WO2023000645A1 - 电动汽车的换电站平台以及换电系统 - Google Patents

电动汽车的换电站平台以及换电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023000645A1
WO2023000645A1 PCT/CN2022/074690 CN2022074690W WO2023000645A1 WO 2023000645 A1 WO2023000645 A1 WO 2023000645A1 CN 2022074690 W CN2022074690 W CN 2022074690W WO 2023000645 A1 WO2023000645 A1 WO 2023000645A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
pair
battery
platform
along
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/074690
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁习坤
来瑞俊
徐红刚
胡新举
刘俊
李松磊
Original Assignee
上海玖行能源科技有限公司
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Application filed by 上海玖行能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海玖行能源科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023000645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023000645A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G35/00—Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power exchange station platform, in particular to a power exchange station platform for electric vehicles, and also relates to a power exchange system having the above-mentioned power exchange station platform.
  • the battery swap station has the characteristics of high space utilization and short time consumption.
  • Existing battery charging and swapping stations mainly adopt the chassis swapping method, that is, the power battery located under the car chassis is taken out from below, moved to the battery storage compartment for charging, and then the fully charged battery is taken out from the battery storage compartment, moved to the bottom of the car and installed.
  • the existing battery swap station for electric vehicles has a complex overall structure, high construction costs, and a long battery swap process.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery swapping station platform for electric vehicles, which has a simple overall structure, low construction cost, and shorter battery swapping process time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery swapping system for electric vehicles.
  • the overall structure of the swapping station platform is simple, the construction cost is low, and the battery swapping process takes less time.
  • the invention provides a power station platform for electric vehicles, which includes two side platforms, a battery pack charging rack and
  • the two side platforms are located on a first plane and arranged at intervals along a first direction parallel to the first plane.
  • the battery pack charging stand is arranged on the side platform, and the battery pack charging stand includes a battery charging platform for placing and charging the battery pack, and the battery charging platform can also transport the battery pack along the first direction.
  • Each RGV robot can be set on a pair of rails between the two side platforms, the rails extend along a second direction parallel to the first plane and perpendicular to the first direction, and lower in a third direction perpendicular to the first plane
  • each RGV robot has a mobile platform parallel to the first plane, the mobile platform can move along the third direction, and the mobile platform can dock with the two side platforms when it moves to a supporting position, and connect with the two
  • the side platforms form a parking area, and the mobile platform can also dock with the battery pack charging rack and transport the battery pack between the battery pack charging rack and the electric vehicle.
  • the power station platform for electric vehicles provided by the present invention is equipped with two RGV robots, and each RGV robot can
  • the power exchange station platform provided by the present invention has simple overall structure, low construction cost, and shorter power exchange process time.
  • each RGV robot further includes a base, several rail wheels, a rail wheel driving device and a lifting driving device.
  • the track wheel is rotatably arranged on the base and can roll on a pair of tracks.
  • the track wheel driving device is arranged on the base and can drive the track wheel to rotate relative to the base.
  • the lifting driving device is arranged on the base, and the lifting driving device is connected with the mobile platform and can drive the mobile platform to move along the third direction.
  • the battery charging platform includes several first conveying rollers whose axes are parallel to the second direction, and the several first conveying rollers are arranged along the first direction and are used to convey the battery Bag.
  • Each mobile platform includes several second conveying rollers whose axes are parallel to the second direction, and the several second conveying rollers are arranged along the first direction and used for conveying the battery pack. The structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.
  • each RGV robot also includes an unlocking pin, the unlocking pin is movably arranged on the mobile platform along the third direction and can be inserted into the battery pack or the electric vehicle to unlock battery pack. In this way, the battery pack can be unlocked from the chassis when the battery pack is removed.
  • the swap station platform further includes two pairs of positioning components, and each positioning component includes a first bracket and several pairs of positioning rollers.
  • the two first brackets of a pair of positioning components are embedded in the parking area on one side platform, and the two first brackets of the other pair of positioning components are embedded in the parking area of the other side platform.
  • the two first brackets are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the first brackets of the two pairs of positioning components are aligned along the second direction.
  • Each positioning roller is rotatably arranged on the first support around an axis perpendicular to the first direction, several pairs of positioning rollers are arranged along the first direction, and two positioning rollers of each pair of positioning rollers are arranged along the second direction, and each pair of positioning rollers is arranged along the second direction.
  • One end of one of the positioning rollers in the second direction close to the other positioning roller is gradually lowered in the third direction. In this way, the positioning of the electric vehicle is realized by the mechanical structure, and the production cost is reduced.
  • the swapping station platform further includes two pairs of straightening assemblies, and each straightening assembly includes a second support and a set of straightening rollers.
  • the two second brackets of a pair of straightening assemblies are arranged in the parking area of one side platform, and the two second brackets of the other pair of straightening assemblies are arranged in the parking area of the other side platform.
  • the two second brackets are arranged on both sides of the two first brackets of each pair of positioning components along the second direction.
  • Each righting roller is rotatably arranged on the second support around an axis parallel to the first direction, and a group of righting rollers is located on one side of the first support along the third direction, and gradually moves away from the swing of the first support in the third direction.
  • the axis of the positive roller gradually moves away from the first bracket in the second direction.
  • each battery pack charging rack includes several battery charging platforms, and the several battery charging platforms are stacked along the third direction.
  • the battery exchange station platform further includes a pair of guide rods, the pair of guide rods are arranged in the parking area of a side platform, and the pair of guide rods are arranged along the second direction , and one end of each guide rod close to the other guide rod gradually approaches the track along the second direction.
  • the driver can park the electric car into the parking area by referring to a pair of guide rods, which can restrain the tires and prevent the car from drifting too far.
  • the present invention also provides a power exchange system for an electric vehicle, which includes several battery pack quick-change racks, several battery packs, and the above-mentioned exchange station platform.
  • the battery pack quick change frame can be arranged on the chassis of the electric vehicle.
  • the battery pack can be set on the battery pack quick change rack.
  • the mobile platform can be docked with the battery pack charging rack and transport the battery pack between the battery pack charging rack and the battery pack quick change rack.
  • the battery pack has several conical positioning pins, and when the mobile platform is at the support position, the several conical positioning pins protrude upwards along the third direction, and the battery pack is fast.
  • Several tapered positioning holes are formed on the frame changer. When the electric vehicle is located in the parking area, the several tapered positioning holes are opposite to the several tapered positioning pins along the third direction.
  • the battery pack quick-change frame has several conical positioning pins, and when the electric vehicle is located in the parking area, the several conical positioning pins protrude downward along the third direction, and several conical positioning holes are formed on the battery pack, and the mobile platform is located on the In the support position, several tapered positioning holes are opposite to several tapered positioning pins along the third direction.
  • the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the battery replacement time can be shortened.
  • the battery pack quick-change frame further includes a pair of locking tongues that can protrude relatively along the second direction, and the battery pack is formed with a pair of locking tongues corresponding to the pair of locking tongues.
  • a pair of dead bolts can be inserted into a pair of locked holes to fix the battery pack along the third direction, and the unlocking pin can extend into the battery pack to drive the dead bolt to withdraw from the lock hole.
  • the battery pack also includes a pair of locking tongues that can protrude in reverse along the second direction, and lock holes corresponding to the pair of locking tongues are formed on the battery pack quick-change frame, and the tapered positioning pins are completely inserted into the tapered positioning holes.
  • the latter pair of lock tongues can be inserted into a pair of lock holes to fix the battery pack along the third direction, and the unlocking pin can extend into the battery pack quick-change frame to drive the lock tongues to exit the lock holes.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view structural diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a power station platform for an electric vehicle.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the power station platform of an electric vehicle.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a power station platform for an electric vehicle.
  • Fig. 4 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery swapping station platform of an electric vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view structural diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a power station platform for an electric vehicle.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the power station platform of an electric vehicle.
  • the battery swap station platform for electric vehicles includes two side platforms 20 , several battery pack charging racks 30 and two RGV robots 40 .
  • the two side platforms 20 are located on a first plane and arranged at intervals along a first direction Y parallel to the first plane.
  • the battery pack charging racks 30 are arranged on the side platforms 20 , each battery pack charging rack 30 includes several battery charging platforms 31 , and the several battery charging platforms 31 are stacked along the third direction Z.
  • the battery charging platform 31 is used to place the battery pack 80 and charge the battery pack 80 , and the battery charging platform 31 can also transport the battery pack 80 along the first direction Y.
  • the battery charging platform 31 includes a plurality of first conveying rollers 311 whose axes are parallel to the second direction X, and the plurality of first conveying rollers 311 are arranged along the first direction Y and are used for conveying battery packs. 80.
  • Each RGV robot 40 can be arranged on a pair of rails 10 between two side platforms 20, and the rails 10 extend along a second direction X parallel to the first plane and perpendicular to the first direction Y, and in a direction perpendicular to the first direction Y.
  • the third direction Z of the plane is lower than the two side platforms 20.
  • the track 10 is set in a pre-built pit, and the two side platforms 20 are located on the ground on both sides of the pit.
  • Each RGV robot 40 has a mobile platform 41 parallel to the first plane, and the mobile platform 41 can move along the third direction Z.
  • the mobile platform 41 can be docked with the two side platforms 20 when moving to a supporting position, and forms a parking area P with the two side platforms 20, and the mobile platform 41 can also be docked with the battery pack charging rack 30 and be placed on the battery pack charging rack.
  • the battery pack 80 is transported between the battery pack 30 and the electric vehicle 90 .
  • each RGV robot 40 further includes a base 42 , several rail wheels 43 , a rail wheel driving device and a lifting driving device 44 .
  • the track wheel 43 is rotatably disposed on the base 42 and can roll on the pair of tracks 10 .
  • the track wheel driving device is a motor, which is arranged on the base 42 and can drive the track wheel 43 to rotate relative to the base 42 .
  • the lifting driving device 44 is a foldable telescopic frame, which is arranged on the base 42 .
  • the lifting driving device 44 is connected to the mobile platform 41 and can drive the mobile platform 41 to move along the third direction Z. Referring to FIG.
  • each mobile platform 41 includes several second conveying rollers 411 whose axes are parallel to the second direction X, and the several second conveying rollers 411 are arranged along the first direction Y and are used for conveying the battery pack 80 .
  • the RGV robot 40 has a simple structure and low cost, and the RGV robot 40 can independently realize various functions, which is convenient for overall transportation and assembly.
  • the power station platform for electric vehicles provided by the present invention is equipped with two RGV robots, and each RGV robot is a mechanism capable of independent operation, which is convenient for transportation and installation.
  • the RGV robot can not only replace the protective cover to form the 90 aisle of electric vehicles, but also realize the functions of battery pack 80 stacker, battery transfer function and battery replacement function to shorten the battery replacement time.
  • the power exchange station platform provided by the present invention has simple overall structure, low construction cost, and shorter power exchange process time.
  • the power station platform further includes a pair of guide rods 21, and a pair of guide rods 21 are arranged in the parking area P of a side platform 20, and a pair of guide rods 21 are arranged along the second direction X. , and one end of each guide rod 21 close to the other guide rod 21 along the second direction X gradually approaches the track 10 .
  • the driver can park the electric vehicle 90 into the parking area with reference to a pair of guide rods 21, while the guide rods 21 can limit the tires to prevent the car from deviating too much.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a power station platform for an electric vehicle.
  • the substation platform further includes two pairs of positioning assemblies 50 , and each positioning assembly 50 includes a first bracket 51 and several pairs of positioning rollers 52 .
  • the two first brackets 51 of a pair of positioning assemblies 50 are embedded in the parking area P on one side platform 20
  • the two first brackets 51 of the other pair of positioning assemblies 50 are embedded in the parking area of the other side platform 20
  • the two first brackets 51 of each pair of positioning assemblies 50 are arranged at intervals along the first direction Y
  • the first brackets 51 of the two pairs of positioning assemblies 50 are aligned along the second direction X.
  • the positioning roller 52 is rotatably disposed on the first bracket 51 around an axis perpendicular to the first direction Y. Several pairs of positioning rollers 52 are arranged along the first direction Y, and two positioning rollers 52 of each pair of positioning rollers 52 are arranged along the second direction X. An end of one positioning roller 52 of each pair of positioning rollers 52 close to the other positioning roller 52 in the second direction X gradually lowers in the third direction Z. After the tires of the electric car 90 are parked on several pairs of positioning rollers 52, the V-shaped positioning rollers 52 will guide the tires in the second direction X, which is convenient for the driver to locate when the electric car 90 is parked. When the tires are aligned along the first direction Y, the rolling positioning rollers 52 can reduce the friction between the tires and the ground, thereby realizing the positioning of the electric vehicle 90 with a mechanical structure and reducing production costs.
  • Fig. 4 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery swapping station platform of an electric vehicle.
  • the substation platform further includes two pairs of straightening assemblies 60 , and each straightening assembly 60 includes a second bracket 61 and a set of straightening rollers 62 .
  • the two second brackets 61 of a pair of righting assemblies 60 are arranged in the parking area P of one side platform 20 , and the two second brackets 61 of the other pair of righting assemblies 60 are arranged in the parking area P of the other side platform 20 Inside, the two second brackets 61 of each pair of straightening components 60 are disposed on both sides of the two first brackets 51 of each pair of positioning components 50 along the second direction X.
  • Each centering roller 62 is rotatably arranged on the second support 61 around an axis parallel to the first direction Y, and a group of righting rollers 62 is located on one side of the first support 51 along the third direction Z, and in the third direction Z
  • the axes of the straightening rollers 62 that gradually move away from the first bracket 51 gradually move away from the first bracket 51 in the second direction X.
  • each RGV robot 40 also includes an unlocking pin 45, which is movably arranged on the mobile platform 41 along the third direction Z and can be inserted into the battery pack 80 or the electric vehicle 90 to Unlocks battery pack 80. In this way, the battery pack 80 can be unlocked from the chassis when the battery pack 80 is disassembled.
  • the present invention also provides a power exchange system for an electric vehicle.
  • the power exchange system includes several battery pack quick-change racks 70 , several battery packs 80 and one above-mentioned swap station platform.
  • the battery pack quick change rack 70 can be disposed on the chassis of the electric vehicle 90 .
  • the battery pack 80 can be disposed on the battery pack quick change rack 70 .
  • the mobile platform 41 can be docked with the battery pack charging rack 30 and transport the battery pack 80 between the battery pack charging rack 30 and the battery pack quick change rack 70 .
  • the battery pack 80 has several conical positioning pins 81.
  • the several conical positioning pins 81 protrude upward along the third direction Z, and the battery pack can be quickly replaced.
  • Several tapered positioning holes 71 are formed on the frame 70 , and when the electric vehicle 90 is located in the parking area P, the several tapered positioning holes 71 are opposite to the several tapered positioning pins 81 along the third direction Z.
  • the mobile platform 41 can position the battery pack 80 on the battery pack quick change frame 70 through the tapered positioning pin 81 and the tapered positioning hole 71 during the lifting process.
  • the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the battery replacement time can be shortened.
  • the battery pack quick change frame 70 may also have several conical positioning pins 81.
  • the several conical positioning pins 81 will The direction Z protrudes downwards, and several tapered positioning holes 71 are formed on the battery pack 80 .
  • the several tapered positioning holes 71 are opposite to the several tapered positioning pins 81 along the third direction Z.
  • the battery pack quick change frame 70 further includes a pair of locking tongues 72 that can protrude relatively along the second direction X, and the battery pack 80 is formed with locks corresponding to the pair of locking tongues 72 .
  • hole 82 after the tapered positioning pin 81 is fully inserted into the tapered positioning hole 71, a pair of locking tongues 72 can be inserted into a pair of locking holes 82 to fix the battery pack 80 along the third direction Z, and the unlocking pin 45 can extend into the battery pack 80 to drive The locking tongue 72 exits the locking hole 82 .
  • the battery pack 80 can be fixed on the battery pack quick-change rack 70 by raising the mobile platform 41 , and the battery pack 80 can be unlocked by extending the unlocking pin 45 .
  • the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the battery replacement time can be shortened. However, it is not limited thereto.
  • the battery pack 80 may also include a pair of lock tongues 72 that can extend backwards along the second direction X, and the battery pack quick change rack 70 is formed with a For the lock hole 82 corresponding to the lock tongue 72, after the tapered positioning pin 81 is completely inserted into the tapered positioning hole 71, a pair of lock tongues 72 can be inserted into a pair of lock holes 82 to fix the battery pack 80 along the third direction Z, and the unlocking pin 45 can Extend into the battery pack quick change rack 70 to drive the locking tongue 72 out of the locking hole 82 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

电动汽车的换电站平台，包括两个侧平台(20)、电池包充电架(30)以及两个RGV机器人(40)。两个侧平台(20)位于第一平面并且沿第一方向(Y)间隔布置。电池包充电架(30)设置于侧平台(20)并且包括电池充电平台(31)，电池充电平台(31)用于放置电池包(80)并为电池包(80)充电，以及沿第一方向(Y)输送电池包(80)。各RGV机器人(40)能够设置于一对沿第二方向(X)延伸的轨道(10)，各RGV机器人(40)具有移动平台(41)，移动平台(41)能够沿第三方向(Z)运动，在运动至支撑位置时能够与两个侧平台(20)对接，并且与两个侧平台(20)组成停放区域。移动平台(41)还能与电池包充电架(30)对接并输送电池包(80)。换电站平台结构简单，建造成本低，并且换电过程时间更短。还提供了具有换电站平台的换电系统。

Description

电动汽车的换电站平台以及换电系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种换电站平台，尤其是一种用于电动汽车的换电站平台，本发明还涉及具有上述换电站平台的换电系统。
背景技术
目前电动汽车的电池充电普遍采用快速充电桩进行充电，但是无论怎么缩短快速充电时间，仍然很难达到燃油车即充即走的要求，采用充电桩既耗时又过于占用土地。电池换电站作为一种新型的电池充电解决方案，具有空间利用率高、耗时短的特点。现有的电池充换电站主要采用底盘换电方式，即将位于汽车底盘下方的动力电池从下方取出，移动至电池存储仓充电，然后从电池存储仓取出满电电池，移动至汽车底部并安装。现有的电动汽车的换电站，整体结构复杂，建造成本高，并且换电过程时间长。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种电动汽车的换电站平台，整体结构简单，建造成本低，并且换电过程时间更短。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种电动汽车的换电系统，换电站平台整体结构简单，建造成本低，并且换电过程时间更短。
本发明提供了一种电动汽车的换电站平台，包括两个侧平台、一个电池包充电架以
及两个RGV机器人。两个侧平台位于一个第一平面，并且沿一个平行于第一平面的第一方向间隔布置。电池包充电架设置于侧平台，电池包充电架包括一个电池充电平台，电池充电平台用于放置电池包并为电池包充电，电池充电平台还能够沿第一方向输送电池包。各RGV机器人能够设置于两个侧平台之间的一对轨道，轨道沿一个平行于第一平面且垂直于第一方向的第二方向延伸，并且在一个垂直于第一平面的第三方向上低于两个侧平台，各RGV机器人具有一个平行于第一平面的移动平台，移动平台能够沿第三方向运动，移动平台在运动至一个支撑位置时能够与两个侧平台对接，并且与两个侧平台组成一个停放区域，移动平台还能够与电池包充电架对接并在电池包充电架和电动汽车之间输送电池包。
本发明提供的电动汽车的换电站平台，配置两个RGV机器人，各RGV机器人为能
够独立运行的机构，便于运输和安装。在使用时，RGV机器人不但可以代替防护盖构成电动汽车过道，还能够实现电池包堆垛机功能、电池传送功能和换电功能以缩短换电时间。本发明提供的换电站平台，整体结构简单，建造成本低，并且换电过程时间更短。
在电动汽车的换电站平台的再一种示意性实施方式中，各RGV机器人还包括一个底座、数个轨道轮、一个轨道轮驱动装置以及一个升降驱动装置。轨道轮可转动地设置于底座并能在一对轨道上滚动。轨道轮驱动装置设置于底座并能够驱动轨道轮相对于底座转动。升降驱动装置设置于底座，升降驱动装置连接移动平台并能够驱动移动平台沿第三方向运动。此结构简单，成本低且便于装配。
在电动汽车的换电站平台的又一种示意性实施方式中，电池充电平台包括数个轴线平行于第二方向的第一输送滚筒，数个第一输送滚筒沿第一方向排列并用于输送电池包。各移动平台包括数个轴线平行于第二方向的第二输送滚筒，数个第二输送滚筒沿第一方向排列并用于输送电池包。此结构简单，且制造成本低。
在电动汽车的换电站平台的另一种示意性实施方式中，各RGV机器人还包括一个解锁插销，解锁插销沿第三方向可运动地设置于移动平台并能伸入电池包或电动汽车以解锁电池包。借此实现在拆卸电池包时将电池包从底盘解锁。
在电动汽车的换电站平台的另一种示意性实施方式中，换电站平台还包括两对定位组件，各定位组件包括一个第一支架以及数对定位滚筒。一对定位组件的两个第一支架嵌设于一个侧平台上的停放区域内，另一对定位组件的两个第一支架嵌设于另一个侧平台的停放区域内，各对定位组件的两个第一支架沿第一方向间隔排列，两对定位组件的第一支架沿第二方向对齐。各定位滚筒绕垂直于第一方向的轴线可转动的设置于第一支架，数对定位滚筒沿第一方向排布，各对定位滚筒的两个定位滚筒沿第二方向排布，各对定位滚筒中的一个定位滚筒在第二方向上靠近另一个定位滚筒的一端在第三方向上逐渐降低。借此以机械结构实现电动汽车的定位，降低生产成本。
在电动汽车的换电站平台的另一种示意性实施方式中，换电站平台还包括两对摆正组件，各摆正组件包括一个第二支架以及一组摆正滚筒。一对摆正组件的两个第二支架设置于一个侧平台的停放区域内，另一对摆正组件的两个第二支架设置于另一个侧平台的停放区域内，各对摆正组件的两个第二支架沿第二方向设置于各对定位组件的两个第一支架的两侧。各摆正滚筒绕平行于第一方向的轴线可转动的设置于第二支架，一组摆正滚筒沿第三方向位于第一支架的一侧，并且在第三方向逐渐远离第一支架的摆正滚筒的轴线在第二方向上逐渐远离第一支架。借此以机械结构实现电动汽车轮胎摆正，降低生产成本。
在电动汽车的换电站平台的另一种示意性实施方式中，各电池包充电架包括数个电池充电平台，数个电池充电平台沿第三方向叠放。
在电动汽车的换电站平台的另一种示意性实施方式中，换电站平台还包括一对导向杆，一对导向杆设置于一个侧平台的停放区域内，一对导向杆沿第二方向排列，并且各导向杆沿第二方向靠近另一个导向杆的一端逐渐靠近轨道。驾驶者可以参照一对导向杆将电动汽车停入停放区域，同时导向杆可以限制轮胎防止汽车偏离过大。
本发明还提供了一种电动汽车的换电系统，包括数个电池包快换架、数个电池包以及一个上述的换电站平台。电池包快换架能够设置于电动汽车的底盘。电池包能够设置于电池包快换架。移动平台能够与电池包充电架对接并在电池包充电架和电池包快换架之间输送电池包。
在电动汽车的换电系统的另一种示意性实施方式中，电池包具有数个锥形定位销，移动平台位于支撑位置时数个锥形定位销沿第三方向向上伸出，电池包快换架上形成有数个锥形定位孔，电动汽车位于停放区域时数个锥形定位孔沿第三方向与数个锥形定位销相对。或者，电池包快换架具有数个锥形定位销，电动汽车位于停放区域时数个锥形定位销沿第三方向向下伸出，电池包上形成有数个锥形定位孔，移动平台位于支撑位置时数个锥形定位孔沿第三方向与数个锥形定位销相对。此结构简单，制造成本低，并且能够缩短换电时间。
在电动汽车的换电系统的另一种示意性实施方式中，电池包快换架上还包括一对能够沿第二方向相对伸出的锁舌，电池包上形成与一对锁舌对应的锁孔，在锥形定位销完全插入锥形定位孔后一对锁舌能够插入一对锁孔沿第三方向固定电池包，解锁插销能够伸入电池包以驱动锁舌退出锁孔。或者，电池包上还包括一对能够沿第二方向反向伸出的锁舌，电池包快换架上形成与一对锁舌对应的锁孔，在锥形定位销完全插入锥形定位孔后一对锁舌能够插入一对锁孔沿第三方向固定电池包，解锁插销能够伸入电池包快换架以驱动锁舌退出锁孔。此结构简单，制造成本低，并且能够缩短换电时间。
附图说明
以下附图仅对本发明做示意性说明和解释，并不限定本发明的范围。
图1是电动汽车的换电站平台的一种示意性实施方式的俯视结构示意图。
图2是电动汽车的换电站平台的另一视角的结构示意图。
图3是电动汽车的换电站平台的局部剖视示意图。
图4是电动汽车的换电站平台的另一局部剖视示意图。
标号说明
10 轨道
20 侧平台
21 导向杆
30 电池包充电架
31 电池充电平台
311 第一输送滚筒
40 RGV机器人
41 移动平台
411 第二输送滚筒
42 底座
43 轨道轮
44 升降驱动装置
45 解锁插销
50 定位组件
51 第一支架
52 定位滚筒
60 摆正组件
61 第二支架
62 摆正滚筒
70 电池包快换架
71 锥形定位孔
72 锁舌
80 电池包
81 锥形定位销
82 锁孔
90 电动汽车
X 第二方向
Y 第一方向
Z 第三方向
P 停放区域。
具体实施方式
为了对发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式，在各图中相同的标号表示结构相同或结构相似但功能相同的部件。
在本文中，“示意性”表示“充当实例、例子或说明”，不应将在本文中被描述为“示意性”的任何图示、实施方式解释为一种更优选的或更具优点的技术方案。
图1是电动汽车的换电站平台的一种示意性实施方式的俯视结构示意图。图2是电动汽车的换电站平台的另一视角的结构示意图。参照图1和图2，电动汽车的换电站平台包括两个侧平台20、数个电池包充电架30以及两个RGV机器人40。
两个侧平台20位于位于一个第一平面，并且沿一个平行于第一平面的第一方向Y间隔布置。电池包充电架30设置于侧平台20，各电池包充电架30包括数个电池充电平台31，数个电池充电平台31沿第三方向Z叠放。电池充电平台31用于放置电池包80 并为电池包80充电，电池充电平台31还能够沿第一方向Y输送电池包80。在示意性实施方式中，参照图1，电池充电平台31包括数个轴线平行于第二方向X的第一输送滚筒311，数个第一输送滚筒311沿第一方向Y排列并用于输送电池包80。
各RGV机器人40能够设置于两个侧平台20之间的一对轨道10，轨道10沿一个平行于第一平面且垂直于第一方向Y的第二方向X延伸，并且在一个垂直于第一平面的第三方向Z上低于两个侧平台20，在示意性实施方式中，轨道10设置于预先建造的地坑中，两个侧平台20则位于地坑两侧的地面。各RGV机器人40具有一个平行于第一平面的移动平台41，移动平台41能够沿第三方向Z运动。移动平台41在运动至一个支撑位置时能够与两个侧平台20对接，并且与两个侧平台20组成一个停放区域P，移动平台41还能够与电池包充电架30对接并在电池包充电架30和电动汽车90之间输送电池包80。
在示意性实施方式中，参照图2，各RGV机器人40还包括一个底座42、数个轨道轮43、一个轨道轮驱动装置以及一个升降驱动装置44。轨道轮43可转动地设置于底座42并能在一对轨道10上滚动。轨道轮驱动装置为电机，其设置于底座42并能够驱动轨道轮43相对于底座42转动。升降驱动装置44为折叠伸缩架，其设置于底座42，升降驱动装置44连接移动平台41并能够驱动移动平台41沿第三方向Z运动。参照图1，各移动平台41包括数个轴线平行于第二方向X的第二输送滚筒411，数个第二输送滚筒411沿第一方向Y排列并用于输送电池包80。RGV机器人40的结构简单，成本低，并且RGV机器人40能够独立实现各种功能，便于整体运输和装配。
本发明提供的电动汽车的换电站平台，配置两个RGV机器人，各RGV机器人为能够独立运行的机构，便于运输和安装。在使用时，RGV机器人不但可以代替防护盖构成电动汽车90过道，还能够实现电池包80堆垛机功能、电池传送功能和换电功能以缩短换电时间。本发明提供的换电站平台，整体结构简单，建造成本低，并且换电过程时间更短。
在示意性实施方式中，参照图1，换电站平台还包括一对导向杆21，一对导向杆21设置于一个侧平台20的停放区域P内，一对导向杆21沿第二方向X排列，并且各导向杆21沿第二方向X靠近另一个导向杆21的一端逐渐靠近轨道10。驾驶者可以参照一对导向杆21将电动汽车90停入停放区域，同时导向杆21可以限制轮胎防止汽车偏离过大。
图3是电动汽车的换电站平台的局部剖视示意图。参照图1和图3，在示意性实施方式中，换电站平台还包括两对定位组件50，各定位组件50包括一个第一支架51以及数对定位滚筒52。一对定位组件50的两个第一支架51嵌设于一个侧平台20上的停放区域P内，另一对定位组件50的两个第一支架51嵌设于另一个侧平台20的停放区域P内，各对定位组件50的两个第一支架51沿第一方向Y间隔排列，两对定位组件50 的第一支架51沿第二方向X对齐。定位滚筒52绕垂直于第一方向Y的轴线可转动的设置于第一支架51。数对定位滚筒52沿第一方向Y排布，各对定位滚筒52的两个定位滚筒52沿第二方向X排布。各对定位滚筒52中的一个定位滚筒52在第二方向X上靠近另一个定位滚筒52的一端在第三方向Z上逐渐降低。电动汽车90的轮胎在停放于数对定位滚筒52后，呈现V形的定位滚筒52会在第二方向X对轮胎产生导向作用，方便驾驶员在停放电动汽车90时定位，同时在电动汽车90的轮胎沿第一方向Y摆正时，滚动的定位滚筒52能够减小轮胎与地面的摩擦，借此以机械结构实现电动汽车90的定位，降低生产成本。
图4是电动汽车的换电站平台的另一局部剖视示意图。参照图1和图4，在示意性实施方式中，换电站平台还包括两对摆正组件60，各摆正组件60包括一个第二支架61以及一组摆正滚筒62。一对摆正组件60的两个第二支架61设置于一个侧平台20的停放区域P内，另一对摆正组件60的两个第二支架61设置于另一个侧平台20的停放区域P内，各对摆正组件60的两个第二支架61沿第二方向X设置于各对定位组件50的两个第一支架51的两侧。各摆正滚筒62绕平行于第一方向Y的轴线可转动的设置于第二支架61，一组摆正滚筒62沿第三方向Z位于第一支架51的一侧，并且在第三方向Z逐渐远离第一支架51的摆正滚筒62的轴线在第二方向X上逐渐远离第一支架51。电动汽车90的轮胎在触碰一组定位滚筒52时，会在重力作用下滑向最低处的摆正滚筒62，借此以机械结构实现电动汽车90轮胎摆正，降低生产成本。
在示意性实施方式中，参照图4，各RGV机器人40还包括一个解锁插销45，解锁插销45沿第三方向Z可运动地设置于移动平台41并能伸入电池包80或电动汽车90以解锁电池包80。借此实现在拆卸电池包80时将电池包80从底盘解锁。
本发明还提供了一种电动汽车的换电系统，参照图1至图4，换电系统包括数个电池包快换架70、数个电池包80以及一个上述的换电站平台。电池包快换架70能够设置于电动汽车90的底盘。电池包80能够设置于电池包快换架70。移动平台41能够与电池包充电架30对接并在电池包充电架30和电池包快换架70之间输送电池包80。
在示意性实施方式中，参照图4，电池包80具有数个锥形定位销81，移动平台41位于支撑位置时数个锥形定位销81沿第三方向Z向上伸出，电池包快换架70上形成有数个锥形定位孔71，电动汽车90位于停放区域P时数个锥形定位孔71沿第三方向Z与数个锥形定位销81相对。借此移动平台41在升起过程中可通过锥形定位销81和锥形定位孔71将电池包80定位于电池包快换架70。此结构简单，制造成本低，并且能够缩短换电时间。然而并不限于此，在其他示意性实施方式中，也可以是电池包快换架70具有数个锥形定位销81，电动汽车90位于停放区域P时数个锥形定位销81沿第三方向Z向下伸出，电池包80上形成有数个锥形定位孔71，移动平台41位于支撑位置时数个锥形定位孔71沿第三方向Z与数个锥形定位销81相对。
在示意性实施方式中，参照图4，电池包快换架70上还包括一对能够沿第二方向X相对伸出的锁舌72，电池包80上形成与一对锁舌72对应的锁孔82，在锥形定位销81完全插入锥形定位孔71后一对锁舌72能够插入一对锁孔82沿第三方向Z固定电池包80，解锁插销45能够伸入电池包80以驱动锁舌72退出锁孔82。借此移动平台41升起即可将电池包80固定于电池包快换架70，并且通过解锁插销45伸出即可解锁电池包80。此结构简单，制造成本低，并且能够缩短换电时间。然而并不限于此，在其他示意性实施方式中，也可以是电池包80上还包括一对能够沿第二方向X反向伸出的锁舌72，电池包快换架70上形成与一对锁舌72对应的锁孔82，在锥形定位销81完全插入锥形定位孔71后一对锁舌72能够插入一对锁孔82沿第三方向Z固定电池包80，解锁插销45能够伸入电池包快换架70以驱动锁舌72退出锁孔82。
应当理解，虽然本说明书是按照各个实施例描述的，但并非每个实施例仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施例的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方案或变更，如特征的组合、分割或重复，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，包括：
    两个侧平台(20)，两个所述侧平台(20)位于一个第一平面，并且沿一个平行于所述第一平面的第一方向(Y)间隔布置；
    一个电池包充电架(30)，其设置于所述侧平台(20)，所述电池包充电架(30)包括一个电池充电平台(31)，所述电池充电平台(31)用于放置电池包并为所述电池包充电，所述电池充电平台(31)还能够沿所述第一方向(Y)输送所述电池包；以及
    两个RGV机器人(40)，各所述RGV机器人(40)能够设置于两个所述侧平台(20)之间的一对轨道(10)，所述轨道(10)沿一个平行于所述第一平面且垂直于所述第一方向(Y)的第二方向(X)延伸，并且在一个垂直于所述第一平面的第三方向(Z)上低于两个所述侧平台(20)，各所述RGV机器人(40)具有一个平行于所述第一平面的移动平台(41)，所述移动平台(41)能够沿所述第三方向(Z)运动，所述移动平台(41)在运动至一个支撑位置时能够与两个所述侧平台(20)对接，并且与两个所述侧平台(20)组成一个停放区域，所述移动平台(41)还能够与所述电池包充电架(30)对接并在所述电池包充电架(30)和电动汽车之间输送所述电池包。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，各所述RGV机器人(40)还包括：
    一个底座(42)；数个轨道轮(43)，其可转动地设置于所述底座(42)并能在一对所述轨道(10)上滚动；一个轨道轮驱动装置，其设置于所述底座(42)并能够驱动所述轨道轮(43)相对于所述底座(42)转动；以及
    一个升降驱动装置(44)，其设置于所述底座(42)，所述升降驱动装置(44)连接所述移动平台(41)并能够驱动所述移动平台(41)沿所述第三方向(Z)运动。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，各所述电池充电平台(31)包括数个轴线平行于所述第二方向(X)的第一输送滚筒(311)，数个所述第一输送滚筒(311)沿所述第一方向(Y)排列并用于输送所述电池包；各所述移动平台(41)包括数个轴线平行于所述第二方向(X)的第二输送滚筒(411)，数个所述第二输送滚筒(411)沿所述第一方向(Y)排列并用于输送所述电池包。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，各所述RGV机器人(40)还包括一个解锁插销(45)，所述解锁插销(45)沿所述第三方向(Z)可运动 地设置于所述移动平台(41)并能伸入所述电池包或所述电动汽车以解锁所述电池包。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，所述换电站平台还包括两对定位组件(50)，各所述定位组件(50)包括：
    一个第一支架(51)，一对所述定位组件(50)的两个所述第一支架(51)嵌设于一个所述侧平台(20)上的所述停放区域内，另一对所述定位组件(50)的两个所述第一支架(51)嵌设于另一个所述侧平台(20)的所述停放区域内，各对所述定位组件(50)的两个所述第一支架(51)沿所述第一方向(Y)间隔排列，两对所述定位组件(50)的所述第一支架(51)沿所述第二方向(X)对齐；以及
    数对定位滚筒(52)，各所述定位滚筒(52)绕垂直于所述第一方向(Y)的轴线可转动的设置于所述第一支架(51)，数对定位滚筒(52)沿所述第一方向(Y)排布，各对所述定位滚筒(52)的两个所述定位滚筒(52)沿所述第二方向(X)排布，各对所述定位滚筒(52)中的一个所述所述定位滚筒(52)在所述第二方向(X)上靠近另一个所述定位滚筒(52)的一端在所述第三方向(Z)上逐渐降低。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，所述换电站平台还包括两对摆正组件(60)，各所述摆正组件(60)包括：
    一个第二支架(61)，一对所述摆正组件(60)的两个所述第二支架(61)设置于一个所述侧平台(20)的所述停放区域内，另一对所述摆正组件(60)的两个所述第二支架(61)设置于另一个所述侧平台(20)的所述停放区域内，各对所述摆正组件(60)的两个所述第二支架(61)沿所述第二方向(X)设置于各对所述定位组件(50)的两个所述第一支架(51)的两侧；以及
    一组摆正滚筒(62)，各所述摆正滚筒(62)绕平行于所述第一方向(Y)的轴线可转动的设置于所述第二支架(61)，一组所述摆正滚筒(62)沿所述第三方向(Z)位于所述第一支架(51)的一侧，并且在所述第三方向(Z)逐渐远离所述第一支架(51)的所述摆正滚筒(62)的轴线在所述第二方向(X)上逐渐远离所述第一支架(51)。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，各所述电池包充电架(30)包括数个所述电池充电平台(31)，数个所述电池充电平台(31)沿所述第三方向(Z)叠放。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的电动汽车的换电站平台，其特征在于，所述换电站平台还包括一对导向杆(21)，所述一对导向杆(21)设置于一个所述侧平台(20)的所述停放 区域内，一对所述导向杆(21)沿所述第二方向(X)排列，并且各所述导向杆(21)沿所述第二方向(X)靠近另一个所述导向杆(21)的一端逐渐靠近所述轨道(10)。
  9. 电动汽车的换电系统，其特征在于，包括：
    数个电池包快换架(70)，其能够设置于所述电动汽车的底盘；
    数个电池包(80)，其能够设置于所述电池包快换架(70)；以及
    一个如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的换电站平台，所述移动平台(41)能够与所述电池包充电架(30)对接并在所述电池包充电架(30)和所述电池包快换架(70)之间输送所述电池包(80)。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电动汽车的换电系统，其特征在于，所述电池包(80)具有数个锥形定位销(81)，所述移动平台(41)位于所述支撑位置时数个所述锥形定位销(81)沿所述第三方向(Z)向上伸出，所述电池包快换架(70)上形成有数个锥形定位孔(71)，所述电动汽车位于所述停放区域时数个所述锥形定位孔(71)沿所述第三方向(Z)与数个所述锥形定位销(81)相对；或者
    所述电池包快换架(70)具有数个锥形定位销(81)，所述电动汽车位于所述停放区域时数个所述锥形定位销(81)沿所述第三方向(Z)向下伸出，所述电池包(80)上形成有数个锥形定位孔(71)，所述移动平台(41)位于所述支撑位置时数个所述锥形定位孔(71)沿所述第三方向(Z)与数个所述锥形定位销(81)相对。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电动汽车的换电系统，其特征在于，所述电池包快换架(70)上还包括一对能够沿所述第二方向(X)相对伸出的锁舌(72)，所述电池包(80)上形成与一对所述锁舌(72)对应的锁孔(82)，在所述锥形定位销(81)完全插入所述锥形定位孔(71)后所述一对锁舌(72)能够插入一对所述锁孔(82)沿所述第三方向(Z)固定所述电池包(80)，所述解锁插销(45)能够伸入所述电池包(80)以驱动所述锁舌(72)退出所述锁孔(82)；或者
    所述电池包(80)上还包括一对能够沿所述第二方向(X)反向伸出的锁舌(72)，所述电池包快换架(70)上形成与一对所述锁舌(72)对应的锁孔(82)，在所述锥形定位销(81)完全插入所述锥形定位孔(71)后所述一对锁舌(72)能够插入一对所述锁孔(82)沿所述第三方向(Z)固定所述电池包(80)，所述解锁插销(45)能够伸入所述电池包快换架(70)以驱动所述锁舌(72)退出所述锁孔(82)。
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