WO2023035162A1 - 动力电池充电的方法和电池管理系统 - Google Patents
动力电池充电的方法和电池管理系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023035162A1 WO2023035162A1 PCT/CN2021/117312 CN2021117312W WO2023035162A1 WO 2023035162 A1 WO2023035162 A1 WO 2023035162A1 CN 2021117312 W CN2021117312 W CN 2021117312W WO 2023035162 A1 WO2023035162 A1 WO 2023035162A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a method for charging a power battery and a battery management system.
- Embodiments of the present application provide a power battery charging method and a battery management system, which can improve the safety performance of the power battery.
- a method for charging a power battery which is characterized in that it includes: during the charging process of the power battery, obtaining the actual charging current of the power battery; according to the extent to which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current, Determine whether to control the power battery to discharge.
- the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current, it is determined whether to control the discharge of the power battery, which is conducive to suppressing lithium deposition without affecting the charging efficiency of the battery, achieving the purpose of safe and fast charging, thereby improving the safety of the power battery performance.
- determining whether to control the power battery to discharge according to the extent to which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current includes: When the ratio of the difference between the charging request current and the charging request current is greater than the first threshold, it is determined to control the power battery to discharge.
- the size of the charging request current usually has a certain margin within the safety performance of the power battery, it can be used when the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current. Controlling the discharge of the power battery to a certain extent can minimize the impact on charging efficiency while reducing the risk of lithium deposition in the power battery.
- determining whether to control the power battery to discharge according to the degree to which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current includes: When the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than the first threshold, determine the ampere-hour integral of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current; when the ampere-hour integral is greater than the second In the case of the threshold value, it is determined to control the power battery to discharge.
- the actual charging current of the power battery exceeds the charging request current to a certain extent it is beneficial to judge that the power battery’s overcharging capacity is greater than a certain threshold. Accurately and timely reduce the risk of lithium analysis in power batteries.
- the method further includes: when it is determined to control the power battery to discharge, sending the first charging request information to the charging pile , the first charging request information is used to request that the charging current is 0; if the collected actual charging current of the power battery is less than or equal to a third threshold, control the power battery to discharge.
- the power battery is then controlled to be discharged, which is conducive to improving the inhibition effect of power battery discharge on battery lithium formation.
- the method further includes: when the duration that the first charging request information has been sent is greater than or equal to the first preset time interval In the case of , control the power battery to stop discharging.
- the method further includes: when controlling the power battery to discharge for a duration greater than or equal to the second preset time interval Next, control the power battery to stop discharging.
- Controlling the discharge of the power battery within a certain period of time can minimize the impact on charging efficiency under the premise of suppressing lithium deposition, and at the same time avoid abnormal drawing of the gun due to long-term discharge.
- the method further includes: in the case of controlling the power battery to stop discharging, based on the charging matching table, sending the first Two charging request information, the second charging request information is used to request the charging pile to charge the power battery.
- a battery management system including: an acquisition module, used to acquire the actual charging current of the power battery during the charging process of the power battery; a determination module, used to exceed the charging request current according to the actual charging current to determine whether to control the power battery to discharge.
- the determining module is specifically configured to: when the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than a first threshold In the case of , it is determined to control the power battery to discharge.
- the determination module is specifically configured to: when the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than the first threshold In the case of , determine the ampere-hour integral of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current; if the ampere-hour integral is greater than the second threshold, determine to control the power battery to discharge.
- the battery management system further includes: a communication module, configured to send the first charging information to the charging pile when it is determined to control the power battery to discharge Request information, the first charging request information is used to request that the charging current is 0; the control module is used to control the power battery to discharge when the actual charging current of the power battery is less than or equal to the third threshold.
- control module is further configured to: when the duration of the first charging request information being sent is greater than or equal to the first preset time interval to control the power battery to stop discharging.
- the battery management system further includes: a control module, configured to control the power battery to discharge for a duration greater than or equal to a second preset time interval In the case of , control the power battery to stop discharging.
- the battery management system further includes: a communication module, configured to, based on the charging matching table, send a message to the charging pile when controlling the power battery to stop discharging. Sending second charging request information, where the second charging request information is used to request the charging pile to charge the power battery.
- a battery management system including a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to read the instructions and execute any possibility of the first aspect and the first aspect based on the instructions method in the implementation of .
- a readable storage medium for storing a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the above first aspect and the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a battery system applicable to embodiments of the present application.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a method for charging a power battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a method for charging a power battery disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a method for charging a power battery disclosed in yet another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of current variation with time disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for charging a power battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for charging a power battery disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a battery management system disclosed by an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a battery management system disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
- lithium ions will be deintercalated from the positive electrode and intercalated into the negative electrode, but when some abnormal conditions occur (for example, charging the battery at a low temperature, or charging the battery with a large charging rate or charging voltage If the lithium ions deintercalated from the positive electrode cannot be inserted into the negative electrode, then the lithium ions can only be precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode, thus forming a layer of gray substance. This phenomenon is called lithium precipitation.
- Lithium analysis not only reduces the performance of the battery, greatly shortens the cycle life, but also limits the fast charging capacity of the battery, and may cause catastrophic consequences such as combustion and explosion.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a power battery charging method, which is beneficial to solve the problem of lithium analysis of the power battery, thereby improving the performance of the power battery.
- Fig. 1 shows a battery system 100 applicable to the embodiments of the present application.
- the battery system 100 may include: a power battery 110 and a battery management system (battery management system, BMS) 120 .
- BMS battery management system
- the power battery 110 may include at least one battery module, which can provide energy and power for the electric vehicle.
- the power battery 110 can be lithium ion battery, lithium metal battery, lead acid battery, nickel battery, nickel metal hydride battery, lithium sulfur battery, lithium air battery or sodium ion battery, etc., implemented in this application
- the battery module in the power battery 110 can be a battery cell/battery cell, or a battery pack or battery pack.
- the example There is no specific limitation in the example.
- the battery system 100 is generally equipped with a BMS 120 connected to the power battery 110 for monitoring and collecting power battery 110, and the BMS 120 can also realize the control and management of the power battery 110 according to the parameters.
- the BMS 120 can be used to monitor parameters such as voltage, current and temperature of the power battery 110.
- the BMS 120 can collect the total voltage and total current of the power battery 110 in real time, the voltage and current of a single battery cell in the power battery 110, and the temperature of at least one temperature measurement point in the power battery 110, etc.
- the real-time, fast and accurate measurement of the above parameters is the basis for the normal operation of BMS120.
- the BMS 120 can further estimate the state of charge (state of charge, SOC), state of health (state of health, SOH), power state (state of power) of the power battery 110 according to the collected parameters of the power battery 110. , SOP) and other parameters.
- the BMS 120 acquires various parameters of the power battery 110
- various control and management of the power battery 110 can be realized according to the various parameters.
- the BMS 120 can control the charging and discharging of the power battery 110 according to parameters such as SOC, voltage, and current, so as to ensure the normal energy supply and release of the power battery 110.
- the BMS 120 can also control components such as a cooling fan or a heating module according to parameters such as temperature, so as to realize thermal management of the power battery 110 .
- the BMS 120 can also judge whether the power battery 110 is in a normal operating state according to parameters such as voltage and SOH, so as to realize fault diagnosis and early warning of the power battery 110.
- the battery system 100 may establish a connection with a charging device 101 and an electrical device 102 to realize charging and discharging of the power battery 100 .
- the charging device 101 may include, but is not limited to, a charging pile, and may also be called a charging machine.
- the electric device 102 may include, but is not limited to, a power car or an external device.
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a method 200 for charging a power battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
- the power battery in the embodiment of the present application may be the power battery 110 shown in FIG. 1, and the method 200 may be applied to the BMS 120 in the battery system 100 shown in FIG. It may be performed by the BMS 120 in the battery system 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
- the method 200 includes part or all of the following:
- S220 Determine whether to control the power battery to discharge according to the extent to which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current.
- the BMS when the BMS is physically connected to the charging pile and powered on, turn on the low-voltage auxiliary power supply, enter the handshake startup phase, send a handshake message, and then perform insulation monitoring. After the insulation monitoring is completed, it enters the handshake identification stage, and both parties can send identification messages to determine the necessary information of the power battery and charging pile.
- the charging pile and BMS After the charging handshake phase is completed, the charging pile and BMS enter the charging parameter configuration phase. At this stage, the charging pile can send a message about the maximum output capability of the charging pile to the BMS, so that the BMS can judge whether charging can be performed according to the maximum output capability of the charging pile. After the charging parameter configuration phase is completed, the charging pile and BMS can enter the charging phase.
- the BMS will send the battery charging demand to the charging pile, and then the charging pile can adjust the charging voltage and charging current according to the battery charging demand to ensure the normal charging process.
- the battery charge demand would carry a charge request current.
- the charging pile will output current to the power battery based on the charging request current sent by the BMS, and the BMS can collect the charging current of the power battery, that is, the actual charging current in the embodiment of the present application.
- the BMS can adjust the charging request current in real time, and send the adjusted charging request current to the charging pile. Then the BMS can also collect the actual charging current of the power battery in real time. That is to say, as long as the charging request current changes, the BMS can collect the actual charging current of the power battery.
- the BMS can still periodically collect the actual charging current of the power battery.
- the actual charging current of the power battery is less than or equal to the charging request current, there will be no phenomenon of lithium deposition in the battery.
- the actual charging current of the power battery has uncontrollable noise and fluctuations, and the actual charging current of the power battery will be greater than the charging request current, which is very likely to cause lithium deposition in the battery. There is a security risk.
- the battery will cause lithium deposition.
- the charging request current is usually determined within the charging capacity of the battery. That is to say, even if the actual charging current is greater than the charging request current, as long as it does not exceed the charging capacity of the battery, it will not cause lithium deposition in the battery, that is, as long as the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current to a certain extent, it will not cause the battery Analyze lithium.
- controlling the power battery to discharge can promote lithium metal reintercalation and inhibit the continuous accumulation of precipitated lithium metal.
- controlling the discharge of the power battery will affect the charging efficiency of the power battery. Therefore, according to the degree to which the actual charging current of the power battery exceeds the charging request current, it is determined whether to control the power battery to discharge, which will not affect the charging efficiency of the power battery too much, and can also inhibit the battery from decomposing lithium.
- the power battery is not controlled to discharge, that is, the power battery is controlled to continue charging; and if the actual charging current of the power battery exceeds the charging request current to a certain extent Above, control the power battery to discharge.
- the power battery when it is determined to control the power battery to discharge, the power battery may be immediately controlled to discharge.
- controlling the power battery to discharge does not refer to continuously discharging until the power of the power battery is 0, but refers to controlling the power battery to discharge with a certain current and a certain duration. After controlling the discharge of the power battery, continue to control the power battery to charge, and repeat steps 210 and 220 until the charging ends.
- the power battery charging method of the embodiment of the present application according to the degree to which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current, it is determined whether to control the power battery to discharge, which is conducive to suppressing lithium analysis without affecting the battery charging efficiency and achieving safety. , fast charging purpose, which can improve the safety performance of the power battery.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a method 300 for charging a power battery disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
- the power battery in the embodiment of the present application may be the power battery 110 shown in FIG. 1, and the method 300 may be applied to the BMS 120 in the battery system 100 shown in FIG. It may be performed by the BMS 120 in the battery system 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
- the method 300 includes some or all of the following:
- S320 Determine to control the power battery to discharge when the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than a first threshold.
- step S310 reference may be made to step S210 in the method 200, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
- step S320 the BMS can determine to control the power battery to discharge based on the following formula:
- ia represents the actual charging current of the power battery
- io represents the charging request current
- TH1 represents the first threshold
- the first threshold can also be obtained based on a critical value.
- the critical value can be considered as the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current at the moment when the lithium analysis begins to appear, and the charging request current.
- the critical value may be an empirical value, that is, the critical value may be obtained through multiple tests.
- the first threshold is set to be smaller than the critical value, and as long as the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than the first threshold, the power battery is controlled to discharge, which can better reduce the analysis. Lithium risk.
- the first threshold is set to be less than the critical value. If the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than the first threshold, it is determined to control the power battery to discharge, but not immediately Control the power battery to discharge, but after a certain time interval, then control the power battery to discharge. That is to say, when it is judged for the first time that the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than the first threshold, it is determined to control the power battery to discharge and start the timer. The ratio of the difference of the charging request current to the charging request current is always greater than the first threshold, and after the timer expires, the power battery is controlled to discharge. The duration of the timer may be, for example, 5 minutes.
- the size of the charging request current usually has a certain margin within the safety performance of the power battery, it can be used when the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current. Controlling the discharge of the power battery to a certain extent can minimize the impact on charging efficiency while reducing the risk of lithium deposition in the power battery.
- Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a method 400 for charging a power battery disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
- the power battery in the embodiment of the present application may be the power battery 110 shown in FIG. 1, and the method 400 may be applied to the BMS 120 in the battery system 100 shown in FIG. It may be performed by the BMS 120 in the battery system 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
- the method 400 includes some or all of the following:
- step S410 reference may be made to step S210 in method 200, and for the first threshold in step S420, reference may be made to the description of the first threshold in method 320. For brevity, details are not repeated here.
- ampere-hour integration refers to the time integration of the current.
- the ampere-hour integral of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current can be considered as an overcharging capacity in which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current to a certain extent, and the initial value of the overcharging capacity is 0.
- ia represents the actual charging current of the power battery
- io represents the charging request current
- t0 is the moment when the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than the first threshold
- tn is the time to determine the overcharge capacity
- TH2 may represent the second threshold.
- the actual charging current of the power battery exceeds the charging request current to a certain extent it is beneficial to judge that the power battery’s overcharging capacity is greater than a certain threshold. Accurately and timely reduce the risk of lithium analysis in power batteries.
- the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is always greater than the first threshold.
- the BMS determines that the overcharge capacity obtained at time tn is less than the second threshold, before time t(n+1), the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is less than or is equal to the first threshold, then store the overcharge capacity obtained at time tn.
- the supercharge capacity refers to the ampere-hour integral of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current between tm and t(m+1), and judges the supercharge capacity obtained at time tn and the supercharged capacity obtained at time t(m+1). Whether the sum of the charging capacity is greater than the second threshold value, if greater than the second threshold value, determine to control the power battery to discharge and set the overcharge capacity as the initial value, that is, the BMS can determine the control power battery to discharge based on the following formula:
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of current variation with time in an embodiment of the present application.
- the charging request current is io
- the actual charging current is ia.
- the BMS determines that (ia-io)/io is greater than the threshold TH1, calculates the overcharge capacity at time t1 at time t1, and judges whether the overcharge capacity at time t1 is greater than the second threshold TH2, and if it is less than TH2, continue to calculate The overcharge capacity at time t2, ..., calculate the overcharge capacity at time tn.
- the BMS can update the value of the supercharge capacity stored inside it every time it calculates the supercharge capacity.
- the value of the overcharge capacity stored inside the BMS can be updated to an initial value of 0. And when the value of the overcharge capacity at the time tn is not greater than TH2, the value of the overcharge capacity stored inside the BMS is updated to the overcharge capacity C1 calculated at the time tn. It should be noted that while calculating the overcharge capacity at each moment, the BMS can also calculate the value of (ia-io)/io and compare it with TH1.
- the second threshold can be set based on aspects such as battery performance and safety requirements.
- the second threshold may be 0.5AH.
- the BMS can also start timing from determining that the actual charging current is greater than the charging request current, and calculate the overcharge capacity at a certain moment, and judge whether the overcharge capacity at this moment is greater than the second threshold. If the capacity is less than or equal to the second threshold and the actual charging current is less than or equal to the charging request current at the next moment, then save the last updated overcharging capacity and add it to the overcharging capacity obtained when the actual charging current is greater than the charging request current next time. In the charging capacity, judge with the second threshold.
- the second threshold in the embodiment in which the actual charging current is greater than the charging request current may be greater than that in the embodiment in which the ratio of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current to the charging request current is greater than the first threshold the second threshold.
- the embodiment described above in which it is judged that the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current and the ratio of the charging request current is greater than the first threshold can also be replaced by judging that the difference between the actual charging current and the charging request current is greater than
- the degree to which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current it is determined to control the power battery to discharge. adjusted in real time.
- the BMS can control the power battery to discharge based on the same discharge parameter.
- the discharge parameter can be fixed and can be configured as a current of 10A and a duration of 20s.
- the BMS may control the power battery to discharge based on the discharge parameters determined in real time, for example, the power battery discharge parameters may be determined based on the state parameters of the power battery.
- the state parameters of the power battery may include, for example, temperature, SOC, and SOH.
- the discharge parameters of the power battery may be determined based on the SOC interval in which the SOC of the power battery is located. Generally, the greater the SOC of the power battery, the higher the risk of lithium precipitation in the battery.
- the BMS can configure the discharge duration and/or discharge current corresponding to different SOC intervals in advance. For example, the discharge duration corresponding to the high SOC interval may be longer than the discharge duration corresponding to the low SOC interval. For another example, the magnitude of the discharge current corresponding to the high SOC interval may be greater than the magnitude of the discharge current corresponding to the low SOC interval.
- Dynamically adjusting the discharge parameters of the power battery based on the state parameters of the power battery can better balance the relationship between lithium analysis and charging speed, so as to better achieve fast and safe charging.
- determining the discharge parameters of the traction battery and controlling the discharge of the traction battery can be regarded as two independent steps without interfering with each other. That is to say, there is no necessary sequence relationship between determining the discharge parameters of the traction battery and controlling the discharge of the traction battery. If it is determined that the discharge parameter of the power battery is first, then control the power battery to discharge based on the determined discharge parameter; if it is determined that the discharge parameter of the power battery is later, then control the power battery to discharge based on the previously determined discharge parameter.
- the method 200 further includes: when it is determined to control the power battery to discharge, sending first charging request information to the charging pile, where the first charging request information is used to request a charging current of 0; when the collected actual charging current of the power battery is less than or equal to the third threshold, control the power battery to discharge.
- the first charging request information is similar to the battery charging requirement described above, except that the charging request current carried in the battery charging requirement is 0, that is, the first charging request information is used to request the charging pile for a charging current of 0.
- the charging pile After the charging pile receives the first charging request information, it controls the charging current output to the power battery to be 0. Since the actual charging current of the power battery gradually decreases after the BMS sends the first charging request information to the charging pile, if it controls the power battery to discharge immediately after sending the first charging request information to the charging pile, it may decrease The inhibitory effect of discharge on the lithium precipitation of the battery.
- the power battery is controlled to discharge when the actual charging current is less than or equal to the current threshold.
- the current threshold is 50A.
- the power battery it is also possible to control the power battery to discharge after a preset time after sending the first charging request information to the charging pile.
- the preset time may be based on sending the first charging request information from the BMS to the charging pile. Afterwards, it is the empirical value of the duration obtained when the actual charging current of the power battery drops to the current threshold.
- the method 200 further includes: controlling the power battery to stop discharging when the duration of the first charging request message being sent is greater than or equal to a first preset time interval.
- a timer may be started when the BMS sends the first charging request information to the charging pile, and the duration of the timer may be the first preset time interval.
- the power battery is controlled to stop discharging.
- the duration of the timer may be 60s, that is, the first preset time interval is 60s.
- the timing can be started when the BMS sends the first charging request information to the charging pile, and when the timing reaches the first preset time interval, the power battery is controlled to stop discharging.
- the first preset time interval is 60s.
- the method 200 further includes: controlling the power battery to stop discharging when the duration of controlling the power battery to discharge is greater than or equal to the second preset time interval.
- a timer may be started at the moment when the BMS controls the power battery to discharge.
- the duration of the timer may be a second preset time interval.
- the power battery is controlled to stop discharging.
- the duration of the timer may be 20s, that is, the second preset time interval is 20s.
- the timing can be started when the BMS controls the power battery to start discharging, and when the timing reaches the second preset time interval, the power battery is controlled to stop discharging.
- the second preset time interval is 20s.
- first preset time interval and the second preset time interval can be configured.
- Controlling the discharge of the power battery within a certain period of time can minimize the impact on charging efficiency under the premise of suppressing lithium deposition, and at the same time avoid abnormal drawing of the gun due to long-term discharge.
- the method 200 further includes: in the case of controlling the power battery to stop discharging, based on the charging matching table, sending the second charging request information to the charging pile, and the second charging request information is used for Request the charging pile to charge the power battery.
- the BMS when the BMS controls the power battery to stop discharging, it can send the second charging request information to the charging pile based on the charging matching table.
- the second charging request information is similar to the battery charging requirements described above.
- the second charging request information The charging request current carried in the information is not 0, that is, the charging pile is requested to output current to the power battery. That is to say, the BMS will store a charging matching table inside, which can include the corresponding relationship between the charging request current and various state parameters of the power battery.
- the BMS controls the power battery to stop discharging, it can be based on the current state of the power battery.
- the state parameter is to obtain the corresponding charging request current from the charging matching table, and send it to the charging pile through the second charging request information.
- the BMS can acquire the charging request current corresponding to the current SOC from the charging matching table. After receiving the second charging request information, the charging pile outputs a non-zero charging current to the power battery, that is, charges the power battery. Furthermore, the BMS may repeatedly perform step 210 and step 220 .
- the method 200 further includes: controlling the power battery to discharge when the power battery is in a fully charged state or in a state of drawing a gun.
- Fig. 6 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 600 for charging a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the method 600 may be executed by the BMS, and the method 600 may include the following parts to obtain all content:
- the BMS can record the charging request current io of the power battery in real time, and collect the actual charging current ia of the power battery in real time;
- step S609 If it is judged in S601 that the power battery is not in a charging state, then perform step S609;
- S604 if the judgment result in S603 is yes, then send to the charging pile a battery charging demand with a charging request current of 0, and collect the actual charging current of the power battery in real time and start timing;
- step S603 if the judgment result in S603 is no, return to step S602;
- step S607 judging whether the discharge duration of the power battery is greater than or equal to 20s, or the duration timed in step S604 is greater than or equal to 60s;
- step S607 if the judgment result in S607 is no, return to step S606;
- the method 600 ends.
- Fig. 7 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 700 for charging a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the method 700 may be executed by the BMS, and the method 700 may include the following parts to obtain all content:
- the BMS can record the charging request current of the power battery in real time, and collect the actual charging current of the power battery in real time;
- step S711 if it is determined in S701 that the power battery is not in a charging state, then perform step S711;
- step S703 if the judgment result in S703 is no, return to step S702;
- S706 if the judgment result in S705 is yes, clear the ampere-hour integral calculated in S705 to 0, and send the battery charging demand with a charging request current of 0 to the charging pile, and collect the actual charging current of the power battery in real time and start timing ;
- step S707 if the judgment result in S707 is no, return to step S706;
- step S709 judging whether the discharge duration of the power battery is greater than or equal to 20s, or the duration timed in step S704 is greater than or equal to 60s;
- the method 700 ends.
- sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application.
- the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of a battery management system 800 according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the battery management system 800 includes:
- An acquisition module 810 configured to acquire the actual charging current of the power battery during the charging process of the power battery
- a determining module 820 configured to determine whether to control the power battery to discharge according to the extent to which the actual charging current exceeds the charging request current.
- the determining module 820 is specifically configured to: determine and control the The power battery is discharged.
- the determining module 820 is specifically configured to: determine the actual The ampere-hour integral of the difference between the charging current and the charging request current; if the ampere-hour integral is greater than the second threshold, it is determined to control the power battery to discharge.
- the battery management system 800 further includes: a communication module, configured to send first charging request information to the charging pile when it is determined to control the power battery to discharge, the first charging The request information is used to request the charging current to be 0; the control module is used to control the power battery to discharge when the collected actual charging current of the power battery is less than or equal to the third threshold.
- control module is further configured to: control the power battery to stop discharging when the duration of the first charging request message being sent is greater than or equal to a first preset time interval.
- the battery management system 800 further includes: a control module, configured to control the power The battery stops discharging.
- the battery management system 800 further includes: a communication module, configured to send the second charging request information to the charging pile based on the charging matching table in the case of controlling the power battery to stop discharging,
- the second charging request information is used to request the charging pile to charge the power battery.
- the battery management system 800 may correspond to the BMS in the method embodiment of the present application, and the above-mentioned and other operations and/or functions of each unit in the battery management system 800 are to realize the 4.
- the corresponding flow of the battery management system in the methods shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 will not be repeated here.
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of a battery management system 900 according to another embodiment of the present application.
- the battery management system 900 includes a processor 910 and a memory 920, wherein the memory 920 is used to store instructions, and the processor 910 is used to read the instructions and execute the aforementioned various embodiments of the present application based on the instructions. Methods.
- the memory 920 may be an independent device independent of the processor 910 , or may be integrated in the processor 910 .
- the battery management system 900 may further include a transceiver 930 , and the processor 910 may control the transceiver 930 to communicate with other devices such as charging piles. Specifically, information or data may be sent to other devices, or information or data sent by other devices may be received.
- the embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium for storing a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the methods in the above-mentioned various embodiments of the present application.
- the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
- the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
- the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
- multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
- the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
- each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
- the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
- the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
- the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .
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Abstract
本申请实施例提供一种动力电池充电的方法和电池管理系统，该方法包括：在该动力电池的充电过程中，获取该动力电池的实际充电电流；根据该实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制该动力电池进行放电。本申请实施例的方法和电池管理系统，能够提升动力电池的安全性能。
Description
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种动力电池充电的方法和电池管理系统。
随着时代的发展，电动汽车由于其高环保性、低噪音、使用成本低等优点，具有巨大的市场前景且能够有效促进节能减排，有利社会的发展和进步。
对于电动汽车及其相关领域而言，电池技术是关乎其发展的一项重要因素，尤其是电池的安全性能，影响电池相关产品的发展和应用，且影响大众对电动汽车的接受度。因此，如何提升动力电池的安全性能，是一个待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种动力电池充电的方法和电池管理系统，能够提升动力电池的安全性能。
第一方面，提供了一种动力电池充电的方法，其特征在于，包括：在该动力电池的充电过程中，获取该动力电池的实际充电电流；根据该实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制该动力电池进行放电。
根据实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制对动力电池进行放电，有利于在不影响电池充电效率的情况下抑制析锂，达到安全、快速的充电目的，从而可以提升动力电池的安全性能。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，该根据该实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制该动力电池进行放电，包括：在该实际充电电流与该充电请求电流的差值与该充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定控制该动力电池进行放电。
当实际充电电流大于充电请求电流时，动力电池会存在析锂风险，但是由于充电请求电流的大小通常在动力电池的安全性能之内存在一定余量，因此，可以在实际充电电流超出充电请求电流一定程度再控制动力电池放电，可以在降低动力电池析锂风险的同时，尽可能地减少对充电效率的影响。
结合上述第一方面的一些实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，该根据该实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制该动力电池进行放电，包括：在该实际充电电流与该充电请求电流的差值与该充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定该实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分；在该安时积分大于第二阈值的情况下，确定控制该动力电池进行放电。
通常情况下，实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度越大，则放电越需要及时，在动力电池的实际充电电流超出充电请求电流一定程度的同时判断动力电池的超充容量大于一定阈值，有利于准确及时地降低动力电池的析锂风险。
结合上述第一方面的一些实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在确定控制该动力电池进行放电的情况下，向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息，该第一充电请求信息用于请求充电电流为0；在采集到该动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于第三阈值的情况下，控制该动力电池进行放电。
在采集到动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于第三阈值的情况下，再控制动力电池进行放电，有利于提高动力电池放电对电池析锂的抑制效果。
结合上述第一方面的一些实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在该第一充电请求信息已发送的持续时间大于或等于第一预设时间间隔的情况下，控制该动力电池停止放电。
结合上述第一方面的一些实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在控制该动力电池进行放电的持续时间大于或等于第二预设时间间隔的情况下，控制该动力电池停止放电。
控制动力电池在一定时间内放电，可以在抑制析锂的前提下，尽量降低对充电效率的影响，同时可以避免由于长时间放电导致的异常拔枪。
结合上述第一方面的一些实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在控制该动力电池停止放电的情况下，基于充电匹配表，向充电桩发送第二充电请求信息，该第二充电请求信息用于请求该充电桩对该动力电池进行充电。
第二方面，提供了一种电池管理系统，包括：获取模块，用于在动力电池的充电过程中，获取该动力电池的实际充电电流；确定模块，用于根据该实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制该动力电池进行放电。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，该确定模块具体用于：在该实际充电电流与该充电请求电流的差值与该充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定控制该动力电池进行放电。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，该确定模块具体用于：在该实际充电电流与该充电请求电流的差值与该充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定该实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分；在该安时积分大于第二阈值的情况下，确定控制该动力电池进行放电。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，该电池管理系统还包括：通信模块，用于在确定控制该动力电池进行放电的情况下，向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息，该第一充电请求信息用于请求充电电流为0；控制模块，用于在采集到该动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于第三阈值的情况下，控制该动力电池进行放电。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，该控制模块还用于：在该第一充电请求信息已发送的持续时间大于或等于第一预设时间间隔的情况下，控制该动力电池停止放电。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，该电池管理系统还包括：控制模块，用于在控制该动力电池进行放电的持续时间大于或等于第二预设时间间隔的情况下，控制该动力电池停止放电。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，该电池管理系统还包括：通信模块，用于在控制该动力电池停止放电的情况下，基于充电匹配表，向充电桩发送第二充电请求信息，该第二充电请求信息用于请求该充电桩对该动力电池进行充电。
第三方面，提供了一种电池管理系统，包括包括存储器和处理器，该存储器用于存储指令，该处理器用于读取该指令并基于该指令执行上述第一方面和第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序用于执行上述第一方面和第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请实施例适用的电池系统的示意性框图。
图2是本申请一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法的示意性框图。
图3是本申请另一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法的示意性框图。
图4是本申请再一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法的示意性框图。
图5是本申请一实施例公开的电流随时间变化的示意图。
图6是本申请一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法的示意性流程图。
图7是本申请另一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法的示意性流程图。
图8是本申请一实施例公开的电池管理系统的示意性框图。
图9是本申请另一实施例公开的电池管理系统的示意性框图。
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在新能源领域中，动力电池作为用电装置，例如车辆、船舶或航天器等的主要动力源，其重要性不言而喻。目前市面上的动力电池多为可充电的二次电池(Rechargeable battery)，常见的是锂离子电池或锂离子聚合物电池。
通常，锂离子电池在充电过程中，锂离子会从正极脱嵌并嵌入负极，但是当一些异常状态发生(例如，在低温下对电池进行充电，或者，通过大的充电倍率或充电电压对电池充电)，并造成从正极脱嵌的锂离子无法嵌入负极的话，那么锂离子就只能析出在负极表面，从而形成一层灰色的物质，这种现象就叫做析锂。
析锂不仅使电池性能下降，循环寿命大幅缩短，还限制了电池的快充容量，并有可能引起燃烧、爆炸等灾难性后果。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种动力电池充电的方法，有利于解决动力电池的析锂问题，从而提升动力电池的性能。
图1示出了本申请实施例适用的一种电池系统100。该电池系统100可包括：动力电池110和电池管理系统(battery management system，BMS)120。
具体地，该动力电池110可包括至少一个电池模组，其可为电动汽车提供能量和动力。从电池的种类而言，该动力电池110可以是锂离子电池、锂金属电池、铅酸电池、镍隔电池、镍氢电池、锂硫电池、锂空气电池或者钠离子电池等，在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。从电池规模而言，本申请实施例中，动力电池110中的电池模组可以是电芯/电池单体(battery cell)，也可以是电池组或电池包(battery pack)，在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。
此外，为了智能化管理及维护该动力电池110，防止电池出现故障，延长电池的使用寿命，电池系统100中一般还设置有BMS 120，该BMS 120连接于动力电池110，用于监控采集动力电池110的参数，且BMS 120还可根据该参数实现对动力电池110的控制管理。
作为示例，该BMS 120可用于监控动力电池110的电压、电流和温度等参数。其中，BMS 120可实时采集动力电池110的总电压、总电流，动力电池110中单个电池单体的电压、电流、以及动力电池110中至少一个测温点的温度等等。上述参数的实时，快速，准确的测量是BMS120正常运行的基础。
可选地，BMS 120可根据该采集的动力电池110的参数，进一步估算动力电池110的荷电状态(state of charge，SOC)、健康状态(state of health，SOH)、功率状态(state of power，SOP)等各种参数。
进一步地，在BMS 120获取动力电池110的多种参数以后，可根据该多种参数实现对动力电池110各种控制和管理。
例如，BMS 120可根据SOC、电压、电流等参数实现对动力电池110的充放电控制，保证动力电池110正常的能量供给和释放。
又例如，BMS 120还可根据温度等参数，控制散热风扇或者加热模块等组件，实现动力电池110的热管理。
再例如，BMS 120还可根据电压、SOH等参数，判断动力电池110是否处于正常运行状态，以实现动力电池110的故障诊断和预警。
可选地，如图1所示，电池系统100可与充电设备101和用电设备102建立连接，以实现动力电池100的充放电。
可选地，该充电设备101可以包括但不限于充电桩，也可以称为是充电机。
可选地，该用电设备102可以包括但不限于是动力汽车或者外部设备。
图2示出了本申请一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法200的示意性框图。可选地，本申请实施例中的动力电池可以是图1所示的动力电池110，该方法200可以应用于图1中所示的电池系统100中的BMS 120，换句话说，该方法200可以由图1中所示的电池系统100中的BMS 120执行。具体地，如图2所示，该方法200包括以下部分或全部内容：
S210，在动力电池的充电过程中，获取该动力电池的实际充电电流；
S220，根据该实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制该动力电池进行放电。
通常，当BMS与充电桩物理连接完成并上电后，开启低压辅助电源，进入握手启动阶段发送握手报文，再进行绝缘监测。绝缘监测结束后进入握手辨识阶段，双方可以发送辨识报文，确定动力电池和充电桩的必要信息。充电握手阶段完成后，充电桩和BMS进入充电参数配置阶段。在此阶段，充电桩可以向BMS发送充电桩最大输出能力的报文，从而BMS可以根据充电桩最大输出能力判断是否能够进行充电。在充电参数配置阶段完成之后，充电桩和BMS可以进入充电阶段。
在动力电池的充电过程中，BMS会向充电桩发送电池充电需求，然后充电桩可以根据电池充电需求来调整充电电压和充电电流以保证充电过程正常进行。作为示例，该电池充电需求会携带充电请求电流。然后，充电桩会基于BMS发送的充电请求电流向动力电池输出电流，BMS可以采集动力电池的充电电流，即本申请实施例中的实际充电电流。
在一种示例中，在动力电池的整个充电过程中，BMS可以实时调整充电请求电流，并向充电桩发送调整后的充电请求电流。那么BMS也可以实时采集动力电池的实际充电电流。也就是说，只要充电请求电流有改变，BMS就可以采集动力电池的实际充电电流。
在另一种示例中，在动力电池的整个充电过程中，不管充电请求电流是否改变，BMS仍可以周期性地采集动力电池的实际充电电流。
通常情况下，若动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于充电请求电流，则不会出现电池析锂的现象。但市场上由于充电桩的质量参差不齐， 动力电池的实际充电电流存在不可控的噪声和波动，则会出现动力电池的实际充电电流大于充电请求电流的情况，极有可能造成电池析锂，存在安全风险。
但是也并不是只要实际充电电流大于充电请求电流，就会造成电池析锂，原因在于，充电请求电流通常是在电池的充电能力之内确定的。也就是说，即便实际充电电流大于充电请求电流，只要其不超电池的充电能力，就不会造成电池析锂，即只要实际充电电流超充电请求电流在一定程度之内，就不会造成电池析锂。
申请人发现，在动力电池的充电过程中，控制动力电池进行放电，能够促进锂金属回嵌，抑制析出锂金属持续累积。但是控制动力电池进行放电，又会影响动力电池的充电效率。因此，根据动力电池的实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制动力电池进行放电，则既不会太影响动力电池的充电效率，又能够抑制电池析锂。
也就是说，若动力电池的实际充电电流超充电请求电流在一定程度之内，不控制动力电池进行放电，即控制动力电池持续进行充电；而若动力电池的实际充电电流超出充电请求电流一定程度之上，则控制动力电池进行放电。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，当确定控制动力电池进行放电时，可以立即控制动力电池进行放电。
还应理解，在本申请实施例中，控制动力电池进行放电并不是指一直放电直到动力电池的电量为0，而是指控制动力电池以一定电流大小，一定的持续时间进行放电。在控制动力电池放电结束之后，继续控制动力电池进行充电，并再次循环步骤210和步骤220，直到充电结束。
因此，本申请实施例的动力电池充电的方法，根据实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制对动力电池进行放电，有利于在不影响电池充电效率的情况下抑制析锂，达到安全、快速的充电目的，从而可以提升动力电池的安全性能。
图3示出了本申请另一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法300的示意性框图。可选地，本申请实施例中的动力电池可以是图1所示的动力电池110，该方法300可以应用于图1中所示的电池系统100中的BMS 120，换句话说，该方法300可以由图1中所示的电池系统100中的BMS 120执行。具体地，如图3所示，该方法300包括以下部分或全部内容：
S310，在动力电池的充电过程中，获取该动力电池的实际充电电流；
S320，在实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定控制动力电池进行放电。
应理解，步骤S310的具体实现可以参见方法200中的步骤S210，为了简洁，此处不再赘述。
在步骤S320中，BMS可以基于以下公式确定控制动力电池进行放电：
(ia-io)/io＞TH1，
其中，ia表示动力电池的实际充电电流，io表示充电请求电流，TH1表示第一阈值。
该第一阈值可以根据基于电池性能、安全性需求等方面进行设置，例如，该充电请求电流为100A，而该动力电池的充电能力为110A，若从电池性能方面考虑，可以设置该第一阈值＝(110-100)A/100A＝0.1，即实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于0.1，就认为动力电池有析锂风险，那么就控制动力电池进行放电。若从安全性需求方面考虑，可以设置该第一阈值小于0.1，例如，该第一阈值为0.08。即只要实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于0.08，就控制动力电池进行放电。
该第一阈值也可以基于临界值获得。该临界值可以认为是析锂刚开始出现时刻实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值。该临界值可以为经验值，即该临界值可以是经过多次测试获得。
在一种示例中，将第一阈值设置为小于临界值，只要实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值，就控制动力电池放电，可以更好地降低析锂风险。
在另一种示例中，将第一阈值设置为小于临界值，若实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值，确定控制动力电池进行放电，但是并不立即控制动力电池进行放电，而是持续一定时间间隔之后，再控制动力电池进行放电。也就是说，当第一次判断实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值，就确定控制动力电池进行放电并启动定时器，定时器计时期间实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值一直大于第一阈值，在定时器超时之后，则控制动力电池进行放电。该定时器的时长例如可以是5min。
当实际充电电流大于充电请求电流时，动力电池会存在析锂风险，但是由于充电请求电流的大小通常在动力电池的安全性能之内存在一定余量，因此，可以在实际充电电流超出充电请求电流一定程度再控制动力电池放电，可以在降低动力电池析锂风险的同时，尽可能地减少对充电效率的影响。
图4示出了本申请另一实施例公开的动力电池充电的方法400的示意性框图。可选地，本申请实施例中的动力电池可以是图1所示的动力 电池110，该方法400可以应用于图1中所示的电池系统100中的BMS 120，换句话说，该方法400可以由图1中所示的电池系统100中的BMS 120执行。具体地，如图4所示，该方法400包括以下部分或全部内容：
S410，在动力电池的充电过程中，获取该动力电池的实际充电电流；
S420，在实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分；
S430，在安时积分大于第二阈值的情况下，确定控制动力电池进行放电。
应理解，步骤S410的具体实现可以参见方法200中的步骤S210，并且步骤S420中的第一阈值可以参见方法320中的第一阈值的描述，为了简洁，此处不再赘述。
所谓安时积分就是指对电流进行时间积分。在本申请实施例中，实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分可以认为是实际充电电流超过充电请求电流一定程度的超充容量，该超充容量的初始值为0。具体地，BMS可以实时获取动力电池的实际充电电流和充电请求电流，当实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值时计时，设为时间t0，可以每间隔Δt计算一次超充容量，例如，在t1＝t0+Δt时刻计算t0至t1之间的超充容量，并且BMS可以在每计算一次超充容量就判断其是否大于第二阈值，若大于第二阈值，确定控制动力电池进行放电；若小于第二阈值，则计算从t0到t2＝t1+Δt之间的超充容量，并继续判断所获得的超充容量是否大于第二阈值，直到计算获得的超充容量大于第二阈值时，才确定控制动力电池进行放电。也就是说，在判断实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，BMS可以基于以下公式确定控制动力电池进行放电：
其中，ia表示动力电池的实际充电电流，io表示充电请求电流，t0是确定实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的时刻，tn则是确定超充容量大于第二阈值的时刻，TH2可以表示第二阈值。
通常情况下，实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度越大，则放电越需要及时，在动力电池的实际充电电流超出充电请求电流一定程度的同时判断动力电池的超充容量大于一定阈值，有利于准确及时地降低动力电池的析锂风险。
在一种示例中，在t0至tn之间，该实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值是一直大于第一阈值的。当tn时刻获得的超充容量满足上述公式时，则确定控制动力电池进行放电并将超充容量设置为初始值。
在另一种示例中，若BMS确定tn时刻获得的超充容量小于第二阈值，在t(n+1)时刻之前，实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值小于或等于第一阈值，则存储tn时刻获得的超充容量。当在tm时刻再一次确定实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值，并计算t(m+1)时刻的超充容量，该t(m+1)时刻的超充容量是指tm至t(m+1)之间的实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分，并判断tn时刻获得超充容量与t(m+1)时刻获得的超充容量之和是否大于第二阈值，若大于第二阈值，则确定控制动力电池进行放电并将超充容量设置为初始值，即BMS可以基于以下公式确定控制动力电池进行放电：
图5示出了本申请实施例的电流随时间变化的示意图。如图5所示，充电请求电流为io，实际充电电流为ia。在t0时刻，BMS确定(ia-io)/io大于阈值TH1，在t1时刻计算t1时刻的超充容量，并判断t1时刻的超充容量是否大于第二阈值TH2，若小于TH2，则继续计算t2时刻的超充容量，……，计算tn时刻的超充容量。BMS可以在每计算一次超充容量，就更新其内部所存储的超充容量的值。当tn时刻的超充容量大于TH2时，则可以将BMS内部存储的超充容量的值更新为初始值0。而当tn时刻的超充容量的值不大于TH2时，则将BMS内部存储的超充容量的值更新为tn时刻计算得到的超充容量C1。需要说明的是，BMS在计算每个时刻的超充容量的同时也可以计算(ia-io)/io的值并与TH1进行比较。若在t(n+1)时刻的(ia-io)/io小于或等于TH1，则可以停止计算超充容量，直到在tm时刻的(ia-io)/io大于TH1，则在t(m+1)时刻重新计算超充容量C2，并将BMS内部的超充容量更新为C1+C2，若C1+C2大于TH2，则确定控制动力电池进行放电。若C1+C2不大于TH2，则可以继续计算下一时刻的超充容量，并与C1进行累加。
同样地，该第二阈值可以根据基于电池性能、安全性需求等方面进行设置。例如，该第二阈值可以是0.5AH。
可替代地，BMS也可以从确定实际充电电流大于充电请求电流开始计时，并计算某一时刻的超充容量，以及判断该时刻的超充容量是否大于第二阈值，在判断该时刻的超充容量小于或等于第二阈值并且在下一时刻实际充电电流小于或等于充电请求电流，则保存最近一次更新的超充 容量，并将其累加到下一次实际充电电流大于充电请求电流时所获得的超充容量中，以与第二阈值进行判断。
应理解，从实际充电电流大于充电请求电流开始计时的实施例中的第二阈值可以大于从实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值开始计时的实施例中的第二阈值。
可选地，上文中描述的判断实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值与充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的实施例，也可以替换为，判断实际充电电流与充电请求电流的差值大于第四阈值的实施例，其中，该第四阈值可以等效于第一阈值与充电请求电流的乘积。也就是说，该第四阈值为随充电请求电流变化而变化的值。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，在根据实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定控制动力电池进行放电，动力电池放电的电流大小、时长等参数可以是固定不变的，也可以是实时调整的。
在一种示例中，BMS可以基于相同的放电参数控制动力电池进行放电，例如，该放电参数可以固定可以配置为电流大小为10A，时长为20s。
在另一种示例中，BMS可以基于实时确定的放电参数控制动力电池进行放电，例如，可以基于动力电池的状态参数，确定动力电池的放电参数。动力电池的状态参数例如可以包括温度、SOC以及SOH等。
可选地，可以基于动力电池的SOC所在的SOC区间，确定动力电池的放电参数。通常情况下，动力电池的SOC越大，则电池析锂的风险越高。BMS可以提前配置不同的SOC区间所对应的放电时长和/或放电的电流大小。例如，高SOC区间对应的放电时长可以大于低SOC区间对应的放电时长。再例如，高SOC区间对应的放电的电流大小可以大于低SOC区间对应的放电的电流大小。
基于动力电池的状态参数动态调整动力电池的放电参数，可以更好地平衡析锂与充电速度之间的关系，从而能够更好地实现快速且安全的充电。
需要说明的是，确定动力电池的放电参数跟控制动力电池进行放电可以看成是两个独立的步骤，互不干扰。也就是说，确定动力电池的放电参数与控制动力电池进行放电之间没有必然的时序关系。若确定动力电池的放电参数在前，则基于确定的放电参数控制动力电池进行放电；若确定动力电池的放电参数在后，则基于在先确定的放电参数控制动力电池进行放电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该方法200还包括：在确定控制动力电池进行放电的情况下，向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息，该第一充电 请求信息用于请求充电电流为0；在采集到动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于第三阈值的情况下，控制动力电池进行放电。
该第一充电请求信息同上文描述的电池充电需求类似，只不过该电池充电需求中所携带的充电请求电流为0，也就是说，该第一充电请求信息用于向充电桩请求充电电流为0。而充电桩在接收到该第一充电请求信息之后，控制向动力电池输出的充电电流为0。由于BMS在向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息之后，动力电池的实际充电电流是逐渐减小的，因此，如果在向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息之后立刻控制动力电池进行放电，可能会降低放电对电池析锂的抑制效果。
在一种示例中，通过实时采集动力电池的实际充电电流，在实际充电电流小于或等于电流阈值时，才控制动力电池进行放电。例如，该电流阈值为50A。
在另一种示例中，也可以在向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息之后的预设时间后再控制动力电池进行放电，该预设时间可以是基于从BMS向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息之后到动力电池的实际充电电流降到电流阈值时所获取的时长的经验值。
可选地，在本申请一实施例中，该方法200还包括：在第一充电请求信息已发送的持续时间大于或等于第一预设时间间隔的情况下，控制动力电池停止放电。
例如，可以在BMS向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息时启动定时器，该定时器的时长可以是该第一预设时间间隔，当该定时器超时时，就控制动力电池停止放电。例如，该定时器的时长可以是60s，也就是该第一预设时间间隔为60s。
再例如，可以在BMS向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息时开始计时，当计时时长达到第一预设时间间隔，则控制动力电池停止放电。例如，该第一预设时间间隔为60s。
可选地，在本申请另一实施例中，该方法200还包括：在控制动力电池进行放电的持续时间大于或等于第二预设时间间隔的情况下，控制动力电池停止放电。
例如，可以在BMS控制动力电池进行放电的开始时刻启动定时器，该定时器的时长可以是第二预设时间间隔，当该定时器超时时，就控制动力电池停止放电。例如，该定时器的时长可以是20s，也就是该第二预设时间间隔为20s。
再例如，可以在BMS控制动力电池开始放电时开始计时，当计时时长达到第二预设时间间隔，则控制动力电池停止放电。例如，该第二预设时间间隔为20s。
应理解，该第一预设时间间隔和该第二预设时间间隔可以配置。
控制动力电池在一定时间内放电，可以在抑制析锂的前提下，尽量降低对充电效率的影响，同时可以避免由于长时间放电导致的异常拔枪。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该方法200还包括：在控制动力电池停止放电的情况下，基于充电匹配表，向充电桩发送第二充电请求信息，该第二充电请求信息用于请求充电桩对动力电池进行充电。
具体地，BMS在控制动力电池停止放电的情况下，可以基于充电匹配表，向充电桩发送第二充电请求信息，该第二充电请求信息同上文描述的电池充电需求类似，该第二充电请求信息中携带的充电请求电流不为0，即请求充电桩向动力电池输出电流。也就是说，BMS内部会存储一张充电匹配表，该充电匹配表可以包括充电请求电流与动力电池的各种状态参数的对应关系，当BMS控制动力电池停止放电时，可以基于动力电池的当前状态参数，从该充电匹配表中获取对应的充电请求电流，并通过第二充电请求信息发送给充电桩。例如，BMS可以从充电匹配表中获取与当前SOC对应的充电请求电流。充电桩在接收到该第二充电请求信息之后，向动力电池输出不为0的充电电流，即对动力电池进行充电。进而BMS可以重复执行步骤210以及步骤220。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该方法200还包括：在动力电池处于满充状态或者拔枪状态，控制该动力电池进行放电。
如果动力电池处于满充状态或者拔枪状态，由于此时并不清楚动力电池的当前状态是否具有析锂风险，通过引入负脉冲，控制动力电池进行放电，可以在动力电池具有析锂风险的情况下抑制析锂，从而可以提高动力电池的安全性能。
图6示出了本申请实施例的动力电池充电的方法600的示意性流程图。如图6所示，该方法600可以由BMS执行，并且该方法600可以包括以下部分获取全部内容：
S601，判断动力电池是否处于充电状态；
S602，若在S601中判断动力电池处于充电状态，则BMS可以实时记录动力电池的充电请求电流io，并且实时采集动力电池的实际充电电流ia；
可选地，若在S601中判断动力电池不处于充电状态，则执行步骤S609；
S603，判断(ia-io)/io是否大于0.1；
S604，若S603中的判断结果为是，则向充电桩发送充电请求电流为0的电池充电需求，并且实时采集动力电池的实际充电电流以及开始计时；
可选地，若S603中的判断结果为否，则返回执行步骤S602；
S605，判断动力电池的实际充电电流是否小于50A；
S606，若S605中的判断结果为是，则控制动力电池以10A的电流大小放电；
可选地，若S605中的判断结果为否，则返回执行步骤S604；
S607，判断动力电池的放电时长是否大于或等于20s，或者在步骤S604中计时的时长大于或等于60s；
S608，若在S607中的判断结果为是，则控制动力电池停止放电，并且按照充电匹配表，向充电桩请求向动力电池充电；
可选地，若在S607中的判断结果为否，则返回执行步骤S606；
S609，若在S601中判断动力电池处于非充电状态，则判断动力电池是否处于满充状态或者拔枪状态；
S610，若在S609中判断动力电池处于满充状态或者拔枪状态，则控制动力电池以10A的电流大小放电20s。
可选地，若在S609中判断动力电池不处于满充状态或拔枪状态，则结束方法600。
图7示出了本申请实施例的动力电池充电的方法700的示意性流程图。如图7所示，该方法700可以由BMS执行，并且该方法700可以包括以下部分获取全部内容：
S701，判断动力电池是否处于充电状态；
S702，若在S701中判断动力电池处于充电状态，则BMS可以实时记录动力电池的充电请求电流，并且实时采集动力电池的实际充电电流；
可选地，若在S701中判断动力电池不处于充电状态，则执行步骤S711；
S703，判断(ia-io)/io是否大于0.1；
S704，若S703中的判断结果为是，开始计时，设为t0；
可选地，若S703中的判断结果为否，则返回执行步骤S702；
S705，在t1时刻判断实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分是否大于0.5AH；
S706，若S705中的判断结果为是，将S705中计算得到的安时积分清0，并向充电桩发送充电请求电流为0的电池充电需求，并且实时采集动力电池的实际充电电流以及开始计时；
可选地，若S705中的判断结果为否，则记录S705中计算得到的安时积分，以累加到下一次获得的安时积分中；
S707，在S706之后，判断动力电池的实际充电电流是否小于50A；
S708，若S707中的判断结果为是，则控制动力电池以10A的电流大小放电；
可选地，若S707中的判断结果为否，则返回执行步骤S706；
S709，判断动力电池的放电时长是否大于或等于20s，或者在步骤S704中计时的时长大于或等于60s；
S710，若在S709中的判断结果为是，则控制动力电池停止放电，并且按照充电匹配表，向充电桩请求向动力电池充电；
可选地，若在S709中的判断结果为否，则返回执行步骤S708；
S711，若在S701中判断动力电池处于非充电状态，则判断动力电池是否处于满充状态或者拔枪状态；
S712，若在S701中判断动力电池处于满充状态或者拔枪状态，则控制动力电池以10A的电流大小放电20s。
可选地，若在S711中判断动力电池不处于满充状态或拔枪状态，则结束方法700。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上文详细描述了本申请实施例的动力电池充电的方法，下面将结合图8和图9详细描述本申请实施例的电池管理系统。方法实施例所描述的技术特征适用于以下装置实施例。
图8示出了本申请实施例的电池管理系统800的示意性框图。如图8所示，该电池管理系统800包括：
获取模块810，用于在动力电池的充电过程中，获取该动力电池的实际充电电流；
确定模块820，用于根据该实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制该动力电池进行放电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该确定模块820具体用于：在该实际充电电流与该充电请求电流的差值与该充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定控制该动力电池进行放电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该确定模块820具体用于：在该实际充电电流与该充电请求电流的差值与该充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定该实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分；在该安时积分大于第二阈值的情况下，确定控制该动力电池进行放电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该电池管理系统800还包括：通信模块，用于在确定控制该动力电池进行放电的情况下，向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息，该第一充电请求信息用于请求充电电流为0；控制模块， 用于在采集到该动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于第三阈值的情况下，控制该动力电池进行放电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该控制模块还用于：在该第一充电请求信息已发送的持续时间大于或等于第一预设时间间隔的情况下，控制该动力电池停止放电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该电池管理系统800还包括：控制模块，用于在控制该动力电池进行放电的持续时间大于或等于第二预设时间间隔的情况下，控制该动力电池停止放电。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该电池管理系统800还包括：通信模块，用于在控制该动力电池停止放电的情况下，基于充电匹配表，向充电桩发送第二充电请求信息，该第二充电请求信息用于请求该充电桩对该动力电池进行充电。
应理解，根据本申请实施例的电池管理系统800可对应于本申请方法实施例中的BMS，并且电池管理系统800中的各个单元的上述和其它操作和/或功能分别为了实现图2至图4、图6和图7各方法中电池管理系统的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图9示出了本申请另一个实施例的电池管理系统900的示意性框图。如图9所示，电池管理系统900包括处理器910和存储器920，其中，存储器920用于存储指令，处理器910用于读取所述指令并基于所述指令执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法。
其中，存储器920可以是独立于处理器910的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器910中。
可选地，如图9所示，该电池管理系统900还可以包括收发器930，处理器910可以控制该收发器930与充电桩等其他设备进行通信。具体地，可以向其他设备发送信息或数据，或者接收其他设备发送的信息或数据。
本申请实施例还提供了一种可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (15)
- 一种动力电池充电的方法，其特征在于，包括：在所述动力电池的充电过程中，获取所述动力电池的实际充电电流；根据所述实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制所述动力电池进行放电，包括：在所述实际充电电流与所述充电请求电流的差值与所述充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制所述动力电池进行放电，包括：在所述实际充电电流与所述充电请求电流的差值与所述充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定所述实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分；在所述安时积分大于第二阈值的情况下，确定控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：在确定控制所述动力电池进行放电的情况下，向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息，所述第一充电请求信息用于请求充电电流为0；在采集到所述动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于第三阈值的情况下，控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：在所述第一充电请求信息已发送的持续时间大于或等于第一预设时间间隔的情况下，控制所述动力电池停止放电。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：在控制所述动力电池进行放电的持续时间大于或等于第二预设时间间隔的情况下，控制所述动力电池停止放电。
- 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：在控制所述动力电池停止放电的情况下，基于充电匹配表，向充电桩发送第二充电请求信息，所述第二充电请求信息用于请求所述充电桩对所述动力电池进行充电。
- 一种电池管理系统，其特征在于，包括：获取模块，用于在动力电池的充电过程中，获取所述动力电池的实际充电电流；确定模块，用于根据所述实际充电电流超充电请求电流的程度，确定是否控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求8所述的电池管理系统，其特征在于，所述确定模块具体用于：在所述实际充电电流与所述充电请求电流的差值与所述充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求8所述的电池管理系统，其特征在于，所述确定模块具体用于：在所述实际充电电流与所述充电请求电流的差值与所述充电请求电流的比值大于第一阈值的情况下，确定所述实际充电电流与充电请求电流之差的安时积分；在所述安时积分大于第二阈值的情况下，确定控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的电池管理系统，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统还包括：通信模块，用于在确定控制所述动力电池进行放电的情况下，向充电桩发送第一充电请求信息，所述第一充电请求信息用于请求充电电流为0；控制模块，用于在采集到所述动力电池的实际充电电流小于或等于第三阈值的情况下，控制所述动力电池进行放电。
- 根据权利要求11所述的电池管理系统，其特征在于，所述控制模块还用于：在所述第一充电请求信息已发送的持续时间大于或等于第一预设时间间隔的情况下，控制所述动力电池停止放电。
- 根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的电池管理系统，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统还包括：控制模块，用于在控制所述动力电池进行放电的持续时间大于或等于第二预设时间间隔的情况下，控制所述动力电池停止放电。
- 根据权利要求12或13所述的电池管理系统，其特征在于，所述电池管理系统还包括：通信模块，用于在控制所述动力电池停止放电的情况下，基于充电匹配表，向充电桩发送第二充电请求信息，所述第二充电请求信息用于请求所述充电桩对所述动力电池进行充电。
- 一种电池管理系统，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器用于读取所述指令并基于所述指令执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法。
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