WO2023019697A1 - Poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance pour impression 3d et procédé de préparation de poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance - Google Patents

Poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance pour impression 3d et procédé de préparation de poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance Download PDF

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WO2023019697A1
WO2023019697A1 PCT/CN2021/121982 CN2021121982W WO2023019697A1 WO 2023019697 A1 WO2023019697 A1 WO 2023019697A1 CN 2021121982 W CN2021121982 W CN 2021121982W WO 2023019697 A1 WO2023019697 A1 WO 2023019697A1
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content
aluminum alloy
alloy powder
powder
preparation
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PCT/CN2021/121982
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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聂祚仁
郭彦梧
黄晖
魏午
文胜平
高坤元
吴晓蓝
荣莉
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北京工业大学
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of special materials for additive manufacturing (also known as 3D printing), and in particular relates to a 3D printing high-strength aluminum alloy powder and a preparation method thereof.
  • Additive manufacturing technology also known as 3D printing technology, quickly manufactures parts with extremely complex shapes and internal structures through the principle of "layer-by-layer manufacturing and layer-by-layer superposition", which saves a lot of materials and time compared with traditional subtractive manufacturing cost.
  • SLM selective laser melting
  • Aluminum and aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace, transportation, mechanical construction, packaging, electrical engineering, etc. field has a wide range of applications.
  • the most widely used aluminum alloys are mainly AlSi alloys, such as AlSi10Mg and AlSi12.
  • AlSi alloy has good formability and no cracks under the SLM process, its mechanical properties are poor, the yield strength is generally lower than 300MPa, and the elongation is lower than 15%.
  • Airbus Group has developed a Sc-Zr modified AlMg alloy, which not only can suppress cracks after forming, but also has a yield strength of over 400MPa and an elongation of over 10% after heat treatment.
  • the price of Sc is too expensive, so that the price of AlMg alloy powder modified by Sc and Zr is much higher than that of AlSi alloy powder. Therefore, in terms of special materials for aluminum alloy additive manufacturing, there are common problems such as few types of materials that can be used, poor mechanical properties, and high prices.
  • the present invention replaces Sc-Zr composite microalloying with Er-Zr composite microalloying, and adjusts the added Er, Zr
  • the technical solution of the present invention provides a 3D printing high-strength aluminum alloy powder, mainly containing Mg, Er, Zr, Si, Mn elements, in terms of mass percentage, wherein Mg content is 3.0-8.0%, Er content is 0.1-1.2%, The content of Zr is 0.5-2.0%, the content of Mn is 0.3-1.0%, the content of Si is 0.01-2.0%, the total content of other unlisted metal elements except Al is not more than 0.5wt%, and the rest is Al.
  • the aluminum alloy material includes the following components in mass fraction: Mg content is 3.0-8.0%, Er content is 0.3-0.5%, Zr content is 1.0-1.2%, Mn content is 0.5% ⁇ 0.8%, Si content is 0.01 ⁇ 0.1%, and the rest is Al.
  • the aluminum alloy material includes the following components in mass fraction: Mg content is 3.0-8.0%, Er content is 0.5-0.8%, Zr content is 1.3-1.6%, Mn content is 0.5% ⁇ 0.8%, Si content is 0.01 ⁇ 0.1%, and the rest is Al.
  • the aluminum alloy material includes the following components in mass fraction: Mg content 3.0-8.0%, Er content 0.3-0.5%, Zr content 1.0-1.2%, Mn content 0.5- 0.8%, the Si content is 1.0-1.6%, and the rest is Al.
  • the aluminum alloy material includes the following components in mass fraction: Mg content 3.0-8.0%, Er content 0.5-0.8%, Zr content 1.3-1.6%, Mn content 0.5- 0.8%, the Si content is 1.0-1.6%, and the rest is Al.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps:
  • the atomization described in the preparation method is vacuum air atomization.
  • the inert gas described in the preparation method is argon.
  • the layer-by-layer melting and solidification forming described in the application method includes but is not limited to the selective laser melting (SLM) process.
  • SLM selective laser melting
  • the forming parameters used in the SLM process are: laser power 300-380W, scanning speed 800-1600mm/s, scanning distance 0.1-0.15mm, layer thickness 0.03-0.06mm;
  • Benefits of the present invention adding a large amount of Zr element forms Al 3 Zr primary phase to refine grain size and suppresses solidification cracks; adding Er element forms grain boundary Al 3 Er phase, which can effectively prevent grain size coarsening during heat treatment;
  • the addition of Si element can increase the diffusion rate of Er and Zr, promote the large amount of dispersed precipitation of Al 3 (Er, Zr) precipitate, and the Al 3 (Er, Zr) dispersed phase has a significant effect of precipitation strengthening. Therefore, after aging heat treatment, the yield strength exceeds 400MPa, the tensile strength exceeds 500MPa, and the elongation exceeds 10%. Its performance is better than that of AlSi alloy, and it is equivalent to that of Sc-Zr modified AlMg alloy.
  • the invention expands the types of added elements for 3D printing AlMg alloy microalloying, solves the problems of easy cracking and poor performance of high-strength aluminum alloys, and significantly reduces the cost of high-strength aluminum alloys for 3D printing.
  • Figure 1 is a morphological view of the 3D printed high-strength aluminum alloy powder prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a SEM structure diagram of the 3D printed high-strength aluminum alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a SEM structure diagram of the 3D printed aluminum alloy prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.
  • the percentages in the present invention are percentages by mass, and the aluminum alloy composition adopts the general expression in this field, for example, the aluminum alloy composition of Al-6.0Mg-0.7Mn-0.4Er-1.2Zr is: 6.0%Mg, 0.7 %Mn, 0.4% Er, 1.2% Zr, and the rest are Al.
  • the melting composition in a vacuum furnace is Al-6.0Mg-0.7Mn-0.4Er-1.2Zr, and the content of other impurity elements is controlled to be less than 0.1%.
  • the aluminum alloy prepared by the above method suppresses internal cracks (as shown in Figure 2) and refines the grain size through the addition of a large amount of Zr elements, and the average grain size is only 3.3um.
  • the recrystallization and grain growth stabilized the grain size, and after 10 hours of heat treatment at 375 degrees, a large amount of Al 3 (Er, Zr) precipitated phase was precipitated, which greatly improved the strength of the sample.
  • the mechanical properties is tested, the yield strength is 430MPa, the tensile strength is 500MPa, and the elongation is 20%.
  • the smelting composition in a vacuum furnace is Al-4.0Mg-0.7Mn-0.8Er-1.5Zr-1.6Si, and the content of other impurity elements is controlled to be less than 0.1%.
  • the aluminum alloy prepared by the above method suppresses internal cracks and refines the grain size through the addition of a large amount of Zr elements.
  • the average grain size is about 2.0um, and the Er element inhibits recrystallization and grain growth during heat treatment.
  • the mechanical properties is tested, the yield strength is 480MPa, the tensile strength is 530MPa, and the elongation is 12%.
  • the smelting composition in a vacuum furnace is Al-5.0Mg-0.7Mn-0.4Er-0.3Zr, and the content of other impurity elements is controlled to be less than 0.1%.
  • the Zr element content of the aluminum alloy in the comparative example is not within the claims of the present invention, and a large number of cracks (as shown in Figure 3 ) have occurred inside the formed sample and the grain size is coarse, with an average grain size of 12um; the sample formed before aging The morphological hardness is 115HV, and the hardness of 122HV after peak aging has not increased significantly, which means that the number of precipitated phases is small and there is no significant precipitation strengthening effect; the mechanical properties are tested according to the GB/T 228.1-2010 standard. Due to the existence of cracks, the yield The strength is only 170MPa, the tensile strength is 210MPa, and the elongation is 2%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

Une poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance pour impression 3D et un procédé de préparation de la poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance, relevant du domaine technique des matériaux spéciaux pour la fabrication additive (également connue sous le nom d'impression 3D). Les compositions de l'alliage sont calculées selon un pourcentage en masse : 3,0 % à 8,0 % de Mg, 0,1 % à 1,2 % de Er, 0,5 % à 2,0 % de Zr, 0,3 % à 1,0 % de Mn, 0,01 % à 2,0 % de Si, la teneur totale des autres éléments métalliques non listés à l'exception de l'aluminium ne dépassant pas 0,5 % en poids, le reste étant de l'aluminium. La poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance peut empêcher efficacement la fissuration d'un alliage AlMg dans le processus d'impression 3D et présente un effet remarquable de finesse des grains et de renforcement de la précipitation, la limite d'élasticité dépasse 400 MPa après traitement thermique, la résistance à la traction dépasse 500 MPa et le pourcentage d'allongement dépasse 10 %. La poudre d'alliage d'aluminium résout efficacement les problèmes selon lesquels l'alliage AlMg présente une faible résistance et une faible aptitude au formage.
PCT/CN2021/121982 2021-08-17 2021-09-30 Poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance pour impression 3d et procédé de préparation de poudre d'alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance WO2023019697A1 (fr)

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CN115990669A (zh) * 2023-03-24 2023-04-21 湖南东方钪业股份有限公司 一种用于增材制造的钪铝合金粉末及其制备方法
CN116174733A (zh) * 2023-04-27 2023-05-30 宁波众远新材料科技有限公司 一种合金粉末及其制备方法和应用、一种零件模型
CN116254443A (zh) * 2023-05-10 2023-06-13 钢研昊普科技有限公司 一种铝合金粉末及其制备方法和应用
CN116478679A (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-25 西南石油大学 一种支撑剂及其制备方法
CN117245084A (zh) * 2023-11-20 2023-12-19 中航迈特增材科技(北京)有限公司 一种3d打印用高强耐温铝合金粉末及其制备方法和应用

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CN114309646B (zh) * 2021-12-14 2023-04-14 国营芜湖机械厂 一种飞机操纵系统铝合金摇臂材料与工艺双替代验证方法
CN114457267B (zh) * 2022-03-08 2022-10-14 西北工业大学 一种slm专用高强铝合金及其slm成型的方法
CN115896565A (zh) * 2022-10-31 2023-04-04 国营芜湖机械厂 一种3d打印高强铝合金粉末及其制备方法

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WO2020125553A1 (fr) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 中车工业研究院有限公司 Poudre d'alliage d'aluminium pouvant être utilisée pour l'impression 3d, son procédé de préparation et son application
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CN115990669A (zh) * 2023-03-24 2023-04-21 湖南东方钪业股份有限公司 一种用于增材制造的钪铝合金粉末及其制备方法
CN115990669B (zh) * 2023-03-24 2023-06-27 湖南东方钪业股份有限公司 一种用于增材制造的钪铝合金粉末及其制备方法
CN116478679A (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-25 西南石油大学 一种支撑剂及其制备方法
CN116174733A (zh) * 2023-04-27 2023-05-30 宁波众远新材料科技有限公司 一种合金粉末及其制备方法和应用、一种零件模型
CN116254443A (zh) * 2023-05-10 2023-06-13 钢研昊普科技有限公司 一种铝合金粉末及其制备方法和应用
CN117245084A (zh) * 2023-11-20 2023-12-19 中航迈特增材科技(北京)有限公司 一种3d打印用高强耐温铝合金粉末及其制备方法和应用
CN117245084B (zh) * 2023-11-20 2024-01-16 中航迈特增材科技(北京)有限公司 一种3d打印用高强耐温铝合金粉末及其制备方法和应用

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