WO2023045999A1 - 车窗总成及车辆 - Google Patents

车窗总成及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045999A1
WO2023045999A1 PCT/CN2022/120431 CN2022120431W WO2023045999A1 WO 2023045999 A1 WO2023045999 A1 WO 2023045999A1 CN 2022120431 W CN2022120431 W CN 2022120431W WO 2023045999 A1 WO2023045999 A1 WO 2023045999A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
signal transmission
linear heating
window
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/120431
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭勇
关金亮
陈敏
刘春炘
张灿忠
Original Assignee
福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP22872044.7A priority Critical patent/EP4380309A1/en
Publication of WO2023045999A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045999A1/zh
Priority to US18/593,213 priority patent/US20240198966A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/023—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means
    • B60S1/026—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means using electrical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/008—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements with layout including a portion free of resistive material, e.g. communication window
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of vehicle spare parts, in particular to a vehicle window assembly and a vehicle.
  • sensors are integrated on the front and rear window glass to provide more assistance to the driver, thereby helping the driver to drive.
  • the window glass may be fogged, frosted, etc., which affects the image acquisition and cannot help the driver to drive.
  • the sensor window on the window glass is heated by conductive wires to defog and frost.
  • the existing technology cannot meet the needs of multiple sensor windows. The design requirements for heating the area, and the layout of the heating area is poor.
  • the present application discloses a vehicle window assembly, which can solve the technical problems of design requirements for heating multiple sensor window areas and poor arrangement of heating areas.
  • the present application provides a vehicle window assembly
  • the vehicle window assembly includes a vehicle window glass, at least two sensors and a heating element
  • the vehicle window glass includes a functional area
  • the functional area has at least Two signal transmission windows arranged at intervals
  • the at least two sensors are installed on the inner side of the window glass, each sensor corresponds to the position of each signal transmission window
  • the heating element includes at least one A linear heating element, the at least one linear heating element extends through at least one of the signal transmission windows for multiple times, and no linear heating element extends through at least another signal transmission window.
  • the heating element heats one of the signal transmission windows, and heats the surrounding area of the remaining signal transmission windows, thereby realizing simultaneous heating of a plurality of the signal transmission windows.
  • the signal is heated through the window, while accelerating the effect of defogging and defrosting, it has a better layout of the heating area.
  • the linear heating element is a metal wire, a printed silver paste wire or a carbon fiber wire.
  • the vehicle window glass is a single piece of tempered glass, and the heating element is fixed between the vehicle window glass and the sensor.
  • the vehicle window glass includes a first transparent plate, a thermoplastic interlayer and a second transparent plate, the thermoplastic interlayer is bonded between the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate, the A heating element is fixed between the first transparent plate and the sensor.
  • the at least one linear heating element extends through at least one of the signal transmission windows multiple times along a straight path, an arc path, a sinusoidal path, or a rectangular wave path.
  • At least part of the periphery of the at least one signal transmission window through which no linear heating element extends is surrounded by at least one linear heating element.
  • the senor is selected from at least one of a visible light camera, an infrared camera, a lidar, a rain sensor, and a touch sensor.
  • the vehicle window assembly further includes a bracket, the bracket is arranged corresponding to the functional area, and the sensor is installed on the bracket.
  • the linear heating element includes a connected first part and a second part, the first part is used for electrical connection with a power supply, the second part falls into the signal transmission window, and the linear heating element
  • the heating element also includes a connected third part and a fourth part, the third part is used for electrical connection with the power supply, the fourth part surrounds at least part of the periphery of the signal transmission window, and the fourth part
  • the ratio to the total length of the second part is in the range of 0.3-2.5.
  • the fourth portion surrounds at least three peripheries of at least one of the signal transmission windows.
  • the linear heating element when the linear heating element is a metal wire, the linear heating element is any one or more of copper wire, tungsten wire, aluminum wire or copper alloy wire, and the linear heating element
  • the diameter range of the element is 0.01mm-0.5mm; when the linear heating element is a printed silver paste line, the printed line width of the linear heating element is 0.1mm-1.0mm, and the linear heating element
  • the printing thickness is 3 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m; when the linear heating element is a carbon fiber wire, the diameter range of the linear heating element is 0.01 mm-0.5 mm.
  • the number of the signal transmission windows is three.
  • the middle signal transmission window is passed back and forth by the linear heating element, the left side
  • the signal transmission window is not passed back and forth by the linear heating element and its surrounding edges are not surrounded by the linear heating element, and the upper edge of the right signal transmission window is surrounded by the linear heating element.
  • the middle signal transmission window is passed back and forth by the linear heating element, the left side
  • the signal transmission window is not passed back and forth by the linear heating element and the surrounding edges are not surrounded by the linear heating element.
  • the upper edge, lower edge, and right edge of the signal transmission window on the right side are covered by the wire shaped heating element surrounds.
  • the middle signal transmission window is passed back and forth by the linear heating element, the left side
  • the upper edge, lower edge, and left edge of the signal transmission window are surrounded by the linear heating element
  • the upper edge, lower edge, and right edge of the right signal transmission window are surrounded by the linear heating element.
  • the present application further provides a vehicle, the vehicle includes the vehicle window assembly and the vehicle frame as described in the first aspect, and the vehicle window assembly is installed on the vehicle frame.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a vehicle window assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view along line I-I in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic partial sectional view of a vehicle window provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic partial sectional view of a vehicle window provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heating area provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heating area provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a heating area provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a heating area provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • window assembly-1 window glass-11, functional area-111, signal transmission window-1111, first transparent plate-112, thermoplastic intermediate layer-113, second transparent plate-114, thermoplastic polymer Ester-115, Sensor-12, Heating Element-13, Wire Heating Element-131, First Part-1311, Second Part-1312, Third Part-1313, Fourth Part-1314, Bracket-14, Vehicle-2 , frame-21.
  • the present application provides a vehicle window assembly 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 together, Figure 1 is a schematic top view of the vehicle window assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a partial view along the line I-I in Figure 1 Cutaway diagram.
  • the vehicle window assembly 1 includes a vehicle window glass 11, at least two sensors 12 and a heating element 13.
  • the vehicle window glass 11 includes a functional area 111, and the functional area 111 has at least two signal transmission window 1111, the at least two sensors 12 are installed on the inner side of the window glass 11, each sensor 12 corresponds to the position of each signal through the window 1111, and the heating element 13 includes at least one wire
  • the heating element 131 the at least one linear heating element 131 extends through at least one signal transmission window 1111 multiple times, and at least another signal transmission window 1111 does not extend through the linear heating element 131 .
  • the sensor 12 includes at least an image sensor 12 capable of acquiring an image in front of the window glass 11 through the signal transmission window 1111 .
  • the signal transmission window 1111 is trapezoidal. In other possible implementations, the signal transmission window 1111 can also be in other shapes, such as rectangle, triangle, circle, etc. Not limited.
  • the window glass 11 is more likely to be fogged and frosted, so that the sensor 12 cannot clearly obtain the front view. Heating the window glass 11 can achieve the effect of accelerating defogging and frosting, so that the sensor 12 can obtain a clear view ahead.
  • the heating element 13 is a resistance heating element.
  • the heating element 13 When the current passes through the heating element 13, the heating element 13 will generate a certain amount of heat. Since the vehicle voltage is basically constant, the heating element 13 will generate heat. The size is generally negatively related to the resistance value of the heating element 13 .
  • the heating element 13 is generally selected to be as small as possible. .
  • the heating element 13 has an appropriate resistance value, which ensures that when the heating element 13 is energized, the heating element 13 can generate a certain amount of heat to the window glass 11 Heating is performed, and the heating element 13 is prevented from interfering with the sensor 12 to obtain an image.
  • one end of the linear heating element 131 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the other end of the linear heating element 131 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, so that current flows through the linear heating element 131 .
  • the at least one linear heating element 131 extends through at least one of the signal transmission windows 1111 multiple times to heat the corresponding signal transmission window 1111 on the vehicle window glass 11 . At least one of the signal transmission windows 1111 does not have the linear heating element 131 extending through it, so that while meeting the defrosting and defogging requirements of a specific signal transmission window, a more reasonable arrangement of the linear heating elements 131 is realized .
  • the linear heating element 131 heats the entire area of one of the signal transmission windows 1111, and heats the rest at least The surrounding area of one signal transmission window 1111 is heated, so as to realize the differential heating of multiple signal transmission windows 1111 at the same time, while accelerating the defogging and defrosting effects, it has a better arrangement of the heating area .
  • the linear heating element 131 is a metal wire, a printed silver paste wire or a carbon fiber wire.
  • the linear heating element 131 when the linear heating element 131 is a metal wire, the linear heating element 131 can be any one or more of copper wire, tungsten wire, aluminum wire or copper alloy wire, and the wire
  • the diameter of the shaped heating element 131 ranges from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the diameter range of the linear heating element 131 can also be 0.1mm-0.4mm, specifically, the diameter of the linear heating element 131 can also be 0.17mm, 0.23mm, 0.31mm, 0.39mm, etc., This application is not limited to this.
  • the linear heating element 131 is a printed silver paste line
  • the printing line width of the linear heating element 131 ranges from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm
  • the brushing thickness of the linear heating element 131 is from 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m .
  • the diameter of the linear heating element 131 ranges from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the diameter range of the linear heating element 131 can also be 0.1mm-0.4mm, specifically, the diameter of the linear heating element 131 can also be 0.14mm, 0.21mm, 0.27mm, 0.34mm, etc., This application is not limited to this.
  • linear heating elements 131 when the linear heating elements 131 are different, their positions in the vehicle window assembly 1 may also be different. Next, the installation position of the linear heating element 131 in the vehicle window assembly 1 will be described as an example.
  • the window glass 11 is a single piece of toughened glass, for example, used as a rear windshield of an automobile, and the heating element 13 is fixed on the side of the window glass 11.
  • the sensor 12 is fixed inside the vehicle and faces the heating element 13 on the surface on one side inside the vehicle, and the heating element 13 is located between the window glass 11 and the sensor 12 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a vehicle window provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the window glass 11 includes a first transparent plate 112, a thermoplastic interlayer 113 and a second transparent plate 114, and the thermoplastic interlayer 113 is bonded between the first transparent plate 112 and the second transparent plate 114 , the heating element 13 is fixed between the first transparent plate 112 and the sensor 12 .
  • the window glass 11 is laminated glass.
  • the first transparent plate 112 is used as the outer glass plate of the window glass 11
  • the second transparent plate 114 is used as the outer glass plate of the window glass 114.
  • the material of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113 can be selected from transparent polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), ionic interlayer (SGP) or polyurethane (PU), etc., to avoid hindering the sensor 12 from obtaining external environment information through the first transparent plate 112 .
  • the heating element 13 may be disposed on the surface of the first transparent plate 112 close to the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113, or disposed between the first transparent plate 112 and the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113, or disposed on at least one surface of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113, or disposed between the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113 and the second transparent plate 114, or disposed on at least one surface of the second transparent plate 114 .
  • the heating element 13 can be directly arranged on the surface of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113 close to the second transparent plate 114, and the heating element 13 can be at least partly covered by the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113; in FIG. The heating element 13 is fixed on the second transparent plate 114 .
  • the heating element 13 can also be arranged on the surface of thermoplastic polyester 115 (PET), and the PET with the heating element 13 can be sandwiched between The first transparent plate 112 and the second transparent plate 114 may also be bonded on the surface of the second transparent plate 114 away from the thermoplastic intermediate layer 113 .
  • PET thermoplastic polyester 115
  • the at least one linear heating element 131 extends through at least one signal along a straight path, an arc path, a sinusoidal path, or a rectangular wave path multiple times. Through window 1111.
  • the number of the sensors 12 is two, and the linear heating element 131 reciprocates through one of the signal transmission windows 1111 , and The linear heating element 131 also bypasses the other signal transmission window 1111, so that the linear heating element 131 can heat the entire area of one of the signal transmission windows 1111 while also heating the other.
  • One of the signals passes through the peripheral area of the window 1111 for heating.
  • At least a part of the peripheral edge of at least one signal transmission window 1111 through which no linear heating element 131 extends is surrounded by at least one linear heating element 131 .
  • At least part of the peripheral edge of at least one signal transmission window 1111 through which no linear heating element 131 extends is surrounded by at least one linear heating element 131, so that the signal transmission window 1111
  • the surrounding area of the window glass 11 corresponding to 1111 is heated, so as to realize the differential heating of multiple signal transmission windows 1111 at the same time, while accelerating the defogging and defrosting effects, it has a better arrangement of the heating area .
  • the senor 12 is selected from at least one of a visible light camera, an infrared camera, a laser radar, a rain sensor, and a touch sensor.
  • the visible light camera can obtain pictures through the window 1111 through the signal, and provide the picture to the driver through the vehicle display screen and other equipment;
  • the infrared camera can identify living things through the window 1111 through the signal, or at night Acquire the picture;
  • the lidar can obtain the distance between the obstacle or the object to be measured through the window 1111 through the signal;
  • the rain sensor can identify whether there is rain blocking the driver's line of sight through the window 1111 through the signal
  • the touch sensor can recognize the touch operation through the window 1111 through the signal, thereby providing a user experience of convenient operation.
  • the senor 12 may also be of other types, which is not limited in this application.
  • the vehicle window assembly 1 further includes a bracket 14 , the bracket 14 is arranged corresponding to the functional area 111 , and the sensor 12 is installed on the bracket 14 .
  • the bracket 14 when the vehicle window glass 11 is a single piece of tempered glass, the bracket 14 is connected to the vehicle window glass 11 and fixed to the surface of the vehicle window glass 11 on the side inside the vehicle. above; when the window glass 11 is laminated glass, the bracket 14 is fixed on the surface of the second transparent plate 114 on the side of the vehicle; it can be understood that in other possible It affects that the sensor 12 is set corresponding to the functional area 111 , and the sensor 12 is installed on the support 14 , and the present application does not limit the arrangement of the support 14 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heating area provided in an implementation manner of the present application.
  • the linear heating element 131 includes a connected first part 1311 and a second part 1312, the first part 1311 is used for electrical connection with a power supply, the second part 1312 falls into the signal transmission window 1111, the
  • the linear heating element 131 also includes a connected third part 1313 and a fourth part 1314, the third part 1313 is used for electrical connection with the power supply, and the fourth part 1314 surrounds at least one part of the signal transmission window 1111 Part of the periphery, the total length ratio of the fourth portion 1314 to the second portion 1312 ranges from 0.3 to 2.5.
  • the heating power of the part of the linear heating element 131 passing through the signal transmission window 1111 can be adjusted. , so that the arrangement shape and path of the linear heating elements 131 can be better designed to meet the requirements of different vehicle voltages, heating power of different sensors, and the like.
  • the total length of the first portion 1311 and the third portion 1313 is relatively short and can be ignored.
  • the ratio of the total length of the fourth part 1314 to the second part 1312 ranges from 0.3 to 2.5, so that the heating power distribution of the linear heating element 131 is more appropriate.
  • the total length of the first part 1311 and the third part 1313 is longer, then the total length of the first part 1311 and the second part 1312 can be adjusted
  • the ratio to the total length of the third portion 1313 and the fourth portion 1314 can further adjust the heating power distribution of the linear heating element 131 .
  • the number of the signal transmission windows 1111 is two.
  • the linear heating element 131 not pierced through the signal transmission window 1111 is disposed on the upper edge of the signal transmission window 1111 to heat the upper edge of the signal transmission window 1111 .
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the heating area provided by another embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the heating area provided by another embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a heating area provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of the signal transmission windows 1111 is three. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6 , the middle signal transmission window 1111 is passed back and forth by the linear heating element 131 , and the left signal transmission window 1111 is not passed back and forth by the linear heating element 131 And the surrounding edges are not surrounded by the linear heating element 131, the upper edge of the right signal transmission window 1111 is surrounded by the linear heating element 131, and the linear heating element 131 is used to heat the middle signal transmission window 1111 The overall area and the right side of the signal pass through the upper edge area of the window 1111 .
  • the middle signal transmission window 1111 is passed back and forth by the linear heating element 131 , and the left signal transmission window 1111 is not passed back and forth by the linear heating element 131 And the surrounding edges are not surrounded by the linear heating element 131, and the upper edge, lower edge, and right edge of the right signal transmission window 1111 are all surrounded by the linear heating element 131, and the linear heating element 131 is used for The entire area of the middle signal transmission window 1111 and the corresponding three peripheral areas of the right signal transmission window 1111 are heated.
  • the middle signal transmission window 1111 is passed back and forth by the linear heating element 131, and the upper edge, lower edge, and left edge of the left signal transmission window 1111 are all passed by the wire heating element 131.
  • the upper edge, lower edge, and right edge of the signal transmission window 1111 on the right side are surrounded by the linear heating element 131, and the linear heating element 131 is used to heat the middle signal transmission window 1111.
  • the overall area and the signals on both sides pass through the corresponding three peripheral areas of the window 1111 .
  • the number of the signal transmission windows 1111 may also be other numbers, and the heating elements 13 may also be arranged in other manners, which are not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 2 includes the vehicle window assembly 1 and the vehicle frame 21 as mentioned above, and the vehicle window assembly 1 is installed on the vehicle frame 21 .
  • the vehicle window assembly 1 please refer to the above description, and details will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

一种车窗总成及车辆，车窗总成（1）包括车窗玻璃（11）、至少两个传感器（12）及加热件（13），车窗玻璃（11）包括功能区（111），功能区（111）内具有至少两个间隔设置的信号透过窗口（1111），至少两个传感器（12）安装在车窗玻璃（11）的内侧，每个传感器（12）与每个信号透过窗口（1111）的位置一一对应，加热件（13）包括至少一根线状加热元件（131），至少一根线状加热元件（131）多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口（1111），至少另一个信号透过窗口（1111）中没有线状加热元件（131）延伸穿过，通过加热件（13）的排布设计，使得加热件（13）对其中一个信号透过窗口（1111）进行加热，且对其余信号透过窗口（1111）的周边区域进行加热，同时对多个信号透过窗口（1111）进行加热，在加速除雾、霜效果的同时，具有较好加热区域的布置。

Description

车窗总成及车辆
本申请要求于2021年09月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111108266.4、申请名称为“车窗总成及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆零配件技术领域，尤其是涉及一种车窗总成及车辆。
背景技术
车辆已经成为人们日常生活中重要的代步工具之一。目前，在前车窗玻璃及后车窗玻璃上集成有传感器，用于为驾驶员提供更多辅助，从而帮助驾驶员进行驾驶。
当遇到雨、雪、霜等恶劣天气时，车窗玻璃可能出现起雾、霜等状况，影响了画面获取，从而无法帮助驾驶员进行驾驶。在现有技术中，通过导电线对车窗玻璃上的传感器窗口进行加热从而除雾、霜，但目前集成于车窗玻璃上的传感器越来越多，现有技术无法满足对多个传感器窗口区域进行加热的设计要求，且加热区域的布置较差。
发明内容
本申请公开了一种车窗总成，能够解决对多个传感器窗口区域进行加热的设计要求以及加热区域的布置较差的技术问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种车窗总成，所述车窗总成包括车窗玻璃、至少两个传感器及加热件，所述车窗玻璃包括功能区，所述功能区内具有至少两个间隔设置的信号透过窗口，所述至少两个传感器安装在所述车窗玻璃的内侧，每个传感器与每个信号透过窗口的位置一一对应，所述加热件包括至少一根线状加热元件，所述至少一根线状加热元件多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口，至少另一个信号透过窗口中没有线状加热元件延伸穿过。
通过所述加热件的排布设计，使得所述加热件对其中一个所述信号透过窗口进行加热，且对其余所述信号透过窗口的周边区域进行加热，从而实现同时对多个所述信号透过窗口进行加热，在加速除雾、除霜效果的同时，具有较好的加热区域的布置。
可选的，所述线状加热元件为金属导线、印刷银浆线或碳纤维导线。
可选的，所述车窗玻璃为单片钢化玻璃，所述加热件固定在所述车窗玻璃和所述传感器之间。
可选的，所述车窗玻璃包括第一透明板、热塑性中间层及第二透明板，所述热塑性中间层粘结在所述第一透明板和所述第二透明板之间，所述加热件固定在所述第一透明板和所述传感器之间。
可选的，所述至少一根线状加热元件沿直线路径、弧形路径、正弦曲线路径、矩形波波形路径多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口。
可选的，没有线状加热元件延伸穿过的至少一个信号透过窗口的至少部分周缘被至少一根线状加热元件环绕。
可选的，所述传感器选自可见光相机、红外线相机、激光雷达、雨水传感器、触摸传感器中的至少一个。
可选的，所述车窗总成还包括支架，所述支架对应所述功能区设置，所述传感器安装于所述支架上。
可选的，所述线状加热元件包括相连的第一部分及第二部分，所述第一部分用于与电源电连接，所述第二部分落入所述信号透过窗口内，所述线状加热元件还包括相连的第三部分及第四部分，所述第三部分用于与电源电连接，所述第四部分围设于所述信号透过窗口的至少部分周缘，所述第四部分与所述第二部分的总长度比值范围为0.3-2.5。
可选的，所述第四部分围设于至少一个所述信号透过窗口的至少三个周缘。
可选的，当所述线状加热元件为金属导线时，所述线状加热元件是铜线、钨线、铝线或铜合金线中的任意一种或多种，且所述线状加热元件的直径范围为0.01mm-0.5mm；当所述线状加热元件为印刷银浆线时，所述线状加热元件的印刷线宽范围为0.1mm-1.0mm，且所述线状加热元件的印刷厚度为3μm-20μm；当所述线状加热元件为碳纤维导线时，所述线状加热元件的直径范围为0.01mm-0.5mm。
可选的，所述信号透过窗口的数量为三个。
可选的，所述功能区内具有左侧信号透过窗口、中间信号透过窗口和右侧信号透过窗口，中间信号透过窗口被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口未被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过且四周边缘未被所述线状加热元件围绕，右侧信号透过窗口的上边缘被所述线状加热元件围绕。
可选的，所述功能区内具有左侧信号透过窗口、中间信号透过窗口和右侧信号透过窗口，中间信号透过窗口被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口未被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过且四周边缘未被所述线状加热元件围绕，右侧信号透过窗口的上边缘、下边缘、右边缘均被所述线状加热元件围绕。
可选的，所述功能区内具有左侧信号透过窗口、中间信号透过窗口和右侧信号透过窗口，中间信号透过窗口被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口的上边缘、下边缘、左边缘均被所述线状加热元件围绕，右侧信号透过窗口的上边缘、下边缘、右边缘均被所述线状加热元件围绕。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种车辆，所述车辆包括如第一方面所述的车窗总成及车架，所述车窗总成安装于所述车架。
附图说明
为了更清楚的说明本申请实施方式中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍，显而易见的，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施方式提供的车窗总成俯视示意图。
图2为图1中沿I-I线的局部剖视示意图。
图3为本申请一实施方式提供的车窗玻璃局部剖视示意图。
图4为本申请另一实施方式提供的车窗玻璃局部剖视示意图。
图5为本申请一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图。
图6为本申请另一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图。
图7为本申请另一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图。
图8为本申请另一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图。
图9为本申请一实施方式提供的车辆俯视示意图。
标号说明：车窗总成-1、车窗玻璃-11、功能区-111、信号透过窗口-1111、第一透明板-112、 热塑性中间层-113、第二透明板-114、热塑性聚酯-115、传感器-12、加热件-13、线状加热元件-131、第一部分-1311、第二部分-1312、第三部分-1313、第四部分-1314、支架-14、车辆-2、车架-21。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图，对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施方式仅是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本申请中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请提供了一种车窗总成1，请一并参阅图1及图2，图1为本申请一实施方式提供的车窗总成俯视示意图；图2为图1中沿I-I线的局部剖视示意图。所述车窗总成1包括车窗玻璃11、至少两个传感器12及加热件13，所述车窗玻璃11包括功能区111，所述功能区111内具有至少两个间隔设置的信号透过窗口1111，所述至少两个传感器12安装在所述车窗玻璃11的内侧，每个传感器12与每个信号透过窗口1111的位置一一对应，所述加热件13包括至少一根线状加热元件131，所述至少一根线状加热元件131多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口1111，至少另一个信号透过窗口1111中没有线状加热元件131延伸穿过。
需要说明的是，为了更好的观察所述传感器12及所述加热件13在所述车窗玻璃11下的分布情况，所述传感器12及所述加热件13透视显示于图1中。在本实施方式中，所述传感器12至少包括图像传感器12，其能够获取透过所述信号透过窗口1111的所述车窗玻璃11前方的图像。在本实施方式中，所述信号透过窗口1111为梯形，在其他可能的实施方式中，所述信号透过窗口1111还可以是其他形状，例如矩形、三角形、圆形等，本申请对此不加以限制。
可以理解的，在雨、雪、霜等恶劣天气下，所述车窗玻璃11较容易起雾、霜，导致所述传感器12无法清晰的获取前方的视野。对所述车窗玻璃11进行加热，可以实现加速除雾、霜的效果，从而使得所述传感器12获取前方清晰的视野。
需要说明的是，所述加热件13为电阻加热元件，电流经过所述加热件13时，所述加热件13将产生一定的热量，由于车载电压基本恒定，所以所述加热件13产生热量的大小一般与所述加热件13的电阻值负相关。同时，考虑到所述加热件13的至少部分会穿过信号透过窗口1111，为了减少所述加热件13对所述传感器12获取图像的干扰，通常选择尺寸尽可能小的所述加热件13。也就是说，在本实施方式中，所述加热件13具有合适的电阻值，既保证在对所述加热件13通电时，所述加热件13能够产生一定的热量对所述车窗玻璃11进行加热，又避免所述加热件13干扰所述传感器12获取图像。
在本实施方式中，所述线状加热元件131的一端接入电源的正极，所述线状加热元件131的另一端接入电源的负极，以使得电流流过所述线状加热元件131。所述至少一根线状加热元件131多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口1111，以对所述车窗玻璃11上对应的所述信号透过窗口1111进行加热。至少另一个所述信号透过窗口1111中没有所述线状加热元件131延伸穿过，从而在满足特定信号透过窗口的除霜除雾需求的同时，实现线状加热元件131的更加合理布置。
可以理解的，在本实施方式中，通过所述加热件13的排布设计，使得所述线状加热元件131对其中一个所述信号透过窗口1111的整体区域进行加热，且对其余的至少一个所述信号透过窗口1111的周边区域进行加热，从而实现同时对多个所述信号透过窗口1111进行区别 加热，在加速除雾、除霜效果的同时，具有较好的加热区域的布置。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述线状加热元件131为金属导线、印刷银浆线或碳纤维导线。
具体的，当所述线状加热元件131为金属导线时，所述线状加热元件131可以是铜线、钨线、铝线或铜合金线中的任意一种或多种，且所述线状加热元件131的直径范围为0.01mm-0.5mm。优选的，所述线状加热元件131的直径范围还可以为0.1mm-0.4mm，具体的，所述线状加热元件131的直径还可以是0.17mm、0.23mm、0.31mm、0.39mm等，本申请对此不加以限制。
当所述线状加热元件131为印刷银浆线时，所述线状加热元件131的印刷线宽范围为0.1mm-1.0mm，且所述线状加热元件131的刷涂厚度为3μm-20μm。
当所述线状加热元件131为碳纤维导线时，所述线状加热元件131的直径范围为0.01mm-0.5mm。优选的，所述线状加热元件131的直径范围还可以为0.1mm-0.4mm，具体的，所述线状加热元件131的直径还可以是0.14mm、0.21mm、0.27mm、0.34mm等，本申请对此不加以限制。
需要说明的是，当所述线状加热元件131不同时，其在所述车窗总成1中设置的位置也可以是不同的。接下来，将对所述线状加热元件131在所述车窗总成1中的设置位置举例进行说明。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图2，所述车窗玻璃11为单片钢化玻璃，例如用作汽车后挡风玻璃，所述加热件13固定在所述车窗玻璃11的位于车内一侧的表面上，所述传感器12固定在车内且朝向所述加热件13，所述加热件13位于所述车窗玻璃11和所述传感器12之间。
可以理解的，由于所述加热件13设置于所述车窗玻璃11和所述传感器12之间，需要较小直径的所述加热件13，从而避免影响所述传感器12通过所述信号透过窗口1111获取外界环境信息。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请一并参阅图3，图3为本申请一实施方式提供的车窗玻璃局部剖视示意图。所述车窗玻璃11包括第一透明板112、热塑性中间层113及第二透明板114，所述热塑性中间层113粘结在所述第一透明板112和所述第二透明板114之间，所述加热件13固定在所述第一透明板112和所述传感器12之间。
具体的，所述车窗玻璃11为夹层玻璃，在本实施方式中，所述第一透明板112作为所述车窗玻璃11的外玻璃板，所述第二透明板114作为所述车窗玻璃11的内玻璃板，所述热塑性中间层113的材料可以选用透明的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚丙烯酸酯(PA)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、离子性中间层(SGP)或聚氨酯(PU)等中的至少一种，避免阻碍所述传感器12通过所述第一透明板112获取外界环境信息。
具体的，所述加热件13可以设置在所述第一透明板112的靠近所述热塑性中间层113的表面上，或设置在所述第一透明板112和所述热塑性中间层113之间，或设置在所述热塑性中间层113的至少一个表面上，或设置在所述热塑性中间层113和所述第二透明板114之间，或设置在所述第二透明板114的至少一个表面上。
在图3中，所述加热件13可以直接布置在所述热塑性中间层113的靠近所述第二透明板114的表面上，通过加热和/或有机物溶解等方式可以使所述加热件13至少部分被所述热塑性中间层113包覆；在图4中，所述加热件13设置在所述第二透明板114的远离所述热塑性中间层113的表面上，通过印刷或粘结等方式使所述加热件13固定在所述第二透明板114上。
可以理解的，在其他可能的实施方式中，如图4所示，所述加热件13还可以设置于热塑性聚酯115(PET)的表面，布置有所述加热件13的PET可以夹设在所述第一透明板112和所述第二透明板114之间，也可以粘结在所述第二透明板114的远离所述热塑性中间层113的表面上。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图1，所述至少一根线状加热元件131沿直线路径、弧形路径、正弦曲线路径、矩形波波形路径多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口1111。
在本实施方式中，结合图1及图2可以得出，所述传感器12的数量为2个，所述线状加热元件131来回往复地穿设于其中一个所述信号透过窗口1111，且所述线状加热元件131还绕过另一个所述信号透过窗口1111，以实现所述线状加热元件131在对其中一个所述信号透过窗口1111的整体区域进行加热的同时还对另一个所述信号透过窗口1111的周边区域进行加热。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图1，没有线状加热元件131延伸穿过的至少一个信号透过窗口1111的至少部分周缘被至少一根线状加热元件131环绕。
具体的，在本实施方式中，没有线状加热元件131延伸穿过的至少一个信号透过窗口1111的至少部分周缘，被至少一根线状加热元件131环绕，从而对所述信号透过窗口1111对应的所述车窗玻璃11的周边区域进行加热，实现同时对多个所述信号透过窗口1111进行区别加热，在加速除雾、除霜效果的同时，具有较好的加热区域的布置。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述传感器12选自可见光相机、红外线相机、激光雷达、雨水传感器、触摸传感器中的至少一个。
具体的，所述可见光相机可以通过所述信号透过窗口1111获取画面，并通过车载显示屏等设备提供给驾驶员；所述红外线相机可以通过所述信号透过窗口1111识别生物，或者在夜间获取画面；所述激光雷达可以通过所述信号透过窗口1111获取与障碍物或待测物体之间的距离；所述雨水传感器可以通过所述信号透过窗口1111识别是否有雨水遮挡驾驶员视线；所述触摸传感器可以通过所述信号透过窗口1111识别触摸操作，从而提供便捷操作的用户体验。
可以理解的，在其他可能的实施方式中，所述传感器12还可以是其他类型的，本申请对此不加以限制。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图1。所述车窗总成1还包括支架14，所述支架14对应所述功能区111设置，所述传感器12安装于所述支架14上。
在本实施方式中，当所述车窗玻璃11为单片钢化玻璃时，所述支架14与所述车窗玻璃11相连接，并固定于所述车窗玻璃11位于车内一侧的表面上；当所述车窗玻璃11为夹层玻璃时，所述支架14固定于所述第二透明板114位于车内一侧的表面上；可以理解的，在其他可能的实施方式中，只要不影响所述传感器12对应所述功能区111设置，所述传感器12安装于所述支架14上，本申请对所述支架14的设置方式不加以限制。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请一并参阅图5，图5为本申请一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图。所述线状加热元件131包括相连的第一部分1311及第二部分1312，所述第一部分1311用于与电源电连接，所述第二部分1312落入所述信号透过窗口1111内，所述线状加热元件131还包括相连的第三部分1313及第四部分1314，所述第三部分1313用于与电源电连接，所述第四部分1314围设于所述信号透过窗口1111的至少部分周缘，所述第四部分1314与所述第二部分1312的总长度比值范围为0.3-2.5。
具体的，通过调整所述第四部分1314的总长度与所述第二部分1312的总长度的比值，可以调整所述线状加热元件131穿过所述信号透过窗口1111的部分的加热功率，从而能够更 好地设计所述线状加热元件131的排布形状和路径，满足不同车载电压、不同传感器的加热功率等的需求。
可以理解的，在本实施方式中，所述第一部分1311及所述第三部分1313的总长度较短，可以忽略不计。所述第四部分1314与所述第二部分1312的总长度比值范围为0.3-2.5，以使得所述线状加热元件131的加热功率分配较为合适。
需要说明的是，在其他可能的实施方式中，所述第一部分1311及所述第三部分1313的总长度较长，那么可以通过调整所述第一部分1311和所述第二部分1312的总长度与所述第三部分1313和所述第四部分1314的总长度的比值，进而调整所述线状加热元件131的加热功率分配。
在本实施方式中，所述信号透过窗口1111的数量为两个。未穿设于所述信号透过窗口1111的所述线状加热元件131，设置于所述信号透过窗口1111的上边缘，对所述信号透过窗口1111的上边缘部分加热。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请一并参阅图6-图8，图6为本申请另一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图；图7为本申请另一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图；图8为本申请另一实施方式提供的加热区域示意图。
在本实施方式中，所述信号透过窗口1111的数量为三个。具体的，如图6所示，中间信号透过窗口1111被所述线状加热元件131来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口1111未被所述线状加热元件131来回往复地穿过且四周边缘未被所述线状加热元件131围绕，右侧信号透过窗口1111的上边缘被所述线状加热元件131围绕，所述线状加热元件131用于加热中间信号透过窗口1111的整体区域和右侧信号透过窗口1111的上边缘区域。
具体的，如图7所示，中间信号透过窗口1111被所述线状加热元件131来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口1111未被所述线状加热元件131来回往复地穿过且四周边缘未被所述线状加热元件131围绕，右侧信号透过窗口1111的上边缘、下边缘、右边缘均被所述线状加热元件131围绕，所述线状加热元件131用于加热中间信号透过窗口1111的整体区域和右侧信号透过窗口1111的对应的三个周缘区域。
具体的，如图8所示，中间信号透过窗口1111被所述线状加热元件131来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口1111的上边缘、下边缘、左边缘均被所述线状加热元件131围绕，右侧信号透过窗口1111的上边缘、下边缘、右边缘均被所述线状加热元件131围绕，所述线状加热元件131用于加热中间信号透过窗口1111的整体区域和两侧信号透过窗口1111的对应的三个周缘区域。
可以理解的，在其他可能的实施方式中，所述信号透过窗口1111还可以是其他数量，所述加热件13也可以是其他排布方式，本申请对此不加以限制。
本申请还提供了一种车辆2，请一并参阅图9，图9为本申请一实施方式提供的车辆俯视示意图。所述车辆2包括如上文所述的车窗总成1及车架21，所述车窗总成1安装于所述车架21。具体的，所述车窗总成1请参阅上文描述，在此不再赘述。
本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施方式的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种车窗总成，其特征在于，所述车窗总成包括车窗玻璃、加热件及至少两个传感器，所述车窗玻璃包括功能区，所述功能区内具有至少两个间隔设置的信号透过窗口，所述至少两个传感器安装在所述车窗玻璃的内侧，每个传感器与每个信号透过窗口的位置一一对应，所述加热件包括至少一根线状加热元件，所述至少一根线状加热元件多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口，至少另一个信号透过窗口中没有线状加热元件延伸穿过。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述线状加热元件为金属导线、印刷银浆线或碳纤维导线。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述车窗玻璃为单片钢化玻璃，所述加热件固定在所述车窗玻璃和所述传感器之间。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述车窗玻璃包括第一透明板、热塑性中间层及第二透明板，所述热塑性中间层粘结在所述第一透明板和所述第二透明板之间，所述加热件固定在所述第一透明板和所述传感器之间。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述至少一根线状加热元件沿直线路径、弧形路径、正弦曲线路径、矩形波波形路径多次延伸穿过其中至少一个信号透过窗口。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，没有线状加热元件延伸穿过的至少一个信号透过窗口的至少部分周缘被至少一根线状加热元件环绕。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述传感器选自可见光相机、红外线相机、激光雷达、雨水传感器、触摸传感器中的至少一个。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述车窗总成还包括支架，所述支架对应所述功能区设置，所述传感器安装于所述支架上。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述线状加热元件包括相连的第一部分及第二部分，所述第一部分用于与电源电连接，所述第二部分落入其中一个所述信号透过窗口内，所述线状加热元件还包括相连的第三部分及第四部分，所述第三部分用于与电源电连接，所述第四部分围设于另一个所述信号透过窗口的至少部分周缘，所述第四部分与所述第二部分的总长度比值范围为0.3-2.5。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述第四部分围设于至少另一个所述信号透过窗口的至少三个周缘。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，当所述线状加热元件为金属导线时，所述线状加热元件是铜线、钨线、铝线或铜合金线中的任意一种或多种，且所述线状加热元件的直径范围为0.01mm-0.5mm；当所述线状加热元件为印刷银浆线时，所述线状加热元件的 印刷线宽范围为0.1mm-1.0mm，且所述线状加热元件的印刷厚度为3μm-20μm；当所述线状加热元件为碳纤维导线时，所述线状加热元件的直径范围为0.01mm-0.5mm。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述信号透过窗口的数量为三个。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述功能区内具有左侧信号透过窗口、中间信号透过窗口和右侧信号透过窗口，中间信号透过窗口被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口未被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过且四周边缘未被所述线状加热元件围绕，右侧信号透过窗口的上边缘被所述线状加热元件围绕。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述功能区内具有左侧信号透过窗口、中间信号透过窗口和右侧信号透过窗口，中间信号透过窗口被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口未被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过且四周边缘未被所述线状加热元件围绕，右侧信号透过窗口的上边缘、下边缘、右边缘均被所述线状加热元件围绕。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的车窗总成，其特征在于，所述功能区内具有左侧信号透过窗口、中间信号透过窗口和右侧信号透过窗口，中间信号透过窗口被所述线状加热元件来回往复地穿过，左侧信号透过窗口的上边缘、下边缘、左边缘均被所述线状加热元件围绕，右侧信号透过窗口的上边缘、下边缘、右边缘均被所述线状加热元件围绕。
  16. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括如权利要求1-15任意一项所述的车窗总成及车架，所述车窗总成安装于所述车架。
PCT/CN2022/120431 2021-09-22 2022-09-22 车窗总成及车辆 WO2023045999A1 (zh)

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