WO2022249487A1

WO2022249487A1 - Water discharge method, water treatment method, residual chlorine reduction method, and water treatment facility

Info

Publication number: WO2022249487A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/020545
Authority: WO
Inventors: 司吉崎; 一郎内山; 直彦谷口
Original assignee: 中国電力株式会社
Priority date: 2021-05-28
Filing date: 2021-05-28
Publication date: 2022-12-01
Also published as: JPWO2022249487A1

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the concentration of residual chlorine in water to be discharged into a body of natural water, such as a sea.　Water is taken into a water channel 25 from a body of natural water through a water inlet 21, and the water taken into the water channel 25 is discharged to the body of natural water through a water outlet 24. The water is added with a chlorine chemical at a first predetermined position in the water channel 25. After bringing a hydrogen-containing liquid having hydrogen dissolved therein into contact with a catalyst 51 for enhancement of reducing power, the hydrogen-containing liquid is added to the water within the water channel 25 at a second predetermined position that is on the water outlet 24 side with respect to the first predetermined position.

Description

Water discharge method, water treatment method, residual chlorine reduction method and water treatment equipment

The present invention relates to a water discharge method, water treatment method, residual chlorine reduction method, and water treatment equipment.

Intake channels and discharge channels are laid from the sea area to the inside of the power plant in order to take in seawater for water cooling of equipment such as condensers in the power plant and to discharge the taken in seawater. Marine organisms such as barnacles and mussels breed inside the intake and discharge channels, and adhesion of such marine organisms leads to narrowing or blockage of the intake and discharge channels and condenser cooling pipes. As a result, the flow rates of intake water and discharge water are reduced, and the efficiency of condensate cooling is reduced. In order to solve such a problem, if a chlorine-based chemical is injected into the intake channel, it is possible to suppress the generation of marine organisms in the intake channel and the discharge channel. Patent Literature 1 describes a method of using a chlorine-based disinfectant to prevent marine organisms from adhering to a water intake channel and a water discharge channel.

JP 2019-76813 A

However, if the residual chlorine concentration in the seawater discharged from the discharge channel into the sea is high, it will adversely affect the natural environment of the sea.

Therefore, the present disclosure aims to reduce the residual chlorine concentration of water.

As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have found that when a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen is brought into contact with a catalyst and then the hydrogen-containing liquid is added to water containing residual chlorine, the residual chlorine contained in the water is reduced. I got new knowledge.

In order to solve the above problems, based on such findings, a residual reduction method is provided in which a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen is brought into contact with a catalyst, and then the hydrogen-containing liquid is added to water containing residual chlorine. be done.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, the salt water flowing through the main path is supplied to the dissolution tank and the electrolyzer, and the salt water is electrolyzed by the electrolyzer to generate gaseous hydrogen and a chlorine-based aqueous solution. sending the gaseous hydrogen to the dissolution tank and dissolving the gaseous hydrogen in the salt water contacting the catalyst in the dissolution tank to generate a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen; At a first predetermined position, the chlorine-based aqueous solution is added to the salt water in the main path, and at a second predetermined position downstream from the first predetermined position, the hydrogen-containing liquid is added to the salt water in the main path An additive water treatment method is provided.

In addition, in order to solve the above problems, in a water discharge method in which water containing residual chlorine is discharged from a facility in which water containing residual chlorine is used to a natural water area through a water discharge channel, a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen is brought into contact with a catalyst. A water discharge method is then provided for adding said hydrogen-containing liquid to said water in said discharge channel.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, in a water treatment method for taking water from a natural water area into a waterway through a water intake and discharging the water taken into the waterway into the natural waterway through a water outlet, After adding a chlorine-based chemical to the water at one predetermined position and bringing the hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen into contact with the catalyst, the water in the water channel is added at a second predetermined position closer to the water outlet than the predetermined position. A water treatment method is provided in which the hydrogen-containing liquid is added.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, a water intake and a water outlet are provided in a natural water area, water is taken in from the natural water area through the water intake, and the water taken in is discharged through the water outlet. a chlorinated chemical addition device for adding a chlorinated chemical to the water in the duct at a first predetermined position in the duct; storing a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen; A water treatment facility is provided, comprising: a reservoir that discharges the hydrogen-containing liquid to a second predetermined position closer to the water outlet than the first predetermined position; and a catalyst that is immersed in the hydrogen-containing liquid in the reservoir. be.

According to the present disclosure, the residual chlorine concentration of water is reduced. Therefore, even if the water is discharged into natural waters, for example, it does not adversely affect the environment of natural waters.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a top view of the thermal power plant with which the water treatment equipment of 1st Embodiment was constructed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram of the water treatment equipment of 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of water treatment equipment of a 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram of the water treatment equipment of 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the water treatment equipment of 3rd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the water treatment equipment of 4th Embodiment at the time of water intake. It is a block diagram of the water treatment equipment of 4th Embodiment at the time of water discharge.

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. Although various technically preferable limitations are attached to the embodiments described below, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

<<First Embodiment>>
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a thermal power plant 10. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the water treatment facility 11 constructed in the thermal power plant 10. As shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the water treatment facility 11. As shown in FIG.

The thermal power plant 10 is built on the site facing the sea 2 as a natural water area. A thermal power plant 10 includes a water treatment facility 11 , a fuel storage facility 14 and a power generation facility 16 .

The fuel storage facility 14 is a facility for storing fuel.
The power generation equipment 16 includes a turbine, a boiler, a generator, and a condenser 18 (not shown).
When the fuel supplied to the boiler from the fuel storage facility 14 is burned, high-temperature, high-pressure steam is generated in the boiler, the energy of the steam drives the turbine and generator, and the generator generates electrical energy. . A condenser 18 as equipment is connected to a turbine, and steam discharged from the turbine is supplied to the condenser 18 . Condenser 18 is a surface condenser or a mixed condenser.

The water treatment facility 11 is a water cooling system that takes in salt water from the sea 2 , cools the condenser 18 with the taken in salt water, and discharges the salt water used for cooling into the sea 2 . The water treatment facility 11 has a water channel 25 , a condenser 18 and an addition device 30 . The condenser 18 serves as both a component of the power generation equipment 16 and a component of the water treatment equipment 11 as described above.

The waterway 25 of the water treatment facility 11 is the main route of salt water returning from the sea 2 to the sea 2 via the condenser 18 inside the thermal power plant 10 . The waterway 25 takes in the thermal power plant 10 from the sea 2 and discharges the taken-in salt water to the sea 2 . The water channel 25 has an intake channel 20 upstream of the condenser 18 and a discharge channel 22 downstream of the condenser 18 . The intake channel 20 is a channel for taking salt water from the sea 2 into the thermal power plant 10 . The water intake channel 20 is constructed on the ground from the sea or seabed to the condenser 18 or its vicinity. An end of the water intake channel 20 opens in the sea or on the seabed, and the opening serves as a water intake 21 . Salt water of the sea 2 is taken into the water intake channel 20 through the water intake 21 . Salt water taken into the intake channel 20 is sent to the condenser 18 . The discharge channel 22 is a channel for discharging salt water into the sea 2 . The discharge channel 22 is built in the ground from the sea or seabed to the condenser 18 or its vicinity. The end of the water discharge channel 22 opens in the sea or on the seabed, and the opening serves as a water discharge port 24 . The salt water in the condenser 18 is discharged to the discharge channel 22 and the discharged water is sent to the discharge port 24 . The salt water is then discharged into the sea 2 through the water outlet 24 .

The inlet of the condenser 18 is connected to the water intake channel 20 via the channel, pump 19 and the like. The outlet of the condenser 18 is connected to the discharge channel 22 via a channel or the like. This pump 19 feeds the salt water in the intake channel 20 to the condenser 18 . The brine supplied to the condenser 18 cools and condenses the steam supplied from the turbine. The salt water used for cooling in the condenser 18 is discharged to the spillway 22 and discharged to the sea 2 through the spillway 22 . Alternatively, the pump 19 may be replaced by potential energy or pressure differential to cause salt water to flow from the sea 2 to the sea 2 via the intake channel 20 , the condenser 18 and the discharge channel 22 .

Since salt water containing aquatic organisms flows through the intake channel 20, the discharge channel 22, and the condenser 18, the aquatic organisms tend to adhere and grow inside the intake channel 20, the discharge channel 22, and the condenser 18. A chlorine-based chemical is added to the salt water in the water intake channel 20 by the addition device 30 to suppress adhesion and breeding of aquatic organisms. In addition, in order to reduce the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water discharged from the discharge channel 22 to the sea 2, water containing dissolved hydrogen (hereinafter referred to as hydrogen water) is added to the salt water in the discharge channel 22 by the adding device 30. be. In the following description, the water used as the solvent for the hydrogen water is salt water, but fresh water or clean water may be used.

The dosing device 30 will be described in detail below.
The addition device 30 produces a chlorine-based aqueous solution and hydrogen water from the salt water in the water intake channel 20 or the water discharge channel 22 . The addition device 30 adds the chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water in the intake channel 20 and adds the hydrogen water to the salt water in the discharge channel 22 .
The addition device 30 has an electrolyzer 31 , a discharge pipe 33 , an introduction pipe 32 , a feed pipe 34 , a gas dissolver 41 , a platinum catalyst 51 , liquid feed pumps 35 and 44 and a valve 53 .

The inlet of the electrolyzer 31 is connected to the water intake channel 20 via the introduction pipe 32 and the liquid feed pump 35 . A liquid outlet of the electrolyzer 31 is connected to the intake channel 20 via a discharge pipe 33 . A gas outlet of the electrolyzer 31 is connected to a gas inlet of the gas dissolver 41 via a pipe 34 . A liquid inlet of the gas dissolving device 41 is connected to the intake channel 20 via an introduction pipe 42 and a liquid pump 44 . A liquid outlet of the gas dissolver 41 is connected to the water discharge channel 22 via a valve 53 and a discharge pipe 52 .

The liquid-sending pump 35 supplies the salt water in the intake channel 20 to the electrolyzer 31 .
The electrolyzer 31 electrolyzes the salt water introduced from the intake channel 20 to generate chlorine (Cl ₂ ) at the anode of the electrolyzer 31 . Therefore, the salt water electrolyzed by the electrolyzer 31 contains effective chlorine composed of free chlorine, combined chlorine, and the like. Free chlorine refers to chlorine gas molecules (Cl ₂ ), hypochlorous acid (HClO) and hypochlorite ions (ClO ⁻ ) in salt water. Combined chlorine is obtained by reacting ammonia and its compounds contained in salt water with free chlorine, and refers to chloramines such as monochloramine, dichloramine and trichloramine.

Hydrogen (H ₂ ) is produced at the cathode of the electrolyzer 31 by electrolysis of salt water in the electrolyser 31 . The electrolyzer 31 has a degassing tower, a receiving tank, or the like, and the electrolyzed hydrogen molecules in the salt water are separated from the salt water in the degassing tower, the receiving tank, or the like, and gaseous hydrogen is generated from the salt water. The gaseous hydrogen is sent from the electrolyzer 31 to the gas dissolver 41 through the pipe 34 . A valve for adjusting the flow rate of gaseous hydrogen from the electrolyzer 31 to the gas dissolver 41 may be provided in the middle of the pipe 34 .

The salt water from which hydrogen is separated in the electrolyzer 31 is a chlorine-based chemical, more specifically, a chlorine-based aqueous solution containing effective chlorine. The chlorine-based aqueous solution is introduced from the electrolyzer 31 into the intake channel 20 through the discharge pipe 33 . Therefore, the electrolyzer 31 is a chlorine-based chemical addition device that adds the chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water in the intake channel 20 at the first predetermined position in the intake channel 20 . By adding the chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water in the intake channel 20, adhesion and propagation of aquatic organisms are suppressed. The first predetermined position where the chlorine-based aqueous solution is added from the discharge pipe 33 to the intake channel 20 is the intake port 21 in order to obtain the effect of preventing the adhesion and breeding of aquatic organisms in the widest possible range of the intake channel 20. As close as possible is preferred.

　In the example shown in FIG. 2, one liquid transfer pump 35 is provided. On the other hand, a plurality of liquid-sending pumps 35 may be provided on the route from the water intake channel 20 to the water intake channel 20 via the introduction pipe 32 , the electrolyzer 31 and the discharge pipe 33 . In addition, one or more valves may be provided in the route from the water intake channel 20 to the water intake channel 20 via the introduction pipe 32 , the electrolyzer 31 and the discharge pipe 33 . One or a plurality of liquid-sending pumps 35 and valves adjust the supply flow rate of salt water from the intake channel 20 to the electrolyzer 31, or adjust the input flow rate of the chlorine-based aqueous solution from the electrolyzer 31 to the intake channel 20. or By controlling the liquid feed pump 35 and valves and controlling the power consumption of the electrolyzer 31, the residual chlorine concentration in the intake channel 20 and the condenser 18 and discharge channel 22 downstream thereof is appropriate. adjusted to

The liquid feed pump 44 supplies the salt water in the intake channel 20 to the gas dissolving device 41 . A liquid inlet of the gas dissolving device 41 is connected to the water discharge channel 22 via an introduction pipe 42 and a liquid feeding pump 44 , and the liquid feeding pump 44 supplies the salt water in the water discharge channel 22 to the gas dissolving device 41 . good too.

The gas dissolving device 41 dissolves the gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 31 into the salt water introduced from the intake channel 20 . The gas dissolving device 41 has a dissolving tank 41a and an ejection part (not shown). The dissolution tank 41a is a storage section that stores the salt water introduced from the intake channel 20 . The ejection part ejects the gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 31 into the salt water in the dissolution tank 41a in the form of bubbles. The ejected gaseous hydrogen dissolves in the salt water in the dissolving tank 41a. As a result, a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen (hereinafter referred to as hydrogen water) is generated in the dissolution tank 41a. In order to efficiently dissolve the gaseous hydrogen in the salt water in the dissolving tank 41a, the inside of the dissolving tank 41a may be pressurized to a high pressure by a compressor or the like. As a result, the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen water generated by the gas dissolving device 41 increases.

A platinum catalyst 51 is provided in the dissolving tank 41a, and the platinum catalyst 51 is immersed in hydrogen water in the dissolving tank 41a. When the hydrogen water in the dissolution tank 41a contacts the platinum catalyst 51, the hydrogen water is activated. Activation of the hydrogen water enhances the reducing power of the hydrogen water and efficiently neutralizes residual chlorine in the salt water with the hydrogen water as described later. Since the platinum catalyst 51 contains platinum, the higher the content, the better, and the larger the microscopic surface area of platinum.
In addition, instead of the platinum catalyst 51 containing platinum, from Group 10 element metals (eg, nickel, platinum), metal oxides (eg, copper-chromium oxide) and platinum group metals (eg, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium) A reducing catalyst containing at least one substance selected from the group may be used.

When the valve 53 is opened, the hydrogen water produced in the dissolution tank 41a is introduced from the dissolution tank 41a into the water discharge channel 22 through the valve 53 and the discharge pipe 52 . Therefore, the combination of the gas dissolving device 41 and the valve 53 is a hydrogen-containing liquid adding device that adds hydrogen water to the salt water in the water discharge channel 22 at the second predetermined position in the water discharge channel 22 . A platinum catalyst does not exist in the discharge channel 22 .
The valve 53 adjusts the flow rate of hydrogen water supplied to the water discharge channel 22 . The hydrogen water introduced into the water discharge channel 22 is a reducing agent and a neutralizing agent. Therefore, by adding hydrogen water to the salt water in the discharge channel 22, residual chlorine in the salt water is reduced or removed, and the salt water is neutralized. The neutralized saltwater is discharged into the sea 2 through the spillway 22 . The residual chlorine concentration of the neutralized salt water is at a level that does not affect the natural environment of the sea 2, and is below the value determined by agreements with local communities, laws, regulations, and the like. In order to reduce the concentration of residual chlorine in the water discharge port 24 as much as possible, the closer the second predetermined position to which hydrogen water is added from the discharge pipe 52 to the outlet of the condenser 18, the better. However, if the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water discharged into the sea 2 can be suppressed to the predetermined value or less, the position where the hydrogen water is added from the discharge pipe 52 may be near the water outlet 24 .

According to the above embodiment, the following advantageous effects are obtained.

(1) Since the hydrogen water generated in the dissolution tank 41a of the gas dissolving device 41 is put into the salt water at the second predetermined position in the water discharge channel 22, residual chlorine in the salt water discharged from the water discharge channel 22 into the sea 2 Density is reduced. Therefore, the natural environment in the sea 2 is not adversely affected.

(2) A platinum catalyst 51 is placed in the dissolution tank 41a, and is brought into contact with the platinum catalyst 51 before the hydrogen water is added to the salt water in the discharge channel 22. Therefore, hydrogen water is activated. When such hydrogen water is added to the salt water in the discharge channel 22, neutralization of the salt water in the discharge channel 22 progresses efficiently.

(3) Since the platinum catalyst 51 is arranged in the dissolution tank 41a, the hydrogen water stored in the dissolution tank 41a can contact the platinum catalyst 51 for a long time. Therefore, the activation of hydrogen water also increases. When highly activated hydrogen water is injected into the salt water in the discharge channel 22, neutralization of the salt water in the discharge channel 22 progresses efficiently.

(4) When a platinum catalyst is placed in the water discharge channel 22, water flows through the water discharge channel 22, so it is necessary to place a large amount of platinum catalyst over a wide area in order to ensure a long contact time between the platinum catalyst and the hydrogen water. . On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the platinum catalyst 51 is arranged in the dissolution tank 41a, and the hydrogen water is stored in the dissolution tank 41a. Therefore, the amount of the platinum catalyst 51 used is small.

(5) Since the platinum catalyst 51 is arranged in the dissolution tank 41a, the probability of the platinum catalyst 51 coming into contact with aquatic organisms or solid substances flowing through the water intake channel 20 or the water discharge channel 22 is low. Therefore, the risk of physical wear of the platinum catalyst 51 is low. Further, maintenance of the platinum catalyst 51 can be carried out by emptying only the dissolving tank 41a, so maintenance of the platinum catalyst 51 is easy.

(6) Since the chlorine-based aqueous solution produced by the electrolyzer 31 is put into the salt water in the water intake channel 20, adhesion and breeding of aquatic organisms in the water intake channel 20, the condenser 18 and the water discharge channel 22 are suppressed. In particular, even if the effective chlorine concentration of the chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 31 is increased, the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water in the discharge channel 22 is reduced by hydrogen water, so that aquatic organisms adhere and propagate reliably. suppressed. In other words, it is possible to achieve both an improvement in the effect of preventing breeding of aquatic organisms by increasing the effective chlorine concentration of the chlorine-based aqueous solution and an effect of reducing the residual chlorine concentration in the salt water discharged into the sea 2 .

(7) Since the gaseous hydrogen generated from the salt water in the electrolyzer 31 is used to generate hydrogen water, there is no need to separately prepare hydrogen for reducing residual chlorine in the salt water. Therefore, the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water in the discharge channel 22 can be reduced at low cost. Moreover, it is not necessary to release gaseous hydrogen to the atmosphere in the electrolyzer 31 .

(8) Instead of directly injecting the gaseous hydrogen generated in the electrolyzer 31 into the salt water in the discharge channel 22, the gaseous hydrogen is once dissolved in the salt water by the dissolution tank 41a of the gas dissolving device 41, and then , hydrogen water is added to the salt water in the discharge channel 22 . Therefore, neutralization of salt water in the discharge channel 22 proceeds efficiently.

<<Modified example of the first embodiment>>
The first embodiment has been described above. The first embodiment described above may be modified or improved. Changes from the first embodiment described above will be described below. The modifications described below may be applied in combination.

(A) In the first embodiment, the chlorine-based chemical added to the salt water in the intake channel 20 is the chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 31 . On the other hand, a chlorine-based aqueous solution that has been generated in advance and stored in a storage tank or the like may be added to the salt water in the intake channel 20 by an injection device. The chlorine-based aqueous solution is, for example, an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution, or an aqueous solution of chlorinated isocyanuric acid, but may be another chlorine-based aqueous solution. Alternatively, instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution, chlorine gas may be jetted into the salt water in the water intake channel 20 . Chlorine gas is stored in gas cylinders. Further, instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution, a solid chlorine-based chemical may be added to the salt water in the water intake channel 20 by the charging device. Solid chlorine agents are, for example, calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, chlorinated isocyanuric acid or bleaching powder. The solid chlorine chemical is stored in advance in a storage tank.

(B) In the first embodiment, the gaseous hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer 31 is supplied to the dissolving tank 41a of the gas dissolving device 41. Alternatively, the addition device 30 may have a gas cylinder or a hydrogenation device, and gaseous hydrogen stored in the gas cylinder or gaseous hydrogen generated by the hydrogenation device may be supplied to the dissolution tank 41a. The hydrogenation device is, for example, an electrolysis device that electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.

(C) In the first embodiment, the salt water in the water intake channel 20 or the water discharge channel 22 is supplied to the dissolving tank 41a of the gas dissolving device 41. Alternatively, clean water may be supplied to the dissolving tank 41a. Also, fresh water in a natural water area other than the sea 2 may be supplied to the dissolving tank 41a.

(D) In the first embodiment, the natural water area is Sea 2, and the thermal power plant 10 is built on the coast of Sea 2. Alternatively, the natural water area may be a salt lake, freshwater lake, marsh, or river, and the thermal power plant 10 may be constructed on the coast of the salt lake, freshwater lake, marsh, or river. If the water existing in the natural water area is fresh water, it is necessary to apply the above modifications (A) and (B) together, or dissolve sodium chloride in the fresh water supplied to the electrolyzer 31. There is a need. Note that brackish water is salt water, so brackish lakes are a type of salt lakes in the present disclosure.

(E) In the first embodiment, the water treatment facility 11 is built in the thermal power plant 10. On the other hand, the water treatment facility 11 may be constructed in other types of power plants, such as hydroelectric power plants, pumped-storage power plants, and nuclear power plants, or may be built in factories other than power plants. good. Also, although the equipment provided between the water intake channel 20 and the water discharge channel 22 is the condenser 18, it may be other equipment such as a hydraulic power generator.

(F) The second predetermined position where the hydrogen water is added to the salt water may be any position from the first predetermined position where the chlorine-based aqueous solution is added from the discharge pipe 33 to the water intake channel 20 to the water outlet 24 . However, in order to prevent aquatic organisms from adhering to the condenser 18, the position where the hydrogen water or gaseous hydrogen is added is preferably downstream of the condenser 18.

<< Verification by experiment >>
After contacting the platinum catalyst with hydrogen water, it was verified by three tests that the residual chlorine concentration was reduced by mixing water containing residual chlorine (hereinafter referred to as chlorine water) and hydrogen water. A specific description will be given below.

A hypochlorous acid solution was used as chlorine water.
As hydrogen water, one generated as follows was used. First, 15 grains of platinum catalyst were immersed in pure water, and immediately, while stirring the pure water, hydrogen was dissolved in the pure water by jetting hydrogen gas from a hydrogen tank into the pure water in the form of bubbles. The hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen water obtained in this way was measured with a hydrogen concentration meter, and hydrogen water with two types of hydrogen concentrations of about 0.88 ppm and about 0.50 ppm was prepared. In addition, after immersing 15 grains of platinum catalyst in pure water for 60 minutes, while stirring the pure water without taking out the platinum catalyst, hydrogen gas was jetted into the pure water in the form of bubbles from the hydrogen tank to purify the hydrogen. Dissolved in water. The hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen water thus obtained was measured with a hydrogen concentration meter to prepare hydrogen water having a hydrogen concentration of about 0.15 ppm. Hydrogen water with a hydrogen concentration of about 0.88 ppm is used in the first test, hydrogen water with a hydrogen concentration of about 0.55 ppm is used in the second test, and hydrogen water with a hydrogen concentration of about 0.15 ppm is used in the third test. This is the residual chlorine concentration reduction effect when the platinum catalyst immersion time is short like the first and second tests, and the residual chlorine concentration reduction effect when the platinum catalyst immersion time is long like the third test. This is for comparison with The catalyst used was SHIMADZU PLATINUM CATALYST ST SUPPORT 5/64″ ALUMINA BALL SHIMADZU CORPORATION (Platinum catalyst ST type P/N638-60116), which was granular with a diameter of about 2 mm.

In each test, 50 ml of chlorine water and 50 ml of hydrogen water were mixed in a beaker without a platinum catalyst, the mixed water was stirred, and the residual chlorine concentration of the mixed water was measured by the diethyl paraphenylenediamine method ( DPD method). The residual chlorine concentration was measured before mixing, immediately after mixing, and 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes after mixing. When the chlorine water and the hydrogen water were mixed and stirred, no other means such as ultraviolet irradiation was used.

Tables 1 to 3 show the residual chlorine concentration and the amount of decrease in each of three tests in which chlorine water and hydrogen water were mixed. The amount of decrease in residual chlorine concentration is represented by the difference from the residual chlorine concentration calculated according to the dilution ratio when chlorine water is diluted with hydrogen water. The residual chlorine concentration immediately after mixing is about half of the residual chlorine concentration before mixing, but this is because chlorine water and hydrogen water are mixed in equal amounts and diluted to 50%.
As shown in Tables 1 to 3, when hydrogen water in which a platinum catalyst has been immersed in advance is mixed with chlorine water, the concentration of residual chlorine in the mixed water gradually decreases with the passage of time, and 15 minutes after mixing. A decrease of 0.17 ppm, 0.21 ppm or 0.22 ppm was observed at time points. Therefore, it can be seen that the hydrogen water in which the platinum catalyst is immersed in advance contributes to the reduction of the residual chlorine concentration of the mixture of hydrogen water and chlorine water. There was no significant difference between the results of the third test, which had a longer immersion time for the platinum catalyst, and the first and second tests, which had a shorter immersion time. It was found that the hydrogen water in which the platinum catalyst was immersed had an activating effect even for a short period of time.

As described above, it was confirmed that the concentration of residual chlorine can be reduced by immersing the catalyst when generating hydrogen water and mixing the hydrogen water with chlorine water.

Next, as a comparative example, the residual chlorine concentration of mixed water of 50 ml of chlorine water and 50 ml of pure water was similarly measured. However, neither the pure water before mixing nor the mixed water after mixing was brought into contact with the platinum catalyst.

The results are shown in Table 4. As shown in Table 4, it can be seen that the concentration of residual chlorine does not decrease simply by mixing hydrogen water and pure water. On the other hand, as described above, if the hydrogen water in which the platinum catalyst is immersed in advance is mixed with the chlorine water, the concentration of residual chlorine decreases. From this, it can be seen that even when hydrogen water in which a platinum catalyst has been immersed in advance is compared with pure water, the former greatly contributes to lowering the residual chlorine concentration of the mixed water.

Next, as a comparative example, the residual chlorine concentration of mixed water of 50 ml of chlorine water and 50 ml of hydrogen water was similarly measured. However, the hydrogen water before mixing and the mixed water after mixing were not brought into contact with the platinum catalyst.

The results are shown in Table 5. As shown in Table 5, when hydrogen water and chlorine water that are not brought into contact with the platinum catalyst are mixed, a decrease in residual chlorine concentration is observed, but the amount of decrease is small. In the case of hydrogen water that is not in contact with the platinum catalyst, the decrease in residual chlorine concentration after 15 minutes from mixing is 0.06 ppm, whereas in the case of hydrogen water that has been in contact with the platinum catalyst in advance as described above, is 0.17 ppm, 0.22 ppm or 0.21 ppm after 15 minutes of mixing. From this, too, when comparing the hydrogen water with which the platinum catalyst has been brought into contact in advance with the hydrogen water without it, it can be seen that the former contributes more greatly to the reduction of the residual chlorine concentration in the mixed water.

Finally, as a comparative example, the residual chlorine concentration of mixed water of 50 ml of chlorine water and 50 ml of hydrogen water was similarly measured. Here, the catalyst is not brought into contact with hydrogen water before mixing, and 5 grains or 15 grains of platinum catalyst are continuously immersed in the mixed liquid from the time of mixing.

Table 6 shows the results when 5 platinum catalyst particles were immersed in the mixed liquid, and Table 7 shows the results when 15 platinum catalyst particles were immersed in the mixed liquid. As is clear from Tables 1 to 3, Tables 6 and 7, the platinum catalyst is immersed in a mixture of hydrogen water and chlorine water in the same manner as in the case of mixing hydrogen water and chlorine water in which the platinum catalyst is previously immersed. Even in the case where the concentration of residual chlorine in the mixed water is reduced, a decrease is observed. From this, even if the mixed water is not brought into contact with the platinum catalyst when mixing the hydrogen water and chlorine water, if the hydrogen water is brought into contact with the platinum catalyst in advance and activated before mixing, the mixed water is turned into the platinum catalyst. It can be seen that the concentration of residual chlorine in the mixed water decreases as in the case of contact.

<<Second Embodiment>>
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the water treatment facility 110 built in the desalination plant. The water treatment facility 110 is built on a site facing the sea 102 as a natural water area.

The water treatment facility 110 is a desalination system that takes in salt water from the sea 102 and produces fresh water from the salt water. Note that instead of the sea 102 , salt water of a salt lake or a brackish lake may be desalinated by the water treatment facility 110 .

The water treatment facility 110 includes a treated water tank 111 , an addition device 130 , a desalination device 120 , a storage tank 160 and a supply pump 161 . The treated water tank 111, the addition device 130, the desalination device 120, the storage tank 160 and the supply pump 161 are installed on land.

The salt water flows from the sea 102 through the piping to the storage tank 160 through the treated water tank 111 and the desalination device 120 in order. The piping from the sea 102 to the storage tank 160 is the main route for salt water.

Salt water taken in from the sea 102 is stored in the treated water tank 111 . The supply of salt water from the sea 102 to the treated water tank 111 utilizes, for example, pumps, potential energy, or pressure differentials. The chlorine-based aqueous solution produced by the addition device 130 is added to the salt water sent from the sea 102 to the treated water tank 111 in order to suppress the growth of microorganisms in the salt water. In the treated water tank 111, salt water is sterilized with a chlorine-based aqueous solution.

The desalination device 120 removes contaminants such as microorganisms and turbidity in the salt water supplied from the treated water tank 111, and desalinates the salt water from which the contaminants have been removed.
The storage tank 160 stores fresh water produced by the desalination device 120 .
The supply pump 161 supplies the fresh water in the storage tank 160 to the demand area. The fresh water sent by the supply pump 161 is loaded with minerals, alkalis and disinfectants. The disinfectant is suitable for drinking.

The desalination device 120 has a pump 121 , a multi-layer filter 122 , a water tank 123 , a pump 124 , a safety filter 125 , a high-pressure pump 126 and a reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 .

The pump 121 is provided between the treated water tank 111 and the multi-layer filter 122. The pump 121 supplies salt water in the treated water tank 111 to the multi-layer filter 122 . Flocculant and acid are added to the brine supplied by pump 121 . The chlorine-based aqueous solution produced by the addition device 130 is also added to the brine supplied by the pump 121 .

The multi-layer filter 122 is constructed by stacking a plurality of layers of filter media such as sand. Multilayer filter 122 filters the brine supplied by pump 121 to remove contaminants in the brine. The multi-layer filter 122 discharges the decontaminated salt water into the water tank 123 . The multi-layer filter 122 is backwashable.
The water tank 123 stores salt water discharged from the multi-layer filter 122 .
Pump 124 is connected to water tank 123 and safety filter 125 . Pump 124 supplies salt water in water tank 123 to safety filter 125 .

The safety filter 125 is a filter having, for example, a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane or a nanofiltration membrane. Safety filter 125 filters the brine supplied by pump 124 to remove contaminants in the brine. The safety filter 125 can remove contaminants of smaller particle size than the contaminants removed by the multi-layer filter 122 . The salt water from which contaminants have been removed by safety filter 125 is sent to high pressure pump 126 .

Since contaminants are removed by the multi-layer filter 122 and the safety filter 125, deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 is suppressed, and the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 is maintained for a long time.

The high-pressure pump 126 pressurizes the salt water and supplies the high-pressure salt water to the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 .
The reverse osmosis membrane filtering device 127 has a reverse osmosis membrane. The reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 separates fresh water from the high-pressure salt water by permeating water molecules of high-pressure salt water pressurized by the high-pressure pump 126 through the reverse osmosis membrane. By separating fresh water from salt water, the salt water is concentrated. The reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 discharges the separated fresh water to the storage tank 160 . The flow energy of the concentrated salt water generated by the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 is converted into kinetic energy of the high-pressure pump 126 by the turbine. The concentrated salt water is also used for backwashing the multi-layer filter 122 .

The reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 has low chlorine resistance. Therefore, in order to reduce the chlorine concentration of the salt water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127, the hydrogen water generated by the addition device 130 is added to the salt water between the safety filter 125 and the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127. be.

The addition device 130 generates a chlorine-based aqueous solution and hydrogen water from salt water. The adding device 130 adds a chlorine-based aqueous solution to salt water sent from the sea 102 to the treated water tank 111 . The addition device 130 adds a chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water sent from the treated water tank 111 to the multi-layer filter 122 . The addition device 130 adds hydrogen water to the salt water sent from the safety filter 125 to the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 .

The addition device 130 has an electrolyzer 131 ,

inlet pipes

132 and 142 ,

discharge pipes

133 and 152 , a pipe 134 , a gas dissolving device 141 , a platinum catalyst 151 , liquid feed pumps 135 and 144 and a valve 153 .

The inlet of the electrolyzer 131 is connected to the pipe between the sea 102 and the treated water tank 111 via an introduction pipe 132 and a liquid feed pump 135 . A liquid outlet of the electrolyzer 131 is connected to a discharge pipe 133 . The discharge pipe 133 branches into two, one of which is connected to the pipe between the sea 102 and the treated water tank 111, and the other is connected to the pipe between the treated water tank 111 and the pump 121. . A gas outlet of the electrolyzer 131 is connected to a gas inlet of the gas dissolver 141 via a pipe 134 . A liquid inlet of the gas dissolving device 141 is connected to piping between the safety filter 125 and the high-pressure pump 126 via an introduction pipe 142 and a liquid feed pump 144 . The liquid outlet of gas dissolver 141 is connected via valve 153 and discharge pipe 152 to piping between safety filter 125 and high pressure pump 126 .

The liquid-sending pump 135 supplies salt water from the sea 102 to the electrolyzer 131 . Note that, for example, any position in the path from the sea 102 to the safety filter 125 may serve as a supply source of salt water to the electrolyzer 131 .

The liquid feed pump 144 supplies the salt water filtered by the safety filter 125 to the gas dissolving device 141 .

The electrolyzer 131 electrolyzes salt water introduced from the sea 102 to produce chlorine at the anode of the electrolyzer 131 and hydrogen at the cathode. Chlorine generated at the anode of the electrolyzer 131 dissolves in salt water to produce a chlorine-based aqueous solution. The produced chlorine-based aqueous solution is added to the salt water sent from the sea 102 to the treated water tank 111 through the discharge pipe 133 from the electrolyzer 131 . Therefore, the salt water is sterilized and propagation of microorganisms is suppressed. Here, the position where the chlorine-based aqueous solution is added in the route of the salt water from the sea 102 to the treated water tank 111 corresponds to the first predetermined position.

The chlorine-based aqueous solution produced by the electrolyzer 131 is added to the salt water sent by the pump 121 from the electrolyzer 131 through the discharge pipe 133 . Therefore, propagation of microorganisms in the pump 121, the multi-layer filter 122, the water tank 123, the pump 124 and the safety filter 125 is suppressed. Here, the position where the chlorine-based aqueous solution is added in the salt water path from the treated water tank 111 to the pump 121 corresponds to the first predetermined position.

The hydrogen molecules generated at the cathode of the electrolyzer 131 are separated from the salt water in the degassing tower or the receiving tank, and gaseous hydrogen is generated from the salt water. The gaseous hydrogen is sent from the electrolyzer 131 to the gas dissolver 141 through the pipe 134 .

The gas dissolver 141 dissolves the gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 131 into the salt water supplied by the liquid feed pump 144 . The gas dissolving device 141 has a dissolving tank 141a and an ejection part (not shown). The dissolution tank 141a is a storage section that stores the salt water supplied by the liquid-sending pump 144 . The ejection part ejects gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 131 into the salt water in the dissolution tank 141a in the form of bubbles. The ejected gaseous hydrogen dissolves in the salt water to produce hydrogen water containing dissolved hydrogen. The inside of the dissolving tank 141a may be pressurized to a high pressure by a compressor or the like so that the gaseous hydrogen is efficiently dissolved in the salt water.

A platinum catalyst 151 is provided in the dissolution tank 141a, and the platinum catalyst 151 is immersed in the hydrogen water in the dissolution tank 141a. When the hydrogen water in the dissolution tank 141a contacts the platinum catalyst 151, the hydrogen water is activated and the reducing power of the hydrogen water is enhanced. The platinum catalyst 151 is selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals (eg, nickel, platinum), metal oxides (eg, copper-chromium oxide), and platinum group metals (eg, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium). may be replaced by a reducing catalyst comprising at least one substance with a

The hydrogen water produced in the dissolution tank 141a passes through the valve 153 and the discharge pipe 152 and is added to the salt water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 by the high pressure pump 126. Here, the position where the hydrogen water is added in the salt water route from the safety filter 125 to the high-pressure pump 126 corresponds to the second predetermined position. The second predetermined position is downstream of the first predetermined position.
A valve 153 adjusts the flow rate of hydrogen water.

The salt water sent by the high-pressure pump 126 is neutralized with hydrogen water, and the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water is reduced. In particular, since the hydrogen water is activated by the platinum catalyst 151 and the reducing power of the hydrogen water is enhanced, the residual chlorine concentration of chlorine is greatly reduced. Since the neutralized salt water is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127, deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 can be suppressed.

According to the second embodiment described above, the following advantageous effects are obtained.

(1) Since the chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 131 is added to the salt water at the first predetermined position, the salt water is sterilized and the propagation of microorganisms in the salt water is suppressed. Therefore, clogging of the multi-layer filter 122, the safety filter 125 and the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 downstream of the first predetermined position is suppressed.

(2) The hydrogen water generated by the gas dissolving device 141 is added to the salt water at the second predetermined position, and the salt water is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane filtering device 127 . The salt water is neutralized with hydrogen water to reduce the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water. Since the hydrogen water is activated by the platinum catalyst 151 before being added to the salt water, the hydrogen water is highly effective in reducing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water. Since the salt water from which residual chlorine has been removed is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127, deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 can be prevented.

(3) Since the platinum catalyst 151 is placed in the dissolving tank 141a of the gas dissolving device 141, the hydrogen water stored in the dissolving tank 141a contacts the platinum catalyst 151 for a long time. Therefore, the activation of the hydrogen water is also enhanced, and the effect of reducing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water by the hydrogen water is enhanced.

(4) Even if the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water passing through the multi-layer filter 122 and the safety filter 125 is increased, the residual chlorine in the salt water supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 is removed by hydrogen water. Degradation of the reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane filtering device 127 can be prevented. That is, it is possible to improve the sterilization effect by increasing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water and to prevent deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 .

(5) Since the chlorine-based aqueous solution and hydrogen water are generated using the salt water of the sea 102, there is no need to separately prepare chlorine-based chemicals and hydrogen. Therefore, the multilayer filter 122, the safety filter 125 and the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device 127 can be protected at low cost.

<<Modification of Second Embodiment>>
The second embodiment has been described above. The second embodiment described above may be modified or improved. Changes from the second embodiment described above will be described below. The modifications described below may be applied in combination.

(A) In the second embodiment, the chlorine-based aqueous solution produced by the electrolyzer 131 is added to the salt water sent from the sea 102 to the pump 121 . Alternatively, a chlorine-based aqueous solution that has been generated in advance and stored in a storage tank or the like may be added to the salt water sent from the sea 102 to the pump 121 by the dosing device. The chlorine-based aqueous solution is, for example, an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution, or an aqueous solution of chlorinated isocyanuric acid, but may be another chlorine-based aqueous solution. Alternatively, instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution, chlorine gas may be spouted from the sea 102 into the salt water sent to the pump 121 . Chlorine gas is stored in gas cylinders. Also, instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution, a solid chlorine-based chemical may be added to the salt water sent from the sea 102 to the pump 121 by an input device. Solid chlorine agents are, for example, calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, chlorinated isocyanuric acid or bleaching powder. The solid chlorine chemical is stored in advance in a storage tank.

(B) In the second embodiment, the gaseous hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer 131 is supplied to the dissolution tank 141a of the gas dissolver 141. Alternatively, the addition device 130 may have a gas cylinder or a hydrogenation device, and gaseous hydrogen stored in the gas cylinder or gaseous hydrogen generated by the hydrogenation device may be supplied to the dissolution tank 141a. The hydrogenation device is, for example, an electrolysis device that electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.

<<Third Embodiment>>
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a water treatment facility 210 in which aquatic organisms such as fish and shellfish are raised.
The water treatment facility 210 is a closed circulation breeding system that circulates salt water and removes contaminants such as excrement, leftover food, and turbidity from the circulating salt water. This water treatment facility 210 is used for cultivating aquatic organisms, transporting live fish and shellfish, and storing and breeding live fish and shellfish at fresh fish shops and the like.

The water treatment facility 210 includes a circulation path 229 , a breeding tank 220 , a contaminant removal device 221 , an addition device 230 , a heat exchanger 224 , a reaction tank 225 , a neutralization tank 226 and a circulation pump 227 . The contaminant removal system 221 has a sedimentation tank 222 and a pressurized flotation separation system 223 .

The circulation path 229 is configured by piping or the like. Circulation path 229 is the main path through which salt water circulates.
The circulation path 229 is provided with a breeding tank 220, a sedimentation tank 222, a pressurized flotation separator 223, a reaction tank 225, a neutralization tank 226, and a circulation pump 227 in this order. A branch path 256 branches off from the circulation path 229 between the reaction vessel 225 and the pressurized flotation separator 223 , and the branch path 256 is connected to the reaction vessel 225 via the heat exchanger 224 . In the branch line 256 , an electrolyzer 231 and a liquid feed pump 235 of an addition device 230 to be described later are provided between the heat exchanger 224 and the pressurized levitation separation device 223 .

The circulation pump 227 imparts kinetic energy to the salt water and circulates the salt water. The salt water flows from the breeding tank 220 through the sedimentation tank 222 , the pressurized flotation separator 223 , the reaction tank 225 , the neutralization tank 226 and the circulation pump 227 in order, and returns to the breeding tank 220 .

The breeding tank 220 stores salt water. Aquatic organisms such as fish and shellfish are raised in the breeding tank 220 . The salt water in the breeding tank 220 is sent to the sedimentation tank 222 of the contaminant removal device 221 . Salt water is stored in the sedimentation tank 222 .

The contaminant removal device 221 separates the contaminants from the salt water and removes the contaminants.

The sedimentation tank 222 of the contaminant removal device 221 separates the contaminants suspended in the salt water into a sediment and a supernatant liquid. The supernatant is sent to the pressurized flotation separator 223 .

The pressurized flotation separation device 223 releases high-pressure salt water in which air is supersaturated and dissolved to atmospheric pressure, causing microbubbles generated in the salt water to adhere to contaminants in the salt water, thereby allowing the contaminants to float to the surface of the water together with the microbubbles. to separate the contaminants from the brine. The decontaminated brine is sent to reaction vessel 225 and addition device 230 .

A chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the addition device 230 is added to the salt water in the reaction tank 225 . In the reaction tank 225, the salt water is sterilized with the chlorine-based aqueous solution. Also, nitrogen components such as ammonia in the salt water react with the chlorine-based aqueous solution to remove the nitrogen components. The sterilized brine is sent to neutralization tank 226 .

Hydrogen water generated by the addition device 230 is added to the salt water in the neutralization tank 226 . The salt water in the neutralization tank 226 is neutralized by the hydrogen water to reduce the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water. The neutralized salt water is sent to the breeding tank 220 via the circulation pump 227 .

The addition device 230 generates chlorine-based aqueous solution and hydrogen water from the salt water sent from the pressurized flotation separation device 223 . The addition device 230 adds chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water in the reaction tank 225 . Addition device 230 adds hydrogen water to the salt water in neutralization tank 226 .

The addition device 230 has an electrolyzer 231 , a pipe 234 , a gas dissolving device 241 , a platinum catalyst 251 , liquid feed pumps 235 and 244 and a valve 253 .

The inlet of the electrolyzer 231 is connected to a portion of the circulation path 229 between the reaction tank 225 and the pressurized float separation device 223 . Therefore, the salt water from which contaminants have been removed in the pressurized flotation separator 223 is supplied to the electrolyzer 231 .

A liquid outlet of the electrolyzer 231 is connected to an inlet of the heat exchanger 224 via a liquid pump 235 . A gas outlet of the electrolyzer 231 is connected to a gas inlet of the gas dissolver 241 via a pipe 234 .
A liquid inlet of the gas dissolving device 241 is connected to a portion of the circulation path 229 between the reaction tank 225 and the pressurized levitation separation device 223 via a liquid sending pump 244 . The liquid feed pump 244 supplies the salt water from which contaminants have been removed in the pressurized float separation device 223 to the gas dissolving device 241 .
The liquid outlet of gas dissolver 241 is connected to neutralization tank 226 via valve 253 .

The electrolyzer 231 electrolyzes the salt water supplied from the pressurized float separator 223 to produce chlorine at the anode of the electrolyzer 231 and hydrogen at the cathode. Chlorine generated at the anode of the electrolyzer 231 dissolves in salt water to produce a chlorine-based aqueous solution. The generated chlorine-based aqueous solution is sent from the electrolyzer 231 to the heat exchanger 224 by the liquid sending pump 235 . Therefore, the heat exchanger 224 is sterilized, and propagation of microorganisms in the heat exchanger 224 is suppressed.

The heat exchanger 224 adjusts the temperature of the chlorine-based aqueous solution by heat exchange. Normally, the chlorine-based aqueous solution is heated by the heat exchanger 224, but it may be cooled. The chlorine-based aqueous solution temperature-controlled by the heat exchanger 224 is sent to the reaction tank 225 , and the chlorine-based aqueous solution and salt water are mixed in the reaction tank 225 . In the reaction tank 225, the salt water is sterilized with the chlorine-based aqueous solution. Here, the reaction tank 225 corresponds to a first predetermined position in the circulation path 229 to which the chlorine-based aqueous solution is added.

The hydrogen molecules generated at the cathode of the electrolyzer 231 are separated from the salt water in the degassing tower or the receiving tank, and gaseous hydrogen is generated from the salt water. The gaseous hydrogen is sent from the electrolyzer 231 to the gas dissolver 241 through the pipe 234 .

The gas dissolver 241 dissolves the gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 231 into the salt water supplied by the liquid feed pump 244 . The gas dissolving device 241 has a dissolving tank 241a and an ejection part (not shown). The dissolution tank 241a is a storage section that stores the salt water supplied by the liquid-sending pump 244 . The ejection part ejects the gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 231 into the salt water in the dissolution tank 241a in the form of bubbles. The ejected gaseous hydrogen dissolves in the salt water to produce hydrogen water containing dissolved hydrogen. The inside of the dissolving tank 241a may be pressurized to a high pressure by a compressor or the like so that the gaseous hydrogen is efficiently dissolved in the salt water.

A platinum catalyst 251 is provided in the dissolution tank 241a, and the platinum catalyst 251 is immersed in hydrogen water in the dissolution tank 241a. When the hydrogen water in the dissolution tank 241a contacts the platinum catalyst 251, the hydrogen water is activated and the reducing power of the hydrogen water is enhanced. The platinum catalyst 251 is selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals (eg, nickel, platinum), metal oxides (eg, copper-chromium oxide), and platinum group metals (eg, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium). may be replaced by a reducing catalyst comprising at least one substance with a

The hydrogen water produced in the dissolution tank 241 a is added to the salt water in the neutralization tank 226 through the valve 253 . Here, the neutralization tank 226 corresponds to a second predetermined position in the circulation path 229 to which hydrogen water is added.
A valve 253 adjusts the flow rate of hydrogen water.

The salt water in the neutralization tank 226 is neutralized with hydrogen water, and the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water is reduced. In particular, since the hydrogen water is activated by the platinum catalyst 251 and the reducing power of the hydrogen water is enhanced, the residual chlorine concentration of chlorine is greatly reduced. The neutralized salt water is sent to the breeding tank 220 through the circulation pump 227 .

According to the above third embodiment, the following advantageous effects are obtained.

(1) The heat exchanger 224 is sterilized with a chlorine-based aqueous solution, and the breeding of microorganisms in the heat exchanger 224 is suppressed.

(2) The chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 231 is added to the salt water in the reaction tank 225 as the first predetermined position. The salt water in the reaction tank 225 is sterilized by the chlorine-based aqueous solution, and propagation of microorganisms in the circulating salt water is suppressed. In addition, ammonia and the like resulting from the excrement of aquatic organisms being reared are decomposed by the chlorine-based aqueous solution. Therefore, the circulating salt water can be kept clean.

(3) The hydrogen water generated by the gas dissolving device 241 is added to the salt water in the neutralization tank 226 as the second predetermined position. The salt water in the neutralization tank 226 is neutralized with hydrogen water to reduce the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water. Since the hydrogen water is activated by the platinum catalyst 251 before being added to the salt water, the hydrogen water is highly effective in reducing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water. Since the salt water from which residual chlorine has been removed returns to the breeding tank 220, aquatic organisms can be reared in the breeding tank 220. - 特許庁

(4) The platinum catalyst 251 is placed in the dissolution tank 241a of the gas dissolving device 241, and the hydrogen water produced is stored in the dissolution tank 241a, so that the hydrogen water comes into contact with the platinum catalyst 251 for a long time. Therefore, the activation of the hydrogen water is also enhanced, and the effect of reducing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water by the hydrogen water is enhanced.

(5) It is possible to improve the sterilization effect by increasing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water in the reaction tank 225 and reduce the toxicity by removing the residual chlorine in the salt water in the neutralization tank 226 .

(6) Since chlorine-based aqueous solution and hydrogen water are generated using circulating salt water, there is no need to separately prepare chlorine-based chemicals and hydrogen. Therefore, aquatic organisms can be bred at low cost.

<<Modified example of the third embodiment>>
The third embodiment has been described above. The third embodiment described above may be modified or improved. Changes from the third embodiment described above will be described below. The modifications described below may be applied in combination.

(A) In the third embodiment, the chlorine-based aqueous solution produced by the electrolyzer 231 is added to the salt water in the reaction tank 225 . On the other hand, a chlorine-based aqueous solution that has been generated in advance and stored in a storage tank or the like may be added to the salt water in the reaction tank 225 by an injection device. The chlorine-based aqueous solution is, for example, an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution, or an aqueous solution of chlorinated isocyanuric acid, but may be another chlorine-based aqueous solution. Chlorine gas may be jetted into the salt water in the reaction tank 225 instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution. Chlorine gas is stored in gas cylinders. Also, instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution, a solid chlorine-based chemical may be added to the salt water in the reaction tank 225 by an input device. Solid chlorine agents are, for example, calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, chlorinated isocyanuric acid or bleaching powder. The solid chlorine chemical is stored in advance in a storage tank.

(B) In the third embodiment, the gaseous hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer 231 is supplied to the dissolution tank 241a of the gas dissolver 241. Alternatively, the addition device 230 may have a gas cylinder or a hydrogenation device, and gaseous hydrogen stored in the gas cylinder or gaseous hydrogen generated by the hydrogenation device may be supplied to the dissolution tank 241a. The hydrogenation device is, for example, an electrolysis device that electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.

<<Fourth Embodiment>>
6 and 7 are block diagrams showing the configuration of water treatment equipment 310 mounted on a ship. In FIGS. 6 and 7, thick arrows represent the flow of salt water. In FIG. 6, the flow of salt water as it takes in salt water from the sea 302 is represented by the thick arrows, and in FIG. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the symbols for closed valves are shown in black and those for open valves are shown in white.

This water treatment facility 310 is a ballast adjustment system that adjusts the weight of the ship and adjusts the rising and sinking of the ship by taking salt water into and out of the ship.

The water treatment facility 310 includes a water intake 320,

valves

321a and 321b, a pump 322,

valves

323a and 323b, a filtration device 324, a valve 325, a mixer 327, a ballast tank 360,

valves

328a and 328b, a water outlet 361, and an addition device 330. Prepare.

The water intake 320 is provided on the ship. Water intake 320 takes in salt water from outboard sea 302 . This water intake 320 is connected to a valve 321a via a pipe.

The valve 321a is connected to the pump 322 via piping. The valve 321 a opens and closes the path of salt water from the water intake 320 to the pump 322 .

The pump 322 is connected to

valves

323a and 323b via piping. The pump 322 generates both the kinetic energy of the saltwater flow taken from the sea 302 as shown in FIG. 6 and the kinetic energy of the saltwater flow discharged into the sea 302 as shown in FIG.

The valve 323a is connected to the filtering device 324 via piping. The valve 323b is connected to a pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 via a pipe. A route from the pump 322 to the pipe 326 via the valve 323b is called a bypass route.
Valve 323 a opens and closes the path of salt water from pump 322 to filter 324 . The valve 323 b opens and closes a salt water bypass route from the pump 322 to the pipe 326 . Here, the combination of

valves

323a and 323b is a directional control unit that switches the flow of salt water. Specifically, when the valve 323a is open and the valve 323b is closed, the brine is allowed to flow from the pump 322 to the filtration device 324, and the brine from the pump 322 to the mixer 327 via the bypass path. flow is interrupted. On the other hand, when the valve 323a is closed and the valve 323b is opened, the flow of salt water from the pump 322 to the filtering device 324 is blocked, and the flow of salt water from the pump 322 to the mixer 327 is allowed via the bypass route. be done.

The filtering device 324 is connected to the valve 325 . Filtration device 324 filters the salt water flowing through filtration device 324 .

The valve 325 is connected to the mixer 327 via a pipe 326. Valve 325 opens and closes the path of brine from filter 324 to mixer 327 . Mixer 327 is connected to

valves

328a and 328b via piping.

The valve 328a is connected to the ballast tank 360 via piping. Valve 328a opens and closes the passage of salt water from mixer 327 to ballast tank 360 . The valve 328b is connected to the water outlet 361 via piping. The valve 328b opens and closes the passage of salt water from the mixer 327 to the water outlet 361.

Here, the combination of

valves

328a and 328b is a directional control unit that switches the flow of salt water. Specifically, when the valve 328a is opened and the valve 328b is closed, the flow of salt water from the mixer 327 to the ballast tank 360 is permitted, and the flow of salt water from the mixer 327 to the water outlet 361 is blocked. be. On the other hand, when the valve 328a is closed and the valve 328b is opened, the flow of salt water from the mixer 327 to the ballast tank 360 is blocked and the flow of salt water from the mixer 327 to the water outlet 361 is allowed.

The water outlet 361 is provided on the ship. Outlet 361 discharges salt water outboard to sea 302 .

The ballast tank 360 stores salt water. The saltwater stored in ballast tanks 360 is used to provide vessel stability, and increasing or decreasing the amount of saltwater balances the vessel. For example, if the cargo loaded on the ship is heavy, the amount of salt water in the ballast tank 360 is small, and if the cargo loaded on the ship is light, the amount of salt water in the ballast tank 360 is large.

The ballast tank 360 is connected to the valve 321b. Valve 321 b is connected to pump 322 . Valve 321 b opens and closes the path of salt water from ballast tank 360 to pump 322 . Here, the combination of

valves

321a and 321b is a directional control unit that switches the flow of salt water. Specifically, when the valve 321a is opened and the valve 321b is closed, the flow of salt water from the water intake 320 to the pump 322 is permitted, and the flow of salt water from the ballast tank 360 to the pump 322 is blocked. On the other hand, when the valve 321a is closed and the valve 321b is opened, the flow of salt water from the water intake 320 to the pump 322 is blocked and the flow of salt water from the ballast tank 360 to the pump 322 is permitted.

The

valves

321a, 321b, 323a, 323b, 325, 328a, and 328b establish a salt water intake route from the water intake 320 to the ballast tank 360, or cancel establishment of the water intake route. In addition, the

valves

321a, 321b, 323a, 323b, 325, 328a, and 328b establish a water discharge route from the ballast tank 360 to the water outlet 361 when canceling the establishment of the water intake route, or when the water intake route is established. In addition, the establishment of the route from the ballast tank 360 to the water outlet 361 is cancelled.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, when the

valves

321a, 323a, 325, 328a are opened and the

valves

321b, 323b, 328b are closed, the pump 322, the filtration device 324, and the mixer 327 are sequentially operated from the intake port 320. A salt water intake route is established to the ballast tank 360 via. Such a water intake route is the main route of salt water at the time of water intake. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, when the

valves

321a, 323a, 325, and 328a are closed and the

valves

321b, 323b, and 328b are opened, the ballast tank 360 passes through the pump 322 and the mixer 327 to the water outlet 361 in order. salt water discharge route is established. Such a water discharge route is the main route of salt water at the time of water discharge.

Regardless of whether the water intake route or the water discharge route is established, the operation of the pump 322 causes salt water to flow through the water intake route or the water discharge route. When salt water flows through the water intake path, the salt water is stored in ballast tank 360, so the salt water in ballast tank 360 increases. As the saltwater flows through the discharge path, it is released into the sea 302 and reduces the amount of saltwater in the ballast tanks 360 .

When the salt water flows through the water intake path, the addition device 330 generates a chlorine-based aqueous solution from the salt water and adds the chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water flowing through the water intake path. Therefore, the salt water stored in the ballast tank 360 is sterilized with the chlorine-based aqueous solution, and the breeding of aquatic organisms in the salt water is suppressed.

When salt water flows through the water discharge path, the addition device 130 generates a chlorine-based aqueous solution and hydrogen water from the salt water, adds the chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water flowing in the water discharge path, and then releases the chlorine-based aqueous solution from the addition position. Hydrogen water is also added downstream. Therefore, the residual chlorine concentration in the salt water discharged into the sea 302 is reduced, and the natural environment of the sea 302 is not adversely affected.

The addition device 330 has an electrolyzer 331, a gas dissolver 341, a platinum catalyst 351, liquid feed pumps 335, 344, and

valves

334a, 334b, 353.

The inlet of the electrolyzer 331 is connected to the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 via the liquid feed pump 335 . The liquid outlet of electrolyzer 331 is connected to piping 326 between valve 325 and mixer 327 . The position where the inlet of the electrolyzer 331 is connected to the pipe 326 via the liquid feed pump 335 is closer to the valve 325 than the position where the liquid outlet of the electrolyzer 331 is connected to the pipe 326, and the valve 323 b is closer to the mixer 327 than the position where it is connected to the pipe 326 . The gas outlets of electrolyzer 331 are connected to

valves

334a and 334b.

The liquid-sending pump 335 operates regardless of whether the water intake route or the water discharge route is established. The liquid feed pump 335 supplies salt water flowing through the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 to the electrolyzer 331 .

The electrolyzer 331 electrolyzes the salt water sent by the liquid sending pump 335 to generate chlorine at the anode of the electrolyzer 331 and hydrogen at the cathode. Chlorine generated at the anode of the electrolyzer 331 dissolves in salt water to produce a chlorine-based aqueous solution. The produced chlorine-based aqueous solution is sent to the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 . Here, the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 corresponds to the first predetermined position where the chlorine-based aqueous solution is added in the salt water discharge path.

The hydrogen molecules generated at the cathode of the electrolyzer 331 are separated from the salt water in the degassing tower or the receiving tank, and gaseous hydrogen is generated from the salt water. The gaseous hydrogen flows from electrolyzer 331 to

valves

334a, 334b.

The valve 334a is connected to the exhaust port. When the water intake path is established, the valve 334a opens the gaseous hydrogen path from the electrolyzer 331 to the exhaust port, and when the water discharge path is established, the valve 334a opens the gaseous hydrogen path from the electrolyzer 331 to the exhaust port. Closes the hydrogen pathway. The valve 334 b is connected to the gas inlet of the gas dissolver 341 . When the water intake path is established, the valve 334b closes the path of gaseous hydrogen from the electrolyzer 331 to the gas dissolver 341, and when the water discharge path is established, the valve 334b closes the path of gaseous hydrogen from the electrolyzer 331 to the gas dissolver. Open the path for gaseous hydrogen to 341. Here, valve 334a . Combination 334b is a directional control that switches the flow of gaseous hydrogen. Specifically, when the valve 334a is opened and the valve 334b is closed, gaseous hydrogen is permitted to flow from the electrolyzer 331 to the exhaust port, and gaseous hydrogen from the electrolyzer 331 to the gas dissolver 341 is permitted. flow is interrupted. On the other hand, when the valve 334a is closed and the valve 334b is opened, the flow of gaseous hydrogen from the electrolyzer 331 to the exhaust port is blocked, and the flow of gaseous hydrogen from the electrolyzer 331 to the gas dissolver 341 is permitted. be done.

A liquid inlet of the gas dissolving device 341 is connected to the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 via a liquid feed pump 344 . The position where the liquid inlet of the gas dissolving device 341 is connected to the pipe 326 via the liquid feed pump 344 is closer to the mixer 327 than the position where the valve 323b is connected to the pipe 326, and the electrolyzer 331 inlet is closer to the valve 325 than the position where the inlet is connected to the pipe 326 via the liquid feed pump 335 . The liquid outlet of gas dissolver 341 is connected to valve 353 . Valve 353 is connected to mixer 327 .

When the water intake route is established, the liquid transfer pump 344 is stopped and the valve 353 is closed. When the water discharge path is established, the liquid transfer pump 344 is activated and the valve 353 is opened. The liquid-sending pump 344 supplies salt water flowing through the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 to the gas dissolving device 341 .

The gas dissolver 341 dissolves the gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 331 into the salt water supplied by the liquid feed pump 344 . The gas dissolving device 341 has a dissolving tank 341a and an ejection part (not shown). The dissolution tank 341a is a storage section that stores the salt water supplied by the liquid-sending pump 344 . The ejection part ejects the gaseous hydrogen introduced from the electrolyzer 331 into the salt water in the dissolution tank 341a in the form of bubbles. The ejected gaseous hydrogen dissolves in the salt water to produce hydrogen water containing dissolved hydrogen. The inside of the dissolution tank 341a may be pressurized to a high pressure by a compressor or the like so that the gaseous hydrogen is efficiently dissolved in the salt water.

A platinum catalyst 351 is provided in the dissolution tank 341a, and the platinum catalyst 351 is immersed in hydrogen water in the dissolution tank 341a. When the hydrogen water in the dissolution tank 341a contacts the platinum catalyst 351, the hydrogen water is activated and the reducing power of the hydrogen water is enhanced. The platinum catalyst 351 is selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals (eg, nickel, platinum), metal oxides (eg, copper-chromium oxide), and platinum group metals (eg, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium). may be replaced by a reducing catalyst comprising at least one substance with a

The hydrogen water produced in the dissolution tank 341 a is added to the salt water in the mixer 327 through the valve 353 . Here, the mixer 327 corresponds to a second predetermined position where hydrogen water is added in the salt water discharge path.
A valve 353 adjusts the flow rate of hydrogen water.

When salt water from the sea 302 is taken in by the water treatment facility 310 configured as described above, the

valves

321a, 323a, 325, 328a are opened and the

valves

321b, 323b, 328b are closed, as shown in FIG. Therefore, a water intake route from water intake 320 to ballast tank 360 is established. Then, when the pump 322 operates, salt water from the sea 302 flows into the water intake 320 , and the salt water flows through the pump 322 , the filtering device 324 and the mixer 327 in order into the ballast tank 360 . This increases the amount of salt water in ballast tank 360 .

At that time, the liquid transfer pump 335 is activated. Therefore, the salt water flowing through the pipe 326 from the valve 325 to the mixer 327 is supplied to the electrolyzer 331 by the liquid feed pump 335 , and the chlorine-based aqueous solution and gaseous hydrogen are generated by the electrolyzer 331 . Since the valve 334a opens, the produced gaseous hydrogen is released to the atmosphere through the exhaust port. Also, since the valve 334b is closed, gaseous hydrogen does not flow into the gas dissolver 341. FIG. Further, since the liquid feed pump 344 is stopped and the valve 353 is closed, the salt water does not flow back from the mixer 327 to the gas dissolving device 341 .

The chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 331 is added to the salt water flowing through the pipe 326 from the valve 325 to the mixer 327. In the mixer 327, the salt water and chlorine-based aqueous solution are mixed, and the salt water is sterilized. The sterilized salt water is stored in ballast tanks 360 . Therefore, breeding of aquatic organisms in salt water is suppressed within the ballast tank 360 . In addition, when the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water is too high, the valve 334a may be closed, the

valves

334b and 353 may be opened, and the liquid transfer pump 344 may be operated. Thereby, hydrogen water is generated in the gas dissolving device 341, and the hydrogen water is added to the salt water in the mixer 327, thereby reducing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water.

On the other hand, when the water treatment facility 310 discharges salt water into the sea 302, as shown in FIG. Therefore, a water discharge route from the ballast tank 360 to the water discharge port 361 is established. Then, when the pump 322 operates, salt water flows out from the ballast tank 360 , and the salt water passes through the pump 322 and the mixer 327 in order, and flows out from the water outlet 361 to the sea 302 . This reduces the salt water in the ballast tank 360 .

At that time, the valve 334a is closed, the

valves

334b and 353 are opened, and the liquid feed pumps 335 and 344 are operated. Therefore, the salt water flowing through the pipe 326 from the valve 325 to the mixer 327 is supplied to the electrolyzer 331 by the liquid feed pump 335 , and the chlorine-based aqueous solution and gaseous hydrogen are generated by the electrolyzer 331 . The chlorine-based aqueous solution produced by the electrolyzer 331 is added to the salt water flowing through the pipe 326 from the valve 325 to the mixer 327 . Therefore, the salt water is sterilized.

The gaseous hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer 331 is sent from the electrolyzer 331 to the gas dissolver 341 through the valve 334b. The gaseous hydrogen is jetted into the salt water in the dissolution tank 341a in the form of bubbles from the jetting part of the gas dissolving device 341, and the jetted gaseous hydrogen dissolves in the salt water to generate hydrogen water. Since the generated hydrogen water comes into contact with the platinum catalyst 351, the hydrogen water is activated and the reducing power of the hydrogen water is enhanced.

The produced hydrogen water is sent to the mixer 327 through the valve 353 and added to the salt water in the mixer 327. The salt water in the mixer 327 is neutralized by the hydrogen water to reduce the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water. In particular, since the reducing power of hydrogen water is enhanced, the residual chlorine concentration of chlorine is greatly reduced. Neutralized salt water is discharged into sea 302 through valve 328b and outlet 361 .

According to the above fourth embodiment, the following advantageous effects are obtained.

(1) At the time of water intake, the chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 331 is added to the salt water in the pipe 326 . Since the salt water is sterilized by the piping chlorine-based aqueous solution, breeding of aquatic organisms in the ballast tank 360 is suppressed. Even if the aquatic organisms in the ballast tank 360 are regenerated during the voyage, the chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 331 is added to the salt water in the pipe 326 serving as the first predetermined position when water is discharged. The salt water is sterilized by a chlorine-based aqueous solution. Therefore, the occurrence of alien species in the water discharge area is suppressed, and the impact on the ecosystem is suppressed.

(2) When water is discharged, the hydrogen water generated by the gas dissolving device 341 is added to the salt water in the mixer 327 serving as the second predetermined position. The salt water is neutralized with hydrogen water to reduce the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water. Since the hydrogen water is activated by the platinum catalyst 351 and the contact time between the hydrogen water and the platinum catalyst 351 is long, the effect of reducing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water is high. Therefore, the discharged salt water does not adversely affect the natural environment of the discharge area.

(3) Even if the concentration of residual chlorine in the salt water is increased at the time of water intake or discharge, the residual chlorine in the salt water at the time of water discharge is removed by hydrogen water, so the natural environment of the water discharge area can be protected. That is, it is possible to improve the sterilization effect and prevent the generation of alien species by increasing the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water, and to protect the natural environment by the residual chlorine concentration of the salt water.

(4) There is no need to separately prepare chlorine chemicals and hydrogen, and the natural environment and ecosystem can be protected at low cost.

<<Modified example of the fourth embodiment>>
The fourth embodiment has been described above. The above fourth embodiment may be modified or improved. Changes from the first embodiment described above will be described below. The modifications described below may be applied in combination.

(A) In the fourth embodiment, the chlorine-based aqueous solution generated by the electrolyzer 331 is added to salt water. Alternatively, a chlorine-based aqueous solution that has been generated in advance and stored in a storage tank or the like may be added to the salt water flowing through the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 by the dosing device. The chlorine-based aqueous solution is, for example, an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution, or an aqueous solution of chlorinated isocyanuric acid, but may be another chlorine-based aqueous solution. Further, instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution, chlorine gas may be jetted into the salt water flowing through the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 . Chlorine gas is stored in gas cylinders. Alternatively, instead of the chlorine-based aqueous solution, a solid chlorine-based chemical may be added to the salt water flowing through the pipe 326 between the valve 325 and the mixer 327 by an input device. Solid chlorine agents are, for example, calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, chlorinated isocyanuric acid or bleaching powder. The solid chlorine chemical is stored in advance in a storage tank.

(B) In the fourth embodiment, gaseous hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer 331 is supplied to the dissolution tank 341a of the gas dissolver 341. Alternatively, the addition device 330 may have a gas cylinder or a hydrogenation device, and gaseous hydrogen stored in the gas cylinder or gaseous hydrogen generated by the hydrogenation device may be supplied to the dissolution tank 341a. The hydrogenation device is, for example, an electrolysis device that electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.

2, 102, 302 ... sea (natural water area)
11, 110, 210, 310... Water treatment equipment 18... Condenser (equipment)
20... Water intake channel 21... Water intake port 22... Water discharge channel 24... Water discharge port 25... Water channel (main route)
30...

Addition device

31, 131, 231, 331...

Electrolysis device

41, 141, 241, 341... Gas dissolution device 41a... Dissolution tank 51... Platinum catalyst 122... Multi-layer filter (filter)
125 ... safety filter (filter)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 127... Reverse osmosis membrane filtration apparatus 220... Breeding tank 221... Pollutant removal apparatus 222... Sedimentation tank 223... Pressure flotation type separation apparatus 225... Reaction tank 226... Neutralization tank 229... Circulation path (main path)
360... Ballast tank

Claims

A method for reducing residual chlorine in which a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen is brought into contact with a catalyst, and then the hydrogen-containing liquid is added to water containing residual chlorine.
supplying salt water flowing through the main path to a dissolution tank and an electrolyzer, and electrolyzing the salt water with the electrolyzer to generate gaseous hydrogen and a chlorine-based aqueous solution;
producing a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen by sending the gaseous hydrogen to the dissolution tank and dissolving the gaseous hydrogen in the salt water contacted with the catalyst in the dissolution tank;
adding the chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water in the main path at a first predetermined position in the main path;
A water treatment method, wherein the hydrogen-containing liquid is added to the salt water in the main path at a second predetermined position downstream of the first predetermined position.
The main route is a waterway that takes in the salt water from a natural water area into the power plant and discharges the taken-in salt water into the natural water area,
3. The water treatment method according to claim 2, wherein a condenser is provided in said main path between said first predetermined position and said second predetermined position.
A filter and a reverse osmosis membrane filtration device are provided in the main path in order from upstream to downstream,
The filter is provided between the first predetermined position and the second predetermined position, and the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device is provided downstream of the second predetermined position,
3. The water treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the salt water is filtered by the filter, and fresh water is separated from the salt water by the reverse osmosis membrane filtration device.
The main route is a circulation route through which the salt water circulates,
A breeding tank, a pollutant removal device, a reaction tank and a neutralization tank are provided in order on said main path, said first predetermined position being in said reaction tank and said second predetermined position being in said neutralization tank. 2. The water treatment method according to 2.
The water treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the main route is a water discharge route for discharging the salt water from the ship's ballast tank to the sea.
7. The reducing catalyst according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the catalyst is a reducing catalyst containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals, metal oxides and platinum group metals. water treatment method.
In a water discharge method in which water containing residual chlorine is discharged into a natural water area through a water discharge channel from a facility where water containing residual chlorine is used,
A water discharge method comprising bringing a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen into contact with a catalyst, and then adding the hydrogen-containing liquid to the water in the water discharge channel.
The water discharge method according to claim 8, wherein the catalyst is a reducing catalyst containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals, metal oxides and platinum group metals.
The water discharge method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the hydrogen-containing liquid is generated and brought into contact with the catalyst by dissolving gaseous hydrogen in the liquid while the catalyst is immersed in the liquid.
The water discharge method according to claim 10, wherein the gaseous hydrogen is generated by electrolysis of water, and the hydrogen-containing liquid is generated by dissolving the gaseous hydrogen in the liquid.
In a water treatment method for taking water from a natural water area into a waterway through a water intake and discharging the water taken into the waterway through a water outlet into the natural water area,
After adding a chlorine-based chemical to the water at a first predetermined position in the water channel and bringing the hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen into contact with the catalyst, at a second predetermined position closer to the water outlet than the first predetermined position A water treatment method comprising adding the hydrogen-containing liquid to the water in the water channel.
The water treatment method according to claim 12, wherein the catalyst is a reducing catalyst containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals, metal oxides and platinum group metals.
The water treatment method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the hydrogen-containing liquid is generated and brought into contact with the catalyst by dissolving gaseous hydrogen in the liquid while the catalyst is immersed in the liquid.
The natural water area is the sea or a salt lake, and the water taken in through the water intake is salt water,
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the salt water is supplied from the water channel to an electrolyzer, the salt water is electrolyzed by the electrolyzer to generate gaseous hydrogen, and the gaseous hydrogen is used to generate the hydrogen-containing liquid. The described water treatment method.
The water channel is provided between the water intake and the equipment, and is provided between the water intake channel for sending water taken in from the water intake to the equipment, and between the equipment and the water discharge port, and the water is distributed to the equipment. a water discharge channel that feeds from to the water discharge port,
16. The water treatment method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein said first predetermined position is within said intake channel and said second predetermined position is within said discharge channel.
a waterway having a water intake and a water outlet provided in a natural water area, taking in water from the natural water area through the water intake and discharging the taken water through the water outlet into the natural water area;
a chlorine-based chemical adding device for adding a chlorine-based chemical to the water in the water channel at a first predetermined position of the water channel;
a reservoir that stores a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen and that discharges the hydrogen-containing liquid to a second predetermined position closer to the water outlet than the first predetermined position in the water channel;
a catalyst immersed in the hydrogen-containing liquid in the reservoir;
Water treatment facility with.
The water treatment facility according to claim 17, wherein the catalyst is a reducing catalyst containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals, metal oxides and platinum group metals.
The water treatment facility according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the reservoir is a dissolving tank of a gas dissolving device that generates the hydrogen-containing liquid by dissolving gaseous hydrogen into liquid.
a discharge channel provided between the facility and a natural water area for discharging water containing residual chlorine from the facility to the natural water area;
a reservoir for storing a hydrogen-containing liquid containing dissolved hydrogen and for discharging the hydrogen-containing liquid to the water discharge channel;
a catalyst immersed in the hydrogen-containing liquid in the reservoir;
Water treatment facility with.
The water treatment facility according to claim 20, wherein the catalyst is a reducing catalyst containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of Group 10 element metals, metal oxides and platinum group metals.
The water treatment facility according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the reservoir is a dissolution tank of a gas dissolver that generates the hydrogen-containing liquid by dissolving gaseous hydrogen into liquid.
a water intake channel leading to the natural water area and supplying water from the natural water area to the facility;
23. The electrolyzer for supplying the water from the water intake channel, generating the gaseous hydrogen by electrolysis of the water, and delivering the gaseous hydrogen to the dissolving tank of the gas dissolving device. Water treatment equipment as described.
The natural water area is the sea or a salt lake, and the water taken into the intake channel is salt water,
24. The water treatment facility according to claim 23, wherein the electrolyzer produces a chlorine-based aqueous solution containing effective chlorine by electrolyzing the salt water, and adds the chlorine-based aqueous solution to the salt water in the intake channel.
The water treatment facility according to any one of claims 20 to 24, wherein the facility is a condenser.