WO2023011632A1 - 用于治疗由于nd4突变造成的莱伯氏遗传性视神经病变的组合物和方法 - Google Patents

用于治疗由于nd4突变造成的莱伯氏遗传性视神经病变的组合物和方法 Download PDF

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WO2023011632A1
WO2023011632A1 PCT/CN2022/110545 CN2022110545W WO2023011632A1 WO 2023011632 A1 WO2023011632 A1 WO 2023011632A1 CN 2022110545 W CN2022110545 W CN 2022110545W WO 2023011632 A1 WO2023011632 A1 WO 2023011632A1
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sequence
seq
nucleic acid
recombinant nucleic
pharmaceutical composition
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Chinese (zh)
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李斌
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Wuhan Neurophth Biotechnology Ltd Co
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Wuhan Neurophth Biotechnology Ltd Co
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Priority to AU2022322957A priority Critical patent/AU2022322957A1/en
Priority to EP22852343.7A priority patent/EP4382601A4/en
Priority to KR1020247007322A priority patent/KR20240042489A/ko
Priority to MX2024001597A priority patent/MX2024001597A/es
Priority to US18/294,582 priority patent/US20240376164A1/en
Priority to JP2024506984A priority patent/JP2024529033A/ja
Priority to BR112024002305A priority patent/BR112024002305A2/pt
Priority to CA3228344A priority patent/CA3228344A1/en
Publication of WO2023011632A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023011632A1/zh
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    • C12N2750/14011—Parvoviridae
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    • C12N2800/00—Nucleic acids vectors
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    • C12N2830/00—Vector systems having a special element relevant for transcription
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    • C12N2830/00—Vector systems having a special element relevant for transcription
    • C12N2830/50—Vector systems having a special element relevant for transcription regulating RNA stability, not being an intron, e.g. poly A signal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a recombinant nucleic acid encoding mitochondrial protein and its related pharmaceutical composition, as well as its use in treating ophthalmic diseases (such as Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy).
  • ophthalmic diseases such as Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
  • LHON Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
  • RRCs retinal ganglion cells
  • LHON is transmitted only through the mother because it is primarily due to mutations in the mitochondrial (rather than the nucleus) genome, and only the egg contributes mitochondria to the embryo.
  • LHON is usually due to one of three pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) point mutations.
  • NADH dehydrogenase subunit-4 protein ND4
  • NADH dehydrogenase subunit-1 protein ND1
  • NADH dehydrogenase subunit-6 of complex I of the oxidative phosphorylation chain in mitochondria, respectively at nucleotide positions 11778 G to A (G11778A), 3460 G to A (G3460A), and 14484 T to C (T14484C) in the protein (ND6) subunit gene.
  • Each mutation is considered to carry a significant risk of permanent vision loss. It usually progresses without pain over weeks to months until the visual acuity in both eyes deteriorates below 0.1, which seriously affects the patient's quality of life.
  • a recombinant nucleic acid comprising (arranged in sequence from the 5' end to the 3' end) a mitochondrial targeting sequence and a mitochondrial protein coding sequence; optionally, the mitochondrial encoded protein encodes an ND4 protein; optionally, the The ND4 protein comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 160.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% of any sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 180 and 174-176 % or 100% identical sequences. In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 180. In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:180.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a Kozak sequence, which is placed before the 5' end of the mitochondrial targeting sequence; optionally, the Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171; optionally Preferably, there are no redundant nucleotides between the Kozak sequence and the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid includes an intron sequence; optionally, the intron sequence is placed before the 5' end of the mitochondrial targeting sequence; optionally, the intron The sequence is placed before the 5' end of the Kozak sequence; optionally, the intron sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:170, Sequences that are at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid includes a promoter sequence; optionally, the promoter sequence is placed within 5 of the mitochondrial targeting sequence, the Kozak sequence, and/or the intron sequence Before the ' end; optionally, the promoter sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 169 the same sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid includes a 3'UTR sequence; optionally, the 3'UTR sequence is placed behind the 3' end of the mitochondrial protein coding sequence; optionally, the 3'UTR
  • the sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid includes a polyA tail sequence; optionally, the polyA tail sequence is placed at the 3 of the mitochondrial protein coding sequence and/or the 3'UTR sequence After the ' end; optionally, the polyA tail sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 or 173 99% or 100% identical sequence; Optionally, the polyA tail sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 173 %, at least 99% or 100% identical sequences.
  • At least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95% of the spacer sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 185 is included between the 3'UTR sequence and the polyA tail sequence or 100% identical sequences.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 the sequence of.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:6 the sequence of.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid includes a first inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequence and a second ITR sequence.
  • the first ITR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 178 the sequence of.
  • the second ITR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 179 the sequence of.
  • This paper discloses a recombinant nucleic acid, comprising (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end): a mitochondrial targeting sequence, a mitochondrial protein coding sequence, a 3' UTR sequence, and a polyadenylic acid tail sequence; wherein, the polyadenylation
  • the nucleotide tail sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 173.
  • the 3'UTR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 the sequence of.
  • the expression level of the mRNA comprising the mitochondrial protein coding sequence produced by the transcription of the recombinant nucleic acid is higher than the expression level of the mRNA of the control recombinant nucleic acid lacking the polyA tail sequence; preferably, At least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90% higher than the mRNA expression of the control recombinant nucleic acid %, at least 100%, at least 150%, at least 200%, or at least 300%.
  • control recombinant nucleic acid is replaced by a sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 172 at the position of the polyA tail sequence; preferably, the expression level of mRNA produced by transcription of the recombinant nucleic acid is higher than the The expression of mRNA produced by the control recombinant nucleic acid is at least 10%, at least 15%, or at least 20% higher.
  • the expression level of the mitochondrial protein produced by translation of the recombinant nucleic acid is higher than the expression level of the mitochondrial protein in a control recombinant nucleic acid lacking the polyA tail sequence;
  • the expression level of said mitochondrial protein of said control recombinant nucleic acid is at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 100%, at least 150%, at least 200%, or at least 300%.
  • control recombinant nucleic acid is substituted by a sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 172 at the position of the polyA tail sequence; preferably, the expression of the mitochondrial protein produced by translation of the recombinant nucleic acid The amount is at least 10%, at least 15%, or at least 20% greater than the expression amount of the mitochondrial protein produced by the control recombinant nucleic acid.
  • the polyA tail sequence is no more than 122 base pairs, no more than 125 base pairs, no more than 130 base pairs, no more than 140 base pairs in length Yes, not more than 150 bp, not more than 160 bp, not more than 170 bp, not more than 180 bp, not more than 190 bp, or not more at 200 base pairs.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a Kozak sequence, which is placed before the 5' end of the mitochondrial targeting sequence; optionally, the Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171; optionally Preferably, there are no redundant nucleotides between the Kozak sequence and the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • At least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95% of the spacer sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 185 is included between the 3'UTR sequence and the polyA tail sequence or 100% identical sequences.
  • This paper discloses a recombinant nucleic acid, including (arranged in sequence from the 5' end to the 3' end): Kozak sequence, mitochondrial targeting sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, characterized in that: the Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171; the 3'UTR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 13 sequence; there is no redundant nucleotide between the Kozak sequence and the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a polyA tail sequence comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 or 173 %, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises an intron sequence; optionally, the intron sequence is placed before the 5' end of the Kozak sequence; optionally, the intron sequence comprises A sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 170.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a promoter sequence; optionally, the promoter sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 169 %, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences. In some embodiments, the promoter sequence is placed in front of the 5' end of the intron sequence.
  • This paper discloses a recombinant nucleic acid, including (arranged in sequence from the 5' end to the 3' end): a promoter sequence, an intron sequence, a Kozak sequence, a mitochondrial targeting sequence, and a mitochondrial protein coding sequence; the intron sequence consists a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 170; optionally, the sequence also includes 3'UTR sequence; optionally, said sequence also includes a polyA tail sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid further includes a first inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequence and a second ITR sequence.
  • ITR inverted terminal repeat
  • the first ITR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 178 the sequence of.
  • the second ITR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 179 the sequence of.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 the sequence of.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:6 the sequence of.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end): the first ITR sequence, promoter sequence, intron sequence, Kozak sequence, mitochondrial targeting sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, polyA tail sequence, second ITR sequence; preferably, said first ITR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:178 , at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence, said promoter sequence comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 169 , at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence, said intron sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:170 %, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence, the Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171, and the mitochondrial targeting
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end): the first ITR sequence, promoter sequence, intron sequence, Kozak sequence, mitochondrial targeting sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, a 3'UTR sequence, a polyA tail sequence, a second ITR sequence; preferably, said first ITR sequence comprises at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identity to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 178
  • the promoter sequence comprises a sequence at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 169
  • the intron sequence comprises a sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 170 At least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical to the sequence
  • the Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises at least 99%, at least 99.5% or the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 100% identical sequence
  • said mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence at least 99%, at least 99.5%
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end): the first ITR sequence, promoter sequence, intron sequence, Kozak sequence, mitochondrial targeting sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, polyadenylic acid tail sequence, the second ITR sequence; preferably, the first ITR sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:178, and the promoter sequence comprises SEQ ID NO:169
  • the intron sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:170
  • the Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO:171
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:6, the 3'UTR sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:13, and the polyadenylic acid tail sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:173
  • the sequence of said second ITR sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:179.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% of any sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 174-176, 180 % or 100% identical sequences. In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 180. In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO:180.
  • a viral vector comprising a recombinant nucleic acid described herein.
  • the viral vector is a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector.
  • the rAAV vector is an rAAV2 vector.
  • Disclosed herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a recombinant nucleic acid described herein.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a viral vector described herein.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector described herein.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a virus described herein.
  • the virus is an adeno-associated virus (AAV).
  • the virus comprises a recombinant nucleic acid described herein.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include phosphate buffered saline (PBS), ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate, L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate, polysorbate 20 , NaCl, NaH 2 PO 4 , Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , Poloxamer 188, or any combination thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from phosphate buffered saline (PBS), ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate, L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate, polysorbate Ester 20, NaCl, NaH2PO4 , Na2HPO4 , KH2PO4 , K2HPO4 , Poloxamer 188 , or any combination thereof .
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient includes poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.0001%-0.01% poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.001% poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient further comprises one or more salts.
  • the one or more salts include NaCl, Na2HPO4 , and KH2PO4 .
  • the pharmaceutical composition is characterized in that a) the NaCl concentration is 5-15 mg/mL; preferably, the NaCl concentration is 9 mg/mL; b) the KH 2 PO 4 The concentration is 0.1-0.5mg/mL; preferably, the concentration of KH 2 PO 4 is 0.144mg/mL; and/or c) the concentration of Na 2 HPO 4 is 0.5-1mg/mL; preferably, The concentration of Na 2 HPO 4 is 0.795 mg/mL.
  • the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is 7.2-7.4. In some embodiments, the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is 7.3.
  • the viral titer of the pharmaceutical composition is at least 1.0 ⁇ 10 10 vg/mL, at least 3.0 ⁇ 10 10 vg/mL, at least 6.0 ⁇ 10 10 vg/mL. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition has a viral titer of at least 9.0 ⁇ 10 10 vg/mL.
  • the pharmaceutical composition when the pharmaceutical composition is subjected to five freeze/thaw cycles, the pharmaceutical composition retains at least 60% of the virus compared to the titer of the virus before the five freeze/thaw cycles Titer.
  • Disclosed herein is a use of the pharmaceutical composition described herein in the preparation of a medicament for treating eye diseases.
  • Disclosed herein is a method of treating an ocular disease comprising administering to a patient an effective dose of a pharmaceutical composition according to herein.
  • the ocular disease is Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intraocular or intravitreal injection. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intravitreal injection. In some embodiments, 0.01-0.1 mL of the pharmaceutical composition is administered in each eye. In some embodiments, 0.045-0.055 mL of the pharmaceutical composition is administered in each eye. In some embodiments, a dose of at least 1.5 x 109 vg of adeno-associated virus is administered per eye; preferably, a dose of at least 3.0 x 109 vg of adeno-associated virus is administered. In some embodiments, a dose of at least 4.5 x 109 vg of adeno-associated virus is administered per eye.
  • the use or method comprises administering a corticosteroid to the patient.
  • the corticosteroid comprises prednisone or methylprednisone.
  • the corticosteroid is prednisone.
  • administration of the corticosteroid begins about 2 days prior to administration of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the corticosteroid is administered orally.
  • administration of the corticosteroid is continued for about 28 days after initiation of administration.
  • the steroid is administered daily after initiation of administration, and the dose administered is reduced after each administration for one week.
  • the corticosteroid is administered in an amount of 40 mg daily for one week at the start of administration, then 30 mg daily for one week, then 20 mg daily for one week, and then Daily administration of 10mg for a week.
  • the use or method comprises administering creatine phosphate to the patient.
  • the creatine phosphate sodium is administered intravenously.
  • administration of the pharmaceutical composition results in a higher average level of vision restoration compared to no administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant nucleic acid.
  • nucleic acids in another aspect, disclosed herein are recombinant nucleic acids, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating LHON.
  • a recombinant nucleic acid comprising: a mitochondrial targeting sequence; a mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprising a sequence at least 99% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 7, 8, 10 and 12 sex sequence; and 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence encodes a polypeptide comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the peptide sequence. In some cases, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:3.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7 or 8. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 111-125 sequence. In some cases, the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 14 sexual sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 17-20, 23-24, 27-28, 31-34, 37-38, 41-42, 45-48, 51-52, 55 - sequences of the group consisting of 56, 59-62, 65-66, 69-70, 73-76, 79-80 and 83-84 have at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence.
  • a recombinant nucleic acid comprising: a mitochondrial targeting sequence comprising a sequence at least 90% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 2, 3, 4 and 5; a mitochondrial protein coding sequence, wherein the mitochondrial protein coding sequence encodes a polypeptide comprising a mitochondrial protein; and a 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:3. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5.
  • the mitochondrial protein is selected from the group consisting of NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4), NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6), NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1 ), and variants thereof.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4) or a variant thereof.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises a peptide sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 160.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to a sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, 7, or 8 .
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6) or a variant thereof.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 161.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9 or 10.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) or a variant thereof. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 162. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or 12.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of hsACO2, hsATP5B, hsAK2, hsALDH2, hsCOX10, hsUQCRFS1, hsNDUFV1, hsNDUFV2, hsSOD2, hsCOX6c, hsIRP1, hsMRPS12, hsATP5J2, rnSOD2, and hsOXA1L.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 111-125 sequence. In some cases, the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 14 sexual sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 5' to the 3' UTR nucleic acid sequence. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 29-84.
  • a recombinant nucleic acid comprising: a mitochondrial targeting sequence; a mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprising at least 90% of a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:7, 8, 10 and 12 , a sequence of at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity; and a 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of hsCOX10, hsCOX8, scRPM2, lcSirt5, tbNDUS7, ncQCR2, hsATP5G2, hsLACTB, spilv1, gmCOX2, crATP6, hsOPA1, hsSDHD, hsADCK3 ⁇ osP0644B06.24-2 ⁇ (Neurospora crassa)ATP9(ncATP9) ⁇ hsGHITM ⁇ hsNDUFAB1 ⁇ hsATP5G3 ⁇ crATP6_hsADCK3 ⁇ ncATP9_ncATP9 ⁇ zmLOC100282174 ⁇ ncATP9_zmLOC100282174_spilv1_ncATP9 ⁇ zmLOC100282174_hsADCK3_crATP6_hsATP5G3 ⁇ zmLOC100282174_spil
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence encodes a polypeptide comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the peptide sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 3.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7 or 8. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of hsACO2, hsATP5B, hsAK2, hsALDH2, hsCOX10, hsUQCRFS1, hsNDUFV1, hsNDUFV2, hsSOD2, hsCOX6c, hsIRP1, hsMRPS12, hsATP5J2, rnSOD2, and hsOXA1L.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 111-125 sequence. In some cases, the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 14 sexual sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 5' to the 3' UTR nucleic acid sequence. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 17-20, 23-24, 27-28, 31-34, 37-38, 41-42, 45-48, 51-52, 55 - sequences of the group consisting of 56, 59-62, 65-66, 69-70, 73-76, 79-80 and 83-84 have at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence.
  • a recombinant nucleic acid comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% of a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 2, 3 and 4 Identity of the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:3.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid further comprises a mitochondrial protein coding sequence, wherein the mitochondrial protein coding sequence encodes a polypeptide comprising the mitochondrial protein.
  • the mitochondrial protein is selected from the group consisting of NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4), NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6), NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1 ), and variants thereof.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4) or a variant thereof.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises a peptide sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 160.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to a sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6, 7, or 8 .
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6) or a variant thereof.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 161.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9 or 10.
  • the mitochondrial protein comprises NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) or a variant thereof. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 162. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 or 12.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid further comprises a 3' UTR nucleic acid sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of hsACO2, hsATP5B, hsAK2, hsALDH2, hsCOX10, hsUQCRFS1, hsNDUFV1, hsNDUFV2, hsSOD2, hsCOX6c, hsIRP1, hsMRPS12, hsATP5J2, rnSOD2, and hsOXA1L.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 111-125 sequence. In some cases, the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 14 sexual sequence. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 5' to the 3' UTR nucleic acid sequence. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 29-70.
  • a recombinant nucleic acid comprising a mitochondrial protein coding sequence, wherein the mitochondrial protein coding sequence encodes a polypeptide comprising a mitochondrial protein, wherein the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 7,
  • the sequences of the group consisting of 8, 10 and 12 have sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identical.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid further comprises a mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of hsCOX10, hsCOX8, scRPM2, lcSirt5, tbNDUS7, ncQCR2, hsATP5G2, hsLACTB, spilv1, gmCOX2, crATP6, hsOPA1, hsSDHD, hsADCK3 ⁇ osP0644B06.24-2 ⁇ ATP9(ncATP9) ⁇ hsGHITM ⁇ hsNDUFAB1 ⁇ hsATP5G3 ⁇ crATP6_hsADCK3 ⁇ ncATP9_ncATP9 ⁇ zmLOC100282174 ⁇ ncATP9_zmLOC100282174_spilv1_ncATP9 ⁇ zmLOC100282174_hsADCK3_crATP6_hsATP5G
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence encodes a polypeptide comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to the peptide sequence. In some cases, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:3.
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:5.
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7 or 8. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10. In some cases, the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid further comprises a 3' UTR nucleic acid sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of hsACO2, hsATP5B, hsAK2, hsALDH2, hsCOX10, hsUQCRFS1, hsNDUFV1, hsNDUFV2, hsSOD2, hsCOX6c, hsIRP1, hsMRPS12, hsATP5J2, rnSOD2, and hsOXA1L.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 111-125 sequence. In some cases, the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 or SEQ ID NO: 14 sexual sequence. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 5' to the 3' UTR nucleic acid sequence. In some instances, the mitochondrial targeting sequence is located 3' to the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 17-20, 23-24, 27-28, 31-34, 37-38, 41-42, 45-48, 51-52, 55 - sequences of the group consisting of 56, 59-62, 65-66, 69-70, 73-76, 79-80 and 83-84 have at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence.
  • the viral vector comprises the recombinant nucleic acids disclosed herein.
  • the viral vector is an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector.
  • the AAV vector is selected from the group consisting of: AAV1 vector, AAV2 vector, AAV3 vector, AAV4 vector, AAV5 vector, AAV6 vector, AAV7 vector, AAV8 vector, AAV9 vector, AAV10 vector, AAV11 vector, AAV12 vector, AAV13 vector, AAV14 vector, AAV15 vector and AAV16 vector.
  • the AAV vector is a recombinant AAV (rAAV) vector.
  • the rAAV vector is an rAAV2 vector.
  • a method of treating an ocular disorder comprising administering to a patient in need thereof any of the pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein.
  • the ocular disorder is Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON).
  • the method comprises administering the pharmaceutical composition to one or both eyes of the patient.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered via intraocular injection or intravitreal injection.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered via intravitreal injection.
  • about 0.01-0.1 mL of the pharmaceutical composition is administered via intravitreal injection.
  • about 0.05 mL of the pharmaceutical composition is administered via intravitreal injection.
  • the method further comprises administering methylprednisolone to the patient.
  • methylprednisolone is administered prior to intravitreal injection of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • methylprednisolone is administered orally.
  • the methylprednisolone is administered daily for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, or 7 days prior to the intravitreal injection of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • methylprednisolone is administered daily.
  • a daily dose of methylprednisolone of about 32 mg/60 kg is administered.
  • the methylprednisolone is administered after the intravitreal injection of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the method further comprises administering creatine phosphate to the patient. In some instances, creatine phosphate sodium is administered intravenously. In some instances, methylprednisolone is administered intravenously or orally. In some instances, the method comprises intravenously administering methylprednisolone for at least one day, followed by oral administration of methylprednisolone for at least one week. In some instances, the method comprises intravenously administering methylprednisolone for about 3 days, followed by oral administration of methylprednisolone for at least about 6 weeks. In some instances, methylprednisolone is administered intravenously at a daily dose of about 80 mg/60 kg.
  • administration of the pharmaceutical composition results in a higher average recovery of vision than a comparable pharmaceutical composition without the recombinant nucleic acid. In some instances, administration of the pharmaceutical composition results in a higher average recovery of vision than a comparable pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant nucleic acid set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of treating an ocular disorder comprising administering to a patient in need thereof (a) a first pharmaceutical composition comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising a recombinant nucleic acid , the recombinant nucleic acid comprises: (i) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial targeting peptide; (ii) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein, the nucleic acid sequence comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:6-12 having A nucleic acid sequence of at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity; and (iii) a 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence; and (b) a second pharmaceutical composition comprising a steroid.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding the mitochondrial protein encodes a polypeptide comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97% of a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 160-162 , amino acid sequences that are at least 99% or 100% identical.
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding the mitochondrial targeting peptide encodes a polypeptide comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least Amino acid sequences of 99% or 100% identity.
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding the mitochondrial targeting peptide comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1-5 sexual nucleic acid sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identical nucleic acid sequence (nucleic sequence).
  • the present disclosure provides a method of treating an ocular disorder comprising administering to a patient in need thereof (a) a first pharmaceutical composition comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising a recombinant nucleic acid ,
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises: (i) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial targeting peptide, and the mitochondrial targeting peptide comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 95% of the sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:126-159, An amino acid sequence (amino sequence) of at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity; (ii) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein; and (iii) a 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence; and (b) a second drug comprising a steroid combination.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the mitochondrial protein is selected from the group consisting of NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4), NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6), NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1 ), and variants thereof.
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identity to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:6-12 nucleic acid sequence.
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein encodes a polypeptide comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% of a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 160-162 or amino acid sequences with 100% identity.
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding the mitochondrial targeting peptide comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1-5 sexual nucleic acid sequence.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequences.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of treating an ocular disorder comprising administering to a patient in need thereof (a) a first pharmaceutical composition comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising a recombinant nucleic acid,
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises: (i) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial targeting peptide, and the mitochondrial targeting peptide comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least An amino acid sequence of 97%, at least 99% or 100% identity;
  • a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:6-12 having at least 90%, A nucleic acid sequence of at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identity; and (iii) having at least 90%, at least 95% %, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence; and
  • a second pharmaceutical composition comprising an
  • the present disclosure provides a method of treating an ocular disorder comprising administering to a patient in need thereof (a) a first pharmaceutical composition comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising a recombinant nucleic acid , the recombinant nucleic acid comprises: (i) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial targeting peptide; and (ii) a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein; and (b) a second pharmaceutical composition comprising a steroid.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the mitochondrial protein is selected from the group consisting of NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4), NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6), NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1 ), and variants thereof.
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% or 100% identical nucleic acid sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 15-84. In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 15.
  • the first pharmaceutical composition is administered via intraocular injection or intravitreal injection. In some embodiments, about 0.01-0.1 mL of the first pharmaceutical composition is administered via intravitreal injection. In some embodiments, about 0.05 mL of the first pharmaceutical composition is administered via intravitreal injection. In some embodiments, the first pharmaceutical composition is administered to one or both eyes of the patient.
  • the steroid is selected from the group consisting of alclomethasone dipropionate, amcinonide, beclomethasone dipropionate, betamethasone, betamethasone benzoate, betamethasone dipropionate , betamethasone sodium phosphate, betamethasone sodium phosphate and sodium acetate, betamethasone valerate, clobetasol propionate, clocotorone pivalate, cortisol (hydrocortisone), cortisol acetate ( Hydrocortisone), Cortisol Butyrate (Hydrocortisone), Cortisol Cypionate (Hydrocortisone), Cortisol (Hydrocortisone) Sodium Phosphate, Cortisol (Hydrocortisone) Amber sodium cortisol valerate (hydrocortisone), cortisone acetate, desonide, deoxymethasone, dexamethasone, dexamethasone
  • the steroid is a glucocorticoid.
  • the glucocorticoid is methylprednisolone or prednisone.
  • methylprednisolone is formulated as a tablet or a liquid for intravenous administration.
  • the steroid is administered orally or intravenously.
  • the steroid is administered prior to administration of the first pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, the steroid is administered daily for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, or 7 days prior to administration of the first pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, the steroid is methylprednisolone and is administered at a daily dose of about 30 mg/60 kg to about 40 mg/60 kg or about 30 mg to about 40 mg. In some embodiments, the daily dose of methylprednisolone is about 32 mg/60 kg or 32 mg. In some embodiments, the steroid is prednisone and is administered at a daily dose of about 50 mg/60 kg to about 70 mg/60 kg. In some embodiments, the daily dose of prednisone is about 60 mg/60 kg.
  • the steroid is administered after administration of the first pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, the steroid is administered daily for at least 1 day, at least 2 days, at least 3 days, at least 4 days, at least 5 days, at least 6 days, at least 7 days after administration of the first pharmaceutical composition , at least 8 days, at least 9 days, at least 10 days, at least 1 week, at least 2 weeks, at least 3 weeks, at least 4 weeks, at least 5 weeks, at least 6 weeks, at least 7 weeks, at least 8 weeks, at least 9 weeks, at least 10 weeks, at least 11 weeks, at least 12 weeks, at least 13 weeks, at least 14 weeks, or at least 15 weeks.
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone and is administered at a daily dose of between about 70 mg/60 kg and 90 mg/60 kg or between about 70 mg and 90 mg. In some embodiments, the daily dose of methylprednisolone is about 80 mg/60 kg or 80 mg. In some embodiments, administering methylprednisolone continues for at least two days after administering said first pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, subsequent doses of methylprednisolone are administered daily for at least 7 weeks after administration of the first pharmaceutical composition, and wherein the dose of methylprednisolone is decreased weekly.
  • the steroid is prednisone and is administered at a daily dose of between about 50 mg/60 kg and 70 mg/60 kg or between about 50 mg and about 70 mg. In some embodiments, the daily dose of prednisone is about 60 mg/60 kg or about 60 mg. In some embodiments, prednisone is administered for at least seven days after administration of the first pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, wherein after seven days, prednisone is administered at a daily dose of between about 30 mg/60 kg and about 50 mg/60 kg, or between about 30 mg and 50 mg. In some embodiments, the daily dose of prednisone is about 40 mg/60 kg or 40 mg. In some embodiments, subsequent doses of prednisone are administered daily for at least 4 days, and wherein the dose of prednisone is reduced daily.
  • the steroid is administered before and after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound.
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone and is administered daily for at least seven days prior to administration of the first pharmaceutical compound and for at least 7 weeks after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound.
  • methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 32 mg/60 kg or 32 mg prior to administration of the first pharmaceutical compound.
  • methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 80 mg/60 kg or 80 mg for at least 2 days after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound.
  • methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 40 mg/60 kg or 40 mg for at least 4 days beginning three days after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound.
  • methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 32 mg/60 kg or 32 mg starting one week after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound for at least one week. In some embodiments, methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 24 mg/60 kg or 24 mg starting two weeks after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound for at least one week. In some embodiments, methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 16 mg/60 kg or 16 mg starting three weeks after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound for at least one week. In some embodiments, methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 8 mg/60 kg or 8 mg starting four weeks after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound for at least one week.
  • methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 6 mg/60 kg or 6 mg starting five weeks after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound for at least one week. In some embodiments, methylprednisolone is administered at a daily dose of about 4 mg/60 kg or 4 mg starting six weeks after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound for at least one week.
  • the steroid is prednisone and is administered daily for at least two days prior to administration of the first pharmaceutical compound and for at least eleven days after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound .
  • prednisone is administered at a daily dose of about 60 mg/60 kg or 60 mg prior to administration of the first pharmaceutical compound.
  • prednisone is administered at a daily dose of about 60 mg/60 kg or 60 mg for at least seven days following administration of the first pharmaceutical compound.
  • eight days after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound prednisone is administered at a daily dose of about 40 mg/60 kg or 40 mg for at least one day.
  • prednisone is administered at a daily dose of about 20 mg/60 kg or 20 mg for at least one day. In some embodiments, ten days after administration of the first pharmaceutical compound, prednisone is administered at a daily dose of about 10 mg/60 kg or 10 mg for at least one day.
  • the method further comprises administering creatine phosphate to the patient.
  • creatine sodium phosphate is administered intravenously before and/or after administration of said first pharmaceutical composition.
  • administration of the first pharmaceutical composition and the second pharmaceutical composition results in a higher mean recovery of vision than a comparable pharmaceutical composition administered in the absence of the second pharmaceutical composition.
  • administration of the first pharmaceutical composition and the second pharmaceutical composition results in a lower incidence of adverse events than a comparable pharmaceutical composition administered without the second pharmaceutical composition.
  • the adverse event is selected from the group consisting of anterior chamber inflammation, vitreitis, ocular hypertension, cataract extraction, keratitis, vitreous hemorrhage, allergic conjunctivitis, and eye pain.
  • said higher mean recovery of vision and said lower incidence of adverse events are determined in a population of patients with said ocular disorder.
  • the patient population is ethnically matched.
  • the patient population is Chinese or Argentinian.
  • the ocular disorder is Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).
  • the AAV is selected from AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AA8, AAV9, and AAV10.
  • the AAV is AAV2.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of screening a patient for treatment of an ocular disorder, the method comprising: (a) obtaining a serum sample from the patient; (b) combining a target cell population with culturing together a composition comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising a recombinant nucleic acid encoding a detectable marker; and (c) detecting expression of said detectable marker in said target cell population following said culturing level, wherein the patient is selected for the treatment if the expression level of the detectable marker in the target cell population is above a predetermined threshold.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the present disclosure provides a method of screening a patient for treatment of an ocular disorder comprising: (a) combining a target cell population with an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-containing and (b) detecting the expression level of the detectable marker in the target cell population after the culturing, wherein if the target cell population If the expression level of the detectable marker is above a predetermined threshold, the patient is selected for the treatment.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the present disclosure provides methods of treating an ocular disorder in a patient in need thereof, comprising: (a) obtaining a serum sample from the patient; (b) combining a target cell population with culturing together a composition comprising a first adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising a first recombinant nucleic acid encoding a detectable marker; (c) detecting expression of said detectable marker in said target cell population and (d) administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising a second AAV comprising a second recombinant nucleic acid, wherein the expression level of the detectable marker in the target cell population is above a predetermined threshold .
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the present disclosure provides a method of treating an ocular disorder in a patient in need thereof, comprising: (a) combining a target cell population with a first adeno-associated virus (AAV) containing virus in the presence of a serum sample from the patient; A composition comprising a first adeno-associated virus comprising a first recombinant nucleic acid encoding a detectable marker; (b) detecting the expression level of the detectable marker in the target cell population; The patient is administered a pharmaceutical composition comprising a second AAV comprising a second recombinant nucleic acid, wherein the expression level of the detectable marker in the target cell population is above a predetermined threshold.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the detectable label is a fluorescent protein.
  • the fluorescent protein is green fluorescent protein (GFP).
  • the detectable marker is detected by flow cytometry or qPCR.
  • the culturing step is at least 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days or longer.
  • the predetermined threshold is about 40% of cells expressing the detectable marker when detected by flow cytometry. In some embodiments, said predetermined threshold is a relative expression level of said detectable marker of about 0.6 when detected by qPCR. In some embodiments, the target cells are HEK-293T cells.
  • the therapy is a recombinant AAV comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein.
  • the mitochondrial protein is selected from the group consisting of NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4), NADH dehydrogenase 6 (ND6), NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1 ), and variants thereof.
  • the patient comprises a mutation selected from G11778A in the ND4 gene, G3460A in the ND1 gene, and T14484C in the ND6 gene.
  • the present disclosure provides a kit comprising: an adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising a recombinant nucleic acid encoding a detectable marker, a target cell population, and one or more markers for detecting the detectable marker. Labeled reagents.
  • the kit further comprises a transfection reagent for transfecting the target cell population with the AAV.
  • the kit further comprises a second AAV comprising a recombinant nucleic acid encoding a mitochondrial protein.
  • one or more reagents for detecting a detectable label are selected from antibodies that bind to said detectable label and one or more reagents specific for said recombinant nucleic acid encoding said detectable label.
  • sexual primer oligonucleotides are selected from antibodies that bind to said detectable label and one or more reagents specific for said recombinant nucleic acid encoding said detectable label.
  • Figure 1 shows the vector map of pAAV-CMV-ND4-3'Flag-COX10UTR-SV40.
  • Fig. 2 shows the vector map of pAAV-CMV-ND4-3'Flag-COX10UTR-bGH.
  • Figure 3 shows the vector map of pAAV-CMV-ND4-3'Flag-COX10UTR.
  • Figure 4 shows the expression efficiency of plasmids-mRNA in HEK293 cells.
  • Figure 5 shows the results of the formulation stability experiment at 2-8°C.
  • Figure 6 shows the results of the formulation stability freeze-thaw experiment.
  • Figure 7 shows the design of the ND4 expression module.
  • Figure 8 shows a first exemplary steroid dosing regimen.
  • Figure 9 shows a second exemplary steroid dosing regimen.
  • the term "about” and its grammatical equivalents in relation to a referenced value, as well as its grammatical equivalents as used herein, may include a range of values plus or minus 10% of that value, such as the range of values plus or minus 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2% or 1% of this value.
  • the amount “about 10” includes amounts from 9 to 11.
  • subject refers to a mammal that has been or will be the subject of treatment, observation or experimentation.
  • mammal is intended to have its standard meaning and encompasses, for example, humans, dogs, cats, sheep and cows. The methods described herein are useful in human therapy and veterinary applications. In some embodiments, the subject is a human.
  • treatment encompasses the administration of at least one compound disclosed herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to a mammalian subject, particularly a human subject, in need of such administration, and includes (i) arresting a disease such as cancer Prophylactic treatment for the development of clinical symptoms of a disease such as cancer, (ii) regression of clinical symptoms of a disease such as cancer, and/or (iii) preventing the onset of a disease such as cancer.
  • terapéuticaally effective amount of a chemical entity described herein refers to an amount effective to provide a therapeutic benefit, such as amelioration of symptoms, slowing of disease progression, or prevention of disease, when administered to a human or non-human subject.
  • nucleic acid and “polynucleotide” are used interchangeably unless otherwise indicated.
  • a drug dose of X mg/60 kg refers to the use of X mg of drug per 60 kg of patient body weight.
  • a drug dose of 100 mg/60 kg means that a patient weighing 60 kg is asked to take 100 mg of the drug, and correspondingly another patient weighing 30 kg is asked to take 50 mg of the drug.
  • operably linked means a functional linkage between two or more sequences.
  • an operable linkage between a polynucleotide of interest and a regulatory sequence is a functional linkage that allows expression of the polynucleotide of interest.
  • operably linked refers to the positioning of the regulatory region and the coding sequence to be transcribed such that the regulatory region is effective to regulate the transcription or translation of the coding sequence of interest.
  • operably linked refers to a configuration in which a regulatory sequence is placed at an appropriate position relative to a sequence encoding a polypeptide or a functional RNA such that the control sequence directs or regulates the expression of the encoded polypeptide.
  • a promoter is operably linked to a nucleic acid sequence if it can mediate the transcription of the nucleic acid sequence.
  • Operably linked elements may be contiguous or discontiguous.
  • a recombinant nucleic acid comprising one or more sequences selected from the following sequences: a first ITR sequence, a promoter sequence, an intron sequence, a Kozak sequence, a mitochondrial targeting sequence, a mitochondrial protein coding sequence, a 3'UTR sequence, a polyA tail sequence, and a second ITR sequence.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises all of these sequences.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid comprises (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end): the first ITR sequence, promoter sequence, intron sequence, Kozak sequence, mitochondrial targeting sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, polyA tail sequence, second ITR sequence.
  • the various sequences described are operably linked to each other.
  • each of said regulatory sequences is operably linked to a mitochondrial protein coding sequence.
  • Table 1 is the nucleic acid and polypeptide sequences disclosed herein.
  • the first column shows the SEQ ID NO for each sequence.
  • the second column describes the nucleic acid or polypeptide construct.
  • the construct COX10-ND4-3'UTR (SEQ ID NO:15) is a nucleic acid that binds COX10 (SEQ ID NO:1), ND4 (SEQ ID NO:6) and 3'UTR (SEQ ID NO:13) sequence of nucleic acids.
  • AAV Adeno-associated virus
  • Adeno-associated viruses are small viruses that infect humans and some other primate species.
  • the compositions disclosed herein first comprise an adeno-associated virus (AAV) genome or a derivative thereof.
  • the AAV genome is the polynucleotide sequence encoding the functions required for the production of AAV virions. These functions include the function of AAV to operate in the replication and packaging cycle in the host cell, including the encapsidation of the AAV genome into the AAV virion.
  • Naturally occurring AAV viruses are replication-defective and rely on helper functions in trans to complete the replication and packaging cycle.
  • the AAV genome of the vectors of the invention is generally replication-defective.
  • the AAV genome can be in either sense or negative sense single-stranded form, or in double-stranded form.
  • the use of the double-stranded form allows to bypass the step of DNA replication in target cells, which can accelerate transgene expression.
  • the AAV genome may be from any natural source of serotype or isolate or clade of AAV.
  • the AAV genome can be the entire genome of a naturally occurring AAV virus.
  • AAV viruses occurring in nature can be classified according to various biological systems.
  • AAV viruses are referred to according to their serotype.
  • a serotype corresponds to a variant subspecies of AAV that has a unique reactivity due to the expression profile of its capsid surface antigens, which can be used to distinguish it from other variant subspecies.
  • viruses with a particular AAV serotype do not efficiently cross-react with neutralizing antibodies specific for any other AAV serotype.
  • AAV serotypes include AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, AAV12, AAV13, AAV14, AAV15, and AAV16, as well as recently identified recombinant serotypes from primate brains , such as Rec2 and Rec3.
  • a preferred AAV serotype for use in the present invention is AAV2.
  • Other serotypes of particular interest for use in the present invention include AAV4, AAV5, and AAV8, which efficiently transduce tissues in the eye, such as retinal pigment epithelial cells.
  • the serotype of AAV used may be an AAV serotype other than AAV4.
  • a review of AAV serotypes can be found in Choi et al. (Curr Gene Ther. 2005; 5(3); 299-310) and Wu et al. (Molecular Therapy. 2006; 14(3), 316-327).
  • sequence of the AAV genome or the elements of the AAV genome (including ITR sequence, rep or cap gene) used in the present invention can be derived from the following accession numbers of the entire genome sequence of AAV: adeno-associated virus 1 NC_002077, AF063497; adeno-associated virus 2 NC_001401; Adeno-associated virus 3 NC_001729; Adeno-associated virus 3B NC_001863; Adeno-associated virus 4 NC_001829; Adeno-associated virus 5 Y18065, AF085716; NC_006263, AY629583; Bovine AAV NC_005889, AY388617.
  • references to AAV viruses may also be in terms of clades or clones. This refers to the phylogenetic relationship of AAV viruses of natural origin, and generally refers to the phylogenetic group of AAV viruses that can be traced back to a common ancestor and includes all their descendants.
  • reference to an AAV virus may be in reference to a particular isolate, ie, a genetic isolate of a particular AAV virus found in nature.
  • genetic isolate describes a population of AAV viruses that has undergone limited genetic mixing with other naturally occurring AAV viruses, thereby defining identifiable distinct populations at the genetic level.
  • Examples of clades and isolates of AAV that can be used in the present invention include: Clade A: AAV1 NC_002077, AF063497, AAV6 NC_001862, Hu.48 AY530611, Hu 43 AY530606, Hu 44 AY530607, Hu 46 AY530609; Clade B: Hu .19 AY530584 ⁇ Hu.20 AY530586 ⁇ Hu 23 AY530589 ⁇ Hu22 AY530588 ⁇ Hu24 AY530590 ⁇ Hu21 AY530587 ⁇ Hu27 AY530592 ⁇ Hu28 AY530593 ⁇ Hu 29 AY530594 ⁇ Hu63 AY530624 ⁇ Hu64 AY530625 ⁇ Hu13 AY530578 ⁇ Hu56 AY530618 ⁇ Hu57 AY530619 ⁇ Hu49 AY530612 ⁇ Hu58 AY530620 ⁇ Hu34 AY530598 ⁇ Hu35 AY530599 ⁇ AAV2 NC_001401 ⁇ Hu45 AY530608 ⁇ Hu47 AY530610 ⁇ Hu51
  • AAV5 capsids have been shown to efficiently transduce primate cone photoreceptors, as demonstrated by successful correction of inherited color vision deficits (Mancuso et al., Nature 2009, 461:784-7).
  • the invention also encompasses the use of AAV genomes from other serotypes that may not have been identified or characterized.
  • the AAV serotype determines the tissue specificity (or tropism) of AAV virus infection. Therefore, preferred AAV serotypes for AAV virus administered to patients according to the present invention are those with natural tropism or high infection efficiency in LHON for target cells in the eye.
  • the AAV serotype of the AAV virus used for administration to the patient may be the serotype that infects the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium.
  • the AAV genome of a naturally derived serotype or isolate or clade of AAV comprises at least one inverted terminal repeat (ITR).
  • ITR sequences act in cis to provide a functional origin of replication and allow integration and excision of the vector from the cell's genome.
  • ITR sequences can be derived from any of the AAV serotypes, such as AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, AAV12, AAV13, AAV14, AAV15, and AAV16, and more recently Recombinant serotypes identified from primate brains such as Rec2 and Rec3, non-primate AAV, avian AAV, bovine AAV, canine AAV, horse (equine) AAV, ovine (ovine) AAV, etc.
  • Preferred ITR sequences are those of AAV2 and variants thereof.
  • one or more ITR sequences flank a polynucleotide sequence encoding ND4 or a variant thereof.
  • AAV genomes typically also contain packaging genes encoding the packaging function of the AAV virion, such as the rep and/or cap genes.
  • the rep gene encodes one or more of the proteins Rep78, Rep68, Rep52, and Rep40, or variants thereof.
  • the cap gene encodes one or more capsid proteins such as VP1, VP2 and VP3 or variants thereof. These proteins make up the capsid of the AAV virion. Capsid variants are discussed below.
  • a promoter will be operably linked to each of the packaged genes.
  • specific examples of such promoters include the p5, p19 and p40 promoters (Laughlin et al., 1979, PNAS, 76:5567-5571).
  • the p5 and p19 promoters are commonly used to express the rep gene
  • the p40 promoter is commonly used to express the cap gene.
  • the AAV genome used in the vectors of the invention may thus be the entire genome of a naturally occurring AAV virus.
  • a vector containing the entire AAV genome can be used to produce AAV virus in vitro.
  • the AAV genome will be derivatized for the purpose of administration to a patient.
  • Such derivatization is standard in the art, and the present invention encompasses the use of any known derivative of the AAV genome as well as derivatives that can be produced by applying techniques known in the art.
  • the derivatization of the AAV genome and AAV capsid is reviewed by Coura and Nardi (Virology Journal, 2007, 4:99) and by Choi et al. and Wu et al. in the references cited above.
  • Derivatives of the AAV genome include any truncated or modified form of the AAV genome that allows in vivo expression of the ND4 transgene from the vectors of the invention.
  • a derivative will comprise at least one inverted terminal repeat (ITR), preferably more than one ITR, such as two or more ITRs.
  • ITRs may be derived from an AAV genome with a different serotype, or may be a chimeric or mutant ITR.
  • a preferred mutant ITR is a mutant ITR with a deletion of trs (terminal resolution site). This deletion allows continued replication of the genome to generate a single-stranded genome containing both coding and complementary sequences, a self-complementary AAV genome. This allows DNA replication to be bypassed in target cells, enabling accelerated transgene expression.
  • the one or more ITRs will preferably be flanked at either end by a polynucleotide sequence encoding ND4, ND6, ND1 or variants thereof.
  • One or more ITRs are preferably included to assist the vectors of the invention to form concatemers in the nucleus of the host cell, for example after conversion of single-stranded vector DNA to double-stranded DNA by the action of host cell DNA polymerase. The formation of such episomes protects the vector construct during the life of the host cell, thereby prolonging the expression of the transgene in vivo.
  • the ITR element will be the only sequence of the original AAV genome retained in the derivative.
  • the derivative will preferably not include the rep and/or cap genes of the original genome nor any other sequences of the original genome. This is preferred for the reasons described above, but also to reduce the likelihood of integration of the vector into the host cell genome.
  • reducing the size of the AAV genome allows for increased flexibility in incorporating other sequence elements (eg, regulatory elements) within the vector in addition to the transgene.
  • derivatives of the present invention may additionally include one or more rep and/or cap genes or other viral sequences of the AAV genome.
  • Naturally occurring AAV viruses integrate at high frequencies at specific sites on human chromosome 19 and exhibit negligible random integration frequencies, making retention of integration capacity in vectors tolerable in therapeutic settings.
  • the derivative may be a chimeric, shuffled or capsid-modified derivative of one or more naturally occurring AAV viruses.
  • the present invention encompasses the provision of capsid protein sequences from different serotypes, clades, clones or isolates of AAV within the same vector, ie pseudotyping.
  • chimeric, shuffled or capsid-modified derivatives will be selected to provide one or more desired functions to the viral vector. Accordingly, these derivatives may exhibit increased gene delivery efficiency, reduced immunogenicity (humoral or cellular), altered tropism range, and/or specific cell types compared to AAV viral vectors comprising a naturally occurring AAV genome, such as the AAV2 genome targeted improvement. Increased efficiency of gene delivery can be achieved through improved receptor or co-receptor binding at the cell surface, improved internalization, improved transport within the cell and into the nucleus, improved uncoating of viral particles, and improved single-stranded genome Conversion to double-stranded form. Increased efficiency may also be related to altered tropism range or targeting of specific cell populations so that the vector dose is not diluted by administration to tissues that do not require it.
  • Chimeric capsid proteins include those produced by recombination between two or more capsid coding sequences of naturally occurring AAV serotypes. This can be done, for example, by a marker rescue approach, where non-infectious capsid sequences from one serotype are co-transfected with capsid sequences from a different serotype, and directed selection is used to select for capsid sequences with the desired properties.
  • the capsid sequences of different serotypes can be altered by intracellular homologous recombination to generate novel chimeric capsid proteins.
  • Chimeric capsid proteins also include transferring specific capsid proteins between two or more capsid proteins (eg, between two or more capsid proteins of different serotypes) by engineering the capsid protein sequence. those generated from capsid protein domains, surface loops, or specific amino acid residues.
  • Hybrid AAV capsid genes can be generated by random fragmentation of sequences of related AAV genes (eg, sequences encoding capsid proteins of multiple different serotypes), followed by subsequent reassembly of the fragments in a self-initiating polymerase reaction , which may also lead to crossovers in regions of sequence homology. Libraries of hybrid AAV genes generated by shuffling the capsid genes of several serotypes in this manner can be screened to identify viral clones with the desired function. Similarly, error-prone PCR can be used to randomly mutate AAV capsid genes to generate diverse libraries of variants, which can then be selected for desired properties.
  • capsid gene can also be genetically modified to introduce specific deletions, substitutions or insertions relative to the native wild-type sequence.
  • capsid genes may be modified by insertion of unrelated protein or peptide sequences within the open reading frame of the capsid coding sequence or at the N- and/or C-termini of the capsid coding sequence.
  • An unrelated protein or peptide may advantageously be one that acts as a ligand for a particular cell type, thereby improving binding to target cells, or increasing the specificity of the vector targeting a particular cell population.
  • An example may include the use of RGD peptides to prevent uptake in retinal pigment epithelial cells, thereby enhancing transduction of surrounding retinal tissue (Cronin et al., 2008 ARVO Abstracts: D1048).
  • An irrelevant protein may also be a protein, ie an epitope or an affinity tag, that facilitates the purification of viral particles as part of the production process.
  • the site of insertion is usually chosen so as not to interfere with other functions of the virus particle, such as internalization, transport of the virus particle. The skilled artisan can identify suitable insertion sites based on their general knowledge. Choi et al. disclose specific sites in the reference cited above.
  • the present invention additionally encompasses providing the sequences of the AAV genome in a different order and configuration than the native AAV genome.
  • the invention also encompasses the replacement of one or more AAV sequences or genes with sequences from another virus or with chimeric genes consisting of sequences from more than one virus.
  • Such chimeric genes may consist of sequences from two or more related viral proteins from different viral species.
  • the vector of the invention takes the form of a polynucleotide sequence comprising the AAV genome or a derivative thereof and sequences encoding ND4, ND6, ND1 or variants thereof.
  • the invention also provides AAV virus particles comprising a vector of the invention.
  • the AAV particles of the present invention include trans-encapsidation forms, wherein the AAV genome or derivative having an ITR of one serotype is packaged in a capsid of a different serotype.
  • the AAV particles of the invention also include mosaic forms in which a mixture of unmodified capsid proteins from two or more different serotypes makes up the viral envelope.
  • AAV particles also include chemically modified forms with ligands adsorbed to the capsid surface. For example, such ligands may include antibodies for targeting specific cell surface receptors.
  • the invention additionally provides host cells comprising a vector or AAV virion of the invention.
  • polynucleotides comprising polypeptides encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit-4 (ND4), NADH dehydrogenase subunit-1 (ND1), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit-6 (ND6) polypeptides or variants thereof sequence of recombinant nucleic acid sequences.
  • the polynucleotide sequence of ND4 is shown in SEQ ID NO:6, and encodes the protein shown in SEQ ID NO:160.
  • the further nucleic acid sequence of ND4 is SEQ ID NO:7 and 8.
  • Variants of SEQ ID NO: 160 may include truncations, mutants or homologues thereof, and any transcriptional variant thereof encoding a functional ND4 polypeptide. Any of the homologues mentioned herein will generally be at least 70% identical to the relevant region of ND4, and may functionally compensate for polypeptide deficiencies.
  • Homology/identity can be measured using known methods.
  • the UWGCG software package provides the BESTFIT program which can be used to calculate homology (eg used with its default settings) (Devereux et al. (1984) Nucleic Acids Research 12, 387-395).
  • PILEUP and BLAST algorithms can be used to calculate homology or align sequences (usually with their default settings), e.g. Altschul S.F. (1993) J Mol Evol 36:290-300; Altschul, S, F et al. (1990) J Mol Biol 215:403-10.
  • Software for performing BLAST analyzes is publicly available through the National Center for Biotechnology Information (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/).
  • the recombinant nucleic acid sequence may encode a polypeptide having at least 20 (preferably at least 30, for example at least 40, 60, 100, 200, 300, 400 or more consecutive amino acids) or even at least 55%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% of the region related to the ND4 protein (SEQ ID NO: 160) on the entire sequence of the recombinant nucleic acid And more preferably at least 95%, 97%, 99%, 99.5% or 100% are identical.
  • the relevant region will be the region that provides the functional activity of ND4.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid sequence can encode a polypeptide that is at least 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% and more identical to full-length ND4 (SEQ ID NO: 160) in its entire sequence Preferably at least 95%, 97%, 99%, 99.5% or 100% are identical.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid sequence differs from the relevant region of ND4 (SEQ ID NO: 160) by at least or less than 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 50 or 60 mutations (each of which may be a substitution, insertion or deletion).
  • the recombinant nucleic acid ND4 polypeptide may have a certain percent identity to a specific region of SEQ ID NO: 160, which is the same as any particular percent identity value across any length of the above sequence (i.e. it may have at least 70%, 80% or 90%). % and more preferably at least 95%, 97%, 99% identity).
  • Variants of ND4 also include truncations. Any truncation can be used as long as the variant remains functional. Typically truncations will be made to remove sequences that are not essential for protein activity and/or do not affect the conformation of the folded protein, particularly the folding of the active site. Appropriate truncations can routinely be identified by systematic truncation of sequences of varying lengths from the N- or C-terminus. Preferred truncations are N-terminal and remove all other sequences except the catalytic domain.
  • Variants of ND4 further comprise one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5 to 10, 10 to 20) relative to specific regions of ND4 (SEQ ID NO: 160) , 20 to 40 or more amino acid insertions, substitutions or deletions).
  • Deletions and insertions are preferably made outside the catalytic domain as described below. Substitutions are also typically made in regions that are not essential for protease activity and/or do not affect the conformation of the folded protein.
  • Substitutions preferably introduce one or more conservative changes that replace an amino acid with another amino acid of similar chemical structure, chemical properties, or side chain bulk.
  • the introduced amino acids may have a similar polarity, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, basicity, acidity, neutrality, or charge to the amino acids they replace.
  • a conservative change can introduce another aromatic or aliphatic amino acid in place of a pre-existing aromatic or aliphatic amino acid.
  • Conservative amino acid changes are well known in the art and may be chosen based on the nature of the amino acid.
  • ND4 polynucleotide sequence include at least 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, and more Polynucleotides that are at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 99.5% identical are preferred. Preferably the variant exhibits these levels of identity to full-length ND4 (SEQ ID NO: 6) over its entire sequence.
  • Mitochondrial targeting sequences and 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR) can be used to target proteins or mRNAs to mitochondria.
  • the charge, length and structure of MTS are important for importing proteins into mitochondria.
  • Specific 3'UTRs may drive mRNA localization to the mitochondrial surface, thereby facilitating the entry of co-translated proteins into mitochondria.
  • the polynucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial targeting sequence may encode a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of hsCOX10, hsCOX8, scRPM2, lcSirt5, tbNDUS7, ncQCR2, hsATP5G2, hsLACTB, spilv1, gmCOX2, crATP6, hsOPA1, hsSDHD, hsADCK3, osP0644B06.24-2 ⁇ ATP9(ncATP9) ⁇ hsGHITM ⁇ hsNDUFAB1 ⁇ hsATP5G3 ⁇ crATP6_hsADCK3 ⁇ ncATP9_ncATP9 ⁇ zmLOC100282174 ⁇ ncATP9_zmLOC100282174_spilv1_ncATP9 ⁇ zmLOC100282174_hsADCK3_crATP6_hsATP5G3 ⁇ zmLOC100282174_hsADCK3_crATP
  • the polynucleotide sequence COX10 (SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3) can encode the mitochondrial targeting sequence MTS-COX10 (SEQ ID NO: 126).
  • the polynucleotide sequence COX8 (SEQ ID NO:4) can encode the mitochondrial targeting sequence MTS-COX8 (SEQ ID NO:127).
  • the polynucleotide sequence OPA1 (SEQ ID NO:5) can encode the mitochondrial targeting sequence MTS-OPA1 (SEQ ID NO:128).
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence can be selected from the group consisting of hsACO2 (SEQ ID NO:111), hsATP5B (SEQ ID NO:112), hsAK2 (SEQ ID NO:113), hsALDH2 (SEQ ID NO:114), hsCOX10 (SEQ ID NO: 115), hsUQCRFS1 (SEQ ID NO: 116), hsNDUFV1 (SEQ ID NO: 117), hsNDUFV2 (SEQ ID NO: 118), hsSOD2 (SEQ ID NO: 119), hsCOX6c (SEQ ID NO: 120), hsIRP1 ( SEQ ID NO:121), hsMRPS12 (SEQ ID NO:122), hsATP5J2 (SEQ ID NO:123), rnSOD2 (SEQ ID NO:124) and hsOXA1L (SEQ ID NO:125).
  • hsACO2 SEQ ID
  • the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequence can also be at least 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% and more preferably at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% identical to any of the 3'UTR nucleic acid sequences listed here. , 99%, 99.5% or 100% identical variants.
  • the 3' UTR nucleic acid sequence can be SEQ ID NO: 13 or 14.
  • recombinant nucleic acid sequences comprising mitochondrial targeting sequences, mitochondrial protein coding sequences, and 3' UTR nucleic acid sequences.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid sequence can be selected from SEQ ID NO: 15-84.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid sequence can also be at least 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, and more preferably at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5% or 100% identical variants.
  • a vector typically comprises a promoter sequence operably linked to the polynucleotide sequence encoding the transgene or a variant thereof.
  • the promoter sequence may be constitutively active, ie, operable in any host cell context, or may be active only in a specific host cell environment, allowing targeted expression of the transgene in a specific cell type.
  • a promoter may exhibit inducible expression in response to another factor, such as a factor present in the host cell. In any event, where the vector is administered for therapy, the promoter must be functional in the context of retinal cells.
  • the promoter exhibit retinal cell-specific expression.
  • expression from a promoter may be retinal cell specific, for example restricted only to cells of the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium.
  • Preferred promoters for the ND4 transgene include the chicken beta-actin (CBA) promoter optionally combined with a cytomegalovirus (CME) enhancer element.
  • preferred promoters for the ND4 transgene include the CAG promoter.
  • a particularly preferred promoter is a hybrid CBA/CAG promoter, such as that used for the rAVE expression cassette.
  • human sequence-based promoters that induce retina-specific gene expression include rhodopsin kinase for rods and cones (Allocca et al., 2007, J Viol 81:11372-80), cone-only PR2.1 (Mancuso et al., 2009, Nature) and/or RPE65 of retinal pigment epithelial cells (Bainbridge et al., 2008, N Eng J Med).
  • the promoter comprises at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 169 or 100% identical sequences. In some embodiments, the promoter comprises a sequence that differs by at most 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotides from the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 169. In some embodiments, the sequence of the promoter is SEQ ID NO: 169.
  • the vectors of the invention may also contain one or more additional regulatory sequences that may act pre- or post-transcriptionally.
  • the regulatory sequence may be part of the native ND4 locus, or may be a heterologous regulatory sequence.
  • Vectors of the invention may comprise portions of the 5'UTR or 3'UTR from native ND4 transcripts.
  • a regulatory sequence is any sequence that facilitates the expression of a transgene, ie, acts to increase expression of a transcript, improve nuclear export of mRNA, or enhance its stability.
  • Such regulatory sequences include, for example, enhancer elements, post-regulatory elements, and polyadenylation sites.
  • enhancer elements include, for example, enhancer elements, post-regulatory elements, and polyadenylation sites.
  • the invention also encompasses the use of trans-acting regulatory sequences located on additional genetic constructs.
  • a preferred post-regulatory element for use in the vectors of the invention is the woodchuck hepatitis post-regulatory element (WPRE) or a variant thereof.
  • WPRE woodchuck hepatitis post-regulatory element
  • SAR scaffold attachment region
  • Intron also known as spacer sequence, refers to a non-coding segment in a gene or mRNA molecule, and is an intervening sequence in eukaryotic cell DNA. These sequences are transcribed in the precursor RNA, removed by splicing, and ultimately absent from the mature RNA molecule.
  • recombinant nucleic acids of the invention comprise introns.
  • the intron is located between the promoter and the Kozak sequence.
  • the intron is located between the promoter and the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • the intron is located between the promoter and the mitochondrial protein coding sequence.
  • the intron comprises at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 170 % or 100% identical sequences.
  • the intron comprises a sequence that differs by at most 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotides from the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 170.
  • the sequence of the intron is SEQ ID NO: 170.
  • Kozak sequence (Kozak consensus sequence) exists in eukaryotic mRNA.
  • the ribosome recognizes this sequence on the mRNA and uses it as a translation initiation site.
  • recombinant nucleic acids of the invention comprise a kozak sequence.
  • the kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171.
  • the kozak sequence differs from SEQ ID NO: 171 by at most 1, 2, or 3 nucleotides.
  • the kozak sequence is the translation initiation sequence of SEQ ID NO: 171 combined with its 3' end of four nucleotides in length, and the combined sequence is GCCACCATGG (SEQ ID NO: 177 ), wherein the penultimate to second nucleotide is the initiation codon ATG. Therefore, those skilled in the art can understand that when the Kozak sequence and the coding sequence are linked (for example, when the Kozak sequence is placed before the mitochondrial targeting sequence), the Kozak sequence added before the coding sequence does not contain the translation of the four nucleotide length starting sequence.
  • polyA polyadenylic acid tail
  • the polyadenylic acid tail is usually located downstream of the coding region of the gene and plays a role in terminating transcription.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid contains a polyA tail.
  • the polyA tail has 150-200 adenylate residues.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid contains a simian vacuolar virus polyA tail (SV40 polyA).
  • the simian vacuolar virus polyA tail comprises at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, Sequences that are at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical.
  • the simian vacuolar virus polyA tail differs from the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 173 by at most 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotides the sequence of.
  • the sequence of the simian vacuolar virus polyA tail is SEQ ID NO: 173.
  • the recombinant nucleic acid contains a bovine growth factor polyA tail (bGH polyA).
  • the bovine growth factor polyA tail comprises at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 97%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • the bovine growth factor polyA tail differs from the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 by at most 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotides sequence.
  • the sequence of the bovine growth factor polyA tail is SEQ ID NO: 172.
  • the length of the polyA tail sequence is no more than 122 base pairs (basepair; bp), no more than 125 base pairs, no more than 130 base pairs, no more More than 140 base pairs, not more than 150 base pairs, not more than 160 base pairs, not more than 170 base pairs, not more than 180 base pairs, not more than 190 base pairs Yes, up to 200 bp, up to 220 bp, up to 240 bp, up to 260 bp, up to 280 bp, or up to 300 base pairs.
  • the vectors of the present invention can be prepared by standard methods known in the art for providing vectors for gene therapy. Therefore, well-established public domain transfection, packaging and purification methods can be used to prepare suitable vector preparations.
  • the vectors of the invention may also contain the entire genome of a naturally occurring AAV virus.
  • a derivatized genome will be used, for example a derivative having at least one inverted terminal repeat (ITR) but possibly lacking any AAV genes such as rep or cap.
  • additional genetic constructs providing AAV and/or helper virus function will be provided in host cells in combination with the derivatized genome for assembly of the derivatized genome into the AAV virion.
  • These additional constructs will generally contain genes encoding the structural AAV capsid proteins ie cap, VP1 , VP2, VP3 and genes encoding other functions required for the AAV life cycle such as rep.
  • the choice of structural capsid protein provided on the additional construct will determine the serotype of the packaged viral vector.
  • Particularly preferred packaging viral vectors for use in the present invention comprise a derivatized genome of AAV2 in combination with an AAV5 or AAV8 capsid protein.
  • This packaging viral vector typically contains one or more AAV2 ITRs.
  • helper viral functions preferably adenoviral helper functions
  • helper viral functions will also typically be provided on one or more additional constructs to allow AAV replication.
  • All of the above additional constructs may be provided as plasmids or other episomal elements in the host cell, or one or more constructs may be integrated into the genome of the host cell.
  • the invention provides methods of producing the vectors of the invention.
  • the method comprises providing in a host cell a vector comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) genome or a derivative thereof and a polynucleotide sequence encoding ND4 or a variant thereof, and providing means for replicating and assembling the vector into an AAV virion .
  • the method comprises providing a vector comprising a derivative of the AAV genome and a polynucleotide sequence encoding ND4 or a variant thereof and one or more additional genetic constructs encoding AAV and/or helper virus functions body.
  • derivatives of the AAV genome contain at least one ITR.
  • the method further comprises the step of purifying the assembled virus particles.
  • the method may comprise the step of formulating the viral particles for therapeutic use.
  • the present inventors have unexpectedly demonstrated that the vectors of the present invention can be used to address the underlying cellular dysfunction of LHON.
  • they have shown that LHON-related defects can be corrected using the vector. This provides the means by which the degenerative process of disease can be treated, curbed, alleviated or prevented.
  • the present invention thus provides a method of treating or preventing LHON in a patient in need thereof comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a vector encoding a mitochondrial protein described herein by direct retinal injection, subretinal injection, or intravitreal injection.
  • the method further comprises administering a steroid before, during and/or after administration of the vector encoding the mitochondrial protein.
  • Vectors suitable for use in the methods of the invention include those described herein, equivalent vectors encoding mitochondrial proteins, and biosimilars thereof.
  • Comparable vectors encoding mitochondrial proteins suitable for use in the methods according to the invention include those described in the art, for example Guy et al. in Ophthalmology 2017; 124:1621-1634 and Vignal et al. Those described, each of the aforementioned documents are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • a biosimilar is a biological product that is highly similar to an existing FDA-approved reference product ("reference product”) without clinically meaningful differences.
  • a "highly similar" product is one that has similar purity, chemical identity, and biological activity to the reference product. However, minor differences between the reference product and the clinically inactive components of the proposed biosimilar product are acceptable.
  • these may include minor differences in stabilizers or buffers compared to those used in a reference product, and slight differences are expected during the manufacturing process (ie, acceptable intra-product variation).
  • FDA carefully evaluates any differences between the proposed biosimilar product and the reference product to ensure that the biosimilar meets FDA's high standards for approval.
  • "No clinically meaningful difference” means that there is no clinically meaningful difference between the biosimilar product and the reference product in terms of safety, purity and potency (safety and effectiveness), which is usually determined by human pharmacokinetics (exposure) and pharmacodynamic (response) studies, clinical immunogenicity assessment and, if necessary, additional clinical studies.
  • a patient in need of treatment according to the methods provided herein has one or more mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) point mutations.
  • the patient has a point mutation in a gene encoding a protein of Complex I in the oxidative phosphorylation chain of mitochondria.
  • a patient may have one or more point mutations in the MT-ND4 gene (also known as ND4, NCBI Gene ID: 4538) encoding the NADH dehydrogenase subunit-4 protein (ND4).
  • the patient has a point mutation at nucleotide position 11778 in the ND4 gene.
  • the point mutation is G11778A in the ND4 gene.
  • the patient in need of treatment according to the methods provided herein has a G11778A point mutation in the ND4 gene and is of Chinese and/or Argentinian ancestry.
  • the patient in need of treatment according to the methods provided herein has the G11778A point mutation in the ND4 gene and is of Argentinian ancestry. In some embodiments, the patient in need of treatment according to the methods provided herein has a G11778A point mutation in the ND4 gene and is of Chinese descent.
  • the invention provides the use of a vector of the invention in a method of treating or preventing LHON by administering the vector to a patient by direct retinal injection, subretinal injection, or intravitreal injection.
  • the present invention provides the use of the vector of the present invention in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of LHON by direct retinal injection, subretinal injection or intravitreal injection.
  • the vectors of the invention may be administered so as to prevent the onset of one or more symptoms of LHON.
  • Patients can be asymptomatic.
  • the subject may be predisposed to the disease.
  • the method or use may comprise the step of identifying whether the subject is at risk of developing LHON or has LHON.
  • Such subjects are administered a prophylactically effective amount of carrier.
  • a prophylactically effective amount is an amount that prevents the onset of one or more symptoms of a disease.
  • the vector can be administered once the subject has developed symptoms of the disease, ie, to cure the existing disease symptoms.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of the antagonist is administered to such a subject.
  • a therapeutically effective amount is an amount effective to ameliorate one or more symptoms of a disease. This amount may also arrest, slow or reverse some of the peripheral vision loss associated with LHON. Such an amount may also arrest, slow or reverse the onset of LHON.
  • a typical single dose is between 1010 and 1012 genomic particles, depending on the amount of remaining retinal tissue to be transduced.
  • Genomic particles are defined herein as AAV capsids containing single-stranded DNA molecules quantifiable by sequence-specific methods such as real-time PCR.
  • This dose may be given as a single dose, but may be repeated for the fellow eye or in cases where the vehicle may not be targeting the correct retinal area for whatever reason (eg, surgical complications).
  • Treatment is preferably a single permanent treatment to each eye, but repeated injections, for example in future years and/or with different AAV serotypes, are contemplated.
  • the present invention also provides a method of monitoring the treatment or prevention of LHON in a patient comprising measuring the amount of isolated retinal cells obtained from said patient after administration of the AAV vector of the invention by direct retinal injection, subretinal injection or intravitreal injection. body activity. This method may allow for the determination of the efficacy of a treatment.
  • the present disclosure provides methods of treating an ocular disorder (eg, LHON) comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a vector described herein and a steroid.
  • exemplary steroids include, but are not limited to, alclomethasone dipropionate, amcinonide, beclomethasone dipropionate, betamethasone, betamethasone benzoate, betamethasone dipropionate, betamethasone sodium phosphate, betamethasone Methasone sodium phosphate and sodium acetate, betamethasone valerate, clobetasol propionate, clocotorone pivalate, cortisol (hydrocortisone), cortisol acetate (hydrocortisone), cortisol butyrate Alcohol (Hydrocortisone), Cortisol Cypionate (Hydrocortisone), Cortisol (Hydrocortisone) Sodium Phosphate, Cortisol (Hydrocort)
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone.
  • methylprednisolone is formulated as a tablet for oral administration, such as tablet.
  • methylprednisolone is formulated with one or more inactive ingredients such as calcium stearate, corn starch, sodium erythrosine, lactose, mineral oil, sorbic acid, sucrose, or FD&C Yellow No. 6 for tablets.
  • methylprednisolone is formulated as a liquid for administration by injection, such as
  • methylprednisolone sodium succinate is formulated as a liquid with one or more inactive ingredients such as anhydrous monobasic sodium phosphate, anhydrous dibasic sodium phosphate, or lactose hydrate, optionally with a preservative Formulated with agents such as benzyl alcohol.
  • the steroid is or including its general form.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg/60 kg to about 100 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 80 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 60 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 40 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg /60kg to about 20mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 40mg /60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg, about 60mg/60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 60mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg or about 80mg
  • the patient receives about 4mg/60kg, 6mg/60kg, 8mg/60kg, 10mg/60kg, 16mg/60kg, 20mg/60kg, 24mg/60kg, 32mg/60kg, 40mg/60kg, 48mg/60kg, 60mg Doses of one or more steroids per 60kg or 80mg/60kg.
  • the patient receives a dose of one or more steroids ranging from about 1 mg to about 96 mg.
  • the patient receives a dose of at least about 1 mg of one or more steroids.
  • the patient receives a dose of one or more steroids up to about 96 mg.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg to about 2 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 16 mg, about 1 mg to about 32 mg, about 1 mg to about 64 mg, about 1 mg to about 96 mg, About 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 16 mg, about 2 mg to about 32 mg, about 2 mg to about 64 mg, about 2 mg to about 96 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 16 mg, about 4 mg to about 32 mg, about 4 mg to about 64 mg, about 4 mg to about 96 mg, about 8 mg to about 16 mg, about 8 mg to about 32 mg, about 8 mg to about 64 mg, about 8 mg to about 96 mg, about 16 mg to about 32 mg, about 16 mg to about A dose of one or more steroids of 64 mg, about 16 mg to about 96 mg, about 32 mg to about 64 mg, about 32 mg to about 96 mg, or about 64 mg to about 96 mg.
  • the patient receives one or more steroid doses of about 1 mg, about 2 mg, about 4 mg, about 8 mg, about 16 mg, about 32 mg, about 64 mg, or about 96 mg.
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ). In some embodiments, the steroid is prednisone.
  • one or more doses of steroid are administered prior to administration of the therapeutic vehicle (ie, one or more preoperative steroid doses).
  • the daily dose of steroid is delivered for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, or at least 10 days prior to administration of the therapeutic vehicle.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg/60 kg to about 100 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 80 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 60 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 40 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg /60kg to about 20mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 40mg /60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg, about 60mg/60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 60mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg or about 80mg
  • the patient receives about 4mg/60kg, 6mg/60kg, 8mg/60kg, 10mg/60kg, 16mg/60kg, 20mg/60kg, 24mg/60kg, 32mg/60kg, 40mg/60kg, 48mg/60kg, 60mg
  • One or more preoperative steroid doses per 60kg or 80mg/60kg receives one or more preoperative steroid doses from about 1 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the patient receives one or more preoperative steroid doses of at least about 1 mg. In some embodiments, the patient receives one or more preoperative steroid doses of up to about 96 mg.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg to about 2 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 16 mg, about 1 mg to about 32 mg, about 1 mg to about 64 mg, about 1 mg to about 96 mg, About 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 16 mg, about 2 mg to about 32 mg, about 2 mg to about 64 mg, about 2 mg to about 96 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 16 mg, about 4mg to about 32mg, about 4mg to about 64mg, about 4mg to about 96mg, about 8mg to about 16mg, about 8mg to about 32mg, about 8mg to about 64mg, about 8mg to about 96mg, about 16mg to about 32mg, about 16mg to One or more preoperative steroid doses of about 64 mg, about 16 mg to about 96 mg, about 32 mg to about 64 mg, about 32 mg to about
  • the patient receives one or more preoperative steroid doses of about 1 mg, about 2 mg, about 4 mg, about 8 mg, about 16 mg, about 32 mg, about 64 mg, or about 96 mg.
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ). In some embodiments, the steroid is prednisone.
  • the patient receives about 20 mg/60 kg to about 45 mg/60 kg, about 25 mg/60 kg to about 45 mg/60 kg, about 30 mg/60 kg to about 45 mg/60 kg, about 35 mg/60 kg to about 45 mg/60 kg, about 40 mg /60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 35mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 20mg /60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg or about 20mg
  • the patient receives about 25 mg/60 kg, about 26 mg/60 kg, about 27 mg/60 kg, about 28 mg/60 kg, about 29 mg/60 kg, about 30 mg/60 kg, about 31 mg/60 kg, about 32 mg/60 kg, about 33 mg
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ).
  • methylprednisolone e.g., between about 25 mg/60 kg and about 45 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, about 32 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 50 mg/60 kg to about 70 mg/60 kg, about 55 mg/60 kg to about 70 mg/60 kg, about 60 mg/60 kg to about 70 mg/60 kg, about 65 mg/60 kg to about 70 mg/60 kg, about 50 mg /60kg to about 65mg/60kg, about 55mg/60kg to about 65mg/60kg, about 60mg/60kg to about 65mg/60kg, about 50mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg, about 55mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg or about 50mg
  • One or more preoperative steroid doses between 55mg/60kg and about 55mg/60kg.
  • the patient receives about 55 mg/60 kg, about 56 mg/60 kg, about 57 mg/60 kg, about 58 mg/60 kg, about 59 mg/60 kg, about 60 mg/k, about 61 mg/60 kg, about 62 mg/60 kg, about 63 mg
  • the steroid is prednisone.
  • a daily dose of prednisone of between about 50 mg/60 kg and about 70 mg/60 kg is delivered for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days prior to administration of the therapeutic vector , 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, or at least 10 days.
  • a daily dose of prednisone of about 60 mg/60 kg is delivered for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • one or more doses of steroid are administered after administration of the therapeutic vehicle (ie, one or more post-operative steroid doses).
  • the daily dose of steroid is delivered for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days, or at least 10 days after administration of the therapeutic vehicle.
  • the daily dose of steroid is delivered for at least 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 days, 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks, 9 weeks, 10 weeks, 11 weeks after administration of the therapeutic vector. weeks, 12 weeks, 13 weeks, 14 weeks, or at least 15 weeks.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg/60 kg to about 100 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 80 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 60 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg/60 kg to about 40 mg/60 kg, about 1 mg /60kg to about 20mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 40mg /60kg to about 100mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 60mg/60kg, about 60mg to about 100mg/60kg, about 60mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg and about 80mg/60kg
  • the patient receives one or more postoperative steroid doses from about 1 mg to about 96 mg. In some embodiments, the patient receives one or more postoperative steroid doses of at least about 1 mg. In some embodiments, the patient receives one or more postoperative steroid doses of up to about 96 mg.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg to about 2 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 16 mg, about 1 mg to about 32 mg, about 1 mg to about 64 mg, about 1 mg to about 96 mg, About 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 16 mg, about 2 mg to about 32 mg, about 2 mg to about 64 mg, about 2 mg to about 96 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 16 mg, about 4mg to about 32mg, about 4mg to about 64mg, about 4mg to about 96mg, about 8mg to about 16mg, about 8mg to about 32mg, about 8mg to about 64mg, about 8mg to about 96mg, about 16mg to about 32mg, about 16mg to One or more post-operative steroid doses of about 64 mg, about 16 mg to about 96 mg, about 32 mg to about 64 mg, about 32 mg to
  • the patient receives one or more postoperative steroid doses of about 1 mg, about 2 mg, about 4 mg, about 8 mg, about 16 mg, about 32 mg, about 64 mg, or about 96 mg.
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ). In some embodiments, the steroid is prednisone.
  • the patient receives about 70mg/60kg to about 90mg/60kg, 75mg/60kg to about 90mg/60kg, about 80mg/60kg to about 90mg/60kg, about 85mg/60kg to about 90mg/60kg, about 70mg/60kg 60kg to about 85mg/60kg, about 75mg/60kg to about 85mg/60kg, about 80mg/60kg to about 85mg/60kg, about 70mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg, about 75mg/60kg to about 80mg/60kg or about 70mg/60kg.
  • One or more postoperative steroid doses from 60kg to about 75mg/60kg.
  • the patient receives about 75 mg/60 kg, about 76 mg/60 kg, about 77 mg/60 kg, about 78 mg/60 kg, about 79 mg/60 kg, about 80 mg/60 kg, about 81 mg/60 kg, about 82 mg/60 kg, about 83 mg
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone sodium succinate (e.g., ).
  • methylprednisolone sodium succinate e.g., between about 70 mg and about 90 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, about 80 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 30mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, 35mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, about 45mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg 60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 35mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 35mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg or about 30mg/60kg
  • the patient receives about 35 mg/60 kg, about 36 mg/60 kg, about 37 mg/60 kg, about 38 mg/60 kg, about 39 mg/60 kg, about 40 mg/60 kg, about 41 mg/60 kg, about 42 mg/60 kg, about 43 mg
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ).
  • methylprednisolone e.g., between about 30 mg/60 kg and about 50 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, about 40 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 20mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, 25mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 35mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg 60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 35mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg 60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg or about 20mg/60kg
  • the patient receives about 25 mg/60 kg, about 26 mg/60 kg, about 27 mg/60 kg, about 28 mg/60 kg, about 29 mg/60 kg, about 30 mg/60 kg, about 31 mg/60 kg, about 32 mg/60 kg, about 33 mg
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ).
  • methylprednisolone e.g., between about 20 mg/60 kg and about 45 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, about 32 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 15mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, 20mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 35mg/60kg, about 15mg/60kg 60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 15mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 15mg/60kg One or more postoperative steroid doses from 60kg to about 20mg/60kg.
  • the patient receives about 20 mg/60 kg, about 21 mg/60 kg, about 22 mg/60 kg, about 23 mg/60 kg, about 24 mg/60 kg, about 25 mg/60 kg, about 26 mg/60 kg, about 27 mg/60 kg, about 28 mg
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ).
  • methylprednisolone e.g., between about 15 mg/60 kg and about 35 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, about 24 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 5mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, 10mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 15mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 5mg/60kg 60kg to about 20mg/60kg, about 10mg/60kg to about 20mg/60kg, about 15mg/60kg to about 20mg/60kg, about 5mg/60kg to about 15mg/60kg, about 10mg/60kg to about 15mg/60kg or about 5mg/60kg
  • the patient receives about 10 mg/60 kg, about 11 mg/60 kg, about 12 mg/60 kg, about 13 mg/60 kg, about 14 mg/60 kg, about 15 mg/60 kg, about 16 mg/60 kg, about 17 mg/60 kg, about 18 mg
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ).
  • methylprednisolone e.g., between about 5 mg/60 kg and about 25 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, about 16 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, 5 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, about 10 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, about 15 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, about 1 mg/60kg 60kg to about 15mg/60kg, about 5mg/60kg to about 15mg/60kg, about 10mg/60kg to about 15mg/60kg, about 1mg/60kg to about 10mg/60kg, about 5mg/60kg to about 10mg/60kg or about 1mg/60kg
  • the patient receives about 1 mg/60 kg, about 2 mg/60 kg, about 3 mg/60 kg, about 4 mg/60 kg, about 5 mg/60 kg, about 6 mg/60 kg, about 7 mg/60 kg, about 8 mg/60 kg, about 9 mg
  • the steroid is methylprednisolone (e.g., ).
  • methylprednisolone e.g., between about 1 mg/60 kg and about 20 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, about 8 mg/60 kg of methylprednisolone (e.g., ) for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 30mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, 35mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, about 45mg/60kg to about 50mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg 60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 35mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 40mg/60kg to about 45mg/60kg, about 30mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg, about 35mg/60kg to about 40mg/60kg or about 30mg/60kg
  • the patient receives about 35 mg/60 kg, about 36 mg/60 kg, about 37 mg/60 kg, about 38 mg/60 kg, about 39 mg/60 kg, about 40 mg/60 kg, about 41 mg/60 kg, about 42 mg/60 kg, about 43 mg
  • the steroid is prednisone.
  • a daily dose of prednisone between about 30 mg/60 kg and about 50 mg/60 is delivered for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • a daily dose of about 40 mg/60 kg of prednisone is delivered for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 10mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, 15mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 25mg/60kg to about 30mg/60kg, about 10mg/60kg 60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 15mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 20mg/60kg to about 25mg/60kg, about 10mg/60kg to about 20mg/60kg, about 15mg/60kg to about 20mg/60kg or about 10mg/60kg
  • the patient receives about 15 mg/60 kg, about 16 mg/60 kg, about 17 mg/60 kg, about 18 mg/60 kg, about 19 mg/60 kg, about 20 mg/60 kg, about 21 mg/60 kg, about 22 mg/60 kg, about 23 mg
  • the steroid is prednisone.
  • a daily dose of prednisone between about 10 mg/60 kg and about 30 mg/60 kg is delivered for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • a daily dose of prednisone of about 20 mg/60 kg is delivered for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 1 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, 5 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, about 10 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, about 15 mg/60kg to about 20 mg/60kg, about 1 mg/60kg 60kg to about 15mg/60kg, about 5mg/60kg to about 15mg/60kg, about 10mg/60kg to about 15mg/60kg, about 1mg/60kg to about 10mg/60kg, about 5mg/60kg to about 10mg/60kg or about 1mg/60kg
  • the patient receives about 1 mg/60 kg, about 2 mg/60 kg, about 3 mg/60 kg, about 4 mg/60 kg, about 5 mg/60 kg, about 6 mg/60 kg, about 7 mg/60 kg, about 8 mg/60 kg, about 9 mg
  • the steroid is prednisone.
  • a daily dose of prednisone between about 1 mg/60 kg and about 20 mg/60 kg is delivered for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days. In some embodiments, a daily dose of about 10 mg/60 kg of prednisone is delivered for at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives about 1 g/60 kg to about 15 g/60 kg, about 5 g/60 kg to about 15 g/60 kg, about 10 g/60 kg to about 15 g/60 kg, about 1 g/60 kg to about 10 g/60 kg, about 5 g
  • the patient receives about 1 g/60 kg, about 2 g/60 kg, about 3 g/60 kg, about 4 g/60 kg, about 5 g/60 kg, about 6 g/60 kg, about 7 g/60 kg, about 8 g/60 kg, about 9 g
  • the steroid is sodium phosphate creatine.
  • a daily dose of creatine phosphate sodium of between about 1 g/60 kg and about 15 g/60 kg is delivered for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days after administration of the therapeutic carrier , 6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • a daily dose of creatine phosphate sodium of about 2 g/60 kg is delivered for at least 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, 8 days after administration of the therapeutic vector , 9 days or at least 10 days.
  • the patient receives an intravenous dose of creatine phosphate sodium (2 g/60 kg) and an intravenous dose of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (e.g., 80mg/60kg), and received the above drugs every day for 3 days after the administration of the therapeutic AAV vector.
  • the patient On day 3 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 4 days.
  • the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days.
  • the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days.
  • the patient On day 21 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days. On day 28 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days. On day 35 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days. On day 42 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days.
  • methylprednisolone e.g., ) tablet for 7 days.
  • patients receive methylprednisolone (e.g., )tablet.
  • the patient receives an intravenous dose of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (e.g., (80mg/60kg), its daily administration continued for 3 days.
  • methylprednisolone sodium succinate e.g., (80mg/60kg)
  • the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 4 days.
  • the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days.
  • the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days.
  • the patient On day 21 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days. On day 28 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days. On day 35 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days. On day 42 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered methylprednisolone (e.g., ) tablet for 7 days. See Figure 8 for an exemplary schematic diagram of a treatment regimen for LHON gene therapy.
  • the patient receives prednisone tablets at a dose of 60 mg/60 kg prior to administration of the therapeutic AAV vector and daily for 7 days after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector.
  • the patient On day 8 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered prednisone tablets at a dose of 40 mg/kg for one day.
  • the patient On day 9 after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector, the patient was administered prednisone tablets at a dose of 20 mg/kg for one day.
  • the patient was administered prednisone tablets at a dose of 10 mg/kg for one day. See Figure 9 for an exemplary schematic diagram of a treatment regimen for LHON gene therapy.
  • Dosage and interval can be adjusted individually to be sufficient to maintain the therapeutic effect.
  • the skilled artisan will be able to optimize effective local doses without undue experimentation.
  • administration of a steroid before, during, and/or after administration of a therapeutic AAV vector described herein results in greater improvement than is achieved with administration of a comparable therapeutic AAV vector without steroids, e.g., in a population of at least 10 patients.
  • High average visual acuity recovery is achieved.
  • administration of a steroid before, during and/or after administration of a therapeutic AAV vector results in fewer adverse events than administration of a comparable therapeutic AAV vector without steroids in a population of, e.g., at least 10 patients incidence.
  • the adverse event is selected from the group consisting of anterior chamber inflammation, vitreitis, ocular hypertension, cataract extraction, keratitis, vitreous hemorrhage, allergic conjunctivitis, and eye pain.
  • the higher improvement achieved according to the methods of the invention is determined by comparison to a patient population treated with a therapeutic AAV vector for an ocular disorder without administration of steroids before, during, and/or after administration of the therapeutic AAV vector. Mean recovery of vision and lower incidence of adverse events.
  • the population of patients treated according to the methods of the present disclosure and the population of patients treated with comparable therapeutic AAV vectors are ethnically matched.
  • the patient population is Chinese or Argentinian.
  • the present disclosure provides methods of screening patients for treatment of an ocular disorder.
  • the method comprises culturing the target cell population in the presence of a serum sample obtained from the patient with a composition comprising an AAV comprising a recombinant nucleic acid sequence encoding a detectable marker; and after culturing detecting the expression level of the detectable marker in the target cells, wherein the patient is selected for the treatment if the expression level of the detectable marker in the target cells is above a predetermined threshold.
  • the method further comprises administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising an AAV comprising a recombinant nucleic acid sequence encoding a mitochondrial protein.
  • the methods of screening patients for treatment of an ocular disorder described herein utilize serum samples from patients to assess the immune response of a particular patient to a recombinant viral vector for delivery of a therapeutic protein.
  • Soluble factors eg, antibodies
  • the methods of the present disclosure utilize AAV encoding a detectable marker such that the level of infectivity of target cells can be measured by detecting the marker.
  • the present disclosure provides methods for identifying patients exhibiting low immunoreactivity to AAV compositions and selecting those patients for treatment with the therapeutic AAV vectors described herein.
  • the present disclosure provides methods for identifying patients exhibiting high immunoreactivity to AAV compositions and excluding these patients from future treatment with the therapeutic AAV vectors described herein.
  • the level of expression of the detectable marker in the target cells correlates with the patient's immune response to the AAV vector.
  • serum from a patient exhibiting high immunoreactivity to AAV contains soluble factors that prevent AAV encoding a detectable marker from infecting target cells and preventing expression of the detectable marker in target cells.
  • the level of expression of the detectable marker in target cells cultured in the presence of patient serum is reduced relative to the level of expression of the detectable marker in target cells cultured in the absence of patient serum.
  • serum from a patient exhibiting low immunoreactivity to AAV contains few or no soluble factors that prevent AAV encoding a detectable marker from infecting target cells.
  • the level of expression of the detectable marker in target cells cultured in the presence of patient serum is the same or not significantly reduced relative to the level of expression of the detectable marker in target cells cultured in the absence of patient serum .
  • a detectable marker can be any protein or nucleic acid molecule not endogenously expressed by the target cell and/or AAV vector.
  • detectable labels include, but are not limited to, FLAG tags, polyhistidine tags (e.g., 6xHis), SNAP tags, Halo tags, cMyc tags, glutathione-S-transferase tags, avidin, enzymes, fluorescent proteins, photoproteins, chemiluminescent proteins, bioluminescent proteins, and phosphorescent proteins.
  • the fluorescent protein is selected from the group consisting of: blue/UV proteins (such as BFP, TagBFP, mTagBFP2, Azurite, EBFP2, mKalama1, Sirius, Sapphire, and T-Sapphire); cyan proteins (such as CFP, eCFP , Cerulean, SCFP3A, mTurquoise, mTurquoise2, monomeric Midoriishi-Cyan, TagCFP, and mTFP1); green proteins (such as: GFP, eGFP, meGFP (A208K mutation), Emerald, Superfolder GFP, monomeric Azami Green, TagGFP2, mUKG, mWasabi , Clover, and mNeonGreen); yellow proteins (such as YFP, eYFP, Citrine, Venus, SYFP2, and TagYFP); orange proteins (such as monomeric Kusabira-Orange, mKO ⁇ , mKO2, mOrange, and mOrange
  • the detectable label may be selected from AmCyan, AsRed, DsRed2, DsRed Express, E2-Crimson, HcRed, ZsGreen, ZsYellow, mCherry, mStrawberry, mOrange, mBanana, mPlum, mRasberry, tdTomato, DsRed monomer and/or or AcGFP, all available from Clontech.
  • the detectable marker is GFP.
  • Detectable markers can be detected by methods generally known in the art, including but not limited to flow cytometry, qPCR, Western blot, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry.
  • the detection method is a high-throughput detection method, such as flow cytometry or qPCR, allowing multiple patient samples to be analyzed simultaneously.
  • the detection method is flow cytometry.
  • the detection method is qPCR.
  • a predetermined threshold of expression level of a detectable marker is set for screening patients for treatment of an ocular disorder. In some embodiments, patients meeting or exceeding this threshold are selected for treatment with a therapeutic AAV vector described herein. In some embodiments, patients who do not meet this threshold are excluded from future treatment with a therapeutic AAV vector described herein, or must undergo an immunosuppressive regimen prior to initiating treatment with a therapeutic AAV vector described herein .
  • the predetermined threshold may be expressed as the absolute expression level of the detectable marker in the test sample above which the patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy and/or below which the patient is characterized as not eligible for gene therapy. Suitable for gene therapy.
  • the predetermined threshold is an absolute expression level greater than or equal to 0.2.
  • the patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is greater than or equal to 0.2, and the patient is characterized as ineligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is less than 0.2 .
  • the predetermined threshold is an absolute expression level greater than or equal to 0.6.
  • the patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is greater than or equal to 0.6, and the patient is characterized as ineligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is less than 0.6 .
  • the predetermined threshold is an absolute expression level of greater than or equal to 20% marker-positive target cells in the test sample (eg, %GFP+ cells > 20%).
  • a patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is greater than or equal to 20% marker-positive target cells, and if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is less than 20% marker-positive target cells , the patient is characterized as not suitable for gene therapy.
  • the predetermined threshold is an absolute expression level of greater than or equal to 40% marker-positive target cells in the test sample (eg, %GFP+ cells > 40%).
  • a patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is greater than or equal to 40% marker-positive target cells, and if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is less than 40% marker-positive target cells , the patient is characterized as not suitable for gene therapy.
  • the predetermined threshold can be expressed as the relative expression level of the detectable marker in the test sample (i.e., the expression of the detectable marker in the test sample relative to the control sample), above which a patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy, and/or below which the patient is characterized as ineligible for gene therapy.
  • the predetermined threshold is a relative expression level of greater than or equal to 40% marker-positive target cells in the test sample (eg, %GFP+ cells > 40%).
  • a patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is greater than or equal to 40% marker-positive target cells, and if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is less than 40% marker-positive target cells , the patient is characterized as not suitable for gene therapy.
  • the predetermined threshold is a relative expression level of greater than or equal to 80% marker-positive target cells in the test sample (eg, %GFP+ cells > 80%).
  • a patient is characterized as eligible for gene therapy if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is greater than or equal to 80% label-positive target cells, and if the absolute expression level of the detectable marker is less than 80% label-positive target cells , the patient is characterized as not suitable for gene therapy.
  • patients screened and/or selected for treatment according to the methods described herein have one or more mtDNA point mutations.
  • the patient has a point mutation in a gene encoding a protein of Complex I in the oxidative phosphorylation chain of mitochondria.
  • a patient may have one or more point mutations in the ND4 gene.
  • the patient has a point mutation at nucleotide position 11778 in the ND4 gene.
  • the point mutation is G11778A in the ND4 gene.
  • patients screened and/or selected for treatment according to the methods described herein have a G11778A point mutation in the ND4 gene and are of Chinese and/or Argentinian ancestry.
  • patients screened and/or selected for treatment according to the methods described herein have the G11778A point mutation in the ND4 gene and are of Argentinian ancestry. In some embodiments, patients screened and/or selected for treatment according to the methods described herein have a G11778A point mutation in the ND4 gene and are of Chinese ancestry.
  • kits for screening patients for treatment of an ocular disorder and/or for selecting patients for treatment of an ocular disorder comprises: an AAV comprising a recombinant nucleic acid encoding a detectable marker and one or more reagents for detecting the detectable marker.
  • the one or more reagents used to detect the detectable label are selected from antibodies that bind to the detectable label and one or more reagents specific for the recombinant nucleic acid encoding the detectable label.
  • Sexual primer oligonucleotides are selected from antibodies that bind to the detectable label and one or more reagents specific for the recombinant nucleic acid encoding the detectable label.
  • the kit further comprises one or more reagents for reconstitution and/or dilution of the AAV vector and/or detection reagent components.
  • the kit further comprises one or more additional reagents, such as buffers for introducing AAV vectors into cells, wash buffers, and/or cell culture media.
  • the components of the kit may be in separate containers, or may be combined in a single container.
  • the kit further includes instructions for using the components of the kit to practice the methods of the present disclosure.
  • Instructions for carrying out the methods are usually recorded on a suitable recording medium.
  • instructions may be printed on a substrate such as paper or plastic.
  • instructions may be present in the kit as a package insert, or in a label (ie, associated with the package or subpackage) of the container of the kit or components thereof.
  • the instructions exist as an electronically stored data file on a suitable computer readable storage medium (eg, CD-ROM, magnetic disk, flash drive, etc.).
  • no actual instructions are present in the kit, but instead provide means for obtaining instructions from a remote source, eg, via the Internet.
  • An example of this embodiment is a kit that includes a web site where instructions can be viewed and/or where instructions can be downloaded. As with the instructions, this means of obtaining the instructions is recorded on a suitable substrate.
  • compositions and excipients are provided.
  • the carriers of the invention can be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions.
  • these compositions may contain pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, buffers, stabilizers or other substances well known to those skilled in the art. Such substances should be non-toxic and should not interfere with the efficacy of the active ingredient.
  • the exact nature of the vehicle or other substance can be determined by the skilled artisan depending on the route of administration (ie, here direct retinal injection, subretinal injection or intravitreal injection).
  • Liquid pharmaceutical compositions are usually in liquid form.
  • Liquid pharmaceutical compositions generally include a liquid carrier such as water, petroleum, animal or vegetable oil, mineral oil or synthetic oil.
  • Physiological saline solution, magnesium chloride, dextrose or other sugar solutions or glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol may be included.
  • surfactants such as pluronic acid (PF68, also known as poloxamer 188) can be used.
  • the active ingredient will be in the form of a pyrogen-free aqueous solution having suitable pH, isotonicity and stability.
  • a pyrogen-free aqueous solution having suitable pH, isotonicity and stability.
  • isotonic vehicles such as Sodium Chloride Injection, Ringer's Injection, Lactated Ringer's Injection.
  • Preservatives, stabilizers, buffers, antioxidants and/or other additives may be included as desired.
  • carriers can be included in pharmaceutical compositions formulated for slow release, such as in microcapsules formed of biocompatible polymers or in liposomal carrier systems according to methods known in the art.
  • compositions comprising an adeno-associated virus (AAV) comprising any of the recombinant nucleic acids disclosed herein.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include phosphate buffered saline (PBS), ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate, L-histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate, poly Sorbitan ester 20, NaCl, NaH 2 PO 4 , Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , Poloxamer 188, or any combination thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of phosphate buffered saline (PBS), ⁇ , ⁇ -anhydrotrehalose, L-histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate, polysorbate 20. NaCl, NaH 2 PO 4 , Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , Poloxamer 188 and any combination thereof.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient includes poloxamer 188.
  • Poloxamer 188 is an ethylene oxide-polyoxypropylene glycol copolymer. As a surfactant, it has the functions of dispersing, stabilizing and emulsifying.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.0001%-0.01% poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.0005%-0.005% poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.0007%-0.002% poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.0008%-0.0012% poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include 0.0009%-0.0011% poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient includes 0.001% (0.01 mg/mL) poloxamer 188.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient further includes one or more salts.
  • the one or more salts include NaCl, NaH2PO4 , Na2HPO4 , and KH2PO4 .
  • the one or more salts include 80 mM NaCl, 5 mM NaH 2 PO 4 , 40 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , and 5 mM KH 2 PO 4 .
  • the one or more salts include NaCl, Na2HPO4 , and KH2PO4 .
  • the one or more salts include 154 mM NaCl, 5.6 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , and 8.4 mM KH 2 PO 4 .
  • the one or more salts include NaCl, Na2HPO4 , and KH2PO4 .
  • the one or more salts are NaCl, Na 2 HPO 4 , and KH 2 PO 4 .
  • the concentration of NaCl is 5-15 mg/mL. In some instances, the NaCl concentration is 9 mg/mL.
  • the concentration of KH2PO4 is 0.1-0.5 mg/mL. In some instances, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 0.144 mg /mL. In some cases, the concentration of Na2HPO4 is 0.5-1 mg/mL. In some instances, the Na2HPO4 concentration is 0.795 mg /mL.
  • the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is 6-8. In some instances, the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is 7.2-7.4. In some instances, the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is 7.3. In some instances, the pharmaceutical composition has a viral titer of at least 1.0 x 1010 vg/mL. In some instances, the pharmaceutical composition has a viral titer of at least 5.0 x 1010 vg/mL.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is subjected to five freeze/thaw cycles, the pharmaceutical composition retains at least 60%, 70%, 80% of the viral titer prior to the five freeze/thaw cycles or 90% viral titer.
  • the pharmaceutical composition when administered to a patient with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, produces a higher average recovery of vision than a comparable pharmaceutical composition without the recombinant nucleic acid.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is stored in a container of a specific material.
  • the container is made of cycloolefin polymer.
  • a sample suitable for use in the methods described herein may be a nucleic acid sample from a subject.
  • a "nucleic acid sample” as used herein may comprise RNA or DNA or a combination thereof.
  • a "polypeptide sample” eg, a peptide or protein or a fragment derived therefrom
  • Nucleic acids and polypeptides can be extracted from one or more samples including, but not limited to, blood, saliva, urine, mucosal scrapings of the oral lining, expectorants, serum, tears, skin, tissue or hair. Nucleic acid information analysis can be performed on nucleic acid samples.
  • Nucleic acid information includes the nucleic acid sequence itself, the presence/absence of genetic variation in the nucleic acid sequence, physical properties (eg, Tm) that vary according to the nucleic acid sequence, and the amount of nucleic acid (eg, mRNA copy number).
  • Nucleic acid means any of DNA, RNA, DNA including artificial nucleotides, or RNA including artificial nucleotides.
  • purified nucleic acid includes cDNA, fragments of genomic nucleic acid, nucleic acid produced using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nucleic acid formed by restriction enzyme treatment of genomic nucleic acid, recombinant nucleic acid, and chemically synthesized nucleic acid molecules .
  • a "recombinant" nucleic acid molecule includes a nucleic acid molecule that is created by the artificial combination of two sequence segments that are otherwise separated, such as by chemical synthesis or by manipulation of separate nucleic acid segments through genetic engineering techniques.
  • polypeptide includes proteins, protein fragments and peptides, whether isolated from natural sources, produced by recombinant techniques or chemically synthesized.
  • a polypeptide may have one or more modifications, such as post-translational modifications (eg, glycosylation, phosphorylation, etc.) or any other modification (eg, pegylation, etc.).
  • a polypeptide may contain one or more non-naturally occurring amino acids (eg, as amino acids with side chain modifications).
  • nucleic acid samples may include cells or tissues, such as cell lines.
  • Exemplary cell types from which nucleic acids may be obtained using the methods described herein include, but are not limited to, the following: blood cells, such as B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, leukocytes, erythrocytes, macrophages, or neutrophils; muscle cells, Such as bone cells, smooth muscle cells or cardiomyocytes; germ cells such as sperm or eggs; epithelial cells; connective tissue cells such as adipocytes, chondrocytes; fibroblasts or osteoblasts; neurons; astrocytes; stromal cells; Organ-specific cells, such as kidney cells, pancreatic cells, liver cells, or keratinocytes; stem cells; or any cells that develop from them.
  • blood cells such as B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, leukocytes, erythrocytes, macrophages, or neutrophils
  • muscle cells Such as bone cells, smooth muscle cells or cardiomyocytes
  • germ cells such
  • the cells from which the nucleic acid may be obtained may be blood cells or specific types of blood cells including, for example, hematopoietic stem cells or cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells, such as erythrocytes, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils, Basocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages, or platelets.
  • hematopoietic stem cells or cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells such as erythrocytes, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils, Basocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages, or platelets.
  • any type of stem cell can be used, including but not limited to embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, or pluripotent stem cells.
  • a nucleic acid sample can be treated for RNA or DNA isolation, eg, RNA or DNA in a cell or tissue sample can be separated from other components of the nucleic acid sample.
  • Cells can be harvested from a nucleic acid sample using standard techniques, eg, by centrifuging the cell sample and resuspending the pelleted cells, eg, in a buffer solution (eg, phosphate buffered saline (PBS)).
  • PBS phosphate buffered saline
  • the cells after centrifuging the cell suspension to obtain a cell pellet, the cells can be lysed to extract DNA.
  • nucleic acid samples can be concentrated and/or purified to isolate DNA.
  • nucleic acid samples obtained from a subject including nucleic acid samples subjected to further processing of any kind, are considered to be obtained from a subject.
  • standard techniques and kits known in the art can be used to extract RNA or DNA from nucleic acid samples, including, for example, phenol extraction, Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Chatsworth, Calif.), Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Promega) or the Qiagen Autopure method with Puregene chemistry, which are able to purify highly stable DNA well suited for archiving.
  • determining allele identity (identity) or determining copy number may, but need not, include obtaining a nucleic acid sample comprising RNA and/or DNA from the subject, and/or assessing genomic DNA derived from the nucleic acid sample ( (i.e., the identity, copy number, presence or absence, and chromosomal location of one or more genetic variations within the subject's genome).
  • the methods can include using information obtained by analysis of nucleic acid samples by third parties.
  • the methods may include steps performed at more than one location.
  • a nucleic acid sample can be obtained from a subject at a first location, such as at a healthcare facility or, in the case of a self-test kit, at the subject's home.
  • the nucleic acid sample can be analyzed at the same site or at a second site, such as in a laboratory or other testing site.
  • nucleic acids and polypeptides described herein find use in the methods and kits of the disclosure.
  • aptamers that specifically bind the nucleic acids and polypeptides described herein find use in the methods and kits of the present disclosure.
  • a nucleic acid may comprise deoxyribonucleotides (DNA) or ribonucleotides (RNA), whether singly or in polymers, naturally occurring or non-naturally occurring, double-stranded or single-stranded , coding (eg translated genes) or non-coding (eg regulatory regions) or any fragment, derivative, mimic or complement thereof.
  • nucleic acids may include oligonucleotides, nucleotides, polynucleotides, nucleic acid sequences, genomic sequences, complementary DNA (cDNA), antisense nucleic acids, DNA regions, probes, primers, genes, regulatory regions , introns, exons, open reading frames, binding sites, target nucleic acids, and allele-specific nucleic acids.
  • cDNA complementary DNA
  • a "probe” as used herein includes nucleic acid fragments used to examine nucleic acid in a sample using nucleic acid complementarity-based hybridization reactions.
  • hybrid as used herein includes double strands formed within the same type of the above-mentioned nucleic acids or across any of different types, including DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA, RNA-RNA, and the like.
  • an "isolated" nucleic acid is one that is completely or partially purified with usually flanking gene or nucleotide sequences (as in a genomic sequence) and/or has been purified from other transcribed sequences (e.g., as in an RNA library) Nucleic acid isolated.
  • an isolated nucleic acid of the present disclosure may be substantially isolated relative to its naturally occurring complex cellular environment or culture medium when produced by recombinant techniques, or chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically synthesized.
  • an isolated substance may form part of a composition, such as a crude extract, a buffer system or a reagent mixture containing other substances.
  • the material can be purified to substantial homogeneity using methods known in the art, such as by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) or column chromatography (eg, HPLC).
  • PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
  • HPLC column chromatography
  • isolated may also refer to nucleic acid that is separated from the chromosome with which the genomic DNA is naturally associated.
  • an isolated nucleic acid molecule can contain less than about 250 kb, 200 kb, 150 kb, 100 kb, 75 kb, 50 kb, 25 kb, 10 kb, 5 kb, 4 kb, 3 kb, 2 kb, 1 kb, 0.5 kb, or 0.1 kb of nucleotides, the nucleoside The acid flanks the nucleic acid molecule in the gDNA of the cell from which the nucleic acid molecule was derived.
  • Nucleic acids may be fused to other coding or regulatory sequences and may be considered isolated.
  • recombinant DNA contained in a vector is included within the definition of "isolated” as used herein.
  • isolated nucleic acid can include recombinant DNA molecules in heterologous host cells or organisms as well as partially or substantially purified DNA molecules in solution. Isolated nucleic acid also encompasses in vivo and in vitro RNA transcripts of the DNA molecules of the present disclosure.
  • An isolated nucleic acid molecule or nucleotide sequence can be synthesized chemically or by recombinant means.
  • nucleotide sequences are useful, for example, in the production of encoded polypeptides, as methods for isolating homologous sequences (e.g., from other mammalian species), for gene mapping (e.g., by in situ hybridization to chromosomes), or as Probes for detecting gene expression in tissue (eg, human tissue) as by Northern blot analysis or other hybridization techniques disclosed herein.
  • tissue e.g, human tissue
  • the present disclosure also relates to nucleic acid sequences that hybridize to the nucleotide sequences described herein under highly stringent hybridization conditions, such as for selective hybridization. Such nucleic acid sequences can be detected and/or isolated by allele-specific or sequence-specific hybridization (eg, under highly stringent conditions).
  • the percent identity between the two sequences is a function of the number of identical positions shared by the sequences, taking into account the number of gaps that need to be introduced for optimal alignment of the two sequences and the length of each gap.
  • the terms “identical” and “identity” when used to describe the degree of sequence identity convey the same meaning. For example, at least 99% identical to a particular sequence means at least 99% identical to that sequence.
  • the length of the sequences being aligned for comparison purposes is at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or At least 95%.
  • the actual comparison of two sequences can be accomplished by well known methods, for example, using a mathematical algorithm. Non-limiting examples of such mathematical algorithms are described in Karlin, S. and Altschul, S., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90-5873-5877 (1993). This algorithm is incorporated into the NBLAST and XBLAST programs (version 2.0) as described in Altschul, S. et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 25:3389-3402 (1997).
  • any relevant parameters of the respective programs can be used.
  • Other examples include the algorithm of Myers and Miller, CABIOS (1989), ADVANCE, ADAM, BLAT and FASTA.
  • the percent identity between two amino acid sequences can be accomplished using, for example, the GAP program in the GCG software package (Accelrys, Cambridge, UK).
  • a “probe” or “primer” may be an oligonucleotide that hybridizes in a base-specific manner to the complementary strand of a nucleic acid molecule.
  • Probes can include primers, which can be single-stranded oligonucleotide probes, which can be used as methods including, but not limited to, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ligase chain reaction (LCR) to amplify a target sequence. Performs template-directed initiation of DNA synthesis.
  • An oligonucleotide as described herein may comprise a segment/fragment of a nucleic acid sequence or its complement.
  • DNA fragments can be between 5 and 10,000 contiguous bases, and can range from 5, 10, 12, 15, 20, or 25 nucleotides to 10, 15, 20, 25 , 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 or 10,000 nucleotides.
  • probes and primers can also include polypeptide nucleic acids (PNAs), as described in Nielsen, P. et al., Science 254:1497-1500 (1991).
  • PNAs polypeptide nucleic acids
  • a probe or primer may comprise a nucleotide sequence that hybridizes to at least about 15, usually about 20-25, and in certain embodiments about 40, 50, 60, or 75 contiguous nucleotides of a nucleic acid molecule Area.
  • the present disclosure also provides isolated nucleic acids, such as probes or primers, comprising a fragment or portion that selectively hybridizes to a nucleic acid comprising or consisting of a nucleotide sequence, wherein the nucleotide sequence can be Comprising at least one polymorphism or polymorphic allele contained in a genetic variation described herein or a wild-type nucleotide at the same position or its complement.
  • the probe or primer may be at least 70% identical, at least 80% identical, at least 85% identical, at least 90% identical to the contiguous nucleotide sequence or to the complement of the contiguous nucleotide sequence Sex or at least 95% identity.
  • the nucleic acid probe can be an oligonucleotide capable of hybridizing to a complementary region of a gene associated with a disorder (eg, LHON) containing a genetic variation described herein.
  • a disorder eg, LHON
  • the nucleic acid fragments of the disclosure can be used as probes or primers in assays such as those described herein.
  • Nucleic acids of the present disclosure can be identified and isolated using standard molecular biology techniques well known to the skilled artisan.
  • DNA can be amplified and/or can be labeled (eg, radiolabeled, fluorescently labeled) and used as a probe for screening, eg, cDNA libraries derived from an organism.
  • cDNA can be derived from mRNA and can be contained in a suitable vector.
  • corresponding clones can be isolated, DNA obtained following in vivo excision, and the cloned insert can be sequenced in either or both directions by art-recognized methods to identify the correct reading frame encoding a polypeptide of appropriate molecular weight.
  • polypeptides and DNA encoding the polypeptides can be isolated, sequenced, and further characterized.
  • a nucleic acid may comprise one or more polymorphisms, variations or mutations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), single nucleotide variations (SNVs), copy number variations (CNVs), Examples include insertions, deletions, inversions and translocations.
  • SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms
  • SNVs single nucleotide variations
  • CNVs copy number variations
  • Examples include insertions, deletions, inversions and translocations.
  • a nucleic acid may comprise an analog such as phosphorothioate, phosphoramidate, methylphosphonate, chiral methylphosphonate, 2-O-methylribonucleotide, or a modified nucleic acid , such as modified backbone residues or linkages, or nucleic acids bound to carbohydrates, lipids, polypeptides, or other substances, or peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), such as chromatin, ribosomes, and transcripts.
  • nucleic acids can include nucleic acids of various structures, such as A DNA, B DNA, Z DNA, siRNA, tRNA, and ribozymes.
  • a nucleic acid may be naturally or non-naturally polymorphic, eg, having one or more sequence differences, eg, additions, deletions and/or substitutions, compared to a reference sequence.
  • the reference sequence can be based on publicly available information, such as the U.C. Santa Cruz Human Genome Browser Gateway (genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGateway) or the NCBI website (www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov).
  • a reference sequence can be determined by a practitioner of the present disclosure using methods well known in the art, such as by sequencing a reference nucleic acid.
  • a probe can hybridize to an allele, SNP, SNV, or CNV, as described herein. In some embodiments, the probe can bind to another marker sequence associated with LHON as described herein.
  • Control probes can also be used, for example probes that bind to less variable sequences, for example repetitive DNA associated with the centromere of a chromosome can be used as a control.
  • probes are available from commercial sources.
  • probes can be synthesized, for example, chemically or in vitro, or made from chromosomal or genomic DNA by standard techniques.
  • sources of DNA that can be used include genomic DNA, cloned DNA sequences, normal chromosomal complements containing a human chromosome or a portion of a human chromosome and the host, and purified by flow cytometry or microdissection. Somatic heterozygosity of chromosomes. Regions of interest can be isolated by cloning or by site-specific amplification using PCR.
  • Detectable labels may include any label capable of detection by physical, chemical or biological means, for example radioactive labels such as 32P or 3H; fluorescent labels such as FITC; chromophore labels; affinity ligand labels; enzymatic labels such as basic Phosphatase, horseradish peroxidase, or I2-galactosidase; enzyme cofactor labels; hapten conjugate labels such as digoxigenin or dinitrophenyl; labels for Raman signal generation; magnetic labels; spin Labels; epitope labels, such as FLAG or HA epitopes; luminescent labels; heavy atom labels; nanoparticle labels; electrochemical labels; light scattering labels; spherical shell labels; semiconductor nanocrystal labels, such as quantum dots (described in US patent) and probes labeled with any other signal-generating label known to those skilled in the art,
  • Nucleotides can be incorporated directly into probes using standard techniques such as nick translation, random priming, and PCR labelling.
  • a "signal” as used herein includes signals that can be suitably detected and measured by suitable means, including fluorescence, radioactivity, chemiluminescence, and the like.
  • Non-limiting examples of labeling moieties that can be used for detection include, but are not limited to, suitable enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, beta-galactosidase, or acetylcholinesterase; binding pairs capable of forming complexes; members of streptavidin/biotin, avidin/biotin or antigen/antibody complexes including, for example, rabbit IgG and anti-rabbit IgG; fluorophores such as umbelliferone, fluorescein, isothiocyanate Acid fluorescein, rhodamine, tetramethylrhodamine, eosin, green fluorescent protein, erythrosin, coumarin, methylcoumarin, pyrene, malachite green, stilbene, firefly yellow, malachite blue (Cascade Blue), Texas Red, dichlorotriazine fluorescein, dansyl chloride, phycoerythrin,
  • luminescent substances such as luminol
  • light-scattering or plasmon resonance substances such as gold or silver particles or quantum dots
  • radioactive substances including 14C, 123I, 124I , 125I, Tc99m, 32P, 33P, 35S or 3H.
  • Backbone labels comprise nucleic acid dyes that bind nucleic acids in a sequence-independent manner.
  • Non-limiting examples include intercalating dyes such as phenanthridine and acridine (e.g., ethidium bromide, propidium iodide, hexaminium iodide, dihydroethidium, ethidium homodimer-1 and -2, ethidium ammonium-azide and ACMA); some minor groove binders, such as indole and imidazole (eg, Hoechst 33258, Hoechst 33342, Hoechst 34580, and DAPI); and heterogeneous nucleic acid dyes, such as acridine orange (also capable of intercalation) , 7-AAD, actinomycin D, LDS751 and hydroxystilbamidine.
  • intercalating dyes such as phenanthridine and acridine (e.g.,
  • nucleic acid dyes are commercially available from suppliers such as Molecular Probes, Inc.
  • nucleic acid dyes include the following dyes from Molecular Probes: Cyanine dyes such as SYTOX blue, SYTOX green, SYTOX orange, POPO-1, POPO-3, YOYO-1, YOYO-3, TOTO-1, TOTO-3, JOJO-1, LOLO-1, BOBO-1, BOBO-3, PO-PRO-1, PO-PRO-3, BO-PRO-1, BO-PRO-3, TO-PRO-1, TO-PRO-3, TO-PRO-5, JO-PRO-1, LO-PRO-1, YO-PRO-1, YO-PRO-3, PicoGreen, OliGreen, RiboGreen, SYBR Gold, SYBR Green I, SYBR Green II, SYBR DX, SYTO-40, -41, -42, -43, -44, -45 (blue), SYTO-13, -16, -24,
  • fluorophores of different colors can be selected, such as 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid (AMCA), 5-(and-6)-carboxy-X-rhodamine, MW Seramine rhodamine B, 5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein, fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC), 7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid, tetramethyl Rhodamine-5-(and-6)-isothiocyanate, 5-(and-6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine, 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid, 6-[fluorescein 5 -(and-6)-carboxamido]hexanoic acid, N-(4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-borane-3a,4adiaza-3-indacene Acid, Eosin-5-isothiocyanate, Erythrosin-5-
  • AMCA
  • fluorescently labeled probes can be visualized with a fluorescence microscope and appropriate filters for each fluorophore or by viewing multiple fluorophores using dual or triple bandpass filter sets.
  • Techniques such as flow cytometry can be used to examine the hybridization pattern of probes.
  • the probes may be labeled indirectly, for example with biotin or digoxigenin, or with radioactive isotopes such as32P and/or3H.
  • a probe indirectly labeled with biotin can be detected by avidin conjugated to a detectable label.
  • avidin can be conjugated to an enzyme label such as alkaline phosphatase or horseradish peroxidase.
  • an enzyme label can be detected using a colorimetric reaction using a substrate and/or catalyst for the enzyme.
  • catalysts for alkaline phosphatase such as 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indole phosphate and nitroblue tetrazolium, may be used.
  • a catalyst can be used for horseradish peroxidase, such as diaminobenzoate.
  • Yet another aspect of the present disclosure relates to the formulation, route of administration, and effective dosage of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an agent or combination of agents of the present disclosure.
  • Such pharmaceutical compositions are useful in the treatment of disorders as described above (eg, LHON).
  • the compounds of the present disclosure may be administered as pharmaceutical formulations, including those suitable for oral (including buccal and sublingual), rectal, nasal, topical, transdermal patch, pulmonary, vaginal, suppository or parenteral (including intraocular) formulations. , intravitreal, intramuscular, intraarterial, intrathecal, intradermal, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intravenous) administration or in a form suitable for administration by nebulization, inhalation or insufflation.
  • General information on drug delivery systems can be found in Ansel et al., Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems (Lippencott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore Md. (1999).
  • compositions include carriers and excipients (including but not limited to buffers, carbohydrates, mannitol, polypeptides, amino acids, antioxidants, bacteriostats, chelating agents, suspending agents, thickeners and/or preservatives), water, oils (including oils of petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic origin, such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil, etc.), saline solutions, dextrose and glycerin solutions, flavorings, Colorants, detackifiers and other acceptable additives, adjuvants or binders, other pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary substances used to approach physiological conditions such as pH buffers, tonicity regulators, emulsifiers, wetting agents, etc. .
  • carriers and excipients including but not limited to buffers, carbohydrates, mannitol, polypeptides, amino acids, antioxidants, bacteriostats, chelating agents, suspending agents, thickeners and/or preservatives
  • oils including oils of petroleum, animal, vegetable or
  • excipients examples include starch, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, sodium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, talc, sodium chloride, skim milk powder, glycerol, glycerol , propylene, glycol, water, ethanol, etc.
  • pharmaceutical formulations are substantially free of preservatives.
  • pharmaceutical formulations may contain at least one preservative.
  • a general approach to pharmaceutical dosage forms is found in Ansel et al., Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems (Lippencott, Williams, & Wilkins, Baltimore Md. (1999)). It will be appreciated that while any suitable carrier known to those of ordinary skill in the art may be used to administer the compositions of the present disclosure, the type of carrier may vary depending on the mode of administration.
  • Biodegradable microspheres can also be used as carriers for the pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure. Suitable biodegradable microspheres are disclosed, for example, in US Pat.
  • the compounds can be administered in the form of liposomes or microspheres (or microparticles).
  • Methods of preparation of liposomes and microspheres for administration to a subject are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • US Patent No. 4,789,734 the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference, describes methods of encapsulating biological substances in liposomes. Basically, the substance is dissolved in an aqueous solution, the appropriate phospholipids and lipids are added, along with surfactants if necessary, and the substance is dialyzed or sonicated if necessary.
  • G. Gregoriadis, Chapter 14, “Liposomes,” Drug Carriers in Biology and Medicine, p. 2, Suppl. pp. 87-341 (Academic Press, 1979) provides a review of known methods.
  • Microspheres formed from polymers or polypeptides are well known to those skilled in the art and can be designed to pass through the gastrointestinal tract directly into the bloodstream.
  • the compound can be incorporated and implanted in microspheres or microsphere complexes for slow release over a period of days to months. See, eg, US Patent Nos. 4,906,474, 4,925,673, and 3,625,214 and Jein, TIPS 19:155-157 (1998), the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the concentration of the drug, the pH of the buffer solution, and the isotonicity can be adjusted to be compatible with intraocular or intravitreal injection.
  • Compounds of the disclosure can be formulated as sterile solutions or suspensions in suitable vehicles.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions can be sterilized by conventional, well-known sterilization techniques, or can be sterile filtered.
  • the resulting aqueous solutions can be packaged for use as such or lyophilized, the lyophilized preparation being combined with a sterile solution prior to administration.
  • Suitable formulations and additional carriers are described in Remington "The Science and Practice of Pharmacy" (20th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore MD).
  • An agent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be provided alone or in combination with one or more other agents, or in one or more other forms.
  • a formulation may contain one or more agents in specific proportions depending on the relative potency of each agent and the intended indication. For example, in a composition intended to target two different host targets, and where potency is similar, about a 1:1 ratio of agents may be used.
  • Both forms can be formulated together in the same dosage unit, for example, in one cream, suppository, tablet, capsule, aerosol spray, or powder packet to be dissolved in a drink; or each form can be formulated in In separate units, e.g. two creams, two suppositories, two tablets, two capsules, tablet and liquid for dissolving tablets, two aerosol sprays or powder packets and liquid etc.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts means those salts that retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the agents used in the present disclosure and which are not biologically or otherwise undesirable.
  • Typical salts are salts of inorganic ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium ions and the like.
  • Such salts include combinations with inorganic or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, mandelic acid, malic acid, citric acid , tartaric acid or maleic acid salts.
  • the agent if the agent contains carboxyl or other acidic groups, it can be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt with inorganic or organic bases.
  • suitable bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and the like.
  • esters or amides refer to those esters and amides that retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the agents used in the present disclosure and are not biologically or otherwise undesirable.
  • Typical esters include ethyl esters, methyl esters, isobutyl esters, glycol esters, and the like.
  • Typical amides include unsubstituted amides, alkyl amides, dialkyl amides, and the like.
  • an agent may be administered in combination with one or more other compounds, forms and/or agents, eg, as described above.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more other active agents can be formulated to contain certain molar ratios.
  • the molar ratio of the first active agent to the other active agent can be from about 99:1 to about 1:99.
  • the first active agent:other active agent molar ratio ranges from about 80:20 to about 20:80; from about 75:25 to about 25:75, from about 70:30 to about 30: 70, about 66:33 to about 33:66, about 60:40 to about 40:60; about 50:50; and about 90:10 to about 10:90.
  • the first active agent:other active agent molar ratio can be about 1:9, and in some embodiments can be about 1:1.
  • Two agents, forms and/or compounds may be formulated together in the same dosage unit, for example in one cream, suppository, tablet, capsule or powder pack to be dissolved in a drink; or each agent, Forms and/or compounds formulated in individual units, such as two creams, suppositories, tablets, two capsules, tablet and liquid for dissolving tablet, aerosol spray, powder pack and for dissolving powder liquid etc.
  • agent and/or combination of agents may then be administered with other agents, if necessary or desired.
  • the selection of agents that can be co-administered with the disclosed agents and/or combinations of agents can depend, at least in part, on the condition being treated.
  • An agent may be administered alone or in the form of a pharmaceutical composition in which the active agent is admixed or admixed with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • a pharmaceutical composition as used herein may be any composition prepared for administration to a subject.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions for use in accordance with the present disclosure may be formulated in conventional manner using one or more physiologically acceptable carriers, including excipients, diluents and/or adjuvants which, for example, facilitate the The active agent is processed into a formulation that can be administered. Proper formulation may depend, at least in part, on the chosen route of administration.
  • a variety of routes or modes of administration can be used to deliver an agent for use in the present disclosure, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, to a subject, including oral, buccal, topical, rectal, transdermal, transmucosal, subcutaneous , intravenous, intraocular, intravitreal and intramuscular administration and by inhalation.
  • oils or non-aqueous solvents may be used to bring the agent into solution due to, for example, the presence of a large lipophilic moiety.
  • emulsions, suspensions or other formulations such as liposomal formulations, may be employed.
  • liposome formulations any known method can be used to prepare liposomes for treating diseases. See, eg, Bangham et al., J. Mol. Biol. 23:238-252 (1965) and Szoka et al., Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 75:4194-4198 (1978), incorporated herein by reference.
  • Ligands can also be attached to liposomes to direct these compositions to specific sites of action.
  • Agents of the present disclosure may also be incorporated into food products such as cream cheese, butter, salad dressing, or ice cream to facilitate solubilization, administration, and/or compliance in certain subject populations.
  • the compounds of the present disclosure may be formulated for parenteral administration (e.g., by injection, such as intraocular or intravitreal injection), and may be presented in unit dosage form in ampoules, prefilled syringes, small volume infusion solutions, or as In multi-dose containers with added preservatives.
  • the compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions, or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, for example solutions in aqueous polyethylene glycol.
  • vehicles may be selected from those known in the art to be suitable, including aqueous or oily suspensions or emulsions, as well as sesame, corn, cottonseed or peanut oils, as well as elixirs, mannitol, dextrose, or Sterile aqueous solutions and similar pharmaceutical vehicles.
  • the formulations may also comprise biocompatible biodegradable polymer compositions such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). These substances can be made into microspheres or nanospheres, loaded with drug and further coated or derivatized to provide excellent sustained release properties.
  • Suitable vehicles for periocular or intraocular injection include, for example, suspensions of the therapeutic agent in injection grade water, liposomes, and vehicles suitable for lipophilic substances. Other vehicles for periocular or intraocular injection are well known in the art.
  • the composition is formulated as a pharmaceutical composition suitable for intravenous administration to humans according to conventional procedures.
  • compositions for intravenous administration are solutions in sterile isotonic aqueous buffer.
  • the composition may also include a solubilizer and a local anesthetic such as lidocaine to relieve pain at the injection site.
  • the ingredients are presented alone or mixed together in unit dosage form, for example, as a dry lyophilized powder or a water-free concentrate in a hermetically sealed container, such as an ampoule or sachet indicating the quantity of active agent.
  • the composition may be dispensed with an infusion bottle containing sterile pharmaceutical grade water or saline.
  • an ampoule of sterile water for injection or saline can be provided so that the ingredients can be mixed prior to administration.
  • the active compounds When administered by injection, the active compounds can be formulated in aqueous solutions, especially in physiologically compatible buffers, such as Hanks' solution, Ringer's solution, or physiological saline buffer.
  • the solutions may contain formulatory agents such as suspending, stabilizing and/or dispersing agents.
  • the active compound may be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle, eg sterile pyrogen-free water, before use.
  • the pharmaceutical composition does not contain an adjuvant or any other substance added to enhance the immune response stimulated by the peptide.
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises a substance that suppresses the immune response to the peptide. Formulation methods are known in the art, for example as disclosed in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, latest edition, Mack Publishing Co., Easton P.
  • an ocular disorder can be effectively treated with an ophthalmic solution, suspension, ointment, or insert comprising an agent or combination of agents of the present disclosure.
  • Eye drops can be prepared by dissolving the active ingredient in a sterile aqueous solution such as physiological saline, buffer solution, etc. or by combining powder compositions to be dissolved before use.
  • Other vehicles known in the art can be selected, including but not limited to: balanced salt solution, saline solution, water-soluble polyethers such as polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol and povidone, cellulose derivatives Such as methylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, petroleum derivatives such as mineral oil and white petrolatum, animal fats such as lanolin, polymers of acrylic acid such as carboxypolymethylene gel, vegetable fats such as peanut oil and polysaccharides such as Dextran and glycosaminoglycans such as sodium hyaluronate. Additives commonly used in eye drops can be added if desired.
  • water-soluble polyethers such as polyethylene glycol
  • polyvinyl compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol and povidone
  • cellulose derivatives Such as methylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
  • petroleum derivatives such as mineral oil and white petrolatum
  • animal fats such as lanolin
  • polymers of acrylic acid such as carboxypolym
  • Such additives include isotonic agents (for example, sodium chloride, etc.), buffering agents (for example, boric acid, sodium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.), preservatives (for example, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, chlorobutanol, etc.), thickeners (for example, sugars, such as lactose, mannitol, maltose, etc.; for example, hyaluronic acid or its salts, such as sodium hyaluronate, potassium hyaluronate, etc.; for example, mucopolysaccharide , such as chondroitin sulfate, etc.; for example, sodium polyacrylate, carboxyvinyl polymer, cross-linked polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose
  • compositions of the present invention may be enhanced by surfactants or other suitable co-solvents in the composition.
  • co-solvents include polysorbates 20, 60 and 80; Pluronic F68, F-84 and P-103; cyclodextrins or other agents known to those skilled in the art.
  • co-solvents may be used at levels of about 0.01% to 2% by weight.
  • compositions of the present disclosure may be packaged in multi-dose form.
  • Preservatives may preferably prevent microbial contamination during use. Suitable preservatives include: benzalkonium chloride, thimerosal, chlorobutanol, methylparaben, propylparaben, phenylethyl alcohol, edetate disodium, sorbic acid, Onamer M or those skilled in the art other known agents. In prior art ophthalmic products, such preservatives may be used at levels of 0.004% to 0.02%.
  • preservatives preferably benzalkonium chloride
  • preservatives may be used at levels of from 0.001% to less than 0.01% by weight, such as 0.001% to 0.008% by weight, preferably about 0.005% by weight.
  • a concentration of 0.005% benzalkonium chloride has been found to be sufficient to protect the compositions of the present disclosure from microbial attack.
  • agents of the present disclosure are delivered in a soluble form rather than a suspension, which allows for more rapid and quantitative absorption to the site of action.
  • formulations such as gels, creams, lotions, suppositories, and ointments provide longer exposure to areas of the disclosed agents, while formulations in the form of solutions such as sprays provide more immediate short-term exposure .
  • the compounds of the present disclosure may be releasably attached to biocompatible polymers for use in sustained release formulations for topical, intraocular, periocular or On, in, or attached to the Insert for systemic administration.
  • Controlled release from biocompatible polymers can also be utilized with water soluble polymers to form instillable formulations.
  • Controlled release from biocompatible polymers such as PLGA microspheres or nanospheres can be used in formulations suitable for intraocular implantation or injection for sustained release administration, and any suitable biodegradable and compatible polymers.
  • Item 1 A recombinant nucleic acid comprising (arranged in sequence from the 5' end to the 3' end) a mitochondrial targeting sequence and a mitochondrial protein coding sequence; optionally, the mitochondrial encoded protein encodes an ND4 protein; optionally, the The ND4 protein comprises an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 160.
  • Item 2 The recombinant nucleic acid according to Item 1, characterized in that it comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • Item 3 The recombinant nucleic acid according to Item 1 or 2, comprising at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% of SEQ ID NO: 180 % the same sequence.
  • Item 4 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-3, comprising the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:180.
  • Item 5 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-4, characterized in that it includes a Kozak sequence placed before the 5' end of the mitochondrial targeting sequence; optionally, the Kozak sequence The sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171; optionally, there is no redundant nucleotide between the Kozak sequence and the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • Item 6 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-5, characterized in that it includes an intron sequence; optionally, the intron sequence is placed before the 5' end of the mitochondrial targeting sequence Optionally, the intron sequence is placed before the 5' end of the Kozak sequence; Optionally, the intron sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:170 %, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • Item 7 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-6, characterized in that it includes a promoter sequence; optionally, the promoter sequence is placed in the mitochondrial targeting sequence, the Kozak sequence, and /or before the 5' end of the intron sequence; alternatively, the promoter sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 169, Sequences that are at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical.
  • Item 8 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-7, characterized in that it includes a 3'UTR sequence; optionally, the 3'UTR sequence is placed behind the 3' end of the mitochondrial protein coding sequence Optionally, the 3'UTR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:13 sequence.
  • Item 9 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-8, characterized in that it includes a polyA tail sequence; optionally, the polyA tail sequence is placed between the mitochondrial protein coding sequence and / or after the 3' end of the 3'UTR sequence; optionally, the polyadenylation tail sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 or 173 , at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence; alternatively, the polyadenylation tail sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 95% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:173, At least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • Item 10 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-9, wherein the spacer sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 185 is included between the 3'UTR sequence and the polyA tail sequence Sequences that are at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, or 100% identical.
  • Item 11 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-10, characterized in that,
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1; and/or
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:6.
  • Item 12 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-11, further comprising a first terminal inverted repeat (ITR) sequence and a second ITR sequence; optionally, the first ITR sequence comprises A sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 178, the second ITR sequence comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: The sequence shown in NO: 179 is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence.
  • ITR terminal inverted repeat
  • Item 13 A recombinant nucleic acid comprising (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end):
  • Mitochondrial targeting sequence mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, polyA tail sequence;
  • the polyA tail sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:173 .
  • Item 14 The recombinant nucleic acid according to Item 13, wherein the 3'UTR sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • Item 15 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 9-14, wherein the expression level of the mRNA comprising the mitochondrial protein coding sequence transcribed from the recombinant nucleic acid is higher than that lacking the polyA tail
  • the expression level of the mRNA of the control recombinant nucleic acid of the sequence is high; preferably, at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% higher than the expression level of the control recombinant nucleic acid , at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 100%, at least 150%, at least 200%, or at least 300%.
  • Item 16 The recombinant nucleic acid according to Item 15, wherein the control recombinant nucleic acid is replaced by a sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 172 at the position of the polyA tail sequence; preferably, the recombinant
  • the expression level of mRNA produced by nucleic acid transcription is at least 10%, at least 15%, or at least 20% higher than the expression level of mRNA produced by said control recombinant nucleic acid.
  • Item 17 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 9-16, wherein the expression level of the mitochondrial protein translated from the recombinant nucleic acid is higher than that of a control recombinant nucleic acid lacking the polyA tail sequence
  • the expression level of said mitochondrial protein is high; preferably, the expression level of said mitochondrial protein is at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% higher than that of said control recombinant nucleic acid %, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 100%, at least 150%, at least 200%, or at least 300%.
  • Item 18 The recombinant nucleic acid according to Item 17, wherein the control recombinant nucleic acid is replaced by a sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 172 at the position of the polyA tail sequence; preferably, the recombinant
  • the expression level of the mitochondrial protein produced by nucleic acid translation is at least 10%, at least 15%, or at least 20% higher than the expression level of the mitochondrial protein produced by the control recombinant nucleic acid.
  • Item 19 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 9-18, wherein the length of the polyA tail sequence is no more than 122 base pairs, no more than 125 base pairs, no more than 125 base pairs, no more than More than 130 base pairs, not more than 140 base pairs, not more than 150 base pairs, not more than 160 base pairs, not more than 170 base pairs, not more than 180 base pairs base pairs, not more than 190 base pairs, or not more than 200 base pairs.
  • Item 20 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-19, further comprising a Kozak sequence placed in front of the 5' end of the mitochondrial targeting sequence; optionally, the The Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171; optionally, there is no redundant nucleotide between the Kozak sequence and the mitochondrial targeting sequence.
  • Item 21 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-20, wherein the spacer sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 185 is included between the 3'UTR sequence and the polyA tail sequence Sequences that are at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, or 100% identical.
  • Item 22 A recombinant nucleic acid comprising (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end):
  • the Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO: 171;
  • the 3'UTR sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 13;
  • Item 23 The recombinant nucleic acid according to Item 22, further comprising a polyA tail sequence comprising at least 90% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 172 or 173, At least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • Item 24 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-23, further comprising an intron sequence; optionally, the intron sequence is placed before the 5' end of the Kozak sequence; Optionally, the intron sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 170 .
  • Item 25 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-24, further comprising a promoter sequence; optionally, the promoter sequence comprises at least 90% of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:169 , at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical sequences.
  • Item 26 The recombinant nucleic acid according to Item 25, wherein the promoter sequence is placed in front of the 5' end of the intron sequence.
  • Item 27 A recombinant nucleic acid comprising (arranged sequentially from the 5' end to the 3' end):
  • Promoter sequence intron sequence, Kozak sequence, mitochondrial targeting sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence;
  • the intron sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 170;
  • the sequence also includes a 3'UTR sequence; optionally, the sequence also includes a polyA tail sequence.
  • Item 28 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-27, further comprising a first inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequence and a second ITR sequence; optionally, the first ITR sequence comprises A sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 178, the second ITR sequence comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: The sequence shown in NO: 179 is at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence.
  • ITR inverted terminal repeat
  • Item 29 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-28, wherein there are no redundant nucleotides between the mitochondrial protein coding sequence and the 3'UTR sequence.
  • Item 30 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-29, characterized in that,
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1; and/or
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:6.
  • Item 31 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-30, wherein there are no redundant nucleotides between the mitochondrial targeting sequence and the mitochondrial protein coding sequence.
  • Item 32 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-31, comprising (in order from the 5' end to the 3' end): a first ITR sequence, a promoter sequence, an intron sequence, a Kozak sequence, a mitochondrial target Direction sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, polyadenylic acid tail sequence, second ITR sequence;
  • said first ITR sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 178
  • the promoter sequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 169, which contains The subsequence comprises a sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 170, the Kozak sequence being SEQ ID NO:171,
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% or 100% identical sequence to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 9
  • Item 33 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-32, comprising (in order from the 5' end to the 3' end): a first ITR sequence, a promoter sequence, an intron sequence, a Kozak sequence, a mitochondrial target Direction sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, polyadenylic acid tail sequence, second ITR sequence;
  • the first ITR sequence comprises a sequence at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:178
  • the promoter sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:169 At least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical sequence
  • said intron sequence comprises a sequence at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 170
  • said Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO:171
  • the mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises a sequence at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1
  • the mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises a sequence identical to that of SEQ ID NO:6
  • the sequence shown is at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical
  • the 3'UTR sequence comprises a sequence at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 13
  • the poly A tail sequence comprises at least 99%, at least 99.5% or 100% identical to the sequence shown in S
  • Item 34 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 1-33, comprising (in order from the 5' end to the 3' end): a first ITR sequence, a promoter sequence, an intron sequence, a Kozak sequence, a mitochondrial target Direction sequence, mitochondrial protein coding sequence, 3'UTR sequence, polyadenylic acid tail sequence, second ITR sequence;
  • the first ITR sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:178
  • the promoter sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:169
  • the intron sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:170
  • the sequence of said Kozak sequence is SEQ ID NO:171
  • said mitochondrial targeting sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1
  • said mitochondrial protein coding sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:6
  • said The 3'UTR sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:13
  • the polyadenylation tail sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:173
  • the second ITR sequence comprises the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:179 .
  • Item 35 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of Items 13-34, characterized in that it comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, Sequences that are at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% identical.
  • Item 36 The recombinant nucleic acid according to any one of items 13-34, characterized in that it comprises at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99% of SEQ ID NO: 180 % or 100% identical sequence; preferably, comprises the identical sequence with SEQ ID NO:180.
  • Item 37 A viral vector comprising the recombinant nucleic acid of any one of Items 1-36.
  • Item 38 The viral vector according to Item 37, wherein the viral vector is a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector.
  • rAAV recombinant adeno-associated virus
  • Item 39 The viral vector according to Item 38, wherein the rAAV vector is an rAAV2 vector.
  • Item 40 A pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant nucleic acid of any one of Items 1-36.
  • Item 41 A pharmaceutical composition comprising a viral vector comprising the recombinant nucleic acid of any one of Items 1-36.
  • Item 42 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 41, wherein the viral vector is an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector.
  • AAV adeno-associated virus
  • Item 43 The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Items 40-42, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient thereof.
  • Item 44 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 43, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate, L-histidine Hydrochloride monohydrate, polysorbate 20, NaCl, NaH 2 PO 4 , Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , Poloxamer 188, or any combination thereof.
  • PBS phosphate-buffered saline
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate
  • L-histidine Hydrochloride monohydrate polysorbate 20
  • NaCl NaH 2 PO 4
  • Na 2 HPO 4 Na 2 HPO 4
  • KH 2 PO 4 KH 2 PO 4
  • K 2 HPO 4 Poloxamer 188
  • Item 45 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 43, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate, L-group Amino acid hydrochloride monohydrate, polysorbate 20, NaCl, NaH 2 PO 4 , Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , Poloxamer 188, or any combination thereof.
  • PBS phosphate-buffered saline
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -trehalose dehydrate L-group Amino acid hydrochloride monohydrate
  • polysorbate 20 NaCl, NaH 2 PO 4 , Na 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 , K 2 HPO 4 , Poloxamer 188, or any combination thereof.
  • Item 46 The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Items 43-45, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient includes poloxamer 188.
  • Item 47 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 46, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.0001%-0.01% poloxamer 188.
  • Item 48 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 46, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient comprises 0.001% poloxamer 188.
  • Item 49 The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Items 46-48, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient further comprises one or more salts.
  • Item 50 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 49, wherein the one or more salts include NaCl, Na 2 HPO 4 and KH 2 PO 4 .
  • Item 51 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 50, characterized in that,
  • the concentration of the NaCl is 5-15 mg/mL; preferably, the concentration of the NaCl is 9 mg/mL;
  • the KH2PO4 concentration is 0.1-0.5mg/mL; preferably, the KH2PO4 concentration is 0.144mg/mL; and/or
  • the concentration of the Na2HPO4 is 0.5-1 mg/mL; preferably, the concentration of the Na2HPO4 is 0.795 mg/mL.
  • Item 52 The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Items 40-51, wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is 7.2-7.4.
  • Item 53 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 52, wherein the pH of the pharmaceutical composition is 7.3.
  • Item 54 The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Items 40-53, wherein the viral titer of the pharmaceutical composition is at least 1.0 ⁇ 1010 vg/mL, at least 3.0 ⁇ 1010 vg/mL, at least 6.0 ⁇ 1010 vg /mL.
  • Item 55 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 54, wherein the viral titer of the pharmaceutical composition is at least 9.0 ⁇ 1010 vg/mL.
  • Item 56 The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Items 40-55, when the pharmaceutical composition has undergone five freezing/thawing cycles, compared with the virus titer before the five freezing/thawing cycles, The pharmaceutical composition retains at least 60% of the viral titer.
  • Item 57 Use of a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of Items 40-56 in the preparation of a medicament for treating eye diseases.
  • Item 58 A method of treating an eye disease, comprising administering to a patient an effective dose of the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of items 40-56.
  • Item 59 The use according to Item 57 or the method according to Item 58, wherein the eye disease is Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).
  • LHON Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
  • Item 60 The use or method according to any one of Items 57-59, characterized in that the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intraocular or intravitreal injection.
  • Item 61 The use or method according to Item 60, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is administered by intravitreal injection.
  • Item 62 The use or method according to any one of Items 57-61, characterized in that 0.01-0.1 mL of the pharmaceutical composition is administered in each eye.
  • Item 63 The use or method according to Item 62, wherein 0.045-0.055 mL of the pharmaceutical composition is administered in each eye.
  • Item 64 Use or method according to any one of Items 57-63, characterized in that a dose of at least 1.5 x 109 vg of adeno-associated virus is administered per eye; preferably a dose of at least 3.0 x 109 vg is administered adeno-associated virus.
  • Item 65 The use or method according to any one of Items 57-63, characterized in that the adeno-associated virus is administered in a dose of at least 4.5 ⁇ 10 9 vg per eye.
  • Item 66 The use or method according to any one of items 57-65, further comprising administering a corticosteroid to the patient.
  • Item 67 The use or method according to Item 66, wherein the corticosteroid comprises prednisone or methylprednisone.
  • Item 68 The use or method according to Item 67, wherein the corticosteroid is prednisone.
  • Item 69 The use or method according to any one of Items 66-68, characterized in that the administration of the corticosteroid is started about 2 days before the administration of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • Item 70 The use or method according to any one of Items 66-69, characterized in that the corticosteroid is administered orally.
  • Item 71 Use or method according to any one of Items 66-70, characterized in that administration of said corticosteroid is continued for about 28 days after initiation of administration.
  • Item 72 The use or method according to any one of Items 66-71, characterized in that, after starting the administration of the steroid, it is administered every day, and the administered dose is reduced after each administration for one week.
  • Item 73 The use or method according to any one of Items 66-72, wherein the corticosteroid is administered in an amount of 40 mg daily for one week at the start of administration, and then 30 mg daily , for one week, then 20 mg daily for one week, then 10 mg daily for one week.
  • Item 74 The use or method according to any one of items 57-73, further comprising administering creatine sodium phosphate to the patient.
  • Item 75 The use or method according to Item 74, wherein the sodium creatine phosphate is administered by intravenous injection.
  • Item 76 The use or method according to any one of Items 57-75, characterized in that administration of the pharmaceutical composition results in a higher average visual acuity recovery compared to no administration of the pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant nucleic acid level.
  • mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) COX10 (SEQ ID NO:1) to the coding sequence (SEQ ID NO:6) and 3'UTR sequence (SEQ ID NO:13) of human ND4, and add FLAG before the terminator Labeled peptide, CMV promoter (SEQ ID NO:169) and intron chimeric intron (SEQ ID NO:170) were added at the 5' end, and bGH (SEQ ID NO:172) or SV40 (SEQ ID NO:172) or SV40 (SEQ ID NO:173) polyadenylic acid tail (or not connected polyadenylic acid tail), insert AAV2 plasmid backbone to obtain: pAAV-CMV-ND4-3'Flag-COX10UTR plasmid A ( Figure 3; SEQ ID NO:174), pAAV-CMV-ND4-3'Flag-COX10UTR-bGH plasmid B ( Figure 2; SEQ ID NO:175) and pAAV-CMV-
  • HEK293T cells were trypsinized and counted, and the cells were plated so that the confluence reached 70%-80% on the day of transfection.
  • RNA is mainly in the aqueous phase
  • the volume of the aqueous phase is about 50% of the lysate RZ reagent used. Transfer the aqueous phase to a new tube and proceed to the next step.
  • RNA concentration of RNA was measured by ultra-micro-volume ultraviolet spectrophotometer.
  • Target gene flag amplification primers
  • the melting curve is 55°C ⁇ 95°C, and the temperature rises by 0.5°C every 10s.
  • ND4 The expression of ND4 was detected from the mRNA level, and it was found that the plasmid B pAAV2-CMV-rND4-COX10UTR-bGHPolyA and the plasmid C pAAV2-CMV-rND4-COX10UTR-SV40 were significantly increased compared with the plasmid A pAAV2-CMV-rND4-COX10UTR The abundance of ND4mRNA in HEK293 cells was increased ( Figure 4), and plasmid C was better than plasmid B. The above results indicated that through codon optimization and adding different combinations of post-transcriptional regulatory elements, more ND4 protein could be expressed in cells, and SV40polyA as the polyA tail had a better effect.
  • Embodiment 2 virus packaging and production
  • HEK293T cells with a degree of polymerization above 90% are transferred in a ratio of 1:3.
  • transfection reagent to transfer the target gene plasmid and helper plasmid into HEK293T.
  • the virus was harvested after 72 hours of transfection. With the culture medium, blow down the cells and centrifuge; then harvest the culture supernatant and cell pellet separately. The virus in the medium supernatant was precipitated with PEG8000, and the virus pellet was collected after precipitation overnight.
  • the virus mixture was purified by iodixanol density gradient centrifugation, and then concentrated by an ultrafiltration tube.
  • the excipients of the injection include anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate, anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, water for injection, and poloxamer 188.
  • anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate, anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, and water for injection are used as components of the traditional ophthalmic injection solution prescription PBS, and their practicability and safety have been confirmed.
  • AAV2 virus particles have limited solubility and are prone to aggregation at higher concentrations and repeated freeze-thaw conditions.
  • AAV virus particles have a strong adsorption effect on the surface of the container. Therefore, the applicant added poloxamer 188 to the injection to maintain a relatively stable state for the injection.
  • the New Zealand rabbits were clinically observed, intraocular pressure detected, and general ophthalmological examination were performed. On the 22nd day of the experiment, the experimental New Zealand rabbits were euthanized, gross anatomy and histopathological observation.
  • the viral genome titers in prescription 1 and prescription 2 were detected on day 0, day 1, and day 5, respectively, to compare the stability of the prescriptions.
  • the virus genome titers in prescription 1 and prescription 2 were tested respectively at freeze-thaw 0 times, freeze-thaw 1 time, freeze-thaw 2 times, freeze-thaw 3 times, freeze-thaw 4 times, and freeze-thaw 5 times to compare the stability of the prescriptions sex.
  • Table 6 Test results of virus genome titer in prescription stability experiment (vg/mL)
  • Table 7 Test results of viral genome titer in formulation stability freeze-thaw experiment (vg/mL)
  • the viral genome titer of prescription 1 had a relatively obvious downward trend, and there was no significant change in prescription 2, and the RSD of the viral genome of prescription 1 was 113.25%, and the viral genome titer of prescription 2 The RSD of is 10.53%, so prescription 2 is more stable than prescription 1.
  • the formulations with poloxamer 188 are more stable than those without poloxamer 188.
  • Example 4 A phase 1/2/3, single-arm, multi-center, phase II clinical study evaluating the safety and effectiveness of gene therapy for ND4 mutation-associated Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).
  • This study is a Phase 1/2/3, single-arm, multi-center, Phase II clinical study aimed at evaluating the safety and efficacy of NR082 ophthalmic injection in subjects with ND4 mutation-related LHON.
  • a systemic immunomodulatory regimen that is, oral corticosteroids (prednisone) at prescribed doses for 28 days to prevent or reduce IVT injections with NR082 ophthalmic injection Associated ocular inflammation and possible immune response.
  • the specific prednisone dosing regimen is as follows: starting 2 days before the subject’s injection treatment, administer 40 mg daily for one week, then administer 30 mg daily for one week, then administer 20 mg daily for one week, Then 10 mg is administered daily for one week and then discontinued.
  • the study duration for each subject included a screening period, a 52 ( ⁇ 4) week follow-up period and a 4-year long-term safety follow-up.
  • the study will include the following visits:
  • Visit 1-Visit 6 follow-up (week 2 (day 15) to week 52)
  • Visit 7-Visit 14 Long-term follow-up and end of study (every 6 months, 4 years in total)
  • the maximum study duration per subject was 52 ( ⁇ 4) weeks and 4 years of long-term follow-up, including the screening period.
  • the primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of subjects whose BCVA in the injected eye improved by ⁇ 0.3 LogMAR compared with baseline at 52 ( ⁇ 4) weeks after treatment.
  • Percentages are calculated with the number of subjects in the full analysis set (FAS) as the denominator.
  • n number of cases
  • 95% CI 95% confidence interval
  • the subjects whose best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved ⁇ 0.3 LogMAR compared with the baseline were 1 case (16.7%) and 1 case (16.7%) in the low-dose group at week 2, week 6 and week 12 respectively. 4 cases (66.7%), 4 cases (66.7%), and 4 cases (66.7%) in the high-dose group at the 2nd week, 6th week, and 12th week respectively .
  • Descriptive statistics for continuous variables summarize the change of BCVA (LogMAR) of the injected eye compared with the baseline, and the improvement of the BCVA of the injected eye compared with the lowest value; summarize the visual field parameters (visual field index, average visual field defect value) of the injected eye and the non-injected eye compared with the baseline and pattern standard deviation values), contrast sensitivity parameters, changes in visual evoked potential (VEP) waveform parameters.
  • BCVA best corrected visual acuity.
  • n number of cases; Mean: mean; SD: standard deviation; Median: median; Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value.
  • the BCVA of the low-dose group increased by 0.080LogMAR, 0.103LogMAR, and 0.245LogMAR at the 2nd week, the 6th week, and the 12th week compared with the baseline.
  • the 6th week and the 12th week increased by 0.367LogMAR, 0.338LogMAR, and 0.408LogMAR respectively.
  • n number of cases; Mean: mean; SD: standard deviation; Median: median; Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value.
  • the average change of the visual field index compared with the baseline was that the low-dose group increased by 6.2%, 4.2%, and 6.7% in the second week, the sixth week, and the twelfth week, and the high-dose group increased by 6.2% in the second week.
  • Week 6, and Week 12 increased by 1.0%, 12.2%, and 13.5% respectively.
  • n number of cases; Mean: mean; SD: standard deviation; Median: median; Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value.
  • the average change of the average visual field defect value compared with the baseline is that the low-dose group increased by 2.373dB, 1.507dB, and 2.450dB in the second week, the sixth week, and the twelfth week, and the high-dose group increased by 2.450dB in the second week, the sixth week, and the twelfth week.
  • the 6th week, and the 12th week it increased by 0.688dB, 4.413dB, and 5.130dB, respectively.

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PCT/CN2022/110545 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 用于治疗由于nd4突变造成的莱伯氏遗传性视神经病变的组合物和方法 Ceased WO2023011632A1 (zh)

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AU2022322957A AU2022322957A1 (en) 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 Composition and method for treating leber's hereditary optic neuropathy caused by nd4 mutation
EP22852343.7A EP4382601A4 (en) 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF TREATMENT OF LEBER'S HEREDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY CAUSED BY THE ND4 MUTATION
KR1020247007322A KR20240042489A (ko) 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 Nd4 돌연변이에 의해 야기되는 레베르 유전성 시신경병증을 치료하기 위한 조성물 및 방법
MX2024001597A MX2024001597A (es) 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 Composicion y metodo para el tratamiento de la neuropatia optica hereditaria de leber causada por una mutacion en nd4.
US18/294,582 US20240376164A1 (en) 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 Compositions and methods for treating leber's hereditary optic neuropathy caused by nd4 mutation
JP2024506984A JP2024529033A (ja) 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 Ｎｄ４変異により引き起こされるレーベル遺伝性視神経症を治療するための組成物及び方法
BR112024002305A BR112024002305A2 (pt) 2021-08-06 2022-08-05 Composição e método para tratamento de neuropatia óptica hereditária de leber causada por mutação de nd4
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