WO2023044970A1 - Engrais organique écologique et procédé de préparation associé, insecticide sans pollution et procédé de préparation associé, et procédé de plantation de momordica grosvenori sans pollution - Google Patents

Engrais organique écologique et procédé de préparation associé, insecticide sans pollution et procédé de préparation associé, et procédé de plantation de momordica grosvenori sans pollution Download PDF

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WO2023044970A1
WO2023044970A1 PCT/CN2021/122929 CN2021122929W WO2023044970A1 WO 2023044970 A1 WO2023044970 A1 WO 2023044970A1 CN 2021122929 W CN2021122929 W CN 2021122929W WO 2023044970 A1 WO2023044970 A1 WO 2023044970A1
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pollution
parts
preparation
free
organic fertilizer
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PCT/CN2021/122929
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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张宝堂
张建
廖娜
张冰清
谭家忠
范斌
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湖南绿蔓生物科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023044970A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023044970A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/26—Meliaceae [Chinaberry or Mahogany family], e.g. mahogany, langsat or neem
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
    • A01N65/385—Tobacco
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to plant planting, in particular to an ecological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, a pollution-free insecticide and a preparation method thereof, and a method for planting pollution-free Luo Han Guo.
  • Luo Han Guo is a plant belonging to the genus Luo Han Guo in the family Cucurbitaceae. In order to increase the yield during the cultivation of Luo Han Guo, a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are required.
  • the chemical fertilizers used in the cultivation of Luo Han Guo are generally chemical fertilizers. The use of chemical fertilizers is likely to cause soil acidification and compaction, which is not conducive to land reuse, thus greatly affecting the harvest of Luo Han Guo in the next season.
  • the pesticides in the cultivation of Luo Han Guo are generally chemical pesticides. Although chemical pesticides are effective in preventing and controlling pests and diseases, pesticides are easy to remain and endanger human health.
  • the patent document with the publication number CN105996039A discloses that "the grosvenor fruit pomace, crop straw and chicken manure are mixed into a pile of 80-120 centimeters high, The weight ratio of Momordica grosvenori pomace, crop straw and chicken manure is 100:50-60:15-25.
  • Spray EM bacteria agent when stacking the pile, and sprinkle a layer of 1-2 cm thick diatomaceous earth on the outer layer of the pile , and then cover the film, control the fermentation temperature to 60-70°C, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio to be ⁇ 20.
  • Ciphera oleifera dogtail grass, Guanzhong, aloe vera, neem bark, Betel nut, Toosendan, Cnidium, Tripterygium wilfordii, tobacco, Sophora flavescens, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Hemp willow leaf, Shijunzi, Baibu, Agrimony, Rhizoma chinensis, Capsicum 7.
  • the preparation method includes the following steps: 1) soaking medicine; 2) decoct the concoction; 3) mix and preserve", and disclose the preparation method: "1) take 10-18 parts of pepper, 8-15 parts of aloe, and 8-14 parts of willow leaves, put them in the medicine In the pot, soak in clean cold water, add enough water to submerge the medicinal surface by 2cm, soak for 30min; 2) decoct the soaked material in step 1) for 20min, and filter out the medicinal juice; 3) Take 4 parts of foxtail grass Put 15 parts, 6-16 parts of Guanzhong, 10-20 parts of Agrimony, 13-18 parts of Rhizoma chinensis, 5-15 parts of Tripterygium wilfordii, 9-12 parts of Toosendan in the medicine pot, add Clean cold water until the medicine surface is submerged by 3cm, boil with strong fire, then decoct with slow fire for 40 minutes, and filter out the medicine juice; 4) Take 7-20 parts of Cnidium Fructus and 5-15 parts of Zan
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof, pollution-free insecticide and its preparation method and the planting method of pollution-free Luo Han Guo, this ecological organic fertilizer can not only provide fertility to crops, but also can maintain soil simultaneously;
  • the pollution-free pesticide can not only have the effect of killing insects and repelling insects, but also has no harmful substance residue in the crops;
  • the application of the ecological organic fertilizer and the pollution-free pesticide to the planting method of Luo Han Guo makes the planting method No pollution; at the same time, the preparation method of the ecological organic fertilizer and the pollution-free insecticide has the advantages of simple and easy-to-obtain raw materials, simple steps and low cost.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing an ecological organic fertilizer, the preparation method comprising: fermenting and decomposing Luo Han Guo extract residue, sweet tea extract residue, plant straw, animal manure, and rice washing water; wherein, the The weight ratios of Luo Han Guo extract slag, sweet tea extract residue, plant stalks, animal manure, and rice washing water are (10-15): (10-20): (20-35): (40-60): (15 -25).
  • the present invention also provides an ecological organic fertilizer, which is prepared by the above preparation method.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of a pollution-free insecticide, the preparation method comprising: crushing the Chinese herbal medicine, then boiling the Chinese herbal medicine and water, and then filtering to obtain the filtrate; in parts by weight, the Chinese herbal medicine Contains 10-30 parts of tobacco, 5-10 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 20-50 parts of Toosendan, 10-30 parts of dried citrus peel, and 10-30 parts of Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum; the ratio of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicine to the weight of water is 1: (8-15).
  • the present invention further provides a pollution-free insecticide prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.
  • the present invention further provides a planting method of pollution-free Luo Han Guo, the improved planting method comprises:
  • Step 1 Site selection and site preparation
  • Step 2 Transplanting the seedlings, wherein the above-mentioned ecological organic fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer;
  • Step 3 Vine finishing
  • Step 4 Field management, wherein, regularly spray the above-mentioned pollution-free insecticide on the leaves;
  • Step Five Pollination.
  • the present invention uses Luo Han Guo extract slag, sweet tea extract residue, plant straw, animal manure, and rice washing water as raw materials to directly ferment and decompose the ecological organic fertilizer, and no other fertilizers are used in the preparation process.
  • the sweet tea extract residue refers to the residue after extracting active ingredients from sweet tea leaves.
  • rice washing water contains protein, starch, vitamins, trace elements such as iron, copper, etc.
  • elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium can be produced to provide nutrition for plants; animal manure contains a large amount of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
  • Potassium and microorganisms when using microorganisms under anaerobic conditions, rice washing water, Luo Han Guo dregs, sweet tea dregs, and manure are deeply fermented to generate organic fertilizers rich in nutrients.
  • the straw is rich in cellulose, which can act as a loose fertilizer , to provide the role of cellulose.
  • organic fertilizer can also produce various phenols, vitamins, enzymes, auxins and hormone-like substances during the fermentation process, which can promote the growth of crops.
  • Organic fertilizers are rich in nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-dissolving factors, and potassium-dissolving factors. Repeated use can not only improve the soil and promote the growth of crops; it can also enhance the ability of crops to resist diseases, increase crop yields, and improve crop quality.
  • Chinese herbal medicines including tobacco, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Toosendan, dried citrus peel and Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum can be directly obtained after decocting five kinds of Chinese herbal medicines.
  • alkaloids in tobacco such as nicotine, anatabine, Nicotine and pseudobasine have good insecticidal activity, and are substances with pesticide activity in tobacco essential oil
  • Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a plant of the Rutaceae Zanthoxylum, mainly containing volatile oil, alkaloids, amides, lignans, fatty acids, etc.
  • Active ingredient has poisonous effect to insect, is a kind of good plant insecticide;
  • the main ingredient contained in Toosendan contains volatile oils, phenolic acids and neem alkane type triterpenoids, and main active ingredient toosendanin has Certain insect antifeedant activity, can repel roundworm and kill insects; citrus peel contains limonin analogues such as limonin, nomilin, and obaconone, which have certain antifeedant effect on insects; Annual or perennial herb containing phenol, p-cresol, linalool, p-allylbenzaldehyde, eugenol, ⁇ -phenoxybenzaldehyde and other insect-repelling ingredients.
  • the pollution-free insecticide can be obtained after decocting and filtering; compared with the existing preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine pesticide, the preparation method greatly simplifies the preparation steps, The preparation cycle is shortened, thereby greatly reducing the production cost and increasing the output.
  • the invention provides a method for preparing an ecological organic fertilizer.
  • the preparation method comprises: fermenting and decomposing Luo Han Guo extract residue, sweet tea extract residue, plant straw, animal manure, and rice washing water; wherein, the Luo Han Guo extract residue , sweet tea extract residue, plant stalks, animal excrement, and rice washing water have a weight ratio of (10-15): (10-20): (20-35): (40-60): (15-25).
  • the type of the animal manure is not specifically limited, but in order to further improve the fertilizer efficiency of the prepared ecological organic fertilizer, and further improve the conservation effect of the ecological organic fertilizer on the soil, preferably, the animal manure is selected from At least one of pig manure, chicken manure, duck manure, cow manure, sheep manure; more preferably, the animal manure is selected from chicken manure and pig manure, and the weight ratio of the chicken manure and pig manure is (20- 30): (20-30).
  • the type of the plant straw is not specifically limited, but in order to further improve the fertilizer efficiency of the prepared ecological organic fertilizer, and further improve the conservation effect of the ecological organic fertilizer on the soil, preferably, the plant straw is selected from At least one of wheat straw, barley straw, rice straw, cotton straw, corn straw, and sugarcane straw.
  • the length of the plant straw is not specifically limited, but in order to further improve the fertilizer efficiency of the prepared ecological organic fertilizer, and further improve the conservation effect of the ecological organic fertilizer on the soil, preferably, the average length of the plant straw The length is 1-5cm.
  • the conditions for the fermentation and decomposing are not specifically limited, but in order to further improve the fertilizer efficiency of the obtained ecological organic fertilizer, and further improve the conservation effect of the ecological organic fertilizer on the soil, preferably, the fermentation and decomposing at least meet the following requirements: The following conditions: stacking after mixing, and fermenting for 15-60 days after sealing; more preferably, the sealing is sealed with a film.
  • the present invention also provides an ecological organic fertilizer, which is prepared by the above preparation method.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a pollution-free insecticide, the preparation method comprising: crushing the Chinese herbal medicine, then boiling the Chinese herbal medicine and water, and then filtering to obtain the filtrate;
  • the Chinese herbal medicine contains 10-30 parts of tobacco, 5-10 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 20-50 parts of Toosendan, 10-30 parts of dried orange peel, and 10-30 parts of Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum; the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicine and The weight ratio of water is 1:(8-15).
  • the amount of each raw material is not specifically limited, but in order to further improve the insecticidal effect and environmental protection of the prepared pollution-free insecticide, preferably, in parts by weight, the Chinese herbal medicine contains tobacco 12- 18 parts, 5-8 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 32-38 parts of Toosendan, 20-24 parts of dried citrus peel, 20-24 parts of Chrysanthemum chrysanthemum; the ratio of the total weight of the Chinese herbal medicine to the weight of water is 1:(9-11 );
  • the particle size of the crushed Chinese herbal medicine is not specifically limited, but in order to further improve the insecticidal effect and environmental protection of the prepared pollution-free insecticide, preferably, the crushed
  • the average particle size of Chinese herbal medicine is 0.07-0.1cm.
  • the conditions for boiling are not specifically limited, but in order to further improve the insecticidal effect and environmental protection of the prepared pollution-free insecticide, preferably, the boiling at least meets the following conditions: boiling temperature The temperature is 100-150°C, and the cooking time is 1-2h.
  • the present invention further provides a pollution-free insecticide prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.
  • the present invention further provides a planting method of pollution-free Luo Han Guo, the improved planting method comprises:
  • Step 1 Site selection and site preparation
  • Step 2 Transplanting the seedlings, wherein the above-mentioned ecological organic fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer;
  • Step 3 Vine finishing
  • Step 4 Field management, wherein, regularly spray the above-mentioned pollution-free insecticide on the leaves;
  • Step Five Pollination.
  • the use method of the ecological organic fertilizer is not specifically limited, but in order to further ensure the effective fertility of Luo Han Guo, preferably, in step 2, the usage amount of the base fertilizer is 2-3kg/per planting pit, and plant seedlings after isolation of 2-5cm of covering soil on the basal fertilizer;
  • the method of using the pollution-free insecticide is not specifically limited, but in order to further ensure that the Luo Han Guo is free from pests, and at the same time avoid the existence of pesticide residues in the Luo Han Guo, preferably, in step 4, the pollution-free
  • the method of using the insecticide is as follows: dilute it with water 10-20 times, spray the leaves every 15-20 days, and spray 400-600mL per plant.
  • step 1 includes: selecting mountain streams or slopes with an altitude of 300-500m and unopened land For broad-leaved miscellaneous woodland, remove miscellaneous trees and weeds from August to October, plow over 30cm in depth, expose to the sun and weather for the winter; sprinkle 80-150kg of quicklime/mu, and plow and loosen the soil again from February to March of the next year; Equal-high furrows with a width of 1.50-2.0 meters and a height of 0.3-0.4 meters are surrounded by drainage ditches with a width of 0.30-0.35 meters and a depth of 0.35-0.4 meters.
  • step two includes: in April of the following year, select a healthy seedling with buds in good condition, many roots, and a robust Cutting monk fruit seedlings free from diseases and insect pests, set up a 1.6-2m high scaffolding row by row from the uphill, stretch the scaffolding into a rice-shaped grid with thin wires, and then cover it with a shading film; the digging size is 0.3-0.4m 2. Planting pits with a depth of 0.15-0.20 meters; the row spacing of the planting pits is 3.5-4.5 meters, and the plant spacing of each row is 2-2.5 meters; the ratio of female and male seedlings is 40-50:2.
  • step 3 includes: inserting 1.8-2m thin rods at a distance of 0.1m from the root of the seedlings, and the vines are 0.3-2m high. At 0.4m, guide the vines on the scaffold step by step, cut off the side buds before putting on the shed, and top the whole vine after the main vine is put on the shed.
  • step 4 of the above-mentioned planting method field management is not specifically limited, but in order to further ensure the yield and quality of Luo Han Guo, preferably, step 4 includes: when the vines grow to 1.1-1.3m, dig 8-12cm deep In the circular ditch, apply vine-promoting fertilizer and flower-promoting fertilizer into the ditch at a rate of 1.5-2.0 kg per plant and cover it with soil; use an insect trap lamp or an insect trap sticky board to hang under the shed, and manually weed every 15-45 days.
  • step 5 of the above planting method pollination is not specifically limited, but in order to further ensure the yield and quality of Luo Han Guo, preferably, step 5 includes: collecting male flowers that are not fully open at 5-7 in the morning, scraping pollen, and applying it on On the stigma of the female style.
  • the present invention does not specifically limit the forest land, but in order to increase the yield, preferably, the forest land soil in Step 1 at least meets the following requirements: yellow-red soil, not polluted by heavy metals and pesticides, thick soil layer, fertile, and surrounded by good impurities. Wood or secondary forest.
  • vine-promoting fertilizer and flower-promoting fertilizer are decomposed human and livestock manure, diluted 10 times before use.
  • each raw material and dosage are: 10 parts of Luo Han Guo extract residue, 8 parts of sweet tea extract residue, 20 parts of corn stalks, 20 parts of chicken manure, 20 parts of pig manure, tap water 15 servings.
  • each raw material and dosage are: 10 parts of Luo Han Guo extract slag, 30 parts of sweet tea extract residue, 10 parts of corn stalks, 40 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of pig manure, 15 parts rice water
  • Carry out according to the method of embodiment 4, do not use chrysanthemum chrysanthemum, other each raw material and consumption are: 15 parts of tobacco, 6 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 35 parts of toosendan, 22 parts of citrus peel, the ratio of the total weight of Chinese herbal medicine and the weight of water is 1 :10.
  • Carry out according to the method of embodiment 4, do not use chrysanthemum chrysanthemum, other raw materials and dosage are: 5 parts of tobacco, 15 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 60 parts of toosendan, 45 parts of citrus peel, 5 parts of chrysanthemum chrysanthemum, the total weight of Chinese herbal medicine and the weight of water The ratio is 1:10.
  • Site selection Choose the mountain streams at an altitude of 300-500 meters on the border between Xiangxi and Guizhou as the planting base.
  • the soil is yellow-red soil that has not been polluted by heavy metals and pesticides.
  • the soil layer is thick and fertile, and there are good miscellaneous trees and secondary forests around. Broad-leaved miscellaneous woodland, the planting area is 0.5 mu.
  • Soil preparation cut down trees from August to October, dig out all the stumps, bamboo stumps, tree roots, and grass roots, dig 35cm deep, expose to the sun, weather them for the winter, spread quicklime, and disinfect the soil to kill germs and bacteria in the soil. Insect pests, and at the same time can adjust the pH of the soil. From February to March of the following year, the loose soil was plowed again, and the equal-high furrow with a width of 1.50 meters and a height of 0.3-0.4 meters was dug, and drainage ditches with a width of 0.30-0.35 meters and a depth of 0.35-0.4 meters were laid around.
  • Seedling transplantation From April 10th to 15th of the following year, select cutting seedlings with intact buds, many roots, strong and no pests and diseases, and use Chinese fir with a height of about 1.6m as the scaffolding material, and row downhill from uphill
  • the scaffolding is drawn into a grid shape with thin iron wires, and then covered with shading film.
  • the planting pit is dug to a size of 0.3m 2 and a depth of 0.15m.
  • the spacing between rows is 3.5m, and the spacing between plants in each row is 2m.
  • the insecticidal effect is tested by the method of testing the inhibition rate of insect pests.
  • the test method of the inhibition rate of aphids, fruit flies, and stink bugs check the vines and leaves of Luo Han Guo before spraying and on the first, second, and third days after spraying.
  • 3 points are randomly designated in each area, and 3 plants are selected at each point.
  • the number of live aphids, fruit flies, and stink bugs on each point is taken, and the inhibition rate of aphids, fruit flies, and stink bugs is recorded and calculated. 12 days after spraying, check the number of aphids, fruit flies, and stink bugs in the above areas again, and confirm the recurrence status.
  • the test results are shown in Table 2.
  • the method for the determination of pesticide residues refers to the third method for the determination of pesticide residues in the fourth part of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 version 2341, and the content of cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin is determined.
  • the first heavy metal inspection method The test results are shown in Table 3.
  • Fruit size is classified according to the size of the fruit diameter. Those with a diameter greater than 5.3cm are large fruits, those with a diameter of 4.8-5.3cm are medium fruits, and those with a diameter of less than 4.8cm are small fruits. See Table 4 for statistical results.
  • the pollution-free insecticide and ecological organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can ensure that Luo Han Guo will not be affected by insect pests in the planting process, and can also provide sufficient fertility; more importantly, the ecological organic fertilizer can ensure soil There is no acidification, and there is no pesticide residue in Luo Han Guo.

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Abstract

Engrais organique écologique et procédé de préparation associé, insecticide sans pollution et procédé de préparation associé, et procédé de plantation de Momordica grosvenori sans pollution. Le procédé de préparation consiste : à fermenter et à décomposer un résidu d'extrait de Momordica grosvenori, un résidu d'extrait de Folium strigose hydrangea, de la paille végétale, des déchets d'animaux et de l'eau de lavage de riz, le rapport en poids du résidu d'extrait de Momordica grosvenori, du résidu d'extrait de Folium strigose hydrangea, de la paille végétale, des déchets d'animaux et de l'eau de lavage de riz étant (10-15):(10-20):(20-35):(40-60):(15-25). L'engrais organique écologique peut non seulement assurer la fertilité du sol en faveur des cultures, mais également entretenir le sol. L'insecticide non polluant peut non seulement présenter pour effet de tuer les insectes et de chasser les insectes, mais également de ne pas laisser de résidus de substances nocives dans les cultures. L'engrais organique écologique et l'insecticide sans pollution sont utilisés dans le procédé de plantation de Momordica grosvenori, de telle sorte que le procédé de plantation est non polluant. De plus, les procédés de préparation de l'engrais organique écologique et de l'insecticide sans pollution présentent les avantages de matières premières simples et facilement disponibles, d'étapes simples et de faible coût.
PCT/CN2021/122929 2021-09-25 2021-10-09 Engrais organique écologique et procédé de préparation associé, insecticide sans pollution et procédé de préparation associé, et procédé de plantation de momordica grosvenori sans pollution WO2023044970A1 (fr)

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