WO2022244229A1 - 多波長レーザ装置 - Google Patents
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- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
- H01S5/141—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
- H01S5/142—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon which comprises an additional resonator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on thermo-optic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/212—Mach-Zehnder type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
- G02F1/225—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference in an optical waveguide structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
- H01S5/0683—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring the optical output parameters
- H01S5/0687—Stabilising the frequency of the laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/50—Amplifier structures not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a multi-wavelength laser device.
- Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology bundles multiple optical signals with different wavelengths into a single optical fiber.
- the signal is transmitted over a single optical fiber.
- Patent Document 1 describes an external cavity type multi-wavelength laser device.
- the multi-wavelength laser device is composed of a semiconductor gain chip and two mirrors arranged to sandwich the semiconductor gain chip, and has an external resonator that amplifies light by confining light between the two mirrors. ing.
- the external cavity has a periodic wavelength filter that extracts multi-wavelength light having periodic peak wavelengths from the confined light, and a wavelength spectral filter that outputs multiple optical signals by dividing the multi-wavelength light by wavelength. is installed.
- a directional coupler for extracting the multi-wavelength light from the waveguide in the external resonator is sometimes used in order to extract the amplified multi-wavelength light from the external resonator.
- the directional coupler has wavelength dependence, there is a problem that the output of each peak wavelength in the multi-wavelength light extracted by the directional coupler differs depending on the wavelength.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a technique capable of extracting multi-wavelength light with constant output of each peak wavelength from an external resonator.
- a multi-wavelength laser device is a multi-wavelength laser device having an external resonator for amplifying light and a first output waveguide for outputting the light amplified by the external resonator, comprising a semiconductor gain chip and , a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, a second output port, and respectively a first input port and a second input port and a first output port and a second a first waveguide and a second waveguide optically connecting to the output port, the first input port optically connecting to the semiconductor gain chip, the second input port a first Mach-Zehnder switch optically connected to one output waveguide, optically connected to the first output port and the second output port of the first Mach-Zehnder switch, and from the first Mach-Zehnder switch a periodic wavelength mirror that partially reflects the input light to output multi-wavelength light having periodic peak wavelengths to the first Mach-Zehnder switch; is installed on the opposite side to form an external reson
- multi-wavelength light with constant output of each peak wavelength can be extracted from the external resonator.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another multi-wavelength laser device having a configuration different from that of the multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 4 shows series transmission characteristics of a Si wire waveguide ring resonator and a loop mirror in another multi-wavelength laser device shown in FIG. 4 shows transmission characteristics of multi-wavelength light from the first input port to the second input port of the Mach-Zehnder switch and the ring resonator type periodic wavelength mirror of the multi-wavelength laser device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a multi-wavelength laser device according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a multi-wavelength laser device according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a multi-wavelength laser device according to Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 100 includes a reflector 1, a gain section 2, a phase controller 3, a Mach-Zehnder switch 4 (first Mach-Zehnder switch), a periodic wavelength mirror 5, and an output waveguide. 6.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 100 has an external resonator for amplifying light and an output waveguide 6 (first output waveguide) for outputting the light amplified by the external resonator.
- the external resonator is composed of a reflector 1 , a gain 2 and a periodic wavelength mirror 5 .
- the multi-wavelength laser device 100 is an external resonator-type multi-wavelength laser device that has a periodic wavelength mirror 5 in an external resonator and can oscillate at multiple wavelengths simultaneously.
- a multi-wavelength laser that simultaneously oscillates signal lights of N wavelengths ( ⁇ 1 to ⁇ N ) is shown as an example (N is a positive integer of 2 or more).
- a gain section 2 is arranged between the reflection section 1 and the periodic wavelength mirror 5 in the multi-wavelength laser device 100 .
- a phase control section 3 and a Mach-Zehnder switch 4 are arranged in series between the gain section 2 and the periodic wavelength mirror 5 in the multi-wavelength laser device 100 .
- Gain section 2 is a semiconductor gain chip. More specifically, the gain section 2 is for example a quantum dot gain chip comprising a quantum dot gain medium.
- the reflection section 1 is installed on the side opposite to the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 side with respect to the gain section 2 , thereby forming an external resonator together with the gain section 2 and the periodic wavelength mirror 5 .
- Reflecting section 1 reflects light that has passed through gain section 2 toward gain section 2 .
- the reflection section 1 may be a cleaved end face of the quantum dot gain chip.
- a facet coated with a high reflection film is preferable for the gain section 2 .
- the gain section 2 may be a waveguide element such as a loop mirror or a DBR mirror.
- the phase control section 3 is installed between the gain section 2 and the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 .
- the phase control unit 3 controls the phase of the passing multi-wavelength light. More specifically, the phase control unit 3 is an element that gives a phase change to the optical waveguide by a thermo-optical effect or the like.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 100 does not have to include the phase control unit 3, the multi-wavelength laser device 100 includes the phase control unit 3 because it is expected to improve the stability of the oscillation wavelength of the external cavity laser. It is preferable to have
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 has a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, a second output port, and respectively the first input port, the second input port and the first output port. and a first waveguide and a second waveguide optically connecting to the second output port. That is, the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 is a Mach-Zehnder type switch having 2 ⁇ 2 input/output ports.
- a first input port of the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 is optically connected to the gain section 2 . More specifically, in Embodiment 1, the first input port of Mach-Zehnder switch 4 is optically connected to gain section 2 via phase control section 3 . A second input port of Mach-Zehnder switch 4 is optically connected to output waveguide 6 .
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is optically connected to the first output port and the second output port of the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 .
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 outputs multi-wavelength light having periodic peak wavelengths to the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 by partially reflecting the light input from the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 .
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is an element that reflects only light with periodic peak wavelengths.
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is composed of a 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler and a ring resonator.
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 may be composed of a 2 ⁇ 2 optical coupler and a ring resonator.
- the two waveguides branched by the 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler are installed so as to be close to the ring resonator.
- the FSR (free spectral range) of the ring resonator of the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is designed to match the wavelength spacing of the desired WDM communication standard.
- a heater or the like is installed on the waveguide of the ring resonator in the periodic wavelength mirror 5 .
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is configured to be able to adjust the wavelength intervals of the periodic peak wavelengths of the reflected multi-wavelength light. ing.
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 changes the phase difference between the multi-wavelength light passing through the first waveguide and the multi-wavelength light passing through the second waveguide, thereby allowing The output branching ratio between the multi-wavelength light output to the gain section 2 and the multi-wavelength light output from the second input port to the output waveguide 6 can be adjusted.
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 provides a phase difference between the first waveguide and the second waveguide by the thermo-optical effect or the like, so that the output is guided at an arbitrary branch ratio. It is possible to control the output split ratio to wave path 6 .
- optical coupling can be achieved at a desired branching ratio by applying a simple directional coupler.
- the output of each peak wavelength in the multi-wavelength light extracted by the coupler will differ depending on the wavelength.
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 even if a directional coupler having wavelength dependence is applied to the input/output part, the multi-wavelength light output from the second input port to the output waveguide 6 does not have wavelength dependence. is reduced.
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 By adjusting the output branching ratio of the Mach-Zehnder switch 4, the internal loss of the external resonator can be varied.
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 is preferably designed so that the output branching ratio becomes a desired value when no power is applied. .
- the multi-wavelength laser device 100 When a current is applied to the gain section 2, light of a wavelength corresponding to the FSR of the ring resonator of the periodic wavelength mirror 5 resonates between the periodic wavelength mirror 5 and the reflection section 1, thereby increasing the gain exceeding the internal loss. is output from the second input port of the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 to the output waveguide 6 .
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 transmits light other than light with wavelengths at regular intervals ⁇ , multi-wavelength light having periodic peak wavelengths at regular intervals ⁇ can resonate and oscillate simultaneously.
- the output branching ratio of the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 by adjusting the output branching ratio of the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 by the method described above while monitoring the multi-wavelength light from the output waveguide 6, the internal loss of the external resonator at a desired applied current is minimized, and the output You can maximize your power.
- the above-described wavelength dependence can be reduced, so that variations in the output power of the multi-wavelength laser output for each wavelength can be suppressed.
- FIG. 3 shows another multi-wavelength laser device having a configuration different from that of the multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 Another multi-wavelength laser device shown in FIG. 3 has a configuration in which a gain section and a periodic wavelength filter are installed between two reflection sections. Of the two reflectors in FIG. 3, the right reflector reflects part of the power of the light that has passed through the periodic wavelength filter, while transmitting the remaining power. Therefore, the waveguide opposite to the waveguide connected to the periodic wavelength filter in the reflecting portion functions as an output waveguide.
- the directional coupler of the loop mirror has wavelength dependence.
- the output of each peak wavelength in wavelength light varies for each wavelength.
- FIG. 3 shows a ring resonator of a Si wire waveguide as a periodic wavelength filter of another multi-wavelength laser device shown in FIG. 3, and a loop mirror is used as a reflecting portion on the right side in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows series transmission characteristics of a Si wire waveguide ring resonator and a loop mirror in another multi-wavelength laser device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows series transmission characteristics of a Si wire waveguide ring resonator and a loop mirror in another multi-wavelength laser device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows the flow from the first input port of the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 to the second input port in the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 and the ring resonator type periodic wavelength mirror 5 of the multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to the first embodiment. shows the transmission characteristics of multi-wavelength light.
- the configuration of the ring resonator is the same, and the transmission characteristics are calculated by simulation under the condition that the transmittance of the loop mirror and the branching ratio of the Mach-Zehnder switch are both 50%.
- the vertical axis indicates transmittance (dB) and the horizontal axis indicates wavelength (nm).
- the transmittance increases toward the longer wavelength side due to the wavelength dependence of the loop mirror.
- the graphs shown in FIG. 5 it can be seen that relatively flat transmission characteristics are obtained.
- multi-wavelength light with constant output of each peak wavelength can be extracted from the external resonator.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 100 has an external resonator for amplifying light and an output waveguide 6 for outputting the light amplified by the external resonator.
- a gain section 2 which is a semiconductor gain chip, a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, a second output port, and a first input port and a second a first waveguide and a second waveguide for optically connecting between the input port of the gain section 2 and the first output port and the second output port, the first input port being the gain section 2 a Mach-Zehnder switch 4 optically connected to the second input port optically connected to the output waveguide 6;
- a periodic wavelength mirror 5 for outputting multi-wavelength light having periodic peak wavelengths to the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 by partially reflecting the light input from the Mach-Zehnder switch 4, and the Mach-Zehnder gain section 2 as a reference.
- the reflection section 1 forms an external resonator together with the gain section 2 and the periodic wavelength mirror 5 , and reflects the light that has passed through the gain section 2 toward the gain section 2 .
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 changes the phase difference between the multi-wavelength light passing through the first waveguide and the multi-wavelength light passing through the second waveguide, so that the gain section from the first input port 2 and the multi-wavelength light output from the second input port to the output waveguide 6 can be adjusted.
- the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 changes the phase difference between the multi-wavelength light passing through the first waveguide and the multi-wavelength light passing through the second waveguide, so that the gain section from the first input port 2 and the multi-wavelength light output from the second input port to the output waveguide 6 can be adjusted.
- the oscillation characteristics must be within the wavelength grid defined by the standard.
- a conventional multi-wavelength laser device that can simultaneously oscillate multi-wavelength light by installing a periodic wavelength filter in the external cavity of an external cavity quantum dot laser
- the central wavelength of the periodic wavelength filter fluctuates due to manufacturing errors.
- a wavelength spectral filter is installed in series with a periodic wavelength filter in an external resonator, and light that has passed through a monitor port provided in the wavelength spectral filter and light that has passed through a transmission port of the periodic wavelength filter. is used for wavelength tuning.
- the wavelength spectral filter is inserted in the external resonator, the internal loss of the external resonator increases, resulting in a problem of reduced output power.
- multi-wavelength light having a constant output of each peak wavelength is emitted from the external resonator without increasing the internal loss of the external resonator. can be taken out. It is also possible to monitor and adjust each peak wavelength of the extracted multi-wavelength light.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the multi-wavelength laser device 101 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a multi-wavelength laser device 101 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIGS.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 101 includes a second Mach-Zehnder switch 11, an optical coupler 14, a photodetector 15 ( 1st photodetector), a plurality of ring filters 16, and a plurality of photodetectors 17 (a plurality of second photodetectors).
- the first Mach-Zehnder switch 10 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has the same function as the Mach-Zehnder switch 4 described in the first embodiment.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 101 according to the second embodiment is an external cavity type multi-wavelength laser device capable of simultaneous oscillation at multiple wavelengths, which is obtained by adding a wavelength monitoring mechanism to the configuration of the multi-wavelength laser device 100 according to the first embodiment. is.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 101 further has an output waveguide 12 (second output waveguide), a monitor waveguide 13, an output monitor waveguide 18, and a wavelength monitor waveguide 19 as waveguides.
- 6 and 7 show an example of a multi-wavelength laser that simultaneously oscillates N wavelengths of signal light ( ⁇ 1 to ⁇ N ) (N is a positive integer equal to or greater than 2).
- the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 has a first input port, a second input port, a first output port, a second output port, and respectively the first and second input ports and the first and a first waveguide and a second waveguide optically connecting between the output port of and the second output port. That is, the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 is a Mach-Zehnder type switch having 2 ⁇ 2 input/output ports like the first Mach-Zehnder switch 10 .
- a first input port of the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 is optically connected to the first Mach-Zehnder switch 10 via an output waveguide 6 .
- a first output port of the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 is optically connected to the output waveguide 12 .
- a second output port of the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 is optically connected to the monitor waveguide 13 .
- the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 detects the phase difference between the multi-wavelength light passing through the first waveguide of the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 and the multi-wavelength light passing through the second waveguide of the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11.
- the branching ratio is adjustable. That is, the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11, like the first Mach-Zehnder switch 10, provides an arbitrary output by giving a phase difference between the first waveguide and the second waveguide by the thermo-optic effect or the like. It is possible to control the power of the multi-wavelength light output from the output port by the branch ratio.
- the optical coupler 14 has an input port optically connected to the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 via the monitor waveguide 13 , a first output port optically connected to the output monitor waveguide 18 , and a wavelength monitor waveguide 19 . has a second output port in optical communication with the . That is, the optical coupler 14 is a 1 ⁇ 2 optical coupler.
- the optical coupler 14 splits the multi-wavelength light input from the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 and outputs the split light to an output monitor waveguide 18 and a wavelength monitor waveguide 19, respectively.
- Photodetector 15 is optically coupled to optical coupler 14 via output monitor waveguide 18 .
- the photodetector 15 detects multi-wavelength light input from the output monitor waveguide 18 .
- Each of the plurality of ring filters 16 is optically connected to the wavelength monitor waveguide 19 . More specifically, in Embodiment 2, the plurality of ring filters 16 are N ring resonators, and the wavelength monitor waveguide 19 is optically connected to the N ring resonators in series. there is
- a plurality of ring filters 16 each extract light of a predetermined wavelength from the multi-wavelength light input from the wavelength monitor waveguide 19 . More specifically, in Embodiment 2, the plurality of ring filters 16 are a plurality of ring resonators, and each ring resonator extracts light having a wavelength conforming to the WDM communication standard. , where the wavelengths are drop wavelengths ( ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , . . . , ⁇ N ) that are different for each ring resonator.
- the plurality of photodetectors 17 are connected to corresponding ring filters of the plurality of ring filters 16, respectively.
- the plurality of photodetectors 17 respectively detect light extracted by corresponding ring filters of the plurality of ring filters 16 .
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 can adjust the wavelength intervals of the periodic peak wavelengths of the multi-wavelength light output to the first Mach-Zehnder switch 10, as in the first embodiment. More specifically, in Embodiment 2, a heater or the like is installed on the waveguide of the ring resonator in the periodic wavelength mirror 5 . Thus, by changing the refractive index of the waveguide by the thermo-optic effect, the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is configured to be able to adjust the wavelength intervals of the periodic peak wavelengths of the reflected multi-wavelength light. ing.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 101 When a current is applied to the gain section 2, light of a wavelength corresponding to the FSR of the ring resonator of the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is generated by resonance between the periodic wavelength mirror 5 and the reflection section 1, thereby reducing the internal loss.
- the light of the wavelength for which the excess gain is obtained is output from the second input port of the first Mach-Zehnder switch 10 to the output waveguide 6 .
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 transmits light other than light with wavelengths at regular intervals ⁇ , multi-wavelength light having periodic peak wavelengths at regular intervals ⁇ can resonate and oscillate simultaneously.
- the output branching ratio of the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11 is adjusted by the method described above so that the multi-wavelength light passes through the monitor waveguide 13 (bus waveguide).
- the internal loss of the external resonator is reduced to the desired applied current. Adjust the internal loss to achieve the maximum output power at Thereby, the output power of the multi-wavelength laser device 101 can be maximized.
- the above-described wavelength interval in the periodic wavelength mirror 5 is adjusted so that the oscillation wavelength of the multi-wavelength laser device 101 conforms to the WDM standard.
- Each of the plurality of ring filters 16 optically connected to the wavelength monitor waveguide 19 according to the second embodiment is designed to drop light of wavelengths conforming to the WDM standard. Therefore, when the periodic peak wavelengths of the multi-wavelength light output from the multi-wavelength laser device 101, which is an external cavity laser, conform to the WDM standard, the plurality of photodetectors 17 (N in FIG. 7) photodetectors 17) are maximized.
- the periodic wavelength intervals that define the oscillation wavelengths of external cavity multi-wavelength lasers usually have offsets due to manufacturing errors.
- the periodic wavelength mirror 5 by adjusting the refractive index of the ring resonator of the periodic wavelength mirror 5 with a heater so that each monitor current is maximized while monitoring the plurality of photodetectors 17, the periodic wavelength mirror 5 reflects light.
- the offset is adjusted so that the wavelength intervals of the periodic peak wavelengths of the multi-wavelength light conform to the WDM standard.
- the optical output to the monitor waveguide 13 is no longer necessary. Therefore, by adjusting the output branching ratio of the second Mach-Zehnder switch 11, all the power is branched to the output waveguide 12. Adjust so that By the above operation, the multi-wavelength laser device 101 of the external cavity type laser has an oscillation wavelength conforming to the WDM standard, and the output power of the multi-wavelength light output from the multi-wavelength laser device 101 can be maximized.
- Embodiment 3 describes a configuration for adjusting the plurality of ring filters 16 described in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. Embodiment 3 will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that configurations having functions similar to those of the configuration described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the multi-wavelength laser device 102 according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the multi-wavelength laser device 102 includes a photodetector 20 (third photodetector) and a plurality of light sources 21 in addition to the configuration of the multi-wavelength laser device 101 according to Embodiment 2. I have.
- the multi-wavelength laser device 102 according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which the wavelength monitor mechanism of the multi-wavelength laser device 101 according to the second embodiment includes an adjustment mechanism for the ring filter 16, which is a ring resonator for wavelength monitoring. have.
- the ring filter 16 for wavelength monitoring is manufactured according to the design. A configuration for adjusting the case will be described.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a multi-wavelength laser device that simultaneously oscillates signal lights of N wavelengths ( ⁇ 1 to ⁇ N ).
- the plurality of light sources 21 are optically connected to corresponding ring filters of the plurality of ring filters 16, respectively.
- the multiple light sources 21 output light of predetermined wavelengths to the corresponding ring filters.
- each of the plurality of light sources 21 is a tunable laser diode (TLD).
- TLD tunable laser diode
- Each of the plurality of light sources 21 is optically connected to the end of the waveguide opposite to the end connected to the photodetector 17 of the corresponding wavelength monitoring ring filter 16 .
- the connection between the waveguide and the light source 21 may be end face coupling via a fiber, or may be coupling by a grating coupler. It is particularly preferred to arrange the N grating couplers in an array when the connection is coupling by a section rating coupler.
- the photodetector 20 detects light output from each of the plurality of light sources 21 and extracted by the corresponding ring filter among the plurality of ring filters 16 . More specifically, in Embodiment 3, the photodetector 20 is optically connected to the terminal end of the wavelength monitor waveguide 19 in which a plurality of ring filters 16 are arranged in series.
- a plurality of ring filters 16 according to Embodiment 3 are each capable of adjusting the wavelength of light to be extracted. More specifically, in Embodiment 3, heaters and the like are installed on the waveguides of the plurality of ring filters 16 . Thus, by changing the refractive index of the waveguide by the thermo-optic effect, each of the plurality of ring filters 16 is configured to be able to adjust the wavelength of light to be extracted.
- the operation of the multi-wavelength laser device 102 according to the third embodiment will be described below.
- the light source 21 of PD1 in FIG. the light is applied to the ring filter 16 of RR1 in FIG.
- Light applied to the ring filter 16 of RR1 in FIG. the heater value is adjusted so that the monitor current of the photodetector 20 becomes maximum.
- the wavelength desired to be used in the multi-wavelength laser device 102 that is, the light of the wavelength ⁇ 2 adjacent to the shortest wavelength (or the longest wavelength) ⁇ 1 among the wavelengths conforming to the WDM standard is shown in FIG.
- the light source 21 of PD2 is caused to output, and the light is applied to the ring filter 16 of RR2 in FIG.
- Light applied to the ring filter 16 of RR2 in FIG. the heater value is adjusted so that the monitor current of the photodetector 20 becomes maximum.
- Adjusting the wavelength of light extracted by the ring filter 16 for each monitor wavelength (each ring filter 16 from RR1 to RRN) by repeating the same work as the above work from wavelength ⁇ 3 to wavelength ⁇ N . can be done.
- the state of the multi-wavelength laser device 102 is exactly the same as the state of the multi-wavelength laser device 101 according to the second embodiment, so the subsequent operations are also not possible. It can be implemented in the same manner as the second form. It should be noted that it is possible to freely combine each embodiment, modify any component of each embodiment, or omit any component from each embodiment.
- the multi-wavelength laser device can extract multi-wavelength light with a constant output of each peak wavelength from an external resonator, so it can be used for technologies using multi-wavelength light.
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Abstract
Description
本開示は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、外部共振器から、各ピーク波長の出力が一定である多波長光を取り出すことができる技術を提供する。
実施の形態1.
図1は、実施の形態1に係る多波長レーザ装置100の構成を示すブロック図である。図2は、実施の形態1に係る多波長レーザ装置100の構成を示す概略図である。図1及び図2が示すように、多波長レーザ装置100は、反射部1、利得部2、位相制御部3、マッハツェンダスイッチ4(第1のマッハツェンダスイッチ)、周期波長ミラー5、及び出力導波路6を備えている。
利得部2は、半導体利得チップである。より具体的には、利得部2は、例えば、量子ドット利得媒質を備える量子ドット利得チップである。
上記の構成によれば、マッハツェンダスイッチ4の出力分岐比を調整することにより、外部共振器から、各ピーク波長の出力が一定である多波長光を取り出すことができる。
実施の形態2では、多波長光の各ピーク波長の出力をモニタする構成について説明する。
以下で、実施の形態2について図面を参照して説明する。なお、実施の形態1で説明した構成と同様の機能を有する構成については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。図6は、実施の形態2に係る多波長レーザ装置101の構成を示すブロック図である。図7は、実施の形態2に係る多波長レーザ装置101の構成を示す概略図である。図6及び図7が示すように、多波長レーザ装置101は、実施の形態1に係る多波長レーザ装置100の構成に加えて、第2のマッハツェンダスイッチ11、光カプラ14、光検出器15(第1の光検出器)、複数のリングフィルタ16、及び複数の光検出器17(複数の第2の光検出器)をさらに備えている。なお、図6及び図7が示す第1のマッハツェンダスイッチ10は、実施の形態1で説明したマッハツェンダスイッチ4と同じ機能を有する。
光検出器15は、出力モニタ導波路18を介して光カプラ14と光学的に接続している。光検出器15は、出力モニタ導波路18から入力された多波長光を検出する。
実施の形態3では、実施の形態2で説明した複数のリングフィルタ16を調整する構成について説明する。
以下で、実施の形態3について図面を参照して説明する。なお、実施の形態1又は実施の形態2で説明した構成と同様の機能を有する構成については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。図8は、実施の形態3に係る多波長レーザ装置102の構成を示す概略図である。図8が示すように、多波長レーザ装置102は、実施の形態2に係る多波長レーザ装置101の構成に加えて、光検出器20(第3の光検出器)、及び複数の光源21を備えている。
なお、各実施の形態の自由な組み合わせ、あるいは各実施の形態の任意の構成要素の変形、もしくは各実施の形態において任意の構成要素の省略が可能である。
Claims (7)
- 光を増幅させる外部共振器、及び当該外部共振器が増幅させた光を出力する第1の出力導波路を有する多波長レーザ装置であって、
半導体利得チップと、
第1の入力ポート、第2の入力ポート、第1の出力ポート、第2の出力ポート、並びに、それぞれが当該第1の入力ポート及び当該第2の入力ポートと当該第1の出力ポート及び当該第2の出力ポートとの間を光学的に接続する第1の導波路及び第2の導波路、を有し、当該第1の入力ポートが前記半導体利得チップに光学的に接続し、当該第2の入力ポートが前記第1の出力導波路に光学的に接続している第1のマッハツェンダスイッチと、
前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチの第1の出力ポート及び第2の出力ポートと光学的に接続し、前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチから入力された光を部分的に反射することにより、周期的なピーク波長を有する多波長光を前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチに出力する周期波長ミラーと、
前記半導体利得チップを基準として前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチ側とは反対側に設置されることにより、前記半導体利得チップ及び前記周期波長ミラーとともに前記外部共振器を構成し、前記半導体利得チップを通過した光を前記半導体利得チップに向かって反射する反射部と、を備え、
前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチは、前記第1の導波路を通過する多波長光と前記第2の導波路を通過する多波長光との位相差を変化させることにより、前記第1の入力ポートから前記半導体利得チップに出力される多波長光と前記第2の入力ポートから前記第1の出力導波路に出力される多波長光との出力分岐比を調整可能であることを特徴とする、多波長レーザ装置。 - 前記半導体利得チップと前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチとの間に設置され、通過する多波長光の位相を制御する位相制御部をさらに備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の多波長レーザ装置。
- 第2の出力導波路、モニタ導波路、出力モニタ導波路、及び波長モニタ導波路をさらに有し、
第1の入力ポート、第2の入力ポート、第1の出力ポート、第2の出力ポート、並びに、それぞれが当該第1の入力ポート及び当該第2の入力ポートと当該第1の出力ポート及び当該第2の出力ポートとの間を光学的に接続する第1の導波路及び第2の導波路、を有し、当該第1の入力ポートが前記第1の出力導波路を介して前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチと光学的に接続し、当該第1の出力ポートが前記第2の出力導波路に光学的に接続し、当該第2の出力ポートが前記モニタ導波路と光学的に接続している第2のマッハツェンダスイッチと、
前記モニタ導波路を介して前記第2のマッハツェンダスイッチと光学的に接続する入力ポート、前記出力モニタ導波路と光学的に接続する第1の出力ポート、及び前記波長モニタ導波路と光学的に接続する第2の出力ポートを有し、前記第2のマッハツェンダスイッチから入力された多波長光を分岐させ、前記出力モニタ導波路及び前記波長モニタ導波路にそれぞれ出力する光カプラと、
前記出力モニタ導波路を介して前記光カプラと光学的に接続し、前記出力モニタ導波路から入力された多波長光を検出する第1の光検出器と、
それぞれが、前記波長モニタ導波路と光学的に接続され、前記波長モニタ導波路から入力された多波長光から所定の波長の光を抽出する複数のリングフィルタと、
それぞれが、前記複数のリングフィルタのうちの対応するリングフィルタが抽出した光を検出する複数の第2の光検出器と、をさらに備え、
前記第2のマッハツェンダスイッチは、前記第2のマッハツェンダスイッチの第1の導波路を通過する多波長光と前記第2のマッハツェンダスイッチの第2の導波路を通過する多波長光との位相差を変化させることにより、前記第2のマッハツェンダスイッチの第1の出力ポートから前記第2の出力導波路に出力される多波長光と前記第2の出力ポートから前記モニタ導波路に出力される多波長光との出力分岐比を調整可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の多波長レーザ装置。 - 前記周期波長ミラーは、前記第1のマッハツェンダスイッチに出力する多波長光が有する周期的なピーク波長の波長間隔を調整可能であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の多波長レーザ装置。
- それぞれが、前記複数のリングフィルタのうちの対応するリングフィルタに光学的に接続され、当該対応するリングフィルタに所定の波長の光を出力する複数の光源と、
前記複数の光源がそれぞれ出力し、前記複数のリングフィルタのうちの対応するリングフィルタが抽出した光を検出する第3の光検出器と、をさらに備えていることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の多波長レーザ装置。 - 前記複数のリングフィルタは、それぞれ、抽出する光の波長を調整可能であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の多波長レーザ装置。
- 前記半導体利得チップは、量子ドット利得媒質を備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1から請求項6の何れか1項に記載の多波長レーザ装置。
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