WO2022248163A1 - Kompensationsnetzwerk - Google Patents
Kompensationsnetzwerk Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022248163A1 WO2022248163A1 PCT/EP2022/061663 EP2022061663W WO2022248163A1 WO 2022248163 A1 WO2022248163 A1 WO 2022248163A1 EP 2022061663 W EP2022061663 W EP 2022061663W WO 2022248163 A1 WO2022248163 A1 WO 2022248163A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- compensation
- winding
- electrical machine
- electrical
- capacitor
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/50—Reduction of harmonics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/40—Structural association with grounding devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
- H02M1/123—Suppression of common mode voltage or current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H1/00—Constructional details of impedance networks whose electrical mode of operation is not specified or applicable to more than one type of network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H1/00—Constructional details of impedance networks whose electrical mode of operation is not specified or applicable to more than one type of network
- H03H2001/0014—Capacitor filters, i.e. capacitors whose parasitic inductance is of relevance to consider it as filter
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical device for compensating for common-mode interference in an electrical machine, a system and an electrical machine.
- FIG. 1 shows a simplified schematic representation of the formation of common-mode interference.
- the electrodes of a transistor, in particular the drain electrode 12, or their leads are generally electrically insulated from the ground potential 14 of a housing 16 (reference potential). Since the permittivity of the electrical insulation 18 is not infinitely large, this arrangement represents a parasitic capacitance 20. Variations in the potential of the drain electrode 12 of this parasitic capacitance 20 with respect to the ground potential 14 produce common-mode interference (also common-mode interference), which adversely affect electromagnetic compatibility. The disturbances occur synchronously with the switching processes of the drain electrode 12.
- the common-mode interference can occur both for positive and for negative voltage potentials with respect to ground potential 14 .
- the common-mode interference therefore also has an adverse effect on the functioning of components of the electronic device. Due to the common-mode interference, complex and therefore expensive filter elements must be provided in order to be able to comply with legal limit values.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of compensating for or at least reducing such common-mode interference.
- an electrical device for compensating for common-mode interference in an electrical machine includes at least one compensation network with at least one compensation winding and a compensation capacitor.
- the compensation winding and the compensation capacitor are arranged in a series circuit.
- the at least one compensation winding interacts with at least one stator winding of the electrical machine in such a way that a compensation current counteracting the common-mode interference is generated.
- the electrical machine can be coupled to a power converter.
- Common-mode interference can occur due to the switching operations of the switching elements of the power converter.
- filter elements coupled to the power converter can be provided.
- the common-mode interference can advantageously be at least partially compensated for by the compensation network. This improves the electromagnetic compatibility in the electrical machine. There are fewer disturbances, which is why the limit values can also be met with less complex and cost-intensive filter elements. Overall, the machine has reduced manufacturing costs.
- the compensation current generated can have a phase shift of 180° compared to the common-mode interference.
- the compensation current has an amplitude opposite to that of the common-mode interference. Therefore, the common-mode interference that occurs and cannot be avoided can be reduced in amplitude or even compensated for.
- the compensation network can be passive. This means that the compensation network only includes passive electrical components can. Passive components are particularly cheap. The manufacturing costs of the device are low.
- the at least one compensation winding can have a number of turns that corresponds to the number of turns of the at least one stator winding. This simplifies the design of the compensation network, since only lower demands are then placed on the compensation capacitor in order to be able to design the compensation network in such a way that the common-mode interference is compensated for in terms of amplitude.
- the compensation winding can be formed with the at least one stator winding in accordance with a transformer.
- a transformer is viewed as a special case of a transformer.
- the number of windings in the transformer is identical.
- the windings can then be arranged in opposite directions.
- the arrangement as a transformer makes it possible for the voltage changes that caused it, ie the voltage rise or fall, to be mirrored in the compensation network.
- the transformer makes it possible to select the mirroring based on the sense of the winding in such a way that the 180° phase offset can be achieved in a particularly simple manner.
- the compensation winding can be designed as an additional winding on the at least one stator winding.
- the general layout of the electrical machine can remain unchanged despite the additional compensation winding.
- the electric machine can have a housing. At least one rotor and one stator of the electrical machine can be arranged in the housing.
- the compensation network can then be designed in such a way that the compensation capacitor can be arranged inside or outside the housing.
- the housing can advantageously be electrically conductive and lie at ground potential. .
- the compensation capacitor can also act as a high-pass filter. It is therefore permeable to high-frequency signals. However, it blocks low-frequency signals.
- the compensation capacitor and the compensation winding can be designed and set up in such a way that the product of the capacitance of the compensation capacitor and the inductance of the compensation winding is equal to the product of the inductance of the at least one stator winding and a parasitic capacitance, based on which the at least partially compensated common-mode interference is caused are. If this condition is met, then the common-mode interference is advantageously completely compensated for in terms of phase and amplitude, provided edge effects such as contact resistances or the like are neglected.
- a system of electrical devices for an n-phase electrical machine includes at least one stator winding assigned to a respective current phase.
- the system comprises at least n electrical devices of the type described above. At least one stator winding assigned to a respective current phase interacts with one of the n electrical devices.
- the electrical machine can be coupled to a power converter.
- An electrical device with a compensation network is then advantageously provided for each of the n current phases of the electrical machine. Therefore, the common-mode interference can then be compensated for all n current phases of the electrical machine.
- a power converter that is coupled to the current phases of the electrical machine can advantageously be operated without common-mode interference. In this way, the requirements for the filter elements that are otherwise to be provided in order to comply with the specifications for electromagnetic compatibility can be reduced.
- the system can also have an intermediate circuit capacitor for the electric machine.
- the current phases of the electrical machine can be coupled in a star point.
- the star point can then be electrically coupled to a midpoint of the intermediate circuit capacitor.
- the intermediate circuit capacitor can have at least two partial capacitors. This provides the possibility of compensating for the common-mode interference from the entire group of n current phases.
- the electrical machine can be 3m-phase, where m is a natural number greater than 0.
- the current phase number can be an integer be a multiple of 3. This corresponds to the typical design of today's electrical machines.
- an electric machine for an at least partially electrically powered vehicle includes a system of the type described above.
- the electrical machine is coupled to a power converter.
- the electrical machine can be set up in the manner of a synchronous machine.
- the electrical machine comprises a rotor which is designed to be rotatable about an axis of rotation and has at least one separately excited rotor winding.
- the electric machine also includes at least one stator with at least one set of stator windings.
- the stator winding set has at least n stator windings.
- the system can also include at least n compensation networks, an electrical machine and a power converter.
- an at least partially electrically powered vehicle which comprises an electric machine as described above.
- At least partially electrically powered vehicles can include, in particular, land vehicles, namely electric scooters, e-scooters, two-wheelers, motorcycles, three-wheelers, trikes, quads, off-road and road vehicles such as passenger cars, buses, trucks and other commercial vehicles, rail vehicles ( trains), but also watercraft (boats) and aircraft such as helicopters, multicopters, propeller aircraft and jet aircraft, which have at least one electric motor used to propel the vehicle.
- Vehicles can be manned or unmanned.
- pure electric vehicles BEV
- HEV Hybrid electric vehicles
- PHEV plug-in hybrids
- FCHV fuel cell vehicles
- FIG. 2 shows a simplified schematic representation of an electrical device according to an embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a simplified schematic representation of a compensation winding.
- FIG. 2 shows a simplified schematic representation of an electrical device 30 according to an embodiment.
- a 3-phase electrical machine 32 for an at least partially electrically driven vehicle is shown.
- the electrical machine 32 is arranged in a housing 34 .
- the rotor and the stator of the electrical machine 32 are arranged in a volume enclosed by the housing 34 .
- a power converter 36 is provided in the electric machine 32, which in the present case is designed as a B6 bridge.
- an intermediate circuit capacitor 40 which serves as a buffer capacitor.
- the intermediate circuit capacitor 40 includes the present two part capacitors 42, 44, between which a center tap 46 of the intermediate circuit capacitor 40 is formed.
- the electric machine 32 is coupled to a DC voltage source 48 .
- the DC voltage source 48 can be a high-voltage battery of the vehicle.
- the power converter 36 is coupled between the positive and negative potentials of the DC voltage source 48 .
- the electrical machine 32 is three-phase with the current phases n1, n2, n3.
- the current phases n1-n3 are applied to stator windings which are electrically connected to intermediate taps of respective transistor pairs of the converter 36 by means of supply lines 50, 52, 54.
- the supply lines 50, 52, 54 and the stator windings of the current phases n1, n2, n3 are electrically insulated from the ground potential 58. Due to the switching operations of the transistors 38 of the power converter 36, however, the potential differences vary relative to ground. Therefore, common-mode interference is induced, which is shown here as parasitic capacitances 56A, 56B, 56C. The common-mode interference occurs regardless of whether positive or negative voltage potentials are present at the stator windings and the supply lines 50, 52, 54.
- Compensation networks 59 are provided to compensate for the common-mode interference.
- a compensation network 59 includes only passive components. It can therefore also be referred to as a passive compensation network 59 .
- Compensation network 59 includes at least one compensation winding 60 and one compensation capacitor 62.
- the compensation winding 60 is arranged inside the housing 34 of the electrical machine 32 .
- the compensation capacitor 62 is arranged outside of the housing 34 .
- the compensation capacitor 62 can also be arranged within the housing 34 .
- the compensation winding 60 and the compensation capacitor 62 are arranged in a series circuit.
- the compensation network 59 is assigned to the current phase n3.
- Compensation winding 60 interacts with the stator winding of current phase n3 together.
- the compensation winding 60 is designed as a transformer 64 with the stator winding of the current phase n3. This means that the stator winding of the current phase n3 and the compensation winding 60 have the same number of turns.
- Compensation winding 60 is also electrically connected to ground potential 58 .
- the compensation winding 60 and the compensation capacitor 62 are designed according to the following condition.
- the product of the number of turns of the compensation winding 60 and the capacitance of the compensation capacitor 62 is equal to the product of the number of turns of the associated stator winding of the current phase n3 and the respective parasitic capacitance 56A. Since the number of turns of the compensation winding 60 and the stator winding of the current phase n3 are the same, the compensation capacitor 62 must therefore have a capacitance which corresponds to that of the parasitic capacitance 56A.
- the parasitic capacitance can be determined in advance using a simulated network and an EMI (electromagnetic interference) receiver. The compensation capacitor 62 can then be designed accordingly.
- the current phases n1, n2, n3 of the electrical machine 32 are coupled at a star point 66.
- Star point 66 of electrical machine 32 is electrically connected to intermediate tap 46 of intermediate circuit capacitor 40 .
- the intermediate tap 46 can also be referred to as a midpoint tap, since the partial capacitors 42, 44 have the same capacitance.
- the compensation winding 60 and the compensation capacitor 62 are designed accordingly, the common-mode interference can be compensated for in a simple manner.
- the formation of the compensation winding 60 with the stator winding of the current phase n3 as a transformer 64 ensures that a phase shift of 180° is ensured with different winding directions.
- a particularly good coupling ratio can be achieved with the transformer 64 .
- each compensation network 59 is designed according to the above conditions.
- the connection between star point 66 and intermediate tap 46 of the intermediate circuit capacitor ensures a symmetrical design.
- FIG 3 shows a simplified schematic representation of a compensation winding 60.
- the compensation winding 60 is formed directly on the stator winding 66 as an additional winding. Only electrical insulation 68 is provided between the windings. This provides a good coupling ratio between the bucking winding 60 and the stator winding 66 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280015219.1A CN116941166A (zh) | 2021-05-25 | 2022-05-02 | 补偿网络 |
US18/281,627 US20240154564A1 (en) | 2021-05-25 | 2022-05-02 | Compensation Network |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021113386.6A DE102021113386A1 (de) | 2021-05-25 | 2021-05-25 | Kompensationsnetzwerk, System, elektrische Maschine und Fahrzeug |
DE102021113386.6 | 2021-05-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022248163A1 true WO2022248163A1 (de) | 2022-12-01 |
Family
ID=81854364
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/061663 WO2022248163A1 (de) | 2021-05-25 | 2022-05-02 | Kompensationsnetzwerk |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240154564A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN116941166A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021113386A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022248163A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1564875A1 (de) * | 2002-11-11 | 2005-08-17 | The Circle for the Promotion of Science and Engineering | Filter |
DE102004016738B3 (de) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-11-10 | Siemens Ag | Kompensationsvorrichtung zur Vermeidung von schädlichen Lagerströmen in einer elektrischen Maschine und entsprechendes Kompensationsverfahren |
DE102015225095A1 (de) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-06-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spannungsumrichter, elektrisches Antriebssystem und Verfahren zum Reduzieren von Störspannungen |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2844594C2 (de) | 1978-10-13 | 1980-09-25 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Anordnung zur Unterdrückung von Störspannungen |
-
2021
- 2021-05-25 DE DE102021113386.6A patent/DE102021113386A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-02 CN CN202280015219.1A patent/CN116941166A/zh active Pending
- 2022-05-02 US US18/281,627 patent/US20240154564A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-02 WO PCT/EP2022/061663 patent/WO2022248163A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1564875A1 (de) * | 2002-11-11 | 2005-08-17 | The Circle for the Promotion of Science and Engineering | Filter |
DE102004016738B3 (de) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-11-10 | Siemens Ag | Kompensationsvorrichtung zur Vermeidung von schädlichen Lagerströmen in einer elektrischen Maschine und entsprechendes Kompensationsverfahren |
DE102015225095A1 (de) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-06-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spannungsumrichter, elektrisches Antriebssystem und Verfahren zum Reduzieren von Störspannungen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116941166A (zh) | 2023-10-24 |
DE102021113386A1 (de) | 2022-12-01 |
US20240154564A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
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