WO2023019639A1 - 显示屏及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示屏及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023019639A1
WO2023019639A1 PCT/CN2021/115596 CN2021115596W WO2023019639A1 WO 2023019639 A1 WO2023019639 A1 WO 2023019639A1 CN 2021115596 W CN2021115596 W CN 2021115596W WO 2023019639 A1 WO2023019639 A1 WO 2023019639A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
display screen
blind hole
electrochromic
hole area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/115596
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
葛茹
Original Assignee
惠州华星光电显示有限公司
Tcl华星光电技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 惠州华星光电显示有限公司, Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 惠州华星光电显示有限公司
Priority to US17/605,064 priority Critical patent/US20240019750A1/en
Publication of WO2023019639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023019639A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G02F1/13312—Circuits comprising photodetectors for purposes other than feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G02F2001/1635—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor the pixel comprises active switching elements, e.g. TFT

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a display screen and a display device.
  • Under-screen camera technology refers to the technology of integrating the camera under the display screen, which can serve as the basis of screen interaction technology and increase the added value of the screen.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing under-display camera display device.
  • the display screen 901 includes a blind hole area 910 and a non-blind hole area 920 that allow ambient light to pass through.
  • the camera 902 is disposed under the display screen 901 and corresponds to the blind hole area 910 .
  • the under-screen camera technology will cause the display screen 901 to be unable to display images on the entire surface.
  • the camera is the basic configuration of current electronic devices such as mobile phones and notebooks, but it is very vulnerable to attacks and leaks the personal privacy of users. Therefore, the camera needs to be blocked.
  • the first category is external occlusion accessories, which cover the camera by artificially placing a occlusion sheet outside the camera, for example, pasting a covering occlusion on the camera of a laptop computer, which is easy to lose;
  • the second type uses mechanical methods to move the shading sheet to achieve the effect of shading the camera, but these devices are bulky and difficult to integrate into the camera body to realize the miniaturization and integration of the camera/shielding device.
  • the present application provides a display screen and a display device using the display screen, which can block the blind hole area and the camera under the screen when the camera function is turned off, so that the appearance of the display screen is more beautiful and the function of protecting privacy is realized. , and when the camera function is turned on, it will not affect the lighting of the camera under the screen.
  • the application provides a display screen with a blind hole area, and the display screen includes:
  • the first polarizing layer is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display screen, and the first polarizing layer is provided with a first opening at a position corresponding to the blind hole area;
  • An electrochromic layer at least a part of the electrochromic layer is located in the blind hole area, the electrochromic layer is arranged in the array substrate of the display screen or in the first opening, and,
  • the electrochromic layer includes:
  • the second electrode layer is arranged on the side of the electrochromic material layer away from the first electrode layer.
  • the electrochromic layer is disposed in the array substrate of the display screen.
  • the array substrate includes:
  • the alignment layer is arranged on the side of the electrochromic layer away from the base substrate.
  • the electrochromic layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display screen.
  • a first polarizing layer is provided on the light exit side of the display screen, and a first opening is opened in the first polarizing layer at a position corresponding to the blind hole area, and the electrical At least a part of the chromogenic layer is disposed in the first opening.
  • the display screen further includes a cover plate, and the cover plate is disposed on a side of the first polarizing layer away from the display screen.
  • a second polarizing layer is disposed on the light incident side of the display screen, and the second polarizing layer is provided with a second opening at a position corresponding to the blind hole area.
  • the present application also provides a display screen with a blind hole area, the display screen includes an electrochromic layer, at least a part of the electrochromic layer is located in the blind hole area;
  • the electrochromic layer includes:
  • the second electrode layer is arranged on the side of the electrochromic material layer away from the first electrode layer.
  • the electrochromic layer is disposed in the array substrate of the display screen.
  • the array substrate includes:
  • the alignment layer is arranged on the side of the electrochromic layer away from the base substrate.
  • the electrochromic layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display screen.
  • a first polarizing layer is provided on the light exit side of the display screen, and a first opening is opened in the first polarizing layer at a position corresponding to the blind hole area, and the electrical At least a part of the chromogenic layer is disposed in the first opening.
  • the display screen further includes a cover plate, and the cover plate is disposed on a side of the first polarizing layer away from the display screen.
  • a second polarizing layer is disposed on the light incident side of the display screen, and the second polarizing layer is provided with a second opening at a position corresponding to the blind hole area.
  • the present application also provides a display device, including a display screen and a camera;
  • the display screen has a blind hole area, the display screen includes an electrochromic layer, at least a part of the electrochromic layer is located in the blind hole area, and the electrochromic layer includes:
  • the second electrode layer is arranged on the side of the electrochromic material layer away from the first electrode layer.
  • the camera is located on the light incident side of the display screen and corresponds to the blind hole area of the display screen.
  • the display device includes a backlight module located on the light-incident side of the display screen, and the backlight module is provided with a third Open your mouth.
  • At least a part of the camera is located in the third opening.
  • At least a part of the camera is located in the third opening and the second opening.
  • the display screen and the display device described in the present application by setting the electrochromic layer in the blind hole area of the display screen, utilize the characteristics of the electrochromic layer to switch the transparent state and the color state,
  • the camera function when the camera function is turned off, the blind hole area and the camera can be blocked to make the appearance more beautiful and realize the function of protecting privacy; on the other hand, when the camera function is turned on, the electrochromic layer becomes transparent, allowing ambient light to enter the transparent
  • the transparent case has the appearance effect of color-changing display.
  • the electrochromic layer of the present application is integrated in the blind hole area of the display screen, which will not increase the thickness of the display screen.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing display screen.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a display device of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the details of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the display device of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the details of FIG. 4 .
  • the present application provides a display screen and a display device.
  • the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application, not to limit the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the display device of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the display device of the present application
  • Figures 3 and 5 are enlarged views of the details of Figures 2 and 4, respectively.
  • the main difference between the display device shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 and the display device shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 lies in the location of the electrochromic layer 1 .
  • the structure of the display screen 100 of the present application and the display device using the display screen 100 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 .
  • the display screen 100 of the present application has a blind hole area 110 and a non-blind hole area 120 .
  • the display screen 100 includes an electrochromic layer 1 , at least a part of the electrochromic layer 1 is located in the blind hole region 110 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 includes a first electrode layer 101, an electrochromic material layer 102 and a second electrode layer 103, wherein the electrochromic material layer 102 is arranged on the first electrode layer 101, and the second The second electrode layer 103 is disposed on a side of the electrochromic material layer 102 away from the first electrode layer 101 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 has a colored state and a transparent state. In the colored state, the electrochromic layer 1 can block the blind hole area 110 , and in the transparent state, the electrochromic layer 1 allows light to pass through the blind hole area 110 .
  • the display screen 100 of the present application can cover the blind hole by setting the electrochromic layer 1 in the blind hole area 110 of the display screen 100, and utilizing the characteristics of the electrochromic layer 1 to switch the transparent state and the color state. Area 110 and the two working states that allow light to pass through the blind hole area 110, so as to make the appearance more beautiful and achieve the effect of protecting privacy.
  • the blind hole area 110 refers to an area where several film layers of the display screen 100 are removed in a certain area in order to increase the light transmittance of the display screen 100 in this area.
  • the film layers in the array substrate or the color filter substrate that will affect light penetration are generally removed, such as but not limited to the metal layer or black matrix.
  • the non-blind hole area 120 may be an area for image display or light emission.
  • the camera 200 is integrated with the light incident side (or non-display side) of the display screen 100 and corresponds to the blind hole area 110 of the display screen 100 .
  • the blind hole area 110 can serve as the light entrance of the camera 200 .
  • the incident side (non-display side) of the display screen 100 refers to the side where the backlight light is incident on the display screen 100 , for example, the side of the display screen 100 facing the backlight module 300 .
  • the light emitting side of the display screen 100 refers to the side where light is emitted from the display screen 100 , for example, the side of the display screen 100 away from the backlight module 300 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 has a colored state and a transparent state.
  • the blind hole area 110 (the light entrance of the camera 200 ) is blocked by the electrochromic layer 1 , and the electrochromic layer 1 can make the color of the blind hole area 110 match the color of other surrounding components in the color-developing state. It is consistent on the whole, so that the overall appearance of the mobile terminal or the display screen 100 is not adversely affected by the setting of the camera in the color rendering state.
  • the transparent state ambient light can pass through the blind hole area 110 (the light entrance of the camera 200 ) and enter the light entrance of the camera 200 , and the light entering the light entrance can further enter the photosensitive element of the camera 200 . In other words, when the electrochromic layer 1 is in a transparent state, the function of the camera 200 will not be affected.
  • the electrochromic layer 1 of the present application by setting the electrochromic layer 1 in the blind hole area 110 of the display screen 100, the characteristics of the transparent state and the color state can be switched by using the electrification energy of the electrochromic layer 1.
  • the camera function is turned off, the blind hole area 110 and the camera are blocked to make the appearance more beautiful and realize the function of protecting privacy; on the other hand, when the camera function is turned on, the electrochromic layer 1 becomes transparent, allowing ambient light to enter and pass through.
  • the transparent casing has the appearance effect of color-changing display.
  • the electrochromic layer 1 of the present application is integrated in the blind hole region 110 of the display screen 100 , which will not increase the thickness of the display screen 100 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 described in the present application may be disposed in the display screen 100 , or may be disposed on the light emitting side (display side) of the display screen 100 .
  • the arrangement of the electrochromic layer 1 of the present application on the display screen 100 will be described below in combination with the structures of the display screen 100 and the display device.
  • the display screen 100 includes a color filter substrate 20, an array substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 30, the color filter substrate 20 and the array substrate 10 are arranged oppositely, and the liquid crystal layer 30 is sealed. between the color filter substrate 20 and the array substrate 10 .
  • the array substrate 10 includes a base substrate 11 , a plurality of thin film transistors 12 , an electrochromic layer 1 and an alignment layer 13 .
  • the base substrate 11 can be a rigid substrate, such as glass, transparent resin, etc., or a flexible substrate, such as polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate Glycol esters, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylates, or glass fiber reinforced plastics, etc.
  • the base substrate is a glass substrate.
  • the thin film transistor 12 is disposed on the side of the base substrate 11 facing the color filter substrate 20 , and the thin film transistor 12 can be used for switching or driving.
  • the present application does not limit the type or structure of the thin film transistor 12 , which can be changed or selected according to actual display requirements.
  • the thin film transistor 12 may include a gate, an active layer, a source and a drain, and the source and the drain are respectively connected to the doped regions on both sides of the active layer. It should be noted that a gate insulating layer may also be provided between the gate and the active layer to insulate the gate and the active layer from each other.
  • the thin film transistor 12 is only disposed in the non-blind hole area 120 to increase the light transmittance of the blind hole area 110 and ensure the imaging effect of the camera 200 .
  • each functional film layer (including metal layer and insulating layer) of the thin film transistor 12 avoids the blind hole region 110 .
  • the array substrate 10 only includes the base substrate 11 , the electrochromic layer 1 and the alignment layer 13 in the blind hole region 110 .
  • undercut structures such as grooves can be set near the blind hole area 110 in the non-blind hole area 120 to prevent the cracks of special-shaped cutting from being transmitted to the non-blind hole area 120, and improve the performance of the non-blind hole area 120.
  • the stability of the array substrate 10 is described above.
  • the gate insulating layer (gate insulating layer) in the thin film transistor 12 may be continuous in the non-blind hole region 120 , while avoiding the blind hole region 110 .
  • the insulating layer in the thin film transistor 12 can also be formed entirely, so that it is located in the blind hole area 110 and the non-blind hole area 120 .
  • the array substrate 10 includes a base substrate 11 in the blind hole area 110, an insulating layer disposed on the base substrate (that is, the insulating layer of the above-mentioned thin film transistor 12), an electrochromic layer 1 and an alignment layer. 13.
  • the electrochromic layer 1 is disposed on the side of the base substrate 11 facing the color filter substrate 20 , and the electrochromic layer 1 is located in the blind hole region 110 .
  • the orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer 1 on the display screen 100 completely covers the blind hole area 110 . That is to say, the size of the electrochromic layer 1 is equal to the blind hole area 110 or exceeds the blind hole area 110 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 extends continuously in the blind hole area 110 to the non-blind hole area 120 .
  • the present application provides an embodiment of the electrochromic layer 1 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 includes a first electrode layer 101 , an electrochromic material layer 102 and a second electrode layer 103 stacked in sequence.
  • the first electrode layer 101 is disposed on the side of the thin film transistor 12 layer facing the color filter substrate 20 ; the electrochromic material layer 102 is disposed on the first electrode layer 101 away from the base substrate 11 , and the electrochromic material layer 102 covers the entire outer surface of the first electrode layer 101 .
  • the second electrode layer 103 is arranged on the side of the electrochromic material layer 102 away from the first electrode layer 101, and the second electrode layer 103 covers the entire electrochromic material layer 102 on the outer surface.
  • the first electrode layer 101 and the second electrode layer 103 are insulated from each other, and both are used to lead out the control lines of the electrochromic layer 1 .
  • the control circuit can be further electrically connected to the driving structure of the display screen 100 through wires or metal contacts.
  • both the first electrode layer 101 and the second electrode layer 103 use transparent electrode materials with high light transmittance, so as to increase the light transmittance of the electrochromic layer 1 as a whole.
  • the electrode material may be, but not limited to, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO) or Zinc Oxide (ZnO).
  • the material of the electrochromic material layer 102 may be electrochromic materials such as W x , WNiO x , polyaniline, PEDOT (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).
  • electrochromic materials such as W x , WNiO x , polyaniline, PEDOT (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).
  • the optical properties (reflectivity, transmittance, absorption rate, etc.) of electrochromic materials can undergo stable and reversible color changes under the action of an applied electric field, so that the appearance of electrochromic materials shows reversible changes in color and transparency. .
  • the fabrication of some film layers of the electrochromic layer 1 can be integrated in the fabrication process of the array substrate 10 .
  • the array substrate 10 further includes a pixel electrode disposed on the side of the thin film transistor 12 layer facing the color filter substrate 20 , and the first electrode layer 101 is disposed on the same layer as the pixel electrode.
  • the first electrode layer 101 and the pixel electrode can be obtained from the same transparent electrode film layer.
  • the first electrode layer 101 and the pixel electrodes can be formed simultaneously through one patterning process, which reduces the number of process steps and mask plates used for manufacturing the display screen 100, thereby saving the time for manufacturing the display screen 100. , and save costs.
  • the electrochromic layer 1 may also include an ion storage layer or an ion transport layer.
  • the alignment layer 13 is disposed on the side of the thin film transistor 12 facing the color filter substrate 20 .
  • the color filter substrate 20 includes a base substrate 21 and a plurality of black matrices 22 .
  • the base substrate 21 can be a rigid substrate, such as glass, transparent resin, etc., or a flexible substrate, such as polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate Glycol esters, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylates, or glass fiber reinforced plastics, etc.
  • the base substrate is a glass substrate.
  • the black matrix 22 is disposed on a side of the base substrate 21 facing the array substrate 10 .
  • the black matrix 22 is used to shield the metal structures disposed in the array substrate 10 , such as thin film transistors 12 , gate lines or wiring lines, and the like.
  • the black matrix 22 is arranged in the non-blind hole area 120 . That is, the black matrix 22 is arranged to avoid the blind hole area 110 .
  • the black matrix 22 is formed with a hollow area at a position corresponding to the blind hole area 120 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 can be disposed in the hollow area.
  • the black matrix 22 can be made of black matrix 22 material.
  • the material of the black matrix 22 may be an opaque material such as black photoresist containing carbon black.
  • the color filter substrate 20 further includes a color resist layer (not shown in the figure).
  • the color resistance layer also includes a plurality of color resistance blocks arranged at intervals. The light of the display screen 100 is emitted through the color-resisting block of the color-resisting layer to visually display the color corresponding to the color-resisting block, so that the display screen 100 displays a desired image.
  • the color-resisting blocks of the color-resisting layer include red color-resisting blocks, green color-resisting blocks and blue color-resisting blocks.
  • the color-resisting blocks of different colors may be made of color-resisting materials of different colors.
  • the red color resist block, the green color resist block and the blue color resist block can be made of red color resist material, green color resist material or blue color resist material respectively.
  • the red color-resisting block, the green color-resisting block and the blue color-resisting block are arranged sequentially according to certain rules, for example, arranged in the manner of red-green-blue, red-green-blue, red-green-blue, and of course other optical requirements can also be arranged.
  • the settings are not listed one by one here. In a word, it is enough that the color filter substrate 20 is properly configured to ensure the normal display function of the display screen 100 .
  • the color-resisting blocks are disposed between adjacent black matrices 22 . That is to say, the orthographic projection of the black matrix 22 on the color-resist layer is located between the color-resist blocks, so as to prevent light leakage and increase contrast.
  • the color filter substrate 20 further includes a planarization layer and an alignment layer, and the planarization layer can cover the black matrix 22 and the color-resist layer, and can planarize the black matrix 22 and the color-resist layer. the surface of the color resist layer.
  • the alignment layer on the side of the color filter substrate 20 is disposed on the side of the planarization layer facing the array substrate 10 , and cooperates with the alignment layer 13 on the array substrate 10 to obtain a pretilt angle for liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer 30 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 30 is sealed between the array substrate 10 and the color filter substrate 20 , and the liquid crystal layer 30 at least includes liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal layer 30 further includes a support column, and the two ends of the support column are in contact with the color filter substrate 20 and the array substrate 10 respectively.
  • the support columns are arranged in the non-blind hole area 120. It can be understood that at this time, the liquid crystal layer 30 Only liquid crystal exists in the blind hole area 110 .
  • the display screen 100 further includes a first polarizing layer 40 , a cover plate 50 and a second polarizing layer 60 .
  • the first polarizing layer 40 is disposed on the light emitting side of the display screen 100 .
  • the first polarizing layer 40 is disposed on a side of the color filter substrate 20 away from the array substrate 10 . That is, the first polarizing layer 40 is disposed on a side of the base substrate 21 away from the black matrix 22 .
  • the first polarizing layer 40 is formed with a first opening 41 at a position corresponding to the blind hole area 110 .
  • the light transmittance of the blind hole area 110 can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the light capturing capability of the camera 200 and improving the imaging effect.
  • the size of the first opening 41 is greater than or equal to that of the blind hole area 110 .
  • the orthographic projection of the first opening 41 on the display screen 100 overlaps with the blind hole area 110 or exceeds the blind hole area 110 .
  • the present application does not limit the shape of the first opening 41 .
  • the first opening 41 may be, but not limited to, circular or rectangular.
  • the angles between the absorption axis of the first polarizing layer 40 and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the display screen 100 are 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees. at least one of the degrees. That is, when the angle between the absorption axis of the first polarizing layer 40 and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is the above angle, the effect of the dark state display is the best, wherein the transparent display panel (such as VA mode LCD) is dark when not driven.
  • the transparent display panel such as VA mode LCD
  • the first polarizing layer 40 can be pasted on the light-emitting side surface of the display screen 100 through optical glue (OCA).
  • OCA optical glue
  • the cover plate 50 is disposed on a side of the first polarizing layer 40 away from the display screen 100 , and the cover plate 50 covers the first polarizing layer 40 .
  • the cover plate 50 is a single-layer or multi-layer laminated structure formed of fully transparent glass or other transparent materials. During specific implementation, the cover plate 50 can be pasted on the first polarizing layer 40 through an optical adhesive layer.
  • the cover 50 is a flexible cover 50 .
  • the flexible cover 50 includes a flexible substrate and a hardened film laminated on one side of the flexible substrate.
  • the flexible substrate can be a polymer material such as PI, COP or PET, and its thickness is generally not more than 50 ⁇ m, so as to ensure that the flexible cover 50 has better bending properties.
  • the hardened film layer is a film structure deposited on one surface of the flexible substrate, and its thickness is generally not more than 10 ⁇ m. The strength of the flexible cover 50 can be enhanced through the hardened film layer, so that the flexible cover 50 can be anti-drop, wear-resistant and waterproof.
  • the second polarizing layer 60 is disposed on the light incident side of the display screen 100 .
  • the second polarizing layer 60 is disposed on a side of the array substrate 10 away from the color filter substrate 20 . That is, the second polarizing layer 60 is disposed on a side of the base substrate 11 away from the layer of the thin film transistor 12 .
  • the second polarizing layer 60 is formed with a second opening 61 at a position corresponding to the blind hole area 110 .
  • the light transmittance of the blind hole area 110 can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the light capturing capability of the camera 200 and improving the imaging effect.
  • the second opening 61 can also be used to accommodate the camera 200 .
  • Such setting is beneficial to reduce the thickness and size of the camera device under the screen.
  • the second opening 61 can also be used for disposing the electrochromic layer 1 .
  • at least a part of the electrochromic layer 1 is disposed in the second opening 61 .
  • the size of the second opening 61 is greater than or equal to that of the blind hole area 110 .
  • the orthographic projection of the second opening 61 on the display screen 100 overlaps with the blind hole area 110 or exceeds the blind hole area 110 .
  • the present application does not limit the shape of the second opening 61 .
  • the second opening 61 may be, but not limited to, circular or rectangular.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams of a second embodiment of the display screen 100 of the present application. Compared with the display screen 100 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the biggest difference of the display screen 100 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is that the electrochromic layer 1 is arranged on the light emitting side of the display screen 100 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 is disposed in the first opening 41 of the first polarizing layer 40 .
  • the electrochromic layer 1 is filled in the first opening 41 of the first polarizing layer 40, when viewed from the display side, the electrochromic state in the color development state Layer 1 makes the blind hole area 110 more consistent with the non-blind hole area 120 , and the appearance integrity of the display screen 100 is higher.
  • the first electrode layer 101, the electrochromic material layer 102 and the second electrode layer 103 of the electrochromic layer 1 are sequentially stacked on the base substrate of the color filter substrate 20. on the surface of the light-emitting side.
  • the electrochromic layer 1 is located in the enclosed space surrounded by the base substrate, the first polarizing layer 40 and the cover plate 50, which can maximize the use of the internal space of the display screen 100. , can also provide sealing protection for the electrochromic layer 1 .
  • the present application also provides a display device, which includes the display screen 100 and the camera 200 of the present application.
  • the camera 200 is disposed on the light incident side of the display screen 100 , and the camera 200 corresponds to the blind hole area 110 of the display screen 100 .
  • a part of the camera 200 is accommodated in the second opening 61 of the second polarizing layer 60 , so that the thickness of the display device can be reduced.
  • the display device further includes a backlight module 300, the backlight module 300 is arranged on the light-incident side of the display screen 100, and the backlight module 300 corresponds to the display
  • a third opening 310 is formed at the position of the blind hole region 110 of the screen 100 .
  • the third opening 310 can also be used to accommodate the camera 200 , thereby reducing the thickness of the camera device under the screen.
  • the backlight module 300 is disposed on the side of the second polarizing layer 60 away from the first polarizing layer 40 , and at least the camera 200 A part is accommodated in the second opening 61 and the third opening 310 .
  • the camera 200 may be disposed in the third opening 310 . That is to say, the present application does not make any specific limitation on the installation position of the camera 200 .

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Abstract

一种显示屏（100）及显示装置，显示屏（100）包括位于盲孔区（110）的电致变色层（1），电致变色层（1）包括依次层叠的第一电极层（101）、电致变色材料层（102）以及第二电极层（103）。能在摄像功能关闭时遮挡盲孔区（110）和屏下摄像头（200），使外观更美观并实现保护隐私的作用，同时在摄像功能打开时，还不影响屏下摄像头（200）采光。

Description

显示屏及显示装置 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示屏和显示装置。
 背景技术
随着显示屏智能化的发展，在显示屏中集成摄像头以实现人与显示屏互动的需求越来越强。屏下摄像头技术是指将摄像头集成在显示屏的下方的技术，它能作为屏幕互动技术的基础，增加屏幕附加值。
图1为现有屏下摄像头显示装置的示意图。如图1所示，所述显示屏901包括允许环境光透过的盲孔区910和非盲孔区920，摄像头902设置在显示屏901下方，并且与所述盲孔区910相对应。
然而，屏下摄像头技术会导致显示屏901无法整面显示图像。再者，摄像头是当前手机、笔记本等电子设备的基本配置，然而却十分容易受到攻击而导致使用者个人隐私泄露。因此，需要对摄像头进行遮挡。
当前，已经出现了一些摄像头遮挡设备来遮挡摄像头技术。这些技术主要分为两类：第一类是外置遮挡附件，通过人为在摄像头外侧放置遮挡片来遮挡摄像头，例如，在笔记本电脑的摄像头处黏贴覆盖遮挡物，该遮挡物易于丢失；第二类通过机械方法移动遮挡片，实现遮挡摄像头的效果，但这些设备体积较大，难以集成到摄像头本体，实现摄像头/遮挡设备的微型化和一体化。
因此，亟需提供一种显示屏和显示装置，以解决上述技术问题。
 技术问题
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供一种显示屏和采用所述显示屏的显示装置，能在摄像功能关闭时遮挡盲孔区和屏下摄像头，使显示屏外观更美观并实现保护隐私的作用，而且在摄像功能打开时，不会影响屏下摄像头采光。
 技术解决方案
本申请提供一种显示屏，具有盲孔区，所述显示屏包括：
第一偏光层，设置在所述显示屏的出光侧，并且所述第一偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第一开口；
电致变色层，所述电致变色层的至少一部分位于所述盲孔区内，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的阵列基板中或者设置于所述第一开口中，并且，所述电致变色层包括：
第一电极层；
电致变色材料层，设置在所述第一电极层上；以及，
第二电极层，设置在所述电致变色材料层的远离所述第一电极层的一侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的阵列基板中。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述盲孔区内，所述阵列基板包括：
衬底基板，所述电致变色层设置在所述衬底基板上；以及，
配向层，设置在所述电致变色层远离所述衬底基板一侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的出光侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述显示屏的出光侧设置有第一偏光层，所述第一偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第一开口，所述电致变色层的至少一部分设置于所述第一开口内。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述显示屏还包括一盖板，所述盖板设置于所述第一偏光层的远离所述显示屏的一侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述显示屏的入光侧设置有第二偏光层，所述第二偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第二开口。
本申请还提供一种显示屏，具有盲孔区，所述显示屏包括电致变色层，所述电致变色层的至少一部分位于所述盲孔区内；
并且，所述电致变色层包括：
第一电极层；
电致变色材料层，设置在所述第一电极层上；以及，
第二电极层，设置在所述电致变色材料层的远离所述第一电极层的一侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的阵列基板中。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述盲孔区内，所述阵列基板包括：
衬底基板，所述电致变色层设置在所述衬底基板上；以及，
配向层，设置在所述电致变色层远离所述衬底基板一侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的出光侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述显示屏的出光侧设置有第一偏光层，所述第一偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第一开口，所述电致变色层的至少一部分设置于所述第一开口内。
可选地，在一些实施例中，所述显示屏还包括一盖板，所述盖板设置于所述第一偏光层的远离所述显示屏的一侧。
可选地，在一些实施例中，在所述显示屏的入光侧设置有第二偏光层，所述第二偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第二开口。
本申请还提供一种显示装置，包括显示屏以及摄像头；
所述显示屏，具有盲孔区，所述显示屏包括电致变色层，所述电致变色层的至少一部分位于所述盲孔区内，并且所述电致变色层包括：
第一电极层；
电致变色材料层，设置在所述第一电极层上；以及，
第二电极层，设置在所述电致变色材料层的远离所述第一电极层的一侧。
其中所述摄像头位于所述显示屏的入光侧，并且对应所述显示屏的盲孔区。
可选地在一些实施例中，所述显示装置包括位于所述显示屏的入光侧的背光模组，所述背光模组在对应所述显示屏的盲孔区的位置处开设有第三开口。
可选地在一些实施例中，所述摄像头的至少一部分位于所述第三开口中。
可选地在一些实施例中，所述摄像头的至少一部分位于所述第三开口和所述第二开口中。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本申请所述显示屏和显示装置，通过在显示屏的盲孔区内设置电致变色层，利用电致变色层的通电能切换透明态和显色态的特性，一方面可以在摄像功能关闭时遮挡盲孔区和摄像头，使外观更美观并实现保护隐私的作用；另一方面，在摄像功能打开时，电致变色层变为透明态，允许环境光进入透过，透明壳体具有变色显示的外观效果。再者，本申请的电致变色层集成在显示屏的盲孔区内，不会造成显示屏厚度的增加。
 附图说明
图1为现有显示屏的结构示意图。
图2为本申请显示装置的第一实施例的示意图。
图3为图2的细节放大图。
图4为本申请显示装置的第二实施例的示意图。
图5为图4的细节放大图。
 本发明的实施方式
本申请提供一种显示屏和显示装置，为使本申请的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下参照附图并举实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
图2为本申请显示装置的第一实施例的示意图，图4为本申请显示装置的第二实施例的示意图。图3和图5分别为图2和图4的细节放大图。图2和图3所示的显示装置与图4和图5所示的显示装置的主要区别点在于电致变色层1的设置位置不同。以下将结合图2至图5详细介绍本申请显示屏100以及采用所述显示屏100的显示装置的结构。
如图2和图3所示，本申请的显示屏100具有盲孔区110和非盲孔区120。所述显示屏100包括电致变色层1，所述电致变色层1的至少一部分位于所述盲孔区内110内。其中，所述电致变色层1包括第一电极层101、电致变色材料层102和第二电极层103，其中电致变色材料层102设置在所述第一电极层101上，所述第二电极层103设置在所述电致变色材料层102的远离所述第一电极层101的一侧。
显然地，所述电致变色层1具有显色态和透明态。在所述显色态时，所述电致变色层1能遮挡所述盲孔区110，在透明态时，所述电致变色层1允许光线穿过所述盲孔区110。
至此，本申请的显示屏100通过在显示屏100的盲孔区110内设置电致变色层1，利用电致变色层1的通电能切换透明态和显色态的特性，可以实现遮挡盲孔区110和允许光线穿过盲孔区110的两种工作状态，从而使外观更美观并实现保护隐私的作用。
其中所述盲孔区110是指为了提高显示屏100在某一区域的透光率，而将显示屏100在该区域内的若干膜层去除的区域。在具体实施时，一般去除阵列基板或彩膜基板中会影响光线穿透的膜层，例如但不限于金属层或黑色矩阵。
而所述非盲孔区120可以为用于画面显示或发光的区域。
具体地到本申请的显示装置中，摄像头200集成显示屏100的入光侧（或者说非显示侧），并与所述显示屏100的盲孔区110相对应。此时，外界的环境光能通过所述盲孔区110进入到摄像头200中。也就是说，盲孔区110能作为摄像头200的入光口。
在本申请中，显示屏100的入光侧（非显示侧）是指背光光线的入射至显示屏100的一侧，例如，所述显示屏100的朝向所述背光模组300的一侧。相应地，所述显示屏100的出光侧是指光线由显示屏100出射的一侧，例如显示屏100的远离所述背光模组300的一侧。
而所述电致变色层1具有显色态和透明态。在显色态时盲孔区110（摄像头200的入光口）被电致变色层1遮挡，电致变色层1在显色态时可以使得盲孔区110呈现的颜色与周围其他元件的颜色在整体上一致，以使得在显色态下移动终端或显示屏100的外观整体性不因摄像头的设置而受到不利影响。在透明态时环境光线能够穿过盲孔区110（摄像头200的入光口）入射至摄像头200的入光口，进入入光口的光线，可以进一步入射至摄像头200的感光元件上。换言之，电致变色层1在透明态下，摄像头200的功能不受影响。
至此可知，在本申请的方案，通过在显示屏100的盲孔区110内设置电致变色层1，利用电致变色层1的通电能切换透明态和显色态的特性，一方面可以在摄像功能关闭时遮挡盲孔区110和摄像头，使外观更美观并实现保护隐私的作用；另一方面，在摄像功能打开时，电致变色层1变为透明态，允许环境光进入透过，透明壳体具有变色显示的外观效果。再者，本申请的电致变色层1集成在显示屏100的盲孔区110内，不会造成显示屏100厚度的增加。
具体地，本申请所述电致变色层1可以设置于所述显示屏100内，也可以设置在所述显示屏100的出光侧（显示侧）。
以下将结合所述显示屏100和显示装置具有的结构，阐述本申请电致变色层1在所述显示屏100的布置方式。
如图2和图3所示，所述显示屏100包括彩膜基板20、阵列基板10和液晶层30，所述彩膜基板20和所述阵列基板10相对设置，所述液晶层30被密封于所述彩膜基板20和所述阵列基板10之间。
需要说明的是，为了更加直观地表现出本申请显示屏100的结构。图2和图3中并未示意所述彩膜基板20和所述阵列基板10的其他膜层结构。但所属领域的技术人员应当理解，所述彩膜基板20和所述阵列基板10实际包含的膜层结构，并不限于此。
如图2所示，所述阵列基板10包括衬底基板11、多个薄膜晶体管12、电致变色层1和配向层13。
在具体实施时，所述衬底基板11可以刚性衬底，如玻璃、透明树脂等，也可以是柔性衬底，如聚酰亚胺、聚碳酸酯、聚醚砜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、多芳基化合物或玻璃纤维增强塑料等。在本实施例中，所述衬底基板为玻璃基板。
如图2所示，所述薄膜晶体管12设置在所述衬底基板11朝向所述彩膜基板20一侧，所述薄膜晶体管12能用于开关或驱动。本申请并未限定所述薄膜晶体管12的类型或结构，可以根据实际显示需求更改或选择。
具体地，所述薄膜晶体管12可包括栅极、有源层、源极和漏极，此源极和漏极分别与有源层两侧的掺杂区连接。需要说明的是，栅极与有源层之间还可设置栅绝缘层，以使栅极与有源层之间相互绝缘。
如图2所示，所述薄膜晶体管12仅设置在所述非盲孔区120内，以能提高所述盲孔区110的透光率，保障摄像头200的成像效果。
请进一步参考图2，在本实施例中，所述薄膜晶体管12的各个功能膜层（包括金属层和绝缘层）均避让所述盲孔区110。此时，所述阵列基板10在所述盲孔区110仅包括衬底基板11、电致变色层1和配向层13。在这种架构下，可以在所述非盲孔区120的靠近所述盲孔区110处设置凹槽等底切结构，以防止异形切割的裂纹传递到所述非盲孔区120，提高所述阵列基板10的稳定性。
当然，在其它实施例中，可以使所述薄膜晶体管12中的例如栅绝缘层（栅极绝缘层）在所述非盲孔区120内连续，而避让所述盲孔区110。
在另外一部分实施例中，也可以使所述薄膜晶体管12中的绝缘层整层形成，使其位于盲孔区110和非盲孔区120。此时，所述阵列基板10在所述盲孔区110包括衬底基板11、设置于所述衬底基板的绝缘层（即上述薄膜晶体管12的绝缘层）、电致变色层1和配向层13。
如图2所示，所述电致变色层1设置在所述衬底基板11的朝向所述彩膜基板20的一侧，并且所述电致变色层1位于所述盲孔区110内。
具体地，所述电致变色层1在所述显示屏100上的正投影完全覆盖所述盲孔区110。也就是说，所述电致变色层1的尺寸等于所述盲孔区110，或者超出所述盲孔区110。
具体地，所述电致变色层1在所述盲孔区110内以连续的方式延伸至非盲孔区120处。
如图3所示，本申请提供了一种所述电致变色层1的实施方式。如图3所示，所述电致变色层1包括依次层叠的第一电极层101、电致变色材料层102和第二电极层103。
请继续参考图3，所述第一电极层101设置在所述薄膜晶体管12层的朝向所述彩膜基板20的一侧；所述电致变色材料层102设置在所述第一电极层101的远离所述衬底基板11，并且所述电致变色材料层102包覆整个所述第一电极层101的外表面。所述第二电极层103设置在所述电致变色材料层102的远离所述第一电极层101的一侧，并且所述第二电极层103包覆在整个所述电致变色材料层102的外表面上。
请继续参考图3，所述第一电极层101和所述第二电极层103相互绝缘，两者用于引出所述电致变色层1的控制线路。控制线路可以进一步通过导线或者金属触点等电性连接至显示屏100的驱动结构。
在具体实施时，所述第一电极层101和所述第二电极层103均采用透光率较高的透明电极材料，以提高所述电致变色层1整体的透光率。所述电极材料可以为但不限于，ITO(氧化铟锡)、氧化铟锌(IZO)或氧化锌(ZnO)。
所述电致变色材料层102的材料可以为Wo x、WNiO x、聚苯胺、PEDOT（聚3，4-乙烯二氧噻吩）等电致变色材料。电致变色材料的光学属性(反射率、透过率、吸收率等)在外加电场的作用下能够发生稳定、可逆的颜色变化，使得电致变色材料在外观上表现为颜色和透明度的可逆变化。
在一些实施例中，可以将所述电致变色层1的部分膜层的制作集成于所述阵列基板10的制作过程中。例如，所述阵列基板10还包括设置于所述薄膜晶体管12层的朝向所述彩膜基板20一侧的像素电极，所述第一电极层101和所述像素电极同层设置。在制作过程中，所述第一电极层101能与所述像素电极由同一层透明电极膜层获得。如此设计，可以经过一次构图工艺同时形成所述第一电极层101能与所述像素电极，减少了制作显示屏100的工艺步骤以及掩膜板的使用数量，从而可以节省制作显示屏100的时间，并节省成本。
在其他实施例中，所述电致变色层1还可能包括离子存储层或离子传输层。
如图2所示，所述配向层13设置在所述薄膜晶体管12朝向所述彩膜基板20一侧。
如图2所示，所述彩膜基板20包括衬底基板21和多个黑色矩阵22。
在具体实施时，所述衬底基板21可以刚性衬底，如玻璃、透明树脂等，也可以是柔性衬底，如聚酰亚胺、聚碳酸酯、聚醚砜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、多芳基化合物或玻璃纤维增强塑料等。在本实施例中，所述衬底基板为玻璃基板。
如图2所示，所述黑色矩阵22设置所述衬底基板21的朝向所述阵列基板10的一侧。所述黑色矩阵22用于遮挡阵列基板10中设置金属结构、例如：薄膜晶体管12、栅线或走线等等。
具体地，为防止影响到盲孔区110的透光率，所述黑色矩阵22设置在非盲孔区120内。即，所述黑色矩阵22以避让所述盲孔区110的方式设置。
也就是说，所述黑色矩阵22在对应所述盲孔区120的位置形成有镂空区。在其他一些实施方式中，所述电致变色层1能设置在所述镂空区内。
在具体实施时，所述黑色矩阵22可以由黑色矩阵22材料制成。所述黑色矩阵22材料可以为含有碳黑的黑色光阻等不透明材料。
具体地，所述彩膜基板20还包括一色阻层（图中未表现）。所述色阻层还包括多个间隔设置的色阻块。所述显示屏100的光线经所述色阻层的色阻块射出，以在视觉上显示色阻块对应的颜色，从而使所述显示屏100显示出需要的画面。
如图1所示，所述色阻层的色阻块包括红色色阻块、绿色色阻块和蓝色色阻块。在具体实施时，不同颜色的色阻块，可以由不同颜色的色阻材料制成。例如，红色色阻块、绿色色阻块和蓝色色阻块可以分别由红色色阻材料、绿色色阻材料或蓝色色阻材料制成。
在本实施例中，红色色阻块、绿色色阻块和蓝色色阻块依次按照一定规律排列，例如依照红绿蓝、红绿蓝、红绿蓝的方式排列，当然也可以按照其他光学要求而设置，在此不一一例举。总之，所述彩膜基板20配置适当，能保障实现显示屏100的正常显示功能即可。
具体地，所述色阻块设置在相邻的黑色矩阵22之间的色阻块。也就是说，所述黑色矩阵22在所述色阻层上的正投影位于所述色阻块之间，以达到防止漏光且增大对比度的效果。
在一些实施例中，所述彩膜基板20还包括平坦化层和配向层，所述平坦化层能覆盖于所述黑色矩阵22和所述色阻层，能平坦化所述黑色矩阵22和所述色阻层的表面。
所述彩膜基板20侧的配向层设置在所述平坦化层朝向所述阵列基板10的一侧，并与所述阵列基板10上的配向层13配合使液晶层30的液晶获得预倾角。
具体地，所述液晶层30密封于所述阵列基板10和所述彩膜基板20之间，所述液晶层30至少包括液晶。
在其他实施例中，所述液晶层30还包括支撑柱，所述支撑柱用于支撑的两端分别与所述彩膜基板20以及所述阵列基板10接触。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，为了保证所述盲孔区110的透光率，所述支撑柱设置于所述非盲孔区120内，可以理解的是，此时所述液晶层30在所述盲孔区110内只存在有液晶。
请继续参考图2和图3，所述显示屏100还进一步包括第一偏光层40、盖板50和第二偏光层60。
请参考图2，所述第一偏光层40设置在所述显示屏100的出光侧。
请参考图2，在本实施例中，所述第一偏光层40设置在所述彩膜基板20远离所述阵列基板10的一侧。即，所述第一偏光层40设置在所述衬底基板21的远离所述黑色矩阵22的一侧。
请参考图2，所述第一偏光层40在对应与所述盲孔区110的位置处形成有第一开口41。通过所述第一开口41能增加所述盲孔区110的透光率，有利于提高摄像头200的光捕捉能力，提升摄像效果。
具体地，所述第一开口41的尺寸大于或等于所述盲孔区110。换句话说，所述第一开口41在所述显示屏100的正投影重叠于所述盲孔区110或者超出所述盲孔区110。本申请对所述第一开口41的形状不做限定。例如，所述第一开口41可以但不限于为圆形或矩形。
为了进一步增大穿透率和提高显示效果，所述第一偏光层40的吸收轴与显示屏100中的液晶分子的长轴方向之间的夹角为45度、135度、225度以及315度中的至少一种。也即，当所述第一偏光层40的吸收轴与所述液晶分子的长轴方向之间的夹角为以上角度时，暗态显示的效果最佳，其中透明显示面板(比如VA模式的LCD)在不驱动时为暗态。
在具体实施时，所述第一偏光层40能通过光学胶（OCA）贴附于所述显示屏100的出光侧表面上。
请参考图2，所述盖板50设置在所述第一偏光层40的远离所述显示屏100的一侧，并且所述盖板50覆盖所述第一偏光层40。
具体地，所述盖板50为由全透明玻璃或其他透明材质，形成的单层或者多层层叠结构。具体实施时，所述盖板50能通过光学胶层贴合在所述第一偏光层40上。
在本实施例中，所述盖板50为柔性盖板50。所述柔性盖板50包括柔性衬底及层叠于所述柔性衬底一面的硬化薄膜层。所述柔性衬底可以为PI、COP或PET等高分子材料，其厚度一般不超过50μm，以保证所述柔性盖板50有较好的弯折特性。所述硬化薄膜层为沉积于所述柔性衬底的一个面上的一层薄膜结构，其厚度一般不超过10μm。通过所述硬化薄膜层能够增强所述柔性盖板50的强度，实现所述柔性盖板50的防摔、耐磨以及防水等特性。
请参考图2，所述第二偏光层60设置在所述显示屏100的入光侧。
在本实施例中，所述第二偏光层60设置在所述阵列基板10远离所述彩膜基板20的一侧。即，所述第二偏光层60设置在所述衬底基板11的远离所述薄膜晶体管12层的一侧。
请参考图2，所述第二偏光层60在对应所述盲孔区110的位置处形成有第二开口61。通过所述第二开口61能增加所述盲孔区110的透光率，有利于提高摄像头200的光捕捉能力，提升摄像效果。
具体地，所述第二开口61还能用于收容摄像头200。如此设置，有利于减少屏下摄像装置的厚度和尺寸。
当然，在其他一些实施例中，所述第二开口61还能用来设置所述电致变色层1。换句话说，所述电致变色层1的至少一部分设置于所述第二开口61内。
具体地，所述第二开口61的尺寸大于或等于所述盲孔区110。换句话说，所述第二开口61在所述显示屏100的正投影重叠于所述盲孔区110或者超出所述盲孔区110。本申请对所述第二开口61的形状不做限定。例如，所述第二开口61可以但不限于为圆形或矩形。
图4和图5为本申请显示屏100的第二实施例的示意图。与图2和图3所示显示屏100相比较，图4和图5所示显示屏100的最大不同之处在于：所述电致变色层1的设置在显示屏100的出光侧。
请一并参考图4和图5，本实施例中，所述电致变色层1设置在所述第一偏光层40的第一开口41内。
与图2的显示装置相比，由于所述电致变色层1填充在所述第一偏光层40的所述第一开口41内，从显示侧观察时，所述显色态的电致变色层1使所述盲孔区110与所述非盲孔区120的一致性更高，所述显示屏100的外观整体性更高。
请参考图5，在本实施例中，所述电致变色层1的第一电极层101、电致变色材料层102和第二电极层103依次层叠设置在彩膜基板20的衬底基板的出光侧表面上。
此时，所述电致变色层1位于所述衬底基板、所述第一偏光层40和所述盖板50围设成的封闭空间内，能实现对显示屏100内部空间的最大化利用，还能对所述电致变色层1提供密封保护作用。
基于相同的发明构思，本申请还提供一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括本申请的显示屏100和摄像头200。
所述摄像头200设置在所述显示屏100的入光侧，并且所述摄像头200对应所述显示屏100的盲孔区110。
请参考图2和图4，所述摄像头200的部分区域收容于所述第二偏光层60的第二开口61内，如此布置，能减少所述显示装置的厚度。
请继续参考图2和图4，所述显示装置还包括背光模组300，所述背光模组300设置在所述显示屏100的入光侧，并且所述背光模组300在对应所述显示屏100的盲孔区110的位置处形成有第三开口310。通过形成第三开口310，能提升盲孔区110的透光率，还能防止背光模组300的光对摄像头200产生影响。
同时，所述第三开口310还能用于收容所述摄像头200，进而能减少屏下摄像装置的厚度。
请一并参考图2和图4，在本实施例中，所述背光模组300设置在所述第二偏光层60的远离所述第一偏光层40的一侧，所述摄像头200的至少一部分收容于所述第二开口61和所述第三开口310内。
在其他实施例中，所述摄像头200可以设置在所述第三开口310内。也就说，本申请对所述摄像头200的设置位置并不做任何具体限定。
可以理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据本申请的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，而所有这些改变或替换都应属于本申请所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种显示屏，具有盲孔区，其中，所述显示屏包括：
    第一偏光层，设置在所述显示屏的出光侧，并且所述第一偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第一开口；
    电致变色层，所述电致变色层的至少一部分位于所述盲孔区内，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的阵列基板中或者设置于所述第一开口中，并且，所述电致变色层包括：
    第一电极层；
    电致变色材料层，设置在所述第一电极层上；以及，
    第二电极层，设置在所述电致变色材料层的远离所述第一电极层的一侧。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示屏，其中，在所述盲孔区内，所述阵列基板包括：
    衬底基板，所述电致变色层设置在所述衬底基板上；以及，
    配向层，设置在所述电致变色层远离所述衬底基板一侧。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的显示屏，其中，所述显示屏还包括一盖板，所述盖板设置于所述第一偏光层的远离所述显示屏的一侧。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的显示屏，其中，在所述显示屏的入光侧设置有第二偏光层，所述第二偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第二开口。
  5. 一种显示屏，具有盲孔区，其中，所述显示屏包括电致变色层，所述电致变色层的至少一部分位于所述盲孔区内；
    并且，所述电致变色层包括：
    第一电极层；
    电致变色材料层，设置在所述第一电极层上；以及，
    第二电极层，设置在所述电致变色材料层的远离所述第一电极层的一侧。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的显示屏，其中，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的阵列基板中。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的显示屏，其中，在所述盲孔区内，所述阵列基板包括：
    衬底基板，所述电致变色层设置在所述衬底基板上；以及，
    配向层，设置在所述电致变色层远离所述衬底基板一侧。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的显示屏，其中，所述电致变色层设置于所述显示屏的出光侧。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的显示屏，其中，在所述显示屏的出光侧设置有第一偏光层，所述第一偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第一开口，所述电致变色层的至少一部分设置于所述第一开口内。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的显示屏，其中，所述显示屏还包括一盖板，所述盖板设置于所述第一偏光层的远离所述显示屏的一侧。
  11. 如权利要求5所述的显示屏，其中，在所述显示屏的入光侧设置有第二偏光层，所述第二偏光层在对应所述盲孔区的位置处开设有第二开口。
  12. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括显示屏以及摄像头；
    所述显示屏，具有盲孔区，所述显示屏包括电致变色层，所述电致变色层的至少一部分位于所述盲孔区内；并且，所述电致变色层包括：
    第一电极层；
    电致变色材料层，设置在所述第一电极层上；以及，
    第二电极层，设置在所述电致变色材料层的远离所述第一电极层的一侧，
    其中所述摄像头位于所述显示屏的入光侧，并且对应所述显示屏的盲孔区。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示装置包括位于所述显示屏的入光侧的背光模组，所述背光模组在对应所述显示屏的盲孔区的位置处开设有第三开口。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中，所述摄像头的至少一部分位于所述第三开口中。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置，其中，所述摄像头的至少一部分位于所述第三开口和所述第二开口中。
PCT/CN2021/115596 2021-08-20 2021-08-31 显示屏及显示装置 WO2023019639A1 (zh)

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