WO2023024357A1 - 一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母 - Google Patents

一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母 Download PDF

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WO2023024357A1
WO2023024357A1 PCT/CN2021/140284 CN2021140284W WO2023024357A1 WO 2023024357 A1 WO2023024357 A1 WO 2023024357A1 CN 2021140284 W CN2021140284 W CN 2021140284W WO 2023024357 A1 WO2023024357 A1 WO 2023024357A1
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locking nut
self
locking
pallet
cylinder
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PCT/CN2021/140284
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English (en)
French (fr)
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单垄垄
张晓斌
齐增星
杨乾
吴琳琅
张涵
林磊
万冰华
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航天精工股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023024357A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023024357A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of fasteners, and in particular relates to a novel pallet self-locking nut with excellent locking performance.
  • the pallet self-locking nuts used in the fields of aviation and aircraft have complex application environments, and they need to have high strength, anti-loosening, durability, and can meet the needs of repeated disassembly and assembly, and even some application environments require pallet self-locking nuts It still has locking performance under certain high temperature environment.
  • the existing supporting plate self-locking nut consists of two structures: a supporting plate and a cylinder.
  • Figure 1-b single ear support plate (single ear double hole as shown in Figure 1-c, single ear single hole as shown in Figure 1-d) three supporting plate structure types;
  • the interior of the cylinder is a through internal thread structure.
  • Some types of self-locking nuts of the pallet also have a stepped hole larger than the major diameter of the internal thread inside the cylinder in the direction of the pallet. As shown in Figure 2, the thread used to avoid bolts ending;
  • the shape of the cylinder is a cylindrical structure before closing, but after the deformation of the closing, the cylinder with a partial height will be deformed into an ellipse-like structure, and deformed together with the internal thread, so that the nut has a self-locking function.
  • GB930-88 Self-locking Nuts for Two-Ear Plates
  • HB8056-2002 MJ thread single ear double hole support plate self-locking nut
  • HB8058-2002 MJ thread double ear support plate self-locking nut
  • HB8059-2002 MJ thread angle support plate
  • HB series pallet self-locking nuts are made of 16CrSiNi material with better performance, and the strength is increased to 900-1100MPa.
  • the thread adopts MJ aviation thread.
  • performance requirements such as permanent deformation, vibration, unscrewing, pushing out, and salt spray corrosion resistance are added.
  • the current pallet self-locking nut has the following problems:
  • the pallet self-locking nut is fixed by rivets.
  • the fixed pallet self-locking nut can only be installed and used in the original position for 15 times. After more than 15 times of use, the locking performance of the nut will not be assessed, so the thread pair faces the problem of loosening. Risks, especially in areas where there are repeated disassembly and assembly operations such as aircraft covers.
  • the self-locking nuts of the pallet Before the aircraft is delivered to use in some areas, the self-locking nuts of the pallet have been repeatedly assembled and disassembled 7 to 9 times. During later repairs/maintenance in this area, the pallet will exceed the pallet. The probability of using the self-locking nut is extremely high;
  • the irregular ellipse-like closing structure is easy to cause irreversible damage to the external thread and coating/plating of the bolt when installing the bolt, such as thread picking of the bolt, internal and external thread "seizure", etc., stainless steel, superalloy material support
  • the plate self-locking nut is particularly obvious.
  • the ground test and actual installation show that when the plate self-locking nut is assembled and disassembled for the same bolt for about 8 to 10 times, the coating/plating on the external thread of the bolt basically peels off, accompanied by coating/plating powder and metal Powder falls. Therefore, in order to improve the locking performance of the pallet self-locking nut, make it have a higher number of repeated uses and reduce the risk of thread pair seizure, it is necessary to optimize the design of the closing structure of the pallet self-locking nut.
  • the present invention aims to propose a novel pallet self-locking nut with excellent locking performance, so as to improve the service life of the fastening connection parts of the aircraft, reduce the risk of damage to the thread pair, facilitate installation and maintenance, and reduce the cost of use.
  • a new type of supporting plate self-locking nut with excellent locking performance characterized in that: it includes a supporting plate and a cylinder, the front end of the cylinder is provided with a tapered closing part, and the side wall of the closing part is evenly opened with a plurality of grooves , the width of the opening of the groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the groove.
  • the bottom of the groove is U-shaped to avoid stress concentration.
  • the number of the grooves is 2-12, such as 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and so on.
  • a stepped hole communicating with the cylinder is opened on the supporting plate.
  • the material of the pallet self-locking nut includes but not limited to ML25, 30CrMnSi, 1Cr17Ni2, 16CrSiNi, A286, GH2132, GH4169.
  • the cross-section of the column is a circle or a regular polygon, such as a circle, a regular hexagon, a square, and the like.
  • the threads in the cylinder are M threads or MJ threads.
  • the processing method of the pallet self-locking nut as described above comprises the following steps:
  • the cylinder of the nut blank is evenly processed into a plurality of closing grooves, and the front end of the cylinder of the nut blank is closed by the closing device to form a tapered closing part.
  • the opening width of the closing groove ⁇ the bottom width of the groove.
  • the novel pallet self-locking nut with excellent locking performance described in the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the pallet self-locking nut of the present invention has a slotted conical closing structure, and when repeated assembly and disassembly locking tests, the locking torque and the loosening torque have a stable attenuation trend, satisfying the locking performance of at least 25 times , and can reduce the risk of "seizure" of the thread pair during installation.
  • the installation conditions and use requirements are the same as the existing pallet self-locking nuts, and it can replace the existing pallet self-locking nuts in situ, and has a wide application prospect;
  • the self-locking nut of the pallet described in the present invention is made of a superalloy material, which can meet the locking performance of at least 25 times after being exposed to the highest temperature for a period of time, and the remaining mechanical properties do not change, which meets the requirements of the aircraft use environment requirements.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the existing pallet self-locking nut described in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1-a is the structural schematic diagram of the double-eared pallet self-locking nut, and 1-b is the structure diagram of the angle-shaped pallet self-locking nut Schematic diagram of the structure, 1-c is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking nut of the single-ear double-hole pallet, and 1-d is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking nut of the single-ear single-hole pallet;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped hole described in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pallet self-locking nut described in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pallet self-locking nut according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific situations.
  • the double-ear self-locking nut made of 30CrMnSi material is used as the raw material.
  • the cylinder 2 of the self-locking nut is cylindrical, and the cutting device is used to cut evenly on the cylinder 2 to form 6 U-shaped closing grooves.
  • the width of the opening is the same as the width of the bottom of the groove, and the front end of the cylinder 2 is closed by the closing device to form a closing part 8, and the closing groove is extruded to form a groove 9 with a certain inner taper, and the width of the opening of the groove 9 is smaller than the width of the bottom of the groove , to obtain the pallet self-locking nut of the present invention.
  • Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the material of the pallet self-locking nut in Example 2 is GH2132, and other processing steps are the same as in Example 1.
  • Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the bracket self-locking nut in the comparative example does not cut a closing groove before closing, and other processing steps are the same as in Example 1.
  • the supporting plate self-locking nuts prepared in embodiment 1 and comparative examples are respectively subjected to performance tests, including axial load performance test, permanent deformation performance test, vibration performance test, unscrewing performance test, push-out performance test, microstructure performance test, Surface discontinuity performance test, salt and fog resistance performance test, and locking torque performance test at room temperature. After exposing the pallet self-locking nuts prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example to 225°C for a certain period of time, they were then locked at room temperature. Tightening torque performance test.
  • the test results show that the supporting plate self-locking nuts prepared in Example 1 and the comparative example have better performance in axial load performance, permanent deformation performance, vibration performance, unscrewing performance, push-out performance, microstructure, surface discontinuity performance, salt resistance and fog resistance.
  • the performance is exactly the same.
  • the locking torque performance of the pallet self-locking nut prepared in Example 1 can meet at least 25 times, and can reduce the risk of "seizure" of the thread pair during installation. When the locking test is repeated for 25 times , the locking torque and the loosening torque have a stable attenuation trend.
  • the attenuation of the first and 25th test data is generally 20-30%.
  • the locking torque and loosening torque still meet the requirements of the technical specification, while the performance of the locking torque of the pallet self-locking nut prepared in the comparison ratio can be satisfied 15 times.
  • the attenuation of the first and 15th test data is generally about 40%, and there is a probability of more than 50%.
  • the test torque is increased once, the phenomenon of "seizure" occurs; when the limit locking test is repeated for assembly and disassembly, generally 20 to 30 times, the locking performance attenuation exceeds the technical specification requirements. It proves that the pallet self-locking nut prepared by the present invention can increase the number of repeated uses and avoid the "seizure" of the thread pair.
  • the existing pallet self-locking nut has a cylindrical structure before the cylinder 2 closes. After closing, affected by factors such as tooling and equipment, the cylindrical closing is deformed into an elliptical shape, and the deformation height is about 2 to 3 pitches.
  • the internal thread 3 inside the cylinder 2 is deformed into a similar ellipse structure.
  • the supporting plate self-locking nut prepared by the present invention adopts a slotted structure type, and the column body 2 is divided by the slot to form a cantilever beam structure that is relatively independent and has certain elasticity.
  • the radial section is still circular, and only the internal thread 3 forms a cone angle and has certain elasticity.
  • the pallet self-locking nut structure in the present invention has a more excellent structural uniformity, and because of the cantilever beam structure, it has a certain degree of elasticity, and only needs to adjust the groove according to different needs during use.
  • the width and taper angle are used to control the closing amount, avoiding the uneven locking caused by the elliptical special-shaped structure, and the conical closing structure and the elliptical closing structure, when the external thread is screwed in, the contact area of the thread pair is different ,
  • the contact area of the thread pair of the tapered closing structure is obviously larger than that of the elliptical closing structure, so that the locking performance is more stable and at the same time, the phenomenon of "teeth picking" and "seizure" caused by excessive local stress is avoided.
  • the locking torque performance at room temperature was at least 25 times, and the rest of the mechanical properties did not change, while the pallet self-locking nut prepared in the comparative example was After being exposed to high temperature for a period of time, the locking torque performance at room temperature can only meet 15 times.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母，包括托板（1）及柱体（2），柱体（2）前端设有锥形的收口部（8），收口部（8）侧壁均匀开有多个凹槽（9），凹槽（9）开口的宽度小于槽底的宽度。

Description

一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母 技术领域
本发明属于紧固件领域，尤其是涉及一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母。
背景技术
运用于航空飞机等领域的托板自锁螺母，应用环境复杂，需同时具备高强度、防松脱、耐持久、可满足重复拆装等使用需求，甚至部分应用环境还需要托板自锁螺母在一定高温环境下仍具备锁紧性能。
如图1所示，现有的托板自锁螺母由托板、柱体两种结构组成，根据结构的不同可以分为双耳托板(如图1-a)、角型托板(如图1-b)、单耳托板(单耳双孔如图1-c、单耳单孔如图1-d)三种托板结构型式；
如图3所示，托板上有1～2个铆钉孔，通过铆钉将托板自锁螺母固定在安装板上；
柱体内部为贯通的内螺纹结构，部分型号的托板自锁螺母在托板方向柱体内部，也会存在比内螺纹大径大的台阶孔，如图2所示，用于避让螺栓的螺纹收尾；
柱体外形在收口前为圆柱结构，但通过收口变形后，部分高度的柱体会变形为类似于椭圆的结构，并带着内螺纹一同变形，从而使螺母具备自锁功能。
目前GB930-88《双耳托板自锁螺母》，是一种广泛应用于飞机结构紧固连接的双耳托板自锁螺母。随着使用需求的提高，以HB8056-2002《MJ螺纹单耳双孔托板自锁螺母》、HB8058-2002《MJ螺纹双耳托板自锁螺母》、HB8059-2002《MJ螺纹角型托板自锁螺母》等代表的航空行业标准。相对于 GB930托板自锁螺母，HB系列的托板自锁螺母采用性能更加优异的16CrSiNi材料，强度提升至900～1100MPa级，螺纹采用MJ航空螺纹，在GB930托板自锁螺母轴向载荷、锁紧性能的基础上增加了永久变形、振动、拧脱、推出、耐盐雾腐蚀等性能要求。
伴随着应用环境的进一步拓展，各飞机设计所提出采用高温合金材料的双耳、单耳、角型托板自锁螺母系列，相对于HB系列的托板自锁螺母，高温合金材质的托板自锁螺母经过225℃高温暴露一段时间后，仍能满足15次的锁紧性能(即满足高温后15次的装拆使用)。
结合托板自锁螺母的结构、性能和使用需求，目前托板自锁螺母存在以下问题：
1.托板自锁螺母采用铆钉固定，固定后的托板自锁螺母只能在原位进行15次安装使用，超过15次使用后不再考核螺母的锁紧性能，因而螺纹副面临松动的风险，尤其在飞机口盖等存在反复拆装使用的区域，部分使用区域在飞机交付使用前，托板自锁螺母已经重复装拆7～9次，后期该区域维修/维护时，超出托板自锁螺母使用次数的概率极大；
2.不规则的类椭圆收口结构，容易在安装螺栓时对螺栓的外螺纹及涂/镀层造成不可逆的破坏，如螺栓螺纹剔牙、内外螺纹“咬死”等，不锈钢、高温合金材质的托板自锁螺母尤为明显，地面试验及实际安装表明，托板自锁螺母在同一螺栓装拆第8～10次左右时，螺栓外螺纹涂/镀层基本剥落，并伴随着涂/镀层粉末和金属粉末掉落。因而提高托板自锁螺母锁紧性能，使其具有更高的重复使用次数以及减少螺纹副咬死等风险，需要对托板自锁螺母的收口结构进行优化设计。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提出一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺 母，以提高航空飞机紧固连接部位的寿命，减少螺纹副的破坏风险，安装维护便捷，降低使用成本。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：包括托板及柱体，所述柱体前端设有锥形的收口部，收口部侧壁均匀开有多个凹槽，所述凹槽开口的宽度小于槽底的宽度。
进一步地，所述凹槽的槽底呈U型，避免应力集中。
进一步地，所述凹槽的数量为2-12个，例如可以是2个、3个、4个、6个、8个、10个、12个等。
进一步地，所述托板上开有与柱体内连通的台阶孔。
进一步地，所述托板自锁螺母的材质包括但不限于ML25、30CrMnSi、1Cr17Ni2、16CrSiNi、A286、GH2132、GH4169。
进一步地，所述柱体的截面为圆形或正多边形，例如可以是圆形、正六边形、正方形等。
进一步地，所述柱体内的螺纹为M螺纹或MJ螺纹。
如上所述的托板自锁螺母的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
将螺母坯体的柱体均匀加工出多个收口槽，通过收口装置将螺母坯体的柱体前端收口形成锥形的收口部。
进一步地，所述收口槽的开口宽度≤槽底宽度。
如上所述的托板自锁螺母在航空飞机领域的应用。
相对于现有技术，本发明所述的具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母具有以下优势：
(1)本发明所述的托板自锁螺母具有开槽锥形收口结构，在重复装拆锁紧试验时，锁紧力矩和松脱力矩成稳定衰减趋势，满足至少25次的锁紧性能，并能减少安装时的螺纹副“咬死”风险，安装工况和使用要求与现有托板自锁螺母相同，能够原位替代现有托板自锁螺母，具有广泛的应用前景；
(2)本发明所述的托板自锁螺母采用高温合金材料，能够满足在使用最高温度暴露一段时间后，至少满足25次的锁紧性能，其余机械性能不发生改变，满足航空飞机使用环境的要求。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明实施例所述的现有的托板自锁螺母的结构示意图，其中1-a为双耳托板自锁螺母的结构示意图，1-b为角型托板自锁螺母的结构示意图，1-c为单耳双孔托板自锁螺母的结构示意图，1-d为单耳单孔托板自锁螺母的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例所述的台阶孔的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例所述的托板自锁螺母的安装结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例所述的托板自锁螺母的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、托板；2、柱体；3、内螺纹；4、铆钉孔；5、台阶孔；6、螺栓；7、安装板；8、收口部；9、凹槽。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特 征可以相互组合。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以通过具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
实施例1
以30CrMnSi材料制成的双耳托板自锁螺母为原料，托板自锁螺母的柱体2为圆柱形，通过切割装置在柱体2上均匀切割形成6个U型的收口槽，收口槽开口的宽度与槽底的宽度相同，通过收口装置将柱体2前端收口形成收口部8，收口槽被挤压形成具有一定内锥度的凹槽9，凹槽9开口的宽度小于槽底的宽度，得到本发明所述的托板自锁螺母。
安装时，首先通过铆钉穿过托板1上开设的2个铆钉孔4将托板1固定在安装板7上，螺栓6穿过安装板7及托板1上的台阶孔5与柱体2的内螺纹3通过螺纹连接。
实施例2
与实施例1的区别在于，实施例2的托板自锁螺母的材质为GH2132，其他加工步骤与实施例1相同。
对比例
与实施例1的区别在于，对比例中的托板自锁螺母在收口前没有切割收口槽，其他加工步骤与实施例1相同。
分别对实施例1及对比例制得的托板自锁螺母进行性能测试，包括轴向载荷性能测试、永久变形性能测试、振动性能测试、拧脱性能测试、推出性能测试、微观组织性能测试、表面不连续性能测试、耐盐耐雾性能测试、常温下锁紧力矩性能测试，将实施例2与对比例制得的托板自锁螺母暴露在225℃一定时间后，再在室温下进行锁紧力矩性能测试。
测试结果表明，实施例1及对比例制得的托板自锁螺母在轴向载荷性能、永久变形性能、振动性能、拧脱性能、推出性能、微观组织、表面不连续性能、耐盐耐雾性能上完全一致，实施例1制得的托板自锁螺母锁紧力矩性能可满足至少25次，并能减少安装时的螺纹副“咬死”风险，在重复装拆25次锁紧试验时，锁紧力矩和松脱力矩成稳定衰减趋势，第1次和第25次的试验数据衰减量一般为20～30％，在重复装拆极限锁紧试验时，可在100次锁紧试验后，锁紧力矩和松脱力矩仍满足技术规范要求，而对比例制得的托板自锁螺母锁紧力矩性能满足15次，由于受类椭圆收口型式的影响，在重复装拆15次锁紧试验时，第1次和第15次的试验数据衰减量一般为40％左右，而且约有50％以上的概率，第2次锁紧试验试验力矩(锁紧力矩和松脱 力矩)反较第1次试验力矩提高，即发生“咬死”现象；在重复装拆极限锁紧试验时，一般在20～30次时，锁紧性能衰减超出技术规范要求。证明本发明制备的托板自锁螺母，重复使用次数得到提升，并避免了螺纹副“咬死”，其原理为：现有的托板自锁螺母，柱体2收口前为圆柱结构，采用椭圆的收口型式收口后，受工装、设备等因素的影响，圆柱收口变形为类似于椭圆的型式，变形高度约为2～3个螺距，柱体2内部的内螺纹3与之变形为类椭圆结构。本发明制备的托板自锁螺母，采用开槽的结构型式，柱体2被开槽分割后的各自相对独立的且有一定弹性的悬臂梁结构，锥型收口变形后，收口部8在任一径向仍为圆形截面，仅内螺纹3形成锥角且有一定的弹性。因此相对比两种收口后的结构，本发明中的托板自锁螺母结构有着更加优异的结构均匀性，并因悬臂梁结构，有一定的弹性，在使用时仅需针对不同需求，调整槽的宽度和锥角角度，来控制收口量，避免了椭圆形的异型结构导致锁紧的不均匀性，而且锥形收口结构和椭圆形收口结构，在外螺纹旋入时，螺纹副的接触面积不同，锥形收口结构的螺纹副接触面积明显要多于椭圆形收口结构，从而使锁紧性能更加稳定的同时，避免了局部应力过大而导致的“剔牙”和“咬死”现象。
实施例2制得的托板自锁螺母在高温暴露一段时间后，室温下进锁紧力矩性能至少满足25次，且其余机械性能不发生改变，而对比例制得的托板自锁螺母在高温暴露一段时间后，室温下进锁紧力矩性能仅能满足15次。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种具有优异锁紧性能的新型托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：包括托板及柱体，所述柱体前端设有锥形的收口部，收口部侧壁均匀开有多个凹槽，所述凹槽开口的宽度小于槽底的宽度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：所述凹槽的槽底呈U型。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：所述凹槽的数量为2-12个。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：所述托板上开有与柱体内连通的台阶孔。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：所述托板自锁螺母的材质包括但不限于ML25、30CrMnSi、1Cr17Ni2、16CrSiNi、A286、GH2132、GH4169。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：所述柱体的截面为圆形或正多边形。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的托板自锁螺母，其特征在于：所述柱体内的螺纹为M螺纹或MJ螺纹。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的托板自锁螺母的加工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    将螺母坯体的柱体均匀加工出多个收口槽，通过收口装置将螺母坯体的柱体前端收口形成锥形的收口部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的加工方法，其特征在于：所述收口槽的开口宽度≤槽底宽度。
  10. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的托板自锁螺母在航空飞机领域的应用。
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