WO2022237133A1 - 一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子及其绕线方法 - Google Patents

一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子及其绕线方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022237133A1
WO2022237133A1 PCT/CN2021/134035 CN2021134035W WO2022237133A1 WO 2022237133 A1 WO2022237133 A1 WO 2022237133A1 CN 2021134035 W CN2021134035 W CN 2021134035W WO 2022237133 A1 WO2022237133 A1 WO 2022237133A1
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Prior art keywords
tooth head
mold
block
winding
stator
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PCT/CN2021/134035
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王健欢
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长鹰信质科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022237133A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022237133A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H02K1/148—Sectional cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H02K1/243—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors of the claw-pole type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/04—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of windings, prior to mounting into machines
    • H02K15/0435—Wound windings
    • H02K15/0442—Loop windings
    • H02K15/045—Form wound coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/52—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of motor stators and rotors, and specifically relates to a stator or rotor containing motor concentrated windings, which is applied to the stator or rotor, and is used to manufacture stators and rotors containing motor concentrated windings. method.
  • the motor stator and rotor are important components of motors such as driving machines.
  • the motor stator and rotor are usually composed of teeth and yokes, and coils are arranged in the teeth.
  • the integral stamping and forming stator or rotor punching sheet is generally made first, and the stator or rotor punching sheet is fixed to each other by welding, etc., and then the formed stator or rotor is wound and installed. , the gap in the stator or rotor is large, and the slot fill rate is low.
  • the Chinese invention patent with the application date of August 8, 2019 and the application number 201910728716.6 discloses a stator core, a wound stator, a concentrated winding motor and a production method.
  • the stator core includes: a yoke structure and a number of tooth structures, the yoke structure is divided into several yoke structure sections with the same number as the tooth structure, each yoke structure section is connected to each The tooth structure is connected, and several yoke structure segments are connected end to end in turn to form a circular yoke structure, and several tooth structures are located on the same circumferential line.
  • the stator core, the wound stator, and the concentrated winding motor separate the tooth structure and the yoke structure of the wound stator, which can be detachably installed, and the above-mentioned yoke structure is prepared by using the existing stamping process.
  • the present invention reduces the technical difficulty of preparing the integrally formed stator core, reduces the amount of scrapped materials during the preparation, and reduces the production cost.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the technical problem that the coil is directly wound on the stator core in the prior art, the winding is not tight enough, and the insulation layer is easily damaged during winding, which affects the quality of the motor. It provides a convenient processing , will not damage the teeth, and can increase the motor slot full rate and improve the product quality of a stator and rotor containing the concentrated winding of the motor; at the same time, the invention also provides a winding for the stator and rotor containing the concentrated winding of the motor line method.
  • the present invention provides a stator and a rotor including a concentrated winding of a motor, including tooth head pieces for winding and placing coil windings and yoke pieces for locking and fixing adjacent tooth head pieces.
  • the tooth head block is composed of tooth head punches
  • the yoke block is composed of yoke punches
  • the tooth head block and the yoke block are set in a corresponding group
  • the tooth head block is located at
  • the two adjacent tooth head blocks are connected by yoke blocks, and the two sides of the tooth head blocks are provided with alveolar surfaces, and the alveolar surfaces
  • a splicing part is provided opposite to the yoke block, a winding part is provided on the alveolar surface for placing the coil winding, and a wire is provided on the inner side of the yoke block close to the tooth head block.
  • the section of the lead slot is set to be semicircular or square.
  • the alveolar surfaces on both sides of the tooth head block are set to be inclined, and the inner width of the tooth head block is larger than the outer width.
  • the locking surfaces on both sides of the yoke block are inclined, and the locking surfaces cooperate with the splicing parts on the alveolar surfaces.
  • the alveolar groove surfaces on both sides of the tooth head block are parallel to each other, and the inner width of the tooth head block is equal to the outer width , the locking surfaces on both sides of the yoke block are set in an inclined shape, and the locking surfaces cooperate with the splicing parts on the alveolar surface.
  • a fixing groove is arranged on the splicing part, the width of the opening of the fixing groove is smaller than the inner width of the groove body, and the two pieces of the yoke part
  • the locking surface on the side is provided with a fixing block, and the fixing block matches with the fixing groove.
  • the inner surface of the tooth head block is provided with a limiting surface, and the limiting surface includes a limiting surface 1 and a limiting surface 2.
  • the limiting surface 1 and the limiting surface 2 are set to be inclined, and the included angles with the corresponding alveolar surfaces are obtuse angles.
  • the inner surface of the tooth head block is provided with a limit surface, and the limit surface is set in an arc shape.
  • the above-mentioned stator and rotor including the concentrated winding of the motor are provided with buckle point 1 on the tooth head punching piece, and adjacent tooth head punching pieces are fixedly connected by buckle point 1, and on the yoke There is a buckle point 2 on the upper punching piece, and the adjacent yoke punching pieces are fixedly connected by the buckle point 2.
  • a kind of winding method that is used to make above-mentioned stator, rotor that comprises motor concentrated winding, described winding method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 the mold making process;
  • the mold includes a tooth head mold, the size and shape of the tooth head mold and the winding part of the tooth head block are the same, a capping mold is set at the end of the tooth head mold, and the gap between the tooth head mold and the capping mould is Set the fixing part, and set the mold groove corresponding to the position of the lead groove on the cover mold;
  • Step 2 the process of assembling the mould; connecting the capping mold with the tooth head mould, and fixing the capping mold with the tooth head mould;
  • Step 3 winding coil winding process; install the mold on the winding machine, fix it, insert the lead wire at one end of the winding coil into the groove of the mold, turn the mold so that the wire is wound on the tooth head mold, and when turning the mold, it rises at the same time
  • the coil completely covers the surface of the tooth head mold, lower the mold so that the wire continues to rotate on the outer layer of the coil that has already been wound, so that the coil continues to cover the inner layer.
  • the layer coil such a loop makes the wires overlap and wind on the surface of the tooth head mold, and the windings are arranged tightly
  • Step 4 the winding process across the wire; when the wire is wound to the last half turn, the wire is obliquely crossed over the coil to the top of the next layer, changing the position of the outlet end, and cutting off the wire;
  • Step 5 the demoulding process; loosen the fixing parts, separate the tooth head mold and the capping mold in the mold, and separate the coil wound on the tooth head mold from the tooth head mold;
  • Step 6 the process of fixing the coil; putting the coil wound in the tooth head mold into the tooth head block;
  • Step 7 the splicing process of the stator and the rotor; embed the lead wires in the lead groove of the yoke block, and use the yoke block to connect the two adjacent tooth head blocks to form a circular stator and rotor;
  • Step 8 the wire arrangement process; collect and merge all the lead wires in the lead slots, collect and merge the tail ends of all coils, and merge them according to the phase wire requirements of the stator and rotor wires.
  • the shape of the upper and lower ends of the tooth head mold also includes the shape of the insulating plates at both ends of the tooth head block.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1.
  • the coil winding that has been wound and formed can be directly inserted into the tooth head piece, and then passed through the yoke
  • the blocks fix and lock the adjacent tooth head blocks, which can avoid damage to the insulation layer when winding the coil and improve product quality, and the above-mentioned wound coils are tight, which can improve the slot full rate; 2.
  • the yoke Lead grooves are set on the block, so that the lead-out wire at one end of the coil winding is embedded in the lead groove, which reduces the invalid occupancy in the groove and can improve the fullness of the groove; 3.
  • the winding method of the present invention is first wound on the mold, so that the winding 4.
  • the winding method of the present invention can make adjacent coil winding surfaces cross each other, can make full use of the space in the tooth slot, and can further improve the slot filling rate of the stator and rotor.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view of the combined state of the tooth head block and the yoke block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the combined state of the tooth head block and the yoke block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of the tooth head block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the tooth head block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a top view of the yoke block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the yoke block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a top view of the capping mold of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the capping mold of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a top view of the tooth head mold of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the tooth head mold of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the combined state of the tooth head mold and the capping mold of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the combined state of the coil, tooth head block and yoke block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a flowchart of the winding method of the present invention.
  • a stator and rotor containing concentrated windings of a motor include tooth head pieces 1 for winding and placing coil windings and yoke pieces for locking and fixing adjacent tooth head pieces 1
  • tooth head block 1 is composed of tooth head punches, on which there is a buckle point 14, and the upper and lower adjacent tooth head punches are fixedly connected by buckle point 14, that is, the tooth head set on the top
  • the protrusion of the buckle point 14 of the punching piece snaps into the groove of the buckle point 14 of the tooth head punching piece arranged below, and is pressed and fixed, so that the connection is firm;
  • the yoke block 2 is formed by the yoke Punches are composed of two buckle points 15 on the yoke punches, and the upper and lower adjacent yoke punches are fixedly connected by two buckle points 15.
  • the tooth head blocks 1 are arranged around the same circumferential line, and the two adjacent tooth head blocks 1 are connected by the yoke block 2, and the two sides of the tooth head block 1 are provided with alveolar surfaces 6, as In one solution, the alveolar surfaces 6 on both sides of the tooth head block 1 are set to be inclined, and the inner width of the tooth head block 1 is larger than the outer width; as another solution, the tooth alveolar surfaces 6 on both sides of the tooth head block 1
  • the groove surfaces 6 are parallel to each other, and the inner width of the tooth head block 1 is equal to the outer width; on the alveolar surface 6 and opposite to the yoke block 2, a splicing part 3 is provided for the connection of the yoke block 2, and the yoke
  • the locking surfaces 7 on both sides of the block 2 are set in an inclined shape, and the locking surfaces 7 are matched with the inclined surfaces of the splicing part 3 on the alveolar surface 6;
  • a fixing groove 8 is provided on the splicing part 3, and the width of the notch of the fixing groove 8 is smaller than the inner width of the groove body.
  • the locking surfaces 7 of each are provided with a fixed block 9, and the fixed block 9 matches the cross-sectional shape of the fixed groove 8.
  • the fixing function of the head block 1 is to align the fixing block 9 on the other side with the fixing groove 8 on the splicing part 3 of the adjacent tooth head block 1, and insert it into the tooth head block 1 from top to bottom, that is
  • the adjacent tooth head blocks 1 can be fixed by the yoke block 2.
  • the tooth head blocks 1 can be connected by the yoke block 2 to form a ring-shaped stator or rotor.
  • a lead slot 5 is set for the lead out of the wire.
  • the cross section of the lead slot 5 is set to be semicircular or square to match different coils. The specific shape depends on the motor.
  • the used wire is determined, as in the present embodiment, a semicircle is used, and the lead-out line of the wire is arranged in the lead-in groove 5, on the one hand, the position of the fixed lead-out line is played, and on the other hand, the lead-out line does not occupy the tooth head joint.
  • the spatial position between the blocks 1 can improve the slot fill rate, and at the same time, the yoke block 2 can play the role of restricting the position of the coil.
  • the inner surface of the yoke block 2 is provided with a limit surface, and the limit surface includes a limit surface 1 22 and a limit surface 2 23, and the limit surface 1 22 and the limit surface 2 23 are set to be inclined, and the limit surface 1 22 and The angle between the limiting surfaces 2 and 23 is an obtuse angle; of course, the limiting surface is set on the inner side of the yoke block 2, and the limiting surface can also be set as an arc; setting the limiting surface can play a role in fixing the coil winding .
  • the outer surface of the yoke piece 2 is set in an arc shape, so that the spliced tooth head piece 1 and the yoke piece 2 form a circle.
  • the present invention provides a winding method for making stators and rotors containing motor concentrated windings, including step 1, the process of making molds; step 2, the process of assembling molds; and step 3, the process of winding coils ;Step 4, winding process across wires; Step 5, demoulding process; Step 6, coil fixing process; Step 7, stator and rotor splicing process; Step 8, wire arranging process; 1.
  • the mold includes a tooth head mold 16 and a capping mold 17.
  • the end of the capping mold 17 is fixed, the capping mold 17 is provided with a groove body 21 opposite to the tooth head mold 16, and a through hole 220 is set on the groove body 21, and one end of the tooth head mold 16 is engaged with the capping mold 17
  • a through hole one 19 is set, and an internal thread is set in the through hole one 19.
  • the through hole one 19 is opposite to the through hole two 20, and the screw is passed through the through hole two 20 and the through hole one 19, the tooth head mold 16 and the capping mold 17 are fixedly connected.
  • a mold groove 18 corresponding to the position of the lead groove 5 is provided on the cover mold 17 close to the gear head mold 16 .
  • the wire continues to wind around the outside of the second layer of coils to form a third layer of coils, and so on, so that the wires are overlapped and wound on the teeth
  • the winding wires are arranged closely.
  • the wire is wound to the last half circle, the wire is diagonally across the end of the coil to the top of the outermost layer, the position of the outlet end is changed, and the wire is cut off.
  • one side of the bottom coil of the tooth head piece 1 forms a convex portion 10 and the other side forms a gap portion 11, and one side of the upper coil forms a gap portion 2 12 and the other side forms a convex portion.
  • Part two 13 so that when two groups of adjacent tooth head blocks 1 are combined, a convex part one 10 at the bottom of the adjacent coil is opposite to a gap part one 11 at the bottom of the other coil, and a gap part two 12 at the upper part of the adjacent coil and
  • the second convex portion 13 on the other coil top is opposite, so that the space of the slot body between the tooth head pieces 1 can be fully utilized, and the slot fullness rate can be improved.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子及其绕线方法，属于电机定子、转子技术领域，包括齿头拼块(1)和轭部拼块(2)，齿头拼块(1)位于同一圆周线上，两两相邻的齿头拼块(1)之间由轭部拼块(2)连接，齿头拼块(1)两侧设置有齿槽槽面(6)，轭部拼块(2)上设置有引线槽(5)，本发明可以有效避免绕制线圈时把绝缘层损坏，提高产品质量，并且绕制线圈紧密，可以提高槽满率；本发明的绕线方法，可以使相邻的线圈绕组表面相互交叉，可以充分利用齿槽内的空间，进一步能够提高定子、转子的槽满率，提高产品的质量。

Description

一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子及其绕线方法 技术领域
本发明属于电机定子、转子技术领域，具体说涉及包含电机集中绕组的，应用于定子或转子的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子或转子以及用于制作包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子的绕线方法。
背景技术
电机定子和转子是驱动机等电机的重要组成部分，电机定子和转子通常由齿部和轭部组成，在齿部中设置有线圈。现有技术中一般都先制作一体冲压成型的定子或转子冲片，把定子或转子冲片利用焊接等方式相互固定，再对成型的定子或转子进行绕线安装，这种方式在绕制线圈时，定子或转子内的空隙较大，槽满率低。
为了提高定子或转子的槽满率，在申请日为2019年08月08日，申请号为201910728716.6的中国发明专利公开了一种定子铁芯、绕线式定子、集中绕组电机及生产方法，所述定子铁芯包括：轭部结构和若干个齿部结构，轭部结构分为与齿部结构数量相同的若干个轭部结构段，采用榫卯连接方式将每个轭部结构段与每个齿部结构连接，若干轭部结构段依次首尾连接，构成圆环形的轭部结构，若干个齿部结构位于同一圆周线上。该定子铁芯、绕线式定子、集中绕组电机通过将所述绕线式定子的齿部结构与轭部结构为分离结构，可拆卸安装，采用现有的冲压工艺制备上述的轭部结构其降低了现有制备所述一体成型的定子铁芯的工艺难度，减少了制备时材料的报废量，降低了生产成本。
但是上述的一种定子铁芯、绕线式定子、集中绕组电机及生产方法，由于线圈直接绕制在定子铁芯上，绕线不够紧密，并且由于在定子铁芯的两侧设置绝缘层，当绕制时容易把绝缘层损坏，影响电机的质量。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题在于现有技术中线圈直接绕制在定子铁芯上，绕线不够紧密，并且在绕制时容易把绝缘层损坏，影响电机的质量的技术问题，提供一种方便加工，不会损坏齿部，并可以增加电机槽满率，提高产品质量的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子；同时本发明还提供一种用于制作包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子的绕线方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，包括用于缠绕放置线圈绕组的齿头拼块和用于锁紧固定相邻齿头拼块的轭部拼块，所述的齿头拼块由齿头冲片组成，轭部拼块由轭部冲片组成，所述的齿头拼块和轭部拼块相对应设置-组，所述的齿头拼块位于同一圆周线上，所述的两两相邻的齿头拼块之间通过轭部拼块连接，所述的齿头拼块两侧设置有齿槽槽面，所述的齿槽槽面上与轭部拼块相对处设置拼接部，所述的齿槽槽面上用于放置线圈绕组处设置绕线部，所述的轭部拼块内侧面靠近齿头拼块处设置一个用于导线引出的引线槽。
作为本发明的进一步改进措施，上述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，所述引线槽的截面设置为半圆形或方形。
作为本发明的进一步改进措施，上述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，所述齿头拼块的两侧齿槽槽面设置为倾斜状，齿头拼块的内侧宽度大于外侧宽度，所述轭部拼块的两侧锁紧面设置为倾斜状，所述的锁紧面与齿槽槽面上的拼接部相配合。
作为本发明的另一种改进措施，上述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，所述齿头拼块的两侧齿槽槽面相互平行，齿头拼块的内侧宽度与外侧宽度相等，所述轭部拼块的两侧锁紧面设置为倾斜状，所述的锁紧面与齿槽槽面上的拼接部相配合。
作为本发明的进一步改进措施，上述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，所述的拼接部上设置固定槽，固定槽的槽口宽度小于槽体内部宽度，所述轭部拼块两侧的锁紧面设置有固定块，所述的固定块与固定槽相配合。
作为本发明的进一步改进措施，上述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，所述齿头拼块内表面设置限位面，限位面包括限位面一和限位面二，所述的限位面一和限位面二设置为倾斜状且分别与相对应齿槽槽面的夹角呈钝角。
作为本发明的另一种改进措施，上述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，所述齿头拼块内表面设置限位面，限位面设置为弧形。
作为本发明的进一步改进措施，上述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，在所述的齿头冲片上设置有扣点一，相邻齿头冲片由扣点一固定连接，在轭部冲片上设置有扣点二，相邻轭部冲片由扣点二固定连接。
一种用于制作上述包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子的绕线方法，所述的 绕线方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一，制作模具过程；模具包括齿头模具，齿头模具与齿头拼块绕线部的大小形状相同，在齿头模具的端部设置封盖模具，齿头模具与封盖模具之间设置固定件，在封盖模具上设置与引线槽位置相对应的模具槽；
步骤二，装配模具过程；将封盖模具与齿头模具连接，用固定件把封盖模具与齿头模具固定连接；
步骤三，绕组线圈绕线过程；将模具安装在绕线机上，固定，将绕组线圈一端的引出线嵌入模具槽内，转动模具，使导线绕在齿头模具上，在转动模具时，同时上升模具，使导线从上往下依次覆盖在齿头模具的表面，当线圈全部覆盖齿头模具表面时，下降模具，使导线继续在已经卷绕的线圈外层继续绕转，使线圈继续覆盖内层线圈上，如此循环，使导线重叠卷绕在齿头模具表面，绕线排列紧密
步骤四，跨线卷绕过程；当导线绕到最后半圈时，将导线斜跨过线圈至下一层的顶部，改变出线端的位置，切断导线；
步骤五，脱模过程；松开固定件，将模具中的齿头模具和封盖模具分离，将已绕在齿头模具上的线圈从齿头模具中分离；
步骤六，固定线圈过程；将在齿头模具中卷绕完成的线圈套入齿头拼块中；
步骤七，定子、转子拼接过程；将引出线嵌入到轭部拼块的引线槽内，用轭部拼块将相邻的两个齿头拼块固定连接，形成圆形的定子、转子；
步骤八，理线过程；将所有引线槽内的引出线收集合并，将所有线圈的尾端收集合并，按定子、转子导线的相线要求进行合并。
作为本发明的进一步改进措施，上述的一种绕线方法，所述的步骤一中，齿头模具上、下两端部的形状还包括齿头拼块两端部绝缘板的形状。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：1、通过设置齿头拼块和轭部拼块，可以将已缠绕成型的线圈绕组直接套入到齿头拼块上，再通过轭部拼块将相邻的齿头拼块固定锁紧，这样可以避免绕制线圈时把绝缘层损坏，提高产品质量，并且上述绕制线圈紧密，可以提高槽满率；2、通过在轭部拼块上设置引线槽，使线圈绕组一端的引出线嵌入在引线槽内，减少槽内的无效占用，能够提高槽满率；3、本发明的绕线方法，先绕制在模具上，这样绕制线圈紧密，可以提高槽满率；4、本发明的绕线方法，可以使相邻的线圈绕组表面相互交叉， 可以充分利用齿槽内的空间，进一步能够提高定子、转子的槽满率。
附图说明
图1是本发明齿头拼块和轭部拼块组合状态俯视图。
图2是本发明齿头拼块和轭部拼块组合状态立体图。
图3是本发明齿头拼块俯视图。
图4是本发明齿头拼块立体图。
图5是本发明轭部拼块俯视图。
图6是本发明轭部拼块的立体图。
图7是本发明封盖模具俯视图。
图8是本发明封盖模具立体图。
图9是本发明齿头模具俯视图。
图10是本发明齿头模具立体图。
图11是本发明齿头模具和封盖模具组合状态剖视图。
图12是本发明线圈、齿头拼块和轭部拼块组合状态剖视图。
图13是本发明绕线方法的流程图。
附图标号说明：1-齿头拼块；2-轭部拼块；3-拼接部；4-绕线部；5-引线槽；6-齿槽槽面；7-锁紧面；8-固定槽；9-固定块；10-凸部一；11-空隙部一；12-空隙部二；13-凸部二；14-扣点一；15-扣点二；16-齿头模具；17-封盖模具；18-模具槽；19-通孔一；20-通孔二；21-槽体；22-限位面一；23限位面二。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
如图1至图6所示的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，包括用于缠绕放置线圈绕组的齿头拼块1和用于锁紧固定相邻齿头拼块1的轭部拼块2，齿头拼块1由齿头冲片组成，在齿头冲片上设置有扣点一14，上下相邻的齿头冲片由扣点一14固定连接，即设置在上面的齿头冲片的扣点一14的凸起卡入到设置在下面的齿头冲片的扣点一14的凹槽内，进行压紧固定，这样连接牢固；同样，轭部拼块2由轭部冲片组成，在轭部冲片上设置有扣点二15，上下相邻的轭部冲片由扣点二15固定连接。齿头拼块1设置为12组，轭部拼块2相对应设置为12组。齿头拼块1环绕排列设置在同一圆周线上，两两相邻的齿头拼块1之间由轭部拼块2连接，齿头拼块1两侧设置有齿槽槽面6，作为一种方 案，齿头拼块1的两侧齿槽槽面6设置为倾斜状，齿头拼块1的内侧宽度大于外侧宽度；作为另一种方案，齿头拼块1的两侧齿槽槽面6相互平行，齿头拼块1的内侧宽度与外侧宽度相等；在齿槽槽面6上与轭部拼块2相对处设置拼接部3，用于轭部拼块2连接，轭部拼块2的两侧锁紧面7设置为倾斜状，其锁紧面7与齿槽槽面6上的拼接部3倾斜面相配合；齿槽槽面6上用于放置线圈绕组处设置绕线部4，用于放置线圈绕组。
为了方便连接，在拼接部3上设置固定槽8，固定槽8的槽口宽度小于槽体内部宽度，如固定槽8的截面的形状设置为梯形或圆弧形，轭部拼块2两侧的锁紧面7均设置有固定块9，固定块9与固定槽8的截面形状相配合。使用时，把轭部拼块2一侧的固定块9与拼接部3上的固定槽8对准，从上往下插入到齿头拼块1中，即可达到轭部拼块2与齿头拼块1的固定作用，把另一侧的固定块9与相邻齿头拼块1的拼接部3上的固定槽8对准，从上往下插入到齿头拼块1中，即可用轭部拼块2把相邻的齿头拼块1进行固定，如此方式，可以用轭部拼块2连接齿头拼块1成一个圆环状的定子或转子。
在轭部拼块2内侧面靠近齿头拼块1处设置一个用于导线引出的引线槽5，引线槽5的截面设置为半圆形或方形，以匹配不同的线圈，具体形状根据电机中所使用的导线决定，如本实施例中使用半圆形，导线的引出线设置在引线槽5内，一方面起到固定导线引出线的位置，另一方面，使引出线不占用齿头拼块1之间的空间位置，能够提高槽满率，同时轭部拼块2可起到限制线圈位置的作用。
轭部拼块2内表面设置限位面，限位面包括限位面一22和限位面二23，限位面一22和限位面二23设置为倾斜状，限位面一22和限位面二23之间的夹角为钝角；当然，轭部拼块2内侧面设置限位面，限位面也可以设置为弧形；设置限位面，可以起到固定线圈绕组的作用。轭部拼块2的外表面设置为弧形，使整个拼接而成的的齿头拼块1和轭部拼块2成为一个圆形。
如图13所示，本发明提供一种用于制作包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子的绕线方法，包括步骤一，制作模具过程；步骤二，装配模具过程；步骤三，绕组线圈绕线过程；步骤四，跨线卷绕过程；步骤五，脱模过程；步骤六，固定线圈过程；步骤七，定子、转子拼接过程；步骤八，理线过程；具体方法为，先制作模具，如图1、图2、图7至图12所示，模具包括齿头模具16和封盖模 具17，齿头模具16与齿头拼块1中绕线部4的大小形状相同，在齿头模具16的端部固定封盖模具17，封盖模具17一与齿头模具16相对处设置槽体21，在槽体21上设置通孔二20，齿头模具16的一端卡合在封盖模具17的槽体21内，在齿头模具16上设置通孔一19，通孔一19内设置内螺纹，通孔一19和通孔二20相对，把螺丝穿过通孔二20与通孔一19，使齿头模具16和封盖模具17固定连接。在封盖模具17上靠近齿头模具16设置与引线槽5位置相对应的模具槽18。
再把模具安装在绕线机上进行固定，将绕组线圈一端的引出线嵌入模具槽18内，转动模具，使导线绕在齿头模具16上，在转动模具时，同时上升模具，使导线从上往下依次覆盖在齿头模具16的表面，当线圈全部覆盖齿头模具16表面时，形成第一层线圈，这时，下降模具，使导线继续在已经卷绕的第一层线圈外层继续绕转，使线圈继续覆盖在第一层线圈上，形成第二层线圈，接着上升模具，导线继续绕在第二层线圈外侧，形成第三层线圈，如此循环，使导线重叠卷绕在齿头模具16表面，这样，绕线排列紧密。当导线绕到最后半圈时，将导线斜跨过线圈的端部至最外层的顶部，改变出线端的位置，切断导线。
再松开固定件，将模具中的齿头模具16和封盖模具17分离，将已绕在齿头模具16上的线圈从齿头模具16中分离；将在齿头模具16中卷绕完成的线圈分别套入到齿头拼块1中；用轭部拼块2将相邻的两个齿头拼块1固定连接，将引出线嵌入到轭部拼块2的引线槽5内，形成圆形的定子、转子。按上述方法得到的绕圈绕组，齿头拼块1底部线圈的一侧形成凸部一10和另一侧形成空隙部一11，上部线圈的一侧形成空隙部二12和另一侧形成凸部二13，这样当相邻两组齿头拼块1组合后，相邻线圈底部的一个凸部一10和另一个线圈底部空隙部一11相对，相邻线圈上部的一个空隙部二12和另一个线圈上部凸部二13相对，这样能够充分利用齿头拼块1之间槽体的空间，提高槽满率。
最后把所有引线槽5内的引出线收集合并，将所有线圈的尾端收集合并，按定子、转子导线的相线要求进行合并，形成一个完整的定子或转子。
利用上述方法，对于较粗的绕组线圈，不管是圆形或方形，都可以绕制的比较紧密，不会损坏定子、转子，也不会损坏导线，提高定子、转子的槽满率，提高产品的质量。
上面结合附图对本发明实施方式作了详细说明，但是本发明并不限于上 述实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来说，还可以在不脱离本发明的前提下作若干变型和改进，这些也应视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，所述的定子、转子包括用于缠绕放置线圈绕组的齿头拼块(1)和用于锁紧固定相邻齿头拼块(1)的轭部拼块(2)，所述的齿头拼块(1)由齿头冲片组成，轭部拼块(2)由轭部冲片组成，所述的齿头拼块(1)和轭部拼块(2)相对应设置6-48组，所述的齿头拼块(1)位于同一圆周线上，所述的两两相邻的齿头拼块(1)之间通过轭部拼块(2)连接，所述的齿头拼块(1)两侧设置有齿槽槽面(6)，所述的齿槽槽面(6)上与轭部拼块(2)相对处设置拼接部(3)，所述的齿槽槽面(6)上用于放置线圈绕组处设置绕线部(4)，所述的轭部拼块(2)内侧面靠近齿头拼块(1)处设置一个用于导线引出的引线槽(5)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，所述引线槽(5)的截面设置为半圆形或方形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，所述齿头拼块(1)的两侧齿槽槽面(6)设置为倾斜状，齿头拼块(1)的内侧宽度大于外侧宽度，所述轭部拼块(2)的两侧锁紧面(7)设置为倾斜状，所述的锁紧面(7)与齿槽槽面(6)上的拼接部(3)相配合。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，所述齿头拼块(1)的两侧齿槽槽面(6)相互平行，齿头拼块(1)的内侧宽度与外侧宽度相等，所述轭部拼块(2)的两侧锁紧面(7)设置为倾斜状，所述的锁紧面(7)与齿槽槽面(6)上的拼接部(3)相配合。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，所述的拼接部(3)上设置固定槽(8)，固定槽(8)的槽口宽度小于槽体内部宽度，所述轭部拼块(2)两侧的锁紧面(7)设置有固定块(9)，所述的固定块(9)与固定槽(8)相配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，所述轭部拼块(2)内表面设置限位面，限位面包括限位面一(12)和限位面二(13)，所述的限位面一(12)和限位面二(13)之间的夹角为钝角。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，所述轭部拼块(2)内表面设置限位面，限位面设置为弧形。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子，其特征在于，在所述的齿头冲片上设置有扣点一(14)，相邻齿头冲片由扣点一(14)固定连 接，在轭部冲片上设置有扣点二(15)，相邻轭部冲片由扣点二(15)固定连接。
  9. 一种用于制作权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的包含电机集中绕组的定子、转子的绕线方法，其特征在于，所述的绕线方法包括以下步骤：
    步骤一，制作模具过程；模具包括齿头模具(16)，齿头模具(16)与齿头拼块(1)绕线部(4)的大小形状相同，在齿头模具(16)的端部设置封盖模具(17)，齿头模具(16)与封盖模具(17)之间设置固定件，在封盖模具(17)上设置与引线槽(5)位置相对应的模具槽(18)；
    步骤二，装配模具过程；将封盖模具(17)与齿头模具(16)连接，用固定件把封盖模具(17)与齿头模具(16)固定连接；
    步骤三，绕组线圈绕线过程；将模具安装在绕线机上，固定，将绕组线圈一端的引出线嵌入模具槽(18)内，转动模具，使导线绕在齿头模具(16)上，在转动模具时，同时上升模具，使导线从上往下依次覆盖在齿头模具(16)的表面，当线圈全部覆盖齿头模具(16)表面时，下降模具，使导线继续在已经卷绕的线圈外层继续绕转，使线圈继续覆盖内层线圈上，如此循环，使导线重叠卷绕在齿头模具(16)表面，绕线排列紧密；
    步骤四，跨线卷绕过程；当导线绕到最后半圈时，将导线斜跨过线圈端部至下一层的顶部，改变出线端的位置，切断导线；
    步骤五，脱模过程；松开固定件，将模具中的齿头模具(16)和封盖模具(17)分离，将已绕在齿头模具(16)上的线圈从齿头模具(16)中分离；
    步骤六，固定线圈过程；将在齿头模具(16)中卷绕完成的线圈套入齿头拼块(1)中；
    步骤七，定子、转子拼接过程；将引出线嵌入到轭部拼块(2)的引线槽(5)内，用轭部拼块(2)将相邻的两个齿头拼块(1)固定连接，形成圆形的定子、转子；
    步骤八，理线过程；将所有引线槽(5)内的引出线收集合并，将所有线圈的尾端收集合并，按定子、转子导线的相线要求进行合并。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种绕线方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤一中，齿头模具(16)上、下两端部的形状还包括齿头拼块(1)两端部绝缘板的形状。
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