WO2022253558A1 - Schachtunterteil - Google Patents
Schachtunterteil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022253558A1 WO2022253558A1 PCT/EP2022/063168 EP2022063168W WO2022253558A1 WO 2022253558 A1 WO2022253558 A1 WO 2022253558A1 EP 2022063168 W EP2022063168 W EP 2022063168W WO 2022253558 A1 WO2022253558 A1 WO 2022253558A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- manhole base
- plates
- plate
- manhole
- radiation
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010073306 Exposure to radiation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
- E03F5/027—The bottom made of prefabricated segments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
- E03F5/024—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories made of plastic material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
- E03F5/021—Connection of sewer pipes to manhole shaft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a manhole base made from a body by material removal.
- the invention also relates to a shaft with such a shaft base, and finally to a sewage system with such a shaft.
- the extrusion process is known from the prior art for the production of blocks or cylinders as polyolefin semi-finished products for further processing.
- the plasticized mass of the polyolefin is shaped into a block or cylinder via shaping nozzles and cooled from the outside. For this purpose, continuous and discontinuous methods are used.
- the extruded solid blocks or cylinders require a very long cooling time of several weeks before they can be processed further. In the core in particular, these often have cavities or defects. There is also a large degree of material stress due to the uneven cooling behavior, since the outside of the blocks is quickly cooled by the ambient air or a cooling bath, but the polymer inside the solid block or cylinder remains in a molten state for a long time. These stresses cause uncontrolled material distortion during the subsequent, mostly cutting, processing.
- a manhole base can be made from such blocks or cylinders by removing material.
- the first object of the present invention is solved by the subject matter of claim 1.
- the lower part of the manhole which consists of polymer material or contains polymer material, is provided with a contact area, a channel, at least two connections for pipes and a connecting section for connecting the lower part of the manhole to another component, by removing material from a body wherein the body is formed by thermally welding a plurality of plates under the action of radiation.
- Injection molded or extruded or calendered or cast or pressed sheets of polymeric material which have a small thickness compared to their surface area or their diameter, these can be cooled economically and are available in large quantities in a short time.
- Plates produced in this way can be welded together to form large bodies by surface welding with rapid heat input and rapid cooling.
- the surface of the lower plate and the underside of the upper plate are heated uniformly above the crystallite melting point of the semi-crystalline polymer material.
- the polymer material used preferably a polypropylene
- the particularly well-absorbing wave number range between 2,800 and 3,000 cnr 1 .
- IR emitters or IR laser emitters can be used with advantage.
- such IR emitters or IR laser emitters can be used which emit IR radiation in a wavelength range from 780 nm to 1 mm.
- the plates can also be heated by other electromagnetic waves. Provision can be made for this purpose, for example, for the energy to be introduced into the plate sides to be melted by plasma radiation.
- the polymer material used to produce the plate material in this wavelength range particularly receptive or excitable to irradiated electromagnetic radiation
- the particles can be distributed homogeneously in the polymer material of the plate, it is also possible that the particles are distributed inhomogeneously in the polymer material of the plate, so that the particles are mainly concentrated in the edge areas of the plate.
- the plate can also be designed in such a way that edge regions are provided in which only the particles in the polymer material are distributed.
- the accompanying heat that occurs when using IR emitters can be dissipated during the welding process by a turbulent air flow near the surface, so that the plate is not heated up by such heat input in its matrix or in its core, which prevents unwanted warping or sagging.
- the IR radiation acting on the plate ensures that only the sections near the surface that are directly heated by the penetrating IR radiation are heated, with this taking place in particular in a layer thickness of 0.1 mm to approx. 1.5 mm.
- the IR-adsorbing particles present in the polymer material can also facilitate the cooling behavior of the body, since the small amount of foreign energy introduced is now improved by the increased thermal conductivity of the polymer material composition as a result of the particles introduced compared to the polymer material without the particles. This allows the body to cool down faster and more evenly. As a result, the residual stresses can be further minimized. Also, the period of time required to manufacture the body can be significantly reduced, which leads to an improvement in the economics of the manufacturing process.
- the plate according to the present invention can advantageously be formed from polymeric material in an injection molding process and/or in an extrusion process and/or in a calendering process and/or in a casting process and/or in a pressing process or in a combination of the above .
- the plate may be circular, which facilitates advantage in the manufacture of a cylindrical body from such plates.
- the plate can also have an ellipsoidal or a similar shape.
- each plate used is rotated by an angle of rotation x to the orientation of the neighboring plate before welding. This largely compensates for the internal stresses and preferred directions contained in the individual plates in the welded body.
- the plates After removing the IR radiation source, the plates, which are still plane-parallel, are brought together using external pressure and/or an internal vacuum and hot-pressed. As a result, the surface-melted polymer materials of the two plates are bonded to one another.
- the plates can either be adjusted from the center of the plates with a special tool Pressed on the outside, or by bringing the two plates into contact progressively from one side to the opposite side.
- the tool for pressing can be designed in such a way that it is slightly elevated in the center, which can be 5 to 10 mm, for example, with the elevation becoming tapered towards the edges, so that the two plates are pressed together first come into contact at their centers and from there can be further brought into contact with the outside world.
- the plates can be placed against each other at a small angle, the angle being, for example, 1 to 5°.
- the panels are pressed from the point where the two panels are closest to each other. Compression then proceeds to the opposite section continuously, squeezing out any air between the plates.
- the result is a homogeneously welded body made up of two plates that are twice as thick.
- the advantage here is that only a fraction of the heating energy is introduced into the stack of plates by the surface welding method according to the invention.
- the cooling time is minimal since only a small amount of the polymer material has been plasticized.
- the body produced is largely free of residual stresses after cooling due to the small amount of heat.
- individual plates can be welded into one body, for which purpose any number of plates can be used.
- 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 plates are made with further such bodies of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 plates are also welded several times, in particular, so that bodies are formed which have any dimensions in terms of their height.
- plasticized polymer material escapes when the plates are pressed together at regular intervals of the plate thickness. This polymer material cools down locally and forms a regular pattern of surface ribs on the outer surface of the body.
- the pattern of surface ribs increases the area moment of inertia of the body and minimizes its distortion during cooling.
- the surface ribs allow easy attachments for lifting the bodies with a hoist, since the surface ribs allow an appropriately adapted jaw gripper easy, positive access.
- the surface ribs prove to be particularly advantageous since the surface ribs interlock over the entire circumference of the manhole base in the surrounding soil and thus effectively secure the manhole base or the manhole against buoyancy.
- the shape of the surface ribs can be determined by the selection of the polymer material, the local thermal energy radiated to heat the polymer material and the pressure during welding. In this way, surface ribs can be produced, depending on the need, for example with regard to the nature of the ground, which protrude far or less far beyond the outer surface of the manhole base and thus unfold their effect.
- a manhole with a manhole base according to the above description and at least one component connected to the manhole base rises above the prior art and can make positive use of the advantages described above.
- a sewage system with at least one shaft according to the above description is particularly advantageous, which results from the shaft and the shaft base used in accordance with the above.
- the invention has the great advantage that in this way inexpensive, economical to produce and low-stress semi-finished products in the form of bodies in almost of any size are easily accessible.
- the formation of surface ribs on the outer surface of the body enables the manhole base made from the body to be securely interlocked in the surrounding soil.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective representation of a plate 300
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective representation of two plates 300, 300
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective representation of a body 200
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of a body 200
- Fig. 6 is a schematic side sectional view of a plate 300 in a first embodiment
- Fig. 7 is a schematic side sectional view of a plate 300 in a second embodiment
- Fig. 8 is a schematic side sectional view of a plate 300 in a third embodiment
- Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a body 200
- Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a body 200
- Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a body 200
- FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a manhole base 100 made from a body 200.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a manhole base 100 made from a body 200.
- Plate 300 is made of polymeric material. It is circular and has a first side 340 and a second side 350, the first side 340 and the second side 350 being parallel or approximately parallel to one another, so that the plate 300 has the shape of a cylinder with a very small height.
- a typical height of the plate 300 ie a distance between the first side 340 and the second side 350, can be between 5 mm and 50 mm.
- FIG. 1 A schematic perspective view of two plates 300, 300 is shown in FIG.
- the two plates 300, 300 with the same shape are arranged vertically one above the other in such a way that the second side 350 of the upper plate 300 is aligned exactly with the first side 40 of the lower plate 300.
- the second side 350 of the top plate 300 and the first side 340 of the bottom plate 300 are heated by exposure to radiation until a viscoplastic state of the surfaces on the second side 350 of the top plate 300 and the first side 340 of the bottom plate 300 is reached is.
- the two panels 300, 300 are then pressed together such that the second side 350 of the top panel 300 and the first side 340 of the bottom panel 300 come into contact with one another and are thermally welded.
- the body 200 according to FIG. 3 has been made from two plates 300, 300 and has the shape of a cylinder.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a large number of plates 300 of the same shape, which are arranged parallel to one another perpendicularly one above the other.
- FIG. 5 shows a body 200 from the plurality of plates 300 from FIG. 4 in a schematic perspective representation.
- the body 200 is formed.
- the body 200 has a cylindrical shape.
- FIG. 6 shows a plate 300 in a first embodiment in a schematic lateral sectional view.
- Plate 300 is made of polymeric material 310 .
- Two surface layers 330, 330 are formed on the plate 300, which are aligned parallel or approximately parallel to one another and lie at the edges 360, 360 of the plate 300.
- the surface layers 330, 330 of plate 300 also contain particles 320, which absorb radiation and convert it into thermal energy.
- These particles 320 can be selected from carbon black and/or silicon compounds and/or mineral pigments based on chalk and/or wollastonite and/or talc and/or titanium dioxide with a rutile structure.
- the particles 320 are homogeneously distributed in the surface layers 330, 330.
- FIG. 7 shows a plate 300 in a second embodiment in a schematic lateral sectional view.
- Plate 300 is made of polymeric material 310 .
- the polymer material 310 contains particles 320 in a homogeneous distribution.
- These particles 320 can be selected from carbon black and/or silicon compounds and/or mineral pigments based on chalk and/or wollastonite and/or talc and/or titanium dioxide with a rutile structure.
- the particles 310 are only shown in the right-hand section of the plate 300 .
- FIG. 8 shows a plate 300 in a third embodiment in a schematic lateral sectional view.
- FIG. 8 correspond to those in FIGS. 6 and 7.
- Plate 300 is made of polymeric material 310 .
- the polymer material 310 contains particles 320 in an inhomogeneous distribution, the concentration of the particles 320 in the polymer material 310 increasing towards the edges 360 , 360 .
- the concentration of the particles 320 in the polymer material 310 is lower than in the zone at the edges 360, 360 of the plate 300.
- These particles 320 can be selected from carbon black and/or silicon compounds and/or mineral pigments based on chalk and/or wollastonite and/or talc and/or titanium dioxide with a rutile structure.
- FIG. 9 a body 200 is shown in a schematic perspective view, which body is made of two plates 300.
- FIG. 9 a body 200 is shown in a schematic perspective view, which body is made of two plates 300.
- FIG. 10 a body 200 is shown in a schematic perspective representation, which is made from a plurality of bodies 200 from FIG. 9 by thermal welding.
- a body 200 is shown in a schematic perspective view in FIG. 11 .
- the body 200 has surface ribs 220 protruding over the outer surface on its outer surface 210 .
- Such surface ribs 220 are formed where during the thermal welding of adjacently arranged plates 300 plasticized polymer material was pressed outwards when the plates 300 were pressed together, so that it is deposited on the outer surface 210 of the body 200 and cools there.
- the surface ribs 220 on the outer side 210 of the body 200 form a regular or largely regular pattern and are present at the joints of two plates 300, respectively.
- FIG. 12 shows a schematic perspective view of a manhole base 100 which is produced from a body 200 by removing material.
- the manhole base 100 has a contact area 110, a channel 120, connections 130 for pipes and a connecting section 150 for connecting the manhole base 100 to another component.
- a step 140 is formed in the manhole base 100 for personnel to access the manhole base 100, for example for the purpose of inspection, maintenance, cleaning or care.
- Milling, drilling, sawing, turning and laser processes, for example, as well as chip-removing techniques or other material-removing techniques are suitable as techniques for removing material from the body 200 with the aim of producing the lower part 100 of the manhole. Due to the formation of the surface ribs 220, which are not shown here, however, the manhole base 100 can interlock when installed in the ground and thus effectively secure the manhole base against buoyancy.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2022285781A AU2022285781A1 (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2022-05-16 | Manhole base |
EP22729197.8A EP4347964A1 (de) | 2021-06-01 | 2022-05-16 | Schachtunterteil |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202021102989.7U DE202021102989U1 (de) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Schachtunterteil |
DE202021102989.7 | 2021-06-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022253558A1 true WO2022253558A1 (de) | 2022-12-08 |
Family
ID=82016457
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/063168 WO2022253558A1 (de) | 2021-06-01 | 2022-05-16 | Schachtunterteil |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4347964A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2022285781A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE202021102989U1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022253558A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202012101645U1 (de) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-08-07 | Rehau Ag + Co | Schachtunterteil |
DE202017106688U1 (de) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-02-07 | Rehau Ag + Co | Schachtbauteil oder Schacht |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202012101644U1 (de) | 2012-05-04 | 2013-08-07 | Rehau Ag + Co | Schachtunterteil |
-
2021
- 2021-06-01 DE DE202021102989.7U patent/DE202021102989U1/de active Active
-
2022
- 2022-05-16 EP EP22729197.8A patent/EP4347964A1/de active Pending
- 2022-05-16 WO PCT/EP2022/063168 patent/WO2022253558A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-05-16 AU AU2022285781A patent/AU2022285781A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202012101645U1 (de) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-08-07 | Rehau Ag + Co | Schachtunterteil |
DE202017106688U1 (de) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-02-07 | Rehau Ag + Co | Schachtbauteil oder Schacht |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
D GREWELL ET AL: "Welding of Plastics: Fundamentals and New Developments", INTERN. POLYMER PROCESSING XXII, 31 December 2007 (2007-12-31), pages 43 - 60, XP055599162, DOI: 10.3139/217.0051 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE202021102989U1 (de) | 2022-09-05 |
EP4347964A1 (de) | 2024-04-10 |
AU2022285781A1 (en) | 2023-12-14 |
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