WO2023005015A1 - 一种轨道车辆制动系统和轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法 - Google Patents

一种轨道车辆制动系统和轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法 Download PDF

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WO2023005015A1
WO2023005015A1 PCT/CN2021/126308 CN2021126308W WO2023005015A1 WO 2023005015 A1 WO2023005015 A1 WO 2023005015A1 CN 2021126308 W CN2021126308 W CN 2021126308W WO 2023005015 A1 WO2023005015 A1 WO 2023005015A1
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Prior art keywords
braking
signal
unit
master
slave
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PCT/CN2021/126308
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孟繁辉
高靖添
杨再保
王雯
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中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202110873546.8A external-priority patent/CN113415264B/zh
Application filed by 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 filed Critical 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023005015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023005015A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B60T7/22—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger initiated by contact of vehicle, e.g. bumper, with an external object, e.g. another vehicle, or by means of contactless obstacle detectors mounted on the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, in particular to a rail vehicle braking system and a monitoring method for the rail vehicle braking system.
  • Unmanned rail vehicles are currently the main research direction for the development of rail vehicles.
  • the acceleration, deceleration and parking of unmanned rail vehicles are all controlled by the signal system.
  • the deceleration and parking of unmanned rail vehicles are usually carried out by controlling multiple brake devices through the signal system, and if one or more brake devices fail, the deceleration function of the rail vehicle will be damaged, which may cause the rail vehicle
  • the deceleration demand issued by the signal system cannot be met, so that the braking deceleration and braking distance are inconsistent with the expected calculation, which will eventually cause the rail vehicle to overshoot the mark and even cause a safety accident.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail vehicle braking system capable of real-time monitoring of whether there is a fault in the braking device.
  • the present invention provides a rail vehicle braking system, which includes several braking units and signal systems, and the braking unit includes a master braking device capable of controlling the rail vehicle to perform braking and several slave braking devices.
  • the master braking device can monitor and count the total number of faults that cannot be braked in all the master brake devices and the slave brake devices, if the total number of faults is not less than the first preset number , then send a fault signal to the signal system, and the signal system can control each of the braking units to perform emergency braking.
  • the main control braking device when the main control braking device detects that the total number of faults is not less than the first preset number, it will send a fault signal to the signal system, and the signal system can control each brake unit to perform emergency braking, so that the rail vehicle stops in an emergency and prevents the A vehicle accident occurred.
  • the master braking device can be electrically connected to each of the slave braking devices in the braking unit through a unit control line, and detects and counts whether the master braking device in the braking unit The number of unit failures that fail to brake in the braking unit and all said subordinate braking units.
  • the main control braking device can be electrically connected to the main control braking devices in other braking units through a master control line, and send the unit failure numbers to each other through the master control line, To count the total number of faults.
  • each of the main control braking devices is electrically connected to the signal system through a signal line, and can send a fault signal to the signal system through the signal line.
  • the master braking device can be electrically connected to each of the slave braking devices in the braking unit through a unit control line, and the signal line is connected to the Between any of the slave braking devices in the braking unit and the signal system, the master braking device can control the slave braking device connected to the signal line through the unit control line, A fault signal is sent to the signaling system.
  • the signal system is electrically connected to each of the master brake devices and each of the slave brake devices through brake control lines, and can send signals to each of the master brake devices through the brake control lines.
  • the device and each of the slave braking devices send braking signals to make the rail vehicle perform emergency braking.
  • the present invention also provides a monitoring method for a rail vehicle braking system, based on the rail vehicle braking system described above, the specific method is as follows: when the rail vehicle is running, each main control braking device continuously monitors all the main control The operating status of the braking device and the subordinate braking device, if it is found that there is a faulty braking device that cannot be braked, the total fault number of the faulty master braking device and the subordinate braking device is counted, and compared with Compared with the first preset number, if the total number of faults is not less than the first preset number, a fault signal is sent to the signal system, and the signal system controls each of the braking units to perform an emergency operation after receiving the fault signal. brake.
  • each master braking device continuously detects the operating status of the master braking device and the slave braking device in the braking unit through the unit control line. If there is a faulty brake device that activates, count the number of unit failures of the master brake device and the slave brake device that are faulty in the brake unit, and each master brake device communicates with each other through the master control line.
  • each of the main control braking devices compares the total number of failures counted with the first preset number, if the total number of failures is not If the number is less than the first preset number, a fault signal is sent to the signaling system, and the signaling system controls each of the braking units to perform emergency braking after receiving the fault signal.
  • each of the master braking devices can only continuously detect the master brake device and all the brake devices in the braking unit through the unit control line.
  • the running state of the slave braking device and count the number of unit failures of the master braking device and the slave braking device that are faulty in the braking unit; each of the master braking devices respectively
  • the number of unit failures is compared with the second preset number. If the number of unit failures is not less than the second preset number, a failure signal is sent to the signaling system, and the signaling system controls each of the units after receiving the failure signal. drive unit for emergency braking.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rail vehicle braking system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 brake unit 11 master brake device, 12 slave brake device, 2 signal system, 3 main control line, 4 unit control line, 5 signal line, 6 brake control line.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rail vehicle braking system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a rail vehicle braking system, which includes several braking units 1 and a signal system 2.
  • the braking unit 1 includes a master braking device 11 capable of controlling the rail vehicle to perform braking and several slave braking devices 12.
  • the control brake device 11 can monitor and count the total number of faults that cannot be braked in all the master brake devices 11 and slave brake devices 12, and if the total fault number is not less than the first preset number, then send a fault to the signal system 2 signal, the signal system 2 can control each braking unit 1 to perform emergency braking.
  • the main control braking device 11 detects that the total number of faults is not less than the first preset number, it sends a fault signal to the signal system 2, and the signal system 2 can control each brake unit 1 to perform emergency braking, so that the rail vehicle emergency Stop to prevent safety accidents on rail vehicles.
  • the first preset number refers to that the rail vehicle performs emergency braking and deceleration under the most unfavorable conditions, and under the condition that all the master brake devices 11 and slave brake devices 12 with normal functions all play a role, the number of rail vehicles
  • the maximum number of master brake devices 11 and slave brake devices 12 that cannot be braked is allowed, that is, when the rail vehicle has master brake devices 11 and slave brake devices that cannot brake beyond the first preset number value
  • the rail vehicle will not be able to meet the emergency braking and deceleration requirements under the most unfavorable conditions; in order to further improve the safety of the rail vehicle, when the rail vehicle has a master braking device equal to the first preset number of values that cannot be braked 11 and the slave brake device 12, although the rail vehicle can still perform emergency braking normally, if there is another master brake device 11 and slave brake device 12 that cannot be braked in the rail vehicle, it cannot meet the most unfavorable requirements.
  • Emergency braking and deceleration requirements under certain conditions, so
  • the signal system 2 After the signal system 2 receives the fault signal, it can only obtain the fault information of the braking system of the rail vehicle, without immediately controlling each braking unit 1 to perform emergency braking. Specifically, when to perform emergency braking, It is also necessary to judge factors such as the location of the current line section of the rail vehicle and whether it is currently suitable for emergency parking, so as to prevent other safety accidents caused by emergency parking at an incorrect location.
  • each braking unit 1 includes a master braking device 11 and two slave braking devices 12.
  • the above-mentioned numbers are only for convenience The connection relationship between the various components will be described. In practical applications, the number of braking units 1 and the number of subordinate braking devices 12 in each braking unit 1 should be set according to specific parameters such as the number of carriages of the rail vehicle. , the present invention does not limit this.
  • the master braking device 11 can be electrically connected with each slave braking device 12 in the braking unit 1 through the unit control line 4, and detect and count the master braking device 11 and the braking device in the braking unit 1. The number of unit failures that fail to brake in all slave braking devices 12 .
  • the unit control line 4 is connected to the same brake unit 1, the master brake device 11 and all the slave brake devices 12, so that the master brake device 11 can monitor the brake unit 1, Control the operating status of the master brake device 11 and each slave brake device 12, and determine whether the master brake device 11 and each slave brake device 12 have failures that cannot be braked, and finally count the unit faults of the brake unit 1 quantity.
  • the main control braking device 11 can be electrically connected to the main control braking device 11 in other braking units 1 through the main control line 3, and the number of unit failures can be sent to each other through the main control line 3 to count the total number of failures .
  • the main control line 3 covers all the braking units 1, and only the main control braking device 11 in each braking unit 1 can be connected to it. , and independently count and calculate the total number of faults.
  • each master braking device 11 is electrically connected to the signal system 2 through the signal line 5 , and can send a fault signal to the signal system 2 through the signal line 5 .
  • each main control braking device 11 When each main control braking device 11 detects that the total number of faults is not less than the first preset number, it can send a fault signal to the signal system 2 through the signal line 5, so that the signal system 2 controls each braking unit 1 to the rail vehicle Apply emergency braking. It should be noted that the statistics, calculation and detection of each main control braking device 11 are independent, as long as any one of each main control braking device 11 sends a fault signal to the signal system 2, the signal system 2 can respond to the fault signal, Emergency braking of rail vehicles.
  • the signal line 5 is connected between any slave braking device 12 in the braking unit 1 where the main control braking device 11 is located and the signal system 2, and the main control braking device 11 can be controlled by the unit control line 4 to connect with The slave braking device 12 of the signal line 5 indirectly sends a fault signal to the signaling system 2 .
  • the signal line 5 can also be directly connected between the master brake device 11 and the signal system 2, and its specific connection position should be based on the vacant positions of the output interfaces of the master brake device 11 and the slave brake device 12 in practical applications. , and the rail vehicle’s own circuit connection, etc., which are not limited in the present invention, as long as the main control braking device 11 can send a fault signal to the signaling system 2 .
  • each brake unit 1 can also be connected to the signal system 2 through two or more signal lines 5 connected to different master brake devices 11 and slave brake devices 12, and the master brake device 11 is connected to the signal system 2 through each signal wire.
  • 5 can directly or indirectly send a fault signal to the signal system 2, preventing the signal system 2 from being unable to receive the fault signal of the connected braking unit 1 after a signal line 5 fails, and further improving the safety of the braking system.
  • the signal system 2 is electrically connected to each master brake device 11 and each slave brake device 12 through the brake control line 6, and can send signals to each master brake device 11 and each slave brake device 12 through the brake control line 6.
  • the braking device 12 sends a braking signal to make the rail vehicle perform emergency braking.
  • the signal system 2 When the signal system 2 receives a fault signal, it can control all the master brake devices 11 and slave brake devices 12 through the brake control line 6 to perform emergency braking to prevent safety accidents on rail vehicles.
  • the present invention also provides a monitoring method for a rail vehicle braking system, based on the rail vehicle braking system described above, the specific method is as follows:
  • each master braking device 11 When the rail vehicle is running normally, each master braking device 11 continuously detects the operating status of the master braking device 11 and the slave braking device 12 in the braking unit 1 through the unit control line 4. If there is a faulty brake device that activates, then count the number of unit failures of the master brake device 11 and the slave brake device 12 that are faulty in the brake unit 1, and each master brake device 11 sends and receives each other through the master control line 3 unit faults, and count the total faults respectively, and finally each main control braking device 11 will compare the total faults counted with the first preset number, if the total faults are not less than the first preset number, then pass the signal Line 5 sends a fault signal to signal system 2, and after receiving the fault signal, signal system 2 controls each brake unit 1 to perform emergency braking through brake control line 6, so as to prevent safety accidents of rail vehicles.
  • each master braking device 11 can only continuously detect the status of the master braking device 11 and the slave braking device 12 in the braking unit 1 through the unit control line 4. running state, and count the number of unit failures of the master brake device 11 and the slave brake device 12 that are faulty in the brake unit 1; each master brake device 11 compares the number of unit failures with the second preset number, If the number of unit faults is not less than the second preset number, a fault signal is sent to the signal system 2 through the signal line 5, and after the signal system 2 receives the fault signal, it controls each brake unit 1 to perform emergency braking through the brake control line 6 to prevent safety accidents on rail vehicles.
  • the first preset number described above is divided by the number of braking units 1, which is the second preset number.
  • the second preset amount is calculated as a decimal, it is rounded down to the nearest integer to further improve security.
  • the rail vehicle includes two braking units 1, when the first preset number is four, then the second preset number is calculated to be two without rounding down, that is, as long as the master braking device 11 detects
  • the number of unit failures of the braking unit 1 is not less than two, the total number of failures is not less than four. Therefore, it is necessary to send a failure signal to the signal system 2 to make the rail vehicle perform emergency braking.
  • the rail vehicle includes three brake units 1, when the first preset number is seven, the second preset number is calculated as a decimal, rounded down to two, that is, as long as the main control brake device 11 detects that the When the number of unit failures of the braking unit 1 is not less than two, the total number of failures may be close to or not less than seven. In order to ensure the safety of the rail vehicle, it is necessary to send a fault signal to the signal system 2 at this time, so that the rail vehicle Emergency braking.
  • the second preset number is 1, that is, when the main control line 3 is disconnected due to an accident on the rail vehicle, as long as the main control braking device 11 detects that there is a faulty braking device in the braking unit 1 , then directly send a fault signal to the signal system 2 through the signal line 5, so that the rail vehicle brakes urgently.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种轨道车辆制动系统，包括若干制动单元（1）和信号系统（2），制动单元（1）包括能够控制轨道车辆进行制动的主控制动装置（11）和若干从属制动装置（12），主控制动装置（11）能够监测并统计全部主控制动装置（11）和从属制动装置（12）中无法制动的总故障数量，若总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则向信号系统（2）发送故障信号，信号系统（2）能够控制各制动单元（1）进行紧急制动。采用如上结构，当主控制动装置检测到总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则向信号系统发送故障信号，信号系统能够控制各制动单元进行紧急制动，使轨道车辆紧急停车，防止轨道车辆发生安全事故。还提供了一种轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法。

Description

一种轨道车辆制动系统和轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法
本申请要求于2021年07月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110873546.8、发明名称为“一种轨道车辆制动系统和轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法”，以及于2021年07月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202121770897.8、发明名称为“一种轨道车辆制动系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及轨道车辆技术领域，具体涉及一种轨道车辆制动系统和轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法。
背景技术
无人驾驶轨道车辆是目前轨道车辆发展的主要研究方向，无人驾驶轨道车辆的加速、减速和驻停均通过信号系统进行控制。
无人驾驶轨道车辆的减速和驻停通常通过信号系统控制多个制动装置来进行，而若某个或多个制动装置出现故障，会使轨道车辆的减速功能受损，可能导致轨道车辆无法满足信号系统发出的减速需求，使制动减速度和制动距离与预期计算出的不一致，最终导致轨道车辆冲标，甚至发生安全事故。
因此，如何提供一种能够实时监控制动装置是否存在故障的轨道车辆制动系统，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够实时监控制动装置是否存在故障的轨道车辆制动系统。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种轨道车辆制动系统，包括若干制动单元和信号系统，所述制动单元包括能够控制轨道车辆进行制动的主控制动装置和若干从属制动装置，所述主控制动装置能够监测并统计全部 所述主控制动装置和所述从属制动装置中无法制动的总故障数量，若所述总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则向所述信号系统发送故障信号，所述信号系统能够控制各所述制动单元进行紧急制动。
采用如上结构，当主控制动装置检测到总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则向信号系统发送故障信号，信号系统能够控制各制动单元进行紧急制动，使轨道车辆紧急停车，防止轨道车辆发生安全事故。
可选地，所述主控制动装置能够通过单元控制线与所在所述制动单元内的各所述从属制动装置电气连接，并检测、统计所在所述制动单元内所述主控制动装置和全部所述从属制动装置中无法制动的单元故障数量。
可选地，所述主控制动装置能够通过总控制线与其他所述制动单元内的所述主控制动装置电气连接，并通过所述总控制线相互发送所述单元故障数量，以统计所述总故障数量。
可选地，各所述主控制动装置均通过信号线与所述信号系统电气连接，并能够通过所述信号线向所述信号系统发送故障信号。
可选地，所述主控制动装置能够通过单元控制线与所在所述制动单元内的各所述从属制动装置电气连接，所述信号线连接于所述主控制动装置所在的所述制动单元中任意所述从属制动装置和所述信号系统之间，所述主控制动装置能够通过所述单元控制线控制连接有所述信号线的所述从属制动装置，向所述信号系统发送故障信号。
可选地，所述信号系统通过制动控制线与各所述主控制动装置和各所述从属制动装置电气连接，并能够通过所述制动控制线向各所述主控制动装置和各所述从属制动装置发送制动信号，使所述轨道车辆进行紧急制动。
本发明还提供一种轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法，基于上文所描述的轨道车辆制动系统，具体方法如下：当轨道车辆运行时，各主控制动装置持续监测全部所述主控制动装置和从属制动装置的运行状态，若发现其中存在无法制动的故障制动装置，则统计故障的所述主控制动装置和所述从属制动装置的总故障数量，并与第一预设数量相对比，若所述总故障数量不小于所述第一预设数量，则向信号系统发送故障信号，所述信号系统收到故障信号后控制各所述制动单元进行紧急制动。
可选地，当轨道车辆运行时，各主控制动装置通过单元控制线持续检测所在制动单元内的所述主控制动装置和从属制动装置的运行状态，若发现其中存在无法制动的故障制动装置，则统计所在所述制动单元内故障的所述主控制动装置和所述从属制动装置的单元故障数量，各所述主控制动装置通过总控制线相互发送和接收所述单元故障数量，并各自统计总故障数量，最终各所述主控制动装置将统计出的所述总故障数量与第一预设数量相对比，若所述总故障数量不小于所述第一预设数量，则向信号系统发送故障信号，所述信号系统收到故障信号后控制各所述制动单元进行紧急制动。
可选地，当所述总控制线意外断开时，各所述主控制动装置仅能够通过所述单元控制线持续检测所在所述制动单元内的所述主控制动装置和所述从属制动装置的运行状态，并统计所在所述制动单元内故障的所述主控制动装置和所述从属制动装置的单元故障数量；各所述主控制动装置分别将所述单元故障数量与第二预设数量对比，若所述单元故障数量不小于所述第二预设数量，则向信号系统发送故障信号，所述信号系统收到故障信号后控制各所述制动单元进行紧急制动。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例所提供轨道车辆制动系统的示意图。
图1中的附图标记说明如下：
1制动单元、11主控制动装置、12从属制动装置、2信号系统、3总控制线、4单元控制线、5信号线、6制动控制线。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图1，图1是本发明实施例所提供轨道车辆制动系统的示意图。
本发明提供一种轨道车辆制动系统，包括若干制动单元1和信号系统2，制动单元1包括能够控制轨道车辆进行制动的主控制动装置11和若干从属制动装置12，主控制动装置11能够监测并统计全部主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12中无法制动的总故障数量，若总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则向信号系统2发送故障信号，信号系统2能够控制各制动单元1进行紧急制动。
采用如上结构，当主控制动装置11检测到总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则向信号系统2发送故障信号，信号系统2能够控制各制动单元1进行紧急制动，使轨道车辆紧急停车，防止轨道车辆发生安全事故。
其中，第一预设数量是指，轨道车辆在最不利的条件下进行紧急制动减速，全部功能正常的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12均发挥作用的情况下，轨道车辆所允许存在的无法制动的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12的最大数量，即当轨道车辆存在超过第一预设数量数值的无法制动的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12时，轨道车辆将无法满足最不利条件下的紧急制动减速需求；为进一步提高轨道车辆的安全性，当轨道车辆存在等于第一预设数量数值的无法制动的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12时，虽然轨道车辆仍能够正常进行紧急制动，但若轨道车辆中再存在一个无法制动的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12，便无法满足最不利条件下的紧急制动减速需求，因此该情况也需向信号系统2发送故障信号，防止轨道车辆发生安全事故。
另外需要说明，信号系统2收到故障信号后，仅是能够得到轨道车辆的制动系统存在故障的信息，而无需立刻控制各制动单元1进行紧急制动，具体何时进行紧急制动，还需对轨道车辆当前所在线路区段位置和当前是否适合紧急停车等因素进行判断，以防在不正确位置紧急停车引发其他安全事故。
本实施例所提供的轨道车辆制动系统中，包括两个制动单元1，各制动单元1中包括一个主控制动装置11和两个从属制动装置12，上述数量仅是便于对各部件之间的连接关系进行说明，在实际应用中，制动单元1的数量以及各制动单元1中从属制动装置12的数量，应根据轨道车辆所具有的车厢数量等具体参数进行设置，本发明对此不做限定。
本实施例中主控制动装置11能够通过单元控制线4与所在制动单元1内的各从属制动装置12电气连接，并检测、统计所在制动单元1内主控制动装置11和全部从属制动装置12中无法制动的单元故障数量。
具体如图1所示，单元控制线4连接同一制动单元1内、主控制动装置11和全部从属制动装置12，以使主控制动装置11能够监测所在制动单元1内、主控制动装置11和各从属制动装置12的运行状态，并确定主控制动装置11和各从属制动装置12是否存在无法制动的故障，最终统计所在制动单元1的单元故障数量。
本实施例中主控制动装置11能够通过总控制线3与其他制动单元1内的主控制动装置11电气连接，并通过总控制线3相互发送单元故障数量，以统计总故障数量。
总控制线3覆盖全部制动单元1，仅有各制动单元1中的主控制动装置11能够与之连接，各主控制动装置11通过总控制线3发送和结构各自单元故障数量，并分别独立统计、计算总故障数量。
本实施例中各主控制动装置11均通过信号线5与信号系统2电气连接，并能够通过信号线5向信号系统2发送故障信号。
当各主控制动装置11检测到总故障数量不小于第一预设数量时，即可通过信号线5向信号系统2发送故障信号，以使信号系统2控制各制动单元1对轨道车辆进行紧急制动。需要注意，各主控制动装置11的统计、计算和检测均是独立的，只要各主控制动装置11中的任一个对信号系统2发出故障信号，信号系统2均能够响应故障信号，使轨道车辆进行紧急制动。
本实施例中信号线5连接于主控制动装置11所在的制动单元1中任意从属制动装置12和信号系统2之间，主控制动装置11能够通过单元控制线4控制连接有信号线5的从属制动装置12，间接向信号系统2发送故障信号。
可以理解，信号线5还可以直接连接于主控制动装置11与信号系统2之间，其具体连接位置应根据实际应用中主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12的输出接口空余位置，以及轨道车辆自身电路连接情况等进行设置，本发明对此不做限定，只要主控制动装置11能够向信号系统2发送故障信号 即可。
另外，各制动单元1还可以通过两条或多条连接于不同主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12的信号线5与信号系统2连接，主控制动装置11通过各信号线5均能够直接或间接的向信号系统2发送故障信号，防止一条信号线5发生故障后信号系统2便无法收到所连接制动单元1的故障信号，进一步提高制动系统的安全性。
本实施例中信号系统2通过制动控制线6与各主控制动装置11和各从属制动装置12电气连接，并能够通过制动控制线6向各主控制动装置11和各从属制动装置12发送制动信号，使轨道车辆进行紧急制动。
当信号系统2收到故障信号时，便能够通过制动控制线6控制全部主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12进行紧急制动，防止轨道车辆发生安全事故。
本发明还提供一种轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法，基于上文所描述的轨道车辆制动系统，具体方法如下：
当轨道车辆正常运行时，各主控制动装置11通过单元控制线4持续检测所在制动单元1内的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12的运行状态，若发现其中存在无法制动的故障制动装置，则统计所在制动单元1内故障的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12的单元故障数量，各主控制动装置11通过总控制线3相互发送和接收单元故障数量，并各自统计总故障数量，最终各主控制动装置11将统计出的总故障数量与第一预设数量相对比，若总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则通过信号线5向信号系统2发送故障信号，信号系统2收到故障信号后通过制动控制线6控制各制动单元1进行紧急制动，以防止轨道车辆出现安全事故。
当轨道车辆发生意外导致总控制线3断开时，各主控制动装置11仅能够通过单元控制线4持续检测所在制动单元1内的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12的运行状态，并统计所在制动单元1内故障的主控制动装置11和从属制动装置12的单元故障数量；各主控制动装置11分别将单元故障数量与第二预设数量对比，若单元故障数量不小于第二预设数量，则通过信号线5向信号系统2发送故障信号，信号系统2收到故障信号后，便通过制动控制线6控制各制动单元1进行紧急制动，以防止轨道车辆出现 安全事故。
需要说明，当轨道车辆发生意外导致总控制线3断开时，由于主控制动装置11无法与其他制动单元1内的主控制动装置11互相发送、接收信号，便无法判断其他制动单元1的单元故障数量，在该种情况下，上文所描述的第一预设数量除以制动单元1的数量，即为第二预设数量。当然，若第二预设数量计算出为小数，则向下取整为最接近的整数，以进一步提高安全性。
例如，若轨道车辆包括两个制动单元1，当第一预设数量为四时，则计算出第二预设数量为二，无需向下取整，即只要主控制动装置11检测到所在制动单元1的单元故障数量不小于二时，便存在总故障数量不小于四的情况，因此需要向信号系统2发送故障信号，使轨道车辆进行紧急制动。
若轨道车辆包括三个制动单元1，当第一预设数量为七时，则计算出第二预设数量为小数，向下取整为二，即只要主控制动装置11检测到所在制动单元1的单元故障数量不小于二时，便存在总故障数量接近或不小于七的情况，为保证轨道车辆的安全性，此时便需要向信号系统2发送故障信号，使轨道车辆进行紧急制动。
在本实施例中，第二预设数量为1，即当轨道车辆发生意外导致总控制线3断开时，只要主控制动装置11监测到所在制动单元1内存在一个故障制动装置，则直接通过信号线5向信号系统2发送故障信号，以使轨道车辆紧急制动。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于：包括若干制动单元(1)和信号系统(2)，所述制动单元(1)包括能够控制轨道车辆进行制动的主控制动装置(11)和若干从属制动装置(12)，所述主控制动装置(11)能够监测并统计全部所述主控制动装置(11)和所述从属制动装置(12)中无法制动的总故障数量，若所述总故障数量不小于第一预设数量，则向所述信号系统(2)发送故障信号，所述信号系统(2)能够控制各所述制动单元(1)进行紧急制动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于：所述主控制动装置(11)能够通过单元控制线(4)与所在所述制动单元(1)内的各所述从属制动装置(12)电气连接，并检测、统计所在所述制动单元(1)内所述主控制动装置(11)和全部所述从属制动装置(12)中无法制动的单元故障数量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于：所述主控制动装置(11)能够通过总控制线(3)与其他所述制动单元(1)内的所述主控制动装置(11)电气连接，并通过所述总控制线(3)相互发送所述单元故障数量，以统计所述总故障数量。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于：各所述主控制动装置(11)均通过信号线(5)与所述信号系统(2)电气连接，并能够通过所述信号线(5)向所述信号系统(2)发送故障信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于：所述主控制动装置(11)能够通过单元控制线(4)与所在所述制动单元(1)内的各所述从属制动装置(12)电气连接，所述信号线(5)连接于所述主控制动装置(11)所在的所述制动单元(1)中任意所述从属制动装置(12)和所述信号系统(2)之间，所述主控制动装置(11)能够通过所述单元控制线(4)控制连接有所述信号线(5)的所述从属制动装置(12)，向所述信号系统(2)发送故障信号。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于： 所述信号系统(2)通过制动控制线(6)与各所述主控制动装置(11)和各所述从属制动装置(12)电气连接，并能够通过所述制动控制线(6)向各所述主控制动装置(11)和各所述从属制动装置(12)发送制动信号，使所述轨道车辆进行紧急制动。
  7. 轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法，基于权利要求1-6中任一项所述的轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于：具体方法如下：
    当轨道车辆运行时，各主控制动装置(11)持续监测全部所述主控制动装置(11)和从属制动装置(12)的运行状态，若发现其中存在无法制动的故障制动装置，则统计故障的所述主控制动装置(11)和所述从属制动装置(12)的总故障数量，并与第一预设数量相对比，若所述总故障数量不小于所述第一预设数量，则向信号系统(2)发送故障信号，所述信号系统(2)收到故障信号后控制各所述制动单元(1)进行紧急制动。
  8. 轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法，基于权利要求3所述的轨道车辆制动系统，其特征在于：具体方法如下：
    当轨道车辆运行时，各主控制动装置(11)通过单元控制线(4)持续检测所在制动单元(1)内的所述主控制动装置(11)和从属制动装置(12)的运行状态，若发现其中存在无法制动的故障制动装置，则统计所在所述制动单元(1)内故障的所述主控制动装置(11)和所述从属制动装置(12)的单元故障数量，各所述主控制动装置(11)通过总控制线(3)相互发送和接收所述单元故障数量，并各自统计总故障数量，最终各所述主控制动装置(11)将统计出的所述总故障数量与第一预设数量相对比，若所述总故障数量不小于所述第一预设数量，则向信号系统(2)发送故障信号，所述信号系统(2)收到故障信号后控制各所述制动单元(1)进行紧急制动。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的轨道车辆制动系统的监控方法，其特征在于：具体方法如下：
    当所述总控制线(3)意外断开时，各所述主控制动装置(11)仅能够通过所述单元控制线(4)持续检测所在所述制动单元(1)内的所述主控制动装置(11)和所述从属制动装置(12)的运行状态，并统计所在所述制动单元(1)内故障的所述主控制动装置(11)和所述从属制动装置(12) 的单元故障数量；
    各所述主控制动装置(11)分别将所述单元故障数量与第二预设数量对比，若所述单元故障数量不小于所述第二预设数量，则向信号系统(2)发送故障信号，所述信号系统(2)收到故障信号后控制各所述制动单元(1)进行紧急制动。
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