WO2022242064A1 - 一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏 - Google Patents

一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022242064A1
WO2022242064A1 PCT/CN2021/130003 CN2021130003W WO2022242064A1 WO 2022242064 A1 WO2022242064 A1 WO 2022242064A1 CN 2021130003 W CN2021130003 W CN 2021130003W WO 2022242064 A1 WO2022242064 A1 WO 2022242064A1
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Prior art keywords
plate
spring
elastic support
rail vehicle
vertical
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PCT/CN2021/130003
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张华海
李龙
金希红
任伍胜
谷祥帅
王翔
朱卫
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中车株洲电力机车有限公司
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Application filed by 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 filed Critical 中车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority to EP21940508.1A priority Critical patent/EP4324715A1/en
Publication of WO2022242064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022242064A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D23/00—Construction of steps for railway vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a retractable pedal of a rail vehicle, belonging to the technical field of rail vehicle accessories.
  • the structure of the existing boarding pedals basically belongs to the fixed type, that is, a pedal mounting plate is designed under the side beam of the chassis, and the pedals are fixedly connected to the pedal mounting plate, and its height is not variable. Due to limited requirements, the pedal height of this structure is generally 500mm higher than the rail surface.
  • the torsion spring pedal disclosed in the utility model patent CN201620805680.9 has only a single layer of steps and a large span, and lacks protection for the structure. steps.
  • the electric pedals and electric pedals use a lot of structural space, require wiring and piping, and are easy to interfere with equipment such as bogies. They are complex in structure, low in reliability, and weak in shock resistance, so they are not suitable for widespread use.
  • the present invention provides a retractable pedal for rail vehicles, and the specific technical solution is as follows.
  • a retractable pedal for a rail vehicle characterized by comprising: a step assembly and elastic support boxes located on both sides of the step assembly;
  • the step assembly includes two vertical and opposite vertical plates and at least two step plates spaced apart in the vertical direction, the two ends of the step plates are respectively fixedly connected to the vertical plates, and the vertical plates
  • a connecting plate is arranged on the outside of the connecting plate, and both the connecting plate and the step plate are arranged horizontally;
  • the elastic support box body includes a bottom plate, a front baffle plate, a rear baffle plate, an outer side plate and a top plate; at least a part of the connecting plate is located in the cavity of the elastic support box body, and the elastic support box body is provided with vertical A spring extending in a straight direction, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom plate or the top plate, and the other end is abutted against or connected to the connecting plate.
  • the entire spring is confined in the cavity formed by the elastic support box and the vertical plate, which avoids the spring from being eroded by dust and sand, and is conducive to improving the weather resistance;
  • the step assembly includes multiple step plates, and the user
  • the appropriate step plate can be selected according to the actual height from the ground.
  • the step plate overcomes the elastic force of the spring and moves downward to the limit position, thus realizing the height adjustment of the step plate, which is beneficial for the user to go up and down the track vehicle.
  • the step plate returns to the highest position under the action of the spring, which meets the requirements of the vehicle limit and does not require personnel operation.
  • a guide rod for guiding the spring is also provided in the elastic support box, and a through hole for the guide rod to pass through is opened on the connecting plate.
  • the guide rod guides it to prevent the step assembly from turning over.
  • a limit block is also arranged in the elastic support box, and the limit block is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, and is used to limit the limit position of the downward movement of the connecting plate.
  • the outer plate is fixedly provided with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is arranged horizontally and extends to the outside of the outer plate, and a connecting hole is opened on the mounting plate.
  • the connecting hole is a waist-shaped hole.
  • the top board is detachably connected to the installation board through fasteners.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that the connecting plate of the step assembly can be installed in the elastic support box body, and then the top plate can be connected with the installation plate, which is beneficial to replace the step assembly of different specifications to meet the needs of different usage scenarios.
  • the retractable pedal of the present invention has a simple and light structure, can be connected to the car body by bolts, is convenient for installation, uses welded parts and standard parts, is simple to manufacture, stable and reliable, and has a long service life.
  • the spring installation space is covered by a baffle, which can prevent materials such as sand and soil from corroding the spring.
  • the size of the pedals is easy to replace according to actual needs. When people get on and off the car, the boarding height is effectively reduced and the comfort is improved. When the people get on and off the car, the retractable pedals will automatically return to the initial state, meeting the requirements of the vehicle limit, without personnel operation. Multi-layer steps can solve the problem of large spans, and the spring recovery force can help people board the car conveniently.
  • Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional schematic view of the telescoping pedal of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1, also is the front view that is installed on the car body;
  • Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an elastic support box
  • Fig. 4 is the front view of step assembly
  • Fig. 5 is the top view of step assembly
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the active state of the retractable pedal (some parts are hidden).
  • step assembly 1 connecting plate 1.1, upper step plate 1.2, vertical plate 1.3, lower step plate 1.4, elastic support box body 2, front baffle 2.1, rear baffle 2.2, outer side plate 2.3, installation plate 2.4, Bottom plate 2.5, limit block 2.6, top plate 2.7, spring 3, guide rod 4, through hole 5, connecting hole 6.
  • the present invention provides a retractable pedal for a rail vehicle, which includes a step assembly 1 and elastic support boxes 2 located on both sides of the step assembly 1;
  • the elastic supporting box body 2 includes a front baffle 2.1, a rear baffle 2.2, an outer side plate 2.3, a mounting plate 2.4, a bottom plate 2.5 and a limiting block 2.6.
  • the horizontal line in Figure 2 is the length direction, and the dimension in this direction is called length;
  • the vertical dot-dash line in Figure 2 is the vertical direction (vertical direction), and the dimension in this direction is called height;
  • the direction of the paper in Figure 2 is the width direction (that is, the third direction under the right-handed orthogonal coordinate system), and the dimension in this direction is called width.
  • the vertical dotted line in Fig. 2 is the symmetrical centerline of the retractable pedal, which is called the inner side near the centerline in the length direction, and the outer side which is far away from the centerline.
  • the elastic support box body 2 includes a bottom plate 2.5, a front baffle plate 2.1, a rear baffle plate 2.2 and an outer side plate 2.3 fixedly connected to each other; the upper surface of the bottom plate 2.5 is designed with a groove or a boss for fixing the spring 3, and the outer side is connected with an outer side plate 2.3, The upper outer side of the outer plate 2.3 is connected with a mounting plate 2.4, and the bottom plate 2.5, the outer plate 2.3, and the mounting plate 2.4 form a zigzag structure as a force-transmitting component.
  • a front baffle 2.1 and a rear baffle 2.2 are arranged in the width direction.
  • the mounting plate 2.4 is arranged horizontally, and a connecting hole 6 is opened on the mounting plate 2.4; preferably, the connecting hole 6 is a waist-shaped hole.
  • the top plate 2.7 is detachably connected with the mounting plate 2.4 through fasteners.
  • the step assembly 1 is a frame structure, and the upper step plate 1.2 and the lower step plate 1.4 are fixed together by two vertical and opposite vertical plates 1.3.
  • the upper and lower step boards can be used for stepping after anti-slip treatment.
  • the part where the upper step plate 1.2 extends beyond the lower step plate 1.4 is the connecting plate 1.1.
  • the connecting plate 1.1 can also be a plate component welded and fixed on the outside of the vertical plate 1.3.
  • the connecting plate 1.1 is used to contact the spring 3.
  • the connecting plate 1.1 At least a part of it is located in the cavity of the elastic support box body 2 .
  • the step assembly 1 in this embodiment only includes two step plates, and those skilled in the art can understand that more than two step plates can be provided as required.
  • the distance between the two vertical plates 1.3 is smaller than the distance between the two elastic support boxes 2, and the width of the connecting plate 1.1 is smaller than the distance between the front baffle 2.1 and the rear baffle 2.2, so as to ensure that the step assembly 1 can move smoothly in the vertical direction. move.
  • the upper end of the spring 3 supports the connection plate 1.1 of the step assembly 1, and the lower end is fixed on the bottom plate 2.5 of the elastic support box body 2.
  • the spring 3 When pressure is applied to the step assembly 1, the spring 3 is compressed, and the height of the upper end is reduced, so that the effect of the step assembly 1 moving up and down is achieved.
  • a limit block 2.6 is set in the elastic support box body 2, and the size of the limit block avoids the spring.
  • the limiting block 2.6 contacts the connecting plate 1.1, restricting the movement of the step assembly 1 to reach the maximum downward stroke.
  • a guide rod 4 can be set on the bottom plate 2.5, the spring 3 is threaded on the guide rod 4, and a sliding sleeve or a bearing (not shown) is arranged between the top of the spring 3 and the connecting plate 1.1; Those skilled in the art can understand that: the sliding sleeve or the bearing can also be eliminated.
  • the connection plate 1.1 is provided with a through hole 5 through which the guide rod 4 passes.
  • the spring 3 in the initial state is set to a compressed state, and the connecting plate 1.1 is abutted against the top plate 2.7. It is recommended that the initial compression force be 1 to 3 times that of the step assembly weight.
  • the installation method is as follows: the elastic support box body 2 (through the installation plate 2.4) is installed on the car body, and the installation plate 2.4 is provided with a waist-shaped hole in the longitudinal direction, so that the elastic support box body 2 can be properly adjusted in position.
  • the spring 3 is installed on the guide rod 4 of the elastic support box body 2, and the upper end is placed with a sliding sleeve.
  • the connecting plate 1.1 of the step assembly 1 is installed in the space of the elastic supporting box 2, and the guide rod 4 passes through the connecting plate 1.1 to adjust the distance between the two elastic supporting boxes 2.
  • the top plate 2.7 is installed. When the step assembly 1 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to remove the top plate 2.7 and install a new step assembly 1.
  • the compression springs used in the above embodiments can actually use tension springs.
  • the upper end of the tension spring is fixed to the top plate 2.7, and the lower end is connected to the connecting plate 1.1, which can also achieve the same technical effect.
  • the limiting block 2.6 can be canceled, and a spring with a higher rigidity can be selected, or the bottom plate 2.5 can be used to form a limit limiting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Passenger Equipment (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)

Abstract

一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，包括：台阶组合体(1)和位于台阶组合体(1)两侧的弹性支撑盒体(2)；台阶组合体(1)包括立板(1.3)和竖直方向上间隔设置的至少两个台阶板(1.2、1.4)，立板(1.3)的外侧设置有连接板(1.1)；弹性支撑盒体(2)包括互相固定连接的底板(2.5)、前挡板(2.1)、后挡板(2.2)、外侧板(2.3)和顶板(2.7)；连接板(1.1)位于弹性支撑盒体(2)的腔体内，且弹性支撑盒体(2)内设置有竖直方向延伸的弹簧(3)，弹簧(3)的一端固定连接于底板(2.5)或顶板(2.7)，另一端连接于或抵接于连接板(1.1)。该可伸缩脚踏结构简单轻巧，可采用螺栓连接至车体上，便于安装，使用焊接件及标准件，制作简单，稳定可靠，寿命长；弹簧安装空间由挡板遮挡，可阻止沙土等物质侵蚀弹簧；脚踏尺寸便于根据实际需要进行更换。

Description

一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏 技术领域
本发明涉及一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，属于轨道车辆附属部件技术领域。
背景技术
在目前的轨道车辆设计中，维修人员或司机必须通过安装在底架边梁下方的登车脚踏上下车。现有的登车脚踏的结构基本属于固定式，即在底架边梁下方设计脚踏安装板，将脚踏用固定连接的方式安装到脚踏安装板上,其高度不可变。受限界要求，这种结构的脚踏高度一般高于轨面500mm。当人员上车时，人体支撑面从脚底移动到脚踏上，重心逐渐偏离支撑面。若第一级台阶高度较高，人员必须花费更大的力量，上车变得更加困难。考虑到机车，尤其是轨道工程车的使用环境多数在户外，缺少站台，人员必须站立在地面或枕木上，登车的高度会加大。这种固定脚踏结构不便于人员上下车，容易引起人员受伤，严重影响了舒适度和安全性。
现有的机械结构式脚踏很少见，且存在着一些问题。如实用新型专利CN201620805680.9公开的扭簧式脚踏只有单层台阶、跨度较大，且缺少对结构的防护，易受到泥沙、尘土侵蚀，扭簧容易失效；而且无法简单地更换单层台阶。而电机式脚踏及电气式脚踏结构空间使用较大，需要布线布管，容易与转向架等设备干涉，且结构复杂，可靠性低，抗震能力较弱，不宜广泛使用。
发明内容
为了解决车辆限界要求引起的登车脚踏高度过高，登车困难的问题，本发明提供一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，具体技术方案如下。
一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，包括：台阶组合体和位于所述台阶组合体两侧的弹性支撑盒体；
所述台阶组合体包括竖直且相对设置的两个立板和竖直方向上间隔设置的至少两个台阶板，所述台阶板的两端分别与所述立板固定连接，所述立板的外侧设置有连接板，所述连接板和所述台阶板均水平设置；
所述弹性支撑盒体包括底板、前挡板、后挡板、外侧板和顶板；所述连接板的至少一部分位于所述弹性支撑盒体的腔体内，且所述弹性支撑盒体内设置有竖直方向延伸的弹簧，所述弹簧的一端固定连接于所述底板或所述顶板，另一端抵接于或连接于所述连接板。
采用上述的技术方案，整个弹簧被限定在弹性支撑盒体和立板组成的腔体内，避免了弹簧受尘土、泥沙侵蚀，有利于提高耐候性能；台阶组合体包含多个台阶板，使用人员可以根 据实际离地高度来选择合适的台阶板，使用人员踏在台阶板上时，台阶板克服弹簧的弹力向下运动至极限位置，从而实现了台阶板的高度调节，有利于使用人员上下轨道车辆。当未使用台阶板时，台阶板在弹簧的作用下回复到最高的位置，达到车辆限界的要求，无须人员操作。
进一步地，所述弹性支撑盒体内还设置有用于引导所述弹簧的引导杆，所述连接板上开设有供所述引导杆穿过的通孔。当台阶组合体上下运动时，引导杆对其进行引导，防止台阶组合体发生侧翻。优选地，所述引导杆和所述弹簧一一对应地设置有两个以上。
进一步地，弹性支撑盒体内还设置有限位块，所述限位块与所述底板固定连接，用于限定所述连接板向下运动的极限位置。
进一步地，所述外侧板固定设置有安装板，所述安装板水平设置且向所述外侧板的外侧延伸，且安装板上开设有连接孔。优选地，所述连接孔为腰形孔。
进一步地，所述顶板通过紧固件与所述安装板可拆卸连接。这样设置的优势在于可以将台阶组合体的连接板安装到弹性支撑盒体内之后，再将顶板与安装板进行连接，有利于更换不同规格台阶组合体，以适应不同使用场景的需要。
本发明的可伸缩脚踏结构简单轻巧，可采用螺栓连接至车体上，便于安装，使用焊接件及标准件，制作简单，稳定可靠，寿命长。弹簧安装空间由挡板遮挡，可阻止沙土等物质侵蚀弹簧。脚踏尺寸便于根据实际需要进行更换。在人员上下车时有效降低登车高度，提高舒适度，当人员上下车后，可伸缩脚踏会自动恢复初始状态，达到车辆限界的要求，无须人员操作。多层台阶可以解决跨度较大的问题，弹簧回复力可以助力人员方便登车。
附图说明
图1为本发明实可伸缩脚踏的立体示意图；
图2为图1的正视图，也是安装在车体上的正视图；
图3为弹性支撑盒体的立体示意图；
图4为台阶组合体的正视图；
图5为台阶组合体的俯视图；
图6为可伸缩脚踏的活动状态示意图(隐藏了部分部件)。
图中：台阶组合体1、连接板1.1、上台阶板1.2、立板1.3、下台阶板1.4、弹性支撑盒体2、前挡板2.1、后挡板2.2、外侧板2.3、安装板2.4、底板2.5、限位块2.6、顶板2.7、弹簧3、引导杆4、通孔5、连接孔6。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
参见图1-6，本发明提供的一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其包括台阶组合体1和位于所述台阶组合体1两侧的弹性支撑盒体2；
其中，弹性支撑盒体2包括前挡板2.1、后挡板2.2、外侧板2.3、安装板2.4、底板2.5和限位块2.6。
为方便说明，规定以下方向：图2水平线为长度方向，此方向上的尺寸称为长度；图2垂直点画线方向为垂直方向(竖直方向)，此方向上的尺寸称为高度；垂直于图2纸面方向为宽度方向(也即右手正交坐标系下的第三个方向)，此方向上的尺寸称为宽度。图2垂直点画线是可伸缩脚踏的对称中心线，长度方向上靠近中心线称为内侧，远离中心线称为外侧。
两个弹性支撑盒体2对称布置在台阶组合体1的外侧，是连接、支撑的结构。弹性支撑盒体2包括互相固定连接的底板2.5、前挡板2.1、后挡板2.2和外侧板2.3；底板2.5上表面设计有固定弹簧3的凹槽或凸台，外侧连有外侧板2.3，外侧板2.3的上方外侧连有安装板2.4，底板2.5、外侧板2.3、安装板2.4形成“之”字型结构，作为受力传力部件。为加强“之”字型结构的强度和对内部空间进行遮挡保护，同时约束台阶组合体1的运动空间，在宽度方向上设置有前挡板2.1和后挡板2.2。安装板2.4水平设置，且安装板2.4上开设有连接孔6；优选地，连接孔6为腰形孔。顶板2.7通过紧固件与安装板2.4可拆卸连接，这样设置的优势在于可以将台阶组合体的连接板1.1安装到弹性支撑盒体2内之后，再将顶板2.7与安装板2.4进行连接，有利于更换不同规格台阶组合体1，以适应不同使用场景的需要。但是本领域技术人员可以理解的是：底板2.5、前挡板2.1、后挡板2.2和外侧板2.3也可以相互固定连接(如焊接)形成弹性支撑盒体2。
台阶组合体1是一个框架结构，上台阶板1.2与下台阶板1.4通过竖直且相对设置的两个立板1.3固连在一起。上下台阶板均可进行防滑处理后用于踩踏。上台阶板1.2延伸超过下台阶板1.4的部位为连接板1.1，当然连接板1.1也可以是单独焊接固定在立板1.3外侧的板部件，连接板1.1用于与弹簧3抵接，连接板1.1的至少一部分位于弹性支撑盒体2的腔体内。本实施例中的台阶组合体1只包含两个台阶板，本领域技术人员可以理解的是：可以根据需要设置数量大于2的台阶板。两个立板1.3的间距小于两个弹性支撑盒体2的距离，连接板1.1的宽度小于前挡板2.1和后挡板2.2之间的距离，以保证台阶组合体1能顺利在垂直方向上移动。
弹簧3上端支撑台阶组合体1的连接板1.1，下端固定在弹性支撑盒体2的底板2.5上。台阶组合体1施加压力时，弹簧3压缩，上端高度降低，达到台阶组合体1上下运动的效果。
为保护弹簧3和控制最大行程，在弹性支撑盒体2内设置限位块2.6，限位块的大小避开弹簧。当台阶组合体1向下运动时，限位块2.6接触连接板1.1，限制台阶组合体1的运动，达到最大下行行程。
为防止弹簧3失稳，可在底板2.5上设置引导杆4，弹簧3穿设在引导杆4上，并在弹簧3上方与连接板1.1之间设置滑套或轴承(未图示)；本领域技术人员可以理解的是：滑套或轴承也可以取消。连接板1.1上开设有供引导杆4穿过的通孔5。
为减少弹簧3在车辆运行过程中垂向的振动影响，初始状态下的弹簧3设置为压缩状态，并将连接板1.1抵接至接触顶板2.7，建议初始压缩力为台阶组合体1至3倍重量。
安装方式如下：将弹性支撑盒体2(通过安装板2.4)安装在车体上，在安装板2.4设有长度方向腰型孔，使弹性支撑盒体2可以适当地调整位置。将弹簧3安装在弹性支撑盒体2的引导杆4上，上端放置滑套。将台阶组合体1的连接板1.1安装在弹性支撑盒体2的空间内，引导杆4穿过连接板1.1，调整两个弹性支撑盒体2的间距。对台阶组合体1施加初始应力后安装顶板2.7。当需要更换台阶组合体1时，只需要拆除顶板2.7装上新的台阶组合体1即可。
需要说明的是：上述实施例采用的压缩弹簧，实际上也可以使用拉伸弹簧，比如将拉伸弹簧的上端与顶板2.7固定，下端与连接板1.1连接，同样可以达到相同的技术效果。
限位块2.6可以取消，可以选择刚度较大的弹簧，或者利用底板2.5来形成极限限位。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是局限性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，包括：台阶组合体(1)和位于所述台阶组合体(1)两侧的弹性支撑盒体(2)；
    所述台阶组合体(1)包括竖直且相对设置的两个立板(1.3)和竖直方向上间隔设置的至少两个台阶板(1.2、1.4)，所述台阶板(1.2、1.4)的两端分别与所述立板(1.3)固定连接，所述立板(1.3)的外侧设置有连接板(1.1)，所述连接板(1.1)和所述台阶板(1.2、1.4)均水平设置；
    所述弹性支撑盒体(2)包括底板(2.5)、前挡板(2.1)、后挡板(2.2)、外侧板(2.3)和顶板(2.7)；所述连接板(1.1)的至少一部分位于所述弹性支撑盒体(2)的腔体内，且所述弹性支撑盒体(2)内设置有竖直方向延伸的弹簧(3)，所述弹簧(3)的一端固定连接于所述底板(2.5)或所述顶板(2.7)，另一端抵接于或连接于所述连接板(1.1)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，所述弹性支撑盒体(2)内还设置有用于引导所述弹簧(3)的引导杆(4)，所述连接板(1.1)上开设有供所述引导杆(4)穿过的通孔(5)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，所述引导杆(4)和所述弹簧(3)一一对应地设置有两个以上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，所述弹性支撑盒体(2)内还设置有限位块(2.6)，所述限位块(2.6)与所述底板(2.5)固定连接，用于限定所述连接板(1.1)向下运动的极限位置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，所述外侧板(2.3)固定设置有安装板，所述安装板水平设置且向所述外侧板的外侧延伸，且安装板上开设有连接孔(6)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，所述连接孔(6)为腰形孔。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种轨道车辆的可伸缩脚踏，其特征在于，所述顶板(2.7)通过紧固件与所述安装板可拆卸连接。
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