WO2023035382A1 - 转子组件及压缩机 - Google Patents

转子组件及压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035382A1
WO2023035382A1 PCT/CN2021/127944 CN2021127944W WO2023035382A1 WO 2023035382 A1 WO2023035382 A1 WO 2023035382A1 CN 2021127944 W CN2021127944 W CN 2021127944W WO 2023035382 A1 WO2023035382 A1 WO 2023035382A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
rotor core
rotor
balance weight
rotor assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/127944
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李洋
李振浩
Original Assignee
广东美的环境科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东美的环境科技有限公司 filed Critical 广东美的环境科技有限公司
Priority to JP2022524033A priority Critical patent/JP7465345B2/ja
Priority to EP21893104.6A priority patent/EP4170175A1/en
Priority to US17/728,235 priority patent/US20230076531A1/en
Publication of WO2023035382A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035382A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008Hermetic pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/02Pumps characterised by combination with or adaptation to specific driving engines or motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/0085Prime movers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/026Lubricant separation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/028Means for improving or restricting lubricant flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F04C29/045Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation of the electric motor in hermetic pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/40Electric motor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/80Other components
    • F04C2240/804Accumulators for refrigerant circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of compression equipment, in particular to a rotor assembly and a compressor.
  • the balance weight forms a high-speed rotating airflow when it rotates, so that the oil droplets carried in the refrigerant gradually leave the center of the axis of the compressor under centrifugal action and move toward the wall of the shell to achieve the effect of oil and gas separation.
  • lubricating oil tends to accumulate at the position near the exhaust side of the stator, forming a secondary source of oil droplets, resulting in a large amount of oil discharge and a drop in the oil level of the oil pool.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, the present invention proposes a rotor assembly, which can reduce the amount of lubricating oil discharged from the compressor.
  • the present invention also proposes a compressor having the above-mentioned rotor assembly.
  • the rotor assembly includes a crankshaft, a rotor core, a balance weight, and an oil shield.
  • the rotor core is provided with a vent hole, and the vent hole is along the axis of the rotor core penetrating through the rotor core;
  • the balance weight is located at one end of the rotor core close to the oil pool of the compressor;
  • a central opening through which the crankshaft passes, and an accommodating space is defined between the oil shield and the rotor core, and the accommodating space communicates with the air hole.
  • the rotor assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the rotation of the balance weight will cause the gas in its rotating area to be pushed to the outside, forming a local negative pressure in the rotating area.
  • the balance weight When the balance weight is covered by the oil shield, there is a local low pressure at the center hole of the oil shield, and the inner wall of the oil shield cannot flow out smoothly due to the refrigerant, and a local high pressure is formed near the side wall due to the stagnation effect, which will push the refrigerant through the channel.
  • the air hole flows from the side close to the oil retaining cover to the side away from the oil retaining cover to achieve the effect of increasing the flow rate of the air vent.
  • the oil droplets carried by the refrigerant can be separated during the process of passing through the vent hole, and are concentrated at the outlet to the outside of the rotor, and are discharged from the air between the outer edge of the stator and the inner wall of the housing. The clearance drops back to the oil sump, thereby reducing the oil discharge volume.
  • the oil deflecting cover includes an oil deflecting part and a mounting part, the oil deflecting part is in the shape of a ring, and the mounting part is arranged at a part of the oil deflecting part far away from the rotor core. At one end, the installation part is connected to the balance weight.
  • the minimum axial gap between the oil deflector and the rotor core is no more than 0.5 mm.
  • the minimum axial gap between the oil deflector and the rotor core is no more than 0.1 mm.
  • the installation part is fixed to the balance weight by bonding or by screws.
  • the diameter of the largest inscribed circle of the ventilation hole is not less than 3 mm.
  • the rotor core is provided with a plurality of the ventilation holes, and the plurality of the ventilation holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core.
  • the rotation diameter of the inner edge of the ventilation hole is d
  • the diameter of the central opening is e
  • the diameter of the part of the crankshaft corresponding to the mounting part is f
  • the minimum rotation diameter of the balance weight is D, and the diameter of the central opening is e, where e ⁇ D.
  • a compressor according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the rotor assembly of an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the compressor according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by adopting the rotor assembly of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the flow rate of the vent hole can be increased, thereby increasing the air gap between the outer edge of the stator and the inner wall of the housing. Oil return capability.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the rotor assembly of the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front sectional view of the rotor assembly shown in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of place A shown in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the oil shield shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a top view of the rotor assembly shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 6 is a pressure distribution diagram inside the oil shield
  • Figure 7 is a diagram of the relationship between the impact energy and the axial assembly clearance of the oil shield
  • Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • crankshaft 101, crankshaft; 102, rotor core; 103, air vent;
  • orientation descriptions such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only In order to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, it does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
  • the compressor includes a shell, a motor and a compression mechanism, and an internal cavity is formed in the closed shell, and the motor and the compression mechanism are both arranged in the cavity and connected by a crankshaft.
  • the refrigerant is compressed by the crankshaft driving the compression mechanism.
  • the motor includes a stator, a rotor and its components.
  • the cavity is generally divided into three parts by the motor, which are the lower cavity of the motor, the cavity of the motor and the upper cavity of the motor. In most cases, the refrigerant compressed to high pressure needs to pass through the motor cavity to enter the discharge port of the compressor and enter the air conditioning system.
  • the motor provides rotational power for the compressor, and its performance directly affects the performance of the compressor.
  • the compressor includes a motor and a compression structure located at one axial end of the motor. The refrigerant in the high-pressure chamber in the compression structure and the lubricating oil inside the compressor will flow through the motor.
  • the oil-air mixture of refrigerant and lubricating oil at one end of the compression structure will flow to the axial end surface of the rotor.
  • the casing of the compressor it is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port on the casing, thereby affecting the oil output of the compressor.
  • the rotor of the motor is in a high-speed rotating state when the compressor is working, and at least one of the axial ends of the rotor is provided with a balance weight, and the balance weight generally has an irregular shape.
  • a balance weight is provided at each axial end of the rotor as an example for illustration.
  • the compression mechanism compresses the low-temperature refrigerant into a high-pressure oil-air mixture and discharges it into the casing.
  • the high-pressure oil-air mixture in the casing flows through the airflow center opening on the rotor and then reaches the exhaust pipe.
  • the balance weight will cause agitation to the airflow in the casing, and the balance weight will form a high-speed rotating airflow when the balance weight rotates, so that the oil droplets carried in the refrigerant will be gradually reduced under the centrifugal force. Leave the center of the compressor axis and move toward the side wall of the housing to achieve the effect of oil and gas separation.
  • a low-pressure area is formed at the leeward end of the upper balance weight, and a high-pressure area is formed at the windward end of the lower balance weight.
  • the refrigerant suction volume of the central opening of the airflow near the low-pressure area of the upper balance weight and the high-pressure area of the lower balance weight is large.
  • the refrigerant carries a large amount of lubricating oil and spits out, which leads to a sharp increase in the oil discharge rate of the compressor, chaotic flow field, and low energy efficiency.
  • the lubricating oil of the compressor will be scattered everywhere in the compressor under the action of the refrigerant. Whether it can quickly return to the oil pool and ensure a certain operating oil level is an important guarantee for reliable lubrication and normal operation of the compressor.
  • lubricating oil tends to gather near the inner wall of the housing.
  • the main channel for lubricating oil to return to the oil pool is the air gap formed between the outer edge of the motor stator and the inner wall of the housing.
  • the oil pool of the compressor is located at the bottom of the housing. In order to ensure that the lubricating oil falls back to the oil pool through the air gap, it is generally hoped that the refrigerant flow in the air gap is in the same direction as the oil return direction, so as to promote the oil return.
  • lubricating oil is easy to accumulate at the position near the exhaust side of the stator, forming a secondary source of oil droplets, resulting in a large amount of oil discharge and a drop in the oil level of the oil pool.
  • the rotor assembly of the embodiment of the present invention includes a crankshaft 101, a rotor core 102, a balance weight 301 and an oil shield 302, and the crankshaft 101 is passed through the rotor core 102.
  • the balance weight 301 is installed on the lower end of the rotor core 102, that is, the balance weight 301 is located at one end of the rotor core 102 close to the oil pool 804 (shown in FIG. 8 ), and the oil shield 302 is installed on the balance weight 301.
  • the oil cover 302 covers the balance weight 301 , and the oil deflector cover 302 is further provided with a central opening 303 , and the crankshaft 101 passes through the central opening 303 .
  • the rotor core 102 is provided with a vent hole 103 penetrating the rotor core 102 , the axial direction of the vent hole 103 is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor core 102 , that is, the vent hole 103 penetrates the rotor core 102 along the axial direction of the rotor core 102 .
  • the space 307 is defined between the oil shield 302 and the rotor core 102, and the space 307 communicates with the vent hole 103, so that the lubricating oil can enter the vent hole 103 from the space 307 and be discharged from the vent hole 103 .
  • oil deflector 302 can also be installed on the crankshaft 101 , as long as it can ensure that the balance weight 301 is covered and the inner wall of the oil deflector 302 can form a high pressure effect.
  • the rotation of the balance weight 301 will cause the gas in the rotating area to be pushed to the outside, forming a local negative pressure in the rotating area. Therefore, there are local negative pressures on the upper and lower sides of the rotor. When the negative pressure on one side is lower and a pressure difference is formed, the refrigerant will flow from the high pressure side to the low pressure side once. The greater the pressure difference, the greater the flow rate.
  • the pressure on the side wall near the oil deflector 302 is relatively high, while the pressure in the center is relatively low.
  • the inlet at the bottom of the air hole 103 of the iron core 102 provides high pressure to allow the refrigerant to flow upward from the lower end of the air hole 103 .
  • the darker position is the position corresponding to the leeward side of the balance weight 301, that is, the lower arc part is smaller and the upper part is larger.
  • the balance weight 301 rotates at the position where the arc portion meets the two, and the relative increase of the space is formed on the leeward side to generate low pressure.
  • the pressure at this location reaches between 2.005e4Pa-2.527e4Pa, that is, 20050Pa-25270Pa.
  • the oil deflector 302 covers the balance weight 301, and there is a local low pressure at the center of the oil deflector 302, that is, there is a local low pressure at the central opening 303, and the inner side of the oil deflector 302
  • the wall blocks the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant cannot flow out smoothly, and a local high pressure is formed near the side wall due to the stagnation effect, which will push the refrigerant to flow from the side with the oil deflector 302 to the side without the oil deflector 302, that is, push the refrigerant from
  • the side of the vent hole 103 close to the oil deflector 302 flows to the side away from the oil deflector 302 to achieve the effect of increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.
  • the oil droplets carried by the refrigerant can be separated during the process of passing through the vent hole 103, and are concentrated at the outlet of the vent hole 103 to the outside of the rotor, that is, the oil droplets are under the action of centrifugal force , from the side of the vent hole 103 away from the oil cover, flows along the radial direction of the rotor core 102, thereby reducing the amount of oil discharged.
  • the lubricating oil can be driven to flow back to the oil pool 804 along the air gap formed between the outer edge of the stator and the inner wall of the casing, thereby promoting oil return.
  • the air hole 103 passing through the rotor core 102 along the axial direction of the rotor core 102 is provided on the rotor core 102, and the balance weight 301 is provided with a cover on the outside of the balance weight 301.
  • the oil deflecting cover 302 so as to use the characteristics of the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the rotor to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant in the vent hole 103, thereby improving the oil return capacity of the trimming of the stator (the air gap between the outer edge of the stator and the inner wall of the housing), and reducing the oil discharge volume .
  • Table 1 shows the effect of improving the flow rate of the motor.
  • the flow ratio before improvement is 19.2%
  • the flow ratio of adding the oil deflector 302 alone is 4.6%
  • the proportion of circulation is 67.2%. Because the oil deflector 302 is only added, and the air hole 103 is not provided on the rotor core 102, the refrigerant cannot be pushed to flow from the side of the rotor core 102 close to the oil deflector 302 to the side away from the oil deflector 302, On the contrary, the refrigerant is stored in the oil deflector 302 , which reduces the flow rate of the refrigerant. Therefore, compared with the solution before improvement, the flow rate of the solution of increasing the oil deflector 302 decreases instead.
  • the scheme of adding the combination of the oil shield 302 and the rotor vent hole 103 blocks the refrigerant through the inner wall surface of the oil shield 302, so that the refrigerant cannot flow out smoothly, and a local high pressure is formed near the side wall due to the stagnation effect, and combined with the rotor core 102
  • Table 2 shows the improvement effect of three different models of oil discharge. Specifically, the test compared the measured oil discharge volumes of model 1, model 2 and model 3 before and after improvement. These three models are scroll compressors with high back pressure but different displacements. Among them, the improved solution is the rotor assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, which includes a rotor core 102 with a vent hole 103 and an oil shield 302 arranged on a balance weight 301 .
  • the measured oil output of model 1 was 4.7% before the improvement, and 3.2% after the improvement, and the oil output decreased by 1.5%.
  • the measured oil output of model 2 was 5.6% before the improvement, and 3.3% after the improvement, and the oil output decreased by 2.3%.
  • the measured oil output of model 3 was 5.0% before the improvement, and 3.0% after the improvement, and the oil output decreased by 2%.
  • the oil deflector 302 includes an oil deflector 304 and a mounting portion 305, the mounting portion 305 is located between the rotor and the compressor oil pool 804, that is, the mounting portion 305 is located on the balance weight 301 The end close to the oil pool 804, that is, the installation part 305 is located at the end of the balance weight 301 away from the rotor core 102. It can be understood that the installation part 305 can reduce the flow of air from the central opening 303 of the oil deflector cover 302, Ensure that the inner wall of the oil deflector 302 forms a high pressure effect and increase the flow rate of the motor.
  • the oil deflecting portion 304 is in the shape of a ring and is located on the outer peripheral side of the balance weight 301 to prevent lubricating oil from leaving the area surrounded by the oil deflector cover 302 from the outer peripheral side of the balance weight 301 .
  • the installation part 305 is disposed on the lower edge of the oil deflecting part 304 , and the installation part 305 is connected to the balance weight 301 .
  • the mounting part 305 is provided with a mounting hole 401, which is fixed on the balance weight 301 by a screw 306, that is, the screw 306 passes through the mounting hole 401, and then is screwed on the balance weight 301 superior. Installing through the screws 306 can realize fast assembly and disassembly, so that it is convenient to clean the oil deflector 302 or replace the oil deflector 302 .
  • the installation portion 305 can form a nearly vertical angle with the oil deflector 304 , that is, it can be understood that the installation portion 305 faces from the end of the oil deflector 304 far away from the rotor core 102 .
  • the center of the rotor core 102 is bent, that is, the oil retaining part 304 extends to the end face of the balance weight 301, and the installation part 305 extends along the radial direction of the rotor core 102 toward the axial direction of the rotor core 102.
  • Mounting holes 401 are provided on the part 305 , and are fixed on the end surface of the balance weight 301 by screws 306 .
  • the installation part 305 can also be fixed on the balance weight 301 by bonding, that is, the installation part 305 is bonded on the balance weight 301, of course, the oil retaining part 304 attached to the balance weight 301 It can also be bonded to the balance weight 301 , or both the installation part 305 and the oil retaining part 304 are bonded to the balance weight 301 .
  • the oil retaining part 304 is located at the end of the installation part 305 away from the axis of the rotor core 102.
  • the oil retaining part 304 extends toward the side of the balance weight 301 and fits on the side of the balance weight 301.
  • the oil retaining part 304 blocks the refrigerant , so that the refrigerant cannot flow out smoothly, and a local high pressure is formed near the side wall due to the stagnation effect, which will push the refrigerant to flow from the side with the oil deflector 302 to the side without the oil deflector 302, that is, push the refrigerant from the vent hole 103
  • the side close to the oil deflecting cover 302 flows to the side away from the oil cover to achieve the effect of increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.
  • the minimum distance between the oil deflector 304 and the rotor core 102 is L.
  • the minimum distance L between the oil retaining part 304 and the rotor core 102 is too large, the local leakage will be increased, and there will be high-speed airflow flowing outward, which will impact the airflow at the lower part of the motor.
  • the oil level will be unstable and the oil discharge will deteriorate. Therefore, it is of great significance to reasonably set the minimum distance L between the oil retaining portion 304 and the rotor core 102 to maintain the stability of the oil surface and reduce the deterioration of the oil discharge.
  • FIG. 7 shows the simulation results of different minimum distances L between the oil deflector 304 and the rotor core 102 and the corresponding leakage airflow impact power
  • the abscissa indicates different axial assembly clearances
  • the impact power of the leakage air flow is 25W.
  • the impact power of the leakage airflow is 79W.
  • the impact power of the leakage airflow is 90W.
  • the minimum axial gap between the oil deflector 304 and the rotor core 102 is set to be no more than 0.5 mm, that is, the minimum distance L between the oil deflector 304 and the rotor core 102 is set to be less than or It is equal to 0.5mm, which can improve the phenomenon of local leakage, reduce the high-speed air flow flowing outward, and then reduce the impact on the air flow below the motor, maintain the stability of the oil surface and reduce the deterioration of oil discharge.
  • the minimum axial gap between the oil deflector 304 and the rotor core 102 is set to be no more than 0.1 mm, that is, the minimum distance L between the oil deflector 304 and the rotor core 102 is set to be less than or Equal to 0.1mm, it can significantly improve the phenomenon of local leakage, and significantly reduce the high-speed airflow flowing outward, thereby reducing the impact on the airflow below the motor, maintaining the stability of the oil surface and reducing the deterioration of oil spit, basically ensuring that the leakage is acceptable.
  • the vent hole 103 is in the shape of a curved elongated hole, that is, the long side of the vent hole 103 is arc-shaped, and the center of the arc is in the same shape as the rotor.
  • the center of the circle of the iron core 102 coincides, and the ends of the two long sides are connected by the short side of the semicircle, thereby forming a vent hole 103 formed by a closed arc line, and the largest inscribed circle can be drawn in the vent hole 103 501.
  • the diameter of the largest inscribed circle 501 is ⁇ .
  • the diameter ⁇ of the largest inscribed circle 501 is not less than 3mm, that is, when ⁇ is greater than or equal to 3mm, the flow of refrigerant and lubricating oil is relatively smooth. However, if the diameter ⁇ of the largest inscribed circle 501 is less than 3 mm, the channel is easily blocked by lubricating oil, reducing the flow capacity of the refrigerant.
  • the ventilation hole 103 can also be of other shapes, such as a waist-shaped hole (the waist-shaped hole is also called an oblong hole, the two ends of the waist-shaped hole are semicircular arcs, the middle is a parallel plane, and the largest inscribed circle 501
  • the diameter ⁇ of the maximum inscribed circle 501 is equal to the diameter of the semicircle arc
  • circular hole the diameter ⁇ of the largest inscribed circle 501 is equal to the diameter of the circular hole
  • square hole the diameter ⁇ of the largest inscribed circle 501 is equal to the length of the shortest side of the square hole ) or special-shaped holes, etc.
  • the rotor core 102 is provided with a plurality of air holes 103, that is, the number of the air holes 103 of the rotor core 102 is at least two, and the plurality of air holes 103 are arranged along the rotor core 102. uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the pressure difference between the upper and lower end surfaces of the rotor core 102 promotes the increase of the flow rate of the ventilation refrigerant.
  • the premise is that the rotor has a vent hole 103 that penetrates in the axial direction.
  • the uniform circumferential distribution of the iron core 102 can make the force of the refrigerant on the rotor iron core 102 more uniform, and reduce the eccentric force caused by the uneven distribution of the air holes 103 .
  • vent holes 103 are evenly distributed on the rotor core 102, and the pressure difference between the upper and lower end surfaces of the rotor core 102 promotes the outflow of the ventilation refrigerant from the six vent holes 103, increasing the flow rate of the ventilation refrigerant, and
  • the six ventilation holes 103 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotor core 102, so that the flow rate of the ventilation refrigerant flowing out of the six ventilation holes 103 is also relatively uniform, so that the force on the rotor core 102 in the circumferential direction is uniform, and the generation of eccentric force is reduced.
  • Ventilation holes 103 may also be provided on the rotor core 102, for example, two, three, four or more than five. limit.
  • the mounting portion 305 of the oil shield 302 is arranged horizontally, and it can be understood that the mounting portion 305 is in a reference plane, then the reference plane intersects the crankshaft 101, and the cross-sectional shape formed by the intersection is is the cross-section of the crankshaft 101 on the reference plane, and in the cross-section at this position, the diameter of the crankshaft 101 is f.
  • the mounting portion 305 has a certain thickness.
  • the reference plane refers to the plane where the middle position of the mounting portion 305 is located, that is, the mounting
  • the plane where the middle position of the upper plane and the lower plane of the portion 305 is located is the reference plane.
  • the diameter of the central opening 303 of the oil shield 302 is e
  • the central opening 303 is defined by the mounting portion 305, or it can be understood that the central opening 303 is arranged on the mounting portion 305 on.
  • the position of the central opening 303 corresponds to the position of the crankshaft 101, and the difference between the diameter e of the central opening 303 and the diameter f of the crankshaft 101 is greater than or equal to 4 (mm), that is, e ⁇ f+4 (mm).
  • the diameter e of the central opening 303 is greater than or equal to d, that is, e ⁇ d.
  • e ⁇ f+4 (mm) By setting e ⁇ f+4 (mm), there is a large enough space between the crankshaft 101 and the oil deflector 302 to allow enough refrigerant to enter the space defined by the oil deflector 302, that is, to set the central opening 303
  • the diameter is large enough to allow the refrigerant to enter from the central opening 303, reducing the resistance of the oil deflector cover 302 to the refrigerant entering direction. Therefore, e ⁇ f+4 (mm) defines that the gap between the central opening 303 of the oil shield 302 and the annular channel formed by the crankshaft 101 is not less than 4mm, so as to ensure its flow capacity and prevent the resistance from being too large.
  • the oil deflector 302 reduces the obstruction to the vent hole 103, so that part of the refrigerant can enter directly from the central opening 303, and then directly enter the vent hole under the action of the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the rotor core 102 103, and discharge from the upper end of the air hole 103, so that it does not need to be blown to the side wall of the oil deflector 302 by the air flow, so as to reduce the moving distance and improve the discharge efficiency of the refrigerant. Therefore, e ⁇ d is to ensure that the channel between the central opening 303 in the oil deflector 302 and the crankshaft 101 can coincide with the axial projection plane of the vent hole 103. If there is no coincidence, the airflow will enter the rotor core 102 The flow path increases, reducing the air flow of the rotor core 102.
  • the minimum radius of gyration of the balance weight 301 is R
  • the minimum gyration diameter of the balance weight 301 is D equal to 2R
  • the diameter e of the central opening 303 and the minimum gyration diameter D of the balance weight 301 Satisfied condition: the diameter e of the central opening 303 is less than or equal to the minimum rotation diameter D of the balance weight 301 , ie e ⁇ D.
  • the diameter of the central opening 303 of the oil deflecting cover 302 is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall surface of the balance weight 301, thereby reducing the outflow from the central opening 303 between the mounting part 305 of the oil deflecting cover 302 and the balancing weight 301
  • the air flow rate can ensure that the inner wall surface of the oil deflector 302 forms a high pressure effect, thereby increasing the flow rate of the motor.
  • the compressor of the embodiment of the present invention includes the rotor assembly of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the compressor of the embodiment of the present invention by adopting the rotor assembly of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, can increase the flow rate of the vent hole 103, thereby improving the oil return capacity of the air gap between the outer edge of the stator and the inner wall of the casing.
  • compressors in the embodiments of the present invention may include scroll compressors and rolling rotor compressors, etc., wherein the rolling rotor compressors are one type of rotary compressors.
  • the scroll compressor includes a housing, a compression assembly, a motor assembly, a crankshaft 101 (shaft portion) and other components.
  • the casing includes a barrel body 801 , an upper cover 802 and a lower cover 803 .
  • the cylindrical body 801 is penetrated in the axial direction.
  • the upper cover 802 is disposed on the upper portion of the cylinder body 801 and fixed to the upper portion of the cylinder body 801 by, for example, welding.
  • the lower cover 803 is provided at the lower part of the cylinder body 801, and is fixed to the lower part of the cylinder body 801 by, for example, welding.
  • the barrel 801 , the upper cover 802 and the lower cover 803 jointly form a sealed installation space. Components such as the compression assembly, the motor assembly, and the crankshaft 101 are respectively installed in the installation space.
  • the lower cover 803 of the casing is recessed downward, thereby forming an oil pool 804 for storing lubricating oil at the bottom of the casing.
  • the compression assembly is secured within the housing.
  • the compression assembly mainly includes a fixed scroll 805 , a movable scroll 806 and a main frame 807 .
  • the fixed scroll 805 includes a fixed disk body and a helical fixed scroll tooth extending from the fixed disk body.
  • the movable scroll 806 includes a movable scroll body and a helical movable scroll extending from the driven disk body.
  • the fixed scroll on the fixed scroll 805 and the movable scroll on the movable scroll 806 mesh with each other to form a compression chamber.
  • the static disk body, the cylinder body 801 of the housing and the upper cover 802 of the housing jointly surround and form an exhaust chamber.
  • the exhaust chamber is located above the static disc body.
  • the static disc body is provided with an exhaust port and an air intake port.
  • the exhaust port communicates with the compression cavity and the exhaust cavity.
  • the exhaust port can be arranged in the middle of the upper part of the static disc body, and the exhaust port is used to discharge the high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure area of the compression chamber into the exhaust chamber.
  • the air inlet is arranged on the edge of the static disc body, and is used to communicate with the compression chamber and the suction pipe.
  • the main frame 807 is installed under the movable scroll 806 .
  • the main frame 807, the fixed scroll 805 and the movable scroll 806 together form a back pressure chamber.
  • the back pressure chamber is arranged in an annular shape.
  • the back pressure chamber is filled with gas, which can be the refrigerant from the compression chamber or the gas provided by the external equipment of the scroll compressor.
  • the gas provides a back pressure to the movable disk body of the movable scroll 806 , so that the movable scroll 806 and the fixed scroll 805 are hermetically abutted.
  • the motor assembly includes a stator assembly 808 and a rotor assembly.
  • the stator assembly 808 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder body 801 of the casing, and the rotor assembly is located in the middle of the stator assembly 808 .
  • the crankshaft 101 passes through the shaft hole in the middle of the rotor assembly and is fixed on the rotor assembly.
  • the stator assembly 808 drives the rotor assembly to rotate, and the crankshaft 101 rotates with the rotation of the rotor assembly.
  • the cylinder body 801 is below the motor assembly, and a sub-frame 809 is installed, and the sub-frame 809 is fixed on the cylinder body 801 of the housing.
  • the first end of the crankshaft 101 passes through the subframe 809 and extends toward the lower cover 803 .
  • the subframe 809 supports the crankshaft 101 in the radial direction of the crankshaft 101 , thereby suppressing the runout that occurs when the crankshaft 101 rotates.
  • the second axial end of the crankshaft 101 is in transmission connection with the lower part of the moving disc body.
  • the crankshaft 101 rotates, it drives the moving disk body to perform eccentric rotary motion.
  • the movable scroll teeth also perform eccentric rotary motion at the same time.
  • the relative positions of the movable scroll on the movable scroll 806 and the fixed scroll on the fixed scroll 805 are constantly changing, so that the size of the compression chamber is constantly changing, and the low-pressure refrigerant in the compression chamber is compressed. Compressed into high-pressure refrigerant.
  • the formed high-pressure refrigerant is discharged through the discharge pipe of the scroll compressor, thereby providing the refrigerant to the refrigeration equipment.

Abstract

一种转子组件,以及具有转子组件的压缩机,其中转子组件,包括曲轴(101)、转子铁芯(102)、平衡块(301)和挡油罩(302),转子铁芯(102)设有通气孔(103),通气孔(103)沿转子铁芯(102)的轴向贯穿转子铁芯(102);平衡块(301)位于转子铁芯(102)的靠近压缩机的油池的一端;挡油罩(302)罩设于平衡块(301)的外侧,设有容置曲轴(101)穿过的中心开孔(303),并且挡油罩(302)与转子铁芯(102)之间限定出容置空间(307),容置空间(307)与通气孔(103)连通。

Description

转子组件及压缩机
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年9月9日提交的申请号为202111056348.9、名称为“转子组件及压缩机”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及压缩设备技术领域,特别涉及转子组件及压缩机。
背景技术
在旋转式压缩机的结构中,平衡块在旋转时形成高速旋转气流,使得冷媒中携带的油滴在离心作用下逐渐离开压缩机轴线中心,向壳体壁面运动,达到油气分离的效果。目前,润滑油易在定子近排气侧位置积存,形成二次油滴来源,造成吐油量大、油池油面下降。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种转子组件,能够降低压缩机的润滑油排出量。
本发明还提出一种具有上述转子组件的压缩机。
根据本发明的第一方面实施例的转子组件,包括曲轴、转子铁芯、平衡块和挡油罩,所述转子铁芯,设有通气孔,所述通气孔沿所述转子铁芯的轴向贯穿所述转子铁芯;所述平衡块,位于所述转子铁芯的靠近所述压缩机的油池的一端;所述挡油罩,罩设于所述平衡块的外侧,设有容置所述曲轴穿过的中心开孔,并且所述挡油罩与所述转子铁芯之间限定出容置空间,所述容置空间与所述通气孔连通。
根据本发明实施例的转子组件,至少具有如下有益效果:平衡块的旋转会导致其旋转区域的气体被推至外侧,在旋转区域形成局部负压。平衡块被挡油罩覆盖时,挡油罩的中心孔处存在局部低压,挡油罩的内壁面由于冷媒无法顺畅流出,在侧壁附近因滞止效应形成局部高压,这会推动冷媒通过通气孔从靠近挡油罩侧向远离挡油罩侧流动,达到提高通气孔流量的效果。而转子处于高速旋转的状态,冷媒携带的油滴可以在通过通气孔的过程中被分离出来,在其出口处被集中的甩到转子外侧,并从定子外缘与壳体内壁面之间的气隙回落到油池,从而降低吐油量。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述挡油罩包括挡油部和安装部,所述挡油部呈圆环形,所述安装部设于所述挡油部的远离所述转子铁芯的一端,所述安装部连接于所述平衡块。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述挡油部与所述转子铁芯的最小轴向间隙不超过0.5mm。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述挡油部与所述转子铁芯的最小轴向间隙不超过0.1mm。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述安装部通过粘结的方式或通过螺钉固定于所述平衡块。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述通气孔的最大内切圆的直径不小于3mm。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述转子铁芯设有多个所述通气孔,多个所述通气孔沿所述转子铁芯的周向均布。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述通气孔的内边缘的旋转直径为d,所述中心开孔的直径为e,所述曲轴与所述安装部对应的部分的直径为f,e≥d且e≥f+4。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述平衡块的最小回转直径为D,所述中心开孔的直径为e,e≤D。
根据本发明的第二方面实施例的压缩机,包括本发明的第一方面实施例的转子组件。
根据本发明实施例的压缩机,至少具有如下有益效果:通过采用本发明的第一方面实施例的转子组件,能够提高通气孔流量,从而提高定子外缘与壳体内壁面之间的气隙的回油能力。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,其中:
图1为本发明实施例的转子组件的示意图;
图2为图1示出的转子组件的正面剖视图;
图3为图2示出的A处放大图;
图4图3出的挡油罩的结构示意图;
图5为图1示出的转子组件的俯视图;
图6为挡油罩内部的压力分布图;
图7为冲击能量与挡油罩轴向装配间隙关系图;
图8为本发明实施例的压缩机的剖视图。
附图标记:
101、曲轴;102、转子铁芯;103、通气孔;
301、平衡块;302、挡油罩;303、中心开孔;304、挡油部;305、安装部;306、螺钉;307、容置空间;
401、安装孔;
501、最大内切圆;
801、筒体;802、上盖;803、下盖;804、油池;805、静涡旋盘;806、动涡旋盘;807、主机架;808、定子组件;809、副机架。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,涉及到方位描述,例如上、下、前、后、左、右等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中,若干的含义是一个或者多个,多个的含义是两个以上,大于、小于、超过等理解为不包括本数,以上、以下、以内等理解为包括本数。如果有描述到第一、第二只是用于区分技术特征为目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的先后关系。
本发明的描述中,除非另有明确的限定,设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解,所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本发明中的具体含义。
目前,在旋转式压缩机的结构中,压缩机包括壳体、电机和压缩机构,封闭的壳体内形成内部腔体,电机和压缩机构均设在腔体内且通过曲轴相连,电机工作的过程中通过曲轴驱动压缩机构对制冷剂进行压缩作业。
电机包含定子、转子及其组件,该腔体一般被电机分隔为三个部分,分别为电机下腔,电机腔和电机上腔。在大多数场合下,被压缩至高压的冷媒需要经过电机腔才能进入到压缩机的排出口,进入到空调系统中。
作为压缩机的核心部件,电机为压缩机提供旋转动力,其性能直接影响着压缩机的性能。压缩机包括电机和位于电机轴向一端的压缩结构,压缩结构内的高压腔中的冷媒以及压缩机内部的润滑油会流经电机。
电机中的转子相对于定子高速旋转时,压缩结构一端的冷媒和润滑油的油气混合物会流动至转子的轴向端面上,同时受到转子高速旋转过程产生离心力的作用,油气混合物会被甩至压缩机的壳体处,进而通过壳体上的排气口排向外界,从而影响压缩机的吐油量。
电机的转子在压缩机工作时处于高速旋转状态,转子的轴向两端中的至少一端设置有平衡块,平衡块一般具有不规则外形。下面以转子的轴向两端各设置一个平衡块为例进行说明。
压缩机构将低温冷媒压缩成高压油气混合物排除到壳体中,壳体中高压油气混合物流经转子上的气流中心开孔后到达排气管。其中,在转子带动其上下两端的平衡块回转工作的过程中,平衡块会对壳体内的气流造成搅动,平衡块在旋转时形成高速旋转气流,使得冷媒中携带的油滴在离心作用下逐渐离开压缩机轴线中心,向壳体的侧壁面运动,达到油气分离的效果。
而上部平衡块背风端处形成低压区、下部平衡块迎风端处形成高压区,这样,靠近上部平衡块低压区和靠近下部平衡块高压区处的气流中心开孔的冷媒抽吸量很大,造成冷媒携带大量润滑油吐出,从而导致压缩机的吐油率激增、流场混乱、能效低。
此外压缩机的润滑油在冷媒携带作用下会散布在压缩机内的各处,其是否能够快速回到油池,保证一定的运行油面,是压缩机润滑可靠,正常运转的重要保证。
在离心作用下,润滑油趋向于聚集在壳体内壁面附近,润滑油回到油池的主要通道是电机定子外缘与壳体内壁面形成的气隙,压缩机的油池位于壳体的底部。为确保润滑油通过该气隙回落到油池,一般希望气隙内的冷媒流动与回油方向同向,以起到促进回油的作用。
否则润滑油易在定子近排气侧位置积存,形成二次油滴来源,造成吐油量大、油池油面下降的后果。此时就需要通过电机转子的上下压力特性,来调节其冷媒流通能力,实现改善润滑油在气隙处流动性,提高回油效率的效果。
参照图1至图3所示,可以理解的是,本发明实施例的转子组件,包括曲轴101、转子铁芯102、平衡块301和挡油罩302,曲轴101穿设于转子铁芯102,平衡块301安装在转子铁芯102的下端,即平衡块301位于转子铁芯102的靠近油池804(参照图8所示)的一端,挡油罩302安装在平衡块301上,并且,挡油罩302覆盖平衡块301,挡油罩302上还设置有中心开孔303,曲轴101穿设于中心开孔303。转子铁芯102上设置有贯穿转子铁芯102的通气孔103,通气孔103的轴向与转子铁芯102的轴向平行,即通气孔103沿转子铁芯102的轴向贯穿转子铁芯102。并且挡油罩302与转子铁芯之间102限定出容置空间307,容置空间307与通气孔103连通,以使得润滑油能够从容置空间307进入到通气孔103,并从通气孔103排出。
需要说明的是,挡油罩302也可以安装在曲轴101上,只要能够保证包住平衡块301,保证挡油罩302内壁面形成高压的效果即可。
可以理解的是,平衡块301的旋转会导致其旋转区域的气体被推至外侧,在旋转区域形成局部负压。因此在转子的上下两侧都存在局部负压,当一侧的负压更低,形成压差时,冷媒即会从高压一侧流向低压一次,压差越大,流量越大。
参照图6所示,可以理解的是,因为挡油罩302的另外一部分是和平衡块301接触的,可以认为和平衡块301接触的这部分区域,不受气流的作用,故挡油罩302的内部的压力分布仅仅分析没有与平衡块301接触的这部分区域。
参照图6所示,可以理解的是,在挡油罩302的内部,靠近挡油罩302的侧壁面压力较高,而中心部分压力较低,正是这样的压力分布特征导致其能够为转子铁芯102的通气孔103底部入口提供高压,让冷媒自通气孔103下端向上流动。
参照图6所示,可以理解的是,在图中左上角的区域,颜色较深的位置,为平衡块301的迎风面所对应的位置,气流冲击平衡块301的头部,造成气流的滞止,产生高压。参照图6所示,该位置的压力达到6.701e04Pa-7.223e04Pa之间,即达到67010Pa-72230Pa。
参照图6所示,可以理解的是,在图中右下角的区域,颜色较深的位置,为平衡块301的背风面所对应的位置,也即下方较小的弧形部与上方较大的弧形部交接的位置,平衡块301旋转,在背风面位置形成空间的相对增大,产生低压。参照图6所示,该位置的压力达到2.005e4Pa-2.527e4Pa之间,即达到20050Pa-25270Pa。
可以理解的是,本发明实施例的转子组件,挡油罩302覆盖平衡块301,挡油罩302的中心处存在局部低压,即中心开孔303处存在局部低压,而挡油罩302的内侧壁面阻挡冷媒,使得冷媒无法顺畅流出,在侧壁附近因滞止效应形成局部高压,这会推动冷媒从有挡油罩302的一侧向没有挡油罩302的一侧流动,即推动冷媒从通气孔103的靠近挡油罩302的一侧向远离挡油罩302的一侧流动,达到提高冷媒流量的效果。
而转子处于高速旋转的状态,冷媒携带的油滴可以在通过通气孔103的过程中被分离出来,在通气孔103的出口处被集中的甩到转子外侧,也即油滴在离心力的作用下,从通气孔103的远离油罩的一侧,沿转子铁芯102的径向流动,从而降低了吐油量。
并且,由于增大了冷媒的流量,从而可以带动润滑油沿着定子外缘与壳体内壁面形成的气隙,流回到油池804,起到促进回油的作用。
本发明实施例的转子组件,通过在转子铁芯102上设置沿转子铁芯102的轴向贯穿转子铁芯102的通气孔103,并且在平衡块301处增设了罩设在平衡块301外侧的挡油罩302,从而利用转子的上下压力差特性,提高通气孔103的冷媒流量,从而提高定子切边(定子外缘与壳体内壁面之间的气隙)的回油能力,降低吐油量。
参照表1所示,表1表示电机通流量改善效果。通过试验对比了改善前的方案、单独增加挡油罩302的方案以及增加挡油罩302、转子通气孔103组合的方案的效果,通过通流占比这一参数指标进行参考。其中,通流占比,其物理意义是指经过定子-转子通气孔103在排气的冷媒量占压缩机总排气量的质量百分比。
表1电机通流量改善效果
方案 通流占比%
改善前 19.2
单独增加挡油罩 4.6
增加挡油罩、转子通气孔组合 67.2
参照表1所示,可以理解的是,改善前的通流占比为19.2%,单独增加挡油罩302的通流占比为4.6%,而增加挡油罩302、转子通气孔103组合的通流占比为67.2%。因为仅仅增加挡油罩302的,而没有在转子铁芯102上设置通气孔103,无法推动冷媒从转子铁芯102的靠近挡油罩302的一侧向远离挡油罩302的一侧流动,反而使得冷媒存储在挡油罩302中,降低了冷媒流量,所以单独增加挡油罩302的方案相比于改善前的方案通流占比反而下降。
而增加挡油罩302、转子通气孔103组合的方案,通过挡油罩302的内侧壁面阻挡冷媒,使得冷媒无法顺畅流出,在侧壁附近因滞止效应形成局部高压,再结合转子铁芯102上设置有沿转子铁芯102的轴向贯穿转子铁芯102的通气孔103,通过通气孔103引导冷媒从有挡油罩302的一侧向没有挡油罩302的一侧流动,即推动冷媒从通气孔103的靠近挡油罩302的一侧向远离挡油罩302的一侧流动,达到提高冷媒流量的效果。
由于增大了冷媒的流量,从而可以使得冷媒更加容易带动润滑油沿着定子外缘与壳体内壁面形成的气隙,流回到油池804,起到促进回油的作用。
表2吐油量改善效果
Figure PCTCN2021127944-appb-000001
参照表2所示,表2表示三个不同机型的吐油量改善效果。具体地,试验分别对比了机型1、机型2和机型3在改善前和改善后的测量得到的吐油量。这三个机型是高背压,但是 排量不同的涡旋压缩机。其中,改善后的方案即为本发明实施例的转子组件,包括带通气孔103的转子铁芯102和设置在平衡块301上设置挡油罩302。
参照表2所示,可以理解的是,机型1在改进前测得的吐油量为4.7%,在改进后测得的吐油量为3.2%,吐油量下降了1.5%。机型2在改进前测得的吐油量为5.6%,在改进后测得的吐油量为3.3%,吐油量下降了2.3%。机型3在改进前测得的吐油量为5.0%,在改进后测得的吐油量为3.0%,吐油量下降了2%。
由上述分析可知,虽然在不同的机型上,改进后的吐油量下降幅度不尽相同,但都具有明显的改善效果,也就是说,本发明实施例的转子组件使得吐油量明显降低,能效显著提升。
参照图2和图3所示,可以理解的是,挡油罩302包括挡油部304和安装部305,安装部305位于转子与压缩机油池804之间,即安装部305位于平衡块301的靠近油池804的一端,也即安装部305位于平衡块301的远离转子铁芯102的一端,可以理解的是,安装部305可以减少气流从挡油罩302的中心开孔303处流出,保证挡油罩302内壁面形成高压的效果,增加电机的通流量。
参照图3所示,可以理解的是,挡油部304呈圆环状,并位于平衡块301的外周侧,阻挡润滑油从平衡块301的外周侧脱离挡油罩302所围成的区域,安装部305设置于挡油部304的下边缘,并且安装部305连接在平衡块301上。
参照图3和图4所示,可以理解的是,安装部305上设置有安装孔401,通过螺钉306固定在平衡块301上,即螺钉306穿过安装孔401,然后螺纹连接在平衡块301上。通过螺钉306安装,可以实现快捷装配和拆卸,从而便于进行清理挡油罩302或者更换挡油罩302。
参照图3所示,可以理解的是,安装部305可以与挡油部304形成一个接近垂直的夹角,即可以理解为,安装部305从挡油部304的远离转子铁芯102的一端朝向转子铁芯102的中心处弯折,也即挡油部304延伸至平衡块301的端面处,安装部305沿着转子铁芯102的径向,朝向转子铁芯102的轴向延伸,在安装部305上设置安装孔401,通过螺钉306固定在平衡块301的端面上。
另外,需要说明的是,安装部305还可以通过粘结的方式固定在平衡块301上,即安装部305粘结于平衡块301上,当然,贴合于平衡块301上的挡油部304也可以粘结于平衡块301上,又或者安装部305和挡油部304均粘结于平衡块301上。
挡油部304位于安装部305的远离转子铁芯102的轴线的一端,挡油部304朝向平衡块301的侧面延伸,并贴合在平衡块301的侧面上,通过设置挡油部304阻挡冷媒,使得冷媒无法顺畅流出,在侧壁附近因滞止效应形成局部高压,这会推动冷媒从有挡油罩302的一侧 向没有挡油罩302的一侧流动,即推动冷媒从通气孔103的靠近挡油罩302的一侧向远离油罩的一侧流动,达到提高冷媒流量的效果。
参照图3所示,可以理解的是,在转子铁芯102的轴向上,挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离为L,根据技术原理说明,在挡油罩302的侧壁面存在高压,如果装配间隙过大,也即挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L过大,将加大局部的泄露量,存在向外流动的高速气流,并且对电机下部气流形成冲击,最终导致油面的不稳定和吐油的恶化,因此,合理设置挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L,对保持油面的稳定性和减少吐油的恶化,具有重要意义。
参照图7所示,可以理解的是,图7表示不同的挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L以及对应的泄露气流冲击功率的仿真结果,横坐标表示不同的轴向装配间隙,即挡油部304与转子铁芯102在转子铁芯102的轴向上的最小距离L,纵坐标表示泄露气流冲击功率,柱状图表示三种轴向转配间隙下的泄露气流的冲击能量(功率)。
参照图7所示,可以理解的是,当挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L为0.1mm时,泄露气流冲击功率为25W,当挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L为0.5mm时,泄露气流冲击功率为79W,当挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L为1.5mm时,泄露气流冲击功率为90W。
可以理解的是,在一些实施例中,设定挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小轴向间隙不超过0.5mm,即设定挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L小于或等于0.5mm,可以改善局部的泄露的现象,减少向外流动的高速气流,进而减少对电机下部气流形成冲击,维持油面的稳定性和减少吐油的恶化。
可以理解的是,在一些实施例中,设定挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小轴向间隙不超过0.1mm,即设定挡油部304与转子铁芯102的最小距离L小于或等于0.1mm,可以明显改善局部的泄露的现象,并明显减少向外流动的高速气流,进而减少对电机下部气流形成冲击,维持油面的稳定性和减少吐油的恶化,基本可保证泄露是可以接受的。
参照图5所示,可以理解的是,在通气孔103的横截面中,通气孔103呈弯曲的长条孔状,即通气孔103的长条边呈圆弧状,圆弧的圆心与转子铁芯102的圆心重合,两条长条边的端部通过半圆形的短边连接,从而围成一个封闭的弧形线构成的通气孔103,在通气孔103内能够绘制最大内切圆501,该最大内切圆501的直径为φ,根据多次试验表明,当最大内切圆501的直径φ不小于3mm,即φ大于或等于3mm时,冷媒和润滑油流出较为通畅。而如果最大内切圆501的直径φ小于3mm,通道容易被润滑油堵住,降低冷媒流通能力。
需要说明的是,通气孔103也可也是其他形状,例如是腰型孔(腰型孔也称为长圆孔,腰形孔的两端是半圆弧,中间是平行平面,最大内切圆501的直径φ等于半圆弧的直径)、圆形孔(最大内切圆501的直径φ等于圆形孔的直径)、方形孔(最大内切圆501的直径φ等于方形孔的最短边的长度)或异形孔等。
参照图5所示,可以理解的是,转子铁芯102上设置有多个通气孔103,即转子铁芯102的通气孔103的数量至少有两个,多个通气孔103沿转子铁芯102的周向均布。转子铁芯102上下端面的压差促进通气冷媒流量的增加的前提是转子具有轴向贯通的通气孔103,设置多个通气孔103可以增大通气冷媒流量,并且,多个通气孔103沿转子铁芯102的周向均布可以使得冷媒对转子铁芯102的作用力更加均匀,减少因通气孔103分布不均而造成的偏心力。
例如,参照图5所示,转子铁芯102上均匀分布了六个通气孔103,转子铁芯102上下端面的压差促进通气冷媒从六个通气孔103处流出,增加了通气冷媒流量,并且,六个通气孔103沿转子铁芯102的周向均布,使得六个通气孔103处流出的通气冷媒流量也相对均匀,从而使得转子铁芯102在周向上受力均匀,减少偏心力的产生。
需要说明的是,转子铁芯102上还可以设置其他数量的通气孔103,例如,两个、三个、四个或五个以上,以上附图只是举例说明,并不是作为对本发明实施例的限制。
参照图5所示,可以理解的是,在转子铁芯102旋转时,通气孔103的内边缘和外边缘分别形成两个回转轨迹,其中,通气孔103的内边缘所形成的回转轨迹的直径为d。
参照图3所示,可以理解的是,挡油罩302的安装部305水平设置,可以理解为安装部305处于一个参考平面内,则该参考平面与曲轴101相交,相交所形成的截面形状即为曲轴101在该参考平面的横截面,在该位置的横截面中,曲轴101的直径为f。
需要说明的是,实际产品中,安装部305具有一定的厚度,当曲轴101的锥面段与上述的参考平面相交时,参考平面指的是,安装部305的中间位置所在的平面,即安装部305的上平面和下平面的中间位置所在的平面为参考平面。
参照图3所示,可以理解的是,挡油罩302的中心开孔303的直径为e,中心开孔303由安装部305所限定而成,或者理解为中心开孔303是设置在安装部305上。那么,中心开孔303的位置与曲轴101的位置相对应,中心开孔303的直径e与曲轴101的直径f的差值大于等于4(mm),也即e≥f+4(mm)。另外,参照图3和图5所示,可以理解的是,中心开孔303的直径e大于等于d,也即e≥d。
通过设置e≥f+4(mm),使得曲轴101和挡油罩302之间具有足够大的空间,让足够的冷媒进入到挡油罩302所限定的空间中,也即设置中心开孔303的直径足够大,让冷媒从中心开孔303进入,减少挡油罩302对冷媒进入方向的阻挡。所以,e≥f+4(mm)限定了挡油 罩302的中心开孔303与曲轴101形成的环形通道的间隙不低于4mm,是保证其通流能力,使阻力不至太大。
通过设置e≥d,使得挡油罩302减少对通气孔103的阻挡,从而可以使得部分冷媒直接从中心开孔303进入,然后在转子铁芯102的上下压差的作用下直接进入到通气孔103中,并从通气孔103的上端排出,从而不需要被气流吹到挡油罩302的侧壁,减少运动距离,提高冷媒的排出效率。所以,e≥d是为了保证挡油罩302内中心开孔303与曲轴101间的通道,能够与通气孔103的轴向投影面有重合,如果无重合,则会导致气流进入转子铁芯102的流动路径增加,降低转子铁芯102的通气流量。
参照图3所示,可以理解的是,平衡块301的最小回转半径为R,则平衡块301的最小回转直径为D等于2R,中心开孔303的直径e与平衡块301的最小回转直径D满足条件:中心开孔303的直径e小于或等于平衡块301的最小回转直径D,即e≤D。
通过设置e≤D,使得挡油罩302的中心开孔303的直径小于平衡块301的内壁面直径,进而使得挡油罩302的安装部305与平衡块301之间减少从中心开孔303流出的气流量,保证挡油罩302的内壁面形成高压的效果,从而增加电机通流量。
本发明实施例的压缩机,包括本发明实施例的转子组件。本发明实施例的压缩机,通过采用本发明的第一方面实施例的转子组件,能够提高通气孔103流量,从而提高定子外缘与壳体内壁面之间的气隙的回油能力。
需要说明的是,本发明实施例的压缩机可以包括涡旋压缩机和滚动转子压缩机等,其中,滚动转子压缩机属于旋转式压缩机的一种。
参照图8所示,以涡旋压缩机为例,涡旋压缩机包括壳体、压缩组件、电机组件、曲轴101(轴部)以及其他部件。
壳体包括筒体801、上盖802以及下盖803。筒体801沿轴向被贯通。上盖802设置在筒体801的上部,并通过例如焊接的方式,固定到筒体801的上部。下盖803设置在筒体801的下部,并通过例如焊接的方式,固定到筒体801的下部。由此,筒体801、上盖802以及下盖803共同形成一个密闭的安装空间。压缩组件、电机组件、曲轴101等部件分别安装在该安装空间内。壳体的下盖803的朝下凹陷,由此,在壳体的底部形成用于储存润滑油的油池804。
压缩组件固定在壳体内。压缩组件主要包括静涡旋盘805、动涡旋盘806以及主机架807。其中,静涡旋盘805包括静盘体,以及从静盘体延伸并呈螺旋线状的静涡旋齿。动涡旋盘806包括动盘体以及从动盘体延伸并呈螺旋线状的动涡旋齿。通过静涡旋盘805上的静涡旋齿和动涡旋盘806上的动涡旋齿相互啮合,由此形成压缩腔。
静盘体、壳体的筒体801和壳体的上盖802共同围设形成排气腔。排气腔位于静盘体的上方。此外,静盘体设置有排气口和进气口。排气口连通压缩腔与排气腔。排气口可以设置在静盘体的上部的中间,排气口用于将压缩腔的高压区高压冷媒排至排气腔内。进气口设置在静盘体的边缘,用于连通压缩腔和吸气管。
主机架807安装在动涡旋盘806的下部。主机架807和静涡旋盘805以及动涡旋盘806共同形成背压室。在一些示例中,背压室呈环形地设置。背压室内填充有气体,该气体既可以是来自压缩腔内的冷媒,也可以是来自涡旋压缩机的外部设备提供的气体。该气体对动涡旋盘806的动盘体提供背压力,从而使动涡旋盘806和静涡旋盘805密封地抵接。
电机组件包括定子组件808和转子组件。其中,定子组件808固定在壳体的筒体801的内壁面上,转子组件位于定子组件808的中部。曲轴101穿过转子组件的中部的轴孔,并固定在转子组件上。在涡旋压缩机通电时,定子组件808驱动转子组件转动,曲轴101随着转子组件的转动而转动。
为了抑制曲轴101在转动时所产生的跳动,筒体801在电机组件的下方,安装有副机架809,副机架809固定在壳体的筒体801上。曲轴101的第一端部穿过副机架809,并朝下盖803的方向延伸。由此,副机架809沿曲轴101的径向支撑曲轴101,从而抑制曲轴101转动时产生的跳动。
曲轴101的轴向的第二端部和动盘体的下部传动连接。由此,曲轴101转动时,带动动盘体进行偏心回转运动。随着动盘体的偏心回转运动,动涡旋齿也同时进行偏心回转运动。由此,动涡旋盘806上的动涡旋齿和静涡旋盘805上的静涡旋齿的相对位置不断变化,从而使压缩腔的大小不断变化,进而使压缩腔内的低压冷媒被压缩成高压冷媒。形成的高压冷媒通过涡旋压缩机的排气管被排出,由此对制冷设备提供制冷介质。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明范围的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (10)

  1. 转子组件,其特征在于,应用于压缩机,包括:
    曲轴;
    转子铁芯,设有通气孔,所述通气孔沿所述转子铁芯的轴向贯穿所述转子铁芯;
    平衡块,设置于所述转子铁芯的靠近所述压缩机的油池的一端;
    挡油罩,罩设于所述平衡块的外侧,设有容置所述曲轴穿过的中心开孔,并且所述挡油罩与所述转子铁芯之间限定出容置空间,所述容置空间与所述通气孔连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转子组件,其中,所述挡油罩包括挡油部和安装部,所述挡油部呈圆环形,所述安装部设于所述挡油部的远离所述转子铁芯的一端,所述安装部连接于所述平衡块。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转子组件,其中,所述挡油部与所述转子铁芯的最小轴向间隙不超过0.5mm。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的转子组件,其中,所述挡油部与所述转子铁芯的最小轴向间隙不超过0.1mm。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的转子组件,其中,所述安装部通过粘结的方式或通过螺钉固定于所述平衡块。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的转子组件,其中,所述通气孔的最大内切圆的直径不小于3mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的转子组件,其中,所述转子铁芯设有多个所述通气孔,多个所述通气孔沿所述转子铁芯的周向均布。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的转子组件,其中,所述通气孔的内边缘的旋转直径为d,所述中心开孔的直径为e,所述曲轴与所述安装部对应的部分的直径为f,e≥d且e≥f+4。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的转子组件,其中,所述平衡块的最小回转直径为D,所述中心开孔的直径为e,e≤D。
  10. 压缩机,其中,包括权利要求1至9任一项所述的转子组件。
PCT/CN2021/127944 2021-09-09 2021-11-01 转子组件及压缩机 WO2023035382A1 (zh)

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