WO2023035417A1

WO2023035417A1 - Multipurpose shallow-draft straight-through deck ship form

Info

Publication number: WO2023035417A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/132721
Authority: WO
Inventors: 肖昌美
Original assignee: 肖昌美
Priority date: 2021-09-10
Filing date: 2021-11-24
Publication date: 2023-03-16
Also published as: CN113697031A; CN113697031B

Abstract

A multipurpose shallow-draft straight-through deck ship, comprising a bow door (1), a stern door (2), sealed compartments (3), a navigation bridge (6), propellers (7), and a hull (9). Three layers of decks are arranged one above another on the hull (9); the first-layer deck is a straight-through flat deck, the navigation bridge (6) is disposed on the first-layer deck, and water retaining walls are provided on the two sides; the second-layer deck is a cabin deck, and the space between the second-layer deck and the first-layer deck is provided with the sealed compartments (3); the third-layer deck is a cabin bottom, the space between the third-layer deck and the second-layer deck is provided with closed compartments (10), the closed compartments (10) are meshed square compartments enclosed by metal plates, and a ballast tank (14) is provided at the middle portion; the bow door (1) and the stern door (2) are respectively disposed at the front and rear ends of the hull (9); and the propellers (7) are arranged at the closed compartments (10) and located at the tail of the hull (9). The ship can implement a variety of transportations such as coastal transportation, river-sea direct-through transportation, and wartime civil ship refitting transportation, and satisfy the functions and requirements thereof.

Description

A multi-purpose shallow-draft through-deck ship type

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship equipment, in particular to a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship.

Background technique

Ships are tools for sea and river transportation, with the characteristics of large carrying capacity and economical price. According to different transportation needs, the types of ships used are also different. According to regional transportation needs such as river-sea direct transportation, mainland and island cross-strait transportation, seaport transportation, coastal transportation, etc., it can meet the mixed loading transportation of bulk cargo and containers, cross-strait loading transportation of passenger cars and trucks, direct river-sea transportation of iron ore, coal, etc. Wartime civilian ships are refitted to transport military equipment and other loading and transportation methods, and a new multi-purpose, shallow draft ship type with direct access to the deck is proposed to realize rapid, large-scale, and multi-type transportation across the strait, coastal transportation, direct river and sea transportation, and wartime civilian ship refitting Transportation and other functions and needs.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship, which includes a bow door, a stern door, a sealed compartment, a bridge, a propeller and a hull. : 1; three decks are arranged above and below the hull, the first deck is a straight-through flat deck, water retaining walls are set on both sides, the bow door and the stern door are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the hull; the pilot building is erected on the first deck; The deck is the cabin deck, and the space between the second deck and the first deck is a sealed compartment; the third deck is the bottom of the ship, and the space between the second deck and the first deck is an airtight compartment, and the propeller is arranged in the airtight compartment. and located at the stern of the hull, where,

The airtight cabin is a netted square cabin surrounded by metal plates. The airtight cabin is divided into two layers. The middle part of the upper airtight cabin is equipped with a ballast tank. Ballast water is passed through the ballast tank. The distribution specifications of the ballast tank meet :

a is the number of compartments used as ballast tanks in the left and right directions of the hull;

A is the number of airtight compartments in the left and right directions of the hull, and its value is an even number greater than 10;

α is a positive integer, and its value ranges from 0 to 7;

b is the number of compartments that serve as ballast tanks in the fore and aft direction of the hull;

B is the number of airtight compartments in the fore and aft direction of the hull, and its value is a positive integer greater than 21 that can be divisible by 3;

β is a positive integer, and its value ranges from 0 to 13.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, the specific values of α and β satisfy:

α=14d-7;

β=5.2l-2.6;

d is the width of a single compartment, and 0.5m≤d≤1m;

l is the length of a single compartment, and 0.5m≤l≤3m.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, if the calculated value of α and β after the decimal point is greater than 0, then the actual value of α and β is the digit before the decimal point plus 1.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, a main waterway is provided in the middle of the ballast tank, the main waterway is arranged along the length direction of the hull, and auxiliary waterways are opened on the metal plates on both sides of the main waterway, and the ballast on both sides of the auxiliary waterway and the main waterway The cabins are connected.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, two engine compartments are provided at the rear of the airtight compartment, and a fuel engine is arranged in each engine compartment, and the fuel engine is rotatably connected with the propeller. Trapezoidally distributed metal plates are provided, and the opening direction of the trapezoidally distributed metal plates points to the engine compartment.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, the uppermost deck is a straight-through flat deck, the uppermost deck is provided with a cabin door, the cabin door communicates with the sealed compartment, and the sealed compartment below the cabin door is provided with a cabin ramp, The cabin ramp is arranged obliquely in the sealed compartment.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, an inverted trapezoidal side tank is provided on the hull outside the sealed compartment, and a protective cabin with multiple spaces surrounded by metal plates is provided in the side tank.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, the sealed compartment is divided into multiple groups of spaces longitudinally by the metal plate, and a hatch cover is provided between the sealed compartment to communicate; goods.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, the hatch covers between adjacent sealed compartments are not located on the same straight line, and the hatch covers are located at the sides or in the middle of the sealed compartments.

As a further description of the present invention, preferably, the space where the sealed compartment is located at the stern door is a cargo hold, the space of the cargo hold is larger than that of other sealed compartments, and two hatch covers are provided on the cargo compartment and adjacent sealed compartments.

(3) Beneficial effects

The technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:

The present invention designs a structure similar to that of a barge, the bow is a drag-reducing streamline, and three decks are designed, and the navigation stability and shallow draft are realized through the discharge of ballast water in the ballast water tank, so that the hull can be directly berthed beach. Moreover, multiple small watertight compartments are designed to ensure that the ship can maintain buoyancy and stability without sinking even when it is attacked or stranded. Finally, various functions and requirements such as rapid cross-strait, large-volume, multi-type transportation, coastal transportation, river-sea direct transportation and wartime civilian ship refit transportation will be realized.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the left side view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the right side view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the back view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the bottom view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the sealed compartment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a hull structure diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of the airtight cabin of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a structural diagram of the protective cabin of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a diagram of the installation structure of the injection device of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a nozzle position diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the spraying device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Bow door; 2. Stern door; 3. Sealed compartment; 4. Compartment door; 5. Compartment ramp; 6. Pilot building; 7. Propeller; 8. Hatch cover; 9. Hull; 10 , tight compartment; 11, reinforced cabin; 12, engine compartment; 13, engine; 14, ballast tank; 15, main channel; 16, auxiliary channel; 17, cargo compartment; 18, side compartment; 19, protective compartment; 20 . Power unit; 21. Main water pipe; 22. Control valve; 23. Drain pipe; 24. Jet pipe; 25. Water inlet; 26. Water outlet; 27. Drive shaft;

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

A multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship type, combined with Fig. 1-Fig. 11, includes a bow door 1, a stern door 2, a sealed compartment 3, a bridge 6, a propeller 7 and a hull 9. The hull 9 is generally similar to a square barge and pole ship type , in order to realize autonomous navigation, navigation in high sea conditions, fast navigation and stable navigation, combined with existing transport ship types, its bow is drag-reducing and streamlined. The ship is generally arranged with three decks, the first deck is a straight-through flat deck, water retaining walls are set on both sides, and the bow and stern door bridges are set at the front and rear, that is, bow door 1 and stern door 2 respectively; the second deck is the cabin deck, and the third deck For the bilge of the ship. The cockpit and other navigation and communication equipment are placed in the pilot building 6. The pilot building 6 is a narrow building, and the width of the deck occupied by each side does not exceed 3 meters. The overall length of the ship is generally about 100-130 meters, and the width is about 30-50 meters. The width can be selected according to the bridge, waterway width, communication capacity and loading requirements of the future shipping area, and the molded depth is 3-5.5 meters. Left or right, you can choose according to your needs. The displacement is generally about 10,000 tons, and the loading capacity is about 5,000 tons. The sea state adaptability of the ship is 9-12.

1-11, the hull 9 is divided into three spaces by three decks, the upper space of the first deck is the outer space, which mainly loads transport containers, large passenger cars, trucks, etc., and the space between the first deck and the second deck is passed through The metal plate is divided into multiple compartments, and each compartment is a sealed compartment 3, which is mainly loaded and transported with bulk cargo, minibuses, iron ore, coal and other bulk cargoes and minibuses. And set up corresponding personnel rest cabins, repair cabins, cold chain warehouses and other special cabins, designed according to needs. The space between the second deck and the third deck is an airtight cabin 10, and the airtight cabin 10 is a netted square cabin surrounded by metal plates. The airtight cabin 10 is set to ensure that the ship suffers from mines, torpedoes and anti-ship missiles. Finally, it can also maintain buoyancy and stability without sinking, avoiding the problem that existing military ships or civilian ships use the large cabin straight-through design of power ships and the like, and sink quickly after being damaged.

1-11, the airtight cabin 10 in the middle of the hull 9 is a double-layer structure, and the distribution range of the double-layer airtight cabin 10 should be greater than half of the total space at the bottom of the hull 9, which can be used when the hull 9 is exploded by underwater torpedoes. When the product is impacted, even if the underwater part is broken, only the lowest compartment 10 is broken, and under the restriction of the metal plate, the scope of the break is reduced, so that the hull 9 will not seep too much water into the inner cabin, Then ensure that the hull 9 still has good buoyancy. And whole hull 9 is not provided with double-layer airtight cabin 10, avoids that hull 9 is too heavy and can not sail in shallows, can reduce production cost and construction difficulty simultaneously. The middle part of the airtight cabin 10 on the upper floor is provided with a main waterway 15, and the main waterway 15 is arranged along the length direction of the hull 9. The metal plates on both sides of the main waterway 15 are provided with an auxiliary waterway 16, and the auxiliary waterway 16 is specifically formed in the airtight cabin 10 metal plates The holes provided above, the auxiliary waterway 16 communicates with the airtight compartments 10 on both sides of the main waterway 15, and the part leading into the auxiliary waterway 16 is the ballast tank 14, and ballast water is passed into the main waterway 15, which can Ballast water is also passed through in the ballast tank 14 under the drainage. The main water channel 15 surrounded by plates and the auxiliary water channel 16 obtained by drilling can be set, so that the ballast water in the main water channel 15 can quickly flow into the ballast tank 14, so as to increase the displacement of the hull 9, and without additional loading of welded pipes, it can Reduce the processing difficulty of ship type. And the ballast tank 14 is arranged at the double-layer airtight compartment 10 places, when avoiding that the hull 9 is attacked on ocean voyages, the ballast tank 14 is also broken down and causes the displacement of the hull 9 to drop and affect the speed of the ship, and then it can ensure that the hull 9 is under attack. It can also move quickly when attacking.

Combined with Fig. 1-Fig. 11, the ballast tank 14 distribution specification meets:

a is the quantity of the airtight compartment 10 that becomes the ballast tank 14 in the left and right directions of the hull 9, that is, the number of rows;

A is the number of airtight compartments 10 in the left and right directions of the hull 9, and its value is an even number greater than 10;

α is a positive integer, and its value ranges from 0 to 7;

B is the quantity of the airtight compartment 10 that becomes the ballast tank 14 in the fore-and-aft direction of the hull 9, that is, the number of rows;

B is the quantity of the airtight compartment 10 of hull 9 forward and backward directions, and its value is a positive integer greater than 21 that can be divisible by 3;

β is a positive integer, and its value ranges from 0 to 13.

The ballast tank 14 is configured using the above calculation method. When sailing at sea, ballast water is loaded into the ballast tank 14 to increase the displacement of the hull 9, so that the sailing of the hull 9 is stable in the open sea, and the reasonable distribution range can be buffered to a large extent. The bubble pulse generated by the underwater explosion reduces the impact on the environment in the sealed compartment 3 . When berthed at wharf or beach, by discharging the ballast water in the ballast tank 14, realize shallow draft, its shallow draft can reach 1.5 meters, can directly berth against beach. In addition, by adding α and β, not only simply increase the number of distribution of ballast tanks 14, but mainly increase the environmental fault tolerance rate for the hull 9, so that the hull 9 can cope with a more complex environment than the budget environment, and improve the applicability of the hull 9.

Among them, the specific values of α and β satisfy:

α=14d-7;

β=5.2l-2.6;

d is the width of a single compartment 10, and 0.5m≤d≤1m;

l is the length of a single compartment 10, and 0.5m≤l≤3m.

If the value after the decimal point calculated by α and β is greater than 0, then the actual value of α and β is the digit before the decimal point plus 1.

By providing the values of α and β, different airtight compartments 10 can be configured according to the hulls 9 of different specifications, and then the ballast tanks 14 can be specifically set. And the quantity calculated by α and β is only distributed on the left, right or front and rear sides of the hull 9. According to previous experimental experience, when the number of ballast tanks 14 is distributed asymmetrically along the central axis of the hull 9, and the ballast tanks 14 are all filled In the case of water, the slight roll of the hull 9 is more conducive to turning, so that the hull 9 can maneuver faster away from the attacked area. The extra ballast tank 14 is added in the front and rear direction, which helps to stabilize the center of gravity of the hull 9 when the hull 9 is damaged.

1-11, in order to ensure the rapidity and safety of the ship's navigation, the power system of the ship uses two fuel engines 13, which directly drive the corresponding two propellers 7 in the dual propulsion mode, and the fuel is placed in the bilge of the ship. The design speed is above 18 knots, and the endurance is determined according to the amount of fuel loaded. Wherein, two engine compartments 12 are arranged at the rear of the airtight compartment 10, the fuel engine 13 is arranged in the engine compartment 12, the fuel engine 13 is connected with the propeller 7 in rotation, the outside of the engine compartment 12 is provided with a reinforced cabin 11, and the reinforced cabin 11 is provided with The trapezoidal distribution of the metal plates, the opening direction of the trapezoidal distribution of the metal plates points to the engine compartment 12 . The power system is placed at the stern and adopts a small compartment design to prevent the buoyancy and stability of the platform from being lost after being hit by anti-ship weapons. Moreover, under the enhanced protection of the reinforced cabin 11, the trapezoidal distribution of the plates will explode. The impact force is guided to the outside of the engine compartment 12 to protect the engine compartment 12 from damage to the greatest extent.

In addition, in conjunction with Fig. 12-Fig. 14, in order to further ensure that the hull 9 can still sail after encountering an attack, an injection device can be installed in the airtight compartment 10 between the two engine compartments 12 to be used when the propeller 7 is attacked. In the event of damage, the injection device can temporarily replace the propeller 7 to drive the hull 9 to move, further avoiding the problem that the hull 9 cannot move and become a living target.

12-14, the injection device is mainly composed of a power unit 20, a main water pipe 21, a control valve 22, a drainage pipe 23 and an injection pipe 24. The power unit 20 is placed in the upper compartment 10 to ensure that the hull 9 is The weapons in the first stage do not deal damage when attacking. The power unit 20 has built-in mechanical components such as an engine and a shaft coupling. If the manufacturing conditions permit, the power unit 20 can be replaced by the engine 13 through a transmission device to save costs. The main water pipe 21 is placed on both sides of the central axis of the hull 9 , and is arranged obliquely relative to the hull 9 to form an obtuse angle with the distribution position of the injection pipes 24 . One end of the main water pipe 21 passes through the engine room 12 and stretches into the upper compartment 10, and then bends downwards through the bottom of the hull 9 in the upper compartment 10, so that the bottom of the hull 9 forms a water inlet 25. The other end of the main water pipe 21 communicates with the injection pipeline 24, and one end of the injection pipeline 24 links to each other with the power unit 20, and the other end of the injection pipeline 24 runs through the hull 9 tail to form a water outlet 26. Driven by the power unit 20, the seawater of the hull 9 is drawn into the injection pipe 24 through the water inlet 25 and the main water pipe 21 and sprayed out through the water outlet 25 to push the hull 9 to move. Two control valves 22 are arranged separately on the left and right main water pipes 21, and the control valves 22 are fixed in the engine compartment 12 for controlling the opening and closing of the space in the pipeline. The drain pipe 23 is fixed on the control valve 22 and one end bends downwards and extends below the engine compartment 12 .

12-14, the injection pipe 24 is provided with a drive shaft 27, one end of the drive shaft 27 is connected to the power unit 20 in rotation, and the other end of the drive shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 29, and the fixed frame 29 is fixedly connected to the injection pipe 24 Inside, the driving shaft 27 is fixedly connected with several fan blades 28 at annular intervals. The fan blades 28 are located in the airtight compartment 10 and are on the same vertical plane as the engine compartment 12, which can be used to transport seawater from the water inlet 25 Inhalation is discharged from water outlet 26 again, to realize that jet pushes hull 9 motions; After damage, the fan blade 28 can replace the propeller 7 to push the hull 9 to move when the hull 9 is not fully loaded, further preventing the hull 9 from becoming a fixed attack target.

Moreover, the main water pipe 21 is placed on both sides of the hull 9, which can not only draw seawater to make the hull 9 move, but also through reasonable structural design, cooperate with the flow restrictions of the control valves 22 on the left and right sides, and use the flow difference between the left and right sides to realize control. The change of the direction of the hull 9, compared with the external rudder, the built-in device capable of controlling the direction is less vulnerable to attack and damage. In addition, even if the left and right sides of the hull 9 are also attacked and the airtight compartment 10 and even the main water pipe 21 near the outside of the hull 9 are damaged, the other airtight compartments 10 first stabilize the hull 9 from sinking, and secondly as long as the power unit 20 is not affected. damage, also still can extract the water that enters the damaged airtight compartment 10 to promote the hull 9 to move, serve multiple purposes.

Drainage pipeline 23 is then set and then will pass through the regulation of control valve 22 when engine compartment 12 is damaged and enters, and the water that enters engine compartment 12 will be sucked in the injection pipeline 24 and promote hull 9 to move, if displacement is equal to or greater than engine compartment 12 Water intake, when the water level of the engine compartment 12 drops to the nozzle position of the drain pipe 23, according to the actual situation, personnel can be dispatched to the engine compartment 12 for maintenance, so as to avoid subsequent further damage to the power components of the hull 9 and reduce damage. role. If it is less than the water intake of the engine compartment 12, the maintenance of the engine compartment 12 is abandoned, and in combination with other stabilizing devices in the hull 9, it is ensured that the hull 9 can break away from the attacked area.

1-11, the sealed compartments 3 are longitudinally divided into multiple groups of spaces by metal plates, and the sealed compartments 3 are provided with hatch covers 8 to communicate; the hatch covers 8 between adjacent sealed compartments 3 Not located on the same straight line, the hatch cover 8 is located at the side or the middle of the sealed compartment 3 . The sealed compartment 3 communicates with the external environment through the bow door 1 and the stern door 2, wherein the space where the sealed compartment 3 is located at the stern door 2 is the cargo hold 17, and the space of the cargo hold 17 is larger than other sealed compartments 3 spaces, so as to store larger and more Loads of cargo and plenty of room for quick maneuvers. Two hatch covers 8 are arranged on the cargo hold 17 and the adjacent sealed compartment 3 . Personnel, vehicles and goods can be parked on the airtight compartment 3 and the uppermost deck. Between the first deck and the second deck, a plurality of sealed compartments 3 are separated by metal plates, which can be used to distinguish and store different vehicles and goods, and when the ship is attacked, the metal plates can resist most of the attacks. Impact force, in order to prevent the goods in the space between the first deck and the second deck from being destroyed, it plays an excellent protective role.

In addition, the hatch cover 8 that is not in the same straight line is set, which can not only transport goods to different sealed compartments 3, but also only damage the attacked sealed compartment 3 when impacted, even if the impact force passes through the hatch cover 8 Pass to the adjacent airtight compartment 3, also can not cause damage to the outer airtight compartment 3 of attack center point, protect the cargo of airtight compartment 3 to the greatest extent. The hatch cover 8 is arranged on the side and middle of the sealed compartment 3, which can not only avoid stress concentration in the middle of the hull 9, but also shorten the transportation distance between adjacent sealed compartments 3, save transportation costs, and ensure explosion Impact force can not cause damage to gas-tight compartment 3, kills two birds with one stone.

In order to realize the multi-purpose reloading transportation requirements, combined with Figure 1-11, the bow door 1 and the stern door 2 can be easily and directly connected to the wharf, beach or similar type of ships when they are unfolded through a reasonable structural design, and it is convenient to move to the first deck. The purpose of transporting cargo vehicles such as wharf shore beaches, passenger cars and truck wheels for transfer, and military vehicles transported after wartime refitting, to quickly get on and off the ship platform. Cabin door 4 and cabin ramp 5 are set on the first deck, wherein the cabin door 4 is positioned on the first deck, and the cabin ramp 5 is positioned in the sealed compartment 3 below the cabin door 4, and the slope of the cabin ramp 5 is about 6 -10 meters, to facilitate the vehicle and cargo on the first deck to enter and exit the cabin, the width of each sealed compartment 3 is about 12-20 meters, and the cabin door 4 is closed at ordinary times. When closing, keep passing through the deck on the cabin door 4 smoothly. Vehicle; when the cabin door 4 is opened, it is opened to the side of the ship's side. Passengers passing in and out of the sealed compartment 3 , trucks transporting bulk cargo, and military vehicles transported in wartime etc., enter and exit the sealed compartment 3 quickly through the cabin ramp 5 .

1-11, the hull 9 on the outside of the sealed compartment 3 is provided with an inverted trapezoidal side cabin 18, and the side cabin 18 is provided with a protective cabin 19 surrounded by metal plates with multiple spaces. The protective cabin 19 is both Can improve the structural strength of side compartment 18, can increase the capacity of deck again, and can provide protection for sealed compartment 3 again, avoid sealed compartment 3 sides to be attacked, further improve the safety of sealed compartment 3, in addition When the hull 9 sinks, the displacement of the hull 9 is further improved, so that the navigation of the hull 9 is more stable. And also can inject part ballast water in the protective cabin 19, when coordinating the ballast tank 14 ballast, when in the sealed compartment 3 because of an accident or when being attacked, the water in the protective cabin 19 is discharged into the sealed compartment. In the cabin 3, it can also play a role in fire extinguishing and reduce cargo loss.

In order to realize the rapid opening and lapping of the bow and stern gate bridges and maintain the strength and safety of opening and closing, several bow and stern gate bridges can be arranged side by side to ensure the rapid construction of the upper and lower ship passages and the passages between overlapping ships.

The present invention has the following characteristics: one is that the ship is new in shape and has a large loading capacity. The ship type is a square barge and shoulder-pole ship type, which is a new type of ship overall, and the design is difficult to realize, and the ratio of its loading capacity to displacement is close to 50%. The second is good unsinkability. The ship type adopts a new design concept of small watertight cabins and watertight compartments, avoiding the problem of large cabin designs such as the power cabins of existing military ships and civilian ships, which are easy to sink quickly after being attacked by weapons. The design concept can ensure that it will float on the water surface and sink after being attacked; the power cabin is placed at the stern, and the small cabin structure ensures that it will not have a big impact on the stability and buoyancy of the whole ship under the condition of being damaged and losing buoyancy . The third is shallow draft. The draft can be adjusted through ballast tanks, which can adapt to the navigation requirements of shallow water, ports, and waterways. It can be used for wartime civilian ships after refitting, and can directly wash and berth on the beach; it can meet various waterway navigation directly accessible from rivers and seas. Require. Fourth, multi-functional loading, multi-purpose use. One ship type can meet the needs of multiple loading functions, realize the shuttle transportation of goods, and the rapid transportation of large quantities of vehicles and goods between straits. The fifth is the straight-through deck ship type, which is convenient for the rapid loading and unloading of personnel, vehicles, and goods, as well as for large-scale loading and orderly loading and stacking. It is also possible to quickly build a large mobile floating platform at sea through rapid overlapping between multiple platforms. Sixth, it has good adaptability to the use environment. Compared with barges navigating on rivers, this type of ship has a sea condition adaptability of 9-12 grades, which realizes long-sea transportation between islands and continents, and direct shuttle transportation between rivers and seas. The requirements for loading and unloading docks are not high, and the beach without docks can also be loaded and unloaded. The number of operating users is small.

Specific practical process: Take the passenger and cargo loading and transportation of the bulk container mixed loader as an example to illustrate its use process.

When the bulk container is loaded, the bow door 1 or the stern door 2 of the ship is overlapped with the wharf on the shore, and the vehicle for transporting bulk cargo can directly drive onto the ship and directly go to the sealed compartment 3 designated for loading. Perhaps open compartment compartment door 4, make the vehicle on deck 1 pass compartment ramp 5, enter in the airtight compartment 3, after unloading, transport vehicle returns on the same path. The bulk cargo vehicle can also load and unload cargo through the hatch cover 8 on the deck.

When passenger and cargo are mixed loaded, the ship's bow door 1 or stern door 2 is overlapped with the shore wharf, and small passenger cars and trucks drive directly onto the ship through the bow and stern doors, and the small passenger cars go to the designated parking compartment 3, or open The cabin door 4 makes the vehicle on the first deck pass through the cabin ramp 5 and enters into the sealed compartment 3 to park. Large trucks and buses are parked on the first deck in an orderly manner. After being transported to the designated location, use the bow and stern gate bridges in the corresponding direction according to the direction of the front of the large trucks and buses. The selected bow or stern gate bridges are lapped on the shore At the side wharf, the vehicles left the ship in an orderly manner. If all the small passenger cars are loaded and transported, based on the area occupied by the small passenger cars and the reserved channels, etc., a ship of this type with a length of 100 meters and a width of 50 meters is expected to be able to carry and transport 800-1000 small passenger cars. The ship is propelled by the propeller 7 and controlled by the bridge 6 .

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

A multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship is characterized in that it includes a bow door (1), a stern door (2), a sealed compartment (3), a bridge (6), a propeller (7) and a hull (9), The ship type of the hull (9) is a square barge pole ship type, and the ratio of its loading capacity to its own weight is 1:1; the hull (9) is arranged with three decks up and down, the first deck is a straight-through flat deck, and water retaining walls are arranged on both sides. The bow door (1) and the stern door (2) are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the hull (9); the pilot building (6) is erected on the first deck; The space in the space is a sealed compartment (3); the third deck is the bilge, the space between the second deck and the first deck is a tight compartment (10), and the propeller (7) is arranged at the tight compartment (10) and Located at the stern of the hull (9), wherein,

Airtight cabin (10) is the meshed square cabin that is surrounded by metal plate, and airtight cabin (10) is divided into two layers up and down, and the middle part of upper layer airtight cabin (10) is provided with ballast tank (14), and ballast tank ( 14) There is ballast water in the interior, and the distribution specifications of the ballast tank (14) meet:

a is the quantity of the airtight compartment (10) that becomes the ballast tank (14) for the left and right directions of the hull (9);

A is the quantity of the airtight compartments (10) in the left and right directions of the hull (9), and its value is an even number greater than 10;

α is a positive integer, and its value ranges from 0 to 7;

B is the quantity of the airtight compartment (10) that becomes the ballast tank (14) for the forward and backward direction of the hull (9);

B is the number of airtight compartments (10) in the fore and aft direction of the hull (9), and its value is a positive integer greater than 21 that can be divisible by 3;

β is a positive integer, and its value ranges from 0 to 13.
According to claim 1, a multi-purpose shallow draft through-deck ship is characterized in that: the specific values of α and β satisfy:

α=14d-7;

β=5.2l-2.6;

d is the width of a single compartment (10), and 0.5m≤d≤1m;

l is the length of a single compartment (10), and 0.5m≤l≤3m.
According to claim 2, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship type is characterized in that: if the calculated value of α and β after the decimal point is greater than 0, then the actual value of α and β is the digit before the decimal point plus 1.
According to claim 3, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship is characterized in that: a main channel (15) is provided in the middle of the ballast tank (14), and the main channel (15) is arranged along the length direction of the hull (9). Secondary waterways (16) are provided on the metal plates on both sides of the main waterway (15), and the auxiliary waterway (16) communicates with the ballast tanks (14) on both sides of the main waterway (15).
According to claim 4, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship is characterized in that: two engine compartments (12) are arranged at the rear of the airtight compartment (10), and each engine compartment (12) is equipped with a fuel tank. The engine (13), the fuel engine (13) is rotationally connected with the propeller (7), the engine compartment (12) is provided with a reinforced cabin (11) outside, and the reinforced cabin (11) is provided with trapezoidal distribution of metal plates, trapezoidal distribution of metal plates The plate opening direction points to the engine compartment (12).
According to claim 5, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through deck ship is characterized in that: the uppermost deck is a straight-through type flat deck, and the uppermost deck is provided with a cabin door (4), and the cabin door (4) is connected to the sealed compartment. The cabins (3) are connected, and a cabin ramp (5) is provided in the sealed compartment (3) below the cabin door (4), and the cabin ramp (5) is obliquely arranged in the sealed compartment (3).
According to claim 6, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship type is characterized in that: an inverted trapezoidal side tank (18) is provided on the hull (9) outside the sealed compartment (3), and the side tank (18) A protective cabin (19) with multiple spaces surrounded by metal plates is arranged inside.
According to claim 7, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship is characterized in that: the sealed compartments (3) are longitudinally divided into multiple groups of spaces by metal plates, and hatches are provided between the sealed compartments (3) Cover (8) and communicate; Sealed compartment (3) parks personnel, vehicle and goods on the top deck.
According to claim 8, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship is characterized in that: the hull (9) has a built-in injection device, and the injection device includes a power unit (20), a main water pipe (21), a control valve ( 22), drainage pipe (23) and injection pipe (24), power unit (20) is placed in the upper compartment (10), the main water pipe (21) is placed on both sides of the central axis of the hull (9), and the main water pipe ( 21) forms an obtuse angle with the distribution position of the injection pipe (24); one end of the main water pipe (21) passes through the engine compartment (12) and stretches into the upper compartment (10) and bends downwards and runs through the bottom of the hull (9); the main water pipe ( 21) The other end is connected with the injection pipeline (24), one end of the injection pipeline (24) is connected with the power unit (20), the other end of the injection pipeline (24) runs through the tail of the hull (9), and is driven by the power unit (20) to pass through the main flow The water pipe (21) draws the seawater of the hull (9) into the injection pipe (24) and sprays it out through the injection pipe (24) to push the hull (9) to move; On the water pipe (21), the control valve (22) is fixed in the engine compartment (12), and the drainage pipe (23) is fixed on the control valve (22) and one end bends downwards and stretches below the engine compartment (12).
According to claim 9, a multi-purpose shallow-draft straight-through-deck ship is characterized in that: a drive shaft (27) is provided in the injection pipe (24), and one end of the drive shaft (27) is rotationally connected to the power unit (20). The other end of the drive shaft (27) is rotatably connected to the fixed mount (29), and the fixed mount (29) is fixedly connected in the injection pipeline (24), and several fan blades (28) are fixedly connected at annular intervals in the drive shaft (27). ), the fan blade (28) is positioned in the airtight compartment (10), and the fan blade (28) is on the same vertical plane as the engine compartment (12).