mechanism is unknown.
- the inventors have so far reported that administration of macrolides to the living body promotes the production of the DEL-1 molecule and exhibits anti-inflammatory and bone resorption inhibitory effects (e.g., non- See Patent Document 1).
- the DEL-1 production induction pathway is induced by resolvin D1 and DHEA (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3), and the ability to induce it by erythromycin, a macrolide antibacterial drug. has also been shown to be about three times as large (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- DEL-1 induced in vivo contributes to the suppression of periodontitis (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1, 4 and 5) and pneumonia (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). are reporting that there are Furthermore, macrolide antibiotics including erythromycin have been shown to directly suppress bone resorption. It has also been reported that DEL-1 induced by macrolide antibiotics is important for proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 6).
- Maekawa T et al. “Erythromycin inhibits neutrophilic inflammation and mucosal disease by upregulating DEL-1.”, JCI Insight, Vol. 5, Issue 15, e136706, 2020.
- Maekawa T et al. “Antagonistic effects of IL-17 and D-resolvins on endothelial Del-1 expression through a GSK-3 ⁇ -C/EBP ⁇ pathway.”, Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Article number: 8272, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9272, 2015.
- Ziogas A et al. “DHEA Inhibits Leukocyte Recruitment through Regulation of the Integrin Antagonist DEL-1.”, J Immunol, Vol. 204, Issue 5, pp.
- Eskan MA et al. "The leukocyte integrin antagonist Del-1 inhibits IL-17-mediated inflammatory bone loss.”, Nature Immunology, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 465-473, 2012. Shin J et al., “DEL-1 restrains osteoclastogenesis and inhibits inflammatory bone loss in nonhuman primates.”, Science Translational Medicine, Vol. 7, issue 307, 307ra155, 2015. Mitroulis I et al., “Secreted protein Del-1 regulates myelopoiesis in the hematopoietic stem cell niche.”, J Clin Invest, Vol. 127, No. 10, pp. 3624-3639, 2017.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a novel bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent capable of regenerating bone tissue or lung tissue.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above objects, and found that DEL-1 (developmental endothelial locus-1) induced by macrolide antibacterial drugs induces the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. As a result, the inventors have found that it contributes to tissue regeneration of bones and lungs, and have completed the present invention.
- DEL-1 developmental endothelial locus-1 induced by macrolide antibacterial drugs induces the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
- the inventors have found that it contributes to tissue regeneration of bones and lungs, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent according to any one of (1) to (4) which is locally administered to bone tissue or lung tissue.
- a pharmaceutical composition for regeneration of bone tissue and lung tissue comprising the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent according to any one of (1) to (5) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. thing.
- the pharmaceutical composition for regeneration of bone tissue and lung tissue according to (6) which is used for treatment of diseases accompanied by destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue.
- the disease accompanied by destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue is one or more selected from the group consisting of periodontal disease, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary fibrosis, bacterial pneumonia, interstitial pneumonia, and emphysema;
- the pharmaceutical composition for regeneration of bone tissue and lung tissue according to (7) is used for the treatment or prevention of age-related decline in bone regeneration.
- bone tissue or lung tissue can be regenerated, accompanied by destruction of the bone tissue or lung tissue. Diseases can be effectively treated.
- FIG. 1 is a stained image of bone nodules produced by each osteoblast in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the ratio of bone nodules in each osteoblast and the relative expression levels of Runx2 mRNA, Sp mRNA and Bglap mRNA in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the amount of bone regeneration in wild-type and DEL-1-deficient experimental periodontitis model mice with or without erythromycin administration in Example 2.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the amount of bone regeneration in erythromycin-administered or non-administered old experimental periodontitis model mice in Example 2.
- FIG. 10 is a fluorescent immunostaining image of the periodontal tissue of wild-type mice with experimental periodontitis administered or not administered with erythromycin in Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a micro-CT image of the hind leg of each rheumatoid arthritis model mouse in Example 3.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relative expression level of DEL-1 mRNA in each vascular endothelial cell in Example 5.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the amount of bone regeneration in old experimental periodontitis model mice with or without administration of macrolide antibiotics in Example 5.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the amount of jawbone regeneration in young or old cynomolgus monkeys to which macrolide antibiotics or regloss were administered or not administered in Example 6.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the ratio of bone nodules in each osteoblast in Example 7.
- FIG. 10 shows stereomicroscopic images of teeth of aged mice with or without administration of macrolide antibacterial agents in Example 8; 10 is a graph showing the amount of tooth regeneration in aged mice to which macrolide antibiotics were administered or not administered in Example 8.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the number of DEL-1-positive cells in the jawbone of aged mice with or without administration of macrolide antibiotics in Example 9.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the number of ⁇ -SMA-positive cells in the jawbone of aged mice treated with or not treated with macrolide antibiotics in Example 9.
- FIG. 10 is an immunostaining image of senescent cells in the jawbone of aged mice to which macrolide antibiotics were administered or not administered in Example 9.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the number of senescent cells in the jawbone of aged mice to which macrolide antibiotics were administered or not administered in Example 9.
- FIG. 10 is a stained image of bone nodules in osteocytes differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells induced from human iPS cells under conditions with or without the addition of macrolide antimicrobials in Example 10.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the ratio of bone nodules in osteocytes differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells induced from human iPS cells under conditions with or without the addition of macrolide antibiotics in Example 10.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the number of senescent cells in the jawbone of aged mice to which macrolide antibiotics were administered or not administered in Example 9.
- FIG. 10 is a stained image of bone nodules in osteocytes differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells induced from human iPS cells under conditions with or without the addition of macrolide antimicrobials in Example 10.
- FIG. 10
- bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent and the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration pharmaceutical composition according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
- the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent of the present embodiment contains a macrolide antibacterial drug as an active ingredient.
- containing as an active ingredient means containing a therapeutically effective amount of a macrolide antibacterial drug.
- therapeutically effective amount means a biological or medical It refers to the amount of a macrolide antibacterial agent, or the amount of a combination of a macrolide antibacterial agent and one or more active agents, that elicits an effect or response.
- a preferred therapeutically effective amount is an amount that ameliorates symptoms of diseases involving destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue.
- a "therapeutically effective amount” also includes an amount that is prophylactically effective, ie, an amount suitable for prevention of a disease state.
- the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agents of the present embodiment are suitably used for activating age-degraded bone regeneration ability or promoting age-degraded expression of the DEL-1 gene. That is, the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent of the present embodiment can also be said to be an agent for activating age-degraded bone regeneration or an agent for promoting age-degraded expression of the DEL-1 gene.
- bone tissue or lung tissue can be regenerated by containing a macrolide antibacterial drug as an active ingredient.
- Macrolide antibacterial drug The active ingredient, macrolide antibacterial drug, is a drug that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosome. Macrolide antibacterial drugs are classified according to the size of the lactone ring of the aglycon moiety. In Japan, erythromycin (ERM), clarithromycin (CLM), 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotics such as roxithromycin (RXM); 15-membered ring macrolide antibiotics such as azithromycin (AZM); 16-membered ring macrolide antibiotics such as rokitamycin, kitasamycin, acetylspiramycin, josamycin and midecamycin have been marketed as pharmaceuticals.
- the macrolide antibacterial agent used as an active ingredient in the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent of the present embodiment is preferably a 14-membered ring or 15-membered ring macrolide antibacterial agent.
- the DEL-1 expression-increasing action and bone regeneration effect are remarkable, it is more preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin. It is even more preferable to have
- These macrolide antibacterial drugs are particularly likely to bind to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) present on the surface of DEL-1-producing cells, and thus have the effect of further increasing the expression of DEL-1.
- GHSR growth hormone secretagogue receptor
- Subjects to be administered include, but are not limited to, humans, monkeys, dogs, cows, horses, sheep, pigs, rabbits, mice, rats, guinea pigs, and hamsters. Among them, mammals are preferred, and humans are particularly preferred.
- Administration to a patient or patient may be systemic administration or local administration to bone tissue or lung tissue.
- local administration to bone tissue or lung tissue is preferable because side effects can be less likely to occur by reducing the dose.
- Specific administration methods include, for example, intrathecal injection, intraarterial injection, intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection (including injection into the gingiva), placement in bone defect sites, intramuscular injection, intraarticular injection, and intranasal injection. It can be performed internally, transbronchially, transpulmonary, transmuscularly, transdermally, or orally by methods known to those skilled in the art.
- Dose The dosage varies depending on the body weight and age of the patient, the symptoms of the patient, the administration method, etc., but a person skilled in the art can appropriately select the appropriate dosage.
- the dosage of the regenerating agent for bone tissue and lung tissue of the present embodiment is about 100 ⁇ g or more per day for an adult (with a body weight of 60 kg) in the case of oral administration as the amount of the macrolide antibacterial agent. It is considered appropriate to administer about 1200 mg or less, preferably about 200 ⁇ g or more to 1200 mg or less, more preferably about 400 ⁇ g or more to 1200 mg or less once a day or in several divided doses.
- parenteral administration for example, in the form of an injection, for adults (with a body weight of 60 kg), about 50 ⁇ g or more and 800 mg or less, preferably about 100 ⁇ g or more and 600 mg or less, more preferably about 200 ⁇ g per day. It is considered appropriate to administer about 600 mg or less once a day or in several divided doses.
- the pharmaceutical composition for regeneration of bone tissue and lung tissue of the present embodiment (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment") comprises the above bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent and a pharmaceutical containing a carrier acceptable for
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment can regenerate bone tissue or lung tissue by containing the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent as an active ingredient.
- “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” those that are usually used for formulation of pharmaceutical compositions can be used without particular limitation. More specifically, for example, binders such as gelatin, corn starch, tragacanth gum, and gum arabic; excipients such as starch and crystalline cellulose; swelling agents such as alginic acid; solvents for injections such as water, ethanol, and glycerin; Adhesives such as rubber-based adhesives and silicone-based adhesives are included.
- the pharmaceutical composition of this embodiment may further contain additives.
- Additives include lubricants such as calcium stearate and magnesium stearate; sweeteners such as sucrose, lactose, saccharin, and maltitol; flavoring agents such as peppermint and red oil; stabilizers such as benzyl alcohol and phenol; buffers such as salts and sodium acetate; solubilizers such as benzyl benzoate and benzyl alcohol; antioxidants; preservatives and the like.
- lubricants such as calcium stearate and magnesium stearate
- sweeteners such as sucrose, lactose, saccharin, and maltitol
- flavoring agents such as peppermint and red oil
- stabilizers such as benzyl alcohol and phenol
- buffers such as salts and sodium acetate
- solubilizers such as benzyl benzoate and benzyl alcohol
- antioxidants preservatives and the like.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment is prepared by appropriately combining the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agent with the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and additive in a unit dosage form generally accepted for pharmaceutical practice. It can be formulated by blending.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment may be in a dosage form for oral use or may be in a dosage form for parenteral use, but a dosage form for parenteral use is preferred.
- Dosage forms for oral use include, for example, tablets, capsules, elixirs, microcapsules and the like.
- Dosage forms for parenteral use include, for example, injections, sprays, ointments, patches and the like.
- the pharmaceutical composition of this embodiment may be used in combination with therapeutic agents for other diseases.
- therapeutic agents for other diseases For example, by using the above bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agents in combination with anti-inflammatory agents, antibacterial agents other than macrolide antibacterial agents, hyaluronic acid used for cartilage treatment, etc., the symptoms of the target disease are reduced. Meanwhile, bone tissue or lung tissue can be regenerated.
- the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agents and other agents may be prepared in the same formulation or in separate formulations.
- each formulation may be administered by the same administration route, or may be administered by separate administration routes.
- each formulation may be administered at the same time, may be administered sequentially, or may be administered separately at intervals of a certain time or period.
- the bone tissue and lung tissue regeneration agents and other agents may be provided as a kit containing them.
- the pharmaceutical composition of this embodiment is preferably used for treating diseases associated with destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue.
- diseases accompanied by destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue include periodontal disease, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary fibrosis, bacterial pneumonia (including aspiration pneumonia), interstitial pneumonia, and emphysema. be.
- bone tissue regeneration can be promoted by administering macrolide antibiotics to aged mice. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment is preferably used for treatment or prevention of age-related decline in bone regeneration ability.
- the present invention provides a method of regenerating bone tissue and lung tissue, comprising administering to a patient in need of treatment an effective amount of the macrolide antibacterial agent.
- the macrolide antibacterial drug include those mentioned above.
- the present invention provides a method for treating a disease associated with destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue, comprising administering an effective amount of the macrolide antibacterial agent to a patient in need of treatment.
- the diseases accompanied by the destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue include the same diseases as those described above.
- the present invention provides a method for treating or preventing age-related decline in bone regeneration, comprising administering an effective amount of the macrolide antibacterial agent to a patient in need of treatment or prevention. offer.
- the present invention provides a method for activating age-related decline in bone regeneration, comprising administering an effective amount of the macrolide antibacterial agent to a patient in need of treatment or prevention. .
- the present invention provides the macrolide antibacterial agent for regeneration of bone tissue and lung tissue.
- examples of the macrolide antibacterial drug include those mentioned above.
- the present invention provides the macrolide antibacterial agent for treatment of diseases involving destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue.
- diseases accompanied by the destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue include the same diseases as those described above.
- the present invention provides the macrolide antibacterial agent for treating or preventing age-related decline in bone regeneration.
- the present invention provides use of the macrolide antibacterial agent for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition for regeneration of bone tissue and lung tissue.
- the macrolide antibacterial drug include those mentioned above.
- Example 1 (DEL-1-dependent osteogenesis-promoting effect of erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic) An experimental periodontitis model mouse in which teeth are ligated with a silk thread causes inflammation and bone resorption in about 10 days after ligation, and thus is a useful model for research on inflammatory bone destruction.
- Ethanol final concentration 0.1% by mass
- erythromycin 10 ⁇ g/mL
- the medium was exchanged every 3 days, and after 15 days, the cells were stained with alizarin red S and bone nodules were measured.
- FIG. 1 "ERM” is the erythromycin addition group
- Fc control is the recombinant DEL-1 control addition group
- PC is the penicillin addition group
- DEL-1-Fc is the recombinant DEL-1 addition group.
- RNA was extracted using the RNeasy kit (manufactured by Qiagen), cDNA was synthesized using the cDNA synthesis kit (manufactured by Thermo Fisher), RT-PCR method (Quantstudio 3, Thermo Fischer) was used to confirm the relative expression levels of RUNX2 mRNA, Sp7 mRNA, and Bglap mRNA, which are important for bone regeneration.
- RT-PCR method Quantstudio 3, Thermo Fischer
- Erythromycin (10 mg/kg) and ethanol (final concentration 0.1% by mass) were intraperitoneally administered once after removing the silk thread.
- DEL-1 (1 ⁇ g) and Fc control (0.84 ⁇ g) were inoculated directly into the gingiva after removing the silk thread. The results are shown in FIG. 3 (left: wild-type mouse, right: DEL-1-deficient mouse) and FIG. 4 (aging mouse).
- FIG. 5 shows an image (magnification: 200 times) observed by a fluorescence microscope (manufactured by Nikon Corporation, ECLIPSE Ni-E).
- Fig. 5 it was revealed that the ratio of ⁇ -SMA-positive mesenchymal stem cells was increased by administration of erythromycin. That is, it was clarified that the administration of erythromycin promotes proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells present in the periodontal ligament, creating an environment in which bone and surrounding tissues are easily regenerated.
- CAIA rheumatoid arthritis
- mice were also prepared in which DEL-1 (10 ⁇ g) was administered via the tail vein once every 3 days from day 1 after CAIA induction.
- DEL-1 10 ⁇ g
- micro-CT examination was performed on the hind limbs of each mouse. The results are shown in FIG.
- LPS lipopolysaccharide
- FIG. 7 (A) is the lung tissue of an erythromycin-untreated mouse, (B) is the lung tissue of an erythromycin-treated wild-type mouse, and (C) is the lung tissue of an erythromycin-treated DEL-1-deficient mouse.
- FIG. 7(A) neutrophil infiltration and extensive tissue destruction were observed in erythromycin-untreated wild-type mice, and the lung tissue was fibrotic, resulting in collapse of the alveolar structure. rice field.
- FIG. 7(B) erythromycin-treated wild-type mice exhibited normal tissue repair and reconstruction of alveolar structures.
- normal tissue repair and reconstruction of alveolar structure were not observed in DEL-1-deficient mice treated with erythromycin, as shown in FIG. 7(C).
- Example 5 DEL-1 induction action and bone regeneration action by various macrolide antibiotics
- DEL-1-producing vascular endothelial cells (1 ⁇ 10 5 cells/mL) were treated with the macrolide antibiotics erythromycin (ERM) (10 ⁇ g/mL), azithromycin (AZM) (10 ⁇ g/mL), or clarithromycin. (CLM) (10 ⁇ g/mL) was added.
- EEM erythromycin
- AZAM azithromycin
- CCM clarithromycin
- Example 6 (Bone regeneration-inducing effect 1 by various macrolide antibiotics) A bone defect of 2 cm in diameter and 2 cm in depth was artificially created in the jawbone of young (2 years old) and old (10 years old) cynomolgus monkeys using a round steel bar. Then, 200 ⁇ g each of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin were added to the bone defect site. As controls, a non-administered group and a group administered with 200 ⁇ g of Regroth (registered trademark), which is approved as a bone regeneration agent, were also prepared. One month after administration of various drugs, the amount of bone regeneration was confirmed by micro-CT. The results are shown in FIG. In addition, in FIG. 10, * indicates p ⁇ 0.01.
- both young and old cynomolgus monkeys showed bone regeneration effects at ⁇ g doses.
- Regroth showed the expected (approximately 30%) bone regeneration effect (bone regeneration effect expected when used clinically for periodontal disease) in young cynomolgus monkeys.
- a sufficient bone regeneration effect was not observed at a dose of ⁇ g unit.
- the medium was exchanged every 3 days, and after 15 days, the cells were stained with alizarin red S and bone nodules were measured. The results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, * indicates p, 0.05, ** indicates p ⁇ 0.01.
- a control is a group added with ethanol (final concentration 0.1% by mass).
- a macrolide antibiotic erythromycin, clarithromycin, or azithromycin
- anti-DEL-1 antibody manufactured by Abcam
- anti- ⁇ -SMA antibody manufactured by Abcam
- Alexa Fluor 488 manufactured by Thermo Fisher
- Alexa Fluor registered trademark
- Fluorescent immunostaining was performed using an anti-CD31/PECAM-1 antibody (manufactured by Thermo Fisher) fluorescently labeled with 594 (manufactured by Thermo Fisher).
- senescent cells were stained using a senescent cell detection kit (manufactured by Fujifilm).
- FIG. 14 graph of DEL-1 positive cells
- FIG. 15 graph of ⁇ -SMA positive cells
- FIG. 16 observation of senescent cells
- FIG. 17 graph of senescent cells
- DEL-1 As shown in Figure 14, an increase in the number of DEL-1 positive cells was observed in the macrolide antibacterial drug administration group. In addition, although observation images are not shown, DEL-1 is expressed in the vicinity of CD31-positive cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL), which is the space that connects the tooth and bone, which is important for regeneration, by administration of a macrolide antibiotic. A strong increase in cells was observed.
- PDL periodontal ligament
- administration of macrolide antibacterial drugs resulted in proliferation of ⁇ -SMA-positive mesenchymal stem cells capable of differentiating into bone-producing osteoblasts in the periodontal ligament.
- Example 10 Human mesenchymal stem cells were induced from iPS cells. - Cultured in MEM and osteogenic medium (containing 50 ⁇ g/mL ascorbic acid and 10 mM ⁇ -glycerol diphosphate). Ethanol (final concentration 0.1% by mass) or erythromycin, clarithromycin or azithromycin (10 ⁇ g/mL each) was added to the medium. The medium was exchanged every 3 days, and after 15 days, the cells were stained with alizarin red S and bone nodules were measured. The results are shown in FIG. 18 (stained image) and FIG.
- FIG. 19 (graph showing the ratio of bone nodules).
- the ethanol (0.1% by mass final concentration) addition group is a control.
- * indicates p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.01, *** p ⁇ 0.001, and *** p ⁇ 0.0001.
- bone tissue or lung tissue can be regenerated, and destruction of bone tissue or lung tissue can be prevented. Associated diseases can be effectively treated.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年9月27日に、日本に出願された特願2021-156321号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1) マクロライド系抗菌薬を有効成分として含有する、骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
(2) 前記マクロライド系抗菌薬が、14員環又は15員環マクロライド系抗菌薬である、(1)に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
(3) 前記マクロライド系抗菌薬がエリスロマイシン、アジスロマイシン、及びクラリスロマイシンからなる群より選ばれる1種以上である(1)又は(2)に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
(4) 前記マクロライド系抗菌薬がアジスロマイシンである、(1)~(3)のいずれか一つに記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
(5) 骨組織又は肺組織に局所投与される、(1)~(4)のいずれか一つに記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
(6) (1)~(5)のいずれか一つに記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤、並びに、薬学的に許容される担体を含有する、骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
(7) 骨組織又は肺組織の破壊を伴う疾患の治療に用いられる、(6)に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
(8) 前記骨組織又は肺組織の破壊を伴う疾患が、歯周病、骨粗鬆症、関節リウマチ、肺線維症、細菌性肺炎、間質性肺炎、及び肺気腫からなる群より選ばれる1種以上である、(7)に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
(9) 加齢に伴う骨再生能低下の治療又は予防に用いられる、(6)に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
本実施形態の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤は、マクロライド系抗菌薬を有効成分として含有する。
有効成分であるマクロライド系抗菌薬は、リボソームの50Sサブユニットに結合することによって、細菌のタンパク質合成を阻害する薬剤である。マクロライド系抗菌薬は、アグリコン部分のラクトン環の大きさにより分類される。本邦では、エリスロマイシン(ERM)、クラリスロマイシン(CLM)、ロキシスロマイシン(RXM)等の14員環マクロライド系抗菌薬;アジスロマイシン(AZM)等の15員環マクロライド系抗菌薬;酢酸ミデカマイシン、ロキタマイシン、キタサマイシン、アセチルスピラマイシン、ジョサマイシン、ミデカマイシン等の16員環マクロライド系抗菌薬が医薬品として上市されている。
中でも、本実施形態の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤において、有効成分として用いられるマクロライド系抗菌薬としては、14員環又は15員環マクロライド系抗菌薬であることが好ましく、後述する実施例に示すように、DEL-1の発現上昇作用及び骨再生効果が顕著であることから、エリスロマイシン、クラリスロマイシン、及びアジスロマイシンからなる群より選ばれる1種以上であることがより好ましく、アジスロマイシンであることがさらに好ましい。これらのマクロライド系抗菌薬は、DEL-1産生細胞の表面に存在する成長ホルモン分泌促進因子受容体(GHSR)に特に結合しやすいことから、DEL-1の発現をより上昇させる効果があるものと推察される。なお、上記メカニズムはあくまで推測されたものであり、上記メカニズムと異なるメカニズムで所望の効果が得られる場合であっても、本実施形態の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤における技術的範囲に含まれる。
投与する対象としては、限定されるものではないが、例えば、ヒト、サル、イヌ、ウシ、ウマ、ヒツジ、ブタ、ウサギ、マウス、ラット、モルモット、ハムスター等が挙げられる。中でも、哺乳動物が好ましく、ヒトが特に好ましい。
投与量は、患者の体重や年齢、患者の症状、投与方法等により変動するが、当業者であれば適当な投与量を適宜選択することが可能である。
本実施形態の骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物(以下、単に「本実施形態の医薬組成物」と称する場合がある)は、上記骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤、並びに、薬学的に許容される担体を含有する。
薬学的に許容される担体としては、通常医薬組成物の製剤に用いられるものを特に制限なく用いることができる。より具体的には、例えば、ゼラチン、コーンスターチ、トラガントガム、アラビアゴム等の結合剤;デンプン、結晶性セルロース等の賦形剤;アルギン酸等の膨化剤;水、エタノール、グリセリン等の注射剤用溶剤;ゴム系粘着剤、シリコーン系粘着剤等の粘着剤等が挙げられる。
上記骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤と他の薬剤とは、同一の製剤にしてもよく、別々の製剤にしてもよい。また、各製剤は、同一の投与経路で投与してもよく、別々の投与経路で投与してもよい。更に、各製剤は、同時に投与してもよく、逐次的に投与してもよく、一定の時間乃至期間を空けて別々に投与してもよい。一実施態様において、上記骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤と他の薬剤とは、これらを包含するキットとしてもよい。
また、後述する実施例に示すように、老齢マウスにマクロライド系抗菌薬を投与することで、骨の組織再生を促進することができる。よって、本実施形態の医薬組成物は、加齢に伴う骨再生能低下の治療又は予防に好ましく用いられる。
一実施形態において、本発明は、上記マクロライド系抗菌薬の有効量を、治療を必要とする患者に投与することを含む、骨組織及び肺組織の再生方法を提供する。ここで、上記マクロライド系抗菌薬としては、上述したものと同様のものが挙げられる。
(マクロライド系抗菌薬エリスロマイシンによるDEL-1依存的な骨形成促進作用)
歯牙を絹糸にて結紮した実験的歯周炎モデルマウスは、結紮から10日程度で炎症と骨吸収が生じるため、炎症性骨破壊研究において有用なモデルである。6週齢の野生型マウス(N=8、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)、22月齢の老化マウス(N=4、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)、及び、6週齢のDEL-1欠損マウス(N=8、雄C57BL/6Nマウス(日本クレア社製)、欠損マウスの作製方法は非特許文献1に記載のとおり)を用いて上記実験的歯周炎モデルを作製し、結紮10日後に絹糸を除去して5日の炎症寛解期を経たところ、野生型マウスでは吸収された骨欠損の部位には骨の新生が認められたのに対して、DEL-1による歯周組織の修復機構が認められなかった。
そこで、これらの老化マウス及びDEL-1欠損マウスにリコンビナントDEL-1 1μgを歯肉組織に接種したところ、6週齢の野生型マウスと同様な骨修復が生じた。
結果を図1に示す。図1において、「ERM」はエリスロマイシン添加群、「Fc control」はリコンビナントDEL-1のコントロール添加群、「PC」はペニシリン添加群、DEL-1-FcはリコンビナントDEL-1添加群である。
Edil3(Mm01291247_m1)
Runx2(Mm00501584_m1)
Bglap(Mm03413826_mH)
Sp7(Mm00504574_m1)
Gapdh(発現コントロール)(Mm99999915_g1)
(マクロライド系抗菌薬エリスロマイシンによる骨再生誘導効果)
6週齢の野生型マウス(N=8、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)、22月齢の老化マウス(N=4、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)、及び、6週齢のDEL-1欠損マウス(N=8、雄C57BL/6Nマウス(日本クレア社製)、欠損マウスの作製方法は非特許文献1に記載のとおり)を用いて、実施例1に記載の実験的歯周炎モデルを作製し、結紮10日後に絹糸を除去して実験的に歯周炎を誘導した後、5日間の骨再生期間を設けて、吸収された骨の再生量を実体顕微鏡と画像測定ソフトウエア(ニコン社製)により測定した。エリスロマイシン(10mg/kg)、エタノール(最終濃度0.1質量%)を絹糸除去後に一度腹腔内投与した。また、DEL-1(1μg)、及びFc control(0.84μg)は、絹糸除去後に歯肉に直接接種した。結果を図3(左:野生型マウス、右:DEL-1欠損マウス)、並びに、図4(老化マウス)に示す。
(リウマチ関節炎モデルにおけるエリスロマイシンによる骨再生作用)
6週齢の野生型マウス(N=4、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)、及び、6週齢のDEL-1欠損マウス(N=4、雄C57BL/6Nマウス(日本クレア社製)、欠損マウスの作製方法は非特許文献1に記載のとおり)を用いて、リウマチ関節炎(CAIA)(コンドレックス社製のコラーゲン抗体投与関節炎誘導カクテルを使用、作製方法の詳細は岩井化学薬品株式会社提供のプロトコールに従った。)を誘導し、誘導後1日目より3日に1度エリスロマイシン(10mg/kg)を腹腔内投与した。DEL-1欠損マウスについては、DEL-1(10μg)を尾静脈より、CAIA誘導後1日目から3日に1度投与した群も準備した。投与から9日後、各マウスの後脚についてマイクロCTによる検査を実施した。結果を図6に示す。
(急性肺障害に対するエリスロマイシンによる肺組織再生作用)
マウスの気管及び気管支にリポ多糖(LPS)を投与することにより、急性肺障害を誘導した(作製方法の詳細は非特許文献1に記載のとおり)。6週齢の野生型マウス(N=4、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)、及び、6週齢のDEL-1欠損マウス(N=4、雄C57BL/6Nマウス(日本クレア社製)、欠損マウスの作製方法は非特許文献1に記載のとおり)に、エリスロマイシン(10mg/kg)を腹腔内投与により1日1回、合計2週間投与した。投与後、各マウスから肺を摘出して、固定化した後、スライス標本を作製した。次いで、ヘマトキシリン及びエオシン(HE)染色を行った。顕微鏡(ニコン社製、ECLIPSE Ni-E)による観察像(倍率:10倍及び200倍)を図7に示す。図7において、(A)はエリスロマイシン非投与マウスの肺組織であり、(B)はエリスロマイシン投与の野生型マウスの肺組織であり、(C)はエリスロマイシン投与のDEL-1欠損マウスの肺組織である。
図7(B)に示すように、エリスロマイシン投与の野生型マウスでは、正常な組織修復と肺胞構造の再構築が認められた。一方、図7(C)に示すように、エリスロマイシン投与のDEL-1欠損マウスでは、正常な組織修復と肺胞構造の再構築は認められなかった。
これらのことから、エリスロマイシンによる組織修復と肺胞構造の再構築は、DEL-1依存的であることが明らかになった。
(各種マクロライド系抗菌薬によるDEL-1誘導作用及び骨再生作用)
DEL-1を産生する血管内皮細胞(1×105cells/mL)に、マクロライド系抗菌薬のエリスロマイシン(ERM)(10μg/mL)、アジスロマイシン(AZM)(10μg/mL)、又はクラリスロマイシン(CLM)(10μg/mL)を添加した。添加から4時間後に、各血管内皮細胞から、cDNA合成キット(サーモフィッシャー社製)を用いてcDNAを合成し、RT-PCR法(Quantstudio3、サーモフィッシャー社製)によりDEL-1 mRNAの相対的な発現量を確認した。プライマーはサーモフィッシャー社製の設計済みプライマーを使用した。使用したプライマーのAssay IDを以下に示す。また、結果を図8に示す。
Edil3(Mm01291247_m1)
Gapdh(発現コントロール)(Mm99999915_g1)
(各種マクロライド系抗菌薬による骨再生誘導効果1)
若齢(2歳)及び老齢(10歳)のカニクイザルの顎骨にラウンドスチールバーにて人工的に直径2cm、深さ2cmの骨欠損を作製した。次いで、骨欠損部位に、エリスロマイシン、クラリスロマイシン、及びアジスロマイシンを各200μg添加した。対照として、非投与群と、骨再生剤として認可されているリグロス(登録商標)200μgを投与した群も準備した。各種薬剤の投与から1ヶ月後に骨再生量をマイクロCTにて確認した。結果を図10に示す。なお、図10において、*はp<0.01を示す。
(各種マクロライド系抗菌薬による骨再生誘導効果2)
3日齢の野生型マウス(N=6、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)の頭蓋骨より、0.1質量% タイプ1コラゲナーゼと0.2質量%ディスパーゼを37℃、20分間作用させることで骨芽細胞を単離し、α-MEM及び骨分化培地(50μg/mlのアスコルビン酸及び10mMのβ-グリセロール2リン酸含有)で培養した。野生型マウス由来の骨芽細胞(1×104cells/mL)を培養している培地中に、エタノール(最終濃度0.1質量%)、又は、エリスロマイシン、クラリスロマイシン若しくはアジスロマイシン(各10μg/mL)を添加した。3日毎に培地交換を行い、15日後に、アリザリンレッドSにて染色し、骨ノジュール測定を行った。結果を図11に示す。図11において、*はp、0.05、**はp<0.01を示す。また、コントロールは、エタノール(最終濃度0.1質量%)添加群である。
(各種マクロライド系抗菌薬による老齢マウスでの骨再生誘導効果1)
77週齢の野生型マウス(N=9、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)にマクロライド系抗菌薬(エリスロマイシン、クラリスロマイシン、又はアジスロマイシン)を10mg/kgで1日1回の7日間、腹腔内に投与した。歯の再生量を実体顕微鏡及び画像測定ソフトウエア(ニコン社製)により測定した。結果を図12(実体顕微鏡像)及び図13(骨再生量)に示す。なお、図12及び図13において、コントロールはマクロライド系抗菌薬非投与群である。また、図13において、*はp<0.05を示す。
(各種マクロライド系抗菌薬による老齢マウスでの骨再生誘導効果2)
77週齢の野生型マウス(N=9、雄C57BL/6Nマウス、日本クレア社製)にマクロライド系抗菌薬(エリスロマイシン、クラリスロマイシン、又はアジスロマイシン)を10mg/kgで1日1回の7日間、腹腔内に投与した。次いで、Alexa Fluor(登録商標) 488(サーモフィッシャー社製)にて蛍光標識された抗DEL-1抗体(アブカム社製)及び抗α-SMA抗体(アブカム社製)、並びに、Alexa Fluor(登録商標) 594(サーモフィッシャー社製)にて蛍光標識された抗CD31/PECAM-1抗体(サーモフィッシャー社製)を用いて、蛍光免疫染色を行った。また、老化細胞は、老化細胞検出キット(富士フィルム社製)を用いて染色を行った。蛍光顕微鏡(ニコン社製、ECLIPSE Ni-E)による観察(倍率:200倍)を行い、ランダムにピックアップしたスライド上におけるDEL-1陽性細胞、α-SMA陽性細胞、及び老化細胞の細胞数を測定した。結果を図14(DEL-1陽性細胞のグラフ)、図15(α-SMA陽性細胞のグラフ)、図16(老化細胞の観察像)、及び図17(老化細胞のグラフ)に示す。
(各種マクロライド系抗菌薬による、iPS細胞由来の間葉系幹細胞を分化した骨細胞での骨再生誘導効果)
iPS細胞からヒトの間葉系幹細胞を誘導したiCell(登録商標)間葉系幹細胞(iCell(登録商標)MSCs)(#01279、富士フィルム社製)(1×104cells/mL)を、α-MEM及び骨分化培地(50μg/mLのアスコルビン酸及び10mMのβ-グリセロール2リン酸含有)で培養した。培地中に、エタノール(最終濃度0.1質量%)、又は、エリスロマイシン、クラリスロマイシン若しくはアジスロマイシン(各10μg/mL)を添加した。3日毎に培地交換を行い、15日後に、アリザリンレッドSにて染色し、骨ノジュール測定を行った。結果を図18(染色像)及び図19(骨ノジュールの割合を示すグラフ)に示す。図18及び図19において、エタノール(最終濃度0.1質量%)添加群はコントロールである。図19において、*はp≦0.05、**はp≦0.01、***はp≦0.001、****はp≦0.0001を示す。
Claims (9)
- マクロライド系抗菌薬を有効成分として含有する、骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
- 前記マクロライド系抗菌薬が、14員環又は15員環マクロライド系抗菌薬である、請求項1に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
- 前記マクロライド系抗菌薬がエリスロマイシン、アジスロマイシン、及びクラリスロマイシンからなる群より選ばれる1種以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
- 前記マクロライド系抗菌薬がアジスロマイシンである、請求項1又は2に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
- 骨組織又は肺組織に局所投与される、請求項1又は2に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生剤、並びに、薬学的に許容される担体を含有する、骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
- 骨組織又は肺組織の破壊を伴う疾患の治療に用いられる、請求項6に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
- 前記骨組織又は肺組織の破壊を伴う疾患が、歯周病、骨粗鬆症、関節リウマチ、肺線維症、細菌性肺炎、間質性肺炎、及び肺気腫からなる群より選ばれる1種以上である、請求項7に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
- 加齢に伴う骨再生能低下の治療又は予防に用いられる、請求項6に記載の骨組織及び肺組織の再生用医薬組成物。
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WO2006137423A1 (ja) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | 肺胞破壊によって生じる肺疾患の治療または予防のためのクラリスロマイシンまたはその塩 |
JP2021156321A (ja) | 2020-03-25 | 2021-10-07 | 日本精工株式会社 | 転がり軸受及び軸受装置 |
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