WO2023005517A1 - 一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动 - Google Patents

一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023005517A1
WO2023005517A1 PCT/CN2022/100266 CN2022100266W WO2023005517A1 WO 2023005517 A1 WO2023005517 A1 WO 2023005517A1 CN 2022100266 W CN2022100266 W CN 2022100266W WO 2023005517 A1 WO2023005517 A1 WO 2023005517A1
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Prior art keywords
main drive
sliding
shield
shield machine
main
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PCT/CN2022/100266
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张路赛
徐寅
肖军
姜鹏
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中交天和机械设备制造有限公司
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Priority to JP2023500059A priority Critical patent/JP7426537B2/ja
Publication of WO2023005517A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023005517A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0621Shield advancing devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, in particular to a main drive of the shield machine with sliding and self-stopping functions.
  • the cutter head can be repeatedly extended and retracted, and at the same time, the forward and reverse rotation of the cutter head can be supplemented, so as to realize the escape of the shield machine cutter head.
  • shield machine manufacturers at home and abroad generally use a full-ring sliding bearing on the outer side of the circular main drive for shield machines with cutter head telescopic sliding function, so that the main drive has the axial sliding function, and then drives the shield machine.
  • the machine cutter head realizes telescopic sliding.
  • This conventional sliding type main drive requires an independent anti-twist ring at the rear of the main drive, and four sets of anti-twist rings need to be installed on the anti-twist ring.
  • Turn cylinder The base of the anti-rotation cylinder is rigidly connected with the anti-twist ring, and the piston rod end planes of the four sets of anti-rotation cylinders are closely attached to the inner plane of the front shield of the shield machine, so that the rotational torque received by the main drive is transmitted to the shield body , so as to offset the reaction torque when the cutter head rotates and excavates the soil.
  • the main drive of this conventional sliding and anti-twist type shield machine must be provided with an anti-twist ring in terms of design principles and structural types, which makes the structure of the main drive more complicated, and at the same time increases the overall weight of the main drive.
  • the sliding resistance of the main drive is increased.
  • the main drive of the above-mentioned conventional sliding type has the following defects:
  • the anti-torque is transmitted through 4 sets of high-pressure oil cylinders on the anti-twist ring, and the use of high-pressure oil cylinders is equivalent to increasing the production cost of the main drive anti-rotation device. Moreover, the production quality of the high-pressure oil cylinder directly affects the anti-rotation effect of the main drive, which is equivalent to increasing the failure risk point of the anti-rotation device of the main drive.
  • the present invention designs a shield machine main drive with sliding and self-stopping functions to solve the above problems.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine main drive with sliding and self-rotating functions.
  • the main drive has an axial sliding function, and its main drive structure has its own anti-rotation function.
  • the new type of main drive structure is very suitable for the shield machine with the telescopic and sliding function of the cutter head.
  • a shield machine main drive with sliding and self-stopping functions including a non-circular main drive structure
  • the main drive structure is a heavy-duty welded box
  • the box can withstand the reverse thrust and torque transmitted from the cutter head in real time
  • the shield body matches the shape of the main drive structure, and the outer casing of the main drive structure is sleeved
  • the shape of the shield body is matched, and it is in close contact with the inner surface of the shield, so as to transmit the load force of the main drive structure box to the shield body
  • the sliding copper plate is arranged in sections at intervals, between the main drive structure body and the shield body. Sliding copper plates are set between the shields to improve the sliding accuracy of the main drive.
  • the upper and lower ends of the outer box of the main driving structure are planes and both sides are arcuate surfaces.
  • the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the shield are planes and both sides of the inner surface are arcuate surfaces.
  • two sliding copper plates 1 are planarly arranged at the lower end of the main drive structure, which are mainly used to bear the gravity of the main drive and the cutter head, and at the same time bear the reaction torque transmitted to the main drive by the rotation of the cutter head.
  • two quadrant sliding copper plates are arranged on the arc surfaces on both sides of the main driving structure, which are mainly used to control the sliding axis of the main driving to always be in the center of the shield body.
  • two sliding copper plates three are arranged on the upper end of the main driving structure, which are mainly used to bear the reaction torque transmitted to the main driving by the rotation of the cutter head.
  • the advantage is that the present invention cancels the anti-twist ring required for the main drive of the conventional shield machine to stop rotation, thereby simplifying the
  • the structural type of the main drive reduces the overall weight of the main drive and further reduces the sliding resistance of the main drive.
  • the layout of the main drive sliding copper plate of the shield machine is optimized, and the effective bearing capacity per unit area of the main drive sliding copper plate is improved, so the sliding copper plate is effectively reduced without reducing the bearing capacity of the main drive sliding bearing of the shield machine.
  • the overall installation quantity of which further reduces the production cost of the main drive slide.
  • the hydraulic control required for the anti-rotation function of the main drive of the conventional shield machine is transformed into a rigid mechanical control, thereby realizing the real-time performance and stability of the anti-torque response of the main drive of the shield machine, and improving the anti-rotation function of the main drive of the shield machine. reliability.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main drive structure of the conventional sliding type in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of main drive detent in the present invention.
  • a shield machine main drive with sliding and self-stopping functions including a non-circular main drive structure 1, the main drive structure 1 is heavy-duty welding Box body, main drive structure 1.
  • the upper and lower ends of the outer box body are planes and both sides are arc surfaces.
  • the box body is an important load-bearing structural part of the main drive, and it can withstand the reverse thrust and reverse torque transmitted from the cutter head in real time;
  • Shield body 2 the upper and lower ends of the inner surface of the shield body 2 are planes and both sides of the inner surface are arc surfaces, which match the shape of the main drive structure 1, and the shape of the outer casing of the main drive structure 1 In the shield body 2, and in close contact with the inner surface of the shield body 2, so as to transmit the load force of the main drive structure 1 box to the shield body 2;
  • the sliding copper plate 3 is arranged in sections at intervals, A sliding copper plate 3 is set between the drive structure 1 and the shield body 2 to ensure the close contact between the main drive structure 1 and the shield body 2, and at the same time reduce the sliding resistance between the main drive and the shield body 2, and improve the sliding accuracy of the main drive .
  • Two sub-block sliding copper plates 1 3.1 are arranged on the lower end of the main drive structure 1. During the sliding process of the main drive,
  • Two sub-block sliding copper plates 3 3.3 are arranged on the upper end of the main drive structure 1, which are mainly used to bear the counter torque transmitted to the main drive by the rotation of the cutter head.
  • the cutter head rotates and cuts the soil, which will inevitably generate a certain amount of counter torque.
  • the reaction torque will be directly transmitted to the main drive and drive the main drive to rotate around the central axis.
  • Adopting this kind of main drive structure with self-locking function can make the reaction torque transmitted from the cutter head directly be transmitted to the shield body 2 through the upper and lower end planes of the main drive and its sliding copper plate 3, thereby realizing the main drive of the shield machine. Driven self-stopping.
  • the new shield machine main drive sliding and anti-rotation structure involved in the present invention its sliding structure is mainly realized by the sliding copper plates 3 arranged at intervals outside the main drive.
  • the weight of the main drive is mainly borne by the sliding copper plate 3 installed on the lower plane of the main drive, and the sliding copper plate 3 installed in other parts is mainly used to locate the sliding axis of the main drive and improve the sliding accuracy of the main drive.
  • the anti-rotation structure of the main drive of the shield machine mainly uses the non-circular structure of the main drive itself to limit the anti-torque rotation of the main drive by the non-circular structure, thereby realizing the self-stopping function of the main drive.
  • the outside of the main drive of the shield machine in the present invention only needs to arrange several sliding copper plates 3 at intervals, so as to play the role of sliding bearings.
  • the main drive itself has a non-circular structure and has two end planes, upper and lower. After the main drive is installed in the shield body 2, the two end planes are in close contact with the corresponding upper and lower planes in the front shield, so as to play the function of anti-rotation itself.
  • the shield machine using the main drive sliding and anti-rotation structure of the present invention can cancel the anti-twist ring required for the main drive stop rotation of the conventional shield machine because its main drive structure type has the function of self-stop rotation, thereby simplifying the main drive.
  • the structure reduces the overall weight of the main drive and reduces the sliding resistance of the main drive.
  • the sliding load of the main drive is mainly borne by the plane copper plate 3 arranged on the lower plane of the main drive.
  • this main drive sliding structure can convert the bearing contact of the sliding copper plate 3 from the original high secondary line contact to low secondary surface contact, thereby improving the effective bearing capacity per unit area of the main driving sliding copper plate 3 , thereby reducing the overall installation quantity of the sliding copper plate 3 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the main driving sliding device.
  • the shield machine with the main drive sliding and anti-rotation structure of the present invention can cancel the use of the anti-rotation oil cylinder compared with the main drive anti-rotation structure of the conventional shield machine, thereby reducing the production cost of the main drive anti-rotation device and reducing the Risk point for failure of the main drive lock.
  • the shield machine that applies the main drive sliding and anti-twist structure of the present invention because the anti-twist function of the main drive is realized through the contact between the main drive and the rigid structure of the front shield, and the rigid structure contact can provide the shield machine knife stably in real time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,包括非圆形的主驱动结构体(1),主驱动结构体(1)为重载型焊接箱体,箱体作为主驱动的重要承载结构件,实时承受刀盘传过来的反推力和反扭矩;盾体(2),与主驱动结构体(1)形状相配合,主驱动结构体(1)的箱体外部镶套形状相配合的盾体(2)内,并与盾体(2)内表面紧密接触,从而将主驱动结构体(1)箱体的承受的负载力传递到盾体(2);主驱动结构体(1)外箱体的上、下端为平面和两侧为圆弧面;盾体(2)的内表面上、下端为平面和内表面两侧为圆弧面;滑动铜板(3),采用分段间隔布置的方式,在主驱动结构体(1)与盾体(2)之间设置滑动铜板(3),能够提高主驱动的滑动精度、实现主驱动的自止转功能。

Description

一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动 技术领域
本发明涉及盾构机技术领域,具体为一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动。
背景技术
盾构机在掘进过程中难免会遇到刀盘被卡无法转动的情况。对于具备刀盘伸缩滑动功能的盾构机,此时可以通过刀盘反复伸缩的方法,同时辅以刀盘的正反向旋转,从而实现盾构机刀盘的脱困。目前,国内外盾构机厂家针对具备刀盘伸缩滑动功能的盾构机,普遍采用在圆环形主驱动外侧设置整环的滑动轴承,从而使主驱动具备轴向滑动功能,进而带动盾构机刀盘实现伸缩滑动。
技术问题
为了防止圆环形主驱动沿自身中心轴线发生扭转,参见图1,这种常规滑动型式的主驱动需要在主驱动后部设置独立的防扭环,并且需要在防扭环上安装4组止转油缸。该止转油缸的底座与防扭环进行刚性连接,4组止转油缸的活塞杆端平面与盾构机前盾内平面进行紧密贴合,从而将主驱动受到的旋转扭矩传递到盾体上,以此来抵消刀盘旋转开挖土体时的反扭矩。这种常规滑动和防扭转型式的盾构机主驱动,由于在设计原理和结构型式上必须设置防扭环,从而使主驱动的结构变得更加复杂,同时增加了主驱动的整体重量,增大了主驱动的滑动阻力。
上述常规滑动型式的主驱动存在如下的缺陷:
1.为了增加主驱动滑动装置的滑动精度和承载能力,需要在主驱动外侧设置连续成环的滑动轴承(特制铜套),相当于增加了主驱动滑动装置的制作成本。
2.通过防扭环上的4组高压油缸进行反扭矩的传递,采用高压油缸相当于增加了主驱动止转装置的制作成本。而且高压油缸的制作质量直接影响主驱动的止转效果,相当于增加了主驱动止转装置的故障风险点。
3.其4组止转油缸的工作压力和行程控制是主驱动可靠防扭转的关键点,但实际应用中由于油缸内泄、管路泄压等情况,往往会造成4组止转油缸提供的反扭矩不足或频繁波动。
4.当盾构机刀盘工作扭矩瞬态波动增大时,其4组止转油缸的工作压力和伸缩行程难以实时匹配刀盘扭矩变化而及时调整,止转油缸的实际控制速率和控制精度必然会滞后于刀盘工作扭矩的变化,从而使主驱动止转装置无法达到稳固防扭的功能。基于此,本发明设计了一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,以解决上述问题。
技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,主驱动具备轴向滑动功能,同时其主驱动结构型式便具备自身的防扭转功能。该新型式的主驱动结构非常适用于具备刀盘伸缩滑动功能的盾构机。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,包括非圆形的主驱动结构体,主驱动结构体为重载型焊接箱体,该箱体作为主驱动的重要承载结构件,实时承受刀盘传过来的反推力和反扭矩;盾体,其与主驱动结构体形状相配合,所述主驱动结构体的箱体外部镶套形状相配合的盾体内,并与盾体内表面紧密接触,从而将主驱动结构体箱体的承受的负载力传递到盾体;滑动铜板,采用分段间隔布置的方式,在主驱动结构体与盾体之间设置滑动铜板,提高主驱动的滑动精度。
优选的,所述主驱动结构体外箱体的上、下端为平面和两侧为圆弧面。
优选的,所述盾体的内表面上、下端为平面和内表面两侧为圆弧面。
优选的,在所述主驱动结构体下端平面布置两分块滑动铜板一,其主要用于承受主驱动与刀盘的重力,同时承受刀盘旋转而传递给主驱动的反扭矩。
优选的,在所述主驱动结构体两侧圆弧面布置四分块滑动铜板二,其主要用于控制主驱动的滑动轴线始终处于盾体中心。
优选的,在所述主驱动结构体上端平面布置两分块滑动铜板三,其主要用于承受刀盘旋转而传递给主驱动的反扭矩。
有益效果
与目前盾构机市场上普遍采用的常规盾构机主驱动滑动与防扭转结构相比,其优点在于:本发明取消了常规盾构机主驱动止转所需的防扭环,从而简化了主驱动的结构型式,减轻了主驱动的整体重量,进一步减小了主驱动的滑动阻力。
优化了盾构机主驱动滑动铜板的布置型式,提升了主驱动滑动铜板单位面积上的有效承载力,因而在不降低盾构机主驱动滑动轴承承载能力的前提下,有效地减少了滑动铜板的总体安装数量,从而进一步降低了主驱动滑动装置的制作成本。
取消了常规盾构机主驱动止转所需的高压油缸的使用,从而降低了主驱动止转装置的制作成本,减少了主驱动止转装置的故障风险点。
将常规盾构机主驱动止转功能所需的液压控制转变为刚性机械控制,从而实现了盾构机主驱动反扭矩响应的实时性、稳固性,提高了盾构机主驱动防扭转功能的可靠性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术常规滑动型式的主驱动结构示意图;
图2为本发明整体结构示意图;
图3为本发明主驱动止转原理示意图。
附图中,各标号所代表的部件列表如下:
1.主驱动结构体;
2.盾体;
3.滑动铜板,3.1.分块滑动铜板一,3.2.分块滑动铜板二,3.3.分块滑动铜板三。
本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图2.3,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,包括非圆形的主驱动结构体1,主驱动结构体1为重载型焊接箱体,主驱动结构体1外箱体的上、下端为平面和两侧为圆弧面,该箱体作为主驱动的重要承载结构件,实时承受刀盘传过来的反推力和反扭矩;盾体2,盾体2的内表面上、下端为平面和内表面两侧为圆弧面,其与主驱动结构体1形状相配合,主驱动结构体1的箱体外部镶套形状相配合的盾体2内,并与盾体2内表面紧密接触,从而将主驱动结构体1箱体的承受的负载力传递到盾体2;滑动铜板3,采用分段间隔布置的方式,在主驱动结构体1与盾体2之间设置滑动铜板3,确保主驱动结构体1与盾体2的紧密接触,同时减小主驱动与盾体2之间的滑动阻力,提高主驱动的滑动精度。
在主驱动结构体1下端平面布置两分块滑动铜板一3.1,在主驱动的滑动过程中,
其主要用于承受主驱动与刀盘的重力,同时承受刀盘旋转而传递给主驱动的反扭矩。[0031] 在主驱动结构体1两侧圆弧面布置四分块滑动铜板二3.2,其主要用于控制主驱动的滑动轴线始终处于盾体2中心。
在主驱动结构体1上端平面布置两分块滑动铜板三3.3,其主要用于承受刀盘旋转而传递给主驱动的反扭矩。
盾构机在工作过程中,其刀盘旋转切削土体必然会产生一定的反扭矩。该反扭矩会直接传递到主驱动上并带动主驱动发生绕中心轴的旋转。采用这种具备自止转功能的主驱动结构,可以使从刀盘传递而来的反扭矩直接经由主驱动的上、下端平面及其滑动铜板3传递给盾体2,从而实现盾构机主驱动的自止转。
本发明所涉及的新型盾构机主驱动滑动与防扭转结构,其滑动结构主要通过主驱动外侧间隔布置的滑动铜板3来实现。主驱动的重量主要由安装在主驱动下端平面上的滑动铜板3来承受,其余部位安装的滑动铜板3主要用来定位主驱动的滑动轴线,提高主驱动的滑动精度。
该盾构机主驱动防扭转结构,主要通过利用其主驱动自身结构非圆形的特点,使主驱动受到的反扭矩转动由非圆形结构来限制,从而实现主驱动的自止转功能。
本发明盾构机主驱动外侧只需间隔布置若干滑动铜板3,从而起到滑动轴承的作用。同时由于该主驱动自身结构非圆形,且具备上、下两个端平面。在主驱动安装到盾体2内之后,这两个端平面与前盾内对应的上、下两平面进行紧密贴合,从而起到自身防扭转的功能。
应用本发明主驱动滑动与防扭转结构的盾构机,由于其主驱动结构型式具备自止转功能,因此可以取消常规盾构机主驱动止转所需的防扭环,从而简化了主驱动的结构,减轻了主驱动的整体重量,减小了主驱动的滑动阻力。
应用本发明主驱动滑动与防扭转结构的盾构机,其主驱动的滑动承载主要通过设置在主驱动下平面上的平面铜板3承受,相比常规盾构机主驱动滑动承载所需的圆环形铜板3而言,这种主驱动滑动结构可以将滑动铜板3的承载接触由原来的高副线接触转换为低副面接触,从而提升了主驱动滑动铜板3单位面积上的有效承载力,进而可以减少滑动铜板3的总体安装数量,降低主驱动滑动装置的制作成本。
应用本发明主驱动滑动与防扭转结构的盾构机,相比常规盾构机主驱动止转结构而言可以取消止转油缸的使用,从而降低了主驱动止转装置的制作成本,减少了主驱动止转装置的故障风险点。
应用本发明主驱动滑动与防扭转结构的盾构机,由于其主驱动的防扭转功能通过主驱动与前盾的刚性结构接触来实现,而刚性结构接触可以实时且稳固地提供盾构机刀盘工作时的反扭矩,从而可靠地实现主驱动的防扭转。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,其特征在于:包括:
    非圆形的主驱动结构体(1),主驱动结构体(1)为重载型焊接箱体,该箱体作为主驱动的重要承载结构件,实时承受刀盘传过来的反推力和反扭矩;
    盾体(2),其与主驱动结构体(1)形状相配合,所述主驱动结构体(1)的箱体外部镶套形状相配合的盾体(2)内,并与盾体(2)内表面紧密接触,从而将主驱动结构体(1)箱体的承受的负载力传递到盾体(2);
    所述主驱动结构体(1)外箱体的上、下端为平面和两侧为圆弧面;所述盾体(2)的内表面上、下端为平面和内表面两侧为圆弧面;
    滑动铜板(3),采用分段间隔布置的方式,在主驱动结构体(1)与盾体(2)之间设置滑动铜板(3),提高主驱动的滑动精度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,其特征在于:在所述主驱动结构体(1)下端平面布置两分块滑动铜板一(3.1),其用于承受主驱动与刀盘的重力,同时承受刀盘旋转而传递给主驱动的反扭矩。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,其特征在于: 在所述主驱动结构体(1)两侧圆弧面布置四分块滑动铜板二(3.2),其用于控制主驱动的滑动轴线始终处于盾体(2)中心。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具备滑动和自止转功能的盾构机主驱动,其特征在于:在所述主驱动结构体(1)上端平面布置两分块滑动铜板三(3.3),其用于承受刀盘旋转而传递给主驱动的反扭矩。
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