WO2022252760A1 - 多用户多输入多输出检测方法和装置、电子设备、介质 - Google Patents

多用户多输入多输出检测方法和装置、电子设备、介质 Download PDF

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WO2022252760A1
WO2022252760A1 PCT/CN2022/081930 CN2022081930W WO2022252760A1 WO 2022252760 A1 WO2022252760 A1 WO 2022252760A1 CN 2022081930 W CN2022081930 W CN 2022081930W WO 2022252760 A1 WO2022252760 A1 WO 2022252760A1
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detection method
user equipment
user
preset threshold
detection
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PCT/CN2022/081930
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邬钢
张骏凌
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深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司
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Priority to JP2023574287A priority Critical patent/JP2024521214A/ja
Priority to EP22814808.6A priority patent/EP4344073A1/en
Priority to KR1020237040862A priority patent/KR20240004665A/ko
Publication of WO2022252760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022252760A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
    • H04B1/7103—Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
    • H04B1/7105—Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/0848—Joint weighting
    • H04B7/0854—Joint weighting using error minimizing algorithms, e.g. minimum mean squared error [MMSE], "cross-correlation" or matrix inversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
    • H04L25/03203—Trellis search techniques
    • H04L25/03242—Methods involving sphere decoding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/02—CAD in a network environment, e.g. collaborative CAD or distributed simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/10—Noise analysis or noise optimisation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a multiple-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO, Multiplex Input Multiplex Output) detection method and device, electronic equipment, and a computer-readable storage medium.
  • MIMO multiple-user multiple-input multiple-output
  • MIMO technology is one of the key technologies to achieve high spectrum efficiency in wireless communication systems to improve system capacity, and it is also the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G, 5 th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) new radio access technology (NR, New Radio) system an important characteristic of .
  • 5G NR In order to meet the high spectral efficiency requirements of the International Telecommunication Union-Advanced International Mobile Telecommunications (ITU IMT-Advanced) system, 5G NR not only uses single-user MIMO to improve spectral efficiency, but also uses multi-user MIMO technology, that is, at the same time Multiple parallel data streams are sent to different user equipments (UE, User Equipment) under the frequency resource, or different UEs use the same time-frequency resource to send data to the gNB.
  • UE User Equipment
  • the distance between users in multi-user MIMO is larger than the distance between antennas in single-user MIMO, and it is easier to use multiple data streams for parallel transmission, thereby further improving spectrum efficiency.
  • the multi-user MIMO detection technology for 5G NR has become one of the key technologies to determine the performance of 5G NR receivers.
  • SD detection technology can approach the optimal performance in terms of performance, that is, the performance of the Maximum Likelihood (ML, Maximum Likelihood) algorithm, but the complexity is much lower than that of the ML algorithm, so it is often selected as a single-user MIMO detection technology.
  • SD detection technology includes two parts: QR decomposition preprocessing and search body. The search for the latter part is to calculate and compare metrics based on the constellation point symbols corresponding to the modulation mode of each parallel data stream.
  • the complexity of MMSE detection technology is much lower than that of SD detection technology. In some scenarios, the performance can be equal to that of SD detection technology, and there is still room for application.
  • MMSE detection technology is a modulation method that does not need to obtain parallel data streams for testing.
  • the modulation mode of multi-antenna parallel data streams is the modulation mode configured for this user, and the SD detection technology can detect each data stream.
  • the downlink multi-user MIMO of 5G NR since the user cannot obtain the modulation methods of other users, the user cannot perform SD detection according to the modulation method configured for each data stream like single-user MIMO.
  • Related technologies need to change the processing flow of the sending terminal, that is, use the block diagonal algorithm for precoding to eliminate interference between users, and then use the MMSE algorithm at the receiving terminal, that is, the sending terminal and the receiving terminal need to jointly perform processing, and the implementation is relatively complicated.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a multi-user MIMO detection method and device, electronic equipment, and a computer-readable storage medium.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-user MIMO detection method, which is applied to a first user equipment, and the method includes: determining that the received data includes data of the first user equipment and at least one second user In the case of the data of the device, determine a first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment; and use the first detection method to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory, on which at least one program is stored, and when the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the above-mentioned Any kind of multi-user MIMO detection method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the foregoing multi-user MIMO detection methods is implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for multi-user MIMO detection, including: a determination module configured to determine that the received data includes data of the first user equipment and data of at least one second user equipment In this case, the first detection method is determined according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment; and the detection module is configured to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data by using the first detection method.
  • the multi-user MIMO detection method determines the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment when the received data includes the data of the first user equipment and the data of at least one second user equipment , using the first detection method to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data, it is not necessary to obtain the modulation mode of the second user equipment during the entire detection process, and it is not necessary to change the processing flow of the sending terminal, thus simply realizing the detection of the received data detection.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a multi-user MIMO detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the change curve of the detection performance parameter corresponding to the first target ratio corresponding to the different detection methods corresponding to different channel correlations provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of SD path search provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a multi-user MIMO detection device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the situation equal to the threshold value may be classified as a judgment result greater (or smaller) than the threshold value, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the situation equal to the threshold value can also be classified into In the contrary judgment result, this is also within the scope of protection of the present application.
  • the multi-user MIMO detection method of the embodiment of the present application is proposed based on the downlink multi-user MIMO scenario of 5G NR, the multi-user MIMO detection method of the embodiment of the present application is not only applicable to the downlink multi-user MIMO scenario of 5G NR, but also applicable to Any scenario where multi-user MIMO technology is used for data transmission.
  • the multi-user MIMO detection method in the embodiment of the present application is mainly aimed at the detection of downlink data, because the detection of uplink data does not have the problem that the modulation mode of the UE cannot be obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a multi-user MIMO detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-user MIMO detection method applied to a first UE, and the method includes the following steps 100 and 101 .
  • Step 100 When it is determined that the received data includes data of the first UE and data of at least one second UE, determine a first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first UE.
  • the received data includes two or more layers of data, each layer of data corresponds to a data stream, and a data stream can be transmitted through at least one antenna.
  • Each UE may occupy at least one layer of data among two or more layers of data.
  • the data of a UE refers to the data that is intended to be received by the UE, or in other words, the data that is useful to the UE.
  • the second UE refers to a UE other than the first UE, and the number of the second UE may be one or more.
  • any one of the following two methods may be used to determine whether the received data includes data of the first UE and data of at least one second UE, or only includes data of the first UE.
  • Method 1 Judging the magnitude relationship between the first target ratio and the first preset threshold, and if it is judged that the first target ratio is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, determine that the received data includes the data of the first UE and at least The data of a second UE; and if it is determined that the first target ratio is greater than the first preset threshold, it is determined that only the data of the first UE is included in the received data.
  • the first target ratio is the ratio of the reference signal received power (RSRP, Reference Signal Received Power) of the first UE to the sum of the RSRPs of at least one second UE, that is, Wherein, P 1 is the RSRP of the first UE, and P 2i is the RSRP of the ith second UE. It can be understood that when the number of at least one second UE is 1, the sum of the RSRPs of the at least one second UE refers to the value of the RSRP of the one second UE.
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • Method 2 Judging the magnitude relationship between the second target ratio and the third preset threshold, and if it is judged that the second target ratio is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, determine that the received data includes the data of the first UE and at least The data of a second UE; and if it is determined that the second target ratio is smaller than the third preset threshold, it is determined that only the data of the first UE is included in the received data.
  • the second target ratio is the ratio of the sum of the RSRPs of at least one second UE to the RSRP of the first UE, that is
  • only data of the first UE is included, which may indicate that data of other UEs in the received data are regarded as interference and noise.
  • the method for determining the first preset threshold and the third preset threshold is described below.
  • the methods for determining the first preset threshold and the third preset threshold are different.
  • the multi-user MIMO detection method before judging whether the first target ratio is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the multi-user MIMO detection method further includes: if the channel correlation can be detected, detecting channel correlation; according to The detected channel correlation determines a first preset threshold.
  • the channel correlation can be detected means that the channel correlation can be detected accurately; or, the channel correlation can be detected, no matter how high the accuracy of the channel correlation is.
  • the channel correlation may be detected using a detection method known to those skilled in the art.
  • the autocorrelation matrix H H of the channel matrix H is averaged to obtain matrix C, according to the sum of the squares of the modulus of the non-main diagonal elements of C and the square of the modulus of the main diagonal elements
  • the ratio of the sums determines the channel correlation.
  • the ratio can detect channel correlation more accurately when the channel changes slowly, but cannot detect channel correlation well when the channel changes sharply.
  • determining the first preset threshold according to the detected channel correlation includes: determining the detected channel correlation according to a first corresponding relationship between the preset channel correlation and the first preset threshold The corresponding first preset threshold. For example, if the detected channel correlation can be found in the first correspondence, directly search for the first preset threshold corresponding to the detected channel correlation; if the detected channel correlation cannot be found in the first correspondence In the case of the channel correlation of , interpolation calculation is performed on the first corresponding relationship to obtain a first preset threshold corresponding to the detected channel correlation.
  • the channel correlation refers to the correlation of channel estimates of two or more channels, which can be calculated by using a correlation calculation formula based on the channel estimates of two or more channels.
  • the types of channel correlations in the first correspondence relationship may be preset according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific division manner.
  • the channel correlation can be divided into high channel correlation and low channel correlation. High channel correlation means that the channel correlation is greater than or equal to the fifth preset threshold, and low channel correlation means that the channel correlation is less than the fifth preset threshold. Set the threshold.
  • the channel correlation may be divided into intervals according to the range of possible values, and the first preset thresholds corresponding to each interval are considered to be the same.
  • the first preset threshold corresponding to the channel correlation in the first correspondence can be obtained through simulation, that is, under the premise of setting the channel correlation and detection method, simulate the detection performance parameters of the received data , to obtain the change curve of the detection performance parameter corresponding to the detection method with the first target ratio; different detection methods can obtain the corresponding change curves respectively, and the first intersection point of the change curves corresponding to all detection methods corresponding to the same channel correlation is taken.
  • the target ratio is used as a first preset threshold corresponding to the channel correlation.
  • the first detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the second detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the first target ratio of the intersection point of the change curve corresponding to the first detection method and the change curve corresponding to the second detection method is taken as the channel correlation corresponding to the first preset threshold.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the detection performance parameters of different detection methods corresponding to the first preset threshold is less than or equal to the sixth preset threshold.
  • the detection performance parameter may be throughput or bit error rate and the like.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a change curve of a detection performance parameter with a first target ratio corresponding to different detection methods corresponding to different channel correlations provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication parameters of the receiver of the UE are set according to the parameters shown in Table 1, and then different detection methods are used to detect the received data, and corresponding detection performance parameters are obtained.
  • Change the transmission power of the data, thereby changing the RSRP of the data, and then changing the first target ratio, and re-detecting the received data to obtain a series of detection performance parameters corresponding to the first target ratio, and the corresponding first target ratio of this series Detection performance parameters are plotted as change curves.
  • the multi-user MIMO method before judging whether the first target ratio is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, the multi-user MIMO method further includes:
  • the channel correlation cannot be detected, obtain second preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations; and determine the first preset threshold according to the second preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations.
  • the channel correlation cannot be detected means that the channel correlation cannot be accurately detected, or the channel correlation cannot be detected.
  • the second preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations can be obtained through simulation, that is, under the premise of setting the channel correlation and the detection method, the detection performance parameters of the received data are simulated to obtain the detection method
  • the first detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the second detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the first target ratio of the intersection point of the change curve corresponding to the first detection method and the change curve corresponding to the second detection method is taken as the channel correlation
  • the corresponding second preset threshold It can be seen that, when the second detection method is fixed, the second preset thresholds corresponding to different first detection methods are also different. When the first detection method is fixed, the second preset thresholds corresponding to different second detection methods are also different.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the detection performance parameters of different detection methods corresponding to the second preset threshold is less than or equal to the sixth preset threshold.
  • determining the first preset threshold according to the second preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations includes: determining that the first preset threshold is an average of the second preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations value.
  • the first preset threshold can be set to 7.5dB.
  • the first detection method is the MMSE detection method
  • the second detection method is the SD-IRC detection method
  • the modulation mode of the first UE is 256-QAM, as shown in Table 2
  • the second The preset threshold is 33dB; as shown in Table 3, the second preset threshold corresponding to low channel correlation is 28dB; then the first preset threshold can be set to 30.5dB.
  • the multi-user MIMO detection method before judging whether the second target ratio is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold, the multi-user MIMO detection method further includes: if the channel correlation can be detected, detecting channel correlation; and , determining a third preset threshold according to the detected channel correlation.
  • determining the third preset threshold according to the detected channel correlation includes: determining the detected channel correlation according to a second corresponding relationship between the preset channel correlation and the third preset threshold corresponding to the third preset threshold.
  • the types of channel correlations in the second correspondence relationship may be preset according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific division manner.
  • the channel correlation will be divided into high channel correlation and low channel correlation, high channel correlation means that the channel correlation is greater than or equal to the fifth preset threshold, and low channel correlation means that the channel correlation is less than the fifth preset threshold.
  • Set the threshold As another example, the channel correlation may be divided into intervals according to the range of possible values, and the first preset thresholds corresponding to each interval are considered to be the same.
  • the third preset threshold corresponding to the channel correlation in the second correspondence can be obtained through simulation, that is, under the premise of setting the channel correlation and detection method, simulate the detection performance parameters of the received data , to obtain the change curve of the detection performance parameter corresponding to the detection method with the second target ratio; different detection methods can obtain the corresponding change curves respectively, and take the second of the intersection points of the change curves corresponding to all detection methods corresponding to the same channel correlation
  • the target ratio is used as a third preset threshold corresponding to the channel correlation.
  • the first detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the second detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the second target ratio of the intersection point of the change curve corresponding to the first detection method and the change curve corresponding to the second detection method is taken as the channel correlation corresponding to the third preset threshold.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the detection performance parameters of different detection methods corresponding to the third preset threshold is less than or equal to the sixth preset threshold.
  • the method before judging whether the second target ratio is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the method further includes: if the channel correlation cannot be detected, acquiring a fifth preset value corresponding to a different channel correlation Setting a threshold; and determining a third preset threshold according to fifth preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations.
  • the fifth preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations can be obtained through simulation, that is, under the premise of setting the channel correlation and the detection method, the detection performance parameters of the received data are simulated to obtain the detection method
  • the change curve of the corresponding detection performance parameter with the second target ratio; different detection methods can obtain the corresponding change curves respectively, and the second target ratio of the intersection point of the change curves corresponding to all detection methods corresponding to the same channel correlation is taken as the second target ratio
  • the first detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the second detection method corresponds to a change curve
  • the second target ratio of the intersection point of the change curve corresponding to the first detection method and the change curve corresponding to the second detection method is taken as the channel correlation corresponding to the fifth preset threshold.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the detection performance parameters of different detection methods corresponding to the fifth preset threshold is less than or equal to the sixth preset threshold.
  • determining the third preset threshold according to the fifth preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations includes: determining that the third preset threshold is an average of the fifth preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations value.
  • determining the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first UE includes: determining the detection method with the best detection performance as the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first UE.
  • determining the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first UE includes: in the case that the modulation mode of the first UE is a low modulation mode, determining that the first detection method is sphere decoding-low modulation mode A detection method; wherein, in the process of performing multi-user joint detection (to be described in detail below) on the received data by using the first detection method, the modulation mode of the second UE is set to be the same as the modulation mode of the first user equipment; And, wherein, the low modulation mode is a modulation mode whose modulation order is less than or equal to the fourth preset threshold, for example, the low modulation mode may be QPSK or Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK, Binary Phase Shift Keying).
  • BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
  • the detection performance of the sphere decoding-low modulation mode detection method is better than that of the MMSE detection method, that is, the detection method with better detection performance.
  • the sphere decoding-low modulation mode detection method essentially uses the sphere decoding detection method for detection. Since the first UE cannot obtain the modulation method of the second UE, after uniformly setting the modulation method of the second UE to the same modulation method as the low modulation method of the first UE, it can be regarded as single-user detection, that is, the essence The above is a single-user detection using the spherical decoding detection method.
  • the coded bit stream is mapped to the constellation diagram and forms M T transmit symbols Among them, O is a set of constellation points.
  • Y is the received data
  • N 0 is noise.
  • LLR Likelihood Ratio
  • x i,k is the value of the kth bit of the ith transmitted symbol
  • D ML
  • 2 is the Euclidean distance of the ML path
  • s ML is the transmitted symbol corresponding to the ML path
  • D MLC
  • 2 is the Euclidean distance of the maximum likelihood classification (MLC, Maximum Likelihood Classification) path of the complement set of the ML path
  • s MLC is the emission symbol corresponding to the MLC path
  • the complement set indicates that each emission symbol is in the constellation
  • SD is to simplify the search process to the search of tree nodes as shown in Figure 3, and it is a matter of choice.
  • Each parent node contains a number of sub-nodes of constellation points, which are searched sequentially from the root node to the leaf node; the reserved number of nodes in each layer is used to select the node tree, and finally the optimal path is selected as the ML path among the remaining complete paths.
  • the transmission symbols of the first UE i.e., UE0 in FIG. 3 ) shown in FIG.
  • the modulation method is QPSK modulation, the modulation method of the second UE (that is, UE1 in Figure 3) cannot be obtained by the first UE, and the transmitted symbol of the second UE is used in the search
  • the modulation method is forced to be set to QPSK, so there are 4 transmitted symbols participating in the search.
  • n i is the number of child nodes reserved under the parent node
  • determining the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first UE includes: when the modulation mode of the first UE is a high modulation mode, determining that the first detection method is an MMSE detection method; wherein, the high The modulation mode is a modulation mode whose modulation order is greater than the fourth preset threshold, for example, 64-QAM, 128-QAM, 256-QAM and so on.
  • the detection performance of the MMSE detection method is better than that of the spherical decoding-low modulation mode, that is, the detection method with better detection performance.
  • the MMSE detection method is to jointly detect the first UE and the second UE, that is, formula (4).
  • Step 101 Perform multi-user joint detection on the received data by using the first detection method.
  • the method when it is determined that the received data only includes data of the first UE, the method further includes: performing single-user detection on the data of the first UE in the received data using a second detection method .
  • multi-user joint detection means that all received data is considered as data sent to the UE for detection
  • single-user detection means that only the data of the first UE is considered as data sent to the UE
  • other The data are considered as interference signals for detection.
  • the second detection method may be a Sphere Decoding-Interference Rejection Combination (SD-IRC, Sphere Decoding-Interference Rejection Combination) detection method or the like.
  • SD-IRC Sphere Decoding-Interference Rejection Combination
  • the SD-IRC detection method means that the first UE does not jointly perform sphere decoding detection with the second UE, and only performs single-user detection of the first UE. Before performing sphere decoding detection, the second UE is combined as interference and noise. IRC.
  • the coded bit stream is mapped to the constellation diagram and forms M T transmit symbols Among them, O is a set of constellation points.
  • Y is the data received by the first UE
  • N 0 is noise
  • Equation (7) is obtained by cholescy decomposition of the covariance matrix.
  • V is the covariance matrix
  • the first detection method in Figure 2 is a spherical decoding-low modulation detection method
  • the second detection method is an SD-IRC detection method
  • the detection performance parameters corresponding to the first detection method are greater than those corresponding to the second detection method, so that the detection performance of the first detection method is better, that is, the sphere decoding-low modulation detection method
  • the detection performance is better; if the first target ratio is greater than the first preset threshold, the change curve corresponding to the second detection method is above the change curve corresponding to the first detection method, that is to say, the change curve corresponding to the second detection method
  • the detection performance parameter is greater than the detection performance parameter corresponding to the first detection method, so that the detection performance of the second detection method
  • the multi-user MIMO detection method determines the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment for the case where the received data includes the data of the first user equipment and the data of at least one second user equipment,
  • the first detection method is used to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data. In the whole detection process, it is not necessary to obtain the modulation mode of the second user equipment, and it is not necessary to change the processing flow of the sending terminal, thereby simply realizing the detection of the received data. detection.
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory, at least one program is stored in the memory, and when the at least one program is executed by at least one processor, any of the above-mentioned multi-user MIMO can be realized Detection method.
  • the processor is a device with data processing capability, which includes but not limited to central processing unit (CPU), etc.
  • the memory is a device with data storage capability, which includes but not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM , DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), charged erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (FLASH).
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EEPROM charged erasable programmable read-only memory
  • FLASH flash memory
  • the processor and the memory are connected to each other through a bus, and further connected to other components of the computing device.
  • Yet another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the foregoing multi-user MIMO detection methods is implemented.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a multi-user MIMO detection device provided in this embodiment.
  • this embodiment provides a multi-user MIMO detection apparatus, which may be set in a first UE, and the apparatus includes: a determination module 401 configured to determine that the received data includes data of the first user equipment In the case of the data of at least one second user equipment, the first detection method is determined according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment; and the detection module 402 is configured to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data by using the first detection method.
  • a determination module 401 configured to determine that the received data includes data of the first user equipment In the case of the data of at least one second user equipment, the first detection method is determined according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment; and the detection module 402 is configured to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data by using the first detection method.
  • the detection module 402 is further configured to: when it is judged that the received data only includes the data of the first user equipment, use the second detection method to detect the data of the first user equipment in the received data Perform single user detection.
  • the determining module 401 is configured to determine that the received data includes data of the first user equipment and data of at least one second user equipment in the following manner: it is determined that the first target ratio is less than or equal to the first target ratio A preset threshold; wherein, the first target ratio is a ratio of the sum of the reference signal received power of the first user equipment and the sum of the reference signal received power of at least one second user equipment.
  • the determination module 401 is further configured to: detect the channel correlation if the channel correlation can be detected; and determine the first preset threshold according to the detected channel correlation.
  • the determining module 401 is further configured to determine the first preset threshold according to the detected channel correlation in the following manner: according to the first threshold between the preset channel correlation and the first preset threshold Corresponding relationship, determining a first preset threshold corresponding to the detected channel correlation.
  • the determination module 401 is further configured to: in the case that the channel correlation cannot be detected, obtain the second preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations; The preset threshold determines a first preset threshold.
  • the determining module 401 is further configured to determine the first preset thresholds according to the second preset thresholds corresponding to different channel correlations in the following manner: determine the first preset thresholds as the respective channel correlations The corresponding average value of the second preset threshold.
  • the determining module 401 is further configured to implement the judging that the received data includes the data of the first user equipment and the data of at least one second user equipment in the following manner: judging that the second target The ratio is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold; wherein, the second target ratio is a ratio of the sum of the reference signal received power of at least one second user equipment to the reference signal received power of the first user equipment.
  • the determination module 401 is further configured to determine the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment in the following manner: when the modulation mode of the first user equipment is a low modulation mode, determine the first detection method A detection method is a spherical decoding-low modulation method detection method; wherein, in the multi-user joint detection process of the received data using the first detection method, the modulation method of the second user equipment is set to be the same as that of the first user equipment.
  • the modulation modes are the same; and the low modulation mode is a modulation mode whose modulation order is less than or equal to the fourth preset threshold.
  • the determining module 401 is further configured to determine the first detection method according to the modulation mode of the first user equipment in the following manner: when the modulation mode of the first user equipment is a high modulation mode, determine the first detection method A detection method is a minimum mean square error detection method; wherein, the high modulation mode is a modulation mode with a modulation order greater than a fourth preset threshold.
  • the specific implementation process of the multi-user MIMO detection device in the embodiment of the present application is the same as the specific implementation process of the multi-user MIMO detection method in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the functional modules/units in the system, and the device can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and an appropriate combination thereof.
  • the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be composed of several physical components. Components cooperate to execute.
  • Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit .
  • Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media).
  • computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. permanent, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cartridges, tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage, or may be used Any other medium that stores desired information and can be accessed by a computer.
  • communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media .

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Abstract

提供了一种多用户多输入多输出检测方法和装置、电子设备、计算机可读存储介质，方法包括：在判断出接收的数据中包括第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况下，根据第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法（100）；以及，采用第一检测方法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测（101）。

Description

多用户多输入多输出检测方法和装置、电子设备、介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年5月31日提交的中国专利申请CN202110606044.9的优先权，该中国专利申请的内容通过引用的方式整体合并于此。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及多用户多输入多输出(MIMO，Multiplex Input Multiplex Output)检测方法和装置、电子设备、计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
MIMO技术是无线通信系统中实现高频谱效率以提高系统容量的关键技术之一，也是第五代移动通信技术(5G，5 th Generation Mobile Communication Technology)新无线接入技术(NR，New Radio)系统的一个重要特性。为了满足国际电信联盟—高级国际移动通信(ITU IMT-Advanced)对于系统的高频谱效率要求，5G NR在采用单用户MIMO提高频谱效率的同时，还采用了多用户MIMO技术，即在相同的时频资源下将多个并行的数据流发给不同用户设备(UE，User Equipment)，或不同UE采用相同的时频资源将数据发送给gNB。多用户MIMO中用户间的距离比单用户MIMO中天线间的距离要大，更容易采用多数据流进行并行传输，从而进一步提高频谱效率。相应的，对于5G NR的多用户MIMO检测技术就成为决定5G NR接收机性能的关键技术之一。
常规的MIMO检测技术有最小均方误差(MMSE，Minimum Mean Square Error)检测技术和球形译码(SD，Sphere Decoding)检测技术。SD检测技术在性能上能逼近最优性能，即最大似然(ML，Maximum Likelihood)算法的性能，而复杂度远低于ML算法，因此常被选做进行单用户MIMO检测技术。SD检测技术中包括QR分解预处理和搜索主体两个部分，对后一部分的搜索是要依据每个并行数据流的调制方式所对应的星座点符号来计算度量进行比较。而MMSE检测技术的复杂度又远低于SD检测技术，在某些场景下性能也可以和SD检测技术持平，仍有可应用的空间，MMSE检测技术是在不需要获得并行数据流的调制方式进行检测的。
在单用户MIMO下多天线并行数据流的调制方式是对本用户配置的调制方式，SD检测技术可以对每个数据流进行检测。然而在5G NR的下行多用户MIMO下，由于本用户不能获得其他用户的调制方式，使得本用户在进行SD检测时并不能像单用户MIMO那样根据每个数据流配置的调制方式进行检测。相关技术需要改变发送终端的处理流程，即采用块对角算法进行预编码，消除用户间的干扰，然后在接收终端采用MMSE算法，也就是需要发送终端和接收终端联合进行处理，实现比较复杂。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种多用户MIMO检测方法和装置、电子设备、计算机可读存储介质。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种多用户MIMO检测方法，应用于第一用户设备，该方法包括：在判断出接收的数据中包括所述第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况下，根据所述第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法；以及，采用所述第一检测方法对所述接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，包括：至少一个处理器；以及存储器，存储器上存储有至少一个程序，当所述至少一个程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时，实现上述任意一种多用户MIMO检测方法。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述任意一种多用户MIMO检测方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种多用户MIMO检测装置，包括：确定模块，配置为在判断出接收的数据中包括所述第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况下，根据所述第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法；以及检测模块，配置为采用所述第一检测方法对所述接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
本申请实施例提供的多用户MIMO检测方法，针对接收的数据中包括第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况下，根据第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法，采用第一检测方法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测，整个检测过程中并不需要获得第二用户设备的调制方式，也不需要改变发送终端的处理流程，从而简单的实现了对接收数据的检测。
附图说明
图1为本申请一个实施例提供的多用户MIMO检测方法的流程图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的不同信道相关性对应的不同检测方法对应的检测性能参数随第一目标比值的变化曲线的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的SD路径搜索的示意图；
图4为本申请另一个实施例提供的多用户MIMO检测装置的组成框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请提供的多用户MIMO检测方法和装置、电子设备、介质进行详细描述。
在下文中将参考附图更充分地描述示例实施例，但是所述示例实施例可以以不同形式来体现且不应当被解释为限于本文阐述的实施例。提供这些实施例的目的在于使本申请透彻和完整，并使本领域技术人员充分理解本申请的范围。
在不冲突的情况下，本申请各实施例及实施例中的各特征可相互组合。
如本文所使用的，术语“和/或”包括至少一个相关列举条目的任何和所有组合。
本文所使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施例，且不意欲限制本申请。如本文所使用的，单数形式“一个”和“该”也意欲包括复数形式，除非上下文另外清楚指出。还 将理解的是，当本说明书中使用术语“包括”和/或“由……制成”时，指定存在特定特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但不排除存在或可添加至少一个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组。此外，尽管本文中在涉及到阈值时，可能将与阈值相等的情形划分到比阈值大(或小)的判断结果，但本领域普通技术人员可以理解，也可以将与阈值相等的情形划分到与之相反的判断结果中，这也在本申请的保护范围内。
除非另外限定，否则本文所用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)的含义与本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。还将理解，诸如那些在常用字典中限定的那些术语应当被解释为具有与其在相关技术以及本申请的背景下的含义一致的含义，且将不解释为具有理想化或过度形式上的含义，除非本文明确如此限定。
本申请实施例的多用户MIMO检测方法虽然是基于5G NR的下行多用户MIMO场景提出的，但是本申请实施例的多用户MIMO检测方法不仅适用于5G NR的下行多用户MIMO场景，也适用于任何采用多用户MIMO技术进行数据传输的场景。
本申请实施例的多用户MIMO检测方法主要针对下行数据的检测，这是由于上行数据的检测不存在无法获得UE的调制方式的问题。
图1为本申请一个实施例提供的多用户MIMO检测方法的流程图。
参照图1，本申请一个实施例提供一种多用户MIMO检测方法，应用于第一UE，该方法包括下述步骤100和101。
步骤100、在判断出接收的数据中包括第一UE的数据和至少一个第二UE的数据的情况下，根据第一UE的调制方式确定第一检测方法。
在本申请实施例中，接收的数据包括两层或两层以上数据，每一层数据对应一个数据流，一个数据流可以通过至少一个天线传输。每一个UE可以占用两层或两层以上数据中的至少一层数据。
在本申请实施例中，一个UE的数据指的是以该UE作为预定接收目标的数据，或者说，是对该UE有用的数据。此外，第二UE指的是除第一UE之外的UE，第二UE的数量可以是一个或多个。
在本申请实施例中，可以采用以下两种方法中的任意一种方法判断接收的数据中是包括第一UE的数据和至少一个第二UE的数据，还是仅包括第一UE的数据。
方法一、对第一目标比值与第一预设阈值的大小关系进行判断，如果判断出第一目标比值小于或等于第一预设阈值，则确定接收的数据中包括第一UE的数据和至少一个第二UE的数据；而如果判断出第一目标比值大于第一预设阈值，则确定接收的数据中仅包括第一UE的数据。
在方法一中，第一目标比值为第一UE的参考信号接收功率(RSRP，Reference Signal Received Power)与至少一个第二UE的RSRP之和的比值，即
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000001
其中，P 1为第一UE的RSRP，P 2i为第i个第二UE的RSRP。可以理解的是，当至少一个第二UE的数目为1时，至少一个第二UE的RSRP之和指的就是该一个第二UE的RSRP的值。
方法二、对第二目标比值与第三预设阈值的大小关系进行判断，如果判断出第二目标比值大于或等于第三预设阈值，则确定接收的数据中包括第一UE的数据和至少一个第二UE的数据；而如果判断出第二目标比值小于第三预设阈值，确定接收的数据中仅包括第一UE的数据。
在方法二中，第二目标比值为至少一个第二UE的RSRP之和与第一UE的RSRP的比值，即
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000002
另外，在本申请实施例中，仅包括第一UE的数据，可以表示将接收的数据中的其他UE的数据作为干扰和噪声。
下面描述第一预设阈值和第三预设阈值的确定方法。
针对信道相关性可以检测的情况和信道相关性不能检测的情况，第一预设阈值和第三预设阈值的确定方法均不相同。
(一)第一预设阈值的确定方法
在一些示例性实施例中，在判断第一目标比值是否小于或等于第一预设阈值之前，该多用户MIMO检测方法还包括：在信道相关性可以检测的情况下，检测信道相关性；根据检测到的信道相关性确定第一预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，信道相关性可以检测是指信道相关性可以准确检测；或者，可以检测到信道相关性，而不管信道相关性的准确度有多高。
在一些示例性实施例中，可以采用本领域技术人员熟知的检测方法检测信道相关性。例如，在一定的时频范围内对信道矩阵H的自相关矩阵H H做平均得到矩阵C，根据C的非主对角线元素的模的平方之和与主对角线元素的模的平方之和的比值确定信道相关性。但是实际信道存在时频变化，该比值在信道变化缓慢时可以比较准确的检测信道相关性，而在信道变化剧烈时就不能很好检测信道相关性。
在一些示例性实施例中，根据检测到的信道相关性确定第一预设阈值包括：根据预先设置的信道相关性和第一预设阈值之间的第一对应关系，确定检测到的信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值。例如，在在第一对应关系中能够查找到检测到的信道相关性的情况下，直接查找检测到的信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值；在在第一对应关系中查找不到检测到的信道相关性的情况下，对第一对应关系进行插值计算，得到检测到的信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，信道相关性是指两个或两个以上信道的信道估计的相关性，可以根据两个或两个以上信道的信道估计采用相关性计算公式进行计算得到。
在一些示例性实施例中，第一对应关系中信道相关性的种类可以根据实际需要预先设定，本申请实施例对具体的划分方式不作限定。例如，可以将信道相关性划分为高信道相关性和低信道相关性，高信道相关性是指信道相关性大于或等于第五预设阈值，低信道相关性是指信道相关性小于第五预设阈值。又如，可以将信道相关性按照可取值范围进行区间划分，每一个区间对应的第一预设阈值认为是一样的。
在一些示例性实施例中，第一对应关系中信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值可以通过仿真获得，也就是在设定信道相关性和检测方法的前提下，仿真接收数据的检测性 能参数，得到检测方法对应的检测性能参数随第一目标比值的变化曲线；不同的检测方法可以分别得到对应的变化曲线，取同一信道相关性对应的所有的检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第一目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值。例如，第一检测方法对应一条变化曲线，第二检测方法对应一条变化曲线，取第一检测方法对应的变化曲线和第二检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第一目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值。由此可见，在第二检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同的第一检测方法对应的第一预设阈值也不相同。在第一检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同第二检测方法对应的第一预设阈值也不相同。
也就是说，第一预设阈值对应的不同检测方法的检测性能参数之差的绝对值小于或等于第六预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，检测性能参数可以是吞吐量或误码率等。
例如，图2为本申请实施例提供的不同信道相关性对应的不同检测方法对应的检测性能参数随第一目标比值的变化曲线的示意图。如图2所示，将UE的接收机的通信参数按照表1所示的参数进行设置，然后分别采用不同的检测方法对接收的数据进行检测，并获得对应的检测性能参数。改变数据的发射功率，从而改变数据的RSRP，进而改变第一目标比值，重新对接收的数据进行检测，得到一系列第一目标比值对应的检测性能参数，将这一系列第一目标比值对应的检测性能参数绘制成变化曲线。
保持信道相关性不变，改变检测方法重新进行检测，得到不同检测方法对应的变化曲线，如图2所示，分别得到高信道相关性下两种检测方法对应的变化曲线，以及低信道相关性下两种检测方法对应的变化曲线。从图2可以看出，高信道相关性下两种检测方法对应的变化曲线相交于一点(如图2中的点1所示)，相交的点1对应的第一目标比值(如图2中为10分贝(dB))即为高信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值；低信道相关性下两种检测方法对应的变化曲线也相交于一点(如图2中的点2所示)，相交的点2对应的第一目标比值(如图2中为5)即为低信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000004
在一些示例性实施例中，在判断第一目标比值是否小于或等于第一预设阈值之前，该多用户MIMO方法还包括：
在信道相关性不能检测的情况下，获取不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值；以及根据不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值确定第一预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，信道相关性不能检测是指信道相关性不能准确检测，或者无法检测到信道相关性。
在一些示例性实施例中，不同信道相关性对应的第二预设阈值可以通过仿真获得，也就是在设定信道相关性和检测方法的前提下，仿真接收数据的检测性能参数，得到检测方法对应的检测性能参数随第一目标比值的变化曲线；不同的检测方法可以分别得到对应的变化曲线，取同一信道相关性对应的所有的检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第一目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第二预设阈值。例如，第一检测方法对应一条变化曲线，第二检测方法对应一条变化曲线，取第一检测方法对应的变化曲线和第二检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第一目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第二预设阈值。由此可见，在第二检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同的第一检测方法对应的第二预设阈值也不相同。在第一检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同第二检测方法对应的第二预设阈值也不相同。
也就是说，第二预设阈值对应的不同检测方法的检测性能参数之差的绝对值小于或等于第六预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，根据不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值确定第一预设阈值包括：确定第一预设阈值为不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值的平均值。
例如，如图2所示，假设对于同一个第一检测方法和第二检测方法，高信道相关性对应的第二预设阈值为10dB，低信道相关性对应的第二预设阈值为5dB，那么第一预设阈值可以设置为7.5dB。
又如，当第一检测方法为MMSE检测方法，第二检测方法为SD-IRC检测方法，第一UE的调制方式为256-QAM时，如表2所示，高信道相关性对应的第二预设阈值为33dB；如表3所示，低信道相关性对应的第二预设阈值为28dB；那么第一预设阈值可以设置为30.5dB。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000005
表3
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000007
(二)第三预设阈值的确定方法
在一些示例性实施例中，在判断第二目标比值是否大于或等于第三预设阈值之前，该多用户MIMO检测方法还包括：在信道相关性可以检测的情况下，检测信道相关性；以及，根据检测到的信道相关性确定第三预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，根据检测到的信道相关性确定第三预设阈值包括：根据预先设置的信道相关性和第三预设阈值之间的第二对应关系，确定检测到的信道相关性对应的第三预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，第二对应关系中信道相关性的种类可以根据实际需要预先设定，本申请实施例对具体的划分方式不作限定。例如，将将信道相关性划分为高信道相关性和低信道相关性，高信道相关性是指信道相关性大于或等于第五预设阈值，低信道相关性是指信道相关性小于第五预设阈值。又如，可以将信道相关性按照可取值范围进行区间划分，每一个区间对应的第一预设阈值认为是一样的。
在一些示例性实施例中，第二对应关系中信道相关性对应的第三预设阈值可以通过仿真获得，也就是在设定信道相关性和检测方法的前提下，仿真接收数据的检测性能参数，得到检测方法对应的检测性能参数随第二目标比值的变化曲线；不同的检测方法可以分别得到对应的变化曲线，取同一信道相关性对应的所有的检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第二目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第三预设阈值。例如，第一检测方法对应一条变化曲线，第二检测方法对应一条变化曲线，取第一检测方法对应的变化曲线和第二检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第二目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第三预设阈值。由此可见，在第二检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同的第一检测方法对应的第三预设阈值也不相同。在第一检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同第二检测方法对应的第三预设阈值也不相同。
也就是说，第三预设阈值对应的不同检测方法的检测性能参数之差的绝对值小于或等于第六预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，在判断第二目标比值是否大于或等于第三预设阈值之前，该方法还包括：在信道相关性不能检测的情况下，获取不同信道相关性对应的第五预设阈值；以及，根据不同信道相关性对应的第五预设阈值确定第三预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，不同信道相关性对应的第五预设阈值可以通过仿真获得，也就是在设定信道相关性和检测方法的前提下，仿真接收数据的检测性能参数，得到检测方法对应的检测性能参数随第二目标比值的变化曲线；不同的检测方法可以分别得到对应的变化曲线，取同一信道相关性对应的所有的检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第二目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第五预设阈值。例如，第一检测方法对应一条变化曲线，第二检测方法对应一条变化曲线，取第一检测方法对应的变化曲线和第二检测方法对应的变化曲线的交点的第二目标比值作为该信道相关性对应的第五预设阈值。由此可见，在第二检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同的第一检测方法对应的第五预设阈值也不相同。在第一检测方法固定不变的情况下，不同第二检测方法对应的第五预设阈值也不相同。
也就是说，第五预设阈值对应的不同检测方法的检测性能参数之差的绝对值小于或等于第六预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，根据不同信道相关性各自对应的第五预设阈值确定第三预设阈值包括：确定第三预设阈值为不同信道相关性各自对应的第五预设阈值的平均值。
在一些示例性实施例中，根据第一UE的调制方式确定第一检测方法包括：根据第一UE的调制方式确定检测性能最优的检测方法为第一检测方法。
在一些示例性实施例中，根据第一UE的调制方式确定第一检测方法包括：在第一UE的调制方式为低调制方式的情况下，确定第一检测方法为球形译码—低调制方式检测方法；其中，在采用第一检测方法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测(将在下文中详述)的过程中，将第二UE的调制方式设置为与第一用户设备的调制方式相同；并且，其中，低调制方式为调制阶数小于或等于第四预设阈值的调制方式，例如低调制方式可以是QPSK或两相相移键控(BPSK，Binary Phase Shift Keying)等。
也就是说，在第一UE的调制方式为低调制方式的情况下，球形译码—低调制方式检测方法的检测性能优于MMSE检测方法，即检测性能较优的检测方法。
在本申请实施例中，球形译码—低调制方式检测方法本质上是采用球形译码检测方法进行检测。由于第一UE无法获得第二UE的调制方式，因此，将第二UE的调制方式统一设置成与第一UE的低调制方式相同的调制方式后，可以看成是单用户检测，也就是本质上是采用球形译码检测方法进行单用户检测。
下面简单介绍球形译码检测方法的检测过程。
假设多用户MIMO系统包括M T个发射数据流和M R>M T个接收天线，编码后的比特流映射到星座图上并形成M T个发射符号
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000008
其中，O是星座点集合。以M T＝4，M R＝4，一个第二UE为例，第一UE接收的数据表示为公式(1)。
Y＝Hs+N 0              (1)
其中，Y为接收的数据，
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000009
为信道估计矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000010
为发射数据流，N 0为噪声。
对公式(1)中的信道估计矩阵H做QR分解，即H＝QR，然后对接收的数据Y做预处理，即公式(2)。
Z＝Q HY＝Q HQRs+Q HN 0＝Rs+N' 0        (2)
假设第i个发射符号第k个比特输出的似然比(LLR，Likelihood Ratio)值可以表示为LLR i，k，即公式(3)。
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000011
其中，x i，k为第i个发射符号第k个比特的值，D ML＝||Z-Rs ML|| 2为ML路径的欧式距离，s ML为ML路径对应的发射符号，D MLC＝||Z-Rs MLC|| 2为ML路径的补集最大似然分类(MLC，Maximum Likelihood Classification)路径的欧式距离，s MLC为MLC路径对应的发射符号，补集表示各发射符号在星座图中去掉x i，k对应的路径后的路径集合。
最大似然检测可以采用上述两式进行路径的遍历搜索达到最优性能，但是运算量非常大，SD是将搜索过程简化成如图3所示的树形节点的搜索，取舍的问题。每个父节点下面均包含星座点数个子节点，从根节点到叶节点依次搜索；各层节点保留数对节点树进行取舍，最终在保留下来的几条完整路径中选择最优路径作为ML路径。图3中所示第一UE(即图3中的UE0)的发射符号
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000012
的调制方式为QPSK调制，第二UE(即图3中的UE1)的调制方式不能被第一UE获得，搜索中将第二UE的发射符号
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000013
的调制方式强制设置为QPSK，这样共有4个发射符号参与搜索。
假设各层保留节点数n s＝(n 4,n 3,n 2,n 1) T取(4,1,1,1)，其中，n i为父节点下面保留的子节点的个数，从图3中可见最终幸存下来的完整路径数为4(即图3中的虚线路径)，最终这4条路径中的最优路径(即左边第二条虚线路径)即为ML路径。
在一些示例性实施例中，根据第一UE的调制方式确定第一检测方法包括：在第一UE的调制方式为高调制方式的情况下，确定第一检测方法为MMSE检测方法；其中，高调制方式为调制阶数大于第四预设阈值的调制方式，例如，64-QAM、128-QAM、256-QAM等。
也就是说，在第一UE的调制方式为高调制方式的情况下，MMSE检测方法的检测性能优于球形译码—低调制方式，即检测性能较优的检测方法。
下面简单介绍MMSE检测方法的检测过程。
MMSE检测方法是将第一UE和第二UE进行联合检测，即公式(4)。
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000014
从
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000015
的前2路得到
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000016
的估计，再进行解调得到LLR值。
步骤101、采用第一检测方法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
在一些示例性实施例中，在判断出接收的数据中仅包括第一UE的数据的情况下，该方法还包括：采用第二检测方法对接收的数据中第一UE的数据进行单用户检测。
在本申请实施例中，多用户联合检测是指将接收的所有数据都认为是发送给UE的数据进行检测，单用户检测是指仅将第一UE的数据认为是发送给UE的数据，其他的数据认为是干扰信号进行检测。
在一些示例性实施例中，第二检测方法可以是球形译码—干扰抑制合并(SD-IRC，Sphere Decoding-Interference Rejection Combination)检测方法等。
下面简单介绍SD-IRC检测方法的检测过程。
SD-IRC检测方法是指第一UE不与第二UE联合做球形译码检测，仅执行第一UE的单用户检测，在执行球形译码检测之前，第二UE被当做干扰和噪声合并进行IRC。
假设多用户MIMO系统包括M T个发射数据流和M R>M T个接收天线，编码后的比特流映射到星座图上并形成M T个发射符号
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000017
其中，O是星座点集合。以M T＝4， M R＝4，一个第二UE为例，第一UE接收的数据表示为公式(5)。
Y＝H 1s 1+H 2s 2+N 0           (5)
其中，Y为第一UE接收的数据，N 0为噪声，
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000018
为第一UE对应的信道估计矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000019
为第二UE对应的信道估计矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000020
为第一UE对应的发射符号，
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000021
为第二UE对应的发射符号。
计算第一UE的干扰和噪声的协方差矩阵，即公式(6)。
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000022
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000023
为协方差矩阵。
对协方差矩阵进行cholescy分解得到公式(7)。
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000024
其中，V为协方差矩阵
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000025
的上三角矩阵。
对上三角矩阵V进行逆操作得到公式(8)，再执行公式(9)和公式(10)的白化处理，将白化处理结果输入到SD检测方法中进行2路数据的SD检测得到2路数据的似然比(LLR，Likelihood Ratio)值。
U＝(V) -H                    (8)
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2022081930-appb-000027
在本申请实施例中，如图2所示，假设图2中的第一种检测方法为球形译码—低调制方式检测方法，第二种检测方法为SD-IRC检测方法，那么从图2中可以看出，在高信道相关性下，如果第一目标比值小于或等于第一预设阈值，则第一种检测方法对应的变化曲线在第二种检测方法对应的变化曲线上面，也就是说，第一种检测方法对应的检测性能参数大于第二种检测方法对应的检测性能参数，从而得出第一种检测方法的检测性能更优，也就是球形译码—低调制方式检测方法的检测性能更优；如果第一目标比值大于第一预设阈值，则第二种检测方法对应的变化曲线在第一种检测方法对应的变化曲线上面，也就是说，第二种检测方法对应的检测性能参数大于第一种检测方法对应的检测性能参数，从而得出第二种检测方法的检测性能更优，也就是SD-IRC检测方法的检测性能更优；在低信道相关性下，如果第一目标比值小于或等于第一预设阈值，则第一种检测方法对应的变化曲线在第二种检测方法对应的变化曲线上面，也就是说，第一种检测方法对应的检测性能参数大于第二种检测方法对应的检测性能参数，从而得出第一种检测方法的检测性能更优，也就是球形译码—低调制方式检测方法的检测性能更优；如果第一目标比值大于第一预设阈值，则第二种检测方 法对应的变化曲线在第一种检测方法对应的变化曲线上面，也就是说，第二种检测方法对应的检测性能参数大于第一种检测方法对应的检测性能参数，从而得出第二种检测方法的检测性能更优，也就是SD-IRC检测方法的检测性能更优。
本申请实施例提供的多用户MIMO检测方法，针对接收的数据中包括第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况，根据第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法，采用第一检测方法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测，整个检测过程中并不需要获得第二用户设备的调制方式，也不需要改变发送终端的处理流程，从而简单的实现了对接收数据的检测。
本申请另一个实施例提供一种电子设备，包括：至少一个处理器；以及存储器，存储器上存储有至少一个程序，当至少一个程序被至少一个处理器执行时，实现上述任意一种多用户MIMO检测方法。
其中，处理器为具有数据处理能力的器件，其包括但不限于中央处理器(CPU)等；存储器为具有数据存储能力的器件，其包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM，更具体如SDRAM、DDR等)、只读存储器(ROM)、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)。
在一些实施例中，处理器、存储器通过总线相互连接，进而与计算设备的其它组件连接。
本申请又一个实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述任意一种多用户MIMO检测方法。
图4为该实施例提供的多用户MIMO检测装置的组成框图。
参照图4，该实施例提供一种多用户MIMO检测装置，该装置可以设置在第一UE中，该装置包括：确定模块401，配置为在判断出接收的数据中包括第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况下，根据第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法；以及检测模块402，配置为采用第一检测方法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
在一些示例性实施例中，检测模块402还配置为：在判断出接收的数据中仅包括第一用户设备的数据的情况下，采用第二检测方法对接收的数据中第一用户设备的数据进行单用户检测。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401配置为采用以下方式实现判断出接收的数据中包括第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据：判断出第一目标比值小于或等于第一预设阈值；其中，第一目标比值为第一用户设备的参考信号接收功率与至少一个第二用户设备的参考信号接收功率之和的比值。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401还配置为：在信道相关性可以检测的情况下，检测信道相关性；以及根据检测到的信道相关性确定第一预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401还配置为采用以下方式实现根据检测到的信道相关性确定第一预设阈值：根据预先设置的信道相关性和第一预设阈值之间的第一对应关系，确定检测到的信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401还配置为：在信道相关性不能检测的情况下，获取不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值；以及根据不同信道相关性各自对 应的第二预设阈值确定第一预设阈值。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401还配置为采用以下方式实现根据不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值确定第一预设阈值：确定第一预设阈值为不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值的平均值。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401还配置为采用以下方式实现所述判断出接收的数据中包括所述第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据：判断出第二目标比值大于或等于第三预设阈值；其中，所述第二目标比值为至少一个所述第二用户设备的参考信号接收功率之和与所述第一用户设备的参考信号接收功率的比值。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401还配置为采用以下方式实现根据第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法：在第一用户设备的调制方式为低调制方式的情况下，确定第一检测方法为球形译码—低调制方式检测方法；其中，在采用第一检测方法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测过程中，将第二用户设备的调制方式设置为与第一用户设备的调制方式相同；并且其中，低调制方式为调制阶数小于或等于第四预设阈值的调制方式。
在一些示例性实施例中，确定模块401还配置为采用以下方式实现根据第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法：在第一用户设备的调制方式为高调制方式的情况下，确定第一检测方法为最小均方误差检测方法；其中，高调制方式为调制阶数大于第四预设阈值的调制方式。
本申请实施例的多用户MIMO检测装置的具体实现过程与前述实施例的多用户MIMO检测方法的具体实现过程相同，这里不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器，如中央处理器、数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其它数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其它存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其它光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其它磁存储器、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其它的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其它传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其它数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。
本文已经公开了示例实施例，并且虽然采用了具体术语，但它们仅用于并仅应当被解释为一般说明性含义，并且不用于限制的目的。在一些实例中，对本领域技术人员显而易见的是，除非另外明确指出，否则可单独使用与特定实施例相结合描述的特 征、特性和/或元素，或可与其它实施例相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元件组合使用。因此，本领域技术人员将理解，在不脱离由所附的权利要求阐明的本申请的范围的情况下，可进行各种形式和细节上的改变。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种多用户多输入多输出检测方法，应用于第一用户设备，该方法包括：
    在判断出接收的数据中包括所述第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况下，根据所述第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法；以及
    采用所述第一检测方法对所述接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，还包括：在判断出所述接收的数据中仅包括所述第一用户设备的数据的情况下，采用第二检测方法对所述接收的数据中所述第一用户设备的数据进行单用户检测。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，以下述条件作为判断出所述接收的数据中包括所述第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的依据：判断出第一目标比值小于或等于第一预设阈值；其中，所述第一目标比值为所述第一用户设备的参考信号接收功率与至少一个所述第二用户设备的参考信号接收功率之和的比值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，在判断所述第一目标比值是否小于或等于所述第一预设阈值之前，该方法还包括：
    在信道相关性可以检测的情况下，检测所述信道相关性；以及
    根据检测到的信道相关性确定所述第一预设阈值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，所述根据检测到的信道相关性确定所述第一预设阈值包括：
    根据预先设置的信道相关性和第一预设阈值之间的第一对应关系，确定所述检测到的信道相关性对应的第一预设阈值。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，在判断所述第一目标比值是否小于或等于所述第一预设阈值之前，该方法还包括：
    在信道相关性不能检测的情况下，获取不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值；
    根据所述不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值确定所述第一预设阈值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，所述根据不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值确定所述第一预设阈值包括：
    确定所述第一预设阈值为所述不同信道相关性各自对应的第二预设阈值的平均值。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，以下述条件作为判断出接收的数据中包括所述第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的依据：判断出第二目标比值大于或等于第三预设阈值；其中，所述第二目标比值为至少一个所述第二用户设备的参考信号接收功率之和与所述第一用户设备的参考信号接收功率的比值。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，所述根据所述第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法包括：
    在所述第一用户设备的调制方式为低调制方式的情况下，确定所述第一检测方法为球形译码—低调制方式检测方法；
    其中，在采用所述第一检测方法对所述接收的数据进行多用户联合检测过程中，将所述第二用户设备的调制方式设置为与所述第一用户设备的调制方式相同；并且
    其中，所述低调制方式为调制阶数小于或等于第四预设阈值的调制方式。
  10. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法，其中，所述根据所述第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法包括：
    在所述第一用户设备的调制方式为高调制方式的情况下，确定所述第一检测方法为最小均方误差检测方法；并且
    其中，所述高调制方式为调制阶数大于第四预设阈值的调制方式。
  11. 一种电子设备，包括：
    至少一个处理器；
    存储器，所述存储器上存储有至少一个程序，当所述至少一个程序被所述至少一个处理器执行时，实现根据权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法。
  12. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现根据权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多用户多输入多输出检测方法。
  13. 一种多用户多输入多输出检测装置，包括：
    确定模块，配置为在判断出接收的数据中包括第一用户设备的数据和至少一个第二用户设备的数据的情况下，根据所述第一用户设备的调制方式确定第一检测方法；
    检测模块，配置为采用所述第一检测方法对所述接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
PCT/CN2022/081930 2021-05-31 2022-03-21 多用户多输入多输出检测方法和装置、电子设备、介质 WO2022252760A1 (zh)

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