WO2023029721A1 - 发声装置的振膜及其发声装置 - Google Patents

发声装置的振膜及其发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023029721A1
WO2023029721A1 PCT/CN2022/103311 CN2022103311W WO2023029721A1 WO 2023029721 A1 WO2023029721 A1 WO 2023029721A1 CN 2022103311 W CN2022103311 W CN 2022103311W WO 2023029721 A1 WO2023029721 A1 WO 2023029721A1
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Prior art keywords
diaphragm
propylene rubber
modified ethylene
generating device
reactant
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PCT/CN2022/103311
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English (en)
French (fr)
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惠冰
凌风光
李春
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023029721A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023029721A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
    • C08J3/246—Intercrosslinking of at least two polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/16—Ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
    • C08J2491/06—Waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/06—Sulfur

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic technology, and more specifically, to a diaphragm of a sound generating device and a sound generating device using the diaphragm.
  • diaphragms made of different rubber materials have been widely used in the field of speakers.
  • the molecular chain of EPDM/EPDM rubber is completely carbon chain structure and the molecular polarity is low, it is difficult for the diaphragm made of this material to be bonded to the housing, and the problem of bonding failure will occur in long-term use , has the disadvantage of low reliability.
  • the diaphragm prepared by this material is prone to distortion in the use of speakers, which is difficult to meet practical application needs.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vibrating membrane of a sound generating device.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a sound generating device composed of the above diaphragm.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
  • the diaphragm includes at least one modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer, and the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer is made of modified ethylene-propylene rubber, so
  • the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is formed by a cross-linking reaction between a base rubber and a reactant; wherein, the base rubber is EPDM rubber and/or EPDM rubber, and the reactant is polyacrylate, polyethylene - one or more of acrylates, polyethylene-vinyl acetate and hydrogenated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile.
  • the content of the reactant is 3%-50% of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant.
  • the damping factor of the diaphragm is >0.12.
  • the tensile strength of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 2 MPa-45 MPa.
  • the tear strength of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 15N/mm-100N/mm.
  • the hardness of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 35A-80A.
  • the storage modulus at room temperature of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 0.5 MPa-35 MPa.
  • the diaphragm is formed as a single-layer structure, and the diaphragm is composed of one layer of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer.
  • the diaphragm has a composite layer structure, and the diaphragm includes at least one layer of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer.
  • the composite diaphragm further includes a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic
  • the thermoplastic elastomer is thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, thermoplastic polyamide At least one of elastomers and silicone elastomers
  • the engineering plastics are polyetheretherketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate At least one of polyester, polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
  • the sound generating device includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibration system, the vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil combined on one side of the diaphragm, the The magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate to drive the diaphragm to produce sound, and the diaphragm is the diaphragm according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sound generating device includes a casing, a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system arranged in the casing, the vibration system includes a voice coil, a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm, the The top of the voice coil is connected to the first diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate to drive the first diaphragm to produce sound, and the two ends of the second diaphragm are respectively connected to the housing and The bottom of the voice coil is connected, and the second diaphragm is the diaphragm according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vibrating membrane prepared from the modified ethylene-propylene rubber formed by adding a reactant to the ethylene-propylene rubber for cross-linking reaction not only makes the vibrating membrane have excellent mechanical properties and good
  • the adhesiveness of the diaphragm is improved, and the damping performance of the diaphragm is improved, which is beneficial to reduce the polarization of the diaphragm during the vibration process.
  • the vibrating consistency of each part of the vibrating membrane of the present invention is better, and the distortion of the sounding device is effectively reduced.
  • Fig. 1 is the test curve of the vibration displacement of different parts of the diaphragm of the sound generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention at different frequencies;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sounding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Housing 10 Housing 10 ; voice coil 11 ; first diaphragm 12 ; second diaphragm 13 ; magnetic circuit system 14 .
  • the diaphragm of the sounding device of the embodiment of the present invention includes at least one layer of modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer, the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer is made of modified ethylene-propylene rubber, and the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is made of base rubber It is formed by cross-linking reaction with reactants.
  • the base rubber is EPDM rubber and/or EPDM rubber
  • the reactant is one of polyacrylate, polyethylene-acrylate, polyethylene-vinyl acetate and hydrogenated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile or more.
  • the diaphragm of the sound generating device is composed of at least one modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer.
  • the diaphragm in the present invention can be formed into a single-layer structure, or can be formed into a multi-layer composite structure.
  • the vibrating membrane has a single-layer structure, that is, the vibrating membrane is made of one layer of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer of the present invention.
  • the diaphragm has a multi-layer composite structure
  • the diaphragm includes at least one modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer, and the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer in the diaphragm is formed by compounding films of other materials.
  • two adjacent layers of modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layers can be arranged at intervals, that is, two adjacent layers of modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layers Film layers of other materials can also be arranged between the layers.
  • two adjacent layers of modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layers can also be arranged together, which can be selected according to actual use requirements, and the present invention does not specifically limit this.
  • the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer is made of modified ethylene-propylene rubber.
  • Modified ethylene-propylene rubber can be formed by adding reactants to the base polymer.
  • the base polymer can be EPDM rubber or EPDM rubber, or a mixture of EPDM rubber and EPDM rubber.
  • the reactant may be one or more of polyacrylate, polyethylene-acrylate, polyethylene-vinyl acetate and hydrogenated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile.
  • the reactant may be a mixture of polyacrylate and polyethylene-acrylate, polyethylene-vinyl acetate or a mixture of polyethylene-vinyl acetate and hydrogenated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile.
  • the reactant polyethylene-acrylate and/or polyacrylate and/or polyethylene-vinyl acetate and/or hydrogenated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile
  • the base polymer terpolymer In propylene rubber and/or binary ethylene propylene rubber
  • the reactant can form an effective mutual transmission network structure with EPDM rubber and/or binary ethylene propylene rubber molecules, the molecular chain entanglement increases, and the internal friction between molecules High resistance, the modified ethylene propylene rubber at room temperature is in a high elastic state, which not only effectively improves the polarity between molecules and the adhesive force with the adhesive, but also increases the Damping properties of ethylene propylene rubber.
  • the diaphragm prepared by using the modified ethylene-propylene rubber as a raw material has excellent damping performance and resilience, and the vibration system can effectively suppress the polarization phenomenon in the process of vibrating and sounding, and the consistency of the vibration system is better.
  • the modified ethylene-propylene rubber layer of the diaphragm of the present invention has higher damping and adhesion, and can effectively suppress the The polarization phenomenon makes the consistency of the vibration system better.
  • the diaphragm may be a rectangular ring diaphragm.
  • the abscissa is frequency (Hz), and the ordinate is loudness displacement (mm). Points are taken at the edge position and the center position of the center of the diaphragm for testing respectively, and test curves of vibration displacements of different parts of the diaphragm at different frequencies are obtained.
  • the modified ethylene-propylene rubber formed by adding a reactant to the ethylene-propylene rubber for cross-linking reaction is used as a raw material to prepare the diaphragm, which not only makes the diaphragm have excellent mechanical Performance and good adhesion, and improve the damping performance of the diaphragm, which is beneficial to reduce the polarization of the diaphragm during vibration.
  • the vibrating consistency of each part of the vibrating membrane of the present invention is better, and the distortion of the sounding device is effectively reduced.
  • the content of the reactant is 3%-50% of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant.
  • 3% to 50% of the reactant can be added to the base rubber, accounting for the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant.
  • the damping value and cohesive force of the diaphragm material gradually increase, and the modified ethylene-propylene rubber prepared by adding 3% to 50% of the total reactant of the base rubber and the reactant is
  • the material of the diaphragm can combine the damping performance and elasticity of the Guzhen diaphragm at the same time, effectively ensuring the excellent elasticity and damping performance of the diaphragm.
  • the mass percentage of the reactant can be any value between 3% and 50%, for example, the mass percentage of the reactant can be 3%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% %.
  • the addition of an excessive amount of reactant although the adhesive force and damping will increase, will reduce the resilience of the material, which will cause the vibration of the diaphragm to increase during the vibration process, and the sound quality and listening stability will be reduced. worse. Therefore, when the addition amount of the reactant is 3% to 50% (mass percentage), it can ensure that the diaphragm has good resilience, and at the same time, it can improve the damping performance and adhesiveness of the diaphragm, effectively ensuring The acoustic performance of the sound generating device.
  • the damping factor of the diaphragm is >0.12.
  • the dissipation factor of the diaphragm of the present invention is greater than 0.12 at room temperature.
  • the loss factor of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer is >0.15.
  • the loss factor of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer in the present invention can be the data obtained by using DMA temperature scanning mode, 1Hz vibration frequency, and 3°C/min heating rate, which can be matched with the thickness of the diaphragm, and can further optimize the diaphragm performance.
  • the higher the loss factor the better the damping property of the material.
  • the improvement of the damping property of the diaphragm material is beneficial to reduce the polarization during the vibration process, reduce product distortion, and improve the listening yield.
  • the loss factor may be 0.12, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, or 0.25, etc. That is to say, the diaphragm made of a diaphragm material with a higher damping value has a lower impedance curve, which can improve the damping of the diaphragm, and the vibration system can effectively suppress the polarization phenomenon during the vibration and sound process, and the consistency of the vibration system Sex is better.
  • the tensile strength of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 2 MPa-45 MPa.
  • the tear strength of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 15N/mm-100N/mm.
  • the modified ethylene-propylene rubber can have suitable mechanical properties.
  • the prepared diaphragm is less prone to problems such as membrane rupture during the use of the sound generating device, effectively ensuring the reliability of the diaphragm in use.
  • the tensile strength of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber can be 2MPa, 6MPa, 10MPa, 16MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa or 45MPa.
  • the tear strength of the modified ethylene propylene rubber may be 15 N/mm, 30 N/mm, 45 N/mm, 50 N/mm, 70 N/mm, 90 N/mm or 100 N/mm.
  • the hardness of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 35A-80A.
  • the room temperature storage modulus of the modified ethylene-propylene rubber is 0.5MPa-35MPa.
  • the sound generating device may be a loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system cooperating with the vibration system.
  • the vibration system includes the diaphragm provided by the invention.
  • the diaphragm can be a ring diaphragm or a flat diaphragm.
  • the loudspeaker with the vibrating membrane of the present invention has the advantages of good sounding effect, good durability and the like.
  • the F0 of the speaker is proportional to the Young's modulus and thickness (see formula 1 to formula 3), and the change of F0 can be realized by changing the thickness of the speaker diaphragm and the Young's modulus.
  • the specific adjustment principle is as follows:
  • Mms is the equivalent vibration mass of the speaker
  • Cms is the equivalent compliance of the speaker.
  • Cms1 is elastic wave compliance
  • Cms2 is diaphragm compliance
  • the equivalent compliance of the loudspeaker is the compliance of the diaphragm.
  • the F0 of the speaker is proportional to the modulus and thickness, and the modulus of rubber is proportional to its hardness, so the hardness can be used instead of its modulus.
  • the size of the speaker F0 can be adjusted by adjusting the hardness and thickness of the speaker diaphragm.
  • the hardness of the diaphragm material is controlled within the range of 35A to 80A, and the storage modulus at room temperature is within the range of 0.5MPa to 35MPa, the F0 of the speaker can reach 500Hz to 1500Hz, so that the speaker has excellent low frequency performance.
  • the vibrating membrane is formed as a single-layer structure, and the vibrating membrane is composed of one layer of modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer.
  • the diaphragm is formed into a composite layer structure, and the diaphragm includes at least one modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer. That is, when the diaphragm is a composite diaphragm, it can include a layer of modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer, or multiple layers of modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer.
  • the multi-layer modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layers can be adjacently arranged before It can also be set at intervals, and the specific setting method can be selected according to the specific design requirements of the sound generating device.
  • the composite diaphragm further includes a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic.
  • the thermoplastic elastomer is at least one of thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, thermoplastic polyamide elastomer and silicone elastomer.
  • Engineering plastics are polyetheretherketone, polyarylate, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate At least one of butanediol dicarboxylates.
  • the composite diaphragm when the diaphragm is a composite diaphragm, the composite diaphragm consists of a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic and a modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer.
  • thermoplastic elastomers and engineering plastics There are many choices of raw materials for thermoplastic elastomers and engineering plastics, which can be selected according to specific needs.
  • the composite diaphragm composed of a film layer made of thermoplastic elastomer and/or engineering plastic and a modified ethylene-propylene rubber film layer has excellent mechanical properties, and can guarantee a certain mechanical strength while having a high damping value.
  • a method for preparing a diaphragm of a sound generating device including the following steps: S1, adding a reactant to the base rubber. S2. Carrying out cross-linking molding of the base rubber and a reactant to form a vibrating membrane.
  • the base rubber is EPDM rubber and/or EPDM rubber
  • the reactant is one of polyacrylate, polyethylene-acrylate, polyethylene-vinyl acetate and hydrogenated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile or more.
  • reactants polyethylene-acrylate and/or polyacrylate and/or polyethylene-vinyl acetate and/or hydrogenated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile
  • base polymer EPDM and (or binary ethylene propylene rubber)
  • the reactant can form an effective mutual transmission network structure with EPDM rubber and/or binary ethylene propylene rubber molecules, the molecular chain entanglement increases, and the internal friction resistance between molecules is large.
  • the modified ethylene propylene rubber at room temperature is in a high elastic state, which not only effectively improves the polarity between molecules and the bonding force with the adhesive, but also increases the The damping properties of rubber.
  • the diaphragm prepared by using the modified ethylene-propylene rubber as a raw material has excellent damping performance and resilience, and the vibration system can effectively suppress the polarization phenomenon in the process of vibrating and sounding, and the consistency of the vibration system is better.
  • the diaphragm of the sound generating device can not only ensure good resilience and adhesiveness, improve the service life of the diaphragm, but also improve the damping performance of the diaphragm, thereby improving the stability of the sound quality of the sound generating device sex.
  • the vibrating membrane provided by the present invention can form a sounding device of any structure, such as the following typical sounding device: comprising a vibrating system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibrating system, the vibrating system includes a vibrating membrane and a Voice coil on one side.
  • the voice coil can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system after the voice coil is energized to drive the vibration of the diaphragm, and the sound can be produced when the diaphragm vibrates.
  • the sound generating device includes a vibrating system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibrating system.
  • the vibrating system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil combined on one side of the diaphragm.
  • the magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate to Drive the vibrating membrane to produce sound, and the vibrating membrane is the vibrating membrane of the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the voice coil can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system after the voice coil is energized to drive the vibration of the diaphragm, and the sound can be produced when the diaphragm vibrates.
  • the sound generating device 100 includes a casing 10, a magnetic circuit system 14 and a vibration system arranged in the casing 10, and the vibration system includes a voice coil 11, a second A diaphragm 12 and a second diaphragm 13, the top of the voice coil 11 is connected to the first diaphragm 12, the magnetic circuit system 14 drives the voice coil 11 to vibrate to drive the first diaphragm 12 to sound, the two ends of the second diaphragm 13
  • the second diaphragm 13 is connected to the bottom of the casing 10 and the voice coil 11 respectively, and is the diaphragm of the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the first diaphragm 12 can be used to vibrate and produce sound
  • the second diaphragm 13 can be used to balance the vibration of the voice coil 11 .
  • the voice coil 11 can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system 14 after the voice coil 11 is energized to drive the first diaphragm 12 to vibrate.
  • the first diaphragm 12 vibrates Vocalization is possible.
  • the second diaphragm 13 can also vibrate up and down following the voice coil 11.
  • the second diaphragm 13 can balance the vibration of the voice coil 11 and prevent Polarization occurs in the voice coil 11 , so that the sounding effect of the sounding device 100 can be improved.
  • first diaphragm 12 and the second diaphragm 13 can adopt the diaphragm of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention at the same time, or one of the first diaphragm 12 and the second diaphragm 13 can adopt the present invention.
  • the diaphragm of the above embodiment is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the diaphragm of the sound generating device of the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • the reactant (polyethylene-acrylate) which accounts for 3% of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant is cross-linked with 70A EPDM rubber, and after vulcanization, the diaphragm material is formed and assembled into a product.
  • the reactant (polyethylene-acrylate) which accounts for 5% of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant is cross-linked with 70A EPDM rubber, and after vulcanization, the diaphragm material is formed and assembled into a product.
  • the reactant (polyethylene-acrylate), which accounts for 40% of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant, is cross-linked with 70A EPDM rubber, vulcanized to form a diaphragm material, and assembled into a product.
  • the reactant (polyethylene-acrylate) which accounts for 50% of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant is cross-linked with 70A EPDM rubber, vulcanized to form a diaphragm material, and assembled into a product.
  • the reactant (polyethylene-acrylate), which accounts for 60% of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant, is cross-linked with 70A EPDM rubber, vulcanized to form a diaphragm material, and assembled into a product.
  • Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 5 are diaphragms prepared from modified ethylene-propylene rubber.
  • Table 1 is the addition amount of each reactant in Comparative Example 1, Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 5. It should be noted that the added amount of the reactant is the mass percentage of the total amount of the base rubber and the reactant.
  • Table 2 is the test results of the performance test of the diaphragms of Comparative Example 1, Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 5, reflecting the effect of the content of the reactant on the vibration membrane. Effects of loss factor, adhesive force and springback rate at 50% modulus strain of film material.
  • the diaphragm material formed when the mass percentage of the reactant is 3% to 50% can not only ensure that the diaphragm material has good resilience and adhesion, but also is not easy to appear during the long-term use of the diaphragm. Problems such as membrane rupture can improve the service life and reliability of the diaphragm, and it has a higher damping value. During the vibration process, the vibration of the diaphragm is reduced, and the sound quality and listening stability are better.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声装置的振膜及其发声装置，发声装置的振膜包括至少一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层，改性乙丙橡胶膜层由改性乙丙橡胶制成，改性乙丙橡胶由基础橡胶与反应剂进行交联反应形成；其中，基础橡胶为三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶，反应剂为聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈中的一种或多种。本发明的振膜通过采用在三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶中添加反应剂进行交联反应形成的改性乙丙橡胶为原料制备，能够保证振膜具有良好的回弹性和粘接性的同时，可以提升振膜的阻尼性能，有效地保证了发声装置的声学性能。

Description

发声装置的振膜及其发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电声技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种发声装置的振膜及使用该振膜的发声装置。
背景技术
随着对扬声器的高功率化、防水性能以及高音质等要求的提高，不同橡胶材质的振膜在扬声器领域得到了广泛应用。然而，由于三元乙丙橡胶/二元乙丙橡胶的分子链完全为碳链结构，分子极性低，该材质的振膜难以与外壳粘接，在长期使用中会出现粘接失效的问题，具有可靠性低的缺点。并且，由于三元乙丙橡胶/二元乙丙橡胶材料的分子链顺性较高，材料阻尼性能较低，该材质所制备的振膜，在扬声器使用中极易出现失真的情况，难以满足实际应用的需求。
因此，需要一种新的技术方案，以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种发声装置的振膜。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供上述振膜组成的发声装置。
为了实现以上目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案。
根据本发明第一方面实施例的发声装置的振膜，所述振膜包括至少一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层，所述改性乙丙橡胶膜层由改性乙丙橡胶制成，所述 改性乙丙橡胶由基础橡胶与反应剂进行交联反应形成；其中，所述基础橡胶为三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶，所述反应剂为聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述反应剂的含量为所述基础橡胶和所述反应剂总量的3％～50％。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述振膜的阻尼因子＞0.12。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性乙丙橡胶的拉伸强度为2MPa～45MPa。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性乙丙橡胶的撕裂强度为15N/mm～100N/mm。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性乙丙橡胶的硬度为35A～80A。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述改性乙丙橡胶的室温储能模量为0.5MPa～35MPa。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述振膜形成为单层结构，所述振膜由一层所述改性乙丙橡胶膜层构成。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述振膜为复合层结构，所述振膜包括至少一层所述改性乙丙橡胶膜层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述复合振膜还包括由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层，所述热塑性弹性体为热塑性聚酯弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、热塑性聚酰胺弹性体和有机硅弹性体中的至少一种；所述工程塑料为聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯中的至少一种。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的发声装置，包括振动系统以及与所述振动系统相配合的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和结合在所述振膜一侧的音圈，所述磁路系统驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述振膜发声，所述振膜为根据本发明上述实施例的所述振膜。
根据本发明第三方面实施例的发声装置，包括壳体以及设在所述壳体内的磁路系统和振动系统，所述振动系统包括音圈、第一振膜和第二振膜，所述音圈的顶部与所述第一振膜相连，所述磁路系统驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述第一振膜发声，所述第二振膜的两端分别与所述壳体和所述音圈的底部相连，所述第二振膜为根据本发明上述实施例的所述振膜。
根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，通过在乙丙橡胶中添加反应剂进行交联反应形成的改性乙丙橡胶为原料制备的振膜，不仅使振膜具有优异的机械性能和良好的粘接性，而且提高了振膜的阻尼性能，有利于减少振动过程中振膜的偏振。本发明的振膜的各个部分的振动一致性更好，有效降低了发声装置的失真。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜的不同部位在不同频率下振动位移的测试曲线；
图2为根据本发明实施例的发声装置的结构示意图；
图3为根据本发明实施例的发声装置的爆炸图。
附图标记
发声装置100；
壳体10；音圈11；第一振膜12；第二振膜13；磁路系统14。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
下面结合附图具体描述根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜。
根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，振膜包括至少一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层，改性乙丙橡胶膜层由改性乙丙橡胶制成，改性乙丙橡胶由基础橡胶与反应剂进行交联反应形成。其中，基础橡胶为三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元 乙丙橡胶，反应剂为聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈中的一种或多种。
根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜由至少一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层构成。具体地，本发明中的振膜可以形成单层结构，也可以形成为多层复合结构。当振膜为单层结构时，即振膜由一层本发明的改性乙丙橡胶膜层制成。当振膜为多层复合结构时，振膜包括至少一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层，振膜中的改性乙丙橡胶膜层与其他材料的膜层复合而成。可选地，当振膜中含有多层改性乙丙橡胶膜层时，相邻的两层改性乙丙橡胶膜层之间可以间隔设置，即相邻的两层改性乙丙橡胶膜层之间也可以设置其他材料的膜层，当然相邻的两层改性乙丙橡胶膜层之间也可以贴合设置，可以根据实际的使用需求选择设置，本发明对此不作具体限制。
其中，改性乙丙橡胶膜层是由改性乙丙橡胶制成。通过在基础聚合物中添加反应剂对乙丙橡胶进行改性能够形成改性乙丙橡胶。基础聚合物可以为三元乙丙橡胶或者二元乙丙橡胶，还可以是三元乙丙橡胶和二元乙丙橡胶的混合物。反应剂可以为聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈中的一种或多种。例如，反应剂可以为聚丙烯酸酯和聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯的混合物、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯或者聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈的混合物。
需要说明的是，通过将反应剂(聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯和/或聚丙烯酸酯和/或聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和/或氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈)的加入基础聚合物(三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶)中，反应剂能够与三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶分子之间形成有效的互传网络结构，分子链缠扰增多，分子间内摩擦阻力大，室温下的改性乙丙橡胶处于高弹态，不仅有效地提高了分子 间的极性和与粘接剂之间的粘接力，而且增加了三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶的阻尼性能。也就是说，采用该改性乙丙橡胶为原料制备的振膜具有优异的阻尼性能和回弹性，振动系统在振动发声过程中能有效抑制偏振现象，振动系统的一致性更佳。
相比较于现有技术中的振膜的乙丙橡胶膜层，本发明的振膜的改性乙丙橡胶层具有更高的阻尼和粘接性，在振动系统振动发声的过程中能有效抑制偏振现象，使得振动系统的一致性更佳。
如图1所示，其中，振膜可以为矩形折环振膜。横坐标为频率(Hz),纵坐标为响度位移量(mm)。分别在振膜的中心部的边缘位置以及中心位置取点进行测试，得到振膜的不同部位在不同频率下振动位移的测试曲线。
如图1所示，图1中的各个曲线更集中，这表明，本发明的发声装置的振膜的各个部分的振动一致性更好，在振动过程中，振膜的摇摆少，音质和听音稳定性更加优良。
由此，根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，通过在乙丙橡胶中添加反应剂进行交联反应形成的改性乙丙橡胶为原料制备的振膜，不仅使振膜具有优异的机械性能和良好的粘接性，而且提高了振膜的阻尼性能，有利于减少振动过程中振膜的偏振。本发明的振膜的各个部分的振动一致性更好，有效降低了发声装置的失真。
根据本发明的一个实施例，反应剂的含量为基础橡胶和反应剂总量的3％～50％。
也就是说，可以在基础橡胶中添加占基础橡胶和反应剂总量3％～50％的反应剂。随着反应剂含量的增加，振膜材料的阻尼值和粘结力逐渐增大，通过采用添加占基础橡胶和反应剂总量3％～50％的反应剂所制备的改性乙 丙橡胶为振膜材料，可以同时兼顾振膜的阻尼性能和弹性，有效保证了振膜优良的弹性和阻尼性能。反应剂的质量百分含量可以是3％～50％之间的任意数值，例如，反应剂的质量百分含量可以为3％、10％、15％、20％、30％、40％或者50％。
需要进行说明的是，过量的反应剂的加入，虽然粘接力和阻尼增大，但将会降低材料的回弹性，会导致振膜在振动过程中，摇摆振动增多，音质和听音稳定性变差。由此，当反应剂的添加量在3％～50％(质量百分含量)时，能够保证振膜具有良好的回弹性的同时，可以提升振膜的阻尼性能和粘接性，有效地保证了发声装置的声学性能。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，振膜的阻尼因子＞0.12。
具体地，本发明的振膜在室温下的损耗因子大于0.12。优选地，改性乙丙橡胶膜层的损耗因子＞0.15。本发明中改性乙丙橡胶膜层的损耗因子可以是采用DMA温度扫描模式、1Hz振动频率、3℃/min升温速率得到的数据，其可以与振膜的厚度相配合，可以进一步优化振膜的性能。通常损耗因子越高，材料的阻尼性越好，振膜材料的阻尼性提升有利于减少振动过程中的偏振，降低产品失真，提升听音良率。例如，损耗因子可以为0.12、0.14、0.15、0.16、0.17、0.18、0.19、0.2或者0.25等。也就是说，具有较高的阻尼值的振膜材料制备的振膜具有较低的阻抗曲线，能够提高振膜的阻尼性，振动系统在振动发声过程中能有效抑制偏振现象，振动系统的一致性更佳。
根据本发明的一个实施例，改性乙丙橡胶的拉伸强度为2MPa～45MPa。
根据本发明的一个实施例，改性乙丙橡胶的撕裂强度为15N/mm～100N/mm。
由此，改性乙丙橡胶的拉伸强度在2MPa～45MPa的范围内，撕裂强度在15N/mm～100N/mm的范围内时，改性乙丙橡胶能够具有合适的力学性能，由其制备的振膜，在发声装置的使用过程中，不易出现破膜等问题，有效地保证振膜使用的可靠性。例如，改性乙丙橡胶的拉伸强度可以为2MPa、6MPa、10MPa、16MPa、20MPa、25MPa、30MPa、40MPa或者45MPa。改性乙丙橡胶的撕裂强度可以为15N/mm、30N/mm、45N/mm、50N/mm、70N/mm、90N/mm或者100N/mm。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，改性乙丙橡胶的硬度为35A～80A。
根据本发明的一个实施例，改性乙丙橡胶的室温储能模量为0.5MPa～35MPa。
需要说明的是，发声装置可以是扬声器。该扬声器包括振动系统和与振动系统相互配合的磁路系统。振动系统包括本发明提供的振膜。振膜可以为折环振膜或者平板振膜。具有本发明的振膜的扬声器具有发声效果好、耐用性良好等优点。
其中，该扬声器的F0正比于杨氏模量和厚度(参见式1至式3)，可以通过改变扬声器振膜的厚度以及杨氏模量来实现F0的变化，具体调节原理如下：
Figure PCTCN2022103311-appb-000001
其中，Mms为扬声器的等效振动质量，Cms为扬声器的等效顺性。
Figure PCTCN2022103311-appb-000002
其中，Cms1为弹波顺性,Cms2为振膜顺性。无弹波设计时，扬声器的等效顺性即为振膜顺性。
Figure PCTCN2022103311-appb-000003
其中W为振膜的折环部的总宽度；t为膜片厚度；dvc为振膜音圈贴合外径；E为振膜材质的杨氏模量；u为振膜材质的泊松比。
可见，扬声器的F0正比于模量和厚度，而橡胶的模量正比于其硬度，因此可以使用硬度替代其模量。例如，当想要得到饱满的低音和舒适的听感时，在扬声器具有较低的F0的同时，应使振膜具有足够的刚度和阻尼。由此，通过调节扬声器振膜的硬度以及厚度就能够调节扬声器F0的大小。当将振膜材料的硬度控制在35A～80A的范围内，室温储能模量在0.5MPa～35MPa的范围内时，扬声器的F0的能够达到500Hz～1500Hz，从而使得扬声器具有优良的低频性能。
根据本发明的一个实施例，振膜形成为单层结构，振膜由一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层构成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，振膜形成为复合层结构，振膜包括至少一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层。即当振膜为复合振膜时，可以包括一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层，也可以包括多层改性乙丙橡胶膜层，多层改性乙丙橡胶膜层之前可以相邻设置，也可以间隔设置，具体设置方法可以根据发声装置的具体设计要求来选择。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，复合振膜还包括由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层。热塑性弹性体为热塑性聚酯弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、热塑性聚酰胺弹性体和有机硅弹性体中的至少一种。工程塑料为聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯中的至少一种。
也就是说，当振膜为复合振膜时，复合振膜由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层和改性乙丙橡胶膜层组成。热塑性弹性体和工程塑料的原料可以有多种选择，可以根据具体需求来选择。由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层和改性乙丙橡胶膜层组成的复合振膜具有优良的力学性能，在能够保证一定机械强度的同时，还具有较高的阻尼值。
根据本发明实施例还提供了一种发声装置的振膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1、将反应剂加入到基础橡胶中。S2、将基础橡胶与反应剂进行交联成型，以形成振膜。其中，基础橡胶为三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶，反应剂为聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈中的一种或多种。
由此，通过将反应剂(聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯和/或聚丙烯酸酯和/或聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和/或氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈)加入基础聚合物(三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶)中，反应剂能够与三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶分子之间形成有效的互传网络结构，分子链缠扰增多，分子间内摩擦阻力大，室温下的改性乙丙橡胶处于高弹态，不仅有效地提高了分子间的极性和与粘接剂之间的粘接力，而且增加了三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶的阻尼性能。也就是说，采用该改性乙丙橡胶为原料制备的振膜具有优异的阻尼性能和回弹性，振动系统在振动发声过程中能有效抑制偏振现象，振动系统的一致性更佳。
总而言之，根据本发明实施例的发声装置的振膜，不仅能够保证良好的回弹性和粘接性，提高振膜的使用寿命，而且能够提高振膜的阻尼性能，从而提升了发声装置音质的稳定性。
需要说明的是，本发明提供的振膜可组成任意构造的发声装置，例如 以下典型的发声装置：包括振动系统和与振动系统相配合的磁路系统，振动系统包括振膜和结合在振膜一侧的音圈。当发声装置工作时，音圈通电后在磁路系统的磁场力的作用下，音圈可以上下振动以带动振膜振动，振膜振动时可以进行发声。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的发声装置，包括振动系统以及与振动系统相配合的磁路系统，振动系统包括振膜和结合在振膜一侧的音圈，磁路系统驱动音圈振动以带动振膜发声，振膜为上述实施例的振膜。具体而言，当发声装置工作时，音圈通电后在磁路系统的磁场力的作用下，音圈可以上下振动以带动振膜振动，振膜振动时可以进行发声。
如图2和图3所示，根据本发明第三方面实施例的发声装置100，包括壳体10以及设在壳体10内的磁路系统14和振动系统，振动系统包括音圈11、第一振膜12和第二振膜13，音圈11的顶部与第一振膜12相连，磁路系统14驱动音圈11振动以带动第一振膜12发声，第二振膜13的两端分别与壳体10和音圈11的底部相连，第二振膜13为上述实施例的振膜。
也就是说，第一振膜12可以用于振动发声，第二振膜13可以用于平衡音圈11的振动。具体而言，当发声装置100工作时，音圈11通电后在磁路系统14的磁场力的作用下，音圈11可以上下振动以带动第一振膜12振动，第一振膜12振动时可以进行发声。第二振膜13也可以跟随音圈11上下振动，由于第二振膜13的两端分别与壳体10和音圈11的底部相连，第二振膜13可以平衡音圈11的振动，可以防止音圈11出现偏振的现象，从而可以提升发声装置100的发声效果。
需要进行说明的是，可以将第一振膜12和第二振膜13同时采用本发 明上述实施例的振膜，也可以是第一振膜12和第二振膜13中的一个采用本发明上述实施例的振膜，本发明对此不作具体限制。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的发声装置的振膜进行具体说明。
对比例一
采用70A的三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为基础橡胶，交联反应后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
其中，70A的三元乙丙橡胶配方如下：
按质量份计，EPDM100份；硫磺1份；促进剂3.5份；炭黑50份；石蜡油20份；防老剂2份。
实施例一
将占基础橡胶和反应剂总量3％的反应剂(聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯)与70A三元乙丙橡胶进行交联反应，硫化后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
其中，70A的三元乙丙橡胶配方如下：
按质量份计，EPDM100份；硫磺1份；促进剂3.5份；炭黑50份；石蜡油20份；防老剂2份。
实施例二
将占基础橡胶和反应剂总量5％的反应剂(聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯)与70A三元乙丙橡胶进行交联反应，硫化后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
其中，70A的三元乙丙橡胶配方如下：
按质量份计，EPDM100份；硫磺1份；促进剂3.5份；炭黑50份；石蜡油20份；防老剂2份。
实施例三
将占基础橡胶和反应剂总量40％的反应剂(聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯)与70A三元乙丙橡胶进行交联反应，硫化后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
其中，70A的三元乙丙橡胶配方如下：
按质量份计，EPDM100份；硫磺1份；促进剂3.5份；炭黑50份；石蜡油20份；防老剂2份。
实施例四
将占基础橡胶和反应剂总量50％的反应剂(聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯)与70A三元乙丙橡胶进行交联反应，硫化后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
其中，70A的三元乙丙橡胶配方如下：
按质量份计，EPDM100份；硫磺1份；促进剂3.5份；炭黑50份；石蜡油20份；防老剂2份。
实施例五
将占基础橡胶和反应剂总量60％的反应剂(聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯)与70A三元乙丙橡胶进行交联反应，硫化后形成振膜材料，组装成产品。
其中70A的三元乙丙橡胶配方如下：
按质量份计，EPDM100份；硫磺1份；促进剂3.5份；炭黑50份；石蜡油20份；防老剂2份。
其中，实施例一、实施例二、实施例三、实施例四和实施例五为改性乙丙橡胶制备的振膜。
如表一所示，表一为对比例一、实施例一、实施例二、实施例三、实施例四和实施例五中各反应剂的添加量。需要说明的是，反应剂的添加量为占基础橡胶和反应剂总量的质量百分含量。
表一
Figure PCTCN2022103311-appb-000004
测试指标：损耗因子、定伸50％时的回弹率和粘接力(N)
如表二所示，表二为对对比例一、实施例一、实施例二、实施例三、实施例四和实施例五的振膜进行性能测试的测试结果，体现了反应剂含量对振膜材料的损耗因子、粘接力及定伸应变50％时回弹率的影响。
从表二可以看出，由于对比例中未添加反应剂，阻尼值小，其损耗因子和粘结力最小，随着反应剂含量的增加，振膜材料的阻尼值增大，损耗因 子和粘接力逐渐增大，并具有良好的定伸回弹率。当反应剂的质量百分含量超过40％，随着反应剂含量的继续增加，其定伸回弹率逐渐下降。
由此，反应剂的质量百分含量在3％～50％时形成的振膜材料，不仅能够保证振膜材料具有良好的回弹性和粘接力，在振膜的长期使用过程中，不易出现破膜等问题，提升振膜的使用寿命和可靠性，而且其具有较高的阻尼值，在振动过程中，振膜的摇摆减少，音质和听音稳定性更加优良。
表二
Figure PCTCN2022103311-appb-000005
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜包括至少一层改性乙丙橡胶膜层，所述改性乙丙橡胶膜层由改性乙丙橡胶制成，所述改性乙丙橡胶由基础橡胶与反应剂进行交联反应形成；
    其中，所述基础橡胶为三元乙丙橡胶和/或二元乙丙橡胶，所述反应剂为聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯和氢化聚丁二烯-丙烯腈中的一种或多种。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述反应剂的含量为所述基础橡胶和所述反应剂总量的3％～50％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜的阻尼因子＞0.12。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性乙丙橡胶的拉伸强度为2MPa～45MPa。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性乙丙橡胶的撕裂强度为15N/mm～100N/mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性乙丙橡胶的硬度为35A～80A。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述改性乙丙橡胶的室温储能模量为0.5MPa～35MPa。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜形成为单层结构，所述振膜由一层所述改性乙丙橡胶膜层构成。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜为复合层结构，所述振膜包括至少一层所述改性乙丙橡胶膜层。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的发声装置的振膜，其特征在于，所述振膜还包括由热塑性弹性体和/或工程塑料制成的膜层，所述热塑性弹性体为热塑性聚酯弹性体、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、热塑性聚酰胺弹性体和有机硅弹性体中的至少一种；所述工程塑料为聚醚醚酮、聚芳酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对苯 二甲酸丁二醇酯中的至少一种。
  11. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括振动系统以及与所述振动系统相配合的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和结合在所述振膜一侧的音圈，所述磁路系统驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述振膜发声，所述振膜为权利要求1-10中任一项所述的振膜。
  12. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括壳体以及设在所述壳体内的磁路系统和振动系统，所述振动系统包括音圈、第一振膜和第二振膜，所述音圈的顶部与所述第一振膜相连，所述磁路系统驱动所述音圈振动以带动所述第一振膜发声，所述第二振膜的两端分别与所述壳体和所述音圈的底部相连，所述第二振膜为权利要求1-10中任一项所述的振膜。
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