WO2023022678A1

WO2023022678A1 - Rubber rail fastening system for high isolation

Info

Publication number: WO2023022678A1
Application number: PCT/TR2021/051292
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mehmet Yildirim
Original assignee: Rayba Yapi Proje Ve Danişmanlik Li̇mi̇ted Şi̇rketi̇
Priority date: 2021-08-18
Filing date: 2021-11-25
Publication date: 2023-02-23

Abstract

The invention relates to a rubber rail fastening system for high isolation which will be used in superstructures of rail systems such as train, metro, and tram.

Description

Rubber Rail Fastening System for High Isolation

TECHNICAL FIELD

BACKGROUND ART

Currently, rail transport systems are accepted as the most significant planning tool in solving the transportation problem in the cities developing rapidly and in an unplanned manner. The rail transport system is designed in a way that minimizes the cost and, on the other hand, provides the highest social benefit. Low-capacity feeder systems should be ensured to work together with rail transport systems if the aim is to have a complete and definite solution to the transportation problem.

In today’s modem urbanism, rail systems are widely used as a mode of transportation. Rail systems are preferred because they are fast, safe, clean and environmentally friendly, reduce accident risk and travel time, provide energy savings, reduce traffic load of road transport, decrease investment, maintenance and repair costs, are compatible with other public transportation systems, have low operating costs, reduce noise pollution, and have positive effects on urban land use. However, while a variety of rail systems can be seen in many of the modem cities, light rail systems are more common in Turkey due to the lower investment cost.

Types of rails:

Grooved Rails: They are used in tramlines. Additionally, since they are compatible with other chassis coatings, they are also used in cases when a road, pedestrian way, and railway are within the same route where a railway and a road cross at the same level (level crossing), and especially in waterfront lines. The downside, on the other hand, is that the road needs constant maintenance and cleaning since the grooves are filled with various materials, otherwise the stuffing of the grooves can cause derailment.

Double-Headed Rails: Having a symmetrical shape, these rails consist of an upper and a lower table. They were developed with the hope of using the lower table by placing the rail upside down after the upper table worn out. However, it was later realized that it could not be used since, along with the upper table, the lower table also eroded due to friction.

The British were the last ones to stop using this type of rails. Currently, only second- degree lines in some regions of France have this system.

Flat-Footed Rails: The rail is comprised of a single rolling surface and an enlarged resting plate providing its connection to sleepers and being called the foot. Invented by the British engineer, these rails are also called vignole rails. This type of rails eliminates many of the downsides of double-headed rails. They can be easily assembled onto sleepers. They fit directly into iron sleepers but are fixed to wooden and reinforced concrete sleepers with the help of baseplates.

It is possible to examine ballastless superstructure practices, which have been a commonly used rail system construction method in Europe and Far East in the last 15 years, by considering different construction methods. Referred to as “filler blocks or encapsulation system”, resin-based rubber or granule-based recycled rubber materials that encase and surround the high-quality rail are in the focus of these applications. The most important reason for the use of this material around the rail is noise, vibration and leakage current isolation.

This approach, which focuses on eliminating the noise on the spot and preventing the vibration, is especially adopted in urban transportation systems. “Fastenerless, gauge-adjusted continuous systems” is the fastest embedded rail construction method currently implemented in Europe and is particularly opted for in tramline constructions. The “rubber filler block” around the rail and the additional pad at the bottom provide the highest level of sound and vibration isolation. The filler block has two or three pieces, and the thickness of the foot plate varies between 10mm and 35mm depending on the project requirements and the proximity to a residential area. The absence of fasteners facilitates the construction and minimizes possible future maintenance, (fastener-less embedded system)

As we explained above, the current applications produced in the form of rubber capsules contribute to the fixing of the rails to the concrete and to the damping of the sound and vibrations resulting from the movement of the rail vehicles. However, all existing applications have some deficiencies arising from formal and technical features. The said deficiencies are as follows:

1 - Upper surface of the rubber is parallel to the horizontal axis in the parts where the rubber capsules join the sides of the rails. Thus, any water accumulation near the rails leaks into the rails through possible cracks between the rail and the rubber.

2- Typically, the rail web and the rubber capsules are continuously and completely in contact with each other. Therefore, water absorption by the rubber capsules causes a dangerous level of leakage in the electrical current on the rails.

3- The rubber section where the rail base (rail foot) sits is produced in an angular form according to the shape of the rail base. Sagging may occur in a vertical direction in the rubber base plates during assembly due to rubber weight and this leads to gaps in the rail base because of lack of complete contact between the rail foot and the rubber base plate. Consequently, a vertical displacement occurs in rails while the rail vehicles move, and this leads to the deterioration of the railway track.

4- Outer surfaces of rubber capsules are generally either smooth and flat or continuously grooved in parallel to the rail axis. Hence, in case of a potential rail breakage, large gaps may occur in the broken rail area, which may endanger the passage of the train, since flat rubber surfaces embedded in concrete do not provide sufficient adhesion to the concrete due to longitudinal contraction in rails particularly in cold weather.

In the application no. “TR2016/05450”, the invention is titled “A rail chamber filling element” and is summarized as follows: “A rail chamber filling element (20) for rails having at least one base body (22) and at least one compression portion (24) along the longitudinal direction, wherein the at least one base body (22) is made of a harder rubber elastic material and the compression portion (24) is made of a softer and compressible material.”

In the application no. “TR2013/07448”, the invention is titled “Improvement in rubber coating of level crossings” and is summarized as follows: “It relates to the model enabling vehicles and people to comfortably and safely pass over the existing railway at level crossings. Fasteners for road-railway level crossing rubber plate have been manufactured according to S49E1 and 60E1 -UIC60 rail types. The invention has been designed with high-strength tailormade parts with detachable locks and the assembly of these parts.

In conclusion, the abovementioned shortcomings and the inadequacy of the current practice entail an improvement in the respective technical field. Thus, there is a need for an invention to overcome the described problems.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Developed for eliminating the aforementioned disadvantages and providing new advantages to the respective technical field, the present invention relates to a rubber rail fastening system for high isolation.

An objective of the present invention is to provide a rail fastening system that is easy to assemble, turns current disadvantages of prior art into advantages, prevents water accumulation near rails from leaking into the inner sections through possible cracks between the rail and the rubber. Another objective of the present invention is to eliminate loosening due to faulty workmanship thanks to the use of base part with interference fit.

A further objective of the present invention is to create a system with a fast rate of placement.

Another objective of the present invention is to eliminate water absorption, and thereby prevent a dangerous level of leakage in the electrical current on the rails.

A further objective of the present invention is to prevent a vertical displacement in rails during the passage of rail vehicles.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a material that is easy to cut when needed during assembly since its section thickness is reduced as much as possible thanks to the transverse gaps formed on its inner and outer surfaces.

A further objective of the present invention is to provide a material with a higher material density and a lower water absorption rate thanks to its thinned section and limited contact surfaces, and thereby ensure extra protection against electrical leakages.

Another objective of the present invention is to present the possibility to manufacture the system, which has two parts by default in the current design, with three parts by separating the base plate according to customer requests.

Drawings

The applications of the present invention that is briefly summarized above and addressed in detail below can be understood by referring to the sample applications depicted in the attached drawings of the invention. However, it must be stated that the attached drawings show only the typical applications of this invention and that since the invention allows other equally effective applications, its scope cannot be assumed to be limited. In order to facilitate understanding, identical reference numbers are used to indicate identical elements in the figures, where possible. The shapes are not drawn to scale and can be simplified for clarity. It is believed that the elements and features of an application can be usefully incorporated into other applications without further explanation.

Figure-1 : It is an exploded view of the invention after it is installed.

Figure-2: It is a front view of the invention after it is installed.

Figure-3: It is an exploded front view of the invention after it is manufactured and before it is installed.

Figure-4: It is an isometric view of the invention after it is installed.

Figure-5: It is an exploded isometric view of the invention after it is installed.

Explanation of Details in the Drawings

Explanations of reference numbers shown in the drawings are given below.

1 - Upper surface angle

2- Inner surface chambers

3- Base plate angle

4- Concrete chambers

5- Grooved rail

6- Rubber capsule

DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The preferred alternatives in this detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention are only intended for providing a better understanding of the subject matter and should not be construed in any restrictive sense. The invention relates to a rubber rail fastening system for high isolation which will be used in superstructures of rail systems such as train, metro, and tram.

The rubber rail fastening system is composed of rubber capsules (6). The rubber capsules consist of the elements shown in the drawing.

It is comprised of the following: an upper surface angle (1 ) preventing the leakage of water between the rail and the rubber capsules (6) by ensuring that a base plate angle stretches and makes a 10-20% slope, preferably 10%, depending upon the rail base upper inclination following the installment of the rubber capsule (6), and so the said angle also creates an outward-facing 10% slope toward the rail axis, thereby diverging the surface waters away from the rail; at least two individual inner surface chambers (2) on each capsule containing gaps inside and thus providing a minimization of leakage current due to possible water absorption by limiting contact between the rail surface and the inner surface of the rubber capsules (6); a base plate angle (3) having a fixed longitudinal clearance since it is manufactured with a special production method, allowing an angular interference fit with the rail base upon application of force on the relevant opening and thereby preventing any sagging in the rubber at the rail base and any possible gaps at the rail base, wherein the upper and lower portions of the base are manufactured parallel to each other before installment but it gains a 10-20% slope, preferably 10%, after being placed in the rail; at least two and preferably six concrete chambers (4) having a depth of 20mm- 40mm and preferably 30mm on the outer surface of the capsules, providing an excellent adherence by preventing the rails from moving vertically and the broken rail opening from reaching a dangerous level in case of a potential rail breakage thanks to the concrete therein, and stopping the rails from moving vertically. Figures 3 and 5 demonstrate the invention after its manufacture. The upper and lower portions of the part referred to as the base plate angle (3) are manufactured parallel to each other, i.e. without any angle. However, once the rubber is placed on the rail, it stretches and makes an approximately 10% angle (between 10 and 20%) in the upper surface of the parallel portions depending upon the rail base upper inclination; Figures 1 , 2 and 4 show the invention in this situation. Resulting from this slope occurring in the base plate, an upper surface angle (1 ) of the same degree is created. Production with this method solves the existing problems in the current technique. This is due to the fact that the channel to which the inclined rail base enters normally has an approximately 10 mm clearance.

Claims

1- A rubber capsule rail fastening system for high isolation which will be used in superstructures of rail systems such as train, metro, and tram, and its feature is that it consists of:

- an upper surface angle (1 ) preventing the leakage of water between the rail and the rubber capsules (6) by ensuring that a base plate angle stretches and makes a 10-20% slope, preferably 10%, depending upon the rail base upper inclination following the installment of the rubber capsule (6), and so the said angle also creates an outward-facing 10% slope toward the rail axis, thereby diverging the surface waters away from the rail;

- at least two inner surface chambers (2) containing gaps inside and thus providing a minimization of leakage current due to possible water absorption by limiting contact between the rail surface and the inner surface of the rubber capsules (6);

- a base plate angle (3) having a fixed longitudinal clearance since it is manufactured with a special production method, allowing an angular interference fit with the rail base upon application of force on the relevant opening and thereby preventing any sagging in the rubber at the rail base and any possible gaps at the rail base, wherein the upper and lower portions of the base are manufactured parallel to each other before installment but it gains a 10-20% slope, preferably 10%, after being placed in the rail;

- at least two concrete chambers (4) having a depth of 20-40mm and preferably 30mm on the outer surface of the capsules, providing an excellent adherence by preventing the rails from moving vertically and the broken rail opening from reaching a dangerous level in case of a potential rail breakage thanks to the concrete therein, and stopping the rails from moving vertically.

9 - Dependent upon Claim 1 , a rubber capsule rail fastening system for high isolation which will be used in superstructures of rail systems such as train, metro, and tram, and its feature is that the upper surface angle (1 ) has the same degree of inclination with the base plate due to the reflection of the base plate’s slope thereto.