WO2023016494A1 - 内窥镜的弯曲结构部 - Google Patents

内窥镜的弯曲结构部 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023016494A1
WO2023016494A1 PCT/CN2022/111483 CN2022111483W WO2023016494A1 WO 2023016494 A1 WO2023016494 A1 WO 2023016494A1 CN 2022111483 W CN2022111483 W CN 2022111483W WO 2023016494 A1 WO2023016494 A1 WO 2023016494A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bending
blocks
block
angle
abutting
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PCT/CN2022/111483
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹歌
刘红宇
孙平
鲁应君
Original Assignee
岱川医疗(深圳)有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2023016494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023016494A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/008—Articulations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/01—Guiding arrangements therefore
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/267—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the respiratory tract, e.g. laryngoscopes, bronchoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/273—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the upper alimentary canal, e.g. oesophagoscopes, gastroscopes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an endoscope part, in particular to a bending structure part of the endoscope.
  • endoscopes With the gradual development of the medical level, the use of endoscopes is becoming more and more common in medical operations, and the requirements for endoscopes are also increasing.
  • the application of endoscopes can be divided into gastroenteroscopes, uroscopes, etc. that require a large angle. Curved endoscope.
  • the functionality of large-angle bends is often limited by the occlusal angle between its bends. There are many factors that affect the occlusal angle, such as the angle of the effective cavity of the bending structure of the endoscope, the mechanical strength of the bending block, the external protection tube, and the working channel of the internal circuit.
  • the external protective tube and the internal circuit working channel of the curved structure are easily clamped between the two curved blocks, thereby reducing the occlusal angle between the two curved blocks and affecting the occlusal angle of the curved portion of the endoscope.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a bending structure part of an endoscope, which can prevent the bending block from clamping accessories such as protective tubes or internal pipelines, and ensure the practical space between two adjacent bending blocks.
  • the bending angle is close to the maximum turning angle.
  • a curved structural part of an endoscope comprising a curved part, a protective tube covering the outside of the curved part, and a traction guide wire threaded in the curved part
  • the curved part includes a plurality of connected curved blocks, corresponding Two adjacent bending blocks are rotatably connected through a connecting part, and the end faces of the bending blocks are respectively provided with contact surfaces on both sides of the connecting part;
  • one of the two abutting surfaces against each other is provided with a protruding portion, and the protruding portion extends along the axial direction of the bending block, and the other of the two abutting surfaces against each other is provided with a concave portion , the concave portion provides an avoidance space in the axial direction of the bending block;
  • the protruding portion rotates through the escape space until the two abutting surfaces abut against each other.
  • the abutting surface is concave, and the protruding part is arranged at the lowest point of the depression of the abutting surface.
  • the length of the protruding portion in the axial direction of the bending block is smaller than the length of the concave portion in the axial direction of the bending block.
  • one of the two abutting surfaces against each other is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the other of the two abutting surfaces against each other is provided with a plurality of depressions.
  • the two ends of the bending block respectively include a first end surface and a second end surface, the abutment surface located on the first end surface is the first abutment surface, and the abutment surface located on the second end surface The surface is the second abutting surface;
  • the bending part includes a plurality of first bending blocks and a plurality of second bending blocks, the first bending blocks and the second bending blocks are arranged at intervals, and the first abutting surface of the first bending blocks is provided with The first convex part and the first concave part, the second contact surface of the second bending block is correspondingly provided with the second concave part and the second convex part, and the first concave part is the second convex part.
  • the raised portion provides the avoidance space
  • the second recess provides the avoidance space for the first protrusion.
  • the first recesses are respectively provided on both sides of the first protrusion, and the second protrusions are respectively provided on both sides of the second recess.
  • the two ends of the bending block respectively include a first end surface and a second end surface, the abutment surface located on the first end surface is the first abutment surface, and the abutment surface located on the second end surface
  • the surface is the second abutment surface; the first abutment surface is provided with a first depression, the second abutment surface is provided with a second protrusion, and the first depression and the second protrusion
  • the parts are located on the same axis of the bending block.
  • a buffer seam is provided at the end of the bending block, the buffer seam extends along the circumferential direction of the bending block, and the gap between the buffer seam and the contact surface faces toward the bending block The inner side is depressed to form the concave portion, and the concave portion is formed with a via hole for passing the traction guide wire.
  • the maximum forward rotation angle of two adjacent bending blocks relative to the connecting portion is the first angle
  • the maximum reverse rotation angle of two adjacent bending blocks relative to the connecting portion is The rotation angle is a second angle
  • the first angle is smaller than the second angle
  • the first angle and the second angle of the plurality of bending pieces arranged in sequence increase sequentially.
  • the first angle of the plurality of bending blocks arranged in sequence increases with a first arithmetic sequence
  • the tolerance of the first arithmetic sequence is the first tolerance
  • the plurality of bending blocks The size of the second angle of is increased by the second arithmetic sequence
  • the tolerance of the second arithmetic sequence is the second tolerance
  • said first tolerance is smaller than said second tolerance.
  • a protrusion and a depression are respectively provided on the two abutting surfaces of two adjacent bending blocks that are opposed to each other.
  • the protruding part protrudes relative to the abutting surface, and the concave part is recessed relative to the abutting surface, and the concave part avoids interference with the protruding part, so as to ensure that the two abutting surfaces are opposed to each other. While not affecting the maximum rotation angle of the two bending blocks, the space between the two abutting surfaces of the two bending blocks is reduced.
  • the protrusion can block the protective cover or the internal circuit to prevent it from entering between the two abutting surfaces, so that the two abutting surfaces can abut smoothly, thereby ensuring the largest bending angle between the two bending blocks, and the endoscope has better bending performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bending structure portion of an endoscope according to the present embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the curved portion shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial perspective view of the bending part shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial side view of the bending portion shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the bending portion shown in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the bending state of the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the bending portion shown in FIG. 2 .
  • directional designations (such as up, down, left, right, front and back) are used to explain that the structure and movement of the various elements of the invention are not absolute but relative. These descriptions are applicable when the elements are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the indications of the positions of these elements are changed, the indications of these directions are changed accordingly.
  • the present invention proposes a curved structure part of an endoscope.
  • the curved structure part of the endoscope in this embodiment includes a curved part 10 , a protective tube 20 covering the outside of the curved part 10 , and a circuit (not shown) inside the curved part 10 .
  • the protection tube 20 is used to seal and cover the bending portion 10 so that a closed cavity is formed in the bending portion 10 .
  • the protection tube 20 can be a rubber skin layer or a plastic layer.
  • the circuit provided in the bending part 10 may include electric circuit, air circuit, water circuit and pulling guide wire for pulling the bending part to bend.
  • the endoscope is provided with a front-end module at the front end of the curved structure part.
  • the front-end module includes a camera module for image acquisition, a water jet for spraying water, an air outlet for air intake/extraction, etc.
  • the lines in the curved structure part are used to communicate with the camera module, water spray port, air outlet, etc. of the front-end module.
  • Traction guide wire 30 is drivingly connected to the front end of the bending part, and the other end is drivingly connected to the handle control part of the endoscope.
  • Traction guide wire 30 may be a rigid wire.
  • the traction guide wire 30 passes through the bending part and is connected with the bending part.
  • the traction guide wire 30 stretches and pulls, pulls the curved part, makes the curved part bend, and plays the purpose of pulling and bending the curved part.
  • the curved portion includes a plurality of connected curved blocks.
  • the connecting parts are rotatably connected between two adjacent bending blocks.
  • the bends can be made by laser cutting steel pipes.
  • the bending block includes a head bending block located at the front end of the endoscope, a tail bending block located at the rear end of the endoscope, and a middle bending block located between the head and the tail.
  • the structure of the bow bending block and the tail bending block is similar to that of the middle bending block, the main difference is that the front end of the head bending block and the rear end of the tail bending block are not provided with a connecting part for connecting the bending blocks, so that the head
  • the bending block is the most front bending block
  • the tail bending block is the rearmost bending block. Both the front end and the rear end of the middle bending block are provided with connecting parts.
  • the following descriptions of the bending block unless otherwise specified, are descriptions of the features of the middle bending block.
  • the bending portion includes a plurality of first bending pieces 11 and a plurality of second bending pieces 12 .
  • the first bending block 11 and the second bending block 12 are spaced apart from each other, and two adjacent first bending blocks 11 and second bending blocks 12 are rotatably connected by a connecting portion 13 .
  • the first bending block 11 is provided with a first annular arm 111 and a first annular groove 112
  • the second bending block 12 is provided with a second annular arm 121 and a second annular groove 122 .
  • the first annular arm 111 is rotatably disposed in the second annular groove 122 .
  • the second annular arm 121 is rotatably disposed in the first annular groove 112 .
  • the first ring arm 111 and the second ring arm 121 rotate relative to each other to form the connecting portion 13 .
  • the hardness of the first ring arm 111 and the second ring arm 121 meets the connection strength requirement between the first bending block 11 and the second bending block 12 .
  • the specific structural form of the connecting portion 13 is not limited to the above-mentioned form, as long as the rotatable connection between the two bending blocks is realized.
  • the number of the first annular arm 111 and the first annular groove 112 can be multiple, and correspondingly, the number of the second annular arm 121 and the second annular groove 122 can also be multiple.
  • the end surface of the bending block is provided with an abutment surface.
  • the abutting surface is concave, so that a rotatable space can be formed between the abutting surfaces of two adjacent bending blocks, so that the two bending blocks can rotate relative to each other.
  • the axial directions of the two adjacent bending blocks are arranged at an included angle, and relatively stop rotating.
  • the bending block can have a contact surface 14 on both sides of the connecting portion 13 respectively. Then, one end surface of the bending block is provided with two abutting surfaces 14 .
  • the bending block may include a first end surface 101 and a second end surface 102 in its axial direction. The first end surface 101 faces toward the front end of the bent portion, and the second end face 102 faces toward the rear end of the bent portion.
  • the two abutting surfaces on the first end surface 101 of the bending block are the first abutting surfaces 141
  • the two abutting surfaces on the second end surface 102 of the bending block are the second abutting surfaces 142 .
  • the outer protective tube and the inner pipeline of the bending part are easily clamped between the two bending pieces, which will cause the maximum relative rotation of the two bending pieces.
  • the angle is different from the maximum rotation angle between the two bending blocks.
  • the maximum angle at which two adjacent bending blocks actually rotate relative to each other is the occlusal angle. Therefore, in a traditional endoscope, the bite angle between two adjacent bending blocks is often smaller than the maximum rotation angle between the two bending blocks. If the occlusal angle between each group of adjacent two bending blocks can reach the maximum rotation angle that can occur between the two bending blocks, the bending part can maintain the maximum angle bending.
  • one of the two abutting surfaces against each other is provided with a raised portion 15 .
  • the raised portion 15 extends in the axial direction of the bending block.
  • the other of the two mutually abutting abutting surfaces is provided with a recessed portion 16, and the recessed portion 16 provides an avoidance space in the axial direction of the bending block.
  • the recessed portion 16 provides a space for avoiding the rotation of the protruding portion 15, so as to ensure that the two bending pieces can rotate and engage smoothly. Therefore, the protruding portion 15 can make the occlusal angle between two adjacent bending pieces reach the maximum rotation angle that can occur between the two bending pieces, and the bending structure part of this embodiment can maintain the maximum angle of bending, and the bending structure part better bending performance.
  • multiple protrusions 15 may be located on the same abutment surface 14 , and multiple depressions 16 may also be located on the same abutment surface 14 . Therefore, the setting position and the number of the protruding parts 15 are not limited here, as long as there is no mutual interference between the protruding parts 15 during the relative rotation of the first bending piece 11 and the second bending piece 12, The protruding part 15 can block the internal cable or lift up the external protective tube, so as to ensure that two adjacent bending blocks can engage with each other at the maximum rotation angle.
  • the protruding portion 15 is located at the lowest point of the depression of the abutting surface.
  • the lowest point of the abutment surface depression is the largest biting distance between the two bending blocks.
  • the occlusal distance is the distance between the abutment surfaces of two adjacent bending blocks when the two adjacent bending blocks are at an occlusal angle. Then the protruding part 15 can effectively block the internal pipeline and the external protective tube at the position with the largest occlusal distance, so that the bending pieces can be occluded at the maximum rotation angle, and the bending part can keep the maximum bending angle.
  • the first abutting surface 1411 of the first bending block 11 is provided with a raised portion 15
  • the second abutting surface 1422 of the second bending block 12 is provided with a concave portion 16 .
  • the protrusion 15 passes through the avoidance space formed by the concave portion 16 to avoid the first abutting
  • the surface 1411 interferes with the second abutting surface 1422 .
  • the recessed portion 16 may also be a groove or a stamped groove or the like. The specific structural form of the recessed portion is not limited here, as long as the recessed portion can form an escape space for the protrusion 15 in the axial direction of the bending block.
  • a first protruding portion 151 is provided in the middle of the first abutting surface 1411 of the first bending block 11 , and a first concave portion 161 is respectively provided on both sides of the first protruding portion 151 .
  • a second concave portion 162 is formed in the middle of the second abutting surface 1422 of the second bending block 12 , and a second protruding portion 152 is respectively disposed on two sides of the second concave portion 162 .
  • the first recessed portion 161 provides an escape space for the second protrusion 152
  • the second recess 162 provides an escape space for the first protrusion 151 .
  • three protrusions 15 are provided between the first abutting surface 1411 of the first bending piece 11 and the second abutting surface 1422 of the second bending piece 12 . Then the three protrusions 15 can better block the protective cover or the internal circuit, preventing it from being bitten into the first abutting surface 1411 of the first bending piece 11 and the second abutting surface 1422 of the second bending piece 12 between, affecting the engagement between the first bending piece 11 and the second bending piece 12 .
  • the first abutting surface 141 is provided with a first concave portion 161 .
  • the second abutting surface 142 defines a second protruding portion 152 .
  • the first concave portion 161 and the second convex portion 152 are located on the same axis of the bending block.
  • the first concave portion 161 and the second protruding portion 152 are disposed opposite to each other, so that in the axial direction of the bending block, the length of the bending block is close to that without the protruding portion and the concave portion. Therefore, even if the bending block is provided with protrusions and depressions, the strength of the bending block itself will not be affected, and the overall strength of the bending portion will be maintained.
  • the first abutment surface of the first bending piece may also be provided with a plurality of first protrusions, or the first abutment surface of the first bending piece may be provided with a first depression department.
  • the second abutting surface of the second bending piece is correspondingly provided with a plurality of second recesses, or, the second abutting surface of the second bending piece may be provided with one second protrusion.
  • the second abutting surface 1422 of the second bending block 12 is provided with a guiding portion for passing the traction guide wire, and the guiding portion is recessed toward the inner side of the bending block.
  • the guide part can be a specific embodiment of the recessed part, and in other embodiments, the recessed part can also be in other structural forms.
  • a buffer seam 164 is defined at the end of the second bending block 12 close to the second abutting surface 1422 .
  • the buffer slit 164 extends along the circumferential direction of the second bending block 12 , and the space between the buffer slit 164 and the second abutting surface 1422 is recessed toward the inner side of the second bending block 142 to form an escape space.
  • the guide part is formed with a through hole (not shown) for passing the traction guide wire 30 .
  • the second bending piece 12 forms an escape space at the guide portion along its axial direction.
  • the guiding part and the protruding part 15 are arranged oppositely on the extension direction of the curved part, then when the first bending piece 11 and the second bending piece 12 are engaged, then the protruding part 15 on the first bending piece 11 can move from the The avoidance space passes through, so as to avoid interference between the raised portion 15 and the second bending piece 12 and affect the occlusal angle of the bending portion.
  • the protruding portion 15 of the first bending piece 11 is opposite to the concave portion 16 of the second bending piece 12 in the extending direction of the bending portion.
  • the protrusion 15 passes through the avoidance space formed by the recessed portion 16 to avoid interference with the second bending piece 12, and the first bending piece 11 It can engage with the second bending block 12 at the maximum rotation angle.
  • the maximum rotation angle of the relative rotation of two adjacent bending blocks is 50 degrees.
  • the length of the protruding portion 15 in the axial direction of the bending block is smaller than the length of the concave portion 16 in the axial direction of the bending block.
  • the distance between the raised portion 15 and the center of the connecting portion 13 meets the strength requirement of the bending block, so as to prevent the punching force from affecting the strength of the bending block and even deforming the bending block when the concave portion 16 is formed by stamping.
  • the opening of the first annular groove 112 faces one end of the first bending block 11 , and the distance between the bottom of the first annular groove 112 and the top end surface of the protrusion 15 is 0.5mm-1.5mm.
  • the opening of the second annular groove 122 faces one end of the second bending block 12 , and the distance between the bottom of the second annular groove 122 and the other end surface of the second bending block 12 is 0.5mm-1.5mm.
  • the top end surface of the protrusion 15 is an arcuate surface.
  • the top end surfaces of the protrusions 15 are all rounded, which facilitates the protrusions 15 to enter the avoidance space formed by the depressions 16 and pass out smoothly.
  • the bending structure portion of the endoscope according to this embodiment can be applied to gastrointestinal endoscopes and respiratory endoscopes.
  • the first bending block 11 and the second bending block 12 are rotatably connected by two connecting portions. Also, the connecting parts of the entire bending part are distributed in four axis directions. Then the gastrointestinal endoscope can be bent in four dimensions.
  • the first bending block 11 is provided with two protrusions
  • the second bending block 12 is provided with two protrusions
  • the protrusions of the first bending block 11 and the protrusions of the second bending block 12 are along the four sides of the bending portion. axes parallel to each other.
  • the first bending block 11 and the second bending block 12 are rotatably connected by two connecting portions. Also, the connecting parts of the entire curved part are distributed in two axial directions.
  • the airway endoscope can then be bent in two dimensions.
  • the first bending piece 11 is provided with two protrusions, and the protrusions of the plurality of first bending pieces 11 are distributed along two mutually parallel axes of the bending portion.
  • the length of the protruding part in the axial direction of the curved part is the first length H1
  • the distance from the bottom of the protruding part to the center of the connecting part is the second length H2
  • the center of the connecting part The distance from the buffer seam 164 is a third length H3, and the distance from the buffer seam 164 to the second abutting surface is a fourth length H4.
  • the first length H1 is smaller than the fourth length H4.
  • the maximum rotation angle of the forward rotation of two adjacent bending blocks relative to the connecting part is the first angle
  • the maximum rotation angle of the reverse rotation is the second angle.
  • the first angle and the second angle may be the same or different.
  • the first angle is smaller than the second angle.
  • the convex part can ensure that the forward rotation and reverse rotation between two adjacent bending blocks are engaged at the maximum rotation angle, and the above-mentioned bending structure part can realize bending with different radii of curvature, which can more flexibly match the shape of the object to be tested, and improve the quality of inspection. comfort.
  • the maximum rotation angle, ie, ⁇ , is the first angle.
  • the maximum rotation angle, ie, ⁇ , is the second angle.
  • the forward bending angle A of the bending part is smaller than the reverse bending angle B of the bending part.
  • the forward bending angle A of the bending part can reach 270 degrees
  • the reverse bending angle B of the bending part can reach 210 degrees.
  • H1 is the projected length of the protrusion on the axis direction of the bending part, which is the first length
  • H2 is the distance from the bottom of the protrusion to the center of the connecting part, which is the second length
  • H3 is the center of the connecting part
  • N is the number of bending blocks
  • ⁇ is the maximum rotation angle of positive rotation between two adjacent bending blocks.
  • H1 is the projected length of the protrusion on the axis direction of the bending part, which is the first length
  • H2 is the distance from the bottom of the protrusion to the center of the connecting part, which is the second length
  • H3 is the center of the connecting part
  • N is the number of bending blocks
  • ⁇ is the maximum rotation angle of reverse rotation between two adjacent bending blocks.
  • the forward curvature radius of the curved portion is smaller than the reverse curvature radius of the curved portion.
  • the forward curvature radius of the curved portion is 14mm
  • the reverse curvature radius of the curved portion is 17mm.
  • the first angle and the second angle of the plurality of bending blocks arranged in sequence increase sequentially.
  • the first angle of the plurality of bending blocks arranged in sequence increases with a first arithmetic progression, and the tolerance of the first arithmetic progression is the first tolerance.
  • the magnitude of the second angle of the plurality of curved blocks increases with a second arithmetic progression.
  • the tolerance of the second arithmetic sequence is the second tolerance. It can be understood that the first tolerance and the second tolerance may be equal or unequal.
  • the first tolerance is smaller than the second tolerance. That is, a ⁇ b, where a is the first tolerance and b is the second tolerance.
  • N is the number of bending blocks
  • A1 is the first angle of the starting bending block
  • a is the first tolerance
  • the positive curvature radius of the curved part is:
  • H1 is the projected length of the protrusion on the axis direction of the bending part, which is the first length
  • H2 is the distance from the bottom of the protrusion to the center of the connecting part, which is the second length
  • H3 is the center of the connecting part
  • N is the number of bending blocks
  • A1 is the first angle of the starting bending block
  • a is the first tolerance.
  • N is the number of bending blocks
  • B1 is the first angle of the starting bending block
  • b is the second tolerance
  • the reverse radius of curvature of the bend is:
  • H1 is the projected length of the protrusion on the axis direction of the bending part, which is the first length
  • H2 is the distance from the bottom of the protrusion to the center of the connecting part, which is the second length
  • H3 is the center of the connecting part
  • N is the number of bending blocks
  • B1 is the first angle of the starting bending block
  • b is the first tolerance.
  • the curved portion has different curvatures when it is bent forward or reversed. Having a larger curvature at the starting position of the bending portion enables the head end of the bending portion to bend at a larger angle. If the end of the curved portion has a smaller curvature, the end of the curved portion can transmit the control force better, ensuring that the curved portion has better control force. Therefore, the curved portion can better adapt to the use requirements of different medical environments and improve the performance of the endoscope.

Abstract

一种内窥镜的弯曲结构部，包括弯曲部（10）、包覆于弯曲部（10）外侧的保护管（20）及穿设于弯曲部（10）内的牵引导丝（30）。弯曲部（10）包括多个相连接的弯曲块（11，12），弯曲块（11，12）的端面于连接部（13）的两侧分别设有抵接面（14），两相互抵持的抵接面（14）中之一设有凸起部（15），凸起部（15）沿弯曲块（11，12）的轴向延伸，两相互抵持的抵接面（14）中的另一设有凹陷部（16），凹陷部（16）在弯曲块（11，12）的轴向上提供一避让空间。当两弯曲块（11，12）相互咬合的时候，凸起部（15）转动经过避让空间，直至两抵接面（14）相互抵持限位。凸起部（15）可以将保护管（20）或者内部线路进行阻挡，从而保证两个弯曲块（11，12）之间的弯曲角度最大，内窥镜的弯曲性能较优。

Description

内窥镜的弯曲结构部 技术领域
本发明涉及一种内窥镜部件，特别是一种内窥镜的弯曲结构部。
背景技术
随着医疗水平的逐渐发展，内窥镜的使用在医疗手术中越来越普遍，对内窥镜的要求也越发提升，对于内窥镜的应用可以分为胃肠镜、泌尿镜等需要大角度弯曲的内窥镜。但是，对于大角度弯曲部的功能往往受限于其弯曲块之间的咬合角度。对于影响咬合角度的因素包括很多，例如内窥镜弯曲结构部的作用腔道角度、弯曲块的机械强度、外部保护管以及内部线路工作通道等因素。其中，弯曲结构部的外部保护管及内部线路工作通道等容易夹持在两弯曲块之间，从而使两弯曲块之间的咬合角度减小，影响内窥镜弯曲部的咬合角度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种内窥镜的弯曲结构部，该内窥镜的弯曲结构部能够避免弯曲块夹住保护管或内部管路等配件，保证相邻两弯曲块之间的实际可弯曲的角度与最大转动角度相接近。
一种内窥镜的弯曲结构部，包括弯曲部、包覆于所述弯曲部外侧的保护管及穿设于弯曲部内的牵引导丝，所述弯曲部包括多个相连接的弯曲块，相邻两个弯曲块之间通过连接部可转动连接，所述弯曲块的端面于所述连接部的两侧分别设有抵接面；
其中，两相互抵持的抵接面中之一设有凸起部，所述凸起部沿所述弯曲块的轴向延伸，两相互抵持的抵接面中的另一设有凹陷部，所述凹陷部在所述弯曲块的轴向上提供一避让空间；
当两所述弯曲块相互咬合的时候，所述凸起部转动经过所述避让空间，直至两所述抵接面相互抵持。
在其中一实施方式中，所述抵接面呈凹面，所述凸起部设于所述抵接面的凹陷的最低处。
在其中一实施方式中，所述凸起部于所述弯曲块的轴向上的长度小于所述凹陷部于所述弯曲块的轴向上的长度。
在其中一实施方式中，两相互抵持的抵接面中之一设有多个所述凸起部，两相互抵持的抵接面中的另一设有多个所述凹陷部。
在其中一实施方式中，所述弯曲块的两端分别包括第一端面及第二端面，位于所述第一端面的抵接面为第一抵接面，位于所述第二端面的抵接面为第二抵接面；
所述弯曲部包括多个第一弯曲块及多个第二弯曲块，所述第一弯曲块与所述第二弯曲块相互间隔设置，所述第一弯曲块的第一抵接面设有第一凸起部及第一凹陷部，所述第二 弯曲块的第二抵接面对应设有第二凹陷部及第二凸起部，所述第一凹陷部为所述第二凸起部提供所述避让空间，所述第二凹陷部为所述第一凸起提供所述避让空间。
在其中一实施方式中，所述第一凸起部的两侧分别设有所述第一凹陷部，所述第二凹陷部的两侧分别设有所述第二凸起部。
在其中一实施方式中，所述弯曲块的两端分别包括第一端面及第二端面，位于所述第一端面的抵接面为第一抵接面，位于所述第二端面的抵接面为第二抵接面；所述第一抵接面设有第一凹陷部，所述第二抵接面设有第二凸起部，所述第一凹陷部与所述第二凸起部位于所述弯曲块的同一轴线上。
在其中一实施方式中，所述弯曲块的端部开设有缓冲缝，所述缓冲缝沿所述弯曲块的周向延伸，所述缓冲缝与所述抵接面之间朝向所述弯曲块内侧凹陷形成所述凹陷部，并且所述凹陷部形成有用于穿设所述牵引导丝的过孔。
在其中一实施方式中，相邻两所述弯曲块相对于所述连接部正向转动的最大转动角度为第一角度，相邻两所述弯曲块相对于所述连接部反向转动的最大转动角度为第二角度，所述第一角度小于所述第二角度。
在其中一实施方式中，在所述弯曲部的轴向上，依次排列的多个所述弯曲块的第一角度及第二角度依次增大。
在其中一实施方式中，依次排列的多个所述弯曲块的第一角度大小以第一等差数列增大，所述第一等差数列的公差为第一公差，多个所述弯曲块的第二角度大小以第二等差数列增大，所述第二等差数列的公差为第二公差。
在其中一实施方式中，所述第一公差小于所述第二公差。
在上述内窥镜的弯曲结构部中，相邻两弯曲块的相对抵持的两抵接面上，分别设有凸起部及凹陷部。凸起部相对于抵接面凸起，凹陷部相对于抵接面凹陷，凹陷部避免与凸起部相干涉，保证两抵接面相互抵持。在不影响两弯曲块的最大转动角度的同时，减小两弯曲块的两抵接面之间的空间。因此，在两弯曲块的咬合过程中，如果保护套被挤压、或者内部线路被扭曲欲进入两个弯曲块的咬合位置处，凸起部可以将保护套或者内部线路进行阻挡，避免其进入到两个抵接面之间，使两个抵接面能够顺利抵接，从而保证两个弯曲块之间的弯曲角度最大，内窥镜的弯曲性能较优。
附图说明
图1为本实施方式的内窥镜的弯曲结构部的立体图；
图2为图1所示弯曲部的侧面图；
图3为图1所示弯曲部的局部立体图；
图4为图3所示弯曲部的局部侧面图；
图5为图4所示弯曲部的局部放大图；
图6为图2所示弯曲部的正向转动及反向转动的弯曲状态示意图。
附图标记说明如下：10、弯曲部；101、第一端面；102、第二端面；11、第一弯曲块；第一环形臂111；第一环形槽112；12、第二弯曲块；13、连接部；14、抵接面；141、1411第一抵接面；142、1422第二抵接面；15、凸起部；151、第一凸起部；152、第二凸起部；16、凹陷部；161、第一凹陷部；162、第二凹陷部；164、缓冲缝；
20、保护管；
30、牵引导丝。
具体实施方式
尽管本发明可以容易地表现为不同形式的实施方式，但在附图中示出并且在本说明书中将详细说明的仅仅是其中一些具体实施方式，同时可以理解的是本说明书应视为是本发明原理的示范性说明，而并非旨在将本发明限制到在此所说明的那样。
由此，本说明书中所指出的一个特征将用于说明本发明的一个实施方式的其中一个特征，而不是暗示本发明的每个实施方式必须具有所说明的特征。此外，应当注意的是本说明书描述了许多特征。尽管某些特征可以组合在一起以示出可能的系统设计，但是这些特征也可用于其他的未明确说明的组合。由此，除非另有说明，所说明的组合并非旨在限制。
在附图所示的实施方式中，方向的指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前和后)用于解释本发明的各种元件的结构和运动不是绝对的而是相对的。当这些元件处于附图所示的位置时，这些说明是合适的。如果这些元件的位置的说明发生改变时，则这些方向的指示也相应地改变。
以下结合本说明书的附图，对本发明的较佳实施方式予以进一步地详尽阐述。
请参见图1，本发明提出一种内窥镜的弯曲结构部。
具体在本实施方式中，本实施方式的内窥镜的弯曲结构部包括弯曲部10、包覆在弯曲部10外侧的保护管20、及设于弯曲部10内的线路(图未示)。保护管20用于对弯曲部10进行密封包覆，使弯曲部10内形成一封闭腔体。保护管20可以为橡胶皮层、塑胶层。
则设于弯曲部10内的线路可以包括电路、气路、水路及用于牵引弯曲部弯折的牵引导丝。由于内窥镜于弯曲结构部前端设有前端模块。前端模块包括用于获取图像的摄像模块、用于喷水的喷水口，用于进气/抽气的出气口等。弯曲结构部内的线路用于连通前端模块的摄像模块、喷水口、出气口等。
牵引导丝30的一端与弯曲部的前端驱动连接，另一端与内窥镜的手柄操控部驱动连接。牵引导丝30可以为刚性金属丝。牵引导丝30穿设于弯曲部内，并与弯曲部连接。牵引导丝30伸缩拉动，牵引弯曲部，使弯曲部弯折，起到牵引弯曲部弯折的目的。
弯曲部包括多个相连接的弯曲块。相邻两个弯曲块之间通过连接部可转动连接。具体地，弯曲部可以通过激光切割钢管制成。
其中，弯曲块包括位于内窥镜前端的首部弯曲块、位于内窥镜后端的尾部弯曲块及位于首部与尾部之间的中部弯曲块。首部弯曲块与尾部弯曲块的结构与中部弯曲块的结构相 似，其不同之处主要在于，首部弯曲块的前端及尾部弯曲块的后端不设有用于连接弯曲块的连接部，以使首部弯曲块为最前端的弯曲块，尾部弯曲块为最后端的弯曲块。中部弯曲块的前端、后端均设有连接部。下文对于弯曲块的说明，除特殊说明，其为对中部弯曲块的特征进行说明。
请参阅图2及图3，具体在本实施方式中，弯曲部包括多个第一弯曲块11及多个第二弯曲块12。第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12相互间隔设置，相邻两第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12之间通过连接部13可转动连接。具体地，第一弯曲块11设有第一环形臂111及第一环形槽112，第二弯曲块12设有第二环形臂121及第二环形槽122。第一环形臂111可转动设于第二环形槽122内。第二环形臂121可转动设于第一环形槽112内。第一环形臂111与第二环形臂121相对转动形成连接部13。第一环形臂111与第二环形臂121的硬度满足第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12之间的连接强度要求。
可以理解，连接部13的具体结构形式，不限于上述形式，只要两弯曲块之间实现可转动连接即可。例如，第一环形臂111及第一环形槽112的个数还可以分别为多个，对应的，第二环形臂121及第二环形槽122也可以分别为多个。
弯曲块的端面设有抵接面。本实施方式中，抵接面呈凹面，以使两相邻弯曲块的抵接面之间能够形成可转动的空间，以使两弯曲块之间能够相对转动。当两抵接面相互抵持的时候，相邻两弯曲块的轴向呈夹角设置，并且相对停止转动。
弯曲块于连接部13的两侧可以分别设有一抵接面14。则弯曲块的一端端面上设有两个抵接面14。具体地，弯曲块在其轴向方向上，可以包括第一端面101及第二端面102。第一端面101朝向弯曲部的前端方向，第二端面102朝向弯曲部的后端方向。位于弯曲块的第一端面101的两抵接面为第一抵接面141，位于弯曲块的第二端面102的两抵接面为第二抵接面142。相邻两弯曲块之间相对转动，当两弯曲块的抵接面14相对抵持的时候，则两弯曲块相对转动至最大转动角度，两个弯曲块之间通过两抵接面14相对限位。即，当第一弯曲块11的第一抵接面1411与第二弯曲块12的第二抵接面1422相互抵持的时候，则第一弯曲块141与第二弯曲块142之间转动至最大转动角度，两个弯曲块之间相对限位。
在传统的内窥镜中，在弯曲部弯曲的过程中，弯曲部的外部保护管及内部管路，容易夹持在两弯曲块之间，则会导致两个弯曲块实际发生相对转动的最大角度不同于两弯曲块之间的最大转动角度。为方便说明，现规定，相邻两弯曲块实际发生相对转动的最大角度为咬合角度。因此，在传统的内窥镜中，相邻两弯曲块之间的咬合角度往往会小于两个弯曲块之间的最大转动角度。如果每组相邻的两个弯曲块之间的咬合角度能够达到两弯曲块之间能够发生的最大转动角度，则弯曲部能够保持最大角度弯曲。
具体在本实施方式中，两相互抵持的抵接面中之一设有凸起部15。凸起部15沿弯曲块的轴向延伸。两相互抵持的抵接面中的另一设有凹陷部16，凹陷部16在弯曲块的轴向上提供一避让空间。当两弯曲块相互咬合的时候，凸起部15转动经过避让空间，直至两 抵接面相互抵持。凸起部15可以将保护套20或者内部线路进行阻挡，避免其进入到两个抵接面之间。并且，凹陷部16为凸起部15提供转动的避让空间，保证两弯曲块能够顺利转动咬合。因此，凸起部15能够使相邻的两个弯曲块之间的咬合角度能够达到两弯曲块之间能够发生的最大转动角度，本实施方式的弯曲结构部能够保持最大角度弯曲，弯曲结构部的弯曲性能较优。
在其他实施方式中，多个凸起部15可以位于同一抵接面14上，多个凹陷部16也可以位于同一抵接面14上。因此，此处对凸起部15的设置位置及设置个数不做限定，只要在第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12的相对转动的时候，凸起部15之间不发生相互干涉，凸起部15能够阻挡内部线缆或顶起外部保护管，保证相邻两弯曲块能够以最大转动角度咬合即可。
由于抵接面14呈凹面，则凸起部15设于抵接面的凹陷的最低处。抵接面凹陷的最低处为两弯曲块之间咬合距离最大处。其中，咬合距离为相邻两弯曲块处于咬合角度的时候，两个弯曲块的抵接面之间的距离。则凸起部15于咬合距离最大的位置处，可以对内部管路及外部保护管进行较为有效的阻挡，使弯曲块之间以最大转动角度咬合，则弯曲部能够保持最大弯曲角度弯曲。
请参阅图3，具体在本实施方式中，第一弯曲块11的第一抵接面1411上设有凸起部15，第二弯曲块12的第二抵接面1422上设有凹陷部16。当第一弯曲块11的第一抵接面1411与第二弯曲块12的第二抵接面1422相互靠近时，凸起部15穿过凹陷部16形成的避让空间，以避免第一抵接面1411与第二抵接面1422干涉。凹陷部16还可以为凹槽或者冲压槽等。此处对凹陷部的具体结构形式不做限定，只要凹陷部能够为凸起部15在弯曲块的轴向上形成避让空间即可。
具体在本实施方式中，第一弯曲块11的第一抵接面1411的中部设有第一凸起部151，位于第一凸起部151的两侧分别设有一第一凹陷部161。第二弯曲块12的第二抵接面1422的中部设有第二凹陷部162，位于第二凹陷部162的两侧分别设有一第二凸起部152。第一凹陷部161为第二凸起部152提供避让空间，第二凹陷部162为第一凸起部151提供避让空间。
则在第一弯曲块11的第一抵接面1411与第二弯曲块12的第二抵接面1422之间设有三个凸起部15。则三个凸起部15能够更好的将保护套或内部线路进行阻挡，避免其被咬入第一弯曲块11的第一抵接面1411与第二弯曲块12的第二抵接面1422之间，影响第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12之间的咬合。
请参阅图3，并且，弯曲块的第一抵接面141及第二抵接面142上，第一抵接面141设有第一凹陷部161。第二抵接面142设有第二凸起部152。第一凹陷部161与第二凸起部152位于弯曲块的同一轴线上。第一凹陷部161与第二凸起部152相对设置，则在弯曲块的轴向方向上，弯曲块的长度距离与不开设有凸起部及凹陷部的长度距离相近。因此，即使弯曲块开设有凸起部及凹陷部，也不会影响弯曲块自身的强度，保持弯曲部的整体强 度。
可以理解，在其他实施方式中，第一弯曲块的第一抵接面还可以设有多个第一凸起部，或者，第一弯曲块的第一抵接面可以设有一个第一凹陷部。相应地，第二弯曲块的第二抵接面对应设有多个第二凹陷部，或者，第二弯曲块的第二抵接面可以设有一个第二凸起部。此处对于第一凸起部及第一凹陷部、第二凸起部及第二凹陷部的个数不做限定，只要第一弯曲块的第一抵接面与第二弯曲块的第二抵接面能够保证顺利抵持限位即可。
第二弯曲块12的第二抵接面1422设有用于穿设牵引导丝的导向部，导向部朝向弯曲块内侧凹陷。则导向部可以为凹陷部的一具体实施方式，在其他实施方式中，凹陷部还可以为其他结构形式。
具体地，第二弯曲块12靠近第二抵接面1422的端部开设有缓冲缝164。缓冲缝164沿第二弯曲块12的周向延伸，缓冲缝164与第二抵接面1422之间朝向第二弯曲块142内侧凹陷形成避让空间。并且导向部形成有用于穿设牵引导丝30的过孔(图未示)。
则第二弯曲块12在沿其轴向方向上于导向部处形成一避让空间。并且导向部与凸起部15在弯曲部的延伸方向上相对设置，则当第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12咬合的时候，则第一弯曲块11上的凸起部15可以从该避让空间穿过，以避免凸起部15与第二弯曲块12形成干涉，影响弯曲部的咬合角度。
第一弯曲块11的凸起部15与第二弯曲块12的凹陷部16于弯曲部的延伸方向上相对设置。当第一抵接面141与第二抵接面142相互靠近时，凸起部15从凹陷部16的形成的避让空间穿过，以避免与第二弯曲块12干涉，则第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12之间能够以最大转动角度咬合。具体在本实施方式中，相邻两弯曲块相对转动的最大转动角度为50度。
并且，凸起部15于弯曲块的轴向上的长度小于凹陷部16于弯曲块的轴向上的长度。则当第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12相互咬合的过程中，凸起部15能够顺利穿过凹陷部16形成的避让空间，则避免凸起部15与凹陷部16相互干涉，影响两弯曲块的咬合角度。
并且，凸起部15距离连接部13的中心处的距离满足弯曲块的强度要求，以避免冲压形成凹陷部16的时候，冲压作用力对弯曲块的强度产生影响，甚至使弯曲块变形。
具体地，第一环形槽112的开口朝向第一弯曲块11的一端，第一环形槽112的底部距凸起部15的顶端端面的距离为0.5mm-1.5mm。第二环形槽122的开口朝向第二弯曲块12的一端，第二环形槽122的底部距第二弯曲块12的另一端端面的距离为0.5mm-1.5mm。由此，在凸起部15及导向部在冲压过程中，弯曲块均能满足其强度要求。
并且，凸起部15的顶端端面为弧形表面。凸起部15的顶端端面均为圆角化，一便于凸起部15进入凹陷部16形成的避让空间，并顺利穿出。
本实施方式的内窥镜的弯曲结构部可以应用于肠胃内窥镜及呼吸道内窥镜。
当上述内窥镜的弯曲部应用于肠胃内窥镜的时候，则第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12之间通过两个连接部可转动连接。并且，整个弯曲部的连接部分布于四个轴线方向上。则 该肠胃内窥镜可以在四个维度上进行弯曲。第一弯曲块11设有两个凸起部，第二弯曲块12设有两个凸起部，第一弯曲块11的凸起部与第二弯曲块12的凸起部沿弯曲部的四条相互平行的轴线分布。
当上述内窥镜的弯曲部应用于呼吸道内窥镜的时候，则第一弯曲块11与第二弯曲块12之间通过两个连接部可转动连接。并且，整个弯曲部的连接部分布于两个轴线方向上。则该呼吸道内窥镜可以在两个维度上进行弯曲。第一弯曲块11设有两个凸起部，多个第一弯曲块11的凸起部沿弯曲部的两条相互平行的轴线分布。
请参阅图5，其中，凸起部于弯曲部的轴线方向上的长度为第一长度H1，从凸起部的底部距连接部的中心处的距离为第二长度H2，连接部的中心处距缓冲缝164的距离为第三长度H3，缓冲缝164距第二抵接面的距离为第四长度H4。其中，第一长度H1小于第四长度H4。
请参阅图6，相邻两弯曲块相对于连接部正向转动的最大转动角度为第一角度，反向转动的最大转动角度为第二角度。可以理解，第一角度与第二角度可以相同，也可以不同。具体在本实施方式中，第一角度小于第二角度。凸起部可以保证相邻两弯曲块之间正向转动及反向转动以最大转动角度咬合，并且，上述弯曲结构部能够实现不同曲率半径的弯曲，更加灵活的匹配受检体形状，提高检查舒适性。
则弯曲部的正向弯曲角度为，A＝N*α，其中，A为弯曲部的正向弯曲角度，N为弯曲块的个数，α为相邻两弯曲块之间的正向转动的最大转动角度，即，α为第一角度。
则弯曲部的反向弯曲角度为，B＝N*β，其中，A为弯曲部的正向弯曲角度，N为弯曲块的个数，β为相邻两弯曲块之间的正向转动的最大转动角度，即，β为第二角度。弯曲部的正向弯曲角度A小于弯曲部的反向弯曲角度B。例如，弯曲部的正向弯曲角度A可以达到270度，弯曲部的反向弯曲角度B可以达到210度。
则弯曲部的正向曲率半径为：
Figure PCTCN2022111483-appb-000001
其中，H1为凸起部于弯曲部的轴线方向上的投影长度为第一长度，H2为从凸起部的底部距连接部的中心处的距离为第二长度，H3为连接部的中心处距缓冲缝164的距离为第三长度。N为弯曲块的个数，α为相邻两弯曲块之间的正向转动的最大转动角度。
则弯曲部的反向曲率半径为，
Figure PCTCN2022111483-appb-000002
其中，H1为凸起部于弯曲部的轴线方向上的投影长度为第一长度，H2为从凸起部的底部距连接部的中心处的距离为第二长度，H3为连接部的中心处距缓冲缝164的距离为第三长度。N为弯曲块的个数，β为相邻两弯曲块之间的反向转动的最大转动角度。
弯曲部的正向曲率半径小于弯曲部的反向曲率半径。例如，弯曲部的正向曲率半径为14mm，弯曲部的反向曲率半径为17mm。
在其他实施方式中，在弯曲部的轴向上，依次排列的多个弯曲块的第一角度及第二角 度依次增大。
具体在本实施方式中，依次排列的多个弯曲块的第一角度大小以第一等差数列增大，第一等差数列的公差为第一公差。
多个弯曲块的第二角度大小以第二等差数列增大。第二等差数列的公差为第二公差。可以理解，第一公差与第二公差可以相等也可以不等。
具体在本实施方式中，第一公差小于第二公差。即，a<b，其中，a为第一公差，b为第二公差。
则本实施方式的弯曲部的正向弯曲角度A为：
Figure PCTCN2022111483-appb-000003
其中，N为弯曲块的个数，A1为起始弯曲块的第一角度，a为第一公差。
弯曲部的正向曲率半径为：
Figure PCTCN2022111483-appb-000004
其中，H1为凸起部于弯曲部的轴线方向上的投影长度为第一长度，H2为从凸起部的底部距连接部的中心处的距离为第二长度，H3为连接部的中心处距缓冲缝164的距离为第三长度。N为弯曲块的个数，A1为起始弯曲块的第一角度，a为第一公差。
则该弯曲部的反向弯曲角度为：
Figure PCTCN2022111483-appb-000005
其中，N为弯曲块的个数，B1为起始弯曲块的第一角度，b为第二公差。
弯曲部的反向曲率半径为：
Figure PCTCN2022111483-appb-000006
其中，H1为凸起部于弯曲部的轴线方向上的投影长度为第一长度，H2为从凸起部的底部距连接部的中心处的距离为第二长度，H3为连接部的中心处距缓冲缝164的距离为第三长度。N为弯曲块的个数，B1为起始弯曲块的第一角度，b为第一公差。
因此，上述弯曲部在正向弯曲或反向弯曲的时候，具有不同大小的曲率。在弯曲部的起始位置处具有较大的曲率，则使弯曲部的头端能够发生较大角度的弯曲。弯曲部的末端位置处具有较小的曲率，则弯曲部的末端能够较好的传导控制力，保证弯曲部具有较好的控制力。因此，上述弯曲部能够更好地适用不同的医疗环境的使用需求，提高内窥镜的性能。
虽然已参照几个典型实施方式描述了本发明，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本发明能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施方式不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，包括弯曲部、包覆于所述弯曲部外侧的保护管及穿设于弯曲部内的牵引导丝，所述弯曲部包括多个相连接的弯曲块，相邻两个弯曲块之间通过连接部可转动连接，所述弯曲块的端面于所述连接部的两侧分别设有抵接面；
    其中，两相互抵持的抵接面中之一设有凸起部，所述凸起部沿所述弯曲块的轴向延伸，两相互抵持的抵接面中的另一设有凹陷部，所述凹陷部在所述弯曲块的轴向上提供一避让空间；
    当两所述弯曲块相互咬合的时候，所述凸起部转动经过所述避让空间，直至两所述抵接面相互抵持。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，所述抵接面呈凹面，所述凸起部设于所述抵接面的凹陷的最低处。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，所述凸起部于所述弯曲块的轴向上的长度小于所述凹陷部于所述弯曲块的轴向上的长度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，两相互抵持的抵接面中之一设有多个所述凸起部，两相互抵持的抵接面中的另一设有多个所述凹陷部。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，所述弯曲块的两端分别包括第一端面及第二端面，位于所述第一端面的抵接面为第一抵接面，位于所述第二端面的抵接面为第二抵接面；
    所述弯曲部包括多个第一弯曲块及多个第二弯曲块，所述第一弯曲块与所述第二弯曲块相互间隔设置，所述第一弯曲块的第一抵接面设有第一凸起部及第一凹陷部，所述第二弯曲块的第二抵接面对应设有第二凹陷部及第二凸起部，所述第一凹陷部为所述第二凸起部提供所述避让空间，所述第二凹陷部为所述第一凸起部提供所述避让空间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，所述第一凸起部的两侧分别设有所述第一凹陷部，所述第二凹陷部的两侧分别设有所述第二凸起部。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，所述弯曲块 的两端分别包括第一端面及第二端面，位于所述第一端面的抵接面为第一抵接面，位于所述第二端面的抵接面为第二抵接面；所述第一抵接面设有第一凹陷部，所述第二抵接面设有第二凸起部，所述第一凹陷部与所述第二凸起部位于所述弯曲块的同一轴线上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，所述弯曲块的端部开设有缓冲缝，所述缓冲缝沿所述弯曲块的周向延伸，所述缓冲缝与所述抵接面之间朝向所述弯曲块内侧凹陷形成所述凹陷部，并且所述凹陷部形成有用于穿设所述牵引导丝的过孔。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，相邻两所述弯曲块相对于所述连接部正向转动的最大转动角度为第一角度，相邻两所述弯曲块相对于所述连接部反向转动的最大转动角度为第二角度，所述第一角度小于所述第二角度。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，在所述弯曲部的轴向上，依次排列的多个所述弯曲块的第一角度及第二角度依次增大。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，依次排列的多个所述弯曲块的第一角度大小以第一等差数列增大，所述第一等差数列的公差为第一公差，多个所述弯曲块的第二角度大小以第二等差数列增大，所述第二等差数列的公差为第二公差。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的内窥镜的弯曲结构部，其特征在于，所述第一公差小于所述第二公差。
PCT/CN2022/111483 2021-08-11 2022-08-10 内窥镜的弯曲结构部 WO2023016494A1 (zh)

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