WO2022244640A1 - アクチュエータ駆動装置、及び、それを備えるステアリングシステム - Google Patents
アクチュエータ駆動装置、及び、それを備えるステアリングシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022244640A1 WO2022244640A1 PCT/JP2022/019686 JP2022019686W WO2022244640A1 WO 2022244640 A1 WO2022244640 A1 WO 2022244640A1 JP 2022019686 W JP2022019686 W JP 2022019686W WO 2022244640 A1 WO2022244640 A1 WO 2022244640A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- actuator
- relay
- power
- inverter
- Prior art date
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/0481—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures
- B62D5/0484—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such monitoring the steering system, e.g. failures for reaction to failures, e.g. limp home
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
- H02P29/028—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the motor continuing operation despite the fault condition, e.g. eliminating, compensating for or remedying the fault
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/001—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup
- B62D5/005—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup means for generating torque on steering wheel or input member, e.g. feedback
- B62D5/006—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup means for generating torque on steering wheel or input member, e.g. feedback power actuated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an actuator driving device and a steering system including the same.
- a device for controlling the drive of an actuator in a steering system of a vehicle in the event of a power failure For example, a vehicle control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 supplies electric power from a backup power supply when a main power supply fails in a steer-by-wire vehicle, stops control of a reaction force actuator, and turns a steering actuator. Continue rudder control.
- actuator drives for steering systems including steer-by-wire systems and electric power steering systems
- power is supplied by turning off the power relay installed in the power supply line to prevent overcurrent and erroneous output when the main power supply fails.
- This phenomenon occurs not only when switching from the main power supply to the backup power supply, but also when the main power supply temporarily fails and the inverter input voltage drops, and then returns after a while. Assuming that the control when the power supply is normal is "normal control”, the above phenomenon is "when the power supply fails and normal control stops, and then the power is restored, if the power relay is turned off, normal control will be resumed. cannot be restarted properly.”
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide an actuator drive device that appropriately determines resumption of normal control after a power failure.
- the present disclosure is an actuator drive device that converts power from a DC power supply with an inverter and supplies the converted power to an actuator, and includes an inverter, an input voltage detector, a power relay, and a control unit.
- a voltage is applied to the inverter from the DC power supply via the power supply line.
- the power relay is provided in the middle of the power supply line, and cuts off the current from the DC power supply side to the inverter side when the power supply is turned off.
- the input voltage detector detects an inverter input voltage applied to the inverter.
- the control unit controls the operation of the inverter, detects failure and restoration of the DC power supply based on the reduction and restoration of the inverter input voltage, and operates the power relay.
- control unit executes "power supply failure recovery processing" to determine whether to resume normal control, which is the control when the DC power supply is normal.
- the control unit performs the following control in the power failure recovery process.
- the control unit When one power relay OFF period and one power relay ON period have passed without the inverter input voltage returning, the control unit turns off the power relay for the second time and stops driving the actuator. Alternatively, the control unit turns off the power relay for the (N+1)th time and turns off the actuator when the inverter input voltage is not restored for N power relay OFF periods and N power relay ON periods that are repeated two or more times. Stop driving.
- the control unit of the present disclosure alternately repeats a period in which the power relay is turned on and a period in which it is turned off after a failure of the DC power supply, thereby quickly resuming normal control and implementing safety measures when the inverter input voltage returns. can be compatible.
- the control unit stops driving the actuator, thereby reducing the possibility of recovery. To avoid unnecessary continuation of processing when it is not expected.
- the present disclosure provides a steering assist actuator that outputs a steering assist force, a reaction force actuator that outputs a reaction force with respect to steering by a driver, or a steering actuator that outputs a steering force for steering a tire, and the above actuator drive.
- a device is provided as a steering system comprising: The actuator driving device drives at least one of a steering assist actuator, a reaction force actuator, and a steering actuator as an actuator.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electric power steering system
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the steer-by-wire system
- FIG. 3 is a power supply configuration diagram of a system including a main power supply, a backup power supply and an actuator drive
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the switching process from the main power supply to the backup power supply
- FIG. 5 is a time chart showing power failure recovery processing (Case 1) of the first embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a time chart showing power failure recovery processing (Case 2) of the first embodiment
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electric power steering system
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the steer-by-wire system
- FIG. 3 is a power supply configuration diagram of a system including a main power supply, a backup power supply and an actuator drive
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the switching process from the main power supply to the backup power supply
- FIG. 5 is a time chart showing power failure recovery processing (Case 1) of the first
- FIG. 7 is a time chart showing power failure recovery processing (Case 3) of the first embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a time chart showing power failure recovery processing (Case 4) of the first embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing actuator output limits in power failure recovery processing
- FIG. 10 is a flow chart of inverter drive stop etc. in the control during abnormality detection
- FIG. 11 is a time chart showing the power failure recovery process of the second embodiment
- FIG. 12 is a time chart showing power failure recovery processing according to the third embodiment.
- Actuator driving devices will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- the actuator drive device of each embodiment is applied to a steering system of a vehicle, and drives a steering assist actuator, a reaction force actuator, and a steering actuator.
- the following first to third embodiments will be collectively referred to as "this embodiment".
- the actuator drive device of this embodiment drives a motor as a typical actuator.
- Steps 1 and 2 schematic configurations of an electric power steering system (hereafter referred to as "EPS system”) and a steer-by-wire system (hereafter referred to as “SBW system”) will be described as steering systems.
- EPS system electric power steering system
- SBW system steer-by-wire system
- FIGS. 1 and 2 the tire 99 on only one side is illustrated, and the illustration of the tire on the opposite side is omitted.
- actuator is abbreviated as “Act” in some places. 1 and 2, the same reference numerals are given to substantially the same configurations, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an EPS system 901 in which the steering mechanism and the steering mechanism are mechanically coupled.
- FIG. 1 shows a rack-assist type EPS system
- the column-assist type EPS system is similar.
- steering shaft 92 and rack 97 are connected by intermediate shaft 95 .
- the EPS system 901 includes a steering torque sensor 94, an actuator driving device 300, a steering assist actuator 801, and the like.
- a steering torque sensor 94 is provided in the middle of the steering shaft 92 and detects the steering torque of the driver.
- Actuator driving device 300 supplies power to steering assist actuator 801 so as to output a desired steering assist force calculated based on steering torque and the like.
- a steering assist force output by the steering assist actuator 801 is transmitted to the rack 97 via the reduction gear 89 .
- the main power source 10 and the backup power source device 200 are connected to the actuator driving device 300 .
- thick solid lines indicate power power lines
- thin solid lines indicate control power lines.
- power supply means power supply via a power supply line unless otherwise specified.
- the main power supply 10 is normal, the DC power of the main power supply 10 is supplied to the actuator drive device 300 via the backup power supply device 200 .
- the power supply configuration when the main power supply 10 fails will be described later with reference to FIG.
- Fig. 2 shows the overall configuration of the SBW system 902 in which the steering mechanism and the steering mechanism are mechanically separated.
- SBW system 902 steering shaft 92 and rack 97 are separate.
- a reaction force actuator 802 is provided on the steering shaft 92 side to output a reaction force to steering by the driver.
- the reaction force output by reaction force actuator 802 is transmitted to steering shaft 92 via reduction gear 79 .
- a steering actuator 803 is provided on the rack 97 side to steer the tires 99 by linearly moving the rack 97 .
- the steering force output by the steering actuator 803 is transmitted to the tire 99 via the reduction gear 89 .
- the actuator drive device 300 of the SBW system 902 includes a reaction force actuator drive device 302 that supplies power to the reaction force actuator 802 and a steering actuator drive device 303 that supplies power to the steering actuator 803 .
- the reaction force actuator drive device 302 and the steering actuator drive device 303 communicate with each other to operate the reaction force actuator 802 and the steering actuator 803 in cooperation.
- the actuator driving device 300 is connected to the main power source 10 and the backup power source device 200, which are "DC power sources.”
- DC power supplied from the main power supply 10 and the backup power supply device 200 is distributed to the reaction force actuator drive device 302 and the steering actuator drive device 303 .
- two backup power supply devices 200 may be separately provided for the reaction force actuator drive device 302 and the steering actuator drive device 303 .
- a three-phase brushless motor is typically used for each of the steering assist actuator 801 of the EPS system 901 and the reaction force actuator 802 and steering actuator 803 of the SBW system 902 . If the "actuator" is replaced with a “motor”, the steering assist motor 801 outputs steering assist torque, the reaction force motor 802 outputs reaction force torque, and the steering motor 803 outputs steering torque. Since this specification does not refer to motor-specific configuration or control, it is basically referred to as an "actuator.”
- the backup power supply device 200 includes a backup power supply 20 , diodes 21 and 22 and a power changeover switch 25 .
- the main power supply 10 is a DC power supply with a relatively large capacity.
- the backup power supply 20 is a DC power supply with a relatively small capacity, and is an emergency sub-battery used when the main power supply 10 fails.
- "power supply” basically means a DC power supply.
- the main power supply 10 and the backup power supply 20 are connected in parallel to the junction 23 of the IG lines that supply control power to the microcomputer 41 of the control unit 40 .
- Diodes 21 and 22 are provided between the main power supply 10 and the junction 23 and between the backup power supply 20 and the junction 23, respectively, to prevent reverse current flow from the junction 23 to the power supplies 10 and 20. ing. Since only a low current flows through the IG line, power can be supplied from the backup power supply 20 without switching paths even when the main power supply 10 fails.
- the power switch 25 is provided on the power supply line (so-called PIG line) and consists of a first switch 251 connected to the main power supply 10 and a second switch 252 connected to the backup power supply 20 . Either one of the first switch 251 and the second switch 252 is turned on, or both are turned off. In order to prevent current from flowing from the main power supply 10 to the backup power supply 20 side and causing a short circuit, both switches 251 and 252 are operated so as not to be turned on at the same time.
- PIG line power supply line
- the first switch 251 is turned on and the second switch 252 is turned off.
- the second switch 252 is turned on and the backup power supply 20 is used. Therefore, there is a time lag associated with the switching of the power supply.
- the actuator drive device 300 converts the power of the main power supply 10 or the backup power supply 20, which is a "DC power supply", by the inverter 50 and supplies it to the actuator 80.
- the "actuator 80" to be driven encompasses the actuators 801, 802 and 803 shown in FIGS.
- the actuator drive device 300 includes an inverter 50 , a power relay 31 , an input voltage detector 34 , an inverter relay 35 , an actuator relay 38 and a controller 40 .
- a voltage is applied to the inverter 50 from the main power supply 10 or the backup power supply 20, which is a "DC power supply", via a power supply line (so-called PIG line).
- PIG line power supply line
- the power supply line is indicated by a thick solid line.
- the inverter 50 is composed of a plurality of bridge-connected three-phase upper and lower arm switching elements 51 to 56 , converts the input DC power into AC power, and supplies the AC power to the actuator 80 .
- the switching elements 51, 52 and 53 are U-phase, V-phase and W-phase upper arm elements, respectively
- the switching elements 54, 55 and 56 are U-phase, V-phase and W-phase lower arm elements respectively.
- MOSFETs are used as the switching elements 51-56. Illustration of a smoothing capacitor provided at the input portion of the inverter 50 is omitted.
- a shunt resistor for detecting each phase current may be provided, for example, between the lower arm elements 54, 55, 56 and the ground.
- the power relay 31 is provided in the middle of the power supply line, that is, between the power supplies 10 and 20 and the inverter 50, and cuts off the current from the power supplies 10 and 20 to the inverter 50 when turned off.
- the power relay 31 is composed of a MOSFET as in the example of FIG. 3, even if the power relay 31 is off, a current may flow from the inverter 50 side to the power supplies 10 and 20 through the parasitic diode.
- the input voltage detector 34 is provided between the power relay 31 and the inverter 50, and detects the inverter input voltage Vinv applied to the inverter 50 via the power supply line.
- the inverter input voltage Vinv detected here serves as judgment information for performing power failure recovery processing, which will be described later.
- Voltage recovery in the following description means that the inverter input voltage Vinv, which has once dropped, recovers to its normal value.
- the inverter relay 35 and the actuator relay 38 are optional components in this embodiment. Although it is preferable that at least one of them is provided within the scope of the functions of this embodiment, it is not essential as a minimum configuration.
- the inverter relay 35 is provided between the power supply relay 31 and the inverter 50 in the power supply line, and cuts off the current from the inverter 50 side to the power supplies 10 and 20 when the power supply is off. Even if the back electromotive voltage of the actuator 80 is input via the inverter 50 in a state where the voltage on the power supply 10, 20 side is lowered, regenerative current is prevented from flowing to the power supply 10, 20 side.
- the power supply relay 31 and the inverter 50 are used as a "reverse connection protection relay” for preventing a reverse current from flowing through the circuit when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are connected in reverse.
- a reverse connection protection relay for preventing a reverse current from flowing through the circuit when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are connected in reverse.
- this relay is referred to as an "inverter relay” instead of the "reverse connection protection relay" which has no purpose.
- the actuator relay 38 is provided between the inverter 50 and the actuator 80, and cuts off current from the actuator 80 side to the inverter 50 side when turned off.
- the three motor relays provided in each phase current path of the three-phase motor are collectively referred to as "actuator relays 38".
- By turning off the actuator relay 38 reverse input of the back electromotive force generated by the actuator 80 to the inverter 50 is prevented. If an actuator relay 38 were provided and turned off at the appropriate time, the above function of the inverter relay 35 would not be necessary. However, both inverter relay 35 and actuator relay 38 may be provided as a redundant fail-safe configuration.
- the control unit 40 controls the operation of the inverter 50 by operating the switching elements 51 to 56 of the inverter 50 .
- control when the DC power supply is normal is referred to as "normal control”.
- Normal control includes both control when main power supply 10 is normal and control after completion of switching to backup power supply 20 .
- the actuator 80 is a three-phase brushless motor
- the control unit 40 performs current feedback control by vector control based on the phase current detection value and the motor rotation angle detection value, and generates a drive signal for the inverter 50 . Since this point is a well-known motor control technique, the explanation is omitted.
- control unit 40 detects "failure and recovery of the DC power supply” based on the decrease and recovery of the inverter input voltage Vinv obtained from the input voltage detector 34 .
- "failure of the DC power supply” means failure of the main power supply 10
- "recovery of the DC power supply” means that connection switching to the backup power supply 20 is completed and the power relay 31 is turned on.
- the control unit 40 operates the power supply relay 31, the inverter relay 35, and the actuator relay 38 to perform on/off control. Inputs and outputs related to the functions of these control units 40 are indicated by solid line arrows.
- control unit 40 detects the current Ibt flowing in the power line as indicated by the dashed arrow, and turns off the power relay 31 to protect the circuit when the current Ibt exceeds a predetermined overcurrent threshold.
- this overcurrent monitoring itself is not the main function of this embodiment, it is related to the background of the problem. That is, in the configuration of this embodiment, when the main power supply 10 fails, an overcurrent abnormality in the power supply line is detected, and the power supply relay 31 is turned off as a safety measure. Therefore, after switching the connection of the power switch 25 from the main power supply 10 to the backup power supply 20 in the backup power supply device 200, it is necessary to turn on the power supply relay 31 at an appropriate timing. The technical significance of running occurs.
- the control unit 40 of this embodiment includes a microcomputer 41 and a custom IC 42.
- the control unit 40 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an I/O (not shown), and a bus line connecting these components, and performs software processing by executing a pre-stored program on the CPU, and a dedicated electronic Control is performed by hardware processing by the circuit.
- the microcomputer 41 mainly performs control calculations for inverter drive signals in normal control.
- the microcomputer 41 also communicates with other devices in the vehicle via the in-vehicle network.
- the control power supply for the microcomputer 41 is input from the main power supply 10 or the backup power supply 20 via the IG line provided with the diodes 21 and 22 for preventing backflow.
- the custom IC 42 acquires the inverter input voltage Vinv, detects failure and restoration of the main power supply 10, and operates the power relay 31 and the like based on the detection result and overcurrent abnormality monitoring.
- the power failure restoration process unique to this embodiment is mainly executed by the custom IC 42 .
- the control unit 40 executes a "power failure recovery process" for determining whether to resume normal control.
- power failure restoration processing executed by the control unit 40 when the main power supply 10 fails and the DC power supply connected to the power supply line is switched from the main power supply 10 to the backup power supply 20 will be described.
- the power failure recovery process may be applied when the main power supply 10 temporarily fails and then recovers after a while.
- the vertical axis of the figure shows five items: "main power supply state”, “backup power supply state”, “power relay”, “inverter input voltage Vinv”, and “actuator control”.
- “supply state of the main power supply” and the “supply state of the backup power supply” the state in which the power is supplied to the actuator driving device 300 is valid, and the state in which the power is not supplied is invalid. It does not indicate the detected voltage at a specific location.
- the main power supply 10 fails, the "supply status of main power supply” changes from valid to invalid.
- the connection switching to the backup power supply 20 is completed, the "backup power supply status” changes from invalid to valid.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 show t0 at the time of power failure, t1 at the first turn-off, t2 at the first turn-on, and t3 at the second turn-off.
- t2 and t3, which do not occur in Case 1 and t3, which does not occur in Case 2 are indicated in parentheses, and the corresponding vertical lines are indicated by dashed lines.
- the main power supply 10 fails at power failure time t0, the "supply state of the main power supply" becomes invalid, and the inverter input voltage Vinv drops to zero. Also, the normal control by the main power supply 10 ends, and the abnormality detection control starts.
- the period from the power failure time t0 to the first turn-off time t1 is defined as "waiting period Twt”.
- a period from the first turn-off time t1 to the first turn-on time t2 is defined as “first power supply relay-off period Toff_1”.
- a period from the first turn-on time t2 to the second turn-off time t3 is defined as "first power relay-on period Ton_1".
- the standby period Twt and the power relay ON period Ton_1 are set to have the same length. Thereby, the functions of the custom IC 42 can be used effectively.
- the control unit 40 turns off the power relay 31 at the first turn-off time t1 when the standby period Twt elapses.
- the control unit 40 turns on the power relay 31 again.
- the voltage is restored at t2 at the time of the first turn-on.
- the control unit 40 resumes the normal control of the backup power supply 20 at the same time as the voltage recovery.
- the control unit 40 turns off the power relay 31 at the second turn-off time t3 when the first power relay-on period Ton_1 elapses. is turned off for the second time.
- the control unit 40 turns off the power relay 31 for the second time and stops driving the actuator 80 . In this way, the abnormality detection control ends at the second turn-off time t3, and the stop control starts.
- the control unit 40 limits the output of the actuator 80 to a predetermined output limit value Plim or less during the period from the time t0 when the power supply fails to the time when the inverter input voltage Vinv recovers.
- the controller 40 may set the output of the actuator 80 to zero.
- the timing for lowering the output limit value is not limited to completing the limit before the first turn-off time t1, as indicated by the solid line.
- the limitation may be completed before the first turn-on time t2.
- the control unit 40 releases the output limitation of the actuator 80 . This suppresses the sudden generation of the output of the actuator 80 when the normal control is resumed.
- the control unit 40 changes the output limit value, the change should be gradual, avoiding sudden changes.
- the control unit 40 limits the output of the actuator 80 compared to normal control with the main power supply 10 . Since the backup power supply 20 has a smaller capacity than the main power supply 10, it is possible to extend the continuation time of control by limiting the output.
- the actuator 80 output limit value may be set according to the amount of charge in the backup power supply 20 .
- S1 the main power supply 10 fails at time t0, and the control unit 40 shifts from normal control to abnormality detection control.
- the control unit 40 stops driving the inverter 50 and turns off at least one of the inverter relay 35 and the actuator relay 38 .
- “Stop driving the inverter 50” means to turn off all phase upper and lower arm elements 51-56. This state continues until it is determined in S3 that the voltage has recovered.
- control unit 40 cancels the driving stop of the inverter 50 and turns on the inverter relay 35 and the actuator relay 38 . Note that the power relay 31 has already been turned on when it is determined that the voltage has been restored.
- control unit 40 terminates the control during abnormality detection and resumes the normal control.
- control unit 40 prevents the voltage generated by the inverter 50 from being applied to the power supplies 10 and 20 by stopping the driving of the inverter 50 from the time t0 when the power fails until the voltage is restored.
- the control unit 40 also turns off at least one of the inverter relay 35 and the actuator relay 38 to prevent regenerative current from flowing from the inverter 50 side to the power sources 10 and 20 due to reverse input from the actuator 80 side.
- the control unit 40 of the first embodiment alternately repeats the period in which the power supply relay 31 is turned on and the period in which it is turned off after the failure of the main power supply 10, thereby quickly restoring the inverter input voltage Vinv. It is possible to achieve both the resumption of normal control and the implementation of safety measures. On the other hand, when the power relay-off period Toff_1 and the power relay-on period Ton_1 have passed once without the voltage being restored, the control unit 40 stops driving the actuator 80, thereby avoiding unnecessary processing when the possibility of restoration cannot be expected. Avoid continuations. Thus, in this embodiment, it is possible to appropriately determine whether to resume normal control after a power failure.
- the power failure recovery process of this embodiment is performed in a system including the main power supply 10 and the backup power supply 20 , when the main power supply 10 fails and the DC power supply connected to the power supply line is switched from the main power supply 10 to the backup power supply 20 . Executed when switching. As a result, the normal control after switching from the main power supply 10 to the backup power supply 20 is efficiently and safely resumed. It is particularly suitable for EPS systems and SBW systems that require high reliability.
- FIG. 11 shows control according to Case 3 (FIG. 7) of the first embodiment as a representative.
- the control unit 40 intermittently turns on and off the power relay 31 instead of always turning it on during the standby period Twt and the power relay-on period Ton_1 from the power failure time t0 to the restoration of the inverter input voltage Vinv.
- the duty ratio of the intermittent operation may be a fixed value, or may be variably set according to the current detection value or the like.
- FIG. 12 shows control according to Case 4 (FIG. 8) of the first embodiment as a representative.
- the operation up to the second turn-off time t3 is the same as in the first embodiment, but the timing of stopping the drive of the actuator 80, in other words, the timing of shifting from the control during abnormality detection to the stop control is different. different.
- the "backup power supply state" continues to be in an invalid state from the time t0 when the power fails until the final transition to stop control.
- the control unit 40 turns off the power relay 31 and shifts to the second power relay-off period Toff_2.
- the control unit 40 turns on the power relay 31 and shifts to the second power-relay on period Ton_2.
- the power relay-off period and the power relay-on period Ton are repeated N times (N ⁇ 2).
- the controller 40 turns off the power relay 31 at t(2N ⁇ 1) at the N-th turn-off time, and shifts to the N-th power relay-off period Toff_N.
- the control unit 40 turns on the power relay 31, and transitions to the N-th power relay-on period Ton_N.
- the control unit 40 turns off the power relay 31 for the (N+1)th time and stops driving the actuator 80. That is, when the power relay-off period and the power relay-on period, which are repeated two or more times, have passed without voltage recovery, the control unit 40 turns off the power relay 31 for the (N+1)th time and turns off the actuator 80. Stop driving.
- the chance of resuming normal control can be secured for as long as possible before finally shifting to stop control.
- the total time until transition to stop control is set to be the same as in the first embodiment, by repeating the power relay OFF period and the power relay ON period many times in a short cycle, from the switching completion timing in Case 2 to the resumption of normal control time lag can be shortened.
- the actuator 80 driven by the actuator driving device 300 may be an electric linear actuator or the like that outputs a linear force, other than a motor that outputs torque by rotation.
- the "inverter” may be construed to include an H-bridge circuit that converts the direction of the input DC power, and the actuator may include a DC actuator such as a DC motor.
- One or both of the inverter relay 35 and the actuator relay 38 may not be provided. In that case, non-existing relay OFF items are excluded from the processing in the control during abnormality detection in FIG. 10 .
- Fig. 3 shows semiconductor switching elements as the power supply relay 31, the inverter relay 35, and the actuator relay 38, but this is not the only option, and each relay may be a mechanical relay.
- the power failure restoration process is not limited to switching to the backup power supply 20 when the main power supply 10 fails, but may be executed when the power supply temporarily fails and then returns after a while. .
- the present disclosure is applicable not only to systems with main power supply 10 and backup power supply 20, but also to systems with only one DC power supply. In this case, when normal control is resumed and the actuator output restriction is lifted, the actuator output may be set to the same level as before the power failure.
- the present disclosure is not limited to EPS and SBW steering systems, and may be applied to any actuator drive system that converts power from a DC power supply with an inverter and supplies the power to an actuator.
- the controller and techniques described in this disclosure may be implemented by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions embodied by the computer program.
- the controls and techniques described in this disclosure may be implemented by a dedicated computer provided by configuring the processor with one or more dedicated hardware logic circuits.
- the control units and techniques described in this disclosure can be implemented by a combination of a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions and a processor configured by one or more hardware logic circuits. It may also be implemented by one or more dedicated computers configured.
- the computer program may also be stored as computer-executable instructions on a computer-readable non-transitional tangible recording medium.
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Abstract
Description
図1、図2を参照し、ステアリングシステムとして、電動パワーステアリングシステム(以下「EPSシステム」)及びステアバイワイヤシステム(以下「SBWシステム」)の概略構成について説明する。図1、図2では片側のみのタイヤ99を図示し、反対側のタイヤの図示を省略する。また、スペースの都合上、一部の箇所で「アクチュエータ」を「Act」と省略して記載する。図1、図2で実質的に同一の構成には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
次に図3、図4を参照し、主電源10、バックアップ電源装置200及びアクチュエータ駆動装置300を含むシステムの電力供給構成について説明する。バックアップ電源装置200は、バックアップ電源20、ダイオード21、22及び電源切替スイッチ25を含む。主電源10は、相対的に容量の大きい直流電源である。バックアップ電源20は、相対的に容量の小さい直流電源であり、主電源10の失陥時に用いられる非常用サブバッテリである。本実施形態では、「電源」とは基本的に直流電源を意味する。
制御部40は、主電源10が失陥したとき、通常制御の再開を判定する「電源失陥復帰処理」を実行する。本実施形態では、主電源10が失陥し、電源ラインに接続される直流電源が主電源10からバックアップ電源20に切り替わるときに制御部40が実行する電源失陥復帰処理について説明する。なお、「その他の実施形態」の欄に記載するように、主電源10が一時的に失陥した後、暫くしてから復帰する場合に電源失陥復帰処理が適用されてもよい。
図5~図8のタイムチャートを参照し、第1実施形態の電源失陥復帰処理について、インバータ入力電圧Vinvの復帰タイミングによりCase1~Case4に場合分けして説明する。以下、「インバータ入力電圧Vinvの復帰」を適宜省略して「電圧復帰」という。
図11を参照し、第2実施形態の電源失陥復帰処理について説明する。図11には、第1実施形態のCase3(図7)に準ずる制御を代表として示す。制御部40は、電源失陥時t0からインバータ入力電圧Vinvの復帰時までの待機期間Twt及び電源リレーオン期間Ton_1において、電源リレー31を常時オンするのでなく、間欠的にオンオフする。
図12を参照し、第3実施形態の電源失陥復帰処理について説明する。図12には、第1実施形態のCase4(図8)に準ずる制御を代表として示す。第3実施形態は第1実施形態に対し、2回目のターンオフ時t3までの動作は同じであるが、アクチュエータ80の駆動を停止するタイミング、言い換えれば異常検出中制御から停止制御に移行するタイミングが異なる。
(a)アクチュエータ駆動装置300により駆動されるアクチュエータ80は、回転によりトルクを出力するモータ以外に、直進力を出力する電動リニアアクチュエータ等であってもよい。また、「インバータ」は、入力された直流電力の電流方向を変換するHブリッジ回路を含むものと解釈し、アクチュエータにはDCモータ等のDCアクチュエータが含まれてもよい。
Claims (9)
- 直流電源の電力をインバータ(50)により変換してアクチュエータ(80)に供給するアクチュエータ駆動装置であって、
前記直流電源から電源ラインを経由して電圧が印加されるインバータと、
前記電源ラインの途中に設けられ、オフ時に前記直流電源側から前記インバータ側への電流を遮断する電源リレー(31)と、
前記インバータに印加されるインバータ入力電圧(Vinv)を検出する入力電圧検出器(34)と、
前記インバータの動作を制御し、前記インバータ入力電圧の低下及び復帰に基づき前記直流電源の失陥及び復帰を検知し、且つ、前記電源リレーを操作する制御部(40)と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、前記直流電源が失陥したとき、前記直流電源の正常時における制御である通常制御の再開を判定する電源失陥復帰処理を実行するものであり、前記電源失陥復帰処理において、
前記直流電源が失陥した電源失陥時(t0)から待機期間(Twt)が経過するまでに前記インバータ入力電圧が復帰した場合、前記通常制御を再開し、
前記インバータ入力電圧が復帰しないまま前記待機期間が経過した時である1回目のターンオフ時(t1)、前記電源リレーをオフし、
前記ターンオフ時から電源リレーオフ期間(Toff)が経過した時であるターンオン時(t2)、前記電源リレーを再オンし、前記ターンオン時に前記インバータ入力電圧が復帰した場合、前記通常制御を再開し、
前記ターンオン時から電源リレーオン期間(Ton)が経過するまでに前記インバータ入力電圧が復帰した場合、前記通常制御を再開し、
前記インバータ入力電圧が復帰しないまま前記電源リレーオン期間が経過した時である2回目のターンオフ時(t3)、前記電源リレーを2回目にオフし、
1回の前記電源リレーオフ期間と1回の前記電源リレーオン期間とが前記インバータ入力電圧が復帰しないまま経過した時、前記電源リレーを2回目にオフするとともに前記アクチュエータの駆動を停止するか、又は、
2回以上繰り返されるN回の前記電源リレーオフ期間とN回の前記電源リレーオン期間とが前記インバータ入力電圧が復帰しないまま経過した時、前記電源リレーを(N+1)回目にオフするとともに前記アクチュエータの駆動を停止するアクチュエータ駆動装置。 - 相対的に容量の大きい直流電源である主電源(10)と、相対的に容量の小さい直流電源であり前記主電源の失陥時に用いられるバックアップ電源(20)とを備えるシステムにおいて、
前記主電源が失陥し、前記電源ラインに接続される前記直流電源が前記主電源から前記バックアップ電源に切り替わるとき、前記制御部は前記電源失陥復帰処理を実行する請求項1に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記バックアップ電源で前記通常制御を再開する場合、前記主電源での前記通常制御に比べ前記アクチュエータの出力を制限する請求項2に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記電源失陥時から前記インバータ入力電圧の復帰時までの間に前記アクチュエータの出力を所定の出力制限値以下に制限し、前記インバータ入力電圧の復帰後、前記アクチュエータの出力制限を解除する請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記電源失陥時から前記インバータ入力電圧の復帰時までの前記待機期間及び前記電源リレーオン期間において、前記電源リレーを間欠的にオンオフする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置。
- 前記待機期間と前記電源リレーオン期間とは同等の長さに設定されている請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記電源失陥時から前記インバータ入力電圧の復帰時まで、前記インバータの駆動を停止する請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置。
- 前記電源ラインにおける前記電源リレーと前記インバータとの間に設けられ、オフ時に前記インバータ側から前記直流電源側への電流を遮断するインバータリレー(35)、又は、前記インバータと前記アクチュエータとの間に設けられ、オフ時に前記アクチュエータ側から前記インバータ側への電流を遮断するアクチュエータリレー(38)、のうち少なくとも一方をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、前記電源失陥時から前記インバータ入力電圧の復帰時まで、前記インバータリレー又は前記アクチュエータリレーをオフする請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置。 - 操舵アシスト力を出力する操舵アシストアクチュエータ(801)、ドライバの操舵に対する反力を出力する反力アクチュエータ(802)、又は、タイヤを転舵させる転舵力を出力する転舵アクチュエータ(803)と、
前記アクチュエータとして、前記操舵アシストアクチュエータ、前記反力アクチュエータ又は前記転舵アクチュエータのうち少なくとも一つを駆動する請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のアクチュエータ駆動装置(300)と、
を備えるステアリングシステム。
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JP2010148274A (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Nsk Ltd | モータ制御装置および電動パワーステアリング装置 |
JP2021052560A (ja) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-01 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 電源装置 |
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JP2010148274A (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Nsk Ltd | モータ制御装置および電動パワーステアリング装置 |
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