WO2023026756A1 - 摺動部品 - Google Patents
摺動部品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023026756A1 WO2023026756A1 PCT/JP2022/028963 JP2022028963W WO2023026756A1 WO 2023026756 A1 WO2023026756 A1 WO 2023026756A1 JP 2022028963 W JP2022028963 W JP 2022028963W WO 2023026756 A1 WO2023026756 A1 WO 2023026756A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- groove
- spiral groove
- sliding
- spiral
- seal ring
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
- F16C17/045—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only with grooves in the bearing surface to generate hydrodynamic pressure, e.g. spiral groove thrust bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/107—Grooves for generating pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sliding parts used for shaft seals and bearings of rotating machines.
- a mechanical seal consisting of a pair of annular sliding rings that rotate relative to each other and whose sliding surfaces slide against each other is known as a sliding part that prevents leakage of the sealed fluid around the rotating shaft in a rotating machine.
- a mechanical seal consisting of a pair of annular sliding rings that rotate relative to each other and whose sliding surfaces slide against each other is known as a sliding part that prevents leakage of the sealed fluid around the rotating shaft in a rotating machine.
- a spiral groove which is a positive pressure generating groove that communicates with the leakage side and does not communicate with the liquid to be sealed, is formed through a land portion.
- the fluid on the leakage side is introduced into the spiral groove, and the fluid on the leakage side concentrates on the wall portion of the end of the spiral groove in the direction of relative rotation, generating a positive pressure.
- the sliding surfaces are spaced apart from each other, and a fluid film is formed on the sliding surfaces by the fluid on the leak side, thereby improving lubricity and realizing low friction.
- the fluid on the leakage side pushes back the sealed fluid in the vicinity of the end of the spiral groove in the relative rotation direction, thereby reducing the amount of the sealed fluid leaking to the leakage side.
- the present invention has been made with a focus on such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a sliding component in which fluid is easily introduced into the spiral grooves.
- the sliding component of the present invention is Equipped with a pair of sliding rings that slide relative to each other, A sliding part provided with a spiral groove communicating with at least one of the sealed fluid side and the leakage side space on the sliding surface of the one sliding ring,
- the one sliding ring has an edge portion on the one space side formed with a widening portion that is continuous from the sliding surface of the one sliding ring and widens toward the one space.
- the expanded portion is provided with an inclined groove continuous with the spiral groove and extending toward the one space. According to this, the fluid smoothly moves from the one space into the spiral groove along the bottom surface of the inclined groove that is widened toward the one space, so that the fluid is easily introduced into the spiral groove.
- the inclined groove may extend to the peripheral surface of the one sliding ring on the one space side. According to this, the fluid is easily introduced into the inclined groove from the radial direction.
- a bottom surface of the spiral groove and a bottom surface of the inclined groove may form an obtuse angle. According to this, a vortex is less likely to occur at the boundary between the bottom surface of the spiral groove and the bottom surface of the inclined groove.
- the inclined groove may be formed by an inclined bottom surface that is continuous with the bottom surface of the spiral groove and side surfaces rising from both circumferential ends of the inclined bottom surface. According to this, the fluid is easily introduced into the spiral groove from the inclined groove.
- the slant groove may be formed to have a constant depth. According to this, the fluid introduced into the slanted groove is likely to move smoothly along the bottom surface of the slanted groove.
- the inclined groove may be formed to the same depth as the spiral groove. According to this, the fluid is easily introduced into the spiral groove from the inclined groove.
- the sliding surface of the one sliding ring may be provided with a reverse spiral groove provided on the other space side of the spiral groove and extending in a direction opposite to the spiral groove for generating dynamic pressure.
- the fluid on the other space side that has entered the reverse spiral groove on the other space side of the spiral groove follows due to the shearing with the sliding surface of the one slide ring and moves in the reverse direction. It is returned between the sliding surfaces from the end of the spiral groove on the other space side toward the other space side.
- lubricity can be enhanced not only during forward rotation but also during reverse rotation, and leakage of fluid from one space side to the other space side during reverse rotation can be reduced.
- a spiral groove is one in which the extending direction of the groove has both a radial component and a circumferential component.
- the reverse spiral groove has both a radial component and a circumferential component in the extending direction of the groove, and the direction of the circumferential direction extending from upstream to downstream during relative rotation is opposite to that of the spiral groove. I wish I had.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a mechanical seal in Example 1 of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 1 as seen from the axial direction
- 4 is an enlarged view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 1 as seen from the axial direction
- FIG. (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 3
- (b) is a view of the spiral grooves and the inclined grooves viewed from the inner diameter side.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of spiral grooves and inclined grooves in Example 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 3 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 4 of the present invention, viewed from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 5 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 6 of the present invention, viewed from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 7 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 8 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 4 of the present invention, viewed from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 5 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the
- FIG. 12 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 9 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 20 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 10 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 11 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 11 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 20 is a view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in Example 12 of the present invention as seen from the axial direction;
- FIG. 1 A mechanical seal as a sliding component according to Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
- FIG. In this embodiment, the atmosphere A exists in the inner space S1 of the mechanical seal, and the sealed fluid F exists in the outer space S2. (low pressure side), and the outside diameter side will be described as the sealed fluid side (high pressure side). Also, for convenience of explanation, dots may be attached to grooves formed on the sliding surface in the drawings.
- the mechanical seal shown in FIG. 1 is an inside type in which the sealed fluid F in the outer space S2 that is about to leak from the outer diameter side to the inner diameter side of the sliding surface is sealed and the inner space S1 communicates with the atmosphere A.
- the sealed fluid F is a high-pressure liquid
- the atmosphere A is a gas with a pressure lower than that of the sealed fluid F.
- the mechanical seal is mainly composed of a rotating seal ring 20 as the other sliding ring and a stationary sealing ring 10 as one sliding ring.
- the rotary seal ring 20 has an annular shape and is provided on the rotary shaft 1 through the sleeve 2 so as to be rotatable together with the rotary shaft 1 .
- the stationary seal ring 10 has an annular shape and is provided in a non-rotatable and axially movable state on a seal cover 5 fixed to a housing 4 of a device to which it is attached.
- the stationary seal ring 10 is urged in the axial direction by the elastic member 7, so that the sliding surface 11 of the stationary seal ring 10 and the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20 closely slide against each other.
- the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20 is a flat surface, and this flat surface is not provided with recesses such as grooves.
- the stationary seal ring 10 and the rotary seal ring 20 are typically formed of a combination of SiC (hard material) or SiC (hard material) and carbon (soft material). Any material that is used as a sliding material for mechanical seals can be applied.
- SiC include sintered bodies using boron, aluminum, carbon, etc. as sintering aids, and materials composed of two or more phases with different components and compositions, such as SiC and SiC in which graphite particles are dispersed.
- Metal materials, resin materials, surface modification materials (coating materials), composite materials, etc. are also applicable in addition to the sliding materials described above.
- a plurality of spiral grooves 13 are provided on the sliding surface 11 of the stationary seal ring 10 .
- the spiral grooves 13 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 11 (24 in this embodiment).
- the portion of the sliding surface 11 other than the spiral groove 13 is a land 12 that is arranged on the same plane and forms a flat surface.
- the flat surface of the land 12 functions as a sliding surface that substantially slides against the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20 .
- the edge of the stationary seal ring 10 on the side of the inner space S1 forms a widened portion 17 that widens toward the inner space S1, and has a so-called chamfered shape.
- the widening portion 17 has a plurality of inclined grooves 61 and a widening surface 17a.
- the stationary seal ring 10 has a plurality of slanted grooves 61 and an enlarged surface 17a on the edge of the stationary seal ring 10 on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 11 .
- the widening surfaces 17a are provided (24 in this embodiment) between the adjacent inclined grooves 61 in the circumferential direction at the edge on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 11 and continuous from the sliding surface 11 .
- the inclined groove 61 extends continuously with the spiral groove 13 .
- the expanding surface 17a is gradually deepened from the flat surface of the land 12 toward the inner peripheral surface 10g of the stationary seal ring 10, which is the peripheral surface on the inner space S1 side in this embodiment. It is an inclined tapered surface (see FIG. 4(a)).
- the expanding surface 17a may have irregularities, but is preferably flat.
- the spiral groove 13 extends in an arc shape from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side while being inclined with a counterclockwise component.
- the spiral groove 13 communicates with the inner space S1 and does not communicate with the outer space S2.
- the spiral groove 13 is composed of a bottom surface 13a, side surfaces 13b and 13c, and an outer diameter side end surface 13d.
- the bottom surface 13 a extends radially parallel to the flat surface of the land 12 . That is, the spiral groove 13 is formed to have a constant depth D1 (see FIG. 4A) in the extending direction.
- the side surfaces 13b and 13c rise from both circumferential edges of the bottom surface 13a.
- the outer diameter side end surface 13d rises from the outer diameter end of the bottom surface 13a and is connected to the outer diameter ends of the side surfaces 13b and 13c.
- An opening 13A communicating with the inner space S1 is formed on the inner diameter side of the spiral groove 13. As shown in FIG. Further, the spiral groove 13 is formed so that its width increases from the opening 13A on the inner diameter side toward the end surface 13d on the outer diameter side.
- the spiral groove 13 is continuous with an inclined groove 61 extending in the thickness direction of the stationary seal ring 10 and inclined toward the inner space S1 side. More specifically, the bottom surface 13a of the spiral groove 13 has an edge 13g on the inner diameter side, and an inclined bottom surface 6 extending toward the inner diameter is continuously provided. Specifically, the inclined bottom surface 6 is the bottom surface of the inclined groove 61, and the depth increases from the inner diameter side edge 13g of the bottom surface 13a of the spiral groove 13 toward the inner peripheral surface 10g of the stationary seal ring 10. In other words, it extends linearly so as to increase the distance from the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20 . Also, the inclined bottom surface 6 is parallel to the expanding surface 17a.
- the bottom surface 13a of the spiral groove 13 and the inclined bottom surface 6 form an obtuse angle.
- the bottom surface 13a of the spiral groove 13 and the inclined bottom surface 6 form an obtuse angle. good.
- a small step may be formed in a part of the vicinity of the boundary portion between the bottom surface 13a and the inclined bottom surface 6.
- the inclined bottom surface 6 extends in the direction away from the rotary seal ring 20 toward the inner space S1, that is, in the depth direction of the inclined groove 61 (hereafter, the distance away from the rotary seal ring 20 is simply "depth", and that direction is It is sometimes called “depth direction”.).
- the inclined bottom surface 6 may have unevenness or a curved surface, it is preferably a flat surface.
- the inclined bottom surface 6 and the expanded surface 17a are connected by side surfaces 6b and 6c rising from both circumferential ends of the inclined bottom surface 6. As shown in FIG.
- the side surfaces 6b and 6c are continuous with the side surfaces 13b and 13c of the spiral groove 13 in the radial direction.
- an inclined groove 61 surrounded by the inclined bottom surface 6 and the side surfaces 6b and 6c is formed in the edge of the stationary seal ring 10 on the inner space S1 side. That is, the inclined groove 61 is continuous with the spiral groove 13 and extends inclined in the thickness direction toward the inner space S1 side. In other words, the spiral groove 13 communicates with the inner space S1 through the inclined groove 61 .
- the inclined groove 61 is formed to have a constant depth D2 (see FIG. 4(a)) with respect to the expanded surface 17a.
- the inclined groove 61 is formed to have the same width as the opening 13A of the spiral groove 13.
- the inclined grooves 61 adjacent in the circumferential direction communicate with each other through the communication space S11.
- the communication space S11 is formed between the enlarged portion 17 and the inner diameter side end portion of the rotary seal ring 20 (see FIG. 4(a)).
- FIG. 3 It should be noted that the flow of the atmosphere A in FIG. 3 is schematically shown without specifying the relative rotational speed of the rotary seal ring 20 .
- the atmosphere A flows into the spiral groove 13 when the rotary seal ring 20 is not rotating. Since the stationary seal ring 10 is urged toward the rotary seal ring 20 by the elastic member 7, the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are in contact with each other, and the fluid F to be sealed between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 is kept in contact with each other. There is almost no amount of leaking into the inner space S1.
- the pressure of the atmosphere A that has moved toward the radially outer end surface 13d of the spiral groove 13 is increased at and near the corner 13B formed by the radially outer end surface 13d of the spiral groove 13 and the side surface 13c. That is, a positive pressure is generated at the corner portion 13B of the spiral groove 13 and its vicinity.
- the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are slightly separated from each other due to the positive pressure generated at the corner 13B of the spiral groove 13 and its vicinity (see the white arrow in FIG. 4(a)). As a result, between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21, mainly the atmosphere A in the spiral groove 13 indicated by the arrow H2 flows.
- the atmosphere A in the spiral groove 13 indicated by the arrow H2 acts to push back the sealed fluid F in the vicinity of the corner 13B on the outer diameter side of the spiral groove 13 toward the outer space S2.
- a small amount of the sealed fluid F leaks into S1.
- an inclined groove 61 having an inclined bottom surface 6 inclined so as to widen in the depth direction is continuously provided on the inner diameter side of the spiral groove 13.
- the air A flowing in the radial direction from a position deeper than the spiral groove 13 is smoothly supplied to the opening 13A on the inner diameter side of the spiral groove 13 along the inclined bottom surface 6 forming the inclined groove 61 . Therefore, the atmosphere A is easily introduced into the spiral groove 13, and reduction of the atmosphere A within the spiral groove 13 can be suppressed. In other words, a vortex is less likely to occur between the bottom surface 13 a of the spiral groove 13 and the inclined bottom surface 6 . That is, it is possible to avoid poor lubrication between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 during low-speed rotation.
- the inclined groove 61 extends to the inner peripheral surface 10g of the stationary seal ring 10 and communicates with the inner space S1, the atmosphere A is easily introduced into the inclined groove 61 from the radial direction.
- the inclined groove 61 is provided continuously with the spiral groove 13 . That is, since the inclined groove 61 is provided in the stationary seal ring 10 in which the spiral groove 13 is provided, regardless of the relative positions of the stationary seal ring 10 and the rotary seal ring 20 in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, the inclined groove 61 and the spiral groove 13 can always be kept constant.
- the inclined grooves 61 are connected in the radial direction (arrow in FIG. 3). H1) and the circumferential direction (see arrow H3 in FIG. 3).
- the inclined groove 61 is formed to have a constant depth D2 (see FIG. 4A) with respect to the expanded surface 17a, the atmosphere A introduced into the inclined groove 61 reaches the bottom surface of the inclined groove 61. It is easy to move smoothly along a certain inclined bottom surface 6. - ⁇
- the stationary seal ring 10 can be formed by forming the enlarged portion 17 by forming the enlarged portion 17a by processing the spiral groove 13 and the inclined groove 61 by laser or the like after forming the annular enlarged surface 17a on the stationary seal ring 10 by grinding or the like. is easy to manufacture.
- the inclined groove 61 has the side surfaces 6b and 6c, the atmosphere A introduced into the inclined groove 61 is radially guided toward the spiral groove 13.
- the enlarged surface 17a does not form an edge on the inner diameter side of the inclined groove 61, it is possible to avoid damage to the inner diameter side end of the spiral groove 13 during relative rotational sliding.
- the expanded surface 17a extends between the adjacent inclined grooves 61 in the circumferential direction, but the expanded surface may be interrupted in the circumferential direction.
- the bottom surface of the spiral groove extends in the radial direction parallel to the flat surface of the land.
- the bottom surface may be formed with an inclined surface so as to be shallow.
- the inclined groove has an inclined bottom surface extending in the radial direction parallel to the expanding surface.
- An inclined bottom surface may be formed so as to be shallow.
- the inclined groove and the spiral groove are formed to the same depth, but the inclined groove may be deeper than the spiral groove.
- the spiral groove is formed so that the width increases from the opening on the inner diameter side toward the end surface on the outer diameter side. It may be formed to have the same width up to the end, or the end portion on the outer diameter side may be formed in a tapered shape.
- the spiral grooves are all formed to the same depth. They may be arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the sliding surface.
- the pressure distribution during relative rotation between the stationary seal ring and the rotary seal ring may be optimized.
- the inclined bottom surface 36 forming the inclined groove 261 extends from the inner diameter side edge of the bottom surface 13a of the spiral groove 13 to the inner diameter side. , and unlike the first embodiment, the inclined bottom surface 36 does not continue to the inner peripheral surface of the stationary seal ring 210 .
- An end surface 36a extending parallel to the flat surface of the land 12 further extends radially inward from the inner diameter end of the inclined bottom surface 36, and the inner diameter end of the end surface 36a continues to the expanded surface 17a.
- the atmosphere A is smoothly supplied into the spiral groove 13 along the inclined bottom surface 36 forming the inclined groove 261 .
- the sliding surface 311 of the stationary seal ring 310 is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves 13, 315 having different lengths. Specifically, on the sliding surface 311, the same spiral grooves 13 as in the first embodiment and spiral grooves 315 longer in the extending direction than the spiral grooves 13 are regularly arranged in the circumferential direction.
- the operation during relative rotation between the stationary seal ring 310 and the rotary seal ring 20 is substantially the same as that in the first embodiment except that the length of the spiral groove 315 in the extending direction is different, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
- the sliding surface 411 of the stationary seal ring 410 is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves 13, 314, 315 having different lengths.
- the sliding surface 411 includes the same spiral groove 13 as that of the first embodiment, a spiral groove 314 whose length in the extending direction is shorter than that of the spiral groove 13, and a spiral groove 314 whose length in the extending direction is shorter than that of the spiral groove 13.
- Long spiral grooves 315 are regularly arranged in the circumferential direction.
- the operation during relative rotation between the stationary seal ring 410 and the rotary seal ring 20 is substantially the same as in the first embodiment, except that the lengths of the spiral grooves 314 and 315 in the extending direction are different, so the description thereof will be omitted. .
- two types of spiral grooves 13, 315 and in the third embodiment, three types of spiral grooves 13, 314, 315 are regularly arranged in the circumferential direction.
- Four or more types of spiral grooves may be provided, and the arrangement of each spiral groove in the circumferential direction may be freely changed.
- the circumferential arrangement of the spiral grooves preferably has regularity from the viewpoint of optimizing the pressure distribution during relative rotation between the stationary seal ring and the rotary seal ring.
- the sliding surface 511 of the stationary seal ring 510 is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves 513, 515 having different lengths.
- a spiral groove 513 having the same length in the extending direction as that of the first embodiment and a spiral groove 515 having a longer length in the extending direction than the spiral groove 513 are arranged regularly in the circumferential direction. are placed in The spiral grooves 513 and 515 are composed of shallow groove portions 513a and 515a and deep groove portions 513b and 515b.
- the spiral grooves 513 and 515 are formed as two stepped grooves by shallow groove portions 513a and 515a and deep groove portions 513b and 515b.
- the shallow groove portions 513a and 515a and the deep groove portions 513b and 515b are formed to have depths that can generate dynamic pressure.
- the deep groove portions 513b and 515b are formed at the ends of the spiral grooves 513 and 515 on the outer diameter side.
- the shallow groove portions 513a and 515a extend from the inner diameter side end portions of the spiral grooves 513 and 515 along both side surfaces to the outer diameter side end surfaces 513d and 515d.
- the groove portion that mainly generates positive pressure can be changed according to the relative rotational speed between the stationary seal ring 510 and the rotary seal ring 20. Also, at this time, the pressure generated in the deep groove portions 513b and 515b becomes a negative pressure relative to the pressure generated in the shallow groove portions 513a and 515a. Therefore, the atmosphere A introduced into the spiral grooves 513 and 515 is promoted to move toward the outer diameter side ends in the order of the shallow groove portions 513a and 515a and the deep groove portions 513b and 515b. Further, by providing the deep groove portions 513b and 515b, the fluid in the spiral grooves 513 and 515 is less likely to dry up.
- the deep groove portions 513b and 515b are formed at the outer diameter side end portions of the spiral grooves 513 and 515, but the deep groove portions are formed at the inner diameter side end portions of the spiral grooves. may have been Even in this case, the atmosphere A introduced into the spiral groove is promoted to flow toward the end on the outer diameter side in the order of the deep groove portion and the shallow groove portion.
- the spiral groove is formed as a two-step groove with a shallow groove portion and a deep groove portion, but the spiral groove has three or more steps in the extending direction of the groove. It may be formed as a groove.
- a plurality of spiral grooves 613 are provided on the sliding surface 611 of the stationary seal ring 610 in the mechanical seal of the sixth embodiment.
- the spiral groove 613 extends linearly from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side while being inclined with a counterclockwise component.
- the spiral groove 613 is formed as a stepped groove whose depth becomes shallower from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side.
- the spiral groove 613 includes a substantially rectangular first groove portion 613a, a substantially L-shaped second groove portion 613b having a width larger than the first groove portion 613a, and a substantially L-shaped groove portion 613b having a width larger than the second groove portion 613b. L-shaped third groove portion 613c.
- the depth of the first groove portion 613a formed on the inner diameter side is the deepest, and the depths of the second groove portion 613b and the third groove portion 613c become shallower in this order.
- the spiral groove 613 is formed as a three-step groove by a first groove portion 613a, a second groove portion 613b, and a third groove portion 613c.
- the first groove portion 613a, the second groove portion 613b, and the third groove portion 613c are each formed to have a depth capable of generating dynamic pressure.
- a first inclined bottom surface 606a, a second inclined bottom surface 606b, and a third inclined bottom surface extending toward the inner diameter side are formed on the inner diameter side edge of each bottom surface.
- 606c is continuously provided.
- the first inclined bottom surface 606 a , the second inclined bottom surface 606 b , and the third inclined bottom surface 606 c are bottom surfaces of the inclined groove 661 .
- the first inclined bottom surface 606a, the second inclined bottom surface 606b, and the third inclined bottom surface 606c are parallel to the expanding surface 17a. That is, the inclined groove 661 is formed as a stepped groove whose depth becomes shallower in the direction of relative rotation.
- the groove portion that mainly generates positive pressure can be changed. Also, even in this case, the flow of the air A introduced into the spiral groove 613 moving toward the end on the outer diameter side in the order of the first groove 613a, the second groove 613b, and the third groove 613c is promoted. be done.
- the first inclined groove forming the inclined groove 661 is formed on the edge on the inner diameter side of each bottom surface.
- the spiral groove has substantially rectangular first grooves, second grooves, and the like having the same width.
- the third groove portion is arranged continuously from the inner diameter side of the spiral groove, and the inner diameter side edge of the bottom surface of the first groove portion on the inner diameter side of the spiral groove is continuous with the inclined bottom surface of the inclined groove. may be provided. Even in this case, the flow of the atmosphere A introduced into the spiral groove moving toward the end on the outer diameter side in order of the first groove, the second groove, and the third groove is promoted.
- the spiral groove is formed as a three-step groove by the first groove portion, the second groove portion, and the third groove portion. It may be formed as a step or a stepped groove with four or more steps.
- the sliding surface 711 of the stationary seal ring 710 is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves 13, 715 and discharge grooves 716 having different lengths. Specifically, on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 711, the same spiral grooves 13 as in the first embodiment and spiral grooves 715 longer in the extending direction than the spiral grooves 13 are regularly arranged in the circumferential direction. ing. Discharge grooves 716 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction (six in the seventh embodiment) on the outer diameter side of the sliding surface 711 .
- the discharge groove 716 is a spiral groove formed on the extension of the spiral groove 13 in the extending direction, and communicates with the outer space S2 and does not communicate with the inner space S1.
- the shape of the discharge groove 716 is a spiral groove formed on the extension of the spiral groove 13 in the extending direction, but the discharge groove communicates with the outer space S2.
- the shape may be freely changed as long as it does not communicate with the inner space S1.
- a plurality of dynamic pressure generating mechanisms 813 are provided on the sliding surface 811 of the stationary seal ring 810 .
- the dynamic pressure generating mechanisms 813 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 811 (eight in the eighth embodiment).
- the dynamic pressure generating mechanism 813 is composed of three spiral grooves 813a, 813b, 813c.
- the spiral grooves 813a, 813b, and 813c extend in an arc shape from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side while being inclined with a counterclockwise component.
- the spiral grooves 813a, 813b, and 813c have different radial and circumferential components in the groove extending direction, with the spiral groove 813a being the shortest, and the spiral grooves 813b and 813c becoming longer in that order. ing.
- the outer diameter side end surface 813d of the spiral groove 813a, the outer diameter side end surface 813e of the spiral groove 813b, and the outer diameter side corner portion 813f of the spiral groove 813c are located at the same position in the circumferential direction, that is, straight in the radial direction. arranged in a row.
- the spiral grooves 813a, 813b, and 813c forming the plurality of dynamic pressure generating mechanisms 813 are evenly arranged in the radial direction of the sliding surface 811 on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 811. Pressure can be evenly distributed.
- a plurality of spiral grooves 913 are provided on the sliding surface 911 of the stationary seal ring 910 .
- the spiral grooves 913 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 911 (12 in the ninth embodiment).
- the spiral groove 913 extends linearly from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side while being inclined with a counterclockwise component. More specifically, one side surface 913 c of the spiral groove 913 extends in a direction tangential to the inner peripheral surface 910 g of the stationary seal ring 910 .
- the spiral groove 913 has the other side surface 913b extending parallel to the one side surface 913c.
- An outer end face 913d of the spiral groove 913 is orthogonally connected to the outer diameter ends of the side surfaces 913b and 913c, respectively, so that the outer end of the spiral groove 913 has a rectangular shape.
- the mechanical seal of Example 10 differs from the mechanical seal of Example 1 in that the spiral groove is arranged on the outer diameter side of the sliding surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the sealed fluid F exists in the inner space S1 of the mechanical seal, the atmosphere A exists in the outer space S2, and the inner diameter side of the sliding ring constituting the mechanical seal is sealed. It differs from the mechanical seal of Example 1 in that the fluid side (high pressure side) and the outer diameter side are the leakage side (low pressure side). Further, it differs from the mechanical seal of the first embodiment in that the rotary seal ring 20 slides clockwise relative to the stationary seal ring 10 as indicated by the solid line arrow.
- a plurality of spiral grooves 1013 are provided on the sliding surface 1011 of the stationary seal ring 1010 in the mechanical seal of the tenth embodiment.
- the spiral grooves 1013 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction (24 in this embodiment) on the outer diameter side of the sliding surface 1011 .
- the edge of the stationary seal ring 1010 on the side of the outer space S2 serves as an enlarged portion 107, and is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves 1061 and an enlarged surface 1017a.
- a plurality of inclined grooves 1061 and an enlarged surface 1017a are provided on the edge of the stationary seal ring 1010 on the outer diameter side of the sliding surface 1011 .
- the atmosphere A is smoothly supplied into the spiral groove 1013 along the inclined bottom surface 1006 forming the inclined groove 1061 .
- a plurality of dynamic pressure generating grooves 1116 are provided on the sliding surface 1111 of the stationary seal ring 1110 .
- the dynamic pressure generating grooves 1116 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction (24 grooves in this embodiment) on the inner diameter side of the sliding surface 1111 .
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 1116 is composed of a spiral groove 1113 and a reverse spiral groove 1115 formed continuously on the outer diameter side of these spiral grooves 1113 and extending in a direction opposite to the spiral groove 1113 to generate dynamic pressure. and forms an L shape.
- “extending in the opposite direction to the spiral groove” means that the spiral groove 1113 extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side while being inclined with a component in the forward rotation direction, and the reverse spiral groove 1115 extends from the inner diameter side. It means that it extends toward the outer diameter side while being inclined with a component in the reverse rotation direction.
- the reverse spiral groove 1115 extends linearly from the inner diameter side end toward the outer diameter side while being inclined in the reverse rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20 . is closed so as to be out of communication with the outer space S2.
- the reverse spiral groove 1115 is not limited to extending linearly while being inclined, and may extend in an arc shape.
- the length of extension of the reverse spiral groove 1115 is shorter than the length of extension of the spiral groove 1113 .
- the depth of the reverse spiral groove 1115 is the same as the depth of the spiral groove 1113 . That is, the bottom surface of the reverse spiral groove 1115 is arranged flush with the bottom surface of the continuous spiral groove 1113 to form a flat surface.
- the bottom surface of the spiral groove 1113 and the bottom surface of the reverse spiral groove 1115 are not limited to flat surfaces, and may be inclined or uneven.
- the positive pressure generated mainly in the spiral groove 1113 of the dynamic pressure generating groove 1116 causes the air A flowing from the inner space S1 between the sliding surfaces 1111 and 21 to flow. Since the fluid to be sealed F is sucked and pushed back toward the outer space S2, leakage of the fluid to be sealed F from between the sliding surfaces 1111 and 21 to the inner space S1 is suppressed.
- the rotary seal ring 20 rotates in the reverse direction, the sealed fluid F, which has entered the reverse spiral groove 1115 on the outer diameter side of the spiral groove 1113, is sheared with the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20 and moves accordingly.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 1116 includes the spiral groove 1113 and the reverse spiral groove 1115 which rotate in different directions mainly for generating dynamic pressure, the sliding surfaces 1111 and 21 are kept in contact with each other during both rotations. Wear can be suppressed by separating them, and leakage of the sealed fluid F into the inner space S1 from between the sliding surfaces 1111 and 21 can be suppressed.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 1116 has an L-shape formed by the spiral groove 1113 and the reverse spiral groove 1115, during normal rotation, air A is sucked into the spiral groove 1113 from the inner space S1, and the outer diameter end A positive pressure can be generated by collecting the sealed fluid F sucked into the reverse spiral groove 1115 from the acute angle portion 1116C. Further, during reverse rotation, the fluid to be sealed F can be pushed back toward the outer space S2 by the dynamic pressure generated in the reverse spiral groove 1115, so that the intrusion of the fluid to be sealed F into the spiral groove 1113 can be suppressed. Thus, leakage of the sealed fluid F into the inner space S1 through the spiral groove 1113 can be suppressed.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 1216 in the sliding surface 1211 of the stationary seal ring 1210 extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side and is a spiral groove that generates dynamic pressure. It is composed of a groove 1213 and a reverse spiral groove 1215 which is radially separated from the spiral groove 1213 and extends in the opposite direction to the spiral groove 1213 to generate dynamic pressure. That is, the dynamic pressure generating groove 1216 has a configuration in which the spiral groove 1213 and the reverse spiral groove 1215 are separated in the radial direction by the annular land portion 1212d.
- the inner diameter end of the spiral groove 1213 communicates with the inner space S1, and extends in an arc shape from the inner diameter end toward the outer diameter side while being inclined in the forward rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20.
- the linear outer diameter end is closed so as to be in a non-communicating state with the reverse spiral groove 1215 .
- the reverse spiral groove 1215 has a substantially parallelogram shape, and extends linearly from the inner diameter end toward the outer diameter side while being inclined in the reverse rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20 . It is blocked so as to be in a non-communication state with S2.
- the rotary seal ring 20 rotates forward, the positive pressure generated in the spiral groove 1213 and the reverse spiral groove 1215 of the dynamic pressure generating groove 1216 flows from the outer space S2 into the sliding surfaces 1211 and 21. Since the sealed fluid F is sucked and pushed back toward the outer space S2, leakage of the sealed fluid F from between the sliding surfaces 1211 and 21 to the inner space S1 is suppressed.
- the rotary seal ring 20 rotates in the reverse direction, the sealed fluid F, which has entered the reverse spiral groove 1215 on the outer diameter side of the spiral groove 1213, is sheared with the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20 and moves accordingly.
- Leakage of the sealed fluid F into the internal space S1 can be reduced by returning the fluid F from the end of the reverse spiral groove 1215 toward the outer diameter side between the sliding surfaces 1211 and 21 .
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 1216 includes the spiral groove 1213 and the reverse spiral groove 1215 that rotate in different directions for main dynamic pressure generation. Wear can be suppressed by separating them, and leakage of the sealed fluid F into the inner space S1 from between the sliding surfaces 1211 and 21 can be suppressed.
- annular land portion 1212d is formed which is continuous in the circumferential direction and has a width of at least a predetermined width in the radial direction. Since the spiral groove 1215 is separated from the spiral groove 1215, when the rotary seal ring 20 rotates in the reverse direction, the sealed fluid F is sucked into the reverse spiral groove 1215 from the acute angle portion 1215C on the outer diameter side of the annular land portion 1212d and captured. Therefore, the sealed fluid F is suppressed from entering the spiral groove 1213 beyond the annular land portion 1212d, and the sealed fluid F leaking into the inner space S1 through the spiral groove 1213 can be further reduced. .
- spiral groove 1213 and the reverse spiral groove 1215 are separated by the annular land portion 1212d, the spiral groove 1213 and the reverse spiral groove 1215 do not interfere with each other's generation of dynamic pressure during both rotations. Easy to exert dynamic pressure effect.
- a mechanical seal was used as a sliding component, but the sliding component may be a shaft sealing component other than a mechanical seal. Furthermore, the sliding component may be other than the shaft sealing component, such as a bearing component.
- the spiral groove and the reverse spiral groove are provided in the stationary seal ring, but the spiral groove and the reverse spiral groove may be provided in the rotary seal ring.
- one sliding ring of the present invention may be either a stationary seal ring or a rotating seal ring.
- the sealed fluid side has been described as the high pressure side
- the leak side has been described as the low pressure side, but the sealed fluid side and the leak side may have substantially the same pressure.
- the sealed fluid F is a high-pressure liquid, but it is not limited to this, and may be a gas or a low-pressure liquid, or may be a mist mixture of liquid and gas. good too.
- the fluid on the leak side is explained to be the atmosphere A, which is a low-pressure gas. It may be in the form of a mist.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mechanical Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
互いに相対摺動する一対の摺動環を備え、
前記一方の摺動環の摺動面には、被密封流体側または漏れ側の少なくとも一方の空間に連通するスパイラル溝が設けられた摺動部品であって、
前記一方の摺動環における前記一方の空間側の縁部には、前記一方の摺動環の摺動面から連続し前記一方の空間に向けて拡開された拡開部が形成されており、
前記拡開部には、前記スパイラル溝と連続し前記一方の空間に向けて延びる傾斜溝が設けられている。
これによれば、一方の空間に向けて拡開された傾斜溝の底面に沿って流体が、一方の空間からスパイラル溝内にスムーズに移動するため、スパイラル溝内に流体が導入されやすい。
これによれば、傾斜溝に対して径方向から流体が導入されやすい。
これによれば、スパイラル溝の底面と傾斜溝の底面との境界部分で渦が生じにくい。
これによれば、傾斜溝からスパイラル溝内に流体が導入されやすい。
これによれば、傾斜溝に導入された流体が傾斜溝の底面に沿ってスムーズに移動しやすい。
これによれば、傾斜溝からスパイラル溝内に流体が導入されやすい。
これによれば、逆回転時において、スパイラル溝よりも他方の空間側で逆スパイラル溝内に進入した他方の空間側の流体が一方の摺動環の摺動面とのせん断により追随移動し逆スパイラル溝の他方の空間側の端部から他方の空間側に向けて摺動面間に戻される。これにより、正回転時に加えて逆回転時にも潤滑性を高めることができるとともに、逆回転時において一方の空間側への他方の空間側の流体の漏れを減らすことができる。
2 スリーブ
4 ハウジング
6 傾斜底面
10 静止密封環(一方の摺動環)
10g 内周面(一方の空間側の周面)
11 摺動面
12 ランド
13 スパイラル溝
13A 開口
13B 角部
13a 底面
13b,13c 側面
13d 端面
13g 端縁
17 拡開部
20 回転密封環(他方の摺動環)
21 摺動面
61 傾斜溝
A 大気
F 被密封流体
S1 内空間(漏れ側の空間)
S2 外空間(被密封流体側の空間)
S11 連通空間
Claims (7)
- 互いに相対摺動する一対の摺動環を備え、
前記一方の摺動環の摺動面には、被密封流体側または漏れ側の少なくとも一方の空間に連通するスパイラル溝が設けられた摺動部品であって、
前記一方の摺動環における前記一方の空間側の縁部には、前記一方の摺動環の摺動面から連続し前記一方の空間に向けて拡開された拡開部が形成されており、
前記拡開部には、前記スパイラル溝と連続し前記一方の空間に向けて延びる傾斜溝が設けられている摺動部品。 - 前記傾斜溝は、前記一方の摺動環における前記一方の空間側の周面まで延びている請求項1に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記スパイラル溝の底面と前記傾斜溝の底面とが鈍角を成している請求項1に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記傾斜溝は、前記スパイラル溝の底面と連続する傾斜底面と、前記傾斜底面の周方向両端縁から立ち上がる側面と、により形成されている請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の摺動部品。
- 前記傾斜溝は、一定の深さに形成されている請求項1に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記傾斜溝は、前記スパイラル溝と同じ深さに形成されている請求項5に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記一方の摺動環の摺動面には、前記スパイラル溝の前記他方の空間側に設けられ前記スパイラル溝に対して逆方向に延び動圧を発生させる逆スパイラル溝が備えられている請求項1に記載の摺動部品。
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59231269A (ja) * | 1983-06-14 | 1984-12-25 | Arai Pump Mfg Co Ltd | メカニカルシ−ル |
JPS6182177U (ja) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-31 | ||
JPS6231775A (ja) | 1985-07-31 | 1987-02-10 | Ebara Res Co Ltd | 軸封装置 |
JPH0599344A (ja) * | 1990-07-18 | 1993-04-20 | Ebara Corp | 非接触端面シール |
US6152452A (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2000-11-28 | Wang; Yuming | Face seal with spiral grooves |
JP2005180652A (ja) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Eagle Ind Co Ltd | 摺動部品 |
-
2022
- 2022-07-27 WO PCT/JP2022/028963 patent/WO2023026756A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-07-27 KR KR1020247007308A patent/KR20240040817A/ko unknown
- 2022-07-27 JP JP2023543762A patent/JPWO2023026756A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-07-27 CN CN202280056811.6A patent/CN117836545A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59231269A (ja) * | 1983-06-14 | 1984-12-25 | Arai Pump Mfg Co Ltd | メカニカルシ−ル |
JPS6182177U (ja) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-31 | ||
JPS6231775A (ja) | 1985-07-31 | 1987-02-10 | Ebara Res Co Ltd | 軸封装置 |
JPH0599344A (ja) * | 1990-07-18 | 1993-04-20 | Ebara Corp | 非接触端面シール |
US6152452A (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2000-11-28 | Wang; Yuming | Face seal with spiral grooves |
JP2005180652A (ja) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Eagle Ind Co Ltd | 摺動部品 |
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KR20240040817A (ko) | 2024-03-28 |
JPWO2023026756A1 (ja) | 2023-03-02 |
CN117836545A (zh) | 2024-04-05 |
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